Chapter 11: Mahābhiṣa and Gaṅgā; the Vasus’ curse, Gaṅgā’s pact with Pratīpa and marriage to Śantanu, and the birth, preservation and return of Gāṅgeya.
इक्ष्वाकुवंशप्रभवो राजासीत्पृथिवीपतिः। महाभिष इति ख्यातः सत्यवाक्सत्यविक्रमः ॥BORI: १-०९१-१॥
ikṣvākuvaṁśaprabhavō rājāsītpr̥thivīpatiḥ। mahābhiṣa iti khyātaḥ satyavāksatyavikramaḥ ॥BORI: 1-091-1॥
There was a king of the Ikshvaku line, a lord of the earth, renowned as Mahabhisha, true to his word and valiant in truth’s cause. (BORI: 1-091-1)
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सोऽश्वमेधसहस्रेण वाजपेयशतेन च। तोषयामास देवेन्द्रं स्वर्गं लेभे ततः प्रभुः ॥BORI: १-०९१-२॥
sō’śvamēdhasahasrēṇa vājapēyaśatēna ca। tōṣayāmāsa dēvēndraṁ svargaṁ lēbhē tataḥ prabhuḥ ॥BORI: 1-091-2॥
With a thousand horse sacrifices and a hundred Vājapeya sacrifices, that mighty king pleased Indra, lord of the gods, and thereby attained heaven. (BORI: 1-091-2)
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ततः कदाचिद्ब्रह्माणमुपासां चक्रिरे सुराः। तत्र राजर्षयो आसन्स च राजा महाभिषः ॥BORI: १-०९१-३॥
tataḥ kadācidbrahmāṇamupāsāṁ cakrirē surāḥ। tatra rājarṣayō āsansa ca rājā mahābhiṣaḥ ॥BORI: 1-091-3॥
Then, on one occasion, the gods were attending upon Brahma. Royal seers were present there, as was King Mahabhisha. (BORI: 1-091-3)
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अथ गङ्गा सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा समुपायात्पितामहम्। तस्या वासः समुद्धूतं मारुतेन शशिप्रभम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-४॥
atha gaṅgā saricchrēṣṭhā samupāyātpitāmaham। tasyā vāsaḥ samuddhūtaṁ mārutēna śaśiprabham ॥BORI: 1-091-4॥
Then Ganga, foremost of rivers, approached the Grandsire. The wind lifted her moon-bright garment. (BORI: 1-091-4)
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ततोऽभवन्सुरगणाः सहसावाङ्मुखास्तदा। महाभिषस्तु राजर्षिरशङ्को दृष्टवान्नदीम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-५॥
tatō’bhavansuragaṇāḥ sahasāvāṅmukhāstadā। mahābhiṣastu rājarṣiraśaṅkō dr̥ṣṭavānnadīm ॥BORI: 1-091-5॥
Then the hosts of gods suddenly lowered their faces, but the royal sage Mahabhisha, unabashed, gazed at the river. (BORI: 1-091-5)
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अपध्यातो भगवता ब्रह्मणा स महाभिषः। उक्तश्च जातो मर्त्येषु पुनर्लोकानवाप्स्यसि ॥BORI: १-०९१-६॥
apadhyātō bhagavatā brahmaṇā sa mahābhiṣaḥ। uktaśca jātō martyēṣu punarlōkānavāpsyasi ॥BORI: 1-091-6॥
The blessed Brahmā cursed Mahābhiṣa and said to him, “Once you have been born among mortals, you will regain these worlds.” (BORI: 1-091-6)
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यया हृतमनाश्चासि गङ्गया त्वं हि दुर्मते । सा ते वै मानुषे लोके विप्रियाण्याचरिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-१०२-७; NILA: ०१.०९६.००७॥
yayā hr̥tamanāścāsi gaṅgayā tvaṁ hi durmatē । sā tē vai mānuṣē lōkē vipriyāṇyācariṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-102-7; NILA: 01.096.007॥
That Ganga who has stolen your heart, you fool, will indeed do things displeasing to you in the human world. (KUMB: 1-102-7; NILA: 01.096.007)
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यदा ते भविता मन्युस्तदा शापाद्विमोक्ष्यते ॥KUMB: १-१०२-८; NILA: ०१.०९६.००८॥
yadā tē bhavitā manyustadā śāpādvimōkṣyatē ॥KUMB: 1-102-8; NILA: 01.096.008॥
When anger arises in you, she will be released from the curse. (KUMB: 1-102-8; NILA: 01.096.008)
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स चिन्तयित्वा नृपतिर्नृपान्सर्वांस्तपोधनान्। प्रतीपं रोचयामास पितरं भूरिवर्चसम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-७॥
sa cintayitvā nr̥patirnr̥pānsarvāṁstapōdhanān। pratīpaṁ rōcayāmāsa pitaraṁ bhūrivarcasam ॥BORI: 1-091-7॥
After considering all the kings rich in ascetic merit, that king chose the illustrious Pratipa as his father. (BORI: 1-091-7)
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महाभिषं तु तं दृष्ट्वा नदी धैर्याच्च्युतं नृपम्। तमेव मनसाध्यायमुपावर्तत्सरिद्वरा ॥BORI: १-०९१-८॥
mahābhiṣaṁ tu taṁ dr̥ṣṭvā nadī dhairyāccyutaṁ nr̥pam। tamēva manasādhyāyamupāvartatsaridvarā ॥BORI: 1-091-8॥
Seeing King Mahabhisha lose his composure, the foremost of rivers turned away with her thoughts fixed on him alone. (BORI: 1-091-8)
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सा तु विध्वस्तवपुषः कश्मलाभिहतौजसः। ददर्श पथि गच्छन्ती वसून्देवान्दिवौकसः ॥BORI: १-०९१-९॥
sā tu vidhvastavapuṣaḥ kaśmalābhihataujasaḥ। dadarśa pathi gacchantī vasūndēvāndivaukasaḥ ॥BORI: 1-091-9॥
As she went on her way, she saw the Vasus, the celestial gods, their forms marred and their radiance dimmed by dejection. (BORI: 1-091-9)
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तथारूपांश्च तान्दृष्ट्वा पप्रच्छ सरितां वरा। किमिदं नष्टरूपाः स्थ कच्चित्क्षेमं दिवौकसाम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-१०॥
tathārūpāṁśca tāndr̥ṣṭvā papraccha saritāṁ varā। kimidaṁ naṣṭarūpāḥ stha kaccitkṣēmaṁ divaukasām ॥BORI: 1-091-10॥
Seeing them in such a state, the foremost of rivers asked, “Why have you lost your former appearance? Is all well with the gods?” (BORI: 1-091-10)
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तामूचुर्वसवो देवाः शप्ताः स्मो वै महानदि। अल्पेऽपराधे संरम्भाद्वसिष्ठेन महात्मना ॥BORI: १-०९१-११॥
tāmūcurvasavō dēvāḥ śaptāḥ smō vai mahānadi। alpē’parādhē saṁrambhādvasiṣṭhēna mahātmanā ॥BORI: 1-091-11॥
The divine Vasus said to her, “We have indeed been cursed, great river, by the great-souled Vasishtha, who became enraged at a slight offense.” (BORI: 1-091-11)
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विमूढा हि वयं सर्वे प्रच्छन्नमृषिसत्तमम्। सन्ध्यां वसिष्ठमासीनं तमत्यभिसृताः पुरा ॥BORI: १-०९१-१२॥
vimūḍhā hi vayaṁ sarvē pracchannamr̥ṣisattamam। sandhyāṁ vasiṣṭhamāsīnaṁ tamatyabhisr̥tāḥ purā ॥BORI: 1-091-12॥
For in our confusion, we all once passed over that hidden best of seers, Vasiṣṭha, as he sat performing his twilight devotions. (BORI: 1-091-12)
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तेन कोपाद्वयं शप्ता योनौ सम्भवतेति ह। न शक्यमन्यथा कर्तुं यदुक्तं ब्रह्मवादिना ॥BORI: १-०९१-१३॥
tēna kōpādvayaṁ śaptā yōnau sambhavatēti ha। na śakyamanyathā kartuṁ yaduktaṁ brahmavādinā ॥BORI: 1-091-13॥
In his anger, he cursed us: “Be born from a womb.” What a knower of Brahman has declared cannot be otherwise. (BORI: 1-091-13)
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त्वं तस्मान्मानुषी भूत्वा सूष्व पुत्रान्वसून्भुवि। न मानुषीणां जठरं प्रविशेमाशुभं वयम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-१४॥
tvaṁ tasmānmānuṣī bhūtvā sūṣva putrānvasūnbhuvi। na mānuṣīṇāṁ jaṭharaṁ praviśēmāśubhaṁ vayam ॥BORI: 1-091-14॥
Therefore, become a human woman and bear the Vasus as your sons on earth, so that we may not enter the inauspicious wombs of mortal women. (BORI: 1-091-14)
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इत्युक्ता तान्वसून्गङ्गा तथेत्युक्त्वाब्रवीदिदम्। मर्त्येषु पुरुषश्रेष्ठः को वः कर्ता भविष्यति ॥BORI: १-०९१-१५॥
ityuktā tānvasūngaṅgā tathētyuktvābravīdidam। martyēṣu puruṣaśrēṣṭhaḥ kō vaḥ kartā bhaviṣyati ॥BORI: 1-091-15॥
Thus addressed by the Vasus, Gaṅgā said, “So be it,” and then asked them, “Among mortals, what supreme man will be your father?” (BORI: 1-091-15)
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प्रतीपस्य सुतो राजा शन्तनुर्नाम धार्मिकः। भविता मानुषे लोके स नः कर्ता भविष्यति ॥BORI: १-०९१-१६॥
pratīpasya sutō rājā śantanurnāma dhārmikaḥ। bhavitā mānuṣē lōkē sa naḥ kartā bhaviṣyati ॥BORI: 1-091-16॥
King Pratipa’s son, named Shantanu, is righteous. He will live in the human world, and he will be our father. (BORI: 1-091-16)
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ममाप्येवं मतं देवा यथावदत मानघाः। प्रियं तस्य करिष्यामि युष्माकं चैतदीप्शितम् ॥BORI: १-०९१-१७॥
mamāpyēvaṁ mataṁ dēvā yathāvadata mānaghāḥ। priyaṁ tasya kariṣyāmi yuṣmākaṁ caitadīpśitam ॥BORI: 1-091-17॥
I too am of the same mind, gods, just as you have said, sinless ones. I shall do what pleases him and what you desire. (BORI: 1-091-17)
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जातान् कुमारान् स्वानप्सु प्रक्षेप्तुं वै त्वम् अर्हसि। यथा न चिरकालं नः निष्कृतिः स्यात् त्रिलोकगे ॥BORI: १-०९१-१८॥
jātān kumārān svānapsu prakṣēptuṁ vai tvam arhasi। yathā na cirakālaṁ naḥ niṣkr̥tiḥ syāt trilōkagē ॥BORI: 1-091-18॥
You should cast your sons into the waters as soon as they are born, so that our release may not be long delayed, O you who range through the three worlds. (BORI: 1-091-18)
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एवमेतत्करिष्यामि पुत्रस्तस्य विधीयताम्। नास्य मोघः सङ्गमः स्यात् पुत्रहेतोर्मया सह ॥BORI: १-०९१-१९॥
ēvamētatkariṣyāmi putrastasya vidhīyatām। nāsya mōghaḥ saṅgamaḥ syāt putrahētōrmayā saha ॥BORI: 1-091-19॥
I shall do so. But let a son be provided for him, so that his union with me for the sake of a son may not be fruitless. (BORI: 1-091-19)
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तुरीयार्धं प्रदास्यामो वीर्यस्यैकैकशो वयम्। तेन वीर्येण पुत्रस्ते भविता तस्य च इप्सितः ॥BORI: १-०९१-२०॥
turīyārdhaṁ pradāsyāmō vīryasyaikaikaśō vayam। tēna vīryēṇa putrastē bhavitā tasya ca ipsitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-091-20॥
Each of us will give a quarter of our power. Through that power, you will bear the son he desires. (BORI: 1-091-20)
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न सम्पत्स्यति मर्त्येषु पुनस्तस्य तु सन्ततिः। तस्मादपुत्रः पुत्रस्ते भविष्यति स वीर्यवान् ॥BORI: १-०९१-२१॥
na sampatsyati martyēṣu punastasya tu santatiḥ। tasmādaputraḥ putrastē bhaviṣyati sa vīryavān ॥BORI: 1-091-21॥
But no further line of his will arise among mortals; therefore, that mighty son of yours will be childless. (BORI: 1-091-21)
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एवं ते समयं कृत्वा गङ्गया वसवः सह। जग्मुः प्रहृष्टमनसः यथासङ्कल्पम् अञ्जसा ॥BORI: १-०९१-२२॥
ēvaṁ tē samayaṁ kr̥tvā gaṅgayā vasavaḥ saha। jagmuḥ prahr̥ṣṭamanasaḥ yathāsaṅkalpam añjasā ॥BORI: 1-091-22॥
Having made this agreement with Gaṅgā, the Vasus departed with joyful hearts, swiftly and as they had resolved. (BORI: 1-091-22)
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जिघृक्षवो वयं सर्वे सुरभिं मन्दबुद्धयः । शप्ता ब्रह्मर्षिणा तेन तांस्त्वं मोचय चाशु नः ॥KUMB: १-१०२-२०॥
jighr̥kṣavō vayaṁ sarvē surabhiṁ mandabuddhayaḥ । śaptā brahmarṣiṇā tēna tāṁstvaṁ mōcaya cāśu naḥ ॥KUMB: 1-102-20॥
Foolish as we were, we all wished to seize Surabhi and were cursed by that Brahmarshi. Please release us quickly. (KUMB: 1-102-20)
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ततः प्रतीपो राजा स सर्वभूतहिते रतः। निषसाद समा बह्वीर्गङ्गातीरगतो जपन् ॥BORI: १-०९२-१॥
tataḥ pratīpō rājā sa sarvabhūtahitē rataḥ। niṣasāda samā bahvīrgaṅgātīragatō japan ॥BORI: 1-092-1॥
Then King Pratipa, devoted to the welfare of all beings, went to the bank of the Ganges and sat there for many years, reciting prayers. (BORI: 1-092-1)
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तस्य रूपगुणोपेता गङ्गा श्रीरिव रूपिणी। उत्तीर्य सलिलात्तस्माल्लोभनीयतमाकृतिः ॥BORI: १-०९२-२॥
tasya rūpaguṇōpētā gaṅgā śrīriva rūpiṇī। uttīrya salilāttasmāllōbhanīyatamākr̥tiḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-2॥
Before him, Ganga, endowed with beauty and virtue, as though Śrī had taken bodily form, emerged from those waters in a supremely alluring form… (BORI: 1-092-2)
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अधीयानस्य राजर्षेर्दिव्यरूपा मनस्विनी। दक्षिणं शालसङ्काशमूरुं भेजे शुभानना ॥BORI: १-०९२-३॥
adhīyānasya rājarṣērdivyarūpā manasvinī। dakṣiṇaṁ śālasaṅkāśamūruṁ bhējē śubhānanā ॥BORI: 1-092-3॥
As the royal sage was reciting, the noble-minded woman of divine beauty and lovely face seated herself on his right thigh, which resembled a sal tree. (BORI: 1-092-3)
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प्रतीपस्तु महीपालस्तामुवाच मनस्विनीम्। करवाणि किं ते कल्याणि प्रियं यत्तेऽभिकाङ्क्षितम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-४॥
pratīpastu mahīpālastāmuvāca manasvinīm। karavāṇi kiṁ tē kalyāṇi priyaṁ yattē’bhikāṅkṣitam ॥BORI: 1-092-4॥
But King Pratipa said to the high-minded woman, “What may I do for you, fair lady? What favor do you desire?” (BORI: 1-092-4)
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त्वामहं कामये राजन्कुरुश्रेष्ठ भजस्व माम्। त्यागः कामवतीनां हि स्त्रीणां सद्भिर्विगर्हितः ॥BORI: १-०९२-५॥
tvāmahaṁ kāmayē rājankuruśrēṣṭha bhajasva mām। tyāgaḥ kāmavatīnāṁ hi strīṇāṁ sadbhirvigarhitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-5॥
“I desire you, O king, best of the Kurus; accept me. For good men condemn the rejection of women who are filled with desire.” (BORI: 1-092-5)
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नाहं परस्त्रियं कामाद्गच्छेयं वरवर्णिनि। न चासवर्णां कल्याणि धर्म्यं तद्विद्धि मे व्रतम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-६॥
nāhaṁ parastriyaṁ kāmādgacchēyaṁ varavarṇini। na cāsavarṇāṁ kalyāṇi dharmyaṁ tadviddhi mē vratam ॥BORI: 1-092-6॥
I would not approach another man’s wife out of desire, fair lady, nor a woman of a different caste, noble lady. Know that this is my righteous vow. (BORI: 1-092-6)
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नाश्रेयस्यस्मि नागम्या न वक्तव्या च कर्हिचित्। भज मां भजमानां त्वं राजन्कन्यां वरस्त्रियम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-७॥
nāśrēyasyasmi nāgamyā na vaktavyā ca karhicit। bhaja māṁ bhajamānāṁ tvaṁ rājankanyāṁ varastriyam ॥BORI: 1-092-7॥
I am neither inferior nor forbidden to you, and I can never be reproached. Love me as I love you, O king—a maiden and an excellent woman. (BORI: 1-092-7)
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मयातिवृत्तमेतत्ते यन्मां चोदयसि प्रियम्। अन्यथा प्रतिपन्नं मां नाशयेद्धर्मविप्लवः ॥BORI: १-०९२-८॥
mayātivr̥ttamētattē yanmāṁ cōdayasi priyam। anyathā pratipannaṁ māṁ nāśayēddharmaviplavaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-8॥
I have overlooked this act of yours—your urging me toward pleasure. If I were to act otherwise, a breach of dharma would destroy me. (BORI: 1-092-8)
[PV-KDV:01_011_33]
प्राप्य दक्षिणमूरुं मे त्वमाश्लिष्टा वराङ्गने। अपत्यानां स्नुषाणां च भीरु विद्ध्येतदासनम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-९॥
prāpya dakṣiṇamūruṁ mē tvamāśliṣṭā varāṅganē। apatyānāṁ snuṣāṇāṁ ca bhīru viddhyētadāsanam ॥BORI: 1-092-9॥
You came to my right thigh and embraced me, lovely woman. Know, timid one, that this is the seat for children and daughters-in-law. (BORI: 1-092-9)
[PV-KDV:01_011_34]
सव्यतः कामिनीभागस्त्वया स च विवर्जितः। तस्मादहं नाचरिष्ये त्वयि कामं वराङ्गने ॥BORI: १-०९२-१०॥
savyataḥ kāminībhāgastvayā sa ca vivarjitaḥ। tasmādahaṁ nācariṣyē tvayi kāmaṁ varāṅganē ॥BORI: 1-092-10॥
The left side is the place for a lover, and you have avoided it. Therefore, lovely woman, I will not make love to you. (BORI: 1-092-10)
[PV-KDV:01_011_35]
स्नुषा मे भव कल्याणि पुत्रार्थे त्वां वृणोम्यहम्। स्नुषापक्षं हि वामोरु त्वमागम्य समाश्रिता ॥BORI: १-०९२-११॥
snuṣā mē bhava kalyāṇi putrārthē tvāṁ vr̥ṇōmyaham। snuṣāpakṣaṁ hi vāmōru tvamāgamya samāśritā ॥BORI: 1-092-11॥
Become my daughter-in-law, lovely one; I choose you for my son. For, fair-thighed woman, you came and took your place on the daughter-in-law’s side. (BORI: 1-092-11)
[PV-KDV:01_011_36]
एवमप्यस्तु धर्मज्ञ संयुज्येयं सुतेन ते। त्वद्भक्त्यैव भजिष्यामि प्रख्यातं भारतं कुलम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-१२॥
ēvamapyastu dharmajña saṁyujyēyaṁ sutēna tē। tvadbhaktyaiva bhajiṣyāmi prakhyātaṁ bhārataṁ kulam ॥BORI: 1-092-12॥
So be it, knower of dharma. May I be united with your son. Out of devotion to you alone, I shall join the renowned Bharata dynasty. (BORI: 1-092-12)
[PV-KDV:01_011_37]
पृथिव्यां पार्थिवा ये च तेषां यूयं परायणम्। गुणा न हि मया शक्या वक्तुं वर्षशतैरपि । कुलस्य ये वः प्रस्थितास्तत्साधुत्वमनुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-१३॥
pr̥thivyāṁ pārthivā yē ca tēṣāṁ yūyaṁ parāyaṇam। guṇā na hi mayā śakyā vaktuṁ varṣaśatairapi । kulasya yē vaḥ prasthitāstatsādhutvamanuttamam ॥BORI: 1-092-13॥
Among all the kings on earth, you are the supreme refuge. Even in a hundred years I could not recount the virtues that have arisen in your lineage—such is its unsurpassed nobility. (BORI: 1-092-13)
[PV-PAX:01_011_38]
स मे नाभिजनज्ञः स्यादाचरेयं च यद्विभो। तत्सर्वमेव पुत्रस्ते न मीमांसेत कर्हिचित् ॥BORI: १-०९२-१४॥
sa mē nābhijanajñaḥ syādācarēyaṁ ca yadvibhō। tatsarvamēva putrastē na mīmāṁsēta karhicit ॥BORI: 1-092-14॥
Your son must not know my parentage, O lord, and he must never question anything I do. (BORI: 1-092-14)
[PV-KDV:01_011_39]
एवं वसन्ती पुत्रे ते वर्धयिष्याम्यहं प्रियम्। पुत्रैः पुण्यैः प्रियैश्चापि स्वर्गं प्राप्स्यति ते सुतः ॥BORI: १-०९२-१५॥
ēvaṁ vasantī putrē tē vardhayiṣyāmyahaṁ priyam। putraiḥ puṇyaiḥ priyaiścāpi svargaṁ prāpsyati tē sutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-15॥
Living with your son on these terms, I shall increase his happiness, and through virtuous and beloved sons, your son will attain heaven. (BORI: 1-092-15)
[PV-KDV:01_011_40]
तथेत्युक्त्वा तु सा राजंस्तत्रैवान्तरधीयत। पुत्रजन्म प्रतीक्षंस्तु स राजा तदधारयत् ॥BORI: १-०९२-१६॥
tathētyuktvā tu sā rājaṁstatraivāntaradhīyata। putrajanma pratīkṣaṁstu sa rājā tadadhārayat ॥BORI: 1-092-16॥
Having said, “So be it,” she vanished then and there, O king. As he awaited the birth of a son, the king kept her words in mind. (BORI: 1-092-16)
[PV-KDV:01_011_41]
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु प्रतीपः क्षत्रियर्षभः। तपस्तेपे सुतस्यार्थे सभार्यः कुरुनन्दन ॥BORI: १-०९२-१७॥
ētasminnēva kālē tu pratīpaḥ kṣatriyarṣabhaḥ। tapastēpē sutasyārthē sabhāryaḥ kurunandana ॥BORI: 1-092-17॥
Meanwhile, Pratipa, bull among Kshatriyas, practiced austerities with his wife for the sake of obtaining a son, O descendant of Kuru. (BORI: 1-092-17)
[PV-KDV:01_011_42]
तयोः समभवत्पुत्रो वृद्धयोः स महाभिषः। शान्तस्य जज्ञे सन्तानस्तस्मादासीत्स शन्तनुः ॥BORI: १-०९२-१८॥
tayōḥ samabhavatputrō vr̥ddhayōḥ sa mahābhiṣaḥ। śāntasya jajñē santānastasmādāsītsa śantanuḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-18॥
That Mahabhisha was born as a son to the aged couple. Since offspring was born to him when he had grown tranquil, the son was Shantanu. (BORI: 1-092-18)
[PV-KDV:01_011_43]
संस्मरंश्चाक्षयाँल्लोकान्विजितान्स्वेन कर्मणा। पुण्यकर्मकृदेवासीच्छन्तनुः कुरुसत्तम ॥BORI: १-०९२-१९॥
saṁsmaraṁścākṣayām̐llōkānvijitānsvēna karmaṇā। puṇyakarmakr̥dēvāsīcchantanuḥ kurusattama ॥BORI: 1-092-19॥
Remembering the imperishable worlds he had won through his own deeds, Shantanu performed only virtuous deeds, O best of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-092-19)
[PV-KDV:01_011_44]
प्रतीपः शन्तनुं पुत्रं यौवनस्थं ततोऽन्वशात्। पुरा मां स्त्री समभ्यागाच्छन्तनो भूतये तव ॥BORI: १-०९२-२०॥
pratīpaḥ śantanuṁ putraṁ yauvanasthaṁ tatō’nvaśāt। purā māṁ strī samabhyāgācchantanō bhūtayē tava ॥BORI: 1-092-20॥
Then Pratipa instructed his son Shantanu, who had reached manhood: “Long ago, Shantanu, a woman approached me for your welfare... (BORI: 1-092-20)
[PV-KDV:01_011_45]
त्वामाव्रजेद्यदि रहः सा पुत्र वरवर्णिनी। कामयानाभिरूपाढ्या दिव्या स्त्री पुत्रकाम्यया। सा त्वया नानुयोक्तव्या कासि कस्यासि वाङ्गने ॥BORI: १-०९२-२१॥
tvāmāvrajēdyadi rahaḥ sā putra varavarṇinī। kāmayānābhirūpāḍhyā divyā strī putrakāmyayā। sā tvayā nānuyōktavyā kāsi kasyāsi vāṅganē ॥BORI: 1-092-21॥
My son, if that beautiful, divinely lovely woman should approach you in private, desiring you out of longing for a son, you must not question her: “Who are you, fair lady, and whose daughter are you?” (BORI: 1-092-21)
[PV-KDV:01_011_46]
यच्च कुर्यान्न तत्कार्यं प्रष्टव्या सा त्वयानघ। मन्नियोगाद्भजन्तीं तां भजेथा इत्युवाच तम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-२२॥
yacca kuryānna tatkāryaṁ praṣṭavyā sā tvayānagha। manniyōgādbhajantīṁ tāṁ bhajēthā ityuvāca tam ॥BORI: 1-092-22॥
Whatever she may do, you must not question her about it, sinless one. “At my command, you should accept her when she seeks you,” he told him. (BORI: 1-092-22)
[PV-KDV:01_011_47]
एवं संदिश्य तनयं प्रतीपः शन्तनुं तदा। स्वे च राज्येऽभिषिच्यैनं वनं राजा विवेश ह ॥BORI: १-०९२-२३॥
ēvaṁ saṁdiśya tanayaṁ pratīpaḥ śantanuṁ tadā। svē ca rājyē’bhiṣicyainaṁ vanaṁ rājā vivēśa ha ॥BORI: 1-092-23॥
Having thus instructed his son Shantanu, King Pratipa installed him in his own kingdom and then retired to the forest. (BORI: 1-092-23)
[PV-KDV:01_011_48]
स राजा शन्तनुर्धीमान् ख्यातः पृथ्व्यां धनुर्धरः। बभूव मृगयाशीलः सततं वनगोचरः ॥BORI: १-०९२-२४॥
sa rājā śantanurdhīmān khyātaḥ pr̥thvyāṁ dhanurdharaḥ। babhūva mr̥gayāśīlaḥ satataṁ vanagōcaraḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-24॥
That wise king Shantanu, renowned throughout the earth as an archer, became devoted to hunting and constantly roamed the forests. (BORI: 1-092-24)
[PV-KDV:01_011_49]
स मृगान्महिषांश्चैव विनिघ्नन् राजसत्तमः। गङ्गामनुचचारैकः सिद्धचारणसेविताम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-२५॥
sa mr̥gānmahiṣāṁścaiva vinighnan rājasattamaḥ। gaṅgāmanucacāraikaḥ siddhacāraṇasēvitām ॥BORI: 1-092-25॥
That best of kings, killing deer and buffalo, wandered alone along the Ganges, which was frequented by Siddhas and Charanas. (BORI: 1-092-25)
[PV-KDV:01_011_50]
स कदाचिन्महाराज ददर्श परमस्त्रियम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-२६॥
sa kadācinmahārāja dadarśa paramastriyam॥BORI: 1-092-26॥
One day, O great king, he saw a supremely beautiful woman. (BORI: 1-092-26A)
[PV-KDV:01_011_51]
Gaṅgā’s attraction to Śantanu is a later addition and is absent from the original narrative, where the goddess descends for a specific purpose. Splitting the verses and removing this narrative noise brings the passage closer to KDV style.
जाज्वल्यमानां वपुषा साक्षात्पद्मामिव श्रियम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-२६॥
jājvalyamānāṁ vapuṣā sākṣātpadmāmiva śriyam ॥BORI: 1-092-26॥
radiant in form like Śrī herself dwelling in a lotus. (BORI: 1-092-26B)
[PV-PAX:01_011_52]
सर्वानवद्यां सुदतीं दिव्याभरणभूषिताम्। सूक्ष्माम्बरधरामेकां पद्मोदरसमप्रभाम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-२७॥
sarvānavadyāṁ sudatīṁ divyābharaṇabhūṣitām। sūkṣmāmbaradharāmēkāṁ padmōdarasamaprabhām ॥BORI: 1-092-27॥
utterly flawless, with beautiful teeth, adorned with celestial ornaments, clad in a fine garment, alone and as radiant as the heart of a lotus… (BORI: 1-092-27)
[PV-PAX:01_011_53]
तां दृष्ट्वा हृष्टरोमाभूद्विस्मितो रूपसम्पदा ॥BORI: १-०९२-२८॥
tāṁ dr̥ṣṭvā hr̥ṣṭarōmābhūdvismitō rūpasampadā॥BORI: 1-092-28॥
Seeing her, the king was thrilled, the hair on his body standing on end, and was amazed by her beauty. (BORI: 1-092-28A)
[PV-KDV:01_011_54]
Gaṅgā’s attraction to Śantanu is a later addition and is absent from the original narrative, where the goddess descends for a specific purpose. Splitting the verses and removing this narrative noise brings the passage closer to KDV style.
पिबन्निव च नेत्राभ्यां नातृप्यत नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०९२-२८॥
pibanniva ca nētrābhyāṁ nātr̥pyata narādhipaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-28॥
As though drinking her in with his eyes, he could not have enough of the sight. (BORI: 1-092-28B)
[PV-PAX:01_011_55]
सा च दृष्ट्वैव राजानं विचरन्तं महाद्युतिम्। स्नेहादागतसौहार्दा नातृप्यत विलासिनी ॥BORI: १-०९२-२९॥
sā ca dr̥ṣṭvaiva rājānaṁ vicarantaṁ mahādyutim। snēhādāgatasauhārdā nātr̥pyata vilāsinī ॥BORI: 1-092-29॥
As soon as the lovely woman saw the radiant king wandering there, affection arose in her heart, and she could not gaze at him enough. (BORI: 1-092-29)
[PV-PAX:01_011_56]
तामुवाच ततो राजा सान्त्वयञ्श्लक्ष्णया गिरा। देवी वा दानवी वा त्वं गन्धर्वी यदि वाप्सराः ॥BORI: १-०९२-३०॥
tāmuvāca tatō rājā sāntvayañślakṣṇayā girā। dēvī vā dānavī vā tvaṁ gandharvī yadi vāpsarāḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-30॥
Then the king addressed her, reassuring her in a gentle voice: “Whether you are a goddess, a demoness, a Gandharva woman, or an Apsara…” (BORI: 1-092-30)
[PV-KDV:01_011_57]
यक्षी वा पन्नगी वापि मानुषी वा सुमध्यमे। या वा त्वं सुरगर्भाभे भार्या मे भव शोभने ॥BORI: १-०९२-३१॥
yakṣī vā pannagī vāpi mānuṣī vā sumadhyamē। yā vā tvaṁ suragarbhābhē bhāryā mē bhava śōbhanē ॥BORI: 1-092-31॥
Or whether you are a Yakshi, a serpent woman, or a human, slender-waisted lady—whoever you may be, radiant as one born of the gods, become my wife, beautiful one. (BORI: 1-092-31)
[PV-KDV:01_011_58]
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचो राज्ञः सस्मितं मृदु वल्गु च। वसूनां समयं स्मृत्वा अभ्यगच्छदनिन्दिता ॥BORI: १-०९२-३२॥
ētacchrutvā vacō rājñaḥ sasmitaṁ mr̥du valgu ca। vasūnāṁ samayaṁ smr̥tvā abhyagacchadaninditā ॥BORI: 1-092-32॥
Hearing these gentle and charming words of the king, she smiled, remembered her agreement with the Vasus, and the blameless woman approached him. (BORI: 1-092-32)
[PV-KDV:01_011_59]
उवाच चैव राज्ञः सा ह्लादयन्ती मनो गिरा। भविष्यामि महीपाल महिषी ते वशानुगा ॥BORI: १-०९२-३३॥
uvāca caiva rājñaḥ sā hlādayantī manō girā। bhaviṣyāmi mahīpāla mahiṣī tē vaśānugā ॥BORI: 1-092-33॥
Delighting the king’s heart with her words, she said to him, “O protector of the earth, I shall become your obedient queen.” (BORI: 1-092-33)
[PV-KDV:01_011_60]
यत्तु कुर्यामहं राजञ्शुभं वा यदि वाशुभम्। न तद्वारयितव्यास्मि न वक्तव्या तथाप्रियम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-३४॥
yattu kuryāmahaṁ rājañśubhaṁ vā yadi vāśubham। na tadvārayitavyāsmi na vaktavyā tathāpriyam ॥BORI: 1-092-34॥
But whatever I may do, O king, whether good or bad, you must neither prevent me from doing it nor speak harshly to me about it. (BORI: 1-092-34)
[PV-KDV:01_011_61]
एवं हि वर्तमानेऽहं त्वयि वत्स्यामि पार्थिव। वारिता विप्रियं चोक्ता त्यजेयं त्वामसंशयम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-३५॥
ēvaṁ hi vartamānē’haṁ tvayi vatsyāmi pārthiva। vāritā vipriyaṁ cōktā tyajēyaṁ tvāmasaṁśayam ॥BORI: 1-092-35॥
For only on these terms will I live with you, O king. If you restrain me or speak harshly to me, I shall leave you without a doubt. (BORI: 1-092-35)
[PV-KDV:01_011_62]
एष मे समयो राजन्भज मां त्वं यथेप्सितम् । अनुनीताऽस्मि ते पित्रा भर्ता मे त्वं भव प्रभो ॥KUMB: १-१०४-८॥
ēṣa mē samayō rājanbhaja māṁ tvaṁ yathēpsitam । anunītā’smi tē pitrā bhartā mē tvaṁ bhava prabhō ॥KUMB: 1-104-8॥
“This is my condition, O king: take me as you desire. Your father has won me over; become my husband, my lord.” (KUMB: 1-104-8)
[PV-KDV:01_011_63]
तथेति राज्ञा सा तूक्ता तदा भरतसत्तम। प्रहर्षमतुलं लेभे प्राप्य तं पार्थिवोत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-३६॥
tathēti rājñā sā tūktā tadā bharatasattama। praharṣamatulaṁ lēbhē prāpya taṁ pārthivōttamam ॥BORI: 1-092-36॥
When the king said to her, “So be it,” she was filled with incomparable joy, O best of the Bharatas, at having won that foremost of kings. (BORI: 1-092-36)
[PV-KDV:01_011_64]
आसाद्य शन्तनुस्तां च बुभुजे कामतो वशी। न प्रष्टव्येति मन्वानो न स तां किञ्चिदूचिवान् ॥BORI: १-०९२-३७॥
āsādya śantanustāṁ ca bubhujē kāmatō vaśī। na praṣṭavyēti manvānō na sa tāṁ kiñcidūcivān ॥BORI: 1-092-37॥
Having obtained her, Shantanu, master of himself, enjoyed her as he pleased. Mindful that he was not to question her, he said nothing to her. (BORI: 1-092-37)
[PV-OTH:01_011_65]
स तस्याः शीलवृत्तेन रूपौदार्यगुणेन च। उपचारेण च रहस्तुतोष जगतीपतिः ॥BORI: १-०९२-३८॥
sa tasyāḥ śīlavr̥ttēna rūpaudāryaguṇēna ca। upacārēṇa ca rahastutōṣa jagatīpatiḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-38॥
The lord of the earth delighted in her conduct and character, her beauty and nobility, and the attentions she showed him in private. (BORI: 1-092-38)
[PV-OTH:01_011_66]
दिव्यरूपा हि सा देवी गङ्गा त्रिपथगा नदी। मानुषं विग्रहं श्रीमत्कृत्वा सा वरवर्णिनी ॥BORI: १-०९२-३९॥
divyarūpā hi sā dēvī gaṅgā tripathagā nadī। mānuṣaṁ vigrahaṁ śrīmatkr̥tvā sā varavarṇinī ॥BORI: 1-092-39॥
For she was the goddess Ganga, the river that follows three paths, divine in form. Having assumed a splendid human form, that fair-complexioned woman… (BORI: 1-092-39)
[PV-OTH:01_011_67]
भाग्योपनतकामस्य भार्येवोपस्थिताभवत्। शन्तनो राजसिंहस्य देवराजसमद्युतेः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४०॥
bhāgyōpanatakāmasya bhāryēvōpasthitābhavat। śantanō rājasiṁhasya dēvarājasamadyutēḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-40॥
She came as a wife to the lionlike King Shantanu, whose desire had been granted by good fortune and whose splendor equaled that of the king of the gods. (BORI: 1-092-40)
[PV-OTH:01_011_68]
सम्भोगस्नेहचातुर्यैर्हावलास्यैर्मनोहरैः। राजानं रमयामास यथा रेमे तथैव सः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४१॥
sambhōgasnēhacāturyairhāvalāsyairmanōharaiḥ। rājānaṁ ramayāmāsa yathā rēmē tathaiva saḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-41॥
With her skill in lovemaking and affection, and with her captivating amorous gestures and playful graces, she delighted the king; as she took pleasure, so did he. (BORI: 1-092-41)
[PV-OTH:01_011_69]
स राजा रतिसक्तत्वादुत्तमस्त्रीगुणैर्हृतः। संवत्सरानृतून्मासान्न बुबोध बहून्गतान् ॥BORI: १-०९२-४२॥
sa rājā ratisaktatvāduttamastrīguṇairhr̥taḥ। saṁvatsarānr̥tūnmāsānna bubōdha bahūngatān ॥BORI: 1-092-42॥
Captivated by the excellent qualities of that woman and absorbed in lovemaking, the king did not notice the many years, seasons, and months that passed. (BORI: 1-092-42)
[PV-OTH:01_011_70]
दिविष्ठान्मानुषांश्चैव भोगान्भुङ्क्ते स वै नृपः । आसाद्य शान्तनुः श्रीमान्मुमुदे योषितां वराम् ॥KUMB: १-१०५-२॥
diviṣṭhānmānuṣāṁścaiva bhōgānbhuṅktē sa vai nr̥paḥ । āsādya śāntanuḥ śrīmānmumudē yōṣitāṁ varām ॥KUMB: 1-105-2॥
That king enjoyed both heavenly and human pleasures. Having obtained the finest of women, the illustrious Shantanu rejoiced. (KUMB: 1-105-2)
[PV-KDV:01_011_71]
रममाणस्तया सार्धं यथाकामं जनेश्वरः। अष्टावजनयत्पुत्रांस्तस्याममरवर्णिनः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४३॥
ramamāṇastayā sārdhaṁ yathākāmaṁ janēśvaraḥ। aṣṭāvajanayatputrāṁstasyāmamaravarṇinaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-43॥
Enjoying himself with her as he pleased, the king fathered eight sons by her, all radiant as the immortals. (BORI: 1-092-43)
[PV-KDV:01_011_72]
जातं जातं च सा पुत्रं क्षिपत्यम्भसि भारत। प्रीणामि त्वाहमित्युक्त्वा गङ्गास्रोतस्यमज्जयत् ॥BORI: १-०९२-४४॥
jātaṁ jātaṁ ca sā putraṁ kṣipatyambhasi bhārata। prīṇāmi tvāhamityuktvā gaṅgāsrōtasyamajjayat ॥BORI: 1-092-44॥
Each son as soon as he was born, she cast into the water, O Bharata; saying, “I do this to please you,” she submerged him in the current of the Ganges. (BORI: 1-092-44)
[PV-KDV:01_011_73]
तस्य तन्न प्रियं राज्ञः शन्तनोरभवत्तदा। न च तां किञ्चनोवाच त्यागाद्भीतो महीपतिः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४५॥
tasya tanna priyaṁ rājñaḥ śantanōrabhavattadā। na ca tāṁ kiñcanōvāca tyāgādbhītō mahīpatiḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-45॥
This did not please King Shantanu, but the ruler said nothing to her then, for fear that she would leave him. (BORI: 1-092-45)
[PV-KDV:01_011_74]
अथ तामष्टमे पुत्रे जाते प्रहसितामिव। उवाच राजा दुःखार्तः परीप्सन्पुत्रमात्मनः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४६॥
atha tāmaṣṭamē putrē jātē prahasitāmiva। uvāca rājā duḥkhārtaḥ parīpsanputramātmanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-46॥
Then, when the eighth son was born, the grief-stricken king, wishing to save his child, said to her as she seemed to smile… (BORI: 1-092-46)
[PV-KDV:01_011_75]
मा वधीः कासि कस्यासि किं हिंससि सुतानिति। पुत्रघ्नि सुमहत्पापं मा प्रापस्तिष्ठ गर्हिते ॥BORI: १-०९२-४७॥
mā vadhīḥ kāsi kasyāsi kiṁ hiṁsasi sutāniti। putraghni sumahatpāpaṁ mā prāpastiṣṭha garhitē ॥BORI: 1-092-47॥
Do not kill him! Who are you, and to whom do you belong? Why do you kill your sons? Murderer of your own children, do not incur this terrible sin! Stop, you wicked woman! (BORI: 1-092-47)
[PV-KDV:01_011_76]
पुत्रकाम न ते हन्मि पुत्रं पुत्रवतां वर। जीर्णस्तु मम वासोऽयं यथा स समयः कृतः ॥BORI: १-०९२-४८॥
putrakāma na tē hanmi putraṁ putravatāṁ vara। jīrṇastu mama vāsō’yaṁ yathā sa samayaḥ kr̥taḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-48॥
O you who long for a son, I will not kill your son, best of fathers. But my stay here is now at an end, in accordance with the agreement that was made. (BORI: 1-092-48)
[PV-KDV:01_011_77]
अहं गङ्गा जह्नुसुता महर्षिगणसेविता। देवकार्यार्थसिद्ध्यर्थमुषिटाहं त्वया सह ॥BORI: १-०९२-४९॥
ahaṁ gaṅgā jahnusutā maharṣigaṇasēvitā। dēvakāryārthasiddhyarthamuṣiṭāhaṁ tvayā saha ॥BORI: 1-092-49॥
I am Ganga, daughter of Jahnu, attended by hosts of great seers. I have lived with you in order to accomplish the gods’ purpose. (BORI: 1-092-49)
[PV-KDV:01_011_78]
अष्टे मे वसवो देवा महाभागा महौजसः। वसिष्ठ-शाप-दोषेण मानुषत्वम् उपागताः ॥BORI: १-०९२-५०॥
aṣṭē mē vasavō dēvā mahābhāgā mahaujasaḥ। vasiṣṭha-śāpa-dōṣēṇa mānuṣatvam upāgatāḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-50॥
The eight gods known as the Vasus, greatly blessed and immensely powerful, have become human because of the curse laid upon them by Vasiṣṭha. (BORI: 1-092-50)
[PV-KDV:01_011_79]
तेषां जनयिता नान्यस्त्वदृते भुवि विद्यते। मद्विधा मानुषी धात्री न चैवास्तीह काचन ॥BORI: १-०९२-५१॥
tēṣāṁ janayitā nānyastvadr̥tē bhuvi vidyatē। madvidhā mānuṣī dhātrī na caivāstīha kācana ॥BORI: 1-092-51॥
There is no one on earth but you who can father them, nor is there any human woman like me to bear them. (BORI: 1-092-51)
[PV-KDV:01_011_80]
तस्मात्तज्जननीहेतोर्मानुषत्वमुपागता। जनयित्वा वसूनष्टौ जिता लोकास्त्वयाक्षयाः ॥BORI: १-०९२-५२॥
tasmāttajjananīhētōrmānuṣatvamupāgatā। janayitvā vasūnaṣṭau jitā lōkāstvayākṣayāḥ ॥BORI: 1-092-52॥
Therefore you assumed human form in order to become their mother. By giving birth to the eight Vasus, you have won imperishable worlds. (BORI: 1-092-52)
[PV-KDV:01_011_81]
देवानां समयस्त्वेष वसूनां संश्रुतो मया। जातं जातं मोक्षयिष्ये जन्मतः मानुषादिति ॥BORI: १-०९२-५३॥
dēvānāṁ samayastvēṣa vasūnāṁ saṁśrutō mayā। jātaṁ jātaṁ mōkṣayiṣyē janmataḥ mānuṣāditi ॥BORI: 1-092-53॥
But this was the agreement I had made with the gods, the Vasus: “I shall release each one, as soon as he is born, from human birth.” (BORI: 1-092-53)
[PV-KDV:01_011_82]
तत्ते शापाद्विनिर्मुक्ता आपवस्य महात्मनः। स्वस्ति तेऽस्तु गमिष्यामि पुत्रं पाहि महाव्रतम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-५४॥
tattē śāpādvinirmuktā āpavasya mahātmanaḥ। svasti tē’stu gamiṣyāmi putraṁ pāhi mahāvratam ॥BORI: 1-092-54॥
Thus they have been freed from the curse of the great-souled Apava. May all be well with you. I shall go; protect this son, a keeper of great vows. (BORI: 1-092-54)
[PV-KDV:01_011_83]
एष पर्यायवासो मे वसूनां संनिधौ कृतः। मत्प्रसूतं विजानीहि गङ्गादत्तमिमं सुतम् ॥BORI: १-०९२-५५॥
ēṣa paryāyavāsō mē vasūnāṁ saṁnidhau kr̥taḥ। matprasūtaṁ vijānīhi gaṅgādattamimaṁ sutam ॥BORI: 1-092-55॥
My appointed sojourn among the Vasus is now complete. Know that this son was born of me and given by Ganga. (BORI: 1-092-55)
[PV-KDV:01_011_84]
यः स्वदारान्परित्यज्य पारक्यां सेवते स्त्रियम् । निरयान्नैव मुच्यते यावदाभूतसंप्लवम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-७॥
yaḥ svadārānparityajya pārakyāṁ sēvatē striyam । nirayānnaiva mucyatē yāvadābhūtasaṁplavam ॥KUMB: 1-103-7॥
A man who abandons his own wife and consorts with another man’s wife is never released from hell until the dissolution of all beings. (KUMB: 1-103-7)
[PV-SVO:01_011_85]
श्रिया परमया युक्तः शरच्छुक्ले यथा शशी । ततस्तु दशमे मासि प्राजायत रविप्रभम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-२०॥
śriyā paramayā yuktaḥ śaracchuklē yathā śaśī । tatastu daśamē māsi prājāyata raviprabham ॥KUMB: 1-103-20॥
Endowed with surpassing splendor, like the moon in autumn’s bright fortnight, he was then born in the tenth month, radiant as the sun. (KUMB: 1-103-20)
[PV-SVO:01_011_86]
जातकर्मादि विप्रेण वेदोक्तैः कर्मभिस्तदा । नामकर्म च विप्रास्तु चक्रुः परमसत्कृतम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-२३॥
jātakarmādi viprēṇa vēdōktaiḥ karmabhistadā । nāmakarma ca viprāstu cakruḥ paramasatkr̥tam ॥KUMB: 1-103-23॥
At that time, a Brahmin performed the birth rite and the other ceremonies prescribed by the Veda; and the Brahmins performed the most solemn naming rite… (KUMB: 1-103-23)
[PV-SVO:01_011_87]
शान्तनोरवनीपाल वेदोक्तैः कर्मभिस्तदा । ततः संवर्धितो राजा शान्तनुर्लोकधार्मिकः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-२४॥
śāntanōravanīpāla vēdōktaiḥ karmabhistadā । tataḥ saṁvardhitō rājā śāntanurlōkadhārmikaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-24॥
for Shantanu, O king, with the rites prescribed by the Veda at that time. Thereafter King Shantanu, observant of the customs of the world, was brought up. (KUMB: 1-103-24)
[PV-SVO:01_011_88]
स तु लेभे परां निष्ठां प्राप्य धर्मभृतां वरः । धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च गतिं स परमा गतः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-२५॥
sa tu lēbhē parāṁ niṣṭhāṁ prāpya dharmabhr̥tāṁ varaḥ । dhanurvēdē ca vēdē ca gatiṁ sa paramā gataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-25॥
Upon reaching maturity, that foremost upholder of dharma attained the highest perfection and achieved supreme mastery of both the science of archery and the Veda. (KUMB: 1-103-25)
[PV-SVO:01_011_89]
पीनस्कन्धो महाबाहुर्मत्तवारणविक्रमः । अन्वितः परिपूर्णार्थैः सर्वैर्नृपतिलक्षणैः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३३॥
pīnaskandhō mahābāhurmattavāraṇavikramaḥ । anvitaḥ paripūrṇārthaiḥ sarvairnr̥patilakṣaṇaiḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-33॥
Broad-shouldered and mighty-armed, with the prowess of a rutting elephant, endowed with all the marks of kingship in their full perfection… (KUMB: 1-103-33)
[PV-SVO:01_011_90]
अमात्यलक्षणोपेतः क्षत्रधर्मविशेषवित् । वशे चक्रे महीमेको विजित्य वसुधाधिपान् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३४॥
amātyalakṣaṇōpētaḥ kṣatradharmaviśēṣavit । vaśē cakrē mahīmēkō vijitya vasudhādhipān ॥KUMB: 1-103-34॥
Endowed with the qualities of a statesman and thoroughly versed in the duties of a Kshatriya, he single-handedly brought the earth under his sway after conquering its rulers. (KUMB: 1-103-34)
[PV-SVO:01_011_91]
वेदानागमयत्कृत्स्नान्राजधर्मांश्च सर्वशः । ईजे च बहुभिः सत्रैः क्रतुभिर्भूरिदक्षिणैः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३५॥
vēdānāgamayatkr̥tsnānrājadharmāṁśca sarvaśaḥ । ījē ca bahubhiḥ satraiḥ kratubhirbhūridakṣiṇaiḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-35॥
He mastered all the Vedas and every aspect of royal duty, and performed many sacrificial rites and ceremonies with abundant gifts. (KUMB: 1-103-35)
[PV-SVO:01_011_92]
तर्पयामास विप्रांश्च वेदाध्ययनकोविदान् । रत्नैरुच्चावचैर्गोभिर्ग्रामैरश्वैर्धनैरपि ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३६॥
tarpayāmāsa viprāṁśca vēdādhyayanakōvidān । ratnairuccāvacairgōbhirgrāmairaśvairdhanairapi ॥KUMB: 1-103-36॥
He gratified the Brahmins skilled in Vedic study with precious stones of every kind, cattle, villages, horses, and wealth. (KUMB: 1-103-36)
[PV-SVO:01_011_93]
वयोरूपेण संपन्नः पौरुषेण बलेन च । ऐश्वर्येण प्रतापेन विक्रमेण धनेन च ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३७॥
vayōrūpēṇa saṁpannaḥ pauruṣēṇa balēna ca । aiśvaryēṇa pratāpēna vikramēṇa dhanēna ca ॥KUMB: 1-103-37॥
Endowed with youth and beauty, manliness and strength, sovereignty, majesty, valor, and wealth... (KUMB: 1-103-37)
[PV-SVO:01_011_94]
वर्तमानश्च सत्येन सर्वधर्मविशारदः । तं महीपं महीपाला राजराजमकुर्वत ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३८॥
vartamānaśca satyēna sarvadharmaviśāradaḥ । taṁ mahīpaṁ mahīpālā rājarājamakurvata ॥KUMB: 1-103-38॥
Abiding in truth and well versed in every duty, that king was made king of kings by the other kings. (KUMB: 1-103-38)
[PV-SVO:01_011_95]
वीतशोकभयाबाधाः सुखस्वप्नप्रबोधाः । श्रिया भरतशार्दूल समपद्यन्त भूमिपाः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-३९॥
vītaśōkabhayābādhāḥ sukhasvapnaprabōdhāḥ । śriyā bharataśārdūla samapadyanta bhūmipāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-39॥
O tiger among the Bharatas, the kings became free from grief, fear, and illness; their sleep and waking were pleasant, and they prospered. (KUMB: 1-103-39)
[PV-SVO:01_011_96]
नियमैः सर्ववर्णानां ब्रह्मोत्तरमवर्तत । ब्राह्मणाभिमुखं क्षत्रं क्षत्रियाभिमुखा विशः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-४०॥
niyamaiḥ sarvavarṇānāṁ brahmōttaramavartata । brāhmaṇābhimukhaṁ kṣatraṁ kṣatriyābhimukhā viśaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-40॥
Through the observance of the rules governing all the classes, Brahmin preeminence prevailed. The Kshatriya order looked to the Brahmins, and the Vaishyas to the Kshatriyas. (KUMB: 1-103-40)
[PV-SVO:01_011_97]
ब्रह्मक्षत्रानुकूलांश्च शूद्राः पर्यचरन्विशः । एवं पशुवराहाणां तथैव मृगपक्षिणाम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-४१॥
brahmakṣatrānukūlāṁśca śūdrāḥ paryacaranviśaḥ । ēvaṁ paśuvarāhāṇāṁ tathaiva mr̥gapakṣiṇām ॥KUMB: 1-103-41॥
The Shudras, in turn, served the Vaishyas, who were well disposed toward Brahmanas and Kshatriyas. So too in the case of livestock and boars, and likewise of wild animals and birds... (KUMB: 1-103-41)
[PV-SVO:01_011_98]
शान्तनावथ राज्यस्थे नावर्तत वृथा वधः । असुखानामनाथानां तिर्यग्योनिषु वर्तताम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-४२॥
śāntanāvatha rājyasthē nāvartata vr̥thā vadhaḥ । asukhānāmanāthānāṁ tiryagyōniṣu vartatām ॥KUMB: 1-103-42॥
Then, while Shantanu was on the throne, there was no wanton killing of wretched, unprotected creatures living in animal forms. (KUMB: 1-103-42)
[PV-SVO:01_011_99]
स एव राजा सर्वेषां भूतानामभवत्पिता । स हस्तिनाम्नि धर्मात्मा विहरन्कुरुनन्दनः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-४३॥
sa ēva rājā sarvēṣāṁ bhūtānāmabhavatpitā । sa hastināmni dharmātmā viharankurunandanaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-43॥
That king became a father to all beings. As the righteous joy of the Kurus dwelt in Hastina... (KUMB: 1-103-43)
[PV-SVO:01_011_100]
तेजसा सूर्यकल्पोऽभूद्वायुना च समो बले । अन्तकप्रतिमः कोपे क्षमया पृथिवीसमः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-४४॥
tējasā sūryakalpō’bhūdvāyunā ca samō balē । antakapratimaḥ kōpē kṣamayā pr̥thivīsamaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-44॥
In splendor he was like the sun, and in strength the equal of the wind; in anger he resembled Death, and in forbearance he was like the earth. (KUMB: 1-103-44)
[PV-SVO:01_011_101]
प्रकीर्णकेशीं पाणिभ्यां संस्पृशन्तीं शिरोरुहान् । रूपेण वयसा कान्त्या शरीरावयवैस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५०॥
prakīrṇakēśīṁ pāṇibhyāṁ saṁspr̥śantīṁ śirōruhān । rūpēṇa vayasā kāntyā śarīrāvayavaistathā ॥KUMB: 1-103-50॥
her hair dishevelled, touching her locks with both hands; in beauty, youth, charm, and bodily proportions... (KUMB: 1-103-50)
[PV-SVO:01_011_102]
हावभावविलासैश्च लोचनाञ्चलविक्रियैः । श्रोणीभारेण मध्येन स्तनाभ्यामुरसा दृशा ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५१॥
hāvabhāvavilāsaiśca lōcanāñcalavikriyaiḥ । śrōṇībhārēṇa madhyēna stanābhyāmurasā dr̥śā ॥KUMB: 1-103-51॥
with her gestures, expressions, and graceful movements, the play of the corners of her eyes, the fullness of her hips, her waist, breasts, bosom, and gaze... (KUMB: 1-103-51)
[PV-SVO:01_011_103]
कवरीभरेण पादाभ्यामिङ्गितेन स्मितेन च । कोकिलालापसंल्लापैर्न्यक्कुर्वन्तीं त्रिलोकगाम् ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५२॥
kavarībharēṇa pādābhyāmiṅgitēna smitēna ca । kōkilālāpasaṁllāpairnyakkurvantīṁ trilōkagām ॥KUMB: 1-103-52॥
With the luxuriance of her hair, her feet, her gestures, and her smile, and with conversation like the cuckoo’s song, putting to shame one who ranges through the three worlds… (KUMB: 1-103-52)
[PV-SVO:01_011_104]
वाणीं च गिरिजां लक्ष्मीं योषितोन्याः सुराङ्गनाः । सा च शान्तनुमब्यागादलक्ष्मीमपकर्षती ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५३॥
vāṇīṁ ca girijāṁ lakṣmīṁ yōṣitōnyāḥ surāṅganāḥ । sā ca śāntanumabyāgādalakṣmīmapakarṣatī ॥KUMB: 1-103-53॥
Vani, Girija, Lakshmi, other women, and celestial maidens… She approached Shantanu, driving misfortune away. (KUMB: 1-103-53)
[PV-SVO:01_011_105]
गङ्गा कामेन राजानं प्रेक्षमाणा विलासिनी । चञ्चूर्यताग्रतस्तस्य किन्नरीवाप्सरोपमा ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५६॥
gaṅgā kāmēna rājānaṁ prēkṣamāṇā vilāsinī । cañcūryatāgratastasya kinnarīvāpsarōpamā ॥KUMB: 1-103-56॥
The graceful Ganga gazed desirously at the king and moved playfully before him, like a Kinnari, resembling an Apsaras. (KUMB: 1-103-56)
[PV-SVO:01_011_106]
दृष्ट्वा प्रहृष्टरूपोऽभूद्दर्शनादेव शान्तनुः । रूपेणातीत्य तिष्ठन्तीं सर्वा राजन्ययोषितः ॥KUMB: १-१०३-५७॥
dr̥ṣṭvā prahr̥ṣṭarūpō’bhūddarśanādēva śāntanuḥ । rūpēṇātītya tiṣṭhantīṁ sarvā rājanyayōṣitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-103-57॥
Seeing her, who stood there surpassing all royal women in beauty, Shantanu was filled with delight at the very sight of her. (KUMB: 1-103-57)
[PV-SVO:01_011_107]
प्रजार्थिनी राजपुत्रं शान्तनुं पृथिवीपतिम् । प्रतीपवचनं चापि संस्मृत्यैव स्वयं नृपम् ॥KUMB: १-१०४-३॥
prajārthinī rājaputraṁ śāntanuṁ pr̥thivīpatim । pratīpavacanaṁ cāpi saṁsmr̥tyaiva svayaṁ nr̥pam ॥KUMB: 1-104-3॥
Desiring children and remembering Pratīpa’s words, she herself—to Prince Śāntanu, king and lord of the earth… (KUMB: 1-104-3)
[PV-SVO:01_011_108]
प्रतिज्ञाय तु तत्तस्यास्तथेति मनुजाधिपः । रथमारोप्य तां देवीं जगाम स तया सह ॥KUMB: १-१०४-१०॥
pratijñāya tu tattasyāstathēti manujādhipaḥ । rathamārōpya tāṁ dēvīṁ jagāma sa tayā saha ॥KUMB: 1-104-10॥
The king promised her that it would be so, then helped the noble lady onto his chariot and departed with her. (KUMB: 1-104-10)
[PV-SVO:01_011_109]
स्मरन्पितृवचश्चैव नापृच्छत्पुत्रकिल्बिषम् । जाताञ्जातांश्च वै हन्ति सा स्त्री सप्त वरान्सुतान् ॥KUMB: १-१०५-७॥
smaranpitr̥vacaścaiva nāpr̥cchatputrakilbiṣam । jātāñjātāṁśca vai hanti sā strī sapta varānsutān ॥KUMB: 1-105-7॥
Remembering his father’s words, he did not question her about the crime against his sons. As each was born, that woman killed seven excellent sons. (KUMB: 1-105-7)
[PV-SVO:01_011_110]
शान्तनुर्धर्मभङ्गाच्च नापृच्छत्तां कथंचन । अष्टमं तु जिघांसन्त्यां चुक्षुभे शान्तनोर्धृतिः ॥KUMB: १-१०५-८॥
śāntanurdharmabhaṅgācca nāpr̥cchattāṁ kathaṁcana । aṣṭamaṁ tu jighāṁsantyāṁ cukṣubhē śāntanōrdhr̥tiḥ ॥KUMB: 1-105-8॥
For fear of violating his duty, Shantanu never questioned her; but when she was about to kill the eighth, his resolve faltered. (KUMB: 1-105-8)
[PV-SVO:01_011_111]
आलभन्तीं तदा दृष्ट्वा तां स कौरवनन्दनः । अब्रवीद्भरतश्रेष्ठो वाक्यं परमदुःखितः ॥KUMB: १-१०५-१०॥
ālabhantīṁ tadā dr̥ṣṭvā tāṁ sa kauravanandanaḥ । abravīdbharataśrēṣṭhō vākyaṁ paramaduḥkhitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-105-10॥
Then, seeing her about to kill him, that delight of the Kuru line, the best of the Bharatas, spoke these words in profound distress: (KUMB: 1-105-10)
[PV-SVO:01_011_112]
अयं तव सुतस्तेषां वीर्येण कुलनन्दनः । संभूतोतिजनं कर्म करिष्यति न संशयः ॥KUMB: १-१०५-१९॥
ayaṁ tava sutastēṣāṁ vīryēṇa kulanandanaḥ । saṁbhūtōtijanaṁ karma kariṣyati na saṁśayaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-105-19॥
This son of yours, the joy of the family, born through their power, will perform a superhuman deed—there is no doubt. (KUMB: 1-105-19)
[PV-SVO:01_011_113]
आपवो नाम को न्वेष वसूनां किं च दुष्कृतम्। यस्याभिशापात्ते सर्वे मानुषीं तनुमागताः ॥BORI: १-०९३-१॥
āpavō nāma kō nvēṣa vasūnāṁ kiṁ ca duṣkr̥tam। yasyābhiśāpāttē sarvē mānuṣīṁ tanumāgatāḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-1॥
Who is this one among the Vasus named Āpava, and what wrong did he commit, through whose curse you have all assumed human form? (BORI: 1-093-1)
[PV-KDV:01_011_114]
अनेन च कुमारेण गङ्गादत्तेन किं कृतम्। यस्य चैव कृतेनायं मानुषेषु निवत्स्यति ॥BORI: १-०९३-२॥
anēna ca kumārēṇa gaṅgādattēna kiṁ kr̥tam। yasya caiva kr̥tēnāyaṁ mānuṣēṣu nivatsyati ॥BORI: 1-093-2॥
And what did this prince, Gangadatta, do that will cause him to dwell among human beings? (BORI: 1-093-2)
[PV-KDV:01_011_115]
ईशानाः सर्वलोकस्य वसवस्ते च वै कथम्। मानुषेषूदपद्यन्त तन्ममाचक्ष्व जाह्नवि ॥BORI: १-०९३-३॥
īśānāḥ sarvalōkasya vasavastē ca vai katham। mānuṣēṣūdapadyanta tanmamācakṣva jāhnavi ॥BORI: 1-093-3॥
And how did those Vasus, lords of all the worlds, come to be born among humans? Tell me that, Jahnavi. (BORI: 1-093-3)
[PV-KDV:01_011_116]
सैवमुक्ता ततो गङ्गा राजानमिदमब्रवीत्। भर्तारं जाह्नवी देवी शन्तनुं पुरुषर्षभम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-४॥
saivamuktā tatō gaṅgā rājānamidamabravīt। bhartāraṁ jāhnavī dēvī śantanuṁ puruṣarṣabham ॥BORI: 1-093-4॥
Thus addressed, the goddess Gaṅgā, daughter of Jahnu, then spoke these words to her husband, King Śantanu, foremost of men: (BORI: 1-093-4)
[PV-KDV:01_011_117]
यं लेभे वरुणः पुत्रं पुरा भरतसत्तम। वसिष्ठो नाम स मुनिः ख्यात आपव इत्युत ॥BORI: १-०९३-५॥
yaṁ lēbhē varuṇaḥ putraṁ purā bharatasattama। vasiṣṭhō nāma sa muniḥ khyāta āpava ityuta ॥BORI: 1-093-5॥
O best of the Bharatas, the son whom Varuna obtained long ago was the sage named Vasishtha, also known as Apava. (BORI: 1-093-5)
[PV-KDV:01_011_118]
तस्याश्रमपदं पुण्यं मृगपक्षिगणान्वितम्। मेरोः पार्श्वे नगेन्द्रस्य सर्वर्तुकुसुमावृतम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-६॥
tasyāśramapadaṁ puṇyaṁ mr̥gapakṣigaṇānvitam। mērōḥ pārśvē nagēndrasya sarvartukusumāvr̥tam ॥BORI: 1-093-6॥
His sacred hermitage stood on the slope of Meru, king of mountains, inhabited by herds of deer and flocks of birds and covered with flowers of every season. (BORI: 1-093-6)
[PV-KDV:01_011_119]
स वारुणिस्तपस्तेपे तस्मिन्भरतसत्तम। वने पुण्यकृतां श्रेष्ठः स्वादुमूलफलोदके ॥BORI: १-०९३-७॥
sa vāruṇistapastēpē tasminbharatasattama। vanē puṇyakr̥tāṁ śrēṣṭhaḥ svādumūlaphalōdakē ॥BORI: 1-093-7॥
The son of Varuṇa, foremost among the virtuous, practiced austerities in that forest, O best of the Bharatas, where the roots, fruits, and water were sweet. (BORI: 1-093-7)
[PV-KDV:01_011_120]
दक्षस्य दुहिता या तु सुरभीत्यतिगर्विता। गां प्रजाता तु सा देवी कश्यपाद्भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०९३-८॥
dakṣasya duhitā yā tu surabhītyatigarvitā। gāṁ prajātā tu sā dēvī kaśyapādbharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-093-8॥
Daksha’s daughter, the exceedingly proud goddess named Surabhi, bore Kashyapa a cow, O bull of Bharata’s line— (BORI: 1-093-8)
[PV-KDV:01_011_121]
अनुग्रहार्थं जगतः सर्वकामदुघां वराम्। तां लेभे गां तु धर्मात्मा होमधेनुं स वारुणिः ॥BORI: १-०९३-९॥
anugrahārthaṁ jagataḥ sarvakāmadughāṁ varām। tāṁ lēbhē gāṁ tu dharmātmā hōmadhēnuṁ sa vāruṇiḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-9॥
…for the benefit of the world—an excellent cow that yielded every desired thing. The righteous Varuni obtained her as his sacrificial cow. (BORI: 1-093-9)
[PV-KDV:01_011_122]
सा तस्मिंस्तापसारण्ये वसन्ती मुनिसेविते। चचार रम्ये धर्म्ये च गौरपेतभया तदा ॥BORI: १-०९३-१०॥
sā tasmiṁstāpasāraṇyē vasantī munisēvitē। cacāra ramyē dharmyē ca gaurapētabhayā tadā ॥BORI: 1-093-10॥
Living in that ascetic grove frequented by sages, the cow then roamed its delightful, holy grounds without fear. (BORI: 1-093-10)
[PV-KDV:01_011_123]
अथ तद्वनमाजग्मुः कदाचिद्भरतर्षभ। पृथ्वाद्या वसवः सर्वे देवदेवर्षिसेवितम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-११॥
atha tadvanamājagmuḥ kadācidbharatarṣabha। pr̥thvādyā vasavaḥ sarvē dēvadēvarṣisēvitam ॥BORI: 1-093-11॥
Then one day, O bull of Bharata’s line, all the Vasus, Prithu and the others, came to that forest, which was frequented by gods and divine seers. (BORI: 1-093-11)
[PV-KDV:01_011_124]
ते सदारा वनं तच्च व्यचरन्त समन्ततः। रेमिरे रमणीयेषु पर्वतेषु वनेषु च ॥BORI: १-०९३-१२॥
tē sadārā vanaṁ tacca vyacaranta samantataḥ। rēmirē ramaṇīyēṣu parvatēṣu vanēṣu ca ॥BORI: 1-093-12॥
Accompanied by their wives, they roamed throughout that forest and delighted in its lovely mountains and woods. (BORI: 1-093-12)
[PV-KDV:01_011_125]
तत्रैकस्य तु भार्या वै वसोर्वासवविक्रम। सा चरन्ती वने तस्मिन्गां ददर्श सुमध्यमा । या सा वसिष्ठस्य मुनेः सर्वकामधुगुत्तमा ॥BORI: १-०९३-१३॥
tatraikasya tu bhāryā vai vasōrvāsavavikrama। sā carantī vanē tasmingāṁ dadarśa sumadhyamā । yā sā vasiṣṭhasya munēḥ sarvakāmadhuguttamā ॥BORI: 1-093-13॥
There, O you of Indra-like valor, the slender-waisted wife of one of the Vasus, while roaming through that forest, saw the sage Vasiṣṭha’s excellent cow, which granted every desire. (BORI: 1-093-13)
[PV-KDV:01_011_126]
सा विस्मयसमाविष्टा शीलद्रविणसम्पदा। दिवे वै दर्शयामास तां गां गोवृषभेक्षण ॥BORI: १-०९३-१४॥
sā vismayasamāviṣṭā śīladraviṇasampadā। divē vai darśayāmāsa tāṁ gāṁ gōvr̥ṣabhēkṣaṇa ॥BORI: 1-093-14॥
Filled with wonder at the cow’s wealth of fine qualities, she showed her to Dyu, O bull-eyed one. (BORI: 1-093-14)
[PV-KDV:01_011_127]
स्वापीनां च सुदोग्ध्रीं च सुवालधिमुखां शुभाम्। उपपन्नां गुणैः सर्वैः शीलेनानुत्तमेन च ॥BORI: १-०९३-१५॥
svāpīnāṁ ca sudōgdhrīṁ ca suvāladhimukhāṁ śubhām। upapannāṁ guṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ śīlēnānuttamēna ca ॥BORI: 1-093-15॥
beautiful, with a fine udder, yielding abundant milk, with a lovely tail and face, endowed with every virtue and unsurpassed character... (BORI: 1-093-15)
[PV-KDV:01_011_128]
एवङ्गुणसमायुक्तां वसवे वसुनन्दिनी। दर्शयामास राजेन्द्र पुरा पौरवनन्दन ॥BORI: १-०९३-१६॥
ēvaṅguṇasamāyuktāṁ vasavē vasunandinī। darśayāmāsa rājēndra purā pauravanandana ॥BORI: 1-093-16॥
Long ago, O king, delight of Puru’s line, the Vasu’s wife showed him the cow endowed with such qualities. (BORI: 1-093-16)
[PV-KDV:01_011_129]
द्यौस्तदा तां तु दृष्ट्वैव गां गजेन्द्रेन्द्रविक्रम। उवाच राजंस्तां देवीं तस्या रूपगुणान्वदन् ॥BORI: १-०९३-१७॥
dyaustadā tāṁ tu dr̥ṣṭvaiva gāṁ gajēndrēndravikrama। uvāca rājaṁstāṁ dēvīṁ tasyā rūpaguṇānvadan ॥BORI: 1-093-17॥
Then, as soon as Dyaus saw that cow, O king, mighty as the lord of elephants, he spoke to the goddess, describing the cow’s beauty and virtues: (BORI: 1-093-17)
[PV-KDV:01_011_130]
एषा गौरुत्तमा देवि वारुणेरसितेक्षणे। ऋषेस्तस्य वरारोहे यस्येदं वनमुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-१८॥
ēṣā gauruttamā dēvi vāruṇērasitēkṣaṇē। r̥ṣēstasya varārōhē yasyēdaṁ vanamuttamam ॥BORI: 1-093-18॥
This excellent cow, O dark-eyed goddess, belongs to the sage whose splendid forest this is, O lovely-waisted one. (BORI: 1-093-18)
[PV-KDV:01_011_131]
अस्याः क्षीरं पिबेन्मर्त्यः स्वादु यो वै सुमध्यमे। दश वर्षसहस्राणि स जीवेत्स्थिरयौवनः ॥BORI: १-०९३-१९॥
asyāḥ kṣīraṁ pibēnmartyaḥ svādu yō vai sumadhyamē। daśa varṣasahasrāṇi sa jīvētsthirayauvanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-19॥
O slender-waisted lady, any mortal who drinks this cow’s sweet milk will live for ten thousand years, retaining his youth. (BORI: 1-093-19)
[PV-KDV:01_011_132]
एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु सा देवी नृपोत्तम सुमध्यमा। तमुवाचानवद्याङ्गी भर्तारं दीप्ततेजसम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-२०॥
ētacchrutvā tu sā dēvī nr̥pōttama sumadhyamā। tamuvācānavadyāṅgī bhartāraṁ dīptatējasam ॥BORI: 1-093-20॥
Hearing this, O best of kings, the lovely goddess of slender waist addressed her radiant husband: (BORI: 1-093-20)
[PV-KDV:01_011_133]
अस्ति मे मानुषे लोके नरदेवात्मजा सखी। नाम्ना जिनवती नाम रूपयौवनशालिनी ॥BORI: १-०९३-२१॥
asti mē mānuṣē lōkē naradēvātmajā sakhī। nāmnā jinavatī nāma rūpayauvanaśālinī ॥BORI: 1-093-21॥
In the human world I have a friend, a king’s daughter, named Jinavati, who is endowed with beauty and youth. (BORI: 1-093-21)
[PV-KDV:01_011_134]
उशीनरस्य राजर्षेः सत्यसन्धस्य धीमतः। दुहिता प्रथिता लोके मानुषे रूपसम्पदा ॥BORI: १-०९३-२२॥
uśīnarasya rājarṣēḥ satyasandhasya dhīmataḥ। duhitā prathitā lōkē mānuṣē rūpasampadā ॥BORI: 1-093-22॥
the daughter of the wise royal sage Uśīnara, true to his word, renowned in the human world for her beauty. (BORI: 1-093-22)
[PV-KDV:01_011_135]
तस्या हेतोर्महाभाग सवत्सां गां ममेप्सिताम्। आनयस्वामरश्रेष्ठ त्वरितं पुण्यवर्धन ॥BORI: १-०९३-२३॥
tasyā hētōrmahābhāga savatsāṁ gāṁ mamēpsitām। ānayasvāmaraśrēṣṭha tvaritaṁ puṇyavardhana ॥BORI: 1-093-23॥
For her sake, O greatly fortunate one, quickly bring me the cow with her calf that I desire, O best of the immortals, increaser of merit. (BORI: 1-093-23)
[PV-KDV:01_011_136]
यावदस्याः पयः पीत्वा सा सखी मम मानद। मानुषेषु भवत्वेका जरारोगविवर्जिता ॥BORI: १-०९३-२४॥
yāvadasyāḥ payaḥ pītvā sā sakhī mama mānada। mānuṣēṣu bhavatvēkā jarārōgavivarjitā ॥BORI: 1-093-24॥
So that, after drinking her milk, that friend of mine may alone among mortals be free from old age and disease, O bestower of honor. (BORI: 1-093-24)
[PV-KDV:01_011_137]
एतन्मम महाभाग कर्तुमर्हस्यनिन्दित। प्रियं प्रियतरं ह्यस्मान्नास्ति मेऽन्यत्कथञ्चन ॥BORI: १-०९३-२५॥
ētanmama mahābhāga kartumarhasyanindita। priyaṁ priyataraṁ hyasmānnāsti mē’nyatkathañcana ॥BORI: 1-093-25॥
O illustrious, blameless one, you should do this for me, for there is nothing you could do that would please me more than this. (BORI: 1-093-25)
[PV-KDV:01_011_138]
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचस्तस्या देव्याः प्रियचिकीर्षया। पृथ्वाद्यैर्भ्रातृभिः सार्धं द्यौस्तदा तां जहार गाम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-२६॥
ētacchrutvā vacastasyā dēvyāḥ priyacikīrṣayā। pr̥thvādyairbhrātr̥bhiḥ sārdhaṁ dyaustadā tāṁ jahāra gām ॥BORI: 1-093-26॥
Hearing the goddess’s words and wishing to please her, Dyaus, together with his brothers Prithu and the others, then stole that cow. (BORI: 1-093-26)
[PV-KDV:01_011_139]
तया कमलपत्राक्ष्या नियुक्तो द्यौस्तदा नृप। ऋषेस्तस्य तपस्तीव्रं न शशाक निरीक्षितुम् । हृता गौः सा तदा तेन प्रपातस्तु न तर्कितः ॥BORI: १-०९३-२७॥
tayā kamalapatrākṣyā niyuktō dyaustadā nr̥pa। r̥ṣēstasya tapastīvraṁ na śaśāka nirīkṣitum । hr̥tā gauḥ sā tadā tēna prapātastu na tarkitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-27॥
Thus urged by the lotus-eyed woman, Dyu, O king, failed to take the sage’s severe ascetic power into account. He stole the cow, never anticipating his downfall. (BORI: 1-093-27)
[PV-KDV:01_011_140]
अथाश्रमपदं प्राप्तः फलान्यादाय वारुणिः। न चापश्यत गां तत्र सवत्सां काननोत्तमे ॥BORI: १-०९३-२८॥
athāśramapadaṁ prāptaḥ phalānyādāya vāruṇiḥ। na cāpaśyata gāṁ tatra savatsāṁ kānanōttamē ॥BORI: 1-093-28॥
Then Vāruṇi returned to the hermitage with fruit, but in that excellent forest he did not see the cow with her calf. (BORI: 1-093-28)
[PV-KDV:01_011_141]
ततः स मृगयामास वने तस्मिंस्तपोधनः। नाध्यगच्छच्च मृगयंस्तां गां मुनिरुदारधीः ॥BORI: १-०९३-२९॥
tataḥ sa mr̥gayāmāsa vanē tasmiṁstapōdhanaḥ। nādhyagacchacca mr̥gayaṁstāṁ gāṁ munirudāradhīḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-29॥
Then the ascetic searched for her in that forest, but though he searched, the noble-minded sage could not find the cow. (BORI: 1-093-29)
[PV-KDV:01_011_142]
ज्ञात्वा तथापनीतां तां वसुभिर्दिव्यदर्शनः। ययौ क्रोधवशं सद्यः शशाप च वसूंस्तदा ॥BORI: १-०९३-३०॥
jñātvā tathāpanītāṁ tāṁ vasubhirdivyadarśanaḥ। yayau krōdhavaśaṁ sadyaḥ śaśāpa ca vasūṁstadā ॥BORI: 1-093-30॥
Realizing through his divine sight that the Vasus had carried her away, he was immediately overcome by anger and then cursed them. (BORI: 1-093-30)
[PV-KDV:01_011_143]
यस्मान्मे वसवो जह्रुर्गां वै दोग्ध्रीं सुवालधिम्। तस्मात्सर्वे जनिष्यन्ति मानुषेषु न संशयः ॥BORI: १-०९३-३१॥
yasmānmē vasavō jahrurgāṁ vai dōgdhrīṁ suvāladhim। tasmātsarvē janiṣyanti mānuṣēṣu na saṁśayaḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-31॥
“Since you Vasus have stolen my milk-giving cow with the fine tail, you shall all be born among human beings—of this there is no doubt.” (BORI: 1-093-31)
[PV-KDV:01_011_144]
एवं शशाप भगवान्वसूंस्तान्मुनिसत्तमः। वशं कोपस्य सम्प्राप्त आपवो भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०९३-३२॥
ēvaṁ śaśāpa bhagavānvasūṁstānmunisattamaḥ। vaśaṁ kōpasya samprāpta āpavō bharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-093-32॥
Thus the blessed Āpava, that foremost of sages, having fallen under the sway of anger, cursed those Vasus, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-093-32)
[PV-KDV:01_011_145]
शप्त्वा च तान्महाभागस्तपस्येव मनो दधे। एवं स शप्तवान्राजन्वसूनष्टौ तपोधनः। महाप्रभावो ब्रह्मर्षिर्देवान्रोषसमन्वितः ॥BORI: १-०९३-३३॥
śaptvā ca tānmahābhāgastapasyēva manō dadhē। ēvaṁ sa śaptavānrājanvasūnaṣṭau tapōdhanaḥ। mahāprabhāvō brahmarṣirdēvānrōṣasamanvitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-33॥
Having cursed them, the illustrious sage fixed his mind once more on his austerities. Thus, O king, that ascetic rich in austerity—the Brahmarṣi of immense power—cursed the eight Vasus, filled with wrath against the gods. (BORI: 1-093-33)
[PV-KDV:01_011_146]
अथाश्रमपदं प्राप्य तं स्म भूयो महात्मनः। शप्ताः स्म इति जानन्त ऋषिं तमुपचक्रमुः ॥BORI: १-०९३-३४॥
athāśramapadaṁ prāpya taṁ sma bhūyō mahātmanaḥ। śaptāḥ sma iti jānanta r̥ṣiṁ tamupacakramuḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-34॥
Then, having reached the hermitage, those great-souled ones, aware that they had been cursed, approached that sage once more. (BORI: 1-093-34)
[PV-KDV:01_011_147]
प्रसादयन्तस्तमृषिं वसवः पार्थिवर्षभ। न लेभिरे च तस्मात्ते प्रसादमृषिसत्तमात्। आपवात्पुरुषव्याघ्र सर्वधर्मविशारदात् ॥BORI: १-०९३-३५॥
prasādayantastamr̥ṣiṁ vasavaḥ pārthivarṣabha। na lēbhirē ca tasmāttē prasādamr̥ṣisattamāt। āpavātpuruṣavyāghra sarvadharmaviśāradāt ॥BORI: 1-093-35॥
O bull among kings, though the Vasus sought to appease the sage, they obtained no forgiveness from that foremost of sages, Āpava, O tiger among men, who was versed in every dharma. (BORI: 1-093-35)
[PV-KDV:01_011_148]
उवाच च स धर्मात्मा सप्त यूयं धरादयः। अनु संवत्सराच्छापमोक्षं वै समवाप्स्यथ ॥BORI: १-०९३-३६॥
uvāca ca sa dharmātmā sapta yūyaṁ dharādayaḥ। anu saṁvatsarācchāpamōkṣaṁ vai samavāpsyatha ॥BORI: 1-093-36॥
And that righteous man said, “You seven, Dhara and the others, will indeed be released from the curse after one year.” (BORI: 1-093-36)
[PV-KDV:01_011_149]
अयं तु यत्कृते यूयं मया शप्ताः स वत्स्यति। द्यौस्तदा मानुषे लोके दीर्घकालं स्वकर्मणा ॥BORI: १-०९३-३७॥
ayaṁ tu yatkr̥tē yūyaṁ mayā śaptāḥ sa vatsyati। dyaustadā mānuṣē lōkē dīrghakālaṁ svakarmaṇā ॥BORI: 1-093-37॥
But this Dyaus, on whose account I cursed you, will dwell in the human world for a long time because of his own deed. (BORI: 1-093-37)
[PV-KDV:01_011_150]
नानृतं तच्चिकीर्षामि युष्मान्क्रुद्धो यदब्रुवम्। न प्रजास्यति चाप्येष मानुषेषु महामनाः ॥BORI: १-०९३-३८॥
nānr̥taṁ taccikīrṣāmi yuṣmānkruddhō yadabruvam। na prajāsyati cāpyēṣa mānuṣēṣu mahāmanāḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-38॥
I do not wish to make false what I said to you in anger. And this noble-minded one will have no offspring among human beings. (BORI: 1-093-38)
[PV-KDV:01_011_151]
भविष्यति च धर्मात्मा सर्वशास्त्रविशारदः॥BORI: १-०९३-३९॥
bhaviṣyati ca dharmātmā sarvaśāstraviśāradaḥ।॥BORI: 1-093-39॥
He will be righteous and thoroughly versed in all the scriptures. (BORI: 1-093-39A)
[PV-PAN:01_011_152]
The verse is split, as the first half—describing the otherwise poorly disposed Dyaus as well versed in the scriptures—appears to be a later addition, pending further corroboration. The second half independently forms a complete four-pāda anuṣṭubh.
पितुः प्रियहिते युक्तः स्त्रीभोगान्वर्जयिष्यति । एवमुक्त्वा वसून्सर्वाञ्जगाम भगवानृषिः ॥BORI: १-०९३-३९॥
pituḥ priyahitē yuktaḥ strībhōgānvarjayiṣyati । ēvamuktvā vasūnsarvāñjagāma bhagavānr̥ṣiḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-39॥
Devoted to what is dear and beneficial to his father, he will abstain from relations with women. Having said this to all the Vasus, the venerable sage departed.(BORI: 1-093-39B)
[PV-KDV:01_011_153]
ततो मामुपजग्मुस्ते समस्ता वसवस्तदा। अयाचन्त च मां राजन्वरं स च मया कृतः । जाताञ्जातान्प्रक्षिपास्मान्स्वयं गङ्गे त्वमम्भसि ॥BORI: १-०९३-४०॥
tatō māmupajagmustē samastā vasavastadā। ayācanta ca māṁ rājanvaraṁ sa ca mayā kr̥taḥ । jātāñjātānprakṣipāsmānsvayaṁ gaṅgē tvamambhasi ॥BORI: 1-093-40॥
Then all the Vasus came to me together and asked me for a boon, O king, which I granted: “O Ganga, as each of us is born, cast us yourself into the water.” (BORI: 1-093-40)
[PV-KDV:01_011_154]
एवं तेषामहं सम्यक्षप्तानां राजसत्तम। मोक्षार्थं मानुषाल्लोकाद्यथावत्कृतवत्यहम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-४१॥
ēvaṁ tēṣāmahaṁ samyakṣaptānāṁ rājasattama। mōkṣārthaṁ mānuṣāllōkādyathāvatkr̥tavatyaham ॥BORI: 1-093-41॥
Thus, best of kings, I duly did what they, having all been cursed, asked of me, so as to release them from the human world. (BORI: 1-093-41)
[PV-KDV:01_011_155]
अयं शापादृषेस्तस्य एक एव नृपोत्तम। द्यौ राजन्मानुषे लोके चिरं वत्स्यति भारत ॥BORI: १-०९३-४२॥
ayaṁ śāpādr̥ṣēstasya ēka ēva nr̥pōttama। dyau rājanmānuṣē lōkē ciraṁ vatsyati bhārata ॥BORI: 1-093-42॥
O best of kings, this one alone—Dyaus—will, because of that sage’s curse, remain in the human world for a long time, O King, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-093-42)
[PV-KDV:01_011_156]
एतदाख्याय सा देवी तत्रैवान्तरधीयत। आदाय च कुमारं तं जगामाथ यथेप्सितम् ॥BORI: १-०९३-४३॥
ētadākhyāya sā dēvī tatraivāntaradhīyata। ādāya ca kumāraṁ taṁ jagāmātha yathēpsitam ॥BORI: 1-093-43॥
Having told him this, the goddess vanished there and then, taking the boy with her and going wherever she wished. (BORI: 1-093-43)
[PV-KDV:01_011_157]
स तु देवव्रतो नाम गाङ्गेय इति चाभवत्। द्विनामा शन्तनोः पुत्रः शन्तनोरधिको गुणैः ॥BORI: १-०९३-४४॥
sa tu dēvavratō nāma gāṅgēya iti cābhavat। dvināmā śantanōḥ putraḥ śantanōradhikō guṇaiḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-44॥
Śantanu’s son thus came to have two names—Devavrata and Gāṅgeya—and surpassed Śantanu in virtues. (BORI: 1-093-44)
[PV-OTH:01_011_158]
शन्तनुश्चापि शोकार्तो जगाम स्वपुरं ततः॥BORI: १-०९३-४५A॥
śantanuścāpi śōkārtō jagāma svapuraṁ tataḥ ॥BORI: 1-093-45A॥
Then Śantanu, afflicted with grief, returned to his own city. (BORI: 1-093-45A)
[PV-KDV:01_011_159]
तस्याहं कीर्तयिष्यामि शन्तनोरमितान्गुणान् ॥BORI: १-०९३-४५B॥
tasyāhaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi śantanōramitānguṇān ॥BORI: 1-093-45B॥
I shall recount the boundless virtues of Shantanu— (BORI: 1-093-45B)
[PV-OTH:01_011_160]
महाभाग्यं च नृपतेर्भारतस्य यशस्विनः। यस्येतिहासो द्युतिमान्महाभारतमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-०९३-४६॥
mahābhāgyaṁ ca nr̥patērbhāratasya yaśasvinaḥ। yasyētihāsō dyutimānmahābhāratamucyatē ॥BORI: 1-093-46॥
and the great good fortune of the illustrious Bharata king, whose radiant history is called the Mahabharata. (BORI: 1-093-46)
[PV-OTH:01_011_161]
एवं शप्तास्ततस्तेन मुनिना यामुनेन वै । अष्टौ समस्ता वसवो दिवो दोषेण सत्तम ॥KUMB: १-१०६-३५; KUMB: १-१०६-३६॥
ēvaṁ śaptāstatastēna muninā yāmunēna vai । aṣṭau samastā vasavō divō dōṣēṇa sattama ॥KUMB: 1-106-35; KUMB: 1-106-36॥
Thus all eight Vasus were then cursed by that sage of the Yamuna because of Dyu’s offense, O best of men. (KUMB: 1-106-35; KUMB: 1-106-36)
[PV-SVO:01_011_162]
अयं कुमारः पुत्रस्ते विवृद्धः पुनरेष्यति । अहं च ते भविष्यामि आह्वानोपगता नृप ॥KUMB: १-१०६-४७॥
ayaṁ kumāraḥ putrastē vivr̥ddhaḥ punarēṣyati । ahaṁ ca tē bhaviṣyāmi āhvānōpagatā nr̥pa ॥KUMB: 1-106-47॥
This boy, your son, will return to you when he is grown. And I too will come to you when summoned, O king. (KUMB: 1-106-47)
[PV-SVO:01_011_163]
स एवं शन्तनुर्धीमान्देवराजर्षिसत्कृतः। धर्मात्मा सर्वलोकेषु सत्यवागिति विश्रुतः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१॥
sa ēvaṁ śantanurdhīmāndēvarājarṣisatkr̥taḥ। dharmātmā sarvalōkēṣu satyavāgiti viśrutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-1॥
That wise and righteous Shantanu, honored by gods, royal sages, and the king of the gods, was renowned throughout all the worlds as a man true to his word. (BORI: 1-094-1)
[PV-OTH:01_011_164]
दमो दानं क्षमा बुद्धिर्ह्रीर्धृतिस्तेज उत्तमम्। नित्यान्यासन्महासत्त्वे शन्तनौ पुरुषर्षभे ॥BORI: १-०९४-२॥
damō dānaṁ kṣamā buddhirhrīrdhr̥tistēja uttamam। nityānyāsanmahāsattvē śantanau puruṣarṣabhē ॥BORI: 1-094-2॥
Self-control, generosity, patience, wisdom, modesty, steadfastness, and supreme vigor were ever present in the noble-minded Shantanu, that foremost of men. (BORI: 1-094-2)
[PV-OTH:01_011_165]
एवं स गुणसम्पन्नो धर्मार्थकुशलो नृपः। आसीद्भरतवंशस्य गोप्ता साधुजनस्य च ॥BORI: १-०९४-३॥
ēvaṁ sa guṇasampannō dharmārthakuśalō nr̥paḥ। āsīdbharatavaṁśasya gōptā sādhujanasya ca ॥BORI: 1-094-3॥
Thus endowed with virtues and skilled in matters of righteousness and worldly prosperity, the king was the protector of the Bharata dynasty and of good people. (BORI: 1-094-3)
[PV-OTH:01_011_166]
कम्बुग्रीवः पृथुव्यंसो मत्तवारणविक्रमः। धर्म एव परः कामादर्थाच्चेति व्यवस्थितः ॥BORI: १-०९४-४॥
kambugrīvaḥ pr̥thuvyaṁsō mattavāraṇavikramaḥ। dharma ēva paraḥ kāmādarthāccēti vyavasthitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-4॥
He had a neck like a conch, broad shoulders, and the prowess of a rutting elephant; he held firmly that dharma alone was superior to desire and wealth. (BORI: 1-094-4)
[PV-OTH:01_011_167]
एतान्यासन्महासत्त्वे शन्तनौ भरतर्षभ। न चास्य सदृशः कश्चित्क्षत्रियो धर्मतोऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-०९४-५॥
ētānyāsanmahāsattvē śantanau bharatarṣabha। na cāsya sadr̥śaḥ kaścitkṣatriyō dharmatō’bhavat ॥BORI: 1-094-5॥
These qualities were found in the great-spirited Shantanu, bull of the Bharatas, and no Kshatriya was his equal in righteousness. (BORI: 1-094-5)
[PV-OTH:01_011_168]
वर्तमानं हि धर्मे स्वे सर्वधर्मविदां वरम्। तं महीपा महीपालं राजराज्येऽभ्यषेचयन् ॥BORI: १-०९४-६॥
vartamānaṁ hi dharmē svē sarvadharmavidāṁ varam। taṁ mahīpā mahīpālaṁ rājarājyē’bhyaṣēcayan ॥BORI: 1-094-6॥
The kings consecrated him—steadfast in his own duty, foremost among all who knew dharma, and protector of the earth—as king over kings. (BORI: 1-094-6)
[PV-OTH:01_011_169]
वीतशोकभयाबाधाः सुखस्वप्नविबोधनाः। प्रति भारतगोप्तारं समपद्यन्त भूमिपाः ॥BORI: १-०९४-७॥
vītaśōkabhayābādhāḥ sukhasvapnavibōdhanāḥ। prati bhāratagōptāraṁ samapadyanta bhūmipāḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-7॥
Free from sorrow, fear, and affliction, and sleeping and waking in comfort, the kings each became a protector of Bharata. (BORI: 1-094-7)
[PV-OTH:01_011_170]
शन्तनुप्रमुखैर्गुप्ते लोके नृपतिभिस्तदा। नियमात्सर्ववर्णानां ब्रह्मोत्तरमवर्तत ॥BORI: १-०९४-८॥
śantanupramukhairguptē lōkē nr̥patibhistadā। niyamātsarvavarṇānāṁ brahmōttaramavartata ॥BORI: 1-094-8॥
At that time, when the world was protected by kings headed by Shantanu, order prevailed among all the social classes, with the Brahmins foremost. (BORI: 1-094-8)
[PV-OTH:01_011_171]
ब्रह्म पर्यचरत्क्षत्रं विशः क्षत्रमनुव्रताः। ब्रह्मक्षत्रानुरक्ताश्च शूद्राः पर्यचरन्विशः ॥BORI: १-०९४-९॥
brahma paryacaratkṣatraṁ viśaḥ kṣatramanuvratāḥ। brahmakṣatrānuraktāśca śūdrāḥ paryacaranviśaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-9॥
The Kshatriyas served the Brahmins, and the Vaishyas, devoted to the Kshatriyas, served them; the Shudras, attached to the Brahmins and Kshatriyas, served the Vaishyas. (BORI: 1-094-9)
[PV-OTH:01_011_172]
स हास्तिनपुरे रम्ये कुरूणां पुटभेदने। वसन्सागरपर्यन्तामन्वशाद्वै वसुन्धराम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-१०॥
sa hāstinapurē ramyē kurūṇāṁ puṭabhēdanē। vasansāgaraparyantāmanvaśādvai vasundharām ॥BORI: 1-094-10॥
Dwelling in beautiful Hastinapura, the capital of the Kurus, he ruled the earth as far as the ocean. (BORI: 1-094-10)
[PV-OTH:01_011_173]
स देवराजसदृशो धर्मज्ञः सत्यवागृजुः। दानधर्मतपोयोगाच्छ्रिया परमया युतः ॥BORI: १-०९४-११॥
sa dēvarājasadr̥śō dharmajñaḥ satyavāgr̥juḥ। dānadharmatapōyōgācchriyā paramayā yutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-11॥
He was like the king of the gods, knew righteousness, spoke the truth, and was upright; through generosity, righteousness, austerity, and discipline, he was endowed with supreme splendor. (BORI: 1-094-11)
[PV-OTH:01_011_174]
अरागद्वेषसंयुक्तः सोमवत्प्रियदर्शनः। तेजसा सूर्यसङ्काशो वायुवेगसमो जवे । अन्तकप्रतिमः कोपे क्षमया पृथिवीसमः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१२॥
arāgadvēṣasaṁyuktaḥ sōmavatpriyadarśanaḥ। tējasā sūryasaṅkāśō vāyuvēgasamō javē । antakapratimaḥ kōpē kṣamayā pr̥thivīsamaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-12॥
Free from attachment and hatred, pleasing to behold like the moon, radiant as the sun, swift as the wind, like Death in anger, and equal to the earth in forbearance. (BORI: 1-094-12)
[PV-OTH:01_011_175]
वधः पशुवराहाणां तथैव मृगपक्षिणाम्। शन्तनौ पृथिवीपाले नावर्तत वृथा नृप ॥BORI: १-०९४-१३॥
vadhaḥ paśuvarāhāṇāṁ tathaiva mr̥gapakṣiṇām। śantanau pr̥thivīpālē nāvartata vr̥thā nr̥pa ॥BORI: 1-094-13॥
O king, while Shantanu ruled the earth, there was no wanton killing of livestock and boars, or of deer and birds. (BORI: 1-094-13)
[PV-OTH:01_011_176]
धर्मब्रह्मोत्तरे राज्ये शन्तनुर्विनयात्मवान्। समं शशास भूतानि कामरागविवर्जितः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१४॥
dharmabrahmōttarē rājyē śantanurvinayātmavān। samaṁ śaśāsa bhūtāni kāmarāgavivarjitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-14॥
In his kingdom, where righteousness and sacred knowledge were paramount, the disciplined Shantanu ruled all beings impartially, free from desire and passion. (BORI: 1-094-14)
[PV-OTH:01_011_177]
देवर्षिपितृयज्ञार्थमारभ्यन्त तदा क्रियाः। न चाधर्मेण केषाञ्चित्प्राणिनामभवद्वधः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१५॥
dēvarṣipitr̥yajñārthamārabhyanta tadā kriyāḥ। na cādharmēṇa kēṣāñcitprāṇināmabhavadvadhaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-15॥
At that time, rites were undertaken for sacrifices to the gods, seers, and ancestors, and no living creature was killed unlawfully. (BORI: 1-094-15)
[PV-OTH:01_011_178]
असुखानामनाथानां तिर्यग्योनिषु वर्तताम्। स एव राजा भूतानां सर्वेषामभवत्पिता ॥BORI: १-०९४-१६॥
asukhānāmanāthānāṁ tiryagyōniṣu vartatām। sa ēva rājā bhūtānāṁ sarvēṣāmabhavatpitā ॥BORI: 1-094-16॥
That king became a father to all creatures—to those in distress and without protectors, and to those living in animal wombs. (BORI: 1-094-16)
[PV-OTH:01_011_179]
तस्मिन्कुरुपतिश्रेष्ठे राजराजेश्वरे सति। श्रिता वागभवत्सत्यं दानधर्माश्रितं मनः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१७॥
tasminkurupatiśrēṣṭhē rājarājēśvarē sati। śritā vāgabhavatsatyaṁ dānadharmāśritaṁ manaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-17॥
While that foremost ruler of the Kurus, the supreme lord of kings, reigned, his speech was grounded in truth and his mind devoted to the duty of giving. (BORI: 1-094-17)
[PV-OTH:01_011_180]
स समाः षोडशाष्टौ च चतस्रोऽष्टौ तथापराः। रतिमप्राप्नुवन्स्त्रीषु बभूव वनगोचरः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१८॥
sa samāḥ ṣōḍaśāṣṭau ca catasrō’ṣṭau tathāparāḥ। ratimaprāpnuvanstrīṣu babhūva vanagōcaraḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-18॥
For thirty-six years—sixteen, eight, four, and another eight—he found no pleasure among women and lived as a frequenter of the forest. (BORI: 1-094-18)
[PV-KDV:01_011_181]
तथारूपस्तथाचारस्तथावृत्तस्तथाश्रुतः। गाङ्गेयस्तस्य पुत्रोऽभून्नाम्ना देवव्रतो वसुः ॥BORI: १-०९४-१९॥
tathārūpastathācārastathāvr̥ttastathāśrutaḥ। gāṅgēyastasya putrō’bhūnnāmnā dēvavratō vasuḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-19॥
The son of Ganga, his son, was his equal in appearance, conduct, character, and learning; he was a Vasu named Devavrata. (BORI: 1-094-19)
[PV-OTH:01_011_182]
सर्वास्त्रेषु स निष्णातः पार्थिवेष्वितरेषु च। महाबलो महासत्त्वो महावीर्यो महारथः ॥BORI: १-०९४-२०॥
sarvāstrēṣu sa niṣṇātaḥ pārthivēṣvitarēṣu ca। mahābalō mahāsattvō mahāvīryō mahārathaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-20॥
He was proficient in every weapon, both those used by kings and all others; immensely strong, resolute, and valiant, he was a mighty chariot-warrior. (BORI: 1-094-20)
[PV-OTH:01_011_183]
स कदाचिन्मृगं विद्ध्वा गङ्गामनुसरन्नदीम्। भागीरथीमल्पजलां शन्तनुर्दृष्टवान्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०९४-२१॥
sa kadācinmr̥gaṁ viddhvā gaṅgāmanusarannadīm। bhāgīrathīmalpajalāṁ śantanurdr̥ṣṭavānnr̥paḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-21॥
Once, after shooting a deer, King Shantanu followed the river Ganga and saw that the Bhagirathi had little water. (BORI: 1-094-21)
[PV-KDV:01_011_184]
तां दृष्ट्वा चिन्तयामास शन्तनुः पुरुषर्षभः। स्यन्दते किं न्वियं नाद्य सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा यथा पुरा ॥BORI: १-०९४-२२॥
tāṁ dr̥ṣṭvā cintayāmāsa śantanuḥ puruṣarṣabhaḥ। syandatē kiṁ nviyaṁ nādya saricchrēṣṭhā yathā purā ॥BORI: 1-094-22॥
Seeing it, Shantanu, bull among men, wondered, “Why does this foremost of rivers not flow today as it did before?” (BORI: 1-094-22)
[PV-KDV:01_011_185]
ततो निमित्तमन्विच्छन्ददर्श स महामनाः। कुमारं रूपसम्पन्नं बृहन्तं चारुदर्शनम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-२३॥
tatō nimittamanvicchandadarśa sa mahāmanāḥ। kumāraṁ rūpasampannaṁ br̥hantaṁ cārudarśanam ॥BORI: 1-094-23॥
Then, as he searched for the cause, that great-hearted man saw a tall, handsome, fine-looking youth… (BORI: 1-094-23)
[PV-KDV:01_011_186]
दिव्यमस्त्रं विकुर्वाणं यथा देवं पुरंदरम्। कृत्स्नां गङ्गां समावृत्य शरैस्तीक्ष्णैरवस्थितम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-२४॥
divyamastraṁ vikurvāṇaṁ yathā dēvaṁ puraṁdaram। kr̥tsnāṁ gaṅgāṁ samāvr̥tya śaraistīkṣṇairavasthitam ॥BORI: 1-094-24॥
wielding a divine weapon like the god Purandara, and standing there after blocking the entire Ganges with sharp arrows. (BORI: 1-094-24)
[PV-KDV:01_011_187]
तां शरैरावृतां दृष्ट्वा नदीं गङ्गां तदन्तिके। अभवद्विस्मितो राजा कर्म दृष्ट्वातिमानुषम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-२५॥
tāṁ śarairāvr̥tāṁ dr̥ṣṭvā nadīṁ gaṅgāṁ tadantikē। abhavadvismitō rājā karma dr̥ṣṭvātimānuṣam ॥BORI: 1-094-25॥
Seeing the river Ganges nearby covered with arrows, the king was astonished at the superhuman feat. (BORI: 1-094-25)
[PV-KDV:01_011_188]
जातमात्रं पुरा दृष्टं तं पुत्रं शन्तनुस्तदा। नोपलेभे स्मृतिं धीमानभिज्ञातुं तमात्मजम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-२६॥
jātamātraṁ purā dr̥ṣṭaṁ taṁ putraṁ śantanustadā। nōpalēbhē smr̥tiṁ dhīmānabhijñātuṁ tamātmajam ॥BORI: 1-094-26॥
Though Shantanu had seen that son long before, when he was newborn, the wise king could not remember him well enough to recognize him as his own son. (BORI: 1-094-26)
[PV-KDV:01_011_189]
स तु तं पितरं दृष्ट्वा मोहयामास मायया। संमोह्य तु ततः क्षिप्रं तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ॥BORI: १-०९४-२७॥
sa tu taṁ pitaraṁ dr̥ṣṭvā mōhayāmāsa māyayā। saṁmōhya tu tataḥ kṣipraṁ tatraivāntaradhīyata ॥BORI: 1-094-27॥
But when he saw his father, he bewildered him with his magic; then, having bewildered him, he quickly vanished on the spot. (BORI: 1-094-27)
[PV-KDV:01_011_190]
तदद्भुतं तदा दृष्ट्वा तत्र राजा स शन्तनुः। शङ्कमानः सुतं गङ्गामब्रवीद् दर्शयेति ह ॥BORI: १-०९४-२८॥
tadadbhutaṁ tadā dr̥ṣṭvā tatra rājā sa śantanuḥ। śaṅkamānaḥ sutaṁ gaṅgāmabravīd darśayēti ha ॥BORI: 1-094-28॥
Seeing that marvel there, King Shantanu suspected that it was his son and said to Ganga, “Show him to me.” (BORI: 1-094-28)
[PV-KDV:01_011_191]
दर्शयामास तं गङ्गा बिभ्रती रूपमुत्तमम्। गृहीत्वा दक्षिणे पाणौ तं कुमारम् अलङ्कृतम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-२९॥
darśayāmāsa taṁ gaṅgā bibhratī rūpamuttamam। gr̥hītvā dakṣiṇē pāṇau taṁ kumāram alaṅkr̥tam ॥BORI: 1-094-29॥
Ganga showed him, appearing in a magnificent form and holding the adorned boy in her right hand. (BORI: 1-094-29)
[PV-OTH:01_011_192]
अलङ्कृताम् आभरणैः अरजोम्बरधारिणीम्। दृष्टपूर्वाम् अपि सतीं न अभ्यजानात् स शन्तनुः ॥BORI: १-०९४-३०॥
alaṅkr̥tām ābharaṇaiḥ arajōmbaradhāriṇīm। dr̥ṣṭapūrvām api satīṁ na abhyajānāt sa śantanuḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-30॥
Though she was adorned with ornaments, clad in spotless garments, and he had seen her before, Shantanu did not recognize her. (BORI: 1-094-30)
[PV-OTH:01_011_193]
यं पुत्रमष्टमं राजंस्त्वं पुरा मय्यजायिथाः। स तेऽयं पुरुषव्याघ्र नयस्वैनं गृहान्तिकम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-३१॥
yaṁ putramaṣṭamaṁ rājaṁstvaṁ purā mayyajāyithāḥ। sa tē’yaṁ puruṣavyāghra nayasvainaṁ gr̥hāntikam ॥BORI: 1-094-31॥
O king, this is that eighth son whom you once fathered by me. O tiger among men, take him home. (BORI: 1-094-31)
[PV-KDV:01_011_194]
स चायं पुरुषव्याघ्र सर्वास्त्रविदनुत्तमः । गृहाणेमं महाराज मया संवर्धितं सुतम् ॥KUMB: १-१०७-३४; KUMB: १-१०७-३५; NILA: ०१.१००.०३३; NILA: ०१.१००.०३४॥
sa cāyaṁ puruṣavyāghra sarvāstravidanuttamaḥ । gr̥hāṇēmaṁ mahārāja mayā saṁvardhitaṁ sutam ॥KUMB: 1-107-34; KUMB: 1-107-35; NILA: 01.100.033; NILA: 01.100.034॥
This one, O tiger among men, is unsurpassed in his knowledge of every weapon. Accept this son whom I have raised, great king. (KUMB: 1-107-34; KUMB: 1-107-35; NILA: 01.100.033; NILA: 01.100.034)
[PV-KDV:01_011_195]
वेदानधिजगे साङ्गान्वसिष्ठादेव वीर्यवान्। कृतास्त्रः परमेष्वासो देवराजसमो युधि ॥BORI: १-०९४-३२॥
vēdānadhijagē sāṅgānvasiṣṭhādēva vīryavān। kr̥tāstraḥ paramēṣvāsō dēvarājasamō yudhi ॥BORI: 1-094-32॥
The mighty one learned the Vedas and their ancillary disciplines from Vasishtha himself. Trained in arms and a supreme archer, he is the equal of the king of the gods in battle. (BORI: 1-094-32)
[PV-OTH:01_011_196]
सुराणां संमतो नित्यमसुराणां च भारत। उशना वेद यच्छास्त्रमयं तद्वेद सर्वशः ॥BORI: १-०९४-३३॥
surāṇāṁ saṁmatō nityamasurāṇāṁ ca bhārata। uśanā vēda yacchāstramayaṁ tadvēda sarvaśaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-33॥
He is ever esteemed by gods and asuras, O Bharata, and he knows completely whatever science Ushanas knows. (BORI: 1-094-33)
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तथैवाङ्गिरसः पुत्रः सुरासुरनमस्कृतः। यद्वेद शास्त्रं तच्चापि कृत्स्नमस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठितम् । तव पुत्रे महाबाहौ साङ्गोपाङ्गं महात्मनि ॥BORI: १-०९४-३४॥
tathaivāṅgirasaḥ putraḥ surāsuranamaskr̥taḥ। yadvēda śāstraṁ taccāpi kr̥tsnamasminpratiṣṭhitam । tava putrē mahābāhau sāṅgōpāṅgaṁ mahātmani ॥BORI: 1-094-34॥
Likewise, whatever science the son of Angiras, revered by gods and asuras, knows is also present in its entirety, with all its branches and subsidiary branches, in this mighty-armed, great-souled son of yours. (BORI: 1-094-34)
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ऋषिः परैरनाधृष्यो जामदग्न्यः प्रतापवान्। यदस्त्रं वेद रामश्च तदप्यस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥BORI: १-०९४-३५॥
r̥ṣiḥ parairanādhr̥ṣyō jāmadagnyaḥ pratāpavān। yadastraṁ vēda rāmaśca tadapyasminpratiṣṭhitam ॥BORI: 1-094-35॥
Whatever weapon is known to the mighty sage Rama, Jamadagni’s son, whom no enemy can assail, is also established in him. (BORI: 1-094-35)
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महेष्वासमिमं राजन्राजधर्मार्थकोविदम्। मया दत्तं निजं पुत्रं वीरं वीर गृहान्नय ॥BORI: १-०९४-३६॥
mahēṣvāsamimaṁ rājanrājadharmārthakōvidam। mayā dattaṁ nijaṁ putraṁ vīraṁ vīra gr̥hānnaya ॥BORI: 1-094-36॥
O king, take home this mighty archer—your own valiant son, whom I give to you—well versed in royal duties and affairs, O hero. (BORI: 1-094-36)
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इत्युक्त्वा सा महाभागा तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ॥KUMB: १-१०७-४१क्ष्॥
ityuktvā sā mahābhāgā tatraivāntaradhīyata ॥KUMB: 1-107-41kṣ॥
Having said this, the illustrious woman vanished on the spot. (KUMB: 1-107-41क्ष्)
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तयैवं समनुज्ञातः पुत्रमादाय शन्तनुः। भ्राजमानं यथादित्यमाययौ स्वपुरं प्रति ॥BORI: १-०९४-३७॥
tayaivaṁ samanujñātaḥ putramādāya śantanuḥ। bhrājamānaṁ yathādityamāyayau svapuraṁ prati ॥BORI: 1-094-37॥
Thus permitted by her, Shantanu took his son, radiant as the sun, and returned to his own city. (BORI: 1-094-37)
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पौरवः स्वपुरं गत्वा पुरंदरपुरोपमम्। सर्वकामसमृद्धार्थं मेने आत्मानमात्मना । पौरवेषु ततः पुत्रं यौवराज्येऽभ्यषेचयत् ॥BORI: १-०९४-३८॥
pauravaḥ svapuraṁ gatvā puraṁdarapurōpamam। sarvakāmasamr̥ddhārthaṁ mēnē ātmānamātmanā । pauravēṣu tataḥ putraṁ yauvarājyē’bhyaṣēcayat ॥BORI: 1-094-38॥
Returning to his own city, which resembled Indra’s city, the Paurava felt that all his desires had been fulfilled. He then consecrated his son as crown prince of the Pauravas. (BORI: 1-094-38)
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पौरवाञ्शन्तनोः पुत्रः पितरं च महायशाः। राष्ट्रं च रञ्जयामास वृत्तेन भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०९४-३९॥
pauravāñśantanōḥ putraḥ pitaraṁ ca mahāyaśāḥ। rāṣṭraṁ ca rañjayāmāsa vr̥ttēna bharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-094-39॥
The illustrious son of Shantanu delighted the Pauravas, his father, and the entire kingdom by his conduct, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-094-39)
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स तथा सह पुत्रेण रममाणो महीपतिः। वर्तयामास वर्षाणि चत्वार्यमितविक्रमः ॥BORI: १-०९४-४०॥
sa tathā saha putrēṇa ramamāṇō mahīpatiḥ। vartayāmāsa varṣāṇi catvāryamitavikramaḥ ॥BORI: 1-094-40॥
Thus the king of boundless valor spent four years enjoying life with his son. (BORI: 1-094-40)
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