Chapter 1: Preface: Overview of the Bhārata, Layered Meanings, and Expansion
jayati parāśara-sūnuḥ satyavatī-hṛdaya-nandano vyāsaḥ | yasyāsya-kamala-galitaṃ vāṅmayam amṛtaṃ jagat pibati ||
Victorious is Vyāsa, the son of Parāśara and the delight of Satyavatī’s heart; the whole world drinks the immortal nectar of literature flowing from the lotus of his mouth.
[PV-KDV:01_001_1] (Bharata)
lōmaharṣaṇaputra ugraśravāḥ sūtaḥ paurāṇikō naimiṣāraṇyē śaunakasya kulapatērdvādaśavārṣikē satrē ॥BORI: 1-001-1॥
Ugraśravas, the Suta, son of Lomaharṣaṇa and a reciter of ancient lore, at Kulapati Śaunaka’s twelve-year sacrificial session in the Naimiṣa Forest… (BORI: 1-001-1)
[PV-KDV:01_001_3] (Bharata)
samāsīnānabhyagacchadbrahmarṣīnsaṁśitavratān। vinayāvanatō bhūtvā kadācitsūtanandanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-2॥
One day, the Suta’s son bowed respectfully and approached the seated Brahmarshis, who were firm in their vows. (BORI: 1-001-2)
[PV-KDV:01_001_4] (Bharata)
tamāśramamanuprāptaṁ naimiṣāraṇyavāsinaḥ। citrāḥ śrōtuṁ kathāstatra parivavrustapasvinaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-3॥
When he arrived at the hermitage, the ascetics dwelling in the Naimisha Forest gathered around him there to hear wondrous tales. (BORI: 1-001-3)
[PV-KDV:01_001_5] (Bharata)
abhivādya munīṁstāṁstu sarvānēva kr̥tāñjaliḥ।apr̥cchatsa tapōvr̥ddhiṁ sadbhiścaivābhinanditaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-4॥
With palms joined, he greeted all those sages and asked about the progress of their austerities; the holy men welcomed him in turn. (BORI: 1-001-4)
[PV-KDV:01_001_6] (Bharata)
atha tēṣūpaviṣṭēṣu sarvēṣvēva tapasviṣu।nirdiṣṭamāsanaṁ bhējē vinayāllōmaharṣaṇiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-5॥
Then, when all the ascetics had taken their seats, Lomaharshana respectfully took the seat assigned to him. (BORI: 1-001-5)
[PV-KDV:01_001_7] (Bharata)
sukhāsīnaṁ tatastaṁ tu viśrāntamupalakṣya ca।athāpr̥cchadr̥ṣistatra kaścitprastāvayankathāḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-6॥
Then, seeing that he was comfortably seated and rested, one of the sages there began a conversation and asked: (BORI: 1-001-6)
[PV-KDV:01_001_8] (Bharata)
kuta āgamyatē sautē kva cāyaṁ vihr̥tastvayā।kālaḥ kamalapatrākṣa śaṁsaitatpr̥cchatō mama ॥BORI: 1-001-7॥
Where have you come from, O Suta, and where have you spent this time, lotus-eyed one? Tell me this, for I ask you. (BORI: 1-001-7)
[PV-KDV:01_001_9] (Bharata)
sūta uvāca॥
The Suta said:
[PV-KDV:01_001_10] (Bharata)
janamējayasya rājarṣēḥ sarpasatrē mahātmanaḥ।samīpē pārthivēndrasya samyakpārikṣitasya ca ॥BORI: 1-001-8॥
At the snake sacrifice of the great royal sage Janamejaya, in the presence of that foremost of kings, the worthy son of Parikshit... (BORI: 1-001-8)
[PV-KDV:01_001_11] (Bharata)
kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanaprōktāḥ supuṇyā vividhāḥ kathāḥ।kathitāścāpi vidhivadyā vaiśampāyanēna vai ॥BORI: 1-001-9॥
the various, most sacred tales proclaimed by Krishna Dvaipayana and duly recounted by Vaishampayana... (BORI: 1-001-9)
[PV-KDV:01_001_12] (Bharata)
śrutvāhaṁ tā vicitrārthā mahābhāratasaṁśritāḥ।bahūni samparikramya tīrthānyāyatanāni ca ॥BORI: 1-001-10॥
After hearing those stories of varied content contained in the Mahabharata, and visiting many sacred fords and shrines… (BORI: 1-001-10)
[PV-KDV:01_001_13] (Bharata)
samantapañcakaṁ nāma puṇyaṁ dvijaniṣēvitam।gatavānasmi taṁ dēśaṁ yuddhaṁ yatrābhavatpurā ॥BORI: 1-001-11॥
I went to the sacred land called Samantapañcaka, frequented by Brahmins, where long ago there was a war... (BORI: 1-001-11)
[PV-KDV:01_001_14] (Bharata)
pāṇḍavānāṁ kurūṇāṁ ca sarvēṣāṁ ca mahīkṣitām ॥BORI: 1-001-11॥
between the Pandavas, the Kurus, and all the kings. (BORI: 1-001-11)
[PV-KDV:01_001_15] (Bharata)
didr̥kṣurāgatastasmātsamīpaṁ bhavatāmiha।āyuṣmantaḥ sarva ēva brahmabhūtā hi mē matāḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-12॥
Wishing to see them, I have therefore come here into your presence. Long-lived ones, I indeed regard you all as having become Brahman. (BORI: 1-001-12)
[PV-KDV:01_001_16] (Bharata)
asminyajñē mahābhāgāḥ sūryapāvakavarcasaḥ।kr̥tābhiṣēkāḥ śucayaḥ kr̥tajapyā hutāgnayaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-13॥
In this sacrifice, O greatly blessed ones, radiant as the sun and fire, you sit here after performing your ablutions, purified, having recited your prayers and offered oblations into the fire… (BORI: 1-001-13)
[PV-KDV:01_001_17] (Bharata)
bhavanta āsatē svasthā bravīmi kimahaṁ dvijāḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-13॥
You are seated here at ease. What shall I tell you, O Brahmins— (BORI: 1-001-13)
[PV-KDV:01_001_18] (Bharata)
purāṇasaṁśritāḥ puṇyāḥ kathā vā dharmasaṁśritāḥ।itivr̥ttaṁ narēndrāṇāmr̥ṣīṇāṁ ca mahātmanām ॥BORI: 1-001-14॥
Sacred tales drawn from the Puranas or concerning dharma; the history of kings and great-souled seers? (BORI: 1-001-14)
[PV-KDV:01_001_19] (Bharata)
r̥ṣaya ūcuḥ॥
The seers said:
[PV-KDV:01_001_20] (Bharata)
dvaipāyanēna yatprōktaṁ purāṇaṁ paramarṣiṇā।surairbrahmarṣibhiścaiva śrutvā yadabhipūjitam ॥BORI: 1-001-15॥
That Purana which was proclaimed by the great seer Dvaipayana and, upon being heard by the gods and Brahmarshis, was highly esteemed... (BORI: 1-001-15)
[PV-KDV:01_001_21] (Bharata)
tasyākhyānavariṣṭhasya vicitrapadaparvaṇaḥ।sūkṣmārthanyāyayuktasya vēdārthairbhūṣitasya ca ॥BORI: 1-001-16॥
of that finest of narratives, with its varied words and sections, endowed with subtle meanings and reasoning, and adorned with the meanings of the Vedas... (BORI: 1-001-16)
[PV-KDV:01_001_22] (Bharata)
bhāratasyētihāsasya puṇyāṁ granthārthasaṁyutām।saṁskārōpagatāṁ brāhmīṁ nānāśāstrōpabr̥ṁhitām ॥BORI: 1-001-17॥
the sacred history of the Bhāratas, replete with the meaning of the work, refined, holy, and enriched by many śāstras… (BORI: 1-001-17)
[PV-KDV:01_001_23] (Bharata)
janamējayasya yāṁ rājñō vaiśampāyana uktavān।yathāvatsa r̥ṣistuṣṭyā satrē dvaipāyanājñayā ॥BORI: 1-001-18॥
which the sage Vaishampayana accurately and gladly recited to King Janamejaya at the sacrificial session, at Dvaipayana’s command... (BORI: 1-001-18)
[PV-KDV:01_001_24] (Bharata)
vēdaiścaturbhiḥ samitāṁ vyāsasyādbhutakarmaṇaḥ।saṁhitāṁ śrōtumicchāmō dharmyāṁ pāpabhayāpahām ॥BORI: 1-001-19॥
We wish to hear that sacred compilation of Vyasa, the performer of wondrous deeds, which is equal to the four Vedas, accords with dharma, and dispels the fear of sin. (BORI: 1-001-19)
[PV-KDV:01_001_25] (Bharata)
sūta uvāca॥
The Suta said:
[PV-KDV:01_001_26] (Bharata)
niṣprabhē’sminnirālōkē sarvatastamasāvr̥tē।br̥hadaṇḍamabhūdēkaṁ prajānāṁ bījamakṣayam ॥BORI: 1-001-27॥
In this lightless, unillumined expanse, enveloped on every side in darkness, there arose a single vast egg, the imperishable seed of all creatures. (BORI: 1-001-27)
[PV-KDV:01_001_34] (Bharata)
yugasyādau nimittaṁ tanmahaddivyaṁ pracakṣatē।yasmiṁstacchrūyatē satyaṁ jyōtirbrahma sanātanam ॥BORI: 1-001-28॥
At the beginning of the age, they declare it to be the great divine cause, within which, it is said, is that true light, eternal Brahman… (BORI: 1-001-28)
[PV-KDV:01_001_35] (Bharata)
adbhutaṁ cāpyacintyaṁ ca sarvatra samatāṁ gatam।avyaktaṁ kāraṇaṁ sūkṣmaṁ yattatsadasadātmakam ॥BORI: 1-001-29॥
wondrous and inconceivable, equally present everywhere—the unmanifest, subtle cause, that which is of the nature of both being and non-being... (BORI: 1-001-29)
[PV-KDV:01_001_36] (Bharata)
yasmātpitāmahō jajñē prabhurēkaḥ prajāpatiḥ।brahmā suraguruḥ sthāṇurmanuḥ kaḥ paramēṣṭhyatha ॥BORI: 1-001-30॥
from which was born the Grandfather—the sole lord Prajāpati Brahmā, teacher of the gods—and then Sthāṇu, Manu, Ka, and Parameṣṭhin… (BORI: 1-001-30)
[PV-KDV:01_001_37] (Bharata)
bhūtasthānāni sarvāṇi rahasyaṁ trividhaṁ ca yat।vēdayōgaṁ savijñānaṁ dharmō’rthaḥ kāma ēva ca ॥BORI: 1-001-46॥
all the abodes of beings, the threefold mystery, the application of the Vedas together with full understanding, and duty, wealth, and pleasure… (BORI: 1-001-46)
[PV-KDV:01_001_53] (Bharata)
dharmakāmārthaśāstrāṇi śāstrāṇi vividhāni ca।lōkayātrāvidhānaṁ ca sambhūtaṁ dr̥ṣṭavānr̥ṣiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-47॥
The sage saw that treatises on righteousness, desire, and wealth, various other sciences, and the ordering of worldly life had come into being. (BORI: 1-001-47)
[PV-KDV:01_001_54] (Bharata)
itihāsāḥ savaiyākhyā vividhāḥ śrutayō’pi ca।iha sarvamanukrāntamuktaṁ granthasya lakṣaṇam ॥BORI: 1-001-48॥
Histories with their explanations, and various sacred traditions as well—all this has been covered here, and the character of the work has been stated. (BORI: 1-001-48)
[PV-KDV:01_001_55] (Bharata)
tapasā brahmacaryēṇa vyasya vēdaṁ sanātanam।itihāsamimaṁ cakrē puṇyaṁ satyavatīsutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-52॥
Through austerity and celibacy, Satyavatī’s son arranged the eternal Veda and composed this sacred history. (BORI: 1-001-52)
[PV-KDV:01_001_56] (Bharata)
tasyākhyānavariṣṭhasya kr̥tvā dvaipāyanaḥ prabhuḥ । kathamadhyāpayānīha śiṣyānityanvacintayat ॥KUMB: 1-1-80; NILA: 01.001.055; NILA: 01.001.056॥
Having composed that most excellent of narratives, the mighty Dvaipayana reflected, “How shall I teach it here to my disciples?” (KUMB: 1-1-80; NILA: 01.001.055; NILA: 01.001.056)
[PV-KDV:01_001_57] (Bharata)
tasya taccintitaṁ jñātvā r̥ṣērdvaipāyanasya ca । tatrājagāma bhagavānbrahmā lōkaguruḥ svayam ॥KUMB: 1-1-81; NILA: 01.001.056; NILA: 01.001.057॥
Knowing what the sage Dvaipayana was pondering, the blessed Brahma, teacher of the world, came there in person. (KUMB: 1-1-81; NILA: 01.001.056; NILA: 01.001.057)
[PV-KDV:01_001_58] (Bharata)
prītyarthaṁ tasya caivarṣērlōkānāṁ hitakāmyayā । taṁ dr̥ṣṭvā vismitō bhūtvā prāñjaliḥ praṇataḥ sthitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-82; NILA: 01.001.057; NILA: 01.001.058॥
to please that sage and out of a desire for the welfare of the worlds. Seeing him, the sage stood astonished, bowing with joined palms. (KUMB: 1-1-82; NILA: 01.001.057; NILA: 01.001.058)
[PV-KDV:01_001_59] (Bharata)
āsanaṁ kalpayāmāsa sarvairmunigaṇairvr̥taḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-83; NILA: 01.001.058॥
Surrounded by all the assembled sages, he prepared a seat. (KUMB: 1-1-83; NILA: 01.001.058)
[PV-KDV:01_001_60] (Bharata)
hiraṇyamarbhamāsīnaṁ tasmiṁstu paramāsanē । parivr̥tyāsanabhyāśē vāsavēyaḥ sthitō’bhavat ॥KUMB: 1-1-84; NILA: 01.001.059॥
Vasava’s son circumambulated Hiranyagarbha, who was seated on that supreme throne, and then stood nearby. (KUMB: 1-1-84; NILA: 01.001.059)
[PV-KDV:01_001_61] (Bharata)
anujñātō’tha kr̥ṣṇastu brahmaṇā paramēṣṭhinā । niṣasādāsanābhyāśē prīyamāṇaḥ śucismitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-85; NILA: 01.001.060॥
Then, with the permission of Brahmā, the Supreme Lord, the pure-smiling Kṛṣṇa sat down nearby, filled with delight. (KUMB: 1-1-85; NILA: 01.001.060)
[PV-KDV:01_001_62] (Bharata)
uvāca sa mahātējā brahmāṇaṁ paramēṣṭhinam । kr̥taṁ mayēdaṁ bhagavankāvyaṁ paramapūjitam ॥KUMB: 1-1-86; NILA: 01.001.061॥
Hey
[PV-KDV:01_001_63] (Bharata)
brahmanvēdarahasya ca yaccānyatsthāpitaṁ mayā । sāṅgōpaniṣadāṁ caiva vēdānāṁ vistarakriyā ॥KUMB: 1-1-87; NILA: 01.001.062॥
O Brahmā, the secret of the Veda and whatever else I have set forth, as well as a detailed exposition of the Vedas together with their ancillary disciplines and Upaniṣads... (KUMB: 1-1-87; NILA: 01.001.062)
[PV-KDV:01_001_64] (Bharata)
itihāsapradīpēna mōhāvaraṇaghātinā । lōkagarbhagr̥haṁ kr̥tsnaṁ yathāvatsaṁprakāśitam ॥KUMB: 1-1-103; NILA: 01.001.087॥
By the lamp of history, which dispels the veil of delusion, the whole inner chamber of the world has been illuminated just as it is. (KUMB: 1-1-103; NILA: 01.001.087)
[PV-KDV:01_001_65] (Bharata)
saṁgrahādhyāyabījō vai paulōmāstīkamūlavān । saṁbhavaskandhavistāraḥ sabhāparvaviṭaṅkavān ॥KUMB: 1-1-104; NILA: 01.001.088॥
with the Saṃgraha chapter as its seed, the Pauloma and Astika as its roots, the Sambhava as its spreading trunk, and the Sabha Parvan as its boughs… (KUMB: 1-1-104; NILA: 01.001.088)
[PV-PAN:01_001_66] (Bharata)
āraṇyaparvarūpāḍhyō virāṭōdyōgasāravān । bhīṣmaparvamahāśākhō drōṇaparvapalāśavān ॥KUMB: 1-1-105; NILA: 01.001.089॥
luxuriant in the form of the Aranyaka Parvan, with the Virata and Udyoga Parvans as its heartwood, the Bhishma Parvan as its great branch, and the Drona Parvan as its leaves... (KUMB: 1-1-105; NILA: 01.001.089)
[PV-PAN:01_001_67] (Bharata)
karṇaparvasitaiḥ puṣpaiḥ śalyaparvasugandhibhiḥ । strīparvaiṣīkaviśrāmaḥ śāntiparvamahāphalaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-106; NILA: 01.001.090॥
with white flowers in the form of the Karṇa Parvan, fragrant with the Śalya Parvan; with the Strī and Aiṣīka Parvans as its resting place, and the Śānti Parvan as its great fruit... (KUMB: 1-1-106; NILA: 01.001.090)
[PV-PAN:01_001_68] (Bharata)
aśvamēdhāmr̥tasastvāśramasthānasaṁśrayaḥ । mausalaśrutisaṁkṣēpaḥ śiṣṭadvijaniṣēvitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-107; NILA: 01.001.091॥
with the Aśvamedha as its nectar-like sap, the Āśramasthāna as its abode, and the Mausala as its epitome of sacred tradition, frequented by learned Brahmins… (KUMB: 1-1-107; NILA: 01.001.091)
[PV-PAN:01_001_69] (Bharata)
sarvēṣāṁ kavimukhyānāmupajīvyō bhaviṣyati । parjanyaiva bhūtānāmakṣayō bhāradrumaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-108; NILA: 01.001.092॥
The inexhaustible, mighty tree will sustain all the foremost poets, just as Parjanya sustains living beings. (KUMB: 1-1-108; NILA: 01.001.092)
[PV-PAN:01_001_70] (Bharata)
kāvyasya lēkhanārthāya gaṇēśaḥ smaryatāṁ munē. ॥KUMB: 1-1-109; NILA: 01.001.074॥
O sage, call Ganesha to mind so that he may write the poem. (KUMB: 1-1-109; NILA: 01.001.074)
[PV-KDV:01_001_71] (Bharata)
ēvamābhāṣya taṁ brahmā jagāma svaṁ nivēśanam । bhagavānsa jagatsraṣṭā r̥ṣidēvagaṇaiḥ saha ॥KUMB: 1-1-110; NILA: 01.001.074॥
Having spoken to him thus, the blessed Brahmā, creator of the world, departed for his own abode together with the hosts of seers and gods. (KUMB: 1-1-110; NILA: 01.001.074)
[PV-KDV:01_001_72] (Bharata)
tataḥ sasmāra hērambaṁ vyāsaḥ satyavatīsutaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-111; NILA: 01.001.075॥
Then Vyasa, the son of Satyavati, called Heramba to mind. (KUMB: 1-1-111; NILA: 01.001.075)
[PV-KDV:01_001_73] (Bharata)
smr̥tamātrō gaṇēśānō bhaktacintitapūrakaḥ । tatrājagāma vighnēśō vēdavyāsō yataḥ sthitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-112; NILA: 01.001.075; NILA: 01.001.076॥
As soon as he was remembered, Ganesha, the Lord of Obstacles who fulfills his devotees’ wishes, came to the place where Vedavyasa was staying. (KUMB: 1-1-112; NILA: 01.001.075; NILA: 01.001.076)
[PV-KDV:01_001_74] (Bharata)
pūjitaścōpaviṣṭaśca vyāsēnōktastadānagha । lēkhakō bhāratasyāsya bhava tvaṁ gaṇanāyaka ॥ mayaiva prōcyamānasya manasā kalpitasya ca ॥KUMB: 1-1-113; NILA: 01.001.076; NILA: 01.001.077॥
After he had been honored and had taken his seat, Vyasa addressed him, O sinless one: “Leader of the Ganas, be the scribe of this Bharata, conceived in my mind and recited by me.” (KUMB: 1-1-113; NILA: 01.001.076; NILA: 01.001.077)
[PV-KDV:01_001_75] (Bharata)
śrutvaitatprāha vighnēśō yadi mē lēkhanī kṣaṇam । likhatō nāvatiṣṭhēta tadā syāṁ lēkhakō hyaham ॥KUMB: 1-1-114; NILA: 01.001.078॥
Hearing this, Vighnesha said, “If my pen does not pause for even a moment as I write, then I shall indeed be the scribe.” (KUMB: 1-1-114; NILA: 01.001.078)
[PV-KDV:01_001_76] (Bharata)
vyāsō’pyuvāca taṁ dēvamabuddhvā mā likha kvacit । ōmityuktvā gaṇēśōpi babhūva kila lēkhakaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-115; NILA: 01.001.079॥
Vyāsa in turn said to the god, “Never write anything without understanding it.” Saying “Om,” Gaṇeśa then became his scribe. (KUMB: 1-1-115; NILA: 01.001.079)
[PV-KDV:01_001_77] (Bharata)
granthagranthiṁ tadā cakrē munirgūḍhaṁ kutūhalāt । yasminpratijñayā prāha munirdvaipāyanastvidam ॥KUMB: 1-1-116; NILA: 01.001.080॥
Then, out of curiosity, the sage fashioned an obscure knot in the text, concerning which the sage Dvaipayana made this declaration: (KUMB: 1-1-116; NILA: 01.001.080)
[PV-KDV:01_001_78] (Bharata)
aṣṭau ślōkasahasrāṇi aṣṭau ślōkaśatāni ca । ahaṁ vēdmi śukō vētti saṁjayō vētti vā na vā ॥KUMB: 1-1-117; NILA: 01.001.081॥
I know eight thousand eight hundred verses; Śuka knows them, and Saṃjaya may or may not know them. (KUMB: 1-1-117; NILA: 01.001.081)
[PV-KDV:01_001_79] (Bharata)
tacchlōkakūṭamadyāpi grathitaṁ sudr̥ḍhaṁ munē । bhēttuṁ na śakyatē’rthasyaṁ gūḍhatvātpraśritasya ca ॥KUMB: 1-1-118; NILA: 01.001.082॥
Even today, O sage, that knot of verses remains firmly tied and cannot be unraveled because its meaning is obscure and compressed. (KUMB: 1-1-118; NILA: 01.001.082)
[PV-KDV:01_001_80] (Bharata)
sarvajñōpi gaṇēśō yatkṣaṇamāstē vicārayan । tāvaccakāra vyāsōpi ślōkānanyānbahūnapi ॥KUMB: 1-1-119; NILA: 01.001.083॥
While even the all-knowing Ganesha paused for a moment to consider it, Vyasa composed many other verses. (KUMB: 1-1-119; NILA: 01.001.083)
[PV-KDV:01_001_81] (Bharata)
tasya vr̥kṣasya vakṣyāmi śākhāpuṣpaphalōdayam । svādumēdhyarasōpētamacchēdyamamarairapi ॥KUMB: 1-1-120; NILA: 01.001.093॥
I shall describe the growth of that tree—its branches, flowers, and fruit—filled with sweet, wholesome sap and impossible even for the immortals to cut down. (KUMB: 1-1-120; NILA: 01.001.093)
[PV-KDV:01_001_82] (Bharata)
idaṁ dvaipāyanaḥ pūrvaṁ putramadhyāpayacchukam।tatō’nyēbhyō’nurūpēbhyaḥ śiṣyēbhyaḥ pradadau prabhuḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-63॥
Dvaipāyana first taught this to his son Śuka; then the master imparted it to other worthy disciples. (BORI: 1-001-63)
[PV-KDV:01_001_83] (Bharata)
janamējayēna pr̥ṣṭaḥ sanbrāhmaṇaiśca sahasraśaḥ।śaśāsa śiṣyamāsīnaṁ vaiśampāyanamantikē ॥BORI: 1-001-57॥
When questioned by Janamejaya and by Brahmins in their thousands, he instructed his disciple Vaishampayana, who was seated nearby. (BORI: 1-001-57)
[PV-KDV:01_001_84] (Bharata)
sa sadasyaiḥ sahāsīnaḥ śrāvayāmāsa bhāratam।karmāntarēṣu yajñasya cōdyamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-58॥
Seated with the assembly, he recited the Bharata during intervals in the sacrifice, prompted again and again. (BORI: 1-001-58)
[PV-KDV:01_001_85] (Bharata)
caturviṁśatisāhasrīṁ cakrē bhāratasaṁhitām।upākhyānairvinā tāvadbhārataṁ prōcyatē budhaiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-61॥
He composed the Bhārata collection in twenty-four thousand verses; the learned say that this is the extent of the Bhārata without the subsidiary tales. (BORI: 1-001-61)
[PV-KDV:01_001_86] (Bharata)
vistīryaitanmahajjñānamr̥ṣiḥ saṅkṣēpamabravīt।iṣṭaṁ hi viduṣāṁ lōkē samāsavyāsadhāraṇam ॥BORI: 1-001-49॥
After expounding this great body of knowledge at length, the sage also presented it in brief; for learned people in this world value both concise and detailed accounts. (BORI: 1-001-49)
[PV-KDV:01_001_87] (Bharata)
manvādi bhārataṁ kēcidāstīkādi tathāparē।tathōparicarādyanyē viprāḥ samyagadhīyatē ॥BORI: 1-001-50॥
Some Brahmins study the Bharata properly from the story of Manu onward, others from the story of Astika, and still others from the story of Uparicara. (BORI: 1-001-50)
[PV-KDV:01_001_88] (Bharata)
vividhaṁ saṁhitājñānaṁ dīpayanti manīṣiṇaḥ।vyākhyātuṁ kuśalāḥ kēcidgranthaṁ dhārayituṁ parē ॥BORI: 1-001-51॥
The learned illuminate the diverse lore of the compilation; some are skilled at expounding it, while others can commit the text to memory. (BORI: 1-001-51)
[PV-KDV:01_001_89] (Bharata)
tatō’dhyardhaśataṁ bhūyaḥ saṅkṣēpaṁ kr̥tavānr̥ṣiḥ।anukramaṇimadhyāyaṁ vr̥ttāntānāṁ saparvaṇām ॥BORI: 1-001-62॥
Then the sage made a further abridgment in one hundred and fifty verses: the Anukramaṇī chapter, covering the events together with their books. (BORI: 1-001-62)
[PV-KDV:01_001_90] (Bharata)
parāśarātmajō vidvānbrahmarṣiḥ saṁśitavrataḥ।māturniyōgāddharmātmā gāṅgēyasya ca dhīmataḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-53॥
The learned son of Parāśara, a righteous Brahmarṣi of strict vows, at the behest of his mother and of the wise son of Gaṅgā… (BORI: 1-001-53)
[PV-PAN:01_001_91] (Bharata)
kṣētrē vicitravīryasya kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ purā।trīnagnīniva kauravyāñjanayāmāsa vīryavān ॥BORI: 1-001-54॥
Long ago, the powerful Krishna Dvaipayana fathered three Kauravas, like three fires, in the field of Vicitravirya. (BORI: 1-001-54)
[PV-PAN:01_001_92] (Bharata)
utpādya dhr̥tarāṣṭraṁ ca pāṇḍuṁ viduramēva ca।jagāma tapasē dhīmānpunarēvāśramaṁ prati ॥BORI: 1-001-55॥
After begetting Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and Vidura, the wise man returned once more to his hermitage to practice austerities. (BORI: 1-001-55)
[PV-PAN:01_001_93] (Bharata)
tēṣu jātēṣu vr̥ddhēṣu gatēṣu paramāṁ gatim।abravīdbhārataṁ lōkē mānuṣē’sminmahānr̥ṣiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-56॥
When they had been born, grown up, and passed on to the highest state, the great seer recounted the Bharata in this human world. (BORI: 1-001-56)
[PV-PAN:01_001_94] (Bharata)
vistaraṁ kuruvaṁśasya gāndhāryā dharmaśīlatām।kṣattuḥ prajñāṁ dhr̥tiṁ kuntyāḥ samyagdvaipāyanō’bravīt ॥BORI: 1-001-59॥
Dvaipayana gave a full account of the Kuru lineage, Gandhari’s righteousness, the Kshattri’s wisdom, and Kunti’s steadfastness. (BORI: 1-001-59)
[PV-PAN:01_001_95] (Bharata)
vāsudēvasya māhātmyaṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca satyatām।durvr̥ttaṁ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāmuktavānbhagavānr̥ṣiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-60॥
The blessed sage recounted Vasudeva’s greatness, the Pandavas’ truthfulness, and the wicked conduct of Dhritarashtra’s sons. (BORI: 1-001-60)
[PV-PAN:01_001_99] (Bharata)
nāradō’śrāvayaddēvānasitō dēvalaḥ pitr̥n।gandharvayakṣarakṣāṁsi śrāvayāmāsa vai śukaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-64॥
Nārada recited it to the gods, Asita Devala to the ancestors, and Śuka recited it to the Gandharvas, Yakṣas, and Rākṣasas. (BORI: 1-001-64)
[PV-PAN:01_001_100] (Bharata)
duryōdhanō manyumayō mahādrumaḥ; skandhaḥ karṇaḥ śakunistasya śākhāḥ। duḥśāsanaḥ puṣpaphalē samr̥ddhē; mūlaṁ rājā dhr̥tarāṣṭrō’manīṣī ॥BORI: 1-001-65॥
Duryodhana is a great tree made of wrath; Karna is its trunk, Shakuni its branches, and Duhshasana its abundant flowers and fruits. Its root is the unwise King Dhritarashtra. (BORI: 1-001-65)
[PV-PAN:01_001_101] (Bharata)
yudhiṣṭhirē dharmamayō mahādrumaḥ skandhō’rjunō bhīmasēnō’sya śākhāḥ । mādrīsutau puṣpaphalē samr̥ddhē mūlaṁ kr̥ṣṇō brahma ca brāhmaṇāśca ॥KUMB: 1-1-129; NILA: 01.001.111॥
In Yudhishthira stands the great tree of dharma: Arjuna is its trunk, Bhimasena its branches, and the two sons of Madri its abundant flowers and fruit; Krishna, Brahman, and the Brahmins are its roots. (KUMB: 1-1-129; NILA: 01.001.111)
[PV-PAN:01_001_102] (Bharata)
pāṇḍurjitvā bahūndēśānyudhā vikramaṇēna ca । araṇyē mr̥gayāśīlō nyavasatsajanastathā ॥KUMB: 1-1-130; NILA: 01.001.112॥
Having conquered many lands through warfare and valor, Pandu lived in the forest with his retinue, devoting himself to hunting. (KUMB: 1-1-130; NILA: 01.001.112)
[PV-PAN:01_001_103] (Bharata)
mr̥gavyavāyanidhanātkr̥cchrāṁ prāpa sa āpadam । janmaprabhr̥ti pārthānāṁ tatrācāravidhikramaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-131; NILA: 01.001.113॥
By killing a deer while it was mating, he met with a grievous calamity. There follows the ordered account of the Pārthas’ conduct and rites from their birth onward… (KUMB: 1-1-131; NILA: 01.001.113)
[PV-PAN:01_001_104] (Bharata)
mātrōrabhyupapattiśca dharmōpaniṣadaṁ prati । dharmānilēndrāṁstābhiḥ sā’’juhāva sutavāñchayā ॥KUMB: 1-1-132॥
The two mothers’ acceptance of the secret teaching on dharma, and how she, desiring sons, invoked Dharma, Anila, and Indra by means of them… (KUMB: 1-1-132)
[PV-PAN:01_001_105] (Bharata)
tatō dharmōpaniṣadaṁ bhūtvā bhartuḥ priyā pr̥thā । dharmānilēndrāṁstābhiḥ sā’’juhāva sutavāñchayā ॥KUMB: 1-1-133॥
Then Pṛthā, dear to her husband and privy to the secret teaching of dharma, invoked Dharma, Wind, and Indra by those means, longing for sons. (KUMB: 1-1-133)
[PV-PAN:01_001_106] (Bharata)
taddattōpaniṣanmādrī cāśvināvājuhāva ca । jātāḥ pārthāstataḥ sarvē kuntyā mādryāśca mantrataḥ.tāpasaiḥ saha saṁvr̥ddhā mātr̥bhyāṁ parirakṣitāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-134॥
Madri, having been given that secret formula, also invoked the Ashvins. Thus all the Parthas were born through the mantras of Kunti and Madri, and were raised among ascetics under the protection of their two mothers... (KUMB: 1-1-134)
[PV-PAN:01_001_107] (Bharata)
mēdhyāraṇyēṣu puṇyēṣu mahatāmāśramēṣu ca । tēṣu jātēṣu sarvēṣu pāṇḍavēṣu mahātmasu ॥KUMB: 1-1-135॥
in pure and sacred forests and in the hermitages of great sages. When all those noble sons of Pandu had been born, (KUMB: 1-1-135)
[PV-PAN:01_001_108] (Bharata)
mātrōrabhyupapattiśca dharmōpaniṣadaṁ prati। dharmasya vāyōḥ śakrasya dēvayōśca tathāśvinōḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-69॥
And the coming of Dharma, Vayu, Shakra, and likewise the twin gods, the Ashvins, to the two mothers in accordance with the secret teaching of dharma; (BORI: 1-001-69)
[PV-PAN:01_001_109] (Bharata)
tāpasaiḥ saha saṁvr̥ddhā mātr̥bhyāṁ parirakṣitāḥ। mēdhyāraṇyēṣu puṇyēṣu mahatāmāśramēṣu ca ॥BORI: 1-001-70॥
raised among ascetics and protected by their two mothers in pure, holy forests and in the hermitages of great sages; (BORI: 1-001-70)
[PV-PAN:01_001_110] (Bharata)
mādryā tu saha saṁgamya r̥ṣiśāpaprabhāvataḥ । mr̥taḥ pāṇḍurmahāpuṇyē śataśr̥ṅgē mahāgirau ॥॥KUMB: 1-1-136॥
But after having intercourse with Madri, Pandu died on the great and most sacred mountain Shatashringa, through the power of the sage’s curse. (KUMB: 1-1-136)
[PV-PAN:01_001_111] (Bharata)
r̥ṣibhiśca tadānītā dhārtarāṣṭrānprati svayam। śiśavaścābhirūpāśca jaṭilā brahmacāriṇaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-71॥
The seers themselves then brought them to the sons of Dhritarashtra. They were handsome young boys, celibate students with matted hair. (BORI: 1-001-71)
[PV-PAN:01_001_112] (Bharata)
putrāśca bhrātaraścēmē śiṣyāśca suhr̥daśca vaḥ। pāṇḍavā ēta ityuktvā munayō’ntarhitāstataḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-72॥
“These Pandavas are your sons and brothers, your disciples and friends.” Having said this, the sages vanished. (BORI: 1-001-72)
[PV-PAN:01_001_113] (Bharata)
tāṁstairnivēditāndr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍavānkauravāstadā। śiṣṭāśca varṇāḥ paurā yē tē harṣāccukruśurbhr̥śam ॥BORI: 1-001-73॥
Seeing the Pandavas presented by those sages, the Kauravas and the respectable townspeople of every class cried out loudly for joy. (BORI: 1-001-73)
[PV-PAN:01_001_114] (Bharata)
āhuḥ kēcinna tasyaitē tasyaita iti cāparē। yadā ciramr̥taḥ pāṇḍuḥ kathaṁ tasyēti cāparē ॥BORI: 1-001-74॥
Some said, “These are not his sons,” while others said, “They are indeed his.” Still others said, “Since Pandu died long ago, how can they be his?” (BORI: 1-001-74)
[PV-PAN:01_001_115] (Bharata)
samavāyē tatō rājñāṁ kanyāṁ bhartr̥svayaṁvarām।prāptavānarjunaḥ kr̥ṣṇāṁ kr̥tvā karma suduṣkaram ॥BORI: 1-001-82॥
Then, at an assembly of kings, Arjuna accomplished an exceedingly difficult feat and won Krishna, the maiden who was choosing her own husband. (BORI: 1-001-82)
[PV-PAN:01_001_123] (Bharata)
tataḥ prabhr̥ti lōkē’sminpūjyaḥ sarvadhanuṣmatām।āditya iva duṣprēkṣyaḥ samarēṣvapi cābhavat ॥BORI: 1-001-83॥
From that time onward, he was honored in this world above all bowmen and became as difficult to look upon as the sun, even in battle. (BORI: 1-001-83)
[PV-PAN:01_001_124] (Bharata)
sa sarvānpārthivāñjitvā sarvāṁśca mahatō gaṇān।ājahārārjunō rājñē rājasūyaṁ mahākratum ॥BORI: 1-001-84॥
Having conquered all the kings and all the great confederacies, Arjuna secured for the king the great Rājasūya sacrifice. (BORI: 1-001-84)
[PV-PAN:01_001_125] (Bharata)
annavāndakṣiṇāvāṁśca sarvaiḥ samuditō guṇaiḥ।yudhiṣṭhirēṇa samprāptō rājasūyō mahākratuḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-85॥
Yudhishthira accomplished the great Rajasuya sacrifice, abundant in food and sacrificial gifts and endowed with every excellence. (BORI: 1-001-85)
[PV-PAN:01_001_126] (Bharata)
sunayādvāsudēvasya bhīmārjunabalēna ca।ghātayitvā jarāsandhaṁ caidyaṁ ca balagarvitam ॥BORI: 1-001-86॥
Through Vasudeva’s wise counsel and the strength of Bhima and Arjuna, after having Jarasandha and the strength-proud Caidya slain… (BORI: 1-001-86)
[PV-PAN:01_001_127] (Bharata)
duryōdhanamupāgacchannarhaṇāni tatastataḥ।maṇikāñcanaratnāni gōhastyaśvadhanāni ca ॥BORI: 1-001-87॥
Then offerings came to Duryodhana from every quarter: precious stones, gold, and jewels, as well as wealth in cattle, elephants, and horses; (BORI: 1-001-87)
[PV-PAN:01_001_128] (Bharata)
vicitrāṇi ca vāsāṁsi prāvārāvaraṇāni ca । kambalājinaratnāni rāṅkavāstaraṇāni ca ॥KUMB: 1-1-154; NILA: 01.001.133॥
and garments of various kinds, cloaks and coverings, costly blankets and hides, and coverlets made from the wool of the ranku deer. (KUMB: 1-1-154; NILA: 01.001.133)
[PV-PAN:01_001_129] (Bharata)
samr̥ddhāṁ tāṁ tathā dr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍavānāṁ tadā śriyam।īrṣyāsamutthaḥ sumahāṁstasya manyurajāyata ॥BORI: 1-001-88॥
Seeing then the Pāṇḍavas’ abundant prosperity, a tremendous anger born of envy arose in him. (BORI: 1-001-88)
[PV-PAN:01_001_130] (Bharata)
vimānapratimāṁ cāpi mayēna sukr̥tāṁ sabhām।pāṇḍavānāmupahr̥tāṁ sa dr̥ṣṭvā paryatapyata ॥BORI: 1-001-89॥
He was tormented at the sight of the splendid assembly hall, resembling a celestial palace, which Maya had built and presented to the Pandavas. (BORI: 1-001-89)
[PV-PAN:01_001_131] (Bharata)
yatrāvahasitaścāsītpraskandanniva sambhramāt।pratyakṣaṁ vāsudēvasya bhīmēnānabhijātavat ॥BORI: 1-001-90॥
where, as he stumbled in confusion, Bhima had laughed at him like a man of low birth, in Vasudeva’s presence. (BORI: 1-001-90)
[PV-PAN:01_001_132] (Bharata)
sa bhōgānvividhānbhuñjanratnāni vividhāni ca। kathitō dhr̥tarāṣṭrasya vivarṇō hariṇaḥ kr̥śaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-91॥
Though enjoying many kinds of pleasures and various jewels, he was described to Dhritarashtra as wan, sallow, and emaciated. (BORI: 1-001-91)
[PV-PAN:01_001_133] (Bharata)
anvajānāttatō dyūtaṁ dhr̥tarāṣṭraḥ sutapriyaḥ। tacchrutvā vāsudēvasya kōpaḥ samabhavanmahān ॥BORI: 1-001-92॥
Then Dhritarashtra, devoted to his son, gave permission for the dice game. On hearing this, Vasudeva became exceedingly angry. (BORI: 1-001-92)
[PV-PAN:01_001_134] (Bharata)
nātiprītamanāḥ ca āsīt vivādāṁś ca anvamōdata। dyūtādīn nayān ghōrān pravr̥ddhāṁś ca api upaikṣata ॥BORI: 1-001-93॥
Though not greatly pleased, he condoned the disputes and ignored the dreadful practices beginning with gambling, even as they escalated. (BORI: 1-001-93)
[PV-PAN:01_001_135] (Bharata)
nirasya viduraṁ drōṇaṁ bhīṣmaṁ śāradvataṁ kr̥pam। vigrahē tumulē tasmin ahan kṣatraṁ parasparam ॥BORI: 1-001-94॥
Casting aside Vidura, Drona, Bhishma, and Kripa, son of Sharadvat, he destroyed the warrior class through mutual slaughter in that tumultuous conflict. (BORI: 1-001-94)
[PV-PAN:01_001_136] (Bharata)
jayatsu pāṇḍuputrēṣu śrutvā sumahadapriyam। duryōdhanamataṁ jñātvā karṇasya śakunēḥ tathā ॥BORI: 1-001-95॥
Hearing the deeply unwelcome news that the sons of Pandu were victorious, and learning the views of Duryodhana, Karna, and Shakuni as well... (BORI: 1-001-95)
[PV-PAN:01_001_137] (Bharata)
dhr̥tarāṣṭraḥ ciraṁ dhyātvā sañjayaṁ vākyam abravīt ॥BORI: 1-001-95॥
After pondering for a long time, Dhritarashtra said to Sanjaya: (BORI: 1-001-95)
[PV-PAN:01_001_138] (Bharata)
śr̥ṇu sañjaya mē sarvaṁ na mē’sūyitumarhasi। śrutavānasi mēdhāvī buddhimānprājñasaṁmataḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-96॥
Listen, Sanjaya, to all that I have to say, and do not find fault with me. You are learned, discerning, intelligent, and esteemed by the wise. (BORI: 1-001-96)
[PV-PAN:01_001_139] (Bharata)
na vigrahē mama matiḥ na ca prīyē kurukṣayē। na mē viśēṣaḥ putrēṣu svēṣu pāṇḍusutēṣu ca ॥BORI: 1-001-97॥
My mind is not set on conflict, nor do I delight in the destruction of the Kurus. I make no distinction between my own sons and the sons of Pandu. (BORI: 1-001-97)
[PV-PAN:01_001_140] (Bharata)
vr̥ddhaṁ māmabhyasūyanti putrā manyu-parāyaṇāḥ। ahaṁ tu acakṣuḥ kārpaṇyāt putra-prītyā sahāmi tat ॥BORI: 1-001-98॥
My wrathful sons resent me because I am old; but blind and weak-hearted, I endure it out of love for my sons. (BORI: 1-001-98)
[PV-PAN:01_001_141] (Bharata)
muhyantaṁ ca anumuhyāmi duryōdhanam acētanam ॥BORI: 1-001-98॥
And I share in the delusion of the witless Duryodhana as he goes astray. (BORI: 1-001-98)
[PV-PAN:01_001_142] (Bharata)
rājasūyē śriyaṁ dr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍavasya mahaujasaḥ। tacca avahasanaṁ prāpya sabhārōhaṇadarśanē ॥BORI: 1-001-99॥
Having seen at the Rājasūya the splendor of the mighty Pāṇḍava and having been subjected to ridicule at the sight of his entrance into the assembly hall... (BORI: 1-001-99)
[PV-PAN:01_001_143] (Bharata)
amarṣitaḥ svayaṁ jētuṁ aśaktaḥ pāṇḍavān raṇē। nirutsāhaśca samprāptuṁ śriyam akṣatriyaḥ yathā ॥BORI: 1-001-100॥
Unable to bear it, yet powerless to defeat the Pandavas himself in battle and lacking the resolve to attain such prosperity, like one who was no Kshatriya… (BORI: 1-001-100)
[PV-PAN:01_001_144] (Bharata)
gāndhārarājasahitaḥ chadmadyūtam amantrayat ॥BORI: 1-001-100॥
Together with the king of Gandhara, he planned a deceitful dice game. (BORI: 1-001-100)
[PV-PAN:01_001_145] (Bharata)
tatra yadyat yathā jñātaṁ mayā sañjaya tat śr̥ṇu। śrutvā hi mama vākyāni buddhyā yuktāni tattvataḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-101॥
Sanjaya, listen to everything I have learned there, just as it happened. For when you have heard my words, grounded in reason and truth... (BORI: 1-001-101)
[PV-PAN:01_001_146] (Bharata)
tataḥ jñāsyasi māṁ sautē prajñā-cakṣuṣam iti uktam ॥BORI: 1-001-101॥
Then, O son of a Suta, you will know me to be what is called “one whose eye is wisdom.” (BORI: 1-001-101)
[PV-PAN:01_001_147] (Bharata)
śōcyāḥ gāndhārī putrapautraiḥ vihīnā; tathā vadhvaḥ pitr̥bhiḥ bhrātr̥bhiḥ ca। kr̥taṁ kāryaṁ duṣkaraṁ pāṇḍavēyaiḥ; prāptaṁ rājyaṁ asapatnaṁ punaḥ taiḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-157॥
Gandhari is to be pitied, bereft of her sons and grandsons, as are the widows, bereft of their fathers and brothers. The sons of Pandu have accomplished a difficult task, and they have regained a kingdom free of rivals. (BORI: 1-001-157)
[PV-PAN:01_001_219] (Bharata)
kaṣṭaṁ yuddhē daśa śēṣāḥ śrutāḥ mē; trayaḥ asmākaṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca sapta। dvi-ūnā viṁśatiḥ āhata-akṣauhiṇīnāṁ; tasmin saṁgrāmē vigrahē kṣatriyāṇām ॥BORI: 1-001-158॥
Alas, I have heard that only ten survived the battle—three on our side and seven on the Pandavas’—while eighteen armies were struck down in that conflict among the Kshatriyas. (BORI: 1-001-158)
[PV-PAN:01_001_220] (Bharata)
tamasā tu abhyavastīrṇō; mōhaḥ āviśatīva mām। sañjñāṁ na upalabhē sūta; manaḥ vihvalatīva mē ॥BORI: 1-001-159॥
I am engulfed in darkness, and bewilderment seems to overcome me. I cannot regain my senses, Suta; my mind seems to reel. (BORI: 1-001-159)
[PV-PAN:01_001_221] (Bharata)
iti uktvā dhr̥tarāṣṭraḥ atha; vilapya bahu-duḥkhitaḥ। mūrcchitaḥ punaḥ āśvastaḥ; sañjayaṁ vākyam abravīt ॥BORI: 1-001-160॥
Having spoken thus, Dhritarashtra lamented in deep distress and fainted. When he had recovered, he said to Sanjaya: (BORI: 1-001-160)
[PV-PAN:01_001_222] (Bharata)
sañjaya ēvam gatē prāṇān tyaktum icchāmi mā ciram। stōkam hi api na paśyāmi phalam jīvita-dhāraṇē ॥BORI: 1-001-161॥
Sanjaya, now that matters have come to this, I wish to give up my life without delay, for I see not even the slightest benefit in continuing to live. (BORI: 1-001-161)
[PV-PAN:01_001_223] (Bharata)
taṁ tathā vādinaṁ dīnaṁ vilapantaṁ mahīpatim । niḥśvasantaṁ yathā nāgaṁ muhyamānaṁ punaḥ punaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-246; NILA: 01.001.221॥
The wretched king, speaking thus and lamenting, sighing like a serpent and repeatedly losing consciousness… (KUMB: 1-1-246; NILA: 01.001.221)
[PV-PAN:01_001_224] (Bharata)
taṁ tathā vādinaṁ dīnaṁ vilapantaṁ mahīpatim। gāvalgaṇiḥ idaṁ dhīmān mahārthaṁ vākyam abravīt ॥BORI: 1-001-162॥
To the despondent king, who was speaking and lamenting in this way, the wise son of Gavalgana spoke these profoundly significant words: (BORI: 1-001-162)
[PV-PAN:01_001_225] (Bharata)
tava putrāḥ durātmānaḥ prataptāḥ ca ēva manyunā। lubdhāḥ durvr̥tta-bhūyiṣṭhāḥ na tān śōcitum arhasi ॥BORI: 1-001-183॥
Your sons were wicked, inflamed by anger, greedy, and overwhelmingly prone to misconduct. You should not grieve for them. (BORI: 1-001-183)
[PV-PAN:01_001_246] (Bharata)
śrutavān asi mēdhāvī buddhimān prājña-sammataḥ। yēṣāṁ śāstra-anugā buddhiḥ na tē muhyanti bhārata ॥BORI: 1-001-184॥
You are learned, discerning, intelligent, and esteemed by the wise. Those whose understanding follows the teachings do not fall into delusion, descendant of Bharata. (BORI: 1-001-184)
[PV-PAN:01_001_247] (Bharata)
nigraha-anugrahau ca api viditau tē narādhipa। na atyantam ēva anuvr̥ttiḥ śrūyatē putra-rakṣaṇē ॥BORI: 1-001-185॥
You also understand restraint and favor, O king. It is said that one should not go to extremes in protecting one’s sons. (BORI: 1-001-185)
[PV-PAN:01_001_248] (Bharata)
bhavitavyaṁ tathā tat ca; na ataḥ śōcitum arhasi। daivaṁ prajñā-viśēṣēṇa; kaḥ nivartitum arhati ॥BORI: 1-001-186॥
It was destined to be so; therefore you should not grieve. Who can avert fate through superior wisdom? (BORI: 1-001-186)
[PV-PAN:01_001_249] (Bharata)
vidhātr̥-vihitaṁ mārgaṁ; na kaścit ati vartatē। kāla-mūlam idaṁ sarvaṁ; bhāva-abhāvau sukha-asukhē ॥BORI: 1-001-187॥
No one can overstep the path ordained by the Creator. All this is rooted in time—existence and nonexistence, happiness and unhappiness. (BORI: 1-001-187)
[PV-PAN:01_001_250] (Bharata)
kālaḥ pacati bhūtāni; kālaḥ saṁharati prajāḥ। nirdahantaṁ prajāḥ kālaṁ; kālaḥ śamayatē punaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-188॥
Time ripens all beings; time destroys all creatures. And time in turn extinguishes time as it burns up creatures. (BORI: 1-001-188)
[PV-PAN:01_001_251] (Bharata)
kālaḥ vikurutē bhāvān; sarvān lōkē śubha-aśubhān। kālaḥ saṅkṣipatē sarvāḥ; prajāḥ visr̥jatē punaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-189॥
Time transforms all conditions in the world, both good and bad. Time gathers up all creatures and sends them forth again. (BORI: 1-001-189)
[PV-PAN:01_001_252] (Bharata)
kālaḥ suptēṣu jāgarti kālō hi duratikramaḥ । kālaḥ sarvēṣu bhūtēṣu caratyavidhataḥ samaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-275; NILA: 01.001.250॥
Time keeps watch while others sleep, for Time is difficult to overcome. Time moves impartially among all beings, unhindered. (KUMB: 1-1-275; NILA: 01.001.250)
[PV-PAN:01_001_253] (Bharata)
kālaḥ sarvēṣu bhūtēṣu; carati avidhr̥taḥ samaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-189॥
Time moves equally among all beings, unchecked. (BORI: 1-001-189)
[PV-PAN:01_001_254] (Bharata)
sūta uvāca॥
The Suta said:
[PV-PAN:01_001_256] (Bharata)
ityēvaṁ putraśōkārtaṁ dhr̥tarāṣṭraṁ janēśvaram । āśvāsya svasthamakarōtsūtō gāvalgaṇistadā ॥KUMB: 1-1-277; NILA: 01.001.252॥
Having thus consoled King Dhritarashtra, who was tormented by grief for his sons, the Suta, son of Gavalgana, restored him to composure. (KUMB: 1-1-277; NILA: 01.001.252)
[PV-PAN:01_001_257] (Bharata)
dhr̥tarāṣṭrō’pi tacchrutvā dhr̥timēva samāśrayat । diṣṭyēdamāgatamiti mattvā sa prājñasattamaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-1-278॥
Having heard this, Dhritarashtra too took refuge in fortitude, thinking, “By fate this has come to pass”—that wisest of men. (KUMB: 1-1-278)
[PV-PAN:01_001_258] (Bharata)
tapaḥ na kalkaḥ adhyayanaṁ na kalkaḥ। svābhāvikaḥ vēdavidhiḥ na kalkaḥ। prasahya vitta-āharaṇaṁ na kalkaḥ; tāni ēva bhāva-upahatāni kalkaḥ ॥BORI: 1-001-210॥
Asceticism is not sinful; study is not sinful; the natural ordinance of the Veda is not sinful; forcibly seizing wealth is not sinful. But those very things are sinful when corrupted by one’s motives. (BORI: 1-001-210)
[PV-PAN:01_001_280] (Bharata)
ētadakhilamākhyātaṁ bhārataṁ parvasaṅgrahāt । aṣṭādaśa samājagmurakṣauhiṇyō yuyutsayā । tanmahaddāruṇaṁ yuddhamahānyaṣṭādaśābhavat ॥BORI: 1-002-234॥
This entire Bhārata has been set forth through the summary of its books. Eighteen armies assembled, eager for battle, and that great and terrible war lasted eighteen days. (BORI: 1-002-234)
[PV-PAN:01_001_562] (Bharata)
yō vidyāccaturō vēdānsāṅgōpaniṣadāndvijaḥ । na cākhyānamidaṁ vidyānnaiva sa syādvicakṣaṇaḥ ॥BORI: 1-002-235॥
A twice-born man who knew the four Vedas, together with their ancillary disciplines and the Upanishads, but did not know this narrative, would not be truly learned. (BORI: 1-002-235)
[PV-KDV:01_001_563] (Bharata)
śrutvā tvidamupākhyānaṁ śrāvyamanyanna rōcatē । puṁskōkilarutaṁ śrutvā rūkṣā dhvāṅkṣasya vāgiva ॥BORI: 1-002-236॥
After hearing this tale, one takes no pleasure in hearing any other—just as, after hearing the male cuckoo’s song, one finds the crow’s harsh voice unpleasing. (BORI: 1-002-236)
[PV-PAN:01_001_564] (Bharata)
itihāsōttamādasmājjāyantē kavibuddhayaḥ । pañcabhya iva bhūtēbhyō lōkasaṁvidhayastrayaḥ ॥BORI: 1-002-237॥
From this finest of histories arise the inspirations of poets, just as the three realms of the world arise from the five elements. (BORI: 1-002-237)
[PV-PAN:01_001_565] (Bharata)
asyākhyānasya viṣayē purāṇaṁ vartatē dvijāḥ । antarikṣasya viṣayē prajā iva caturvidhāḥ ॥BORI: 1-002-238॥
The Purana lies within the compass of this narrative, O twice-born ones, just as the four kinds of creatures dwell within the realm of space. (BORI: 1-002-238)
[PV-PAN:01_001_566] (Bharata)
kriyāguṇānāṁ sarvēṣāmidamākhyānamāśrayaḥ । indriyāṇāṁ samastānāṁ citrā iva manaḥkriyāḥ ॥BORI: 1-002-239॥
This narrative is the basis of all actions and qualities, just as the manifold activity of the mind is the basis of all the senses. (BORI: 1-002-239)
[PV-KDV:01_001_567] (Bharata)
anāśrityaitadākhyānaṁ kathā bhuvi na vidyatē । āhāramanapāśritya śarīrasyēva dhāraṇam ॥BORI: 1-002-240॥
No tale exists on earth that does not draw upon this narrative, just as the body cannot be sustained without food. (BORI: 1-002-240)
[PV-KDV:01_001_568] (Bharata)
idaṁ sarvaiḥ kavivarairākhyānamupajīvyatē । udayaprēpsubhirbhr̥tyairabhijāta ivēśvaraḥ ॥BORI: 1-002-241॥
All the finest poets draw sustenance from this narrative, just as servants seeking advancement depend upon a noble lord. (BORI: 1-002-241)
[PV-PAN:01_001_569] (Bharata)
dvaipāyanauṣṭhapuṭaniḥsr̥tamapramēyaṁ; puṇyaṁ pavitramatha pāpaharaṁ śivaṁ ca । yō bhārataṁ samadhigacchati vācyamānaṁ; kiṁ tasya puṣkarajalairabhiṣēcanēna ॥BORI: 1-002-242॥
What need has one who listens to the immeasurable, holy, purifying, sin-destroying, and auspicious Bharata as it is recited—issued from Dvaipayana’s lips—to bathe in the waters of Pushkara? (BORI: 1-002-242)
[PV-PAN:01_001_570] (Bharata)
ākhyānaṁ tadidamanuttamaṁ mahārthaṁ; vinyastaṁ mahadiha parvasaṅgrahēṇa । śrutvādau bhavati nr̥ṇāṁ sukhāvagāhaṁ; vistīrṇaṁ lavaṇajalaṁ yathā plavēna ॥BORI: 1-002-243॥
This great, unsurpassed narrative, profound in meaning, has been set out here in a summary of its books. Once people have heard this at the outset, it becomes easy for them to enter, like the vast ocean of salt water with a boat. (BORI: 1-002-243)
[PV-KDV:01_001_571] (Bharata)