Chapter 1: Preface: Overview of the Bhārata, Layered Meanings, and Expansion
जयति पराशरसूनुः सत्यवतीहृदयनन्दनो व्यासः। यस्यास्यकमलगलितं वाङ्मयममृतं जगत्पिबति ॥
Victorious is Vyāsa, the son of Parāśara and the delight of Satyavatī’s heart; the whole world drinks the immortal nectar of literature flowing from the lotus of his mouth.
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The core narrative of Jaya is much older than the Nara-Nārāyaṇa narrative. Hence, it requires a more common Vyāsa invocation, without Nara, that is popular in most of the Purāṇas and is also found later in the Mahābhārata.
नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम्। देवीं सरस्वतीं चैव ततो जयमुदीरयेत् ॥BORI: १-००१-०॥
Having bowed to Narayana, to Nara, the best of men, and to the goddess Sarasvati, one should then proclaim Jaya. (BORI: 1-001-0)
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लोमहर्षणपुत्र उग्रश्रवाः सूतः पौराणिको नैमिषारण्ये शौनकस्य कुलपतेर्द्वादशवार्षिके सत्रे ॥BORI: १-००१-१॥
Ugraśravas, the Suta, son of Lomaharṣaṇa and a reciter of ancient lore, at Kulapati Śaunaka’s twelve-year sacrificial session in the Naimiṣa Forest… (BORI: 1-001-1)
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समासीनानभ्यगच्छद्ब्रह्मर्षीन्संशितव्रतान्। विनयावनतो भूत्वा कदाचित्सूतनन्दनः ॥BORI: १-००१-२॥
One day, the Suta’s son bowed respectfully and approached the seated Brahmarshis, who were firm in their vows. (BORI: 1-001-2)
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तमाश्रममनुप्राप्तं नैमिषारण्यवासिनः। चित्राः श्रोतुं कथास्तत्र परिवव्रुस्तपस्विनः ॥BORI: १-००१-३॥
When he arrived at the hermitage, the ascetics dwelling in the Naimisha Forest gathered around him there to hear wondrous tales. (BORI: 1-001-3)
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अभिवाद्य मुनींस्तांस्तु सर्वानेव कृताञ्जलिः।अपृच्छत्स तपोवृद्धिं सद्भिश्चैवाभिनन्दितः ॥BORI: १-००१-४॥
With palms joined, he greeted all those sages and asked about the progress of their austerities; the holy men welcomed him in turn. (BORI: 1-001-4)
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अथ तेषूपविष्टेषु सर्वेष्वेव तपस्विषु।निर्दिष्टमासनं भेजे विनयाल्लोमहर्षणिः ॥BORI: १-००१-५॥
Then, when all the ascetics had taken their seats, Lomaharshana respectfully took the seat assigned to him. (BORI: 1-001-5)
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सुखासीनं ततस्तं तु विश्रान्तमुपलक्ष्य च।अथापृच्छदृषिस्तत्र कश्चित्प्रस्तावयन्कथाः ॥BORI: १-००१-६॥
Then, seeing that he was comfortably seated and rested, one of the sages there began a conversation and asked: (BORI: 1-001-6)
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कुत आगम्यते सौते क्व चायं विहृतस्त्वया।कालः कमलपत्राक्ष शंसैतत्पृच्छतो मम ॥BORI: १-००१-७॥
Where have you come from, O Suta, and where have you spent this time, lotus-eyed one? Tell me this, for I ask you. (BORI: 1-001-7)
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सूत उवाच॥
The Suta said:
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जनमेजयस्य राजर्षेः सर्पसत्रे महात्मनः।समीपे पार्थिवेन्द्रस्य सम्यक्पारिक्षितस्य च ॥BORI: १-००१-८॥
At the snake sacrifice of the great royal sage Janamejaya, in the presence of that foremost of kings, the worthy son of Parikshit... (BORI: 1-001-8)
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कृष्णद्वैपायनप्रोक्ताः सुपुण्या विविधाः कथाः।कथिताश्चापि विधिवद्या वैशम्पायनेन वै ॥BORI: १-००१-९॥
the various, most sacred tales proclaimed by Krishna Dvaipayana and duly recounted by Vaishampayana... (BORI: 1-001-9)
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श्रुत्वाहं ता विचित्रार्था महाभारतसंश्रिताः।बहूनि सम्परिक्रम्य तीर्थान्यायतनानि च ॥BORI: १-००१-१०॥
After hearing those stories of varied content contained in the Mahabharata, and visiting many sacred fords and shrines… (BORI: 1-001-10)
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समन्तपञ्चकं नाम पुण्यं द्विजनिषेवितम्।गतवानस्मि तं देशं युद्धं यत्राभवत्पुरा ॥BORI: १-००१-११॥
I went to the sacred land called Samantapañcaka, frequented by Brahmins, where long ago there was a war... (BORI: 1-001-11)
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पाण्डवानां कुरूणां च सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम् ॥BORI: १-००१-११॥
between the Pandavas, the Kurus, and all the kings. (BORI: 1-001-11)
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दिदृक्षुरागतस्तस्मात्समीपं भवतामिह।आयुष्मन्तः सर्व एव ब्रह्मभूता हि मे मताः ॥BORI: १-००१-१२॥
Wishing to see them, I have therefore come here into your presence. Long-lived ones, I indeed regard you all as having become Brahman. (BORI: 1-001-12)
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अस्मिन्यज्ञे महाभागाः सूर्यपावकवर्चसः।कृताभिषेकाः शुचयः कृतजप्या हुताग्नयः ॥BORI: १-००१-१३॥
In this sacrifice, O greatly blessed ones, radiant as the sun and fire, you sit here after performing your ablutions, purified, having recited your prayers and offered oblations into the fire… (BORI: 1-001-13)
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भवन्त आसते स्वस्था ब्रवीमि किमहं द्विजाः ॥BORI: १-००१-१३॥
You are seated here at ease. What shall I tell you, O Brahmins— (BORI: 1-001-13)
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पुराणसंश्रिताः पुण्याः कथा वा धर्मसंश्रिताः।इतिवृत्तं नरेन्द्राणामृषीणां च महात्मनाम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१४॥
Sacred tales drawn from the Puranas or concerning dharma; the history of kings and great-souled seers? (BORI: 1-001-14)
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ऋषय ऊचुः॥
The seers said:
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द्वैपायनेन यत्प्रोक्तं पुराणं परमर्षिणा।सुरैर्ब्रह्मर्षिभिश्चैव श्रुत्वा यदभिपूजितम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१५॥
That Purana which was proclaimed by the great seer Dvaipayana and, upon being heard by the gods and Brahmarshis, was highly esteemed... (BORI: 1-001-15)
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तस्याख्यानवरिष्ठस्य विचित्रपदपर्वणः।सूक्ष्मार्थन्याययुक्तस्य वेदार्थैर्भूषितस्य च ॥BORI: १-००१-१६॥
of that finest of narratives, with its varied words and sections, endowed with subtle meanings and reasoning, and adorned with the meanings of the Vedas... (BORI: 1-001-16)
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This verse of the Mahābhārata specifically alludes to layered meanings, particularly those of the Vedas.
भारतस्येतिहासस्य पुण्यां ग्रन्थार्थसंयुताम्।संस्कारोपगतां ब्राह्मीं नानाशास्त्रोपबृंहिताम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१७॥
the sacred history of the Bhāratas, replete with the meaning of the work, refined, holy, and enriched by many śāstras… (BORI: 1-001-17)
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जनमेजयस्य यां राज्ञो वैशम्पायन उक्तवान्।यथावत्स ऋषिस्तुष्ट्या सत्रे द्वैपायनाज्ञया ॥BORI: १-००१-१८॥
which the sage Vaishampayana accurately and gladly recited to King Janamejaya at the sacrificial session, at Dvaipayana’s command... (BORI: 1-001-18)
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वेदैश्चतुर्भिः समितां व्यासस्याद्भुतकर्मणः।संहितां श्रोतुमिच्छामो धर्म्यां पापभयापहाम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१९॥
We wish to hear that sacred compilation of Vyasa, the performer of wondrous deeds, which is equal to the four Vedas, accords with dharma, and dispels the fear of sin. (BORI: 1-001-19)
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सूत उवाच॥
The Suta said:
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आद्यं पुरुषमीशानं पुरुहूतं पुरुष्टुतम्।ऋतमेकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्यक्ताव्यक्तं सनातनम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२०॥
the primal Person, the Lord, much invoked and much praised; the eternal Brahman—truth, the single syllable, manifest and unmanifest… (BORI: 1-001-20)
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असच्च सच्चैव च यद्विश्वं सदसतः परम्।परावराणां स्रष्टारं पुराणं परमव्ययम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२१॥
that which is both non-being and being, which is the universe and transcends both being and non-being; the creator of all, high and low, the ancient, supreme, imperishable one… (BORI: 1-001-21)
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मङ्गल्यं मङ्गलं विष्णुं वरेण्यमनघं शुचिम्।नमस्कृत्य हृषीकेशं चराचरगुरुं हरिम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२२॥
Having bowed to Vishnu—auspicious, the source of auspiciousness, most excellent, faultless, and pure—to Hrishikesha, Hari, the teacher of all that moves and does not move… (BORI: 1-001-22)
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महर्षेः पूजितस्येह सर्वलोके महात्मनः।प्रवक्ष्यामि मतं कृत्स्नं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ॥BORI: १-००१-२३॥
I shall now set forth in full the teaching of the great-souled Vyasa, the immensely radiant great seer honored throughout the world. (BORI: 1-001-23)
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आचख्युः कवयः केचित्सम्प्रत्याचक्षते परे।आख्यास्यन्ति तथैवान्ये इतिहासमिमं भुवि ॥BORI: १-००१-२४॥
Some poets have recounted this history, others are recounting it now, and still others will likewise recount it here on earth. (BORI: 1-001-24)
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इदं तु त्रिषु लोकेषु महज्ज्ञानं प्रतिष्ठितम्।विस्तरैश्च समासैश्च धार्यते यद्द्विजातिभिः ॥BORI: १-००१-२५॥
But this great body of knowledge, established in the three worlds and preserved by the twice-born in both detailed and abridged forms... (BORI: 1-001-25)
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अलङ्कृतं शुभैः शब्दैः समयैर्दिव्यमानुषैः।छन्दोवृत्तैश्च विविधैरन्वितं विदुषां प्रियम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२६॥
Adorned with auspicious words and divine and human conventions, furnished with various metres and rhythms, and cherished by the learned… (BORI: 1-001-26)
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निष्प्रभेऽस्मिन्निरालोके सर्वतस्तमसावृते।बृहदण्डमभूदेकं प्रजानां बीजमक्षयम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२७॥
In this lightless, unillumined expanse, enveloped on every side in darkness, there arose a single vast egg, the imperishable seed of all creatures. (BORI: 1-001-27)
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युगस्यादौ निमित्तं तन्महद्दिव्यं प्रचक्षते।यस्मिंस्तच्छ्रूयते सत्यं ज्योतिर्ब्रह्म सनातनम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२८॥
At the beginning of the age, they declare it to be the great divine cause, within which, it is said, is that true light, eternal Brahman… (BORI: 1-001-28)
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अद्भुतं चाप्यचिन्त्यं च सर्वत्र समतां गतम्।अव्यक्तं कारणं सूक्ष्मं यत्तत्सदसदात्मकम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२९॥
wondrous and inconceivable, equally present everywhere—the unmanifest, subtle cause, that which is of the nature of both being and non-being... (BORI: 1-001-29)
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यस्मात्पितामहो जज्ञे प्रभुरेकः प्रजापतिः।ब्रह्मा सुरगुरुः स्थाणुर्मनुः कः परमेष्ठ्यथ ॥BORI: १-००१-३०॥
from which was born the Grandfather—the sole lord Prajāpati Brahmā, teacher of the gods—and then Sthāṇu, Manu, Ka, and Parameṣṭhin… (BORI: 1-001-30)
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प्राचेतसस्तथा दक्षो दक्षपुत्राश्च सप्त ये।ततः प्रजानां पतयः प्राभवन्नेकविंशतिः ॥BORI: १-००१-३१॥
and likewise Daksha, son of Prachetas, and the seven sons of Daksha. Then the twenty-one lords of creatures came into being. (BORI: 1-001-31)
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पुरुषश्चाप्रमेयात्मा यं सर्वमृषयो विदुः।विश्वेदेवास्तथादित्या वसवोऽथाश्विनावपि ॥BORI: १-००१-३२॥
and Purusha, whose nature is immeasurable and whom the sages know as the All; likewise the Vishvedevas, the Adityas, the Vasus, and the two Ashvins… (BORI: 1-001-32)
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यक्षाः साध्याः पिशाचाश्च गुह्यकाः पितरस्तथा।ततः प्रसूता विद्वांसः शिष्टा ब्रह्मर्षयोऽमलाः ॥BORI: १-००१-३३॥
the Yakshas, Sadhyas, Pisachas, Guhyakas, and Pitrs as well. From him were born learned, virtuous, and pure Brahmarshis... (BORI: 1-001-33)
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राजर्षयश्च बहवः सर्वैः समुदिता गुणैः।आपो द्यौः पृथिवी वायुरन्तरिक्षं दिशस्तथा ॥BORI: १-००१-३४॥
and many royal seers, endowed with every virtue; the waters, heaven, earth, wind, the atmosphere, and the directions; (BORI: 1-001-34)
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संवत्सरर्तवो मासाः पक्षाहोरात्रयः क्रमात्।यच्चान्यदपि तत्सर्वं सम्भूतं लोकसाक्षिकम् ॥BORI: १-००१-३५॥
Years, seasons, months, fortnights, days, and nights arose in due order, as did everything else that is manifest to the world. (BORI: 1-001-35)
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यदिदं दृश्यते किञ्चिद्भूतं स्थावरजङ्गमम्।पुनः सङ्क्षिप्यते सर्वं जगत्प्राप्ते युगक्षये ॥BORI: १-००१-३६॥
Whatever is seen here among existing things, whether stationary or moving, is all withdrawn again when the end of the age arrives. (BORI: 1-001-36)
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यथर्तावृतुलिङ्गानि नानारूपाणि पर्यये।दृश्यन्ते तानि तान्येव तथा भावा युगादिषु ॥BORI: १-००१-३७॥
Just as the varied signs of the seasons appear in their succession, the very same each time, so too do beings at the beginnings of the ages. (BORI: 1-001-37)
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एवमेतदनाद्यन्तं भूतसंहारकारकम्।अनादिनिधनं लोके चक्रं सम्परिवर्तते ॥BORI: १-००१-३८॥
Thus this beginningless and endless cycle, which brings about the dissolution of beings and has neither origin nor end, revolves in the world. (BORI: 1-001-38)
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त्रयस्त्रिंशत्सहस्राणि त्रयस्त्रिंशच्छतानि च।त्रयस्त्रिंशच्च देवानां सृष्टिः सङ्क्षेपलक्षणा ॥BORI: १-००१-३९॥
The creation of the gods, stated in brief, numbers thirty-three thousand, thirty-three hundred, and thirty-three. (BORI: 1-001-39)
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दिवस्पुत्रो बृहद्भानुश्चक्षुरात्मा विभावसुः।सविता च ऋचीकोऽर्को भानुराशावहो रविः ॥BORI: १-००१-४०॥
Divasputra, Bṛhadbhānu, Cakṣus, Ātman, Vibhāvasu, Savitṛ, Ṛcīka, Arka, Bhānu, Āśāvaha, and Ravi… (BORI: 1-001-40)
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पुत्रा विवस्वतः सर्वे मह्यस्तेषां तथावरः।देवभ्राट्तनयस्तस्य तस्मात्सुभ्राडिति स्मृतः ॥BORI: १-००१-४१॥
All were sons of Vivasvat, and Mahya was the youngest among them. His son was Devabhrat, from whom came the one known as Subhrat. (BORI: 1-001-41)
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सुभ्राजस्तु त्रयः पुत्राः प्रजावन्तो बहुश्रुताः।दशज्योतिः शतज्योतिः सहस्रज्योतिरात्मवान् ॥BORI: १-००१-४२॥
Subhrāj had three sons, blessed with offspring and highly learned: Daśajyotis, Śatajyotis, and the self-possessed Sahasrajyotis. (BORI: 1-001-42)
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दश पुत्रसहस्राणि दशज्योतेर्महात्मनः।ततो दशगुणाश्चान्ये शतज्योतेरिहात्मजाः ॥BORI: १-००१-४३॥
The great-souled Dashajyotis had ten thousand sons, while Shatajyotis had ten times as many. (BORI: 1-001-43)
[PV-OTH:01_001_50]
भूयस्ततो दशगुणाः सहस्रज्योतिषः सुताः।तेभ्योऽयं कुरुवंशश्च यदूनां भरतस्य च ॥BORI: १-००१-४४॥
The sons of Sahasrajyotis were again ten times as numerous as those. From them, this Kuru lineage, the lineage of the Yadus, and that of Bharata… (BORI: 1-001-44)
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ययातीक्ष्वाकुवंशश्च राजर्षीणां च सर्वशः।सम्भूता बहवो वंशा भूतसर्गाः सविस्तराः ॥BORI: १-००१-४५॥
the lineages of Yayati and Ikshvaku, and all the lineages of royal sages. Many lineages came into being, as did the orders of creatures in all their fullness. (BORI: 1-001-45)
[PV-OTH:01_001_52]
भूतस्थानानि सर्वाणि रहस्यं त्रिविधं च यत्।वेदयोगं सविज्ञानं धर्मोऽर्थः काम एव च ॥BORI: १-००१-४६॥
all the abodes of beings, the threefold mystery, the application of the Vedas together with full understanding, and duty, wealth, and pleasure… (BORI: 1-001-46)
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धर्मकामार्थशास्त्राणि शास्त्राणि विविधानि च।लोकयात्राविधानं च सम्भूतं दृष्टवानृषिः ॥BORI: १-००१-४७॥
The sage saw that treatises on righteousness, desire, and wealth, various other sciences, and the ordering of worldly life had come into being. (BORI: 1-001-47)
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इतिहासाः सवैयाख्या विविधाः श्रुतयोऽपि च।इह सर्वमनुक्रान्तमुक्तं ग्रन्थस्य लक्षणम् ॥BORI: १-००१-४८॥
Histories with their explanations, and various sacred traditions as well—all this has been covered here, and the character of the work has been stated. (BORI: 1-001-48)
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तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण व्यस्य वेदं सनातनम्।इतिहासमिमं चक्रे पुण्यं सत्यवतीसुतः ॥BORI: १-००१-५२॥
Through austerity and celibacy, Satyavatī’s son arranged the eternal Veda and composed this sacred history. (BORI: 1-001-52)
[PV-KDV:01_001_56]
The austerity and celibacy practised by Vyasa while composing the Mahabharata are highlighted too often.
तस्याख्यानवरिष्ठस्य कृत्वा द्वैपायनः प्रभुः । कथमध्यापयानीह शिष्यानित्यन्वचिन्तयत् ॥KUMB: १-१-८०; NILA: ०१.००१.०५५; NILA: ०१.००१.०५६॥
Having composed that most excellent of narratives, the mighty Dvaipayana reflected, “How shall I teach it here to my disciples?” (KUMB: 1-1-80; NILA: 01.001.055; NILA: 01.001.056)
[PV-KDV:01_001_57]
तस्य तच्चिन्तितं ज्ञात्वा ऋषेर्द्वैपायनस्य च । तत्राजगाम भगवान्ब्रह्मा लोकगुरुः स्वयम् ॥KUMB: १-१-८१; NILA: ०१.००१.०५६; NILA: ०१.००१.०५७॥
Knowing what the sage Dvaipayana was pondering, the blessed Brahma, teacher of the world, came there in person. (KUMB: 1-1-81; NILA: 01.001.056; NILA: 01.001.057)
[PV-KDV:01_001_58]
प्रीत्यर्थं तस्य चैवर्षेर्लोकानां हितकाम्यया । तं दृष्ट्वा विस्मितो भूत्वा प्राञ्जलिः प्रणतः स्थितः ॥KUMB: १-१-८२; NILA: ०१.००१.०५७; NILA: ०१.००१.०५८॥
to please that sage and out of a desire for the welfare of the worlds. Seeing him, the sage stood astonished, bowing with joined palms. (KUMB: 1-1-82; NILA: 01.001.057; NILA: 01.001.058)
[PV-KDV:01_001_59]
आसनं कल्पयामास सर्वैर्मुनिगणैर्वृतः ॥KUMB: १-१-८३; NILA: ०१.००१.०५८॥
Surrounded by all the assembled sages, he prepared a seat. (KUMB: 1-1-83; NILA: 01.001.058)
[PV-KDV:01_001_60]
हिरण्यमर्भमासीनं तस्मिंस्तु परमासने । परिवृत्यासनभ्याशे वासवेयः स्थितोऽभवत् ॥KUMB: १-१-८४; NILA: ०१.००१.०५९॥
Vasava’s son circumambulated Hiranyagarbha, who was seated on that supreme throne, and then stood nearby. (KUMB: 1-1-84; NILA: 01.001.059)
[PV-KDV:01_001_61]
अनुज्ञातोऽथ कृष्णस्तु ब्रह्मणा परमेष्ठिना । निषसादासनाभ्याशे प्रीयमाणः शुचिस्मितः ॥KUMB: १-१-८५; NILA: ०१.००१.०६०॥
Then, with the permission of Brahmā, the Supreme Lord, the pure-smiling Kṛṣṇa sat down nearby, filled with delight. (KUMB: 1-1-85; NILA: 01.001.060)
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उवाच स महातेजा ब्रह्माणं परमेष्ठिनम् । कृतं मयेदं भगवन्काव्यं परमपूजितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-८६; NILA: ०१.००१.०६१॥
Hey
[PV-KDV:01_001_63]
ब्रह्मन्वेदरहस्य च यच्चान्यत्स्थापितं मया । साङ्गोपनिषदां चैव वेदानां विस्तरक्रिया ॥KUMB: १-१-८७; NILA: ०१.००१.०६२॥
O Brahmā, the secret of the Veda and whatever else I have set forth, as well as a detailed exposition of the Vedas together with their ancillary disciplines and Upaniṣads... (KUMB: 1-1-87; NILA: 01.001.062)
[PV-KDV:01_001_64]
There is a clear indication that the subject matter of the Mahabharata is the Vedas and Upanishads, providing insight into their knowledge.
इतिहासप्रदीपेन मोहावरणघातिना । लोकगर्भगृहं कृत्स्नं यथावत्संप्रकाशितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-१०३; NILA: ०१.००१.०८७॥
By the lamp of history, which dispels the veil of delusion, the whole inner chamber of the world has been illuminated just as it is. (KUMB: 1-1-103; NILA: 01.001.087)
[PV-KDV:01_001_65]
संग्रहाध्यायबीजो वै पौलोमास्तीकमूलवान् । संभवस्कन्धविस्तारः सभापर्वविटङ्कवान् ॥KUMB: १-१-१०४; NILA: ०१.००१.०८८॥
with the Saṃgraha chapter as its seed, the Pauloma and Astika as its roots, the Sambhava as its spreading trunk, and the Sabha Parvan as its boughs… (KUMB: 1-1-104; NILA: 01.001.088)
[PV-PAN:01_001_66]
आरण्यपर्वरूपाढ्यो विराटोद्योगसारवान् । भीष्मपर्वमहाशाखो द्रोणपर्वपलाशवान् ॥KUMB: १-१-१०५; NILA: ०१.००१.०८९॥
luxuriant in the form of the Aranyaka Parvan, with the Virata and Udyoga Parvans as its heartwood, the Bhishma Parvan as its great branch, and the Drona Parvan as its leaves... (KUMB: 1-1-105; NILA: 01.001.089)
[PV-PAN:01_001_67]
कर्णपर्वसितैः पुष्पैः शल्यपर्वसुगन्धिभिः । स्त्रीपर्वैषीकविश्रामः शान्तिपर्वमहाफलः ॥KUMB: १-१-१०६; NILA: ०१.००१.०९०॥
with white flowers in the form of the Karṇa Parvan, fragrant with the Śalya Parvan; with the Strī and Aiṣīka Parvans as its resting place, and the Śānti Parvan as its great fruit... (KUMB: 1-1-106; NILA: 01.001.090)
[PV-PAN:01_001_68]
अश्वमेधामृतसस्त्वाश्रमस्थानसंश्रयः । मौसलश्रुतिसंक्षेपः शिष्टद्विजनिषेवितः ॥KUMB: १-१-१०७; NILA: ०१.००१.०९१॥
with the Aśvamedha as its nectar-like sap, the Āśramasthāna as its abode, and the Mausala as its epitome of sacred tradition, frequented by learned Brahmins… (KUMB: 1-1-107; NILA: 01.001.091)
[PV-PAN:01_001_69]
सर्वेषां कविमुख्यानामुपजीव्यो भविष्यति । पर्जन्यइव भूतानामक्षयो भारद्रुमः ॥KUMB: १-१-१०८; NILA: ०१.००१.०९२॥
The inexhaustible, mighty tree will sustain all the foremost poets, just as Parjanya sustains living beings. (KUMB: 1-1-108; NILA: 01.001.092)
[PV-PAN:01_001_70]
काव्यस्य लेखनार्थाय गणेशः स्मर्यतां मुने. ॥KUMB: १-१-१०९; NILA: ०१.००१.०७४॥
O sage, call Ganesha to mind so that he may write the poem. (KUMB: 1-1-109; NILA: 01.001.074)
[PV-KDV:01_001_71]
एवमाभाष्य तं ब्रह्मा जगाम स्वं निवेशनम् । भगवान्स जगत्स्रष्टा ऋषिदेवगणैः सह ॥KUMB: १-१-११०; NILA: ०१.००१.०७४॥
Having spoken to him thus, the blessed Brahmā, creator of the world, departed for his own abode together with the hosts of seers and gods. (KUMB: 1-1-110; NILA: 01.001.074)
[PV-KDV:01_001_72]
ततः सस्मार हेरम्बं व्यासः सत्यवतीसुतः ॥KUMB: १-१-१११; NILA: ०१.००१.०७५॥
Then Vyasa, the son of Satyavati, called Heramba to mind. (KUMB: 1-1-111; NILA: 01.001.075)
[PV-KDV:01_001_73]
स्मृतमात्रो गणेशानो भक्तचिन्तितपूरकः । तत्राजगाम विघ्नेशो वेदव्यासो यतः स्थितः ॥KUMB: १-१-११२; NILA: ०१.००१.०७५; NILA: ०१.००१.०७६॥
As soon as he was remembered, Ganesha, the Lord of Obstacles who fulfills his devotees’ wishes, came to the place where Vedavyasa was staying. (KUMB: 1-1-112; NILA: 01.001.075; NILA: 01.001.076)
[PV-KDV:01_001_74]
पूजितश्चोपविष्टश्च व्यासेनोक्तस्तदानघ । लेखको भारतस्यास्य भव त्वं गणनायक ॥ मयैव प्रोच्यमानस्य मनसा कल्पितस्य च ॥KUMB: १-१-११३; NILA: ०१.००१.०७६; NILA: ०१.००१.०७७॥
After he had been honored and had taken his seat, Vyasa addressed him, O sinless one: “Leader of the Ganas, be the scribe of this Bharata, conceived in my mind and recited by me.” (KUMB: 1-1-113; NILA: 01.001.076; NILA: 01.001.077)
[PV-KDV:01_001_75]
श्रुत्वैतत्प्राह विघ्नेशो यदि मे लेखनी क्षणम् । लिखतो नावतिष्ठेत तदा स्यां लेखको ह्यहम् ॥KUMB: १-१-११४; NILA: ०१.००१.०७८॥
Hearing this, Vighnesha said, “If my pen does not pause for even a moment as I write, then I shall indeed be the scribe.” (KUMB: 1-1-114; NILA: 01.001.078)
[PV-KDV:01_001_76]
व्यासोऽप्युवाच तं देवमबुद्ध्वा मा लिख क्वचित् । ओमित्युक्त्वा गणेशोपि बभूव किल लेखकः ॥KUMB: १-१-११५; NILA: ०१.००१.०७९॥
Vyāsa in turn said to the god, “Never write anything without understanding it.” Saying “Om,” Gaṇeśa then became his scribe. (KUMB: 1-1-115; NILA: 01.001.079)
[PV-KDV:01_001_77]
ग्रन्थग्रन्थिं तदा चक्रे मुनिर्गूढं कुतूहलात् । यस्मिन्प्रतिज्ञया प्राह मुनिर्द्वैपायनस्त्विदम् ॥KUMB: १-१-११६; NILA: ०१.००१.०८०॥
Then, out of curiosity, the sage fashioned an obscure knot in the text, concerning which the sage Dvaipayana made this declaration: (KUMB: 1-1-116; NILA: 01.001.080)
[PV-KDV:01_001_78]
अष्टौ श्लोकसहस्राणि अष्टौ श्लोकशतानि च । अहं वेद्मि शुको वेत्ति संजयो वेत्ति वा न वा ॥KUMB: १-१-११७; NILA: ०१.००१.०८१॥
I know eight thousand eight hundred verses; Śuka knows them, and Saṃjaya may or may not know them. (KUMB: 1-1-117; NILA: 01.001.081)
[PV-KDV:01_001_79]
तच्छ्लोककूटमद्यापि ग्रथितं सुदृढं मुने । भेत्तुं न शक्यतेऽर्थस्यं गूढत्वात्प्रश्रितस्य च ॥KUMB: १-१-११८; NILA: ०१.००१.०८२॥
Even today, O sage, that knot of verses remains firmly tied and cannot be unraveled because its meaning is obscure and compressed. (KUMB: 1-1-118; NILA: 01.001.082)
[PV-KDV:01_001_80]
सर्वज्ञोपि गणेशो यत्क्षणमास्ते विचारयन् । तावच्चकार व्यासोपि श्लोकानन्यान्बहूनपि ॥KUMB: १-१-११९; NILA: ०१.००१.०८३॥
While even the all-knowing Ganesha paused for a moment to consider it, Vyasa composed many other verses. (KUMB: 1-1-119; NILA: 01.001.083)
[PV-KDV:01_001_81]
तस्य वृक्षस्य वक्ष्यामि शाखापुष्पफलोदयम् । स्वादुमेध्यरसोपेतमच्छेद्यममरैरपि ॥KUMB: १-१-१२०; NILA: ०१.००१.०९३॥
I shall describe the growth of that tree—its branches, flowers, and fruit—filled with sweet, wholesome sap and impossible even for the immortals to cut down. (KUMB: 1-1-120; NILA: 01.001.093)
[PV-KDV:01_001_82]
The closely knit core of the Mahabharata consists of 8,800 verses. Even Lord Ganesha struggled to understand them, indicating the depth and layered nature of their knowledge. “Sanjaya may not understand” alludes to the possibility that an ordinary person may not grasp their full depth.
इदं द्वैपायनः पूर्वं पुत्रमध्यापयच्छुकम्।ततोऽन्येभ्योऽनुरूपेभ्यः शिष्येभ्यः प्रददौ प्रभुः ॥BORI: १-००१-६३॥
Dvaipāyana first taught this to his son Śuka; then the master imparted it to other worthy disciples. (BORI: 1-001-63)
[PV-KDV:01_001_83]
जनमेजयेन पृष्टः सन्ब्राह्मणैश्च सहस्रशः।शशास शिष्यमासीनं वैशम्पायनमन्तिके ॥BORI: १-००१-५७॥
When questioned by Janamejaya and by Brahmins in their thousands, he instructed his disciple Vaishampayana, who was seated nearby. (BORI: 1-001-57)
[PV-KDV:01_001_84]
स सदस्यैः सहासीनः श्रावयामास भारतम्।कर्मान्तरेषु यज्ञस्य चोद्यमानः पुनः पुनः ॥BORI: १-००१-५८॥
Seated with the assembly, he recited the Bharata during intervals in the sacrifice, prompted again and again. (BORI: 1-001-58)
[PV-KDV:01_001_85]
चतुर्विंशतिसाहस्रीं चक्रे भारतसंहिताम्।उपाख्यानैर्विना तावद्भारतं प्रोच्यते बुधैः ॥BORI: १-००१-६१॥
He composed the Bhārata collection in twenty-four thousand verses; the learned say that this is the extent of the Bhārata without the subsidiary tales. (BORI: 1-001-61)
[PV-KDV:01_001_86]
Two facts become clear from this verse. First, Vyasa composed the Bharata with only 24,000 verses. Second, the statement that the knowledgeable consider only these 24,000 verses to be the Bharata, excluding the subsidiary texts, indicates a memory of the 24,000-verse text being the original even after its expansion.
विस्तीर्यैतन्महज्ज्ञानमृषिः सङ्क्षेपमब्रवीत्।इष्टं हि विदुषां लोके समासव्यासधारणम् ॥BORI: १-००१-४९॥
After expounding this great body of knowledge at length, the sage also presented it in brief; for learned people in this world value both concise and detailed accounts. (BORI: 1-001-49)
[PV-KDV:01_001_87]
मन्वादि भारतं केचिदास्तीकादि तथापरे।तथोपरिचराद्यन्ये विप्राः सम्यगधीयते ॥BORI: १-००१-५०॥
Some Brahmins study the Bharata properly from the story of Manu onward, others from the story of Astika, and still others from the story of Uparicara. (BORI: 1-001-50)
[PV-KDV:01_001_88]
The verse alludes to the expansion of the Bhārata, in which the story of Manu, beginning in the current chapter, forms the outermost layer; the Āstīka story forms the middle layer; and the Uparicara story forms the inner core.
विविधं संहिताज्ञानं दीपयन्ति मनीषिणः।व्याख्यातुं कुशलाः केचिद्ग्रन्थं धारयितुं परे ॥BORI: १-००१-५१॥
The learned illuminate the diverse lore of the compilation; some are skilled at expounding it, while others can commit the text to memory. (BORI: 1-001-51)
[PV-KDV:01_001_89]
The verse indicates that understanding the layered interpretation of the Mahābhārata is a different skill from merely memorising it.
ततोऽध्यर्धशतं भूयः सङ्क्षेपं कृतवानृषिः।अनुक्रमणिमध्यायं वृत्तान्तानां सपर्वणाम् ॥BORI: १-००१-६२॥
Then the sage made a further abridgment in one hundred and fifty verses: the Anukramaṇī chapter, covering the events together with their books. (BORI: 1-001-62)
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The reference to 150 verses in the Anukramaṇī chapter alludes to a chapter consisting of only 150 verses.
पराशरात्मजो विद्वान्ब्रह्मर्षिः संशितव्रतः।मातुर्नियोगाद्धर्मात्मा गाङ्गेयस्य च धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००१-५३॥
The learned son of Parāśara, a righteous Brahmarṣi of strict vows, at the behest of his mother and of the wise son of Gaṅgā… (BORI: 1-001-53)
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क्षेत्रे विचित्रवीर्यस्य कृष्णद्वैपायनः पुरा।त्रीनग्नीनिव कौरव्याञ्जनयामास वीर्यवान् ॥BORI: १-००१-५४॥
Long ago, the powerful Krishna Dvaipayana fathered three Kauravas, like three fires, in the field of Vicitravirya. (BORI: 1-001-54)
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उत्पाद्य धृतराष्ट्रं च पाण्डुं विदुरमेव च।जगाम तपसे धीमान्पुनरेवाश्रमं प्रति ॥BORI: १-००१-५५॥
After begetting Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and Vidura, the wise man returned once more to his hermitage to practice austerities. (BORI: 1-001-55)
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तेषु जातेषु वृद्धेषु गतेषु परमां गतिम्।अब्रवीद्भारतं लोके मानुषेऽस्मिन्महानृषिः ॥BORI: १-००१-५६॥
When they had been born, grown up, and passed on to the highest state, the great seer recounted the Bharata in this human world. (BORI: 1-001-56)
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विस्तरं कुरुवंशस्य गान्धार्या धर्मशीलताम्।क्षत्तुः प्रज्ञां धृतिं कुन्त्याः सम्यग्द्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-००१-५९॥
Dvaipayana gave a full account of the Kuru lineage, Gandhari’s righteousness, the Kshattri’s wisdom, and Kunti’s steadfastness. (BORI: 1-001-59)
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स सदस्यैः सहासीनः श्रावयामास भारतम्। कर्मान्तरेषु यज्ञस्य चोद्यमानः पुनः पुनः ॥BORI: १-००१-६६॥
Seated with the members of the assembly, he had the Bharata recited during intervals in the sacrifice, being urged to do so again and again. (BORI: 1-001-66)
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विस्तरं कुरुवंशस्य गान्धार्या धर्मशीलताम्। क्षत्तुः प्रज्ञां धृतिं कुन्त्याः सम्यग्द्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-००१-६७॥
Dvaipayana gave a full account of the Kuru lineage, Gandhari’s virtuous conduct, the wisdom of Kshattri, and Kunti’s steadfastness. (BORI: 1-001-67)
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वासुदेवस्य माहात्म्यं पाण्डवानां च सत्यताम्। दुर्वृत्तं धार्तराष्ट्राणामुक्तवान्भगवानृषिः ॥BORI: १-००१-६८॥
The blessed sage spoke of Vasudeva’s greatness, the Pandavas’ truthfulness, and the wicked conduct of Dhritarashtra’s sons. (BORI: 1-001-68)
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वासुदेवस्य माहात्म्यं पाण्डवानां च सत्यताम्।दुर्वृत्तं धार्तराष्ट्राणामुक्तवान्भगवानृषिः ॥BORI: १-००१-६०॥
The blessed sage recounted Vasudeva’s greatness, the Pandavas’ truthfulness, and the wicked conduct of Dhritarashtra’s sons. (BORI: 1-001-60)
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नारदोऽश्रावयद्देवानसितो देवलः पितृन्।गन्धर्वयक्षरक्षांसि श्रावयामास वै शुकः ॥BORI: १-००१-६४॥
Nārada recited it to the gods, Asita Devala to the ancestors, and Śuka recited it to the Gandharvas, Yakṣas, and Rākṣasas. (BORI: 1-001-64)
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दुर्योधनो मन्युमयो महाद्रुमः; स्कन्धः कर्णः शकुनिस्तस्य शाखाः। दुःशासनः पुष्पफले समृद्धे; मूलं राजा धृतराष्ट्रोऽमनीषी ॥BORI: १-००१-६५॥
Duryodhana is a great tree made of wrath; Karna is its trunk, Shakuni its branches, and Duhshasana its abundant flowers and fruits. Its root is the unwise King Dhritarashtra. (BORI: 1-001-65)
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युधिष्ठिरे धर्ममयो महाद्रुमः स्कन्धोऽर्जुनो भीमसेनोऽस्य शाखाः । माद्रीसुतौ पुष्पफले समृद्धे मूलं कृष्णो ब्रह्म च ब्राह्मणाश्च ॥KUMB: १-१-१२९; NILA: ०१.००१.१११॥
In Yudhishthira stands the great tree of dharma: Arjuna is its trunk, Bhimasena its branches, and the two sons of Madri its abundant flowers and fruit; Krishna, Brahman, and the Brahmins are its roots. (KUMB: 1-1-129; NILA: 01.001.111)
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पाण्डुर्जित्वा बहून्देशान्युधा विक्रमणेन च । अरण्ये मृगयाशीलो न्यवसत्सजनस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-१-१३०; NILA: ०१.००१.११२॥
Having conquered many lands through warfare and valor, Pandu lived in the forest with his retinue, devoting himself to hunting. (KUMB: 1-1-130; NILA: 01.001.112)
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मृगव्यवायनिधनात्कृच्छ्रां प्राप स आपदम् । जन्मप्रभृति पार्थानां तत्राचारविधिक्रमः ॥KUMB: १-१-१३१; NILA: ०१.००१.११३॥
By killing a deer while it was mating, he met with a grievous calamity. There follows the ordered account of the Pārthas’ conduct and rites from their birth onward… (KUMB: 1-1-131; NILA: 01.001.113)
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मात्रोरभ्युपपत्तिश्च धर्मोपनिषदं प्रति । धर्मानिलेन्द्रांस्ताभिः साऽऽजुहाव सुतवाञ्छया ॥KUMB: १-१-१३२॥
The two mothers’ acceptance of the secret teaching on dharma, and how she, desiring sons, invoked Dharma, Anila, and Indra by means of them… (KUMB: 1-1-132)
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ततो धर्मोपनिषदं भूत्वा भर्तुः प्रिया पृथा । धर्मानिलेन्द्रांस्ताभिः साऽऽजुहाव सुतवाञ्छया ॥KUMB: १-१-१३३॥
Then Pṛthā, dear to her husband and privy to the secret teaching of dharma, invoked Dharma, Wind, and Indra by those means, longing for sons. (KUMB: 1-1-133)
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तद्दत्तोपनिषन्माद्री चाश्विनावाजुहाव च । जाताः पार्थास्ततः सर्वे कुन्त्या माद्र्याश्च मन्त्रतः.तापसैः सह संवृद्धा मातृभ्यां परिरक्षिताः ॥KUMB: १-१-१३४॥
Madri, having been given that secret formula, also invoked the Ashvins. Thus all the Parthas were born through the mantras of Kunti and Madri, and were raised among ascetics under the protection of their two mothers... (KUMB: 1-1-134)
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मेध्यारण्येषु पुण्येषु महतामाश्रमेषु च । तेषु जातेषु सर्वेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु ॥KUMB: १-१-१३५॥
in pure and sacred forests and in the hermitages of great sages. When all those noble sons of Pandu had been born, (KUMB: 1-1-135)
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मात्रोरभ्युपपत्तिश्च धर्मोपनिषदं प्रति। धर्मस्य वायोः शक्रस्य देवयोश्च तथाश्विनोः ॥BORI: १-००१-६९॥
And the coming of Dharma, Vayu, Shakra, and likewise the twin gods, the Ashvins, to the two mothers in accordance with the secret teaching of dharma; (BORI: 1-001-69)
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तापसैः सह संवृद्धा मातृभ्यां परिरक्षिताः। मेध्यारण्येषु पुण्येषु महतामाश्रमेषु च ॥BORI: १-००१-७०॥
raised among ascetics and protected by their two mothers in pure, holy forests and in the hermitages of great sages; (BORI: 1-001-70)
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माद्र्या तु सह संगम्य ऋषिशापप्रभावतः । मृतः पाण्डुर्महापुण्ये शतशृङ्गे महागिरौ ॥॥KUMB: १-१-१३६॥
But after having intercourse with Madri, Pandu died on the great and most sacred mountain Shatashringa, through the power of the sage’s curse. (KUMB: 1-1-136)
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ऋषिभिश्च तदानीता धार्तराष्ट्रान्प्रति स्वयम्। शिशवश्चाभिरूपाश्च जटिला ब्रह्मचारिणः ॥BORI: १-००१-७१॥
The seers themselves then brought them to the sons of Dhritarashtra. They were handsome young boys, celibate students with matted hair. (BORI: 1-001-71)
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पुत्राश्च भ्रातरश्चेमे शिष्याश्च सुहृदश्च वः। पाण्डवा एत इत्युक्त्वा मुनयोऽन्तर्हितास्ततः ॥BORI: १-००१-७२॥
“These Pandavas are your sons and brothers, your disciples and friends.” Having said this, the sages vanished. (BORI: 1-001-72)
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तांस्तैर्निवेदितान्दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवान्कौरवास्तदा। शिष्टाश्च वर्णाः पौरा ये ते हर्षाच्चुक्रुशुर्भृशम् ॥BORI: १-००१-७३॥
Seeing the Pandavas presented by those sages, the Kauravas and the respectable townspeople of every class cried out loudly for joy. (BORI: 1-001-73)
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आहुः केचिन्न तस्यैते तस्यैत इति चापरे। यदा चिरमृतः पाण्डुः कथं तस्येति चापरे ॥BORI: १-००१-७४॥
Some said, “These are not his sons,” while others said, “They are indeed his.” Still others said, “Since Pandu died long ago, how can they be his?” (BORI: 1-001-74)
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स्वागतं सर्वथा दिष्ट्या पाण्डोः पश्याम सन्ततिम्। उच्यतां स्वागतमिति वाचोऽश्रूयन्त सर्वशः ॥BORI: १-००१-७५॥
“Welcome! By great good fortune, we behold Pāṇḍu’s offspring. Let them be welcomed!” Such voices were heard on every side. (BORI: 1-001-75)
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तस्मिन्नुपरते शब्दे दिशः सर्वा विनादयन्। अन्तर्हितानां भूतानां निस्वनस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-००१-७६॥
When that clamor had subsided, a tremendous roar arose from unseen beings, resounding through every quarter. (BORI: 1-001-76)
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पुष्पवृष्टिः शुभा गन्धाः शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिस्वनाः। आसन्प्रवेशे पार्थानां तदद्भुतमिवाभवत् ॥BORI: १-००१-७७॥
At the Pandavas’ entrance there were showers of flowers, pleasant fragrances, and the sounds of conches and drums; it was a wondrous sight. (BORI: 1-001-77)
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तत्प्रीत्या चैव सर्वेषां पौराणां हर्षसम्भवः। शब्द आसीन्महांस्तत्र दिवस्पृक्कीर्तिवर्धनः ॥BORI: १-००१-७८॥
Then, as all the citizens rejoiced with delight, a great sound arose there, reaching heaven and increasing their fame. (BORI: 1-001-78)
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तेऽप्यधीत्याखिलान्वेदाञ्शास्त्राणि विविधानि च। न्यवसन्पाण्डवास्तत्र पूजिता अकुतोभयाः ॥BORI: १-००१-७९॥
The Pandavas too studied all the Vedas and various treatises, and lived there honored and free from fear. (BORI: 1-001-79)
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युधिष्ठिरस्य शौचेन प्रीताः प्रकृतयोऽभवन्। धृत्या च भीमसेनस्य विक्रमेणार्जुनस्य च ॥BORI: १-००१-८०॥
The people were pleased by Yudhishthira’s purity, Bhimasena’s steadfastness, and Arjuna’s valor; (BORI: 1-001-80)
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गुरुशुश्रूषया कुन्त्या यमयोर्विनयेन च। तुतोष लोकः सकलस्तेषां शौर्यगुणेन च ॥BORI: १-००१-८१॥
Kunti’s devoted service to her elders, the twins’ humility, and their valor delighted all the people. (BORI: 1-001-81)
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समवाये ततो राज्ञां कन्यां भर्तृस्वयंवराम्।प्राप्तवानर्जुनः कृष्णां कृत्वा कर्म सुदुष्करम् ॥BORI: १-००१-८२॥
Then, at an assembly of kings, Arjuna accomplished an exceedingly difficult feat and won Krishna, the maiden who was choosing her own husband. (BORI: 1-001-82)
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ततः प्रभृति लोकेऽस्मिन्पूज्यः सर्वधनुष्मताम्।आदित्य इव दुष्प्रेक्ष्यः समरेष्वपि चाभवत् ॥BORI: १-००१-८३॥
From that time onward, he was honored in this world above all bowmen and became as difficult to look upon as the sun, even in battle. (BORI: 1-001-83)
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स सर्वान्पार्थिवाञ्जित्वा सर्वांश्च महतो गणान्।आजहारार्जुनो राज्ञे राजसूयं महाक्रतुम् ॥BORI: १-००१-८४॥
Having conquered all the kings and all the great confederacies, Arjuna secured for the king the great Rājasūya sacrifice. (BORI: 1-001-84)
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अन्नवान्दक्षिणावांश्च सर्वैः समुदितो गुणैः।युधिष्ठिरेण सम्प्राप्तो राजसूयो महाक्रतुः ॥BORI: १-००१-८५॥
Yudhishthira accomplished the great Rajasuya sacrifice, abundant in food and sacrificial gifts and endowed with every excellence. (BORI: 1-001-85)
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सुनयाद्वासुदेवस्य भीमार्जुनबलेन च।घातयित्वा जरासन्धं चैद्यं च बलगर्वितम् ॥BORI: १-००१-८६॥
Through Vasudeva’s wise counsel and the strength of Bhima and Arjuna, after having Jarasandha and the strength-proud Caidya slain… (BORI: 1-001-86)
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दुर्योधनमुपागच्छन्नर्हणानि ततस्ततः।मणिकाञ्चनरत्नानि गोहस्त्यश्वधनानि च ॥BORI: १-००१-८७॥
Then offerings came to Duryodhana from every quarter: precious stones, gold, and jewels, as well as wealth in cattle, elephants, and horses; (BORI: 1-001-87)
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विचित्राणि च वासांसि प्रावारावरणानि च । कम्बलाजिनरत्नानि राङ्कवास्तरणानि च ॥KUMB: १-१-१५४; NILA: ०१.००१.१३३॥
and garments of various kinds, cloaks and coverings, costly blankets and hides, and coverlets made from the wool of the ranku deer. (KUMB: 1-1-154; NILA: 01.001.133)
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समृद्धां तां तथा दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवानां तदा श्रियम्।ईर्ष्यासमुत्थः सुमहांस्तस्य मन्युरजायत ॥BORI: १-००१-८८॥
Seeing then the Pāṇḍavas’ abundant prosperity, a tremendous anger born of envy arose in him. (BORI: 1-001-88)
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विमानप्रतिमां चापि मयेन सुकृतां सभाम्।पाण्डवानामुपहृतां स दृष्ट्वा पर्यतप्यत ॥BORI: १-००१-८९॥
He was tormented at the sight of the splendid assembly hall, resembling a celestial palace, which Maya had built and presented to the Pandavas. (BORI: 1-001-89)
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यत्रावहसितश्चासीत्प्रस्कन्दन्निव सम्भ्रमात्।प्रत्यक्षं वासुदेवस्य भीमेनानभिजातवत् ॥BORI: १-००१-९०॥
where, as he stumbled in confusion, Bhima had laughed at him like a man of low birth, in Vasudeva’s presence. (BORI: 1-001-90)
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स भोगान्विविधान्भुञ्जन्रत्नानि विविधानि च। कथितो धृतराष्ट्रस्य विवर्णो हरिणः कृशः ॥BORI: १-००१-९१॥
Though enjoying many kinds of pleasures and various jewels, he was described to Dhritarashtra as wan, sallow, and emaciated. (BORI: 1-001-91)
[PV-PAN:01_001_133]
अन्वजानात्ततो द्यूतं धृतराष्ट्रः सुतप्रियः। तच्छ्रुत्वा वासुदेवस्य कोपः समभवन्महान् ॥BORI: १-००१-९२॥
Then Dhritarashtra, devoted to his son, gave permission for the dice game. On hearing this, Vasudeva became exceedingly angry. (BORI: 1-001-92)
[PV-PAN:01_001_134]
नातिप्रीतमनाः च आसीत् विवादांश् च अन्वमोदत। द्यूतादीन् नयान् घोरान् प्रवृद्धांश् च अपि उपैक्षत ॥BORI: १-००१-९३॥
Though not greatly pleased, he condoned the disputes and ignored the dreadful practices beginning with gambling, even as they escalated. (BORI: 1-001-93)
[PV-PAN:01_001_135]
निरस्य विदुरं द्रोणं भीष्मं शारद्वतं कृपम्। विग्रहे तुमुले तस्मिन् अहन् क्षत्रं परस्परम् ॥BORI: १-००१-९४॥
Casting aside Vidura, Drona, Bhishma, and Kripa, son of Sharadvat, he destroyed the warrior class through mutual slaughter in that tumultuous conflict. (BORI: 1-001-94)
[PV-PAN:01_001_136]
जयत्सु पाण्डुपुत्रेषु श्रुत्वा सुमहदप्रियम्। दुर्योधनमतं ज्ञात्वा कर्णस्य शकुनेः तथा ॥BORI: १-००१-९५॥
Hearing the deeply unwelcome news that the sons of Pandu were victorious, and learning the views of Duryodhana, Karna, and Shakuni as well... (BORI: 1-001-95)
[PV-PAN:01_001_137]
धृतराष्ट्रः चिरं ध्यात्वा सञ्जयं वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-००१-९५॥
After pondering for a long time, Dhritarashtra said to Sanjaya: (BORI: 1-001-95)
[PV-PAN:01_001_138]
शृणु सञ्जय मे सर्वं न मेऽसूयितुमर्हसि। श्रुतवानसि मेधावी बुद्धिमान्प्राज्ञसंमतः ॥BORI: १-००१-९६॥
Listen, Sanjaya, to all that I have to say, and do not find fault with me. You are learned, discerning, intelligent, and esteemed by the wise. (BORI: 1-001-96)
[PV-PAN:01_001_139]
न विग्रहे मम मतिः न च प्रीये कुरुक्षये। न मे विशेषः पुत्रेषु स्वेषु पाण्डुसुतेषु च ॥BORI: १-००१-९७॥
My mind is not set on conflict, nor do I delight in the destruction of the Kurus. I make no distinction between my own sons and the sons of Pandu. (BORI: 1-001-97)
[PV-PAN:01_001_140]
वृद्धं मामभ्यसूयन्ति पुत्रा मन्यु-परायणाः। अहं तु अचक्षुः कार्पण्यात् पुत्र-प्रीत्या सहामि तत् ॥BORI: १-००१-९८॥
My wrathful sons resent me because I am old; but blind and weak-hearted, I endure it out of love for my sons. (BORI: 1-001-98)
[PV-PAN:01_001_141]
मुह्यन्तं च अनुमुह्यामि दुर्योधनम् अचेतनम् ॥BORI: १-००१-९८॥
And I share in the delusion of the witless Duryodhana as he goes astray. (BORI: 1-001-98)
[PV-PAN:01_001_142]
राजसूये श्रियं दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवस्य महौजसः। तच्च अवहसनं प्राप्य सभारोहणदर्शने ॥BORI: १-००१-९९॥
Having seen at the Rājasūya the splendor of the mighty Pāṇḍava and having been subjected to ridicule at the sight of his entrance into the assembly hall... (BORI: 1-001-99)
[PV-PAN:01_001_143]
अमर्षितः स्वयं जेतुं अशक्तः पाण्डवान् रणे। निरुत्साहश्च सम्प्राप्तुं श्रियम् अक्षत्रियः यथा ॥BORI: १-००१-१००॥
Unable to bear it, yet powerless to defeat the Pandavas himself in battle and lacking the resolve to attain such prosperity, like one who was no Kshatriya… (BORI: 1-001-100)
[PV-PAN:01_001_144]
गान्धारराजसहितः छद्मद्यूतम् अमन्त्रयत् ॥BORI: १-००१-१००॥
Together with the king of Gandhara, he planned a deceitful dice game. (BORI: 1-001-100)
[PV-PAN:01_001_145]
तत्र यद्यत् यथा ज्ञातं मया सञ्जय तत् शृणु। श्रुत्वा हि मम वाक्यानि बुद्ध्या युक्तानि तत्त्वतः ॥BORI: १-००१-१०१॥
Sanjaya, listen to everything I have learned there, just as it happened. For when you have heard my words, grounded in reason and truth... (BORI: 1-001-101)
[PV-PAN:01_001_146]
ततः ज्ञास्यसि मां सौते प्रज्ञा-चक्षुषम् इति उक्तम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१०१॥
Then, O son of a Suta, you will know me to be what is called “one whose eye is wisdom.” (BORI: 1-001-101)
[PV-PAN:01_001_147]
यदा अश्रौषम् धनुः आयम्य चित्रम्; विद्धम् लक्ष्यं पातितम् वै पृथिव्याम्। कृष्णां हृतां पश्यतां सर्वराज्ञाम्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०२॥
When I heard that the bow had been drawn, the wondrous target pierced and brought down to the ground, and Krishna won before the eyes of all the kings, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-102)
[PV-PAX:01_001_148]
A shift in the language structure, giving the Likely KDV-Style a value of “Low,” indicates a later addition.
यदा अश्रौषम् द्वारकायां सुभद्रां; प्रसह्य ऊढां माधवीम् अर्जुनेन। इन्द्रप्रस्थं वृष्णिवीरौ च यातौ; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०३॥
When I heard that Arjuna had forcibly carried off Subhadra, the Mādhava princess, in Dvaraka, and that the two Vrishni heroes had gone to Indraprastha, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-103)
[PV-PAX:01_001_149]
यदा अश्रौषम् देवराजम् प्रवृष्टम्; शरैः दिव्यैः वारितं च अर्जुनेन। अग्निम् तथा तर्पितं खाण्डवे च; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०४॥
When I heard that Arjuna had checked the lord of the gods, who was pouring down divine arrows, and had also satiated Agni in the Khandava forest, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-104)
[PV-PAX:01_001_150]
यदाऽश्रौषं जातुषाद्वेश्मनस्ता- न्मुक्तान्पार्थान्पञ्च कुन्त्या समेतान् । युक्तं चैषां विदुरं स्वार्थसिद्ध्यै तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१७४; NILA: ०१.००१.१५३॥
When I heard that the five sons of Pritha had escaped with Kunti from the house of lac, and that Vidura had allied himself with them to secure their interests, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-174; NILA: 01.001.153)
[PV-PAX:01_001_151]
यदाऽश्रौषं द्रौपदीं रङ्गमध्ये लक्ष्यं भित्त्वा निर्जितामर्जुनेन । शूरान्पञ्चालान्पाण्डवेयांश्च युक्तां- स्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१७५; NILA: ०१.००१.१५४॥
When I heard that Draupadi had been won by Arjuna in the midst of the arena after he pierced the target, and that the valiant Panchalas and the sons of Pandu were united, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-175; NILA: 01.001.154)
[PV-PAX:01_001_152]
यदाऽश्रौषं मागधानां वरिष्ठं जरासन्धं क्ष्वमध्ये ज्वलन्तम् । दोर्भ्यां हतं भीमसेनेन गत्वा तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१७६; NILA: ०१.००१.१५५॥
When I heard that Bhimasena had gone and slain with his bare arms Jarasandha, foremost of the Magadhas, who blazed upon the earth, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-176; NILA: 01.001.155)
[PV-PAX:01_001_153]
यदाऽश्रौषं दिग्जये पाण्डुपुत्रै- र्वशीकृतान्भूमिपालान्प्रसह्य । महाक्रतुं राजसूयं कृतं च तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१७७; NILA: ०१.००१.१५६॥
When I heard that the sons of Pandu had forcibly subdued the kings in their conquest of the quarters and performed the great royal sacrifice, the Rajasuya, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (KUMB: 1-1-177; NILA: 01.001.156)
[PV-PAX:01_001_154]
यदा अश्रौषम् हृत-राज्यम् युधिष्ठिरम्; पराजितम् सौबलेन अक्षवत्याम्। अन्वागतं भ्रातृभिः अप्रमेयैः; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०५॥
When I heard that Yudhishthira had been deprived of his kingdom and defeated by Saubala at dice, and that his brothers of immeasurable prowess had followed him, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-105)
[PV-PAX:01_001_155]
यदा अश्रौषम् द्रौपदीम् अश्रु-कण्ठीम्; सभाम् नीताम् दुःखिताम् एक-वस्त्राम्। रजस्वलाम् नाथवतीम् अनाथवत्; तदा न अशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०६॥
When I heard that Draupadi, her voice choked with tears, distressed, wearing a single garment, and menstruating, had been brought into the assembly—though she had protectors, she was treated as if she had none—then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-106)
[PV-PAX:01_001_156]
यदाऽश्रौषं वाससां तत्र राशिं समाक्षिपत्कितवो मन्दबुद्धिः । दुःशासनो गतवान्नैवं चान्तं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१७९; NILA: ०१.००१.१५८॥
When I heard that the witless rogue Duhshasana had pulled off a heap of garments there and still had not reached the end, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-179; NILA: 01.001.158)
[PV-PAX:01_001_157]
यदा अश्रौषम् विविधाः तात चेष्टाः; धर्मात्मनां प्रस्थितानां वनाय। ज्येष्ठ-प्रीत्या क्लिश्यतां पाण्डवानां; तदा न अशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०७॥
When I heard, dear one, of the many hardships endured by the righteous Pandavas as they set out for the forest and suffered out of love for their eldest brother, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-107)
[PV-PAX:01_001_158]
यदा अश्रौषम् स्नातकानां सहस्रैः; अन्वागतं धर्मराजं वनस्थम्। भिक्षा-भुजां ब्राह्मणानां महात्मनाम्; तदा न अशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०८॥
When I heard that thousands of initiated students had followed King Yudhishthira into the forest—great-souled Brahmins who lived on alms—I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-108)
[PV-PAX:01_001_159]
यदाऽश्रौषं वनवासेन पार्था- न्समागतान्महर्षिभिः पुराणैः । उपास्यमानान्सगणैर्जातसख्यां- स्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजर्य ॥॥KUMB: १-१-१८४॥
When I heard that, during their forest exile, the sons of Pritha had associated with ancient great seers, were attended by those sages and their retinues, and had become their friends, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-184)
[PV-PAX:01_001_160]
यदा अश्रौषम् अर्जुनः देव-देवम्; किरात-रूपम् त्र्यम्बकम् तोष्य युद्धे। अवाप तत् पाशुपतं महास्त्रं; तदा न अशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१०९॥
When I heard that Arjuna had pleased the three-eyed god of gods, who had assumed the form of a Kirāta, in battle and obtained from him the great Pāśupata weapon, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-109)
[PV-PAX:01_001_161]
यदा अश्रौषम् त्रिदिवस्थम् धनञ्जयम्; शक्रात् साक्षात् दिव्यमस्त्रं यथावत्। अधीयानं शंसितं सत्यसन्धम्; तदा न अशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११०॥
When I heard that Dhanañjaya, dwelling in heaven, was duly learning the renowned divine weapon directly from Śakra, true to his word, I no longer hoped for victory, Sañjaya. (BORI: 1-001-110)
[PV-PAX:01_001_162]
यदाऽश्रोषं कालकेयास्ततस्ते पौलोमानो वरदानाच्च दृप्ताः । देवैरजेया निर्जिताश्चार्जुनेन तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१८६; NILA: ०१.००१.१६४॥
When I heard that the Kalakeyas and Paulomas, emboldened by a boon and invincible to the gods, had been defeated by Arjuna, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-186; NILA: 01.001.164)
[PV-PAX:01_001_163]
यदाऽश्रौषमसुराणां वधार्थे किरीटिनं यान्तममित्रकर्शनम् । कृतार्थं चाप्यागतं शक्रलोका- त्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१८७; NILA: ०१.००१.१६५॥
When I heard that the diademed hero, the scourge of his foes, had gone to slay the Asuras and had returned from Śakra’s realm after accomplishing his purpose, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (KUMB: 1-1-187; NILA: 01.001.165)
[PV-PAX:01_001_164]
यदाऽश्रौषं तीर्थयात्राप्रवृत्तं पाण्डोः सुतं सहितं लोमशेन । बृहदश्वादक्षहृदयं च प्राप्तं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥॥KUMB: १-१-१८८॥
When I heard that Pandu’s son had set out on a pilgrimage accompanied by Lomasha, and that he had learned the science of dice from Brihadashva, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-188)
[PV-PAX:01_001_165]
यदाश्रौषं वैश्रवणेन सार्धं; समागतं भीममन्यांश्च पार्थान्। तस्मिन् देशे मानुषाणामगम्ये; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१११॥
When I heard that Bhima and the other sons of Pritha had met Vaishravana in that land inaccessible to men, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-111)
[PV-PAX:01_001_166]
यदाश्रौषं घोषयात्रागतानां; बन्धं गन्धर्वैः मोक्षणं च अर्जुनेन। स्वेषां सुतानां कर्णबुद्धौ रतानां; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११२॥
When I heard that my sons, who had gone on the cattle-inspection expedition and were devoted to Karna’s counsel, had been captured by the Gandharvas and then freed by Arjuna, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-112)
[PV-PAX:01_001_167]
यदाश्रौषं यक्षरूपेण धर्मं; समागतं धर्मराजेन सूत। प्रश्नानुक्तान्विब्रुवन्तं च सम्यक्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११३॥
When I heard, O Suta, that Dharma, in the form of a Yaksha, had met Dharmaraja and that the questions put were answered correctly, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-113)
[PV-PAX:01_001_168]
यदाऽश्रौषं न विदुर्मामकास्तान् प्रच्छन्नरूपान्वसतः पाण्डवेयान् । विराटराष्ट्रे सह कृष्णया च तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-१९२; NILA: ०१.००१.१६९॥
When I heard that my men did not recognize the sons of Pandu as they lived in disguise in the kingdom of Virata together with Krishna, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-192; NILA: 01.001.169)
[PV-PAX:01_001_169]
यदाऽश्रौषं कीचकानां वरिष्ठं निषूदितं भ्रातृशतेन सार्धम् । द्रौपद्यर्थे भीमसेनेन सङ्ख्ये तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥॥KUMB: १-१-१९३॥
When I heard that the foremost of the Kīcakas had been slain in battle by Bhīmasena, together with his hundred brothers, for Draupadī’s sake, then, Sañjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-193)
[PV-PAX:01_001_170]
यदाश्रौषं मामकानां वरिष्ठान्; धनञ्जयेनैकरथेन भग्नान्। विराटराष्ट्रे वसता महात्मना; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११४॥
When I heard that the foremost of my men had been routed by Dhananjaya, who, though living in the kingdom of Virata, had done so single-handedly from one chariot, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-114)
[PV-PAX:01_001_171]
यदाश्रौषं सत्कृतां मत्स्यराज्ञा; सुतां दत्ताम् उत्तराम् अर्जुनाय। तां च अर्जुनः प्रत्यगृह्णात् सुतार्थे; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११५॥
When I heard that the king of Matsya had honorably offered his daughter Uttarā to Arjuna, and that Arjuna had accepted her for his son, then, Sañjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-115)
[PV-PAX:01_001_172]
यदाश्रौषं निर्जितस्य अधनस्य; प्रव्राजितस्य स्वजनात् प्रच्युतस्य। अक्षौहिणीः सप्त युधिष्ठिरस्य; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११६॥
When I heard that Yudhishthira—defeated, penniless, driven into exile, and separated from his own people—had seven akshauhinis, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-116)
[PV-PAX:01_001_173]
यदाश्रौषं नरनारायणौ तौ; कृष्णार्जुनौ वदतः नारदस्य। अहं द्रष्टा ब्रह्मलोके सदा इति; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११७॥
When I heard Narada say, “Those two, Krishna and Arjuna, are Nara and Narayana; I have always seen them in Brahma’s realm,” I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-117)
[PV-PAX:01_001_174]
यदाश्रौषं माधवं वासुदेवं; सर्वात्मना पाण्डवार्थे निविष्टम्। यस्य इमां गां विक्रमम् एकम् आहु; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११८॥
When I heard that Mādhava Vāsudeva had devoted himself entirely to the Pandavas’ cause—he of whom they say that this earth is but a single stride—then I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-118)
[PV-PAX:01_001_175]
यदाऽश्रौषं लोकहिताय कृष्णं शमार्थिनमुपयातं कुरूणाम् । शमं कुर्वाणमकृतार्थं च यातं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥१९९ ॥KUMB: १-१-१९९; NILA: ०१.००१.१७५॥
When I heard that Krishna, seeking peace for the welfare of the world, had come to the Kurus, but had departed without achieving his purpose despite his efforts to make peace, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-199; NILA: 01.001.175)
[PV-PAX:01_001_176]
यदाश्रौषं कर्ण-दुर्योधनाभ्यां; बुद्धिं कृतां निग्रहे केशवस्य। तं च आत्मानं बहुधा दर्शयानं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-११९॥
When I heard that Karna and Duryodhana had resolved to seize Keshava, and that he had manifested himself in many forms, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-119)
[PV-PAX:01_001_177]
यदाश्रौषं वासुदेवे प्रयाते; रथस्य एकाम् अग्रतः तिष्ठमानाम्। आर्तां पृथां सान्त्वितां केशवेन; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२०॥
When I heard that, as Vasudeva was departing, the distressed Pritha stood alone before his chariot and was consoled by Keshava, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-120)
[PV-PAX:01_001_178]
यदाश्रौषं मन्त्रिणं वासुदेवं; तथा भीष्मं शान्तनवं च तेषाम्। भारद्वाजं च आऽशिषः अनुब्रुवाणं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२१॥
When I heard that Vasudeva was their counselor, as was Bhishma, Shantanu’s son, and that Bharadvaja’s son was uttering blessings, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-121)
[PV-PAX:01_001_179]
यदाश्रौषं कर्ण उवाच भीष्मं; न अहं योत्स्ये युध्यमाने त्वयि इति। हित्वा सेनाम् अपचक्राम चैव; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२२॥
When I heard that Karna had said to Bhishma, “I will not fight while you are fighting,” and had withdrawn, abandoning the army, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-122)
[PV-PAX:01_001_180]
यदाश्रौषं वासुदेव-अर्जुनौ तौ; तथा धनुः गाण्डिवम् अप्रमेयम्। त्रीणि उग्रवीर्याणि समागतानि; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२३॥
When I heard that Vasudeva and Arjuna, together with the immeasurable bow Gandiva—three of formidable power—had come together, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-123)
[PV-PAX:01_001_181]
यदाश्रौषं कश्मलेन अभिपन्ने; रथ-उपस्थे सीदमाने अर्जुने वै। कृष्णं लोकान् दर्शयानं शरीरे; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२४॥
When I heard that Arjuna, overcome by despair, was sinking down on the chariot seat, and that Krishna revealed the worlds within his body, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-124)
[PV-PAX:01_001_182]
यदाश्रौषं भीष्मम् अमित्रकर्शनं; निघ्नन्तम् आजावयुतं रथानाम्। नैषां कश्चित् वध्यते दृश्य-रूपः; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२५॥
When I heard that Bhishma, the scourge of his enemies, was destroying ten thousand chariots in battle, yet not one of them who could be seen was being slain, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-125)
[PV-PAX:01_001_183]
यदाऽश्रौषं चापगेयेन सङ्ख्ये स्वयं मृत्युं विहितं धार्मिकेण । तच्चाकार्षुः पाण्डवेयाः प्रहृष्टा- स्तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-२०७; NILA: ०१.००१.१८३॥
When I heard that the righteous son of Ganga had himself ordained his death in battle, and that the delighted sons of Pandu had brought it about, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-207; NILA: 01.001.183)
[PV-PAX:01_001_184]
यदाश्रौषं भीष्मम् अत्यन्त-शूरं; हतं पार्थेन आहवेषु अप्रधृष्यम्। शिखण्डिनं पुरतः स्थापयित्वा; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२६॥
When I heard that the supremely valiant Bhishma, unassailable in battle, had been slain by Partha after placing Shikhandin before him, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-126)
[PV-PAX:01_001_185]
यदाश्रौषं शरतल्पे शयानं; वृद्धं वीरं सादितं चित्रपुङ्खैः। भीष्मं कृत्वा सोमकान् अल्पशेषान्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२७॥
When I heard that the aged hero Bhishma, after leaving only a few of the Somakas alive, lay struck down by brightly feathered arrows upon a bed of arrows, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-127)
[PV-PAX:01_001_186]
यदाश्रौषं शान्तनवे शयाने; पानीयार्थे चोदितेन अर्जुनेन। भूमिं भित्त्वा तर्पितं तत्र भीष्मं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२८॥
When I heard that, as Shantanu’s son lay there, Arjuna, bidden to fetch water, pierced the earth and there gave Bhishma drink, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-128)
[PV-PAX:01_001_187]
यदाश्रौषं शुक्र-सूर्यौ च युक्तौ; कौन्तेयानाम् अनुलोमौ जयाय। नित्यं च अस्मान् श्वापदाः व्याभषन्त; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१२९॥
When I heard that Venus and the Sun were conjoined, favoring the sons of Kunti in their quest for victory, and that beasts of prey were constantly howling at us, then I had no hope of victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-129)
[PV-PAX:01_001_188]
यदा द्रोणः विविधान् अस्त्रमार्गान्; विदर्शयन् समरे चित्रयोधी। न पाण्डवान् श्रेष्ठतमान् निहन्ति; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३०॥
When Droṇa, skilled in wondrous warfare, displayed many methods of using weapons in battle yet did not slay the foremost Pāṇḍavas, then, Sañjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-130)
[PV-PAX:01_001_189]
यदाश्रौषं च अस्मदीयान् महारथान्; व्यवस्थितान् अर्जुनस्य अन्तकाय। संशप्तकान् निहतान् अर्जुनेन; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३१॥
When I heard that our mighty chariot-warriors, who had arrayed themselves to bring about Arjuna’s end and had sworn to fight him to the death, were slain by Arjuna, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-131)
[PV-PAX:01_001_190]
यदाश्रौषं व्यूहम् अभेद्यम् अन्यैः; भारद्वाजेन आत्त-शस्त्रेण गुप्तम्। भित्त्वा सौभद्रं वीरम् एकं प्रविष्टं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३२॥
When I heard that the valiant son of Subhadra had broken through the battle formation, impenetrable to others and guarded by the armed son of Bharadvaja, and entered it alone, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-132)
[PV-PAX:01_001_191]
यदा अभिमन्युं परिवार्य बालं; सर्वे हत्वा हृष्ट-रूपा बभूवुः। महारथाः पार्थम् अशक्नुवन्त; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३३॥
When all the great chariot-warriors, who were no match for Partha, surrounded and killed the boy Abhimanyu and became jubilant, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-133)
[PV-PAX:01_001_192]
यदाश्रौषं अभिमन्युं निहत्य; हर्षात् मूढान् क्रोशतः धार्तराष्ट्रान्। क्रोधं मुक्तं सैन्धवे च अर्जुनेन; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३४॥
When I heard that, after killing Abhimanyu, the deluded sons of Dhritarashtra were shouting for joy, and that Arjuna had unleashed his wrath upon the Saindhava, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-134)
[PV-PAX:01_001_193]
यदाश्रौषं सैन्धव-अर्थे प्रतिज्ञाम्; प्रतिज्ञाताम् तद्वधाय अर्जुनेन। सत्याम् निस्तीर्णाम् शत्रु-मध्ये च तेन; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३५॥
When I heard that Arjuna had vowed to slay the king of Sindhu, and that he had fulfilled that vow in the midst of the enemy, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-135)
[PV-PAX:01_001_194]
यदाश्रौषं श्रान्त-हये धनञ्जये; मुक्त्वा हयान् पाययित्वा उपवृत्तान्। पुनः युक्त्वा वासुदेवं प्रयातं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३६॥
When I heard that, after Dhananjaya’s horses had grown weary, Vasudeva unyoked and watered them, then yoked them again once they had recovered and set out, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-136)
[PV-PAX:01_001_195]
यदाश्रौषं वाहनेषु आश्वसत्सु; रथ-उपस्थे तिष्ठता गाण्डिवेन। सर्वान् योधान् वारितान् अर्जुनेन; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३७॥
When I heard that, while the horses were recovering, Arjuna stood on the chariot platform with the Gandiva and held off all the warriors, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-137)
[PV-PAX:01_001_196]
यदाश्रौषं नागबलैः दुरुत्सहं; द्रोण-आनीकं युयुधानं प्रमथ्य। यातं वार्ष्णेयं यत्र तौ कृष्ण-पार्थौ; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३८॥
When I heard that Yuyudhana, the Vrishni hero, had crushed Drona’s battle formation, formidable with its elephant forces, and gone to where Krishna and Partha were, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-138)
[PV-PAX:01_001_197]
यदाश्रौषं कर्णम् आसाद्य मुक्तं; वधात् भीमं कुत्सयित्वा वचोभिः। धनुष्कोट्या तुद्य कर्णेन वीरं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१३९॥
When I heard that Bhima, on encountering Karna, had been spared death after Karna taunted the hero with words and prodded him with the tip of his bow, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-139)
[PV-PAX:01_001_198]
यदा द्रोणः कृतवर्मा कृपश्च; कर्णः द्रौणिः मद्रराजश्च शूरः। अमर्षयन् सैन्धवं वध्यमानं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४०॥
When Droṇa, Kṛtavarman, Kṛpa, Karṇa, Droṇa’s son, and the valiant king of Madra allowed the Sindhu king to be slain, then, Sañjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-140)
[PV-PAX:01_001_199]
यदाश्रौषं देवराजेन दत्तां; दिव्यां शक्तिं व्यंसितां माधवेन। घटोत्कचे राक्षसे घोररूपे; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४१॥
When I heard that Madhava had caused the divine spear given by the king of the gods to be expended on the terrifying Rākṣasa Ghaṭotkaca, I no longer hoped for victory, Sañjaya. (BORI: 1-001-141)
[PV-PAX:01_001_200]
यदाश्रौषं कर्ण-घटोत्कचाभ्याम्; युद्धे मुक्तां सूतपुत्रेण शक्तिम्। यया वध्यः समरे सव्यसाची; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४२॥
When I heard that, in the battle between Karna and Ghatotkacha, the charioteer’s son had discharged the spear with which Savyasachi was to be slain in combat, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-142)
[PV-PAX:01_001_201]
यदाश्रौषं द्रोणम् आचार्यम् एकं; धृष्टद्युम्नेन अति-क्रम्य धर्मम्। रथ-उपस्थे प्रायगतं विशस्तं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४३॥
When I heard that Dhrishtadyumna, transgressing dharma, had slain Drona the preceptor as he sat alone on the platform of his chariot, resolved upon death, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-143)
[PV-PAX:01_001_202]
यदाश्रौषं द्रौणिना द्वैरथस्थं; माद्रीपुत्रं नकुलं लोकमध्ये। समं युद्धे पाण्डवं युध्यमानं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४४॥
When I heard that the Pandava Nakula, Madri’s son, was fighting on equal terms with Drona’s son in single combat before all the world, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-144)
[PV-PAX:01_001_203]
यदा द्रोणे निहते द्रोणपुत्रः; नारायणं दिव्यमस्त्रं विकुर्वन्। नैषां अन्तं गतवान् पाण्डवानां; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४५॥
When, after Drona had been slain, Drona’s son unleashed the divine Narayana weapon yet failed to make an end of the Pandavas, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-145)
[PV-PAX:01_001_204]
यदाऽश्रौषं भीमसेनेन पीतं रक्तं भ्रातुर्युधि दुःशासनस्य । निवारितं नान्यतमेन भीमं तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-२२८; NILA: ०१.००१.२०४॥
When I heard that Bhimasena had drunk his brother Duhshasana’s blood in battle, and that no one had restrained Bhima, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (KUMB: 1-1-228; NILA: 01.001.204)
[PV-PAX:01_001_205]
यदाश्रौषं कर्णम् अत्यन्त-शूरं; हतं पार्थेन आहवेषु अप्रधृष्यम्। तस्मिन् भ्रातृणां विग्रहे देवगुह्ये; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४६॥
When I heard that the supremely valiant Karna, unassailable in battle, had been slain by Partha in that divinely ordained conflict between the brothers, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-146)
[PV-PAX:01_001_206]
यदाश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रं कृपं च; दुःशासनं कृतवर्माणम् उग्रम्। युधिष्ठिरं शून्यम् अधर्षयन्तम्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४७॥
When I heard that Drona’s son, Kripa, Duhshasana, and the fierce Kritavarman were attacking Yudhishthira while he was alone, then, Sanjaya, I had no hope of victory. (BORI: 1-001-147)
[PV-PAX:01_001_207]
यदाश्रौषं निहतम् मद्रराजं; रणे शूरं धर्मराजेन सूत। सदा सङ्ग्रामे स्पर्धते यः स कृष्णं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४८॥
When I heard that the valiant king of Madra, who always vied with Krishna in battle, had been slain in combat by the righteous king, O Suta, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-148)
[PV-PAX:01_001_208]
यदाश्रौषं कलह-द्यूत-मूलं; माया-बलं सौबलं पाण्डवेन। हतम् सङ्ग्रामे सहदेवेन पापम्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१४९॥
When I heard that the wicked son of Subala, whose strength lay in deceit and who was the root of the quarrel and the dice game, had been slain in battle by the Pandava Sahadeva, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-149)
[PV-PAX:01_001_209]
यदाश्रौषं श्रान्तम् एकं शयानं; ह्रदम् गत्वा स्तम्भयित्वा तत् अम्भः। दुर्योधनं विरथं भग्नदर्पं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५०॥
When I heard that Duryodhana, exhausted, alone, without his chariot and with his pride broken, had gone to the lake, stilled its waters, and lay there, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-150)
[PV-PAX:01_001_210]
यदाश्रौषं पाण्डवाँस् तिष्ठमानान्; गङ्गा-ह्रदे वासुदेवेन सार्धम्। अमर्षणं धर्षयतः सुतं मे; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५१॥
When I heard that the Pandavas, standing with Vasudeva by the lake on the Ganges, were provoking my irascible son, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-151)
[PV-PAX:01_001_211]
यदाश्रौषं विविधान् तात मार्गान्; गदायुद्धे मण्डलं सञ्चरन्तम्। मिथ्या हतं वासुदेवस्य बुद्ध्या; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५२॥
When I heard, dear Sanjaya, that while moving along various courses in a circle during the mace fight, he had been unfairly slain through Vasudeva’s stratagem, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-152)
[PV-PAX:01_001_212]
यदाश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रादिभिः तैः; हतान् पाञ्चालान् द्रौपदेयान् च सुप्तान्। कृतं बीभत्सम अयशस्यं च कर्म; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५३॥
When I heard that Drona’s son and the others had killed the Panchalas and the sons of Draupadi in their sleep, committing a hideous and infamous deed, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-153)
[PV-PAX:01_001_213]
यदाश्रौषं भीमसेनानुयातेन; अश्वत्थाम्ना परमास्त्रं प्रयुक्तम्। क्रुद्धेन ऐषीकम् अवधीद् येन गर्भं; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५४॥
When I heard that the enraged Ashvatthaman, pursued by Bhimasena, had launched the supreme reed missile with which he killed the fetus, I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (BORI: 1-001-154)
[PV-PAX:01_001_214]
यदाश्रौषं ब्रह्मशिरः अर्जुनेन; मुक्तं स्वस्ति इति अस्त्रम् अस्त्रेण शान्तम्। अश्वत्थाम्ना मणि-रत्नं च दत्तम्; तदा नाशंसे विजयाय सञ्जय ॥BORI: १-००१-१५५॥
When I heard that Arjuna had released the Brahmashiras weapon, that the weapon had been quelled by a weapon with the words “May all be well,” and that Ashvatthaman had surrendered his precious jewel, then, Sanjaya, I no longer hoped for victory. (BORI: 1-001-155)
[PV-PAX:01_001_215]
यदाश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रेण गर्भे; वैराट्याया वै पात्यमाने महास्त्रे। द्वैपायनः केशवः द्रोणपुत्रं; परस्परेण अभिशापैः शशाप ॥BORI: १-००१-१५६॥
When I heard that, as Drona’s son was hurling the great weapon at the womb of Virata’s daughter, Dvaipayana and Keshava each cursed Drona’s son in turn… (BORI: 1-001-156)
[PV-PAX:01_001_216]
यदाऽश्रौषं द्रोणपुत्रेण गर्भे वैराट्या वै पात्यमाने महास्त्रैः । संजीवयामीति हरेः प्रतिज्ञां तदा नाशंसे विजयाय संजय ॥KUMB: १-१-२३९॥
When I heard Hari’s promise, “I will restore to life the child in Virata’s daughter’s womb that Drona’s son is destroying with his mighty weapons,” I no longer hoped for victory, Sanjaya. (KUMB: 1-1-239)
[PV-PAX:01_001_217]
द्वैपायनः केशवो द्रोणपुत्रं परस्पेरणाभिशापैः शशाप । बुद्ध्वा चाहं बुद्धिहीनोऽद्य सूत संतप्ये वै पुत्रपौत्रैश्च हीनः ॥KUMB: १-१-२४०॥
Dvaipayana and Keshava each cursed Drona’s son. Knowing this, O Suta, I am distraught today and grieve, bereft of my sons and grandsons. (KUMB: 1-1-240)
[PV-PAX:01_001_218]
शोच्याः गान्धारी पुत्रपौत्रैः विहीना; तथा वध्वः पितृभिः भ्रातृभिः च। कृतं कार्यं दुष्करं पाण्डवेयैः; प्राप्तं राज्यं असपत्नं पुनः तैः ॥BORI: १-००१-१५७॥
Gandhari is to be pitied, bereft of her sons and grandsons, as are the widows, bereft of their fathers and brothers. The sons of Pandu have accomplished a difficult task, and they have regained a kingdom free of rivals. (BORI: 1-001-157)
[PV-PAN:01_001_219]
कष्टं युद्धे दश शेषाः श्रुताः मे; त्रयः अस्माकं पाण्डवानां च सप्त। द्वि-ऊना विंशतिः आहत-अक्षौहिणीनां; तस्मिन् संग्रामे विग्रहे क्षत्रियाणाम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१५८॥
Alas, I have heard that only ten survived the battle—three on our side and seven on the Pandavas’—while eighteen armies were struck down in that conflict among the Kshatriyas. (BORI: 1-001-158)
[PV-PAN:01_001_220]
तमसा तु अभ्यवस्तीर्णो; मोहः आविशतीव माम्। सञ्ज्ञां न उपलभे सूत; मनः विह्वलतीव मे ॥BORI: १-००१-१५९॥
I am engulfed in darkness, and bewilderment seems to overcome me. I cannot regain my senses, Suta; my mind seems to reel. (BORI: 1-001-159)
[PV-PAN:01_001_221]
इति उक्त्वा धृतराष्ट्रः अथ; विलप्य बहु-दुःखितः। मूर्च्छितः पुनः आश्वस्तः; सञ्जयं वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-००१-१६०॥
Having spoken thus, Dhritarashtra lamented in deep distress and fainted. When he had recovered, he said to Sanjaya: (BORI: 1-001-160)
[PV-PAN:01_001_222]
सञ्जय एवम् गते प्राणान् त्यक्तुम् इच्छामि मा चिरम्। स्तोकम् हि अपि न पश्यामि फलम् जीवित-धारणे ॥BORI: १-००१-१६१॥
Sanjaya, now that matters have come to this, I wish to give up my life without delay, for I see not even the slightest benefit in continuing to live. (BORI: 1-001-161)
[PV-PAN:01_001_223]
तं तथा वादिनं दीनं विलपन्तं महीपतिम् । निःश्वसन्तं यथा नागं मुह्यमानं पुनः पुनः ॥KUMB: १-१-२४६; NILA: ०१.००१.२२१॥
The wretched king, speaking thus and lamenting, sighing like a serpent and repeatedly losing consciousness… (KUMB: 1-1-246; NILA: 01.001.221)
[PV-PAN:01_001_224]
तं तथा वादिनं दीनं विलपन्तं महीपतिम्। गावल्गणिः इदं धीमान् महार्थं वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-००१-१६२॥
To the despondent king, who was speaking and lamenting in this way, the wise son of Gavalgana spoke these profoundly significant words: (BORI: 1-001-162)
[PV-PAN:01_001_225]
श्रुतवान् असि वै राज्ञो महोत्साहान् महाबलान्। द्वैपायनस्य वदतः नारदस्य च धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००१-१६३॥
You have indeed heard, as Dvaipayana and the wise Narada related, of kings of great vigor and immense strength... (BORI: 1-001-163)
[PV-OTH:01_001_226]
महत्सु राजवंशेषु गुणैः समुदितेषु च। जातान् दिव्यास्त्रविदुषः शक्र-प्रतिम-तेजसः ॥BORI: १-००१-१६४॥
born into great royal lineages rich in virtues, versed in divine weapons, and radiant as Shakra... (BORI: 1-001-164)
[PV-OTH:01_001_227]
धर्मेण पृथिवीं जित्वा यज्ञैः इष्ट्वा आप्त-दक्षिणैः। अस्मिन् लोके यशः प्राप्य ततः काल-वशं गताः ॥BORI: १-००१-१६५॥
Having conquered the earth righteously and performed sacrifices with due gifts to the priests, they attained fame in this world and then passed under the sway of Time. (BORI: 1-001-165)
[PV-OTH:01_001_228]
वैन्यं महारथं वीरं सृञ्जयं जयतां वरम्। सुहोत्रं रन्तिदेवं च कक्षीवन्तं तथा औशिजम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१६६॥
Vainya, a heroic mighty chariot-warrior; Srinjaya, foremost of conquerors; Suhotra and Rantideva; and Kakshivant, son of Ushij... (BORI: 1-001-166)
[PV-OTH:01_001_229]
बाह्लीकं दमनं शैब्यं शर्यातिम अजितं जितम्। विश्वामित्रम् अमित्रघ्नम् अम्बरीषं महाबलम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१६७॥
Bahlika, Damana, Shaibya, Sharyati, Ajita, Jita, Vishvamitra the slayer of foes, and mighty Ambarisha… (BORI: 1-001-167)
[PV-OTH:01_001_230]
मरुत्तं मनुम् इक्ष्वाकुं गयं भरतमेव च। रामं दाशरथिं चैव शशबिन्दुं भगीरथम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१६८॥
Marutta, Manu, Ikṣvāku, Gaya, Bharata, Rāma son of Daśaratha, Śaśabindu, and Bhagīratha... (BORI: 1-001-168)
[PV-OTH:01_001_231]
ययातिं शुभकर्माणं देवैः यः याजितः स्वयम्। चैत्य-यूपाङ्किता भूमिः यस्य इयम् सवनाकरा ॥BORI: १-००१-१६९॥
Yayati, performer of noble deeds, for whom the gods themselves officiated at sacrifices, and whose earth here, a treasury of sacrificial rites, is marked by sacred sacrificial posts; (BORI: 1-001-169)
[PV-OTH:01_001_232]
इति राज्ञां चतुर्विंशत् नारदेन सुरर्षिणा। पुत्रशोक-अभितप्ताय पुरा शैब्याय कीर्तिताः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७०॥
Thus, in ancient times, the divine seer Narada recounted these twenty-four kings to King Shaibya, who was tormented by grief for his son. (BORI: 1-001-170)
[PV-OTH:01_001_233]
तेभ्यः च अन्ये गताः पूर्वं; राजानः बलवत्-तराः। महारथाः महात्मानः; सर्वैः समुदिताः गुणैः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७१॥
Before them, still other kings passed away—mightier warriors, noble-hearted men endowed with every virtue: (BORI: 1-001-171)
[PV-OTH:01_001_234]
पूरुः कुरुः यदुः शूरः; विष्वगश्वः महा-धृतिः। अनेनाः युवनाश्वः च; ककुत्स्थः विक्रमी रघुः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७२॥
Puru, Kuru, the valiant Yadu, Vishvagashva of great resolve, Anenas, Yuvanashva, Kakutstha, and the mighty Raghu... (BORI: 1-001-172)
[PV-OTH:01_001_235]
विजिती वीतिहोत्रः च; भवः श्वेतः बृहद्गुरुः। उशीनरः शतरथः; कङ्कः दुलिदुहः द्रुमः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७३॥
Vijitin, Vītihotra, Bhava, Śveta, Bṛhadguru, Uśīnara, Śataratha, Kaṅka, Duliduha, and Druma; (BORI: 1-001-173)
[PV-OTH:01_001_236]
दम्भोद्भवः परः वेनः; सगरः सङ्कृतिः निमिः। अजेयः परशुः पुण्ड्रः; शम्भुः देवावृद्धः अनघः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७४॥
Dambhodbhava, Para, Vena, Sagara, Sankriti, Nimi, Ajeya, Parashu, Pundra, Shambhu, Devavriddha, and Anagha. (BORI: 1-001-174)
[PV-OTH:01_001_237]
देव-आह्वयः सुप्रतिमः सुप्रतीकः बृहद्रथः। महोत्साहः विनीतात्मा सुक्रतुः नैषधः नलः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७५॥
Devāhvaya, Supratima, Supratīka, Bṛhadratha, Mahotsāha, Vinītātman, Sukratu, the Niṣadha king Nala, (BORI: 1-001-175)
[PV-OTH:01_001_238]
सत्यव्रतः शान्तभयः सुमित्रः सुबलः प्रभुः। जानुजङ्घः अनरण्यः अर्कः प्रियभृत्यः शुभव्रतः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७६॥
Satyavrata, Shantabhaya, Sumitra, Subala, Prabhu, Janujangha, Anaranya, Arka, Priyabhritya, Shubhavrata… (BORI: 1-001-176)
[PV-OTH:01_001_239]
बलबन्धुः निरामर्दः केतुशृङ्गः बृहद्बलः। धृष्टकेतुः बृहत्केतुः दीप्तकेतुः निरामयः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७७॥
Balabandhu, Nirāmarda, Ketuśṛṅga, Bṛhadbala, Dhṛṣṭaketu, Bṛhatketu, Dīptaketu, and Nirāmaya. (BORI: 1-001-177)
[PV-OTH:01_001_240]
अविक्षित् प्रबलः धूर्तः कृतबन्धुः दृढेषुधिः। महापुराणः सम्भाव्यः प्रत्यङ्गः परहा श्रुतिः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७८॥
Avikshit, Prabala, Dhurta, Kritabandhu, Dridheshudhi, Mahapurana, Sambhavya, Pratyanga, Paraha, and Shruti. (BORI: 1-001-178)
[PV-OTH:01_001_241]
एते च अन्ये च बहवः शतशः अथ सहस्रशः। श्रूयन्ते अयुतशः च अन्ये सङ्ख्याताः च अपि पद्मशः ॥BORI: १-००१-१७९॥
These and many others are heard of in their hundreds and thousands; others in their tens of thousands, and even reckoned in trillions... (BORI: 1-001-179)
[PV-OTH:01_001_242]
हित्वा सुविपुलान् भोगान् बुद्धिमन्तः महाबलाः। राजानः निधनं प्राप्ताः तव पुत्रैः महत्तमाः ॥BORI: १-००१-१८०॥
Having forsaken immense pleasures, those wise, mighty, and illustrious kings met their deaths because of your sons. (BORI: 1-001-180)
[PV-OTH:01_001_243]
येषां दिव्यानि कर्माणि विक्रमः त्यागः एव च। माहात्म्यम् अपि च आस्तिक्यं सत्यता शौचम् आर्जवम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१८१॥
whose extraordinary deeds, valor, generosity, greatness, piety, truthfulness, purity, and integrity… (BORI: 1-001-181)
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विद्वद्भिः कथ्यते लोके पुराणैः कवि-सत्तमैः। सर्व-ऋद्धि-गुण-सम्पन्नाः ते च अपि निधनं गताः ॥BORI: १-००१-१८२॥
…are recounted throughout the world by learned men, the foremost poets of old. Even they, endowed with every prosperity and virtue, met their end. (BORI: 1-001-182)
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तव पुत्राः दुरात्मानः प्रतप्ताः च एव मन्युना। लुब्धाः दुर्वृत्त-भूयिष्ठाः न तान् शोचितुम् अर्हसि ॥BORI: १-००१-१८३॥
Your sons were wicked, inflamed by anger, greedy, and overwhelmingly prone to misconduct. You should not grieve for them. (BORI: 1-001-183)
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श्रुतवान् असि मेधावी बुद्धिमान् प्राज्ञ-सम्मतः। येषां शास्त्र-अनुगा बुद्धिः न ते मुह्यन्ति भारत ॥BORI: १-००१-१८४॥
You are learned, discerning, intelligent, and esteemed by the wise. Those whose understanding follows the teachings do not fall into delusion, descendant of Bharata. (BORI: 1-001-184)
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निग्रह-अनुग्रहौ च अपि विदितौ ते नराधिप। न अत्यन्तम् एव अनुवृत्तिः श्रूयते पुत्र-रक्षणे ॥BORI: १-००१-१८५॥
You also understand restraint and favor, O king. It is said that one should not go to extremes in protecting one’s sons. (BORI: 1-001-185)
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भवितव्यं तथा तत् च; न अतः शोचितुम् अर्हसि। दैवं प्रज्ञा-विशेषेण; कः निवर्तितुम् अर्हति ॥BORI: १-००१-१८६॥
It was destined to be so; therefore you should not grieve. Who can avert fate through superior wisdom? (BORI: 1-001-186)
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विधातृ-विहितं मार्गं; न कश्चित् अति वर्तते। काल-मूलम् इदं सर्वं; भाव-अभावौ सुख-असुखे ॥BORI: १-००१-१८७॥
No one can overstep the path ordained by the Creator. All this is rooted in time—existence and nonexistence, happiness and unhappiness. (BORI: 1-001-187)
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कालः पचति भूतानि; कालः संहरति प्रजाः। निर्दहन्तं प्रजाः कालं; कालः शमयते पुनः ॥BORI: १-००१-१८८॥
Time ripens all beings; time destroys all creatures. And time in turn extinguishes time as it burns up creatures. (BORI: 1-001-188)
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कालः विकुरुते भावान्; सर्वान् लोके शुभ-अशुभान्। कालः सङ्क्षिपते सर्वाः; प्रजाः विसृजते पुनः ॥BORI: १-००१-१८९॥
Time transforms all conditions in the world, both good and bad. Time gathers up all creatures and sends them forth again. (BORI: 1-001-189)
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कालः सुप्तेषु जागर्ति कालो हि दुरतिक्रमः । कालः सर्वेषु भूतेषु चरत्यविधतः समः ॥KUMB: १-१-२७५; NILA: ०१.००१.२५०॥
Time keeps watch while others sleep, for Time is difficult to overcome. Time moves impartially among all beings, unhindered. (KUMB: 1-1-275; NILA: 01.001.250)
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कालः सर्वेषु भूतेषु; चरति अविधृतः समः ॥BORI: १-००१-१८९॥
Time moves equally among all beings, unchecked. (BORI: 1-001-189)
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अतीत-अनागताः भावाः; ये च वर्तन्ति साम्प्रतम्। तान् काल-निर्मितान् बुद्ध्वा; न सञ्ज्ञां हातुम् अर्हसि ॥BORI: १-००१-१९०॥
Knowing that past, future, and present states are all fashioned by time, you should not lose your senses. (BORI: 1-001-190)
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सूत उवाच॥
The Suta said:
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इत्येवं पुत्रशोकार्तं धृतराष्ट्रं जनेश्वरम् । आश्वास्य स्वस्थमकरोत्सूतो गावल्गणिस्तदा ॥KUMB: १-१-२७७; NILA: ०१.००१.२५२॥
Having thus consoled King Dhritarashtra, who was tormented by grief for his sons, the Suta, son of Gavalgana, restored him to composure. (KUMB: 1-1-277; NILA: 01.001.252)
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धृतराष्ट्रोऽपि तच्छ्रुत्वा धृतिमेव समाश्रयत् । दिष्ट्येदमागतमिति मत्त्वा स प्राज्ञसत्तमः ॥KUMB: १-१-२७८॥
Having heard this, Dhritarashtra too took refuge in fortitude, thinking, “By fate this has come to pass”—that wisest of men. (KUMB: 1-1-278)
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अत्र उपनिषदं पुण्याम् कृष्णद्वैपायनः अब्रवीत्। भारत-अध्ययनात् पुण्यात् अपि पादम् अधीयतः ॥BORI: १-००१-१९१॥
Here Krishna Dvaipayana proclaimed the sacred Upanishad. For one who studies even a quarter of the sacred Bharata… (BORI: 1-001-191)
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श्रद्दधानस्य पूयन्ते सर्वपापानि अशेषतः ॥BORI: १-००१-१९१॥
All the sins of one who studies it with faith are completely cleansed away. (BORI: 1-001-191)
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देवर्षयः हि अत्र पुण्याः ब्रह्म-राजर्षयः तथा। कीर्त्यन्ते शुभकर्माणः तथा यक्ष-महोरगाः ॥BORI: १-००१-१९२॥
For here are celebrated the holy divine seers, the brahmanical and royal seers, all of auspicious deeds, as well as the Yakshas and great serpents. (BORI: 1-001-192)
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भगवान् वासुदेवः च कीर्त्यते अत्र सनातनः। सः हि सत्यम् अमृतम् चैव पवित्रम् पुण्यम् एव च ॥BORI: १-००१-१९३॥
The eternal Lord Vāsudeva is also celebrated here. For he is truth and immortality, purity and holiness… (BORI: 1-001-193)
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शाश्वतं ब्रह्म परमं ध्रुवं ज्योतिः सनातनम्। यस्य दिव्यानि कर्माणि कथयन्ति मनीषिणः ॥BORI: १-००१-१९४॥
the eternal, supreme, immutable Brahman, the everlasting light, whose divine deeds the wise recount. (BORI: 1-001-194)
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असत् सत् सत्-असत् च एव; यस्मात् देवात् प्रवर्तते। सन्ततिः च प्रवृत्तिः च; जन्म मृत्युः पुनर्भवः ॥BORI: १-००१-१९५॥
from whom arise non-being, being, and both being and non-being, continuity and activity, birth, death, and rebirth; (BORI: 1-001-195)
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अध्यात्मं श्रूयते यत् च पञ्चभूत-गुणात्मकम्। अव्यक्त-आदि परं यत् च सः एव परिगीयते ॥BORI: १-००१-१९६॥
He alone is proclaimed to be that which is known as the inner self and consists of the qualities of the five elements, and that which lies beyond the Unmanifest and all the rest. (BORI: 1-001-196)
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यत् तत् यतिवराः युक्ताः ध्यान-योग-बलान्विताः। प्रतिबिम्बम् इव आदर्शे पश्यन्ति आत्मनि अवस्थितम् ॥BORI: १-००१-१९७॥
That which the foremost ascetics, disciplined and endowed with the power of meditative yoga, behold abiding within themselves like a reflection in a mirror. (BORI: 1-001-197)
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श्रद्दधानः सदा उद्युक्तः सत्य-धर्म-परायणः। आसेवन् इमम् अध्यायम् नरः पापात् प्रमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००१-१९८॥
A man who is always faithful and diligent, devoted to truth and righteousness, and who regularly studies this chapter is freed from sin. (BORI: 1-001-198)
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अनुक्रमणि-अध्यायम् भारतस्य इमम् आदितः। आस्तिकः सततं शृण्वन् न कृच्छ्रेषु अवसीदति ॥BORI: १-००१-१९९॥
A believer who continually listens from the beginning to this chapter containing the synopsis of the Bharata does not succumb to hardships. (BORI: 1-001-199)
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उभे सन्ध्ये जपन् किञ्चित्; सद्यः मुच्येत किल्बिषात्। अनुक्रमण्या यावत् स्यात्; अह्ना रात्र्या च सञ्चितम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२००॥
By reciting even a little of the Anukramani at dawn and dusk, he is immediately freed from whatever sin has accumulated by day and by night. (BORI: 1-001-200)
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भारतस्य वपुः हि एतत्; सत्यं च अमृतम् एव च। नवनीतं यथा दध्नः; द्विपदां ब्राह्मणः यथा ॥BORI: १-००१-२०१॥
This is indeed the very body of the Bhārata, and is truth and nectar itself—as butter is among curds and the Brahmin among bipeds... (BORI: 1-001-201)
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ह्रदानाम् उदधिः श्रेष्ठः; गौः वरिष्ठा चतुष्पदाम्। यथा एतानि वरिष्ठानि; तथा भारतम् उच्यते ॥BORI: १-००१-२०२॥
The ocean is the greatest of bodies of water, and the cow the foremost of four-footed creatures. Just as these are foremost, so is the Bharata said to be. (BORI: 1-001-202)
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यः च एनम् श्रावयेत् श्राद्धे; ब्राह्मणान् पादम् अन्ततः। अक्षय्यम् अन्नपानं तत्; पितृन् तस्य उपतिष्ठति ॥BORI: १-००१-२०३॥
Whoever has even a quarter of this recited to Brahmins at a śrāddha—the imperishable food and drink from that rite reaches his ancestors. (BORI: 1-001-203)
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इतिहास-पुराणाभ्यां; वेदम् समुपबृंहयेत्। बिभेति अल्प-श्रुतात् वेदः; माम् अयम् प्रतरिष्यति ॥BORI: १-००१-२०४॥
One should supplement the Veda with the Itihasas and Puranas. The Veda fears a person of little learning, thinking, “He will misinterpret me.” (BORI: 1-001-204)
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कार्ष्णम् वेदम् इमम् विद्वान्; श्रावयित्वा अर्थम् अश्नुते। भ्रूण-हत्या-कृतं च अपि; पापं जह्यात् न संशयः ॥BORI: १-००१-२०५॥
A learned man who has this Veda of Kṛṣṇa recited attains his goal and casts off even the sin incurred by killing an embryo—there is no doubt. (BORI: 1-001-205)
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यः इमं शुचिः अध्यायं पठेत् पर्वणि पर्वणि। अधीतं भारतं तेन कृत्स्नं स्यात् इति मे मतिः ॥BORI: १-००१-२०६॥
Whoever, being pure, recites this chapter on every sacred day will thereby have studied the entire Mahabharata—such is my belief. (BORI: 1-001-206)
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यः च इमं शृणुयात् नित्यम्; आर्षं श्रद्धा-समन्वितः। सः दीर्घम् आयुः कीर्तिं च; स्वर्ग-गतिम् च आप्नुयात् नरः ॥BORI: १-००१-२०७॥
And the man who, filled with faith, regularly listens to this work of the seers will attain long life, fame, and passage to heaven. (BORI: 1-001-207)
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चत्वारः एकतः वेदाः; भारतम् च एकम् एकतः। समागतैः सुरर्षिभिः; तुलाम् आरोपितं पुरा ॥BORI: १-००१-२०८॥
Long ago, the four Vedas together were placed on one side of a balance and the Bharata alone on the other by the assembled divine seers. (BORI: 1-001-208)
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महत्त्वे च गुरुत्वे च; ध्रियमाणं ततः अधिकम् ॥BORI: १-००१-२०८॥
and, when weighed in greatness and weight, greater than that. (BORI: 1-001-208)
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महत्त्वात् भारवत्त्वात् च; महाभारतम् उच्यते। निरुक्तम् अस्य यः वेद; सर्व-पापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००१-२०९॥
Because of its greatness and weightiness, it is called the Mahabharata. Whoever knows this derivation of its name is freed from all sins. (BORI: 1-001-209)
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तपः न कल्कः अध्ययनं न कल्कः। स्वाभाविकः वेदविधिः न कल्कः। प्रसह्य वित्त-ाहरणं न कल्कः; तानि एव भाव-उपहतानि कल्कः ॥BORI: १-००१-२१०॥
Asceticism is not sinful; study is not sinful; the natural ordinance of the Veda is not sinful; forcibly seizing wealth is not sinful. But those very things are sinful when corrupted by one’s motives. (BORI: 1-001-210)
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नारायणं सुरगुरुं जगदेकनाथंभक्तप्रियं सकललोकनमस्कृतं च । त्रैगुण्यवर्जितमजं विभुमाद्यमीशं वन्दे भवघ्नममरासुरसिद्धवन्द्यम्॥KUMB: १-१-२॥
I bow to Narayana, teacher of the gods, sole lord of the world, beloved of his devotees and honored by all the worlds—free from the three qualities, unborn, all-pervading, primordial, the Lord, destroyer of worldly existence, and revered by gods, Asuras, and Siddhas. (KUMB: 1-1-2)
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नमो धर्माय महते नमः कृष्णाय वेधसे । ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान्वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान्॥KUMB: १-१-३॥
Homage to the great Dharma; homage to Krishna, the Creator. Having paid homage to the Brahmins, I shall proclaim the eternal laws. (KUMB: 1-1-3)
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ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय । ॐ नमः पितामहाय । ॐ नमः प्रजापतिभ्यः । ॐ नमः कृष्णद्वैपायनाय । ॐ नमः सर्वविघ्नविनायकेभ्यः ॥KUMB: १-१-४॥
Om. Homage to the Blessed Lord Vāsudeva. Om. Homage to the Grandfather. Om. Homage to the Lords of Creatures. Om. Homage to Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana. Om. Homage to all the Removers of Obstacles. (KUMB: 1-1-4)
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तमाश्रममनुप्राप्य नैमिशारण्यवासिनः । उवाच तानृषीन्सर्वान्धन्यो वोऽस्म्यद्यदर्शनात् ॥KUMB: १-१-७॥
Upon reaching that hermitage, he said to all the sages dwelling in the Naimisha Forest, “I am blessed today by the sight of you.” (KUMB: 1-1-7)
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वेद वैयासिकीः सर्वाः कथा धर्मार्यैसंहिताः । वक्ष्यामि वो द्विजश्रेष्ठाः शृण्वन्त्वद्य तपोधनाः ॥KUMB: १-१-८॥
I know all the tales of Vyasa compiled by venerable men devoted to dharma. I shall tell them to you, best of the twice-born; let the ascetics listen today. (KUMB: 1-1-8)
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तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा नैमिशारण्यवासिनः । चित्रा श्रोतुं कथास्तत्र परिव्रुस्तपस्विनः ॥KUMB: १-१-९॥
Hearing those words of his, the ascetics dwelling in the Naimisha Forest gathered around him there to hear wondrous tales. (KUMB: 1-1-9)
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एवं पृष्टोऽब्रवीत्सम्यग्यथावद्रौमहर्षणिः । वाक्यं वचनसंपन्नस्तेषां च चरिताश्रयम् ॥KUMB: १-१-१४; NILA: ०१.००१.००८॥
Thus questioned, the eloquent son of Romaharshana duly gave a full reply concerning their deeds. (KUMB: 1-1-14; NILA: 01.001.008)
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तस्मिन्सदसि विस्तीर्णे मुनीनां भावितात्मनाम्. ॥KUMB: १-१-१५; NILA: ०१.००१.००९॥
in that spacious assembly of sages who had purified their minds. (KUMB: 1-1-15; NILA: 01.001.009)
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नमो भगवते तस्मै व्यासायामिततेजसे । यस्य प्रसादाद्वक्ष्यामि नारायणकथामिमाम् ॥KUMB: १-१-३२॥
Homage to the blessed Vyasa of boundless splendor, by whose grace I shall relate this tale of Narayana. (KUMB: 1-1-32)
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सर्वाश्रमाभिशमनं सर्वतीर्थावगाहनम् । न तथा फलद सूते नारायणकथा यथा ॥KUMB: १-१-३३॥
Visiting every hermitage and bathing at every sacred ford do not yield such fruit as the tale of Narayana does. (KUMB: 1-1-33)
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नास्ति नारायणसमं न भूतं न भविष्यति । एतेन सत्यवाक्येन सर्वार्थान्साधयाम्यहम्॥KUMB: १-१-३४॥
There is nothing equal to Narayana; there never has been, nor will there ever be. By this true declaration, I shall accomplish all my aims. (KUMB: 1-1-34)
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तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण व्यस्य वेदं सनातनम् । इतिहासमिमं चक्रे पुण्यं सत्यवतीसुतः ॥KUMB: १-१-३८॥
Through austerity and celibacy, Satyavati’s son divided the eternal Veda and composed this sacred history. (KUMB: 1-1-38)
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पुण्ये हिमवतः पादे मेध्ये गिरिगुहालये । विशोध्य देहं धर्मात्मा दर्भसंस्तरमाश्रितः ॥KUMB: १-१-३९॥
At the sacred foot of the Himalaya, in a pure dwelling within a mountain cave, the righteous sage purified his body and took his seat on a bed of darbha grass… (KUMB: 1-1-39)
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शुचिः सनियमो व्यासः शान्तात्मातपसि स्थितः भारतस्येतिहासस्य धर्मेणान्वीक्ष्य तां गतिम् ॥KUMB: १-१-४०॥
Vyasa, pure and disciplined, tranquil in spirit and steadfast in austerity, having discerned through dharma the course of the history of the Bharatas… (KUMB: 1-1-40)
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प्रविश्य योगं ज्ञानेन सोऽपश्यत्सर्वमन्ततः ॥KUMB: १-१-४१॥
Entering into yoga through knowledge, he saw everything in its entirety. (KUMB: 1-1-41)
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नीतिर्भरतवंशस्य विस्तारश्चैव सर्वशः.इतिहासाः सहव्याख्या विविधाश्रुतयोऽपि च ॥KUMB: १-१-६३॥
The polity of the Bharata dynasty and a full account of it in every respect; historical narratives with explanations, and various sacred traditions as well... (KUMB: 1-1-63)
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इह सर्वमनुक्रान्तमुक्तं ग्रन्थस्य लक्षणम् । संक्षेपेणेतिहासस्य ततो वक्ष्यति विस्तरम् ॥॥KUMB: १-१-६४॥
Everything has been covered here, and the nature of the work stated in brief. He will then relate the history in detail. (KUMB: 1-1-64)
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इतिहासपुरापानामुन्मेषं निमिषं च यत् । भूतं भव्यं भविष्यच्च त्रिविधं कालसंज्ञितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-८८; NILA: ०१.००१.०६३॥
the unfolding and contraction of the histories and Purāṇas; and what has been, what is, and what will be—the threefold division called time; (KUMB: 1-1-88; NILA: 01.001.063)
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जरामृत्युभयव्याधिभावाभावविनिश्चयः । विविधस्य च धर्मस्य ह्याश्रमाणां च लक्षणम् ॥KUMB: १-१-८९; NILA: ०१.००१.०६४॥
the determination of old age, death, fear, disease, existence and nonexistence; the various forms of dharma and the characteristics of the stages of life; (KUMB: 1-1-89; NILA: 01.001.064)
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चातुर्वर्ण्यविधानं च पुराणानां च कृत्स्नशः । तपसो ब्रह्मचर्यस्य पृथिव्याश्चन्द्रसूर्ययोः ॥KUMB: १-१-९०; NILA: ०१.००१.०६५॥
the ordering of the four social classes, a complete account of the Purāṇas, of asceticism and celibate religious study, and of the earth, the moon, and the sun; (KUMB: 1-1-90; NILA: 01.001.065)
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ग्रहनक्षत्रताराणां प्रमाणं च युगैः सह । ऋचो यजूषि सामानि वेदाध्यात्मं तथैव च ॥KUMB: १-१-९१; NILA: ०१.००१.०६६॥
the measurements of the planets, constellations, and stars, together with the ages; the Ṛg verses, Yajur formulas, and Sāman chants; and likewise the spiritual teaching of the Veda... (KUMB: 1-1-91; NILA: 01.001.066)
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न्यायशिक्षा चिकित्सा च दानं पाशुपतं तथा । इति नैकाश्रयं जन्म दिव्यमानुषसंज्ञितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-९२; NILA: ०१.००१.०६७॥
Logic, phonetics, medicine, charity, and the Pāśupata doctrine; thus birth has manifold bases and is designated divine and human. (KUMB: 1-1-92; NILA: 01.001.067)
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तीर्थानां चैव पुण्यानां देशानां चैव कीर्तनम् । नदीनां पर्वतानां च वनानां सागरस्य च ॥KUMB: १-१-९३; NILA: ०१.००१.०६८॥
The recounting of sacred pilgrimage places and regions, of rivers and mountains, of forests and the ocean; (KUMB: 1-1-93; NILA: 01.001.068)
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पुराणां चैव दिव्यानां कल्पानां युद्धकौशलम् । वाक्यजातिविशेषाश्च लोकयात्राक्रमश्च यः ॥KUMB: १-१-९४; NILA: ०१.००१.०६९॥
divine cities and cosmic cycles; skill in warfare; the distinctions among types of expression; and whatever course life in the world takes… (KUMB: 1-1-94; NILA: 01.001.069)
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यच्चापि सर्वगं वस्तु तच्चैव प्रतिपादितम् । परं न लेखकः कश्चिदेतस्य भुवि विद्यते ॥KUMB: १-१-९५; NILA: ०१.००१.०७०॥
Whatever exists everywhere has also been set forth in it; but there is no one on earth to write it down. (KUMB: 1-1-95; NILA: 01.001.070)
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तपोविशिष्टदपि वै वसिष्ठान्मुनिपुंगवात् । मन्ये श्रेष्ठव्यं त्वां वै रहस्यज्ञानवेदनात् ॥KUMB: १-१-९६; NILA: ०१.००१.०७१॥
Indeed, because of your understanding of secret knowledge, I consider you superior even to Vasiṣṭha, the foremost of sages and eminent in austerities. (KUMB: 1-1-96; NILA: 01.001.071)
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जन्मप्रभृति सत्यां ते वेद्मि गां ब्रह्मवादिनीम् । त्वयाच काव्यमित्युक्तं तस्मात्काव्यं भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-१-९७; NILA: ०१.००१.०७२॥
I know that from your birth your speech has been truthful and has proclaimed Brahman. And since you have called it a poem, it will therefore be a poem. (KUMB: 1-1-97; NILA: 01.001.072)
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अस्य काव्यस्य कवयो न समर्था विशेषणे । विशेषणे गृहस्थस्य शेषास्त्रय इवाश्रमाः ॥KUMB: १-१-९८; NILA: ०१.००१.०७३॥
Poets will be no more capable of surpassing this poem than the other three stages of life are of surpassing that of the householder. (KUMB: 1-1-98; NILA: 01.001.073)
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जडान्धबधिरोन्मत्तं तमोभूतं जगद्भवेत् । यदि ज्ञानहुताशेन त्वया नोज्ज्वलियं भवेत् ॥KUMB: १-१-९९॥
The world would be insensible, blind, deaf, and deranged, plunged into darkness, had it not been illuminated by you with the fire of knowledge. (KUMB: 1-1-99)
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तमसान्धस्य लोकस्य वेष्टितस्य स्वकर्मभिः । ज्ञानाञ्जनशलाकाभिर्बुद्धिनेत्रोत्सवः कृतः॥KUMB: १-१-१००; NILA: ०१.००१.०८४॥
For the world, blinded by darkness and enmeshed in its own deeds, a delight for the eye of understanding has been created with applicator sticks bearing the collyrium of knowledge. (KUMB: 1-1-100; NILA: 01.001.084)
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धर्मार्थकाममोक्षार्थैः समासव्यासकीर्तनैः । त्वया भारतसूर्येण नृणां विनिहतं तमः ॥KUMB: १-१-१०१; NILA: ०१.००१.०८५॥
You, the sun that is the Bharata, have dispelled the darkness of men through concise and detailed expositions concerning dharma, wealth, desire, and liberation. (KUMB: 1-1-101; NILA: 01.001.085)
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पुराणपूर्णचन्द्रेण श्रुतिज्योत्स्नाप्रकाशिना । नृणां कुमुदसौम्यानां कृतं बुद्धिप्रसादनम् ॥KUMB: १-१-१०२; NILA: ०१.००१.०८६॥
The full moon of the Purana, radiant with the moonlight of sacred revelation, has clarified the understanding of men gentle as night lotuses. (KUMB: 1-1-102; NILA: 01.001.086)
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ततोऽन्येभ्योऽनुरूपेभ्यः शिष्येभ्यः प्रददौ प्रभु षष्टिं शतसहस्राणि चकारान्यां स संहिताम् । त्रिंशच्छतसहस्रं च देवलोके प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-१२२; NILA: ०१.००१.१०५; NILA: ०१.००१.१०६॥
Then the lord gave it to other worthy disciples. He made another compilation of six million verses, of which three million are preserved in the realm of the gods. (KUMB: 1-1-122; NILA: 01.001.105; NILA: 01.001.106)
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पित्र्ये पञ्चदश प्रोक्तं रक्षोयक्षे चतुर्दश । एकं शतसहस्रं तु मानुषेषु प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥KUMB: १-१-१२३; NILA: ०१.००१.१०६; NILA: ०१.००१.१०७॥
Fifteen hundred thousand were proclaimed in the realm of the ancestors, and fourteen hundred thousand among the Rakshasas and Yakshas; one hundred thousand were established among humans. (KUMB: 1-1-123; NILA: 01.001.106; NILA: 01.001.107)
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वैशम्पायनविप्रर्षिः श्रावयामास पार्थिवम् । पारिक्षितं महात्मानं नाम्ना तु जनमेजयम्॥KUMB: १-१-१२५॥
The Brahmin sage Vaishampayana recited it to the magnanimous king, Parikshit’s descendant named Janamejaya. (KUMB: 1-1-125)
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अस्मिंस्तु मानुषे लोके वैशम्पायन उक्तवान् । शिष्यो व्यासस्य धर्मात्मा सर्ववेदविदां वरः ॥KUMB: १-१-१२६; NILA: ०१.००१.१०८; NILA: ०१.००१.१०९॥
In this human world, however, it was recited by Vaiśampāyana, the righteous disciple of Vyāsa and foremost among all who know the Vedas. (KUMB: 1-1-126; NILA: 01.001.108; NILA: 01.001.109)
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एकं शतसहस्रं तु मयोक्तं वै निबोधत ॥KUMB: १-१-१२७; NILA: ०१.००१.१०९॥
Know, then, that I have recounted one hundred thousand. (KUMB: 1-1-127; NILA: 01.001.109)
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इदं शतसहस्रं तु श्लोकानां पुण्यकर्मणाम् । उपाख्यानैः सह ज्ञेयं श्राव्यं भारतमुत्तमम् ॥KUMB: १-१-७७; NILA: ०१.००१.१०१; NILA: ०१.००१.१०२॥
This excellent Bharata, comprising one hundred thousand verses on virtuous deeds and including the subsidiary tales, is to be studied and recited. (KUMB: 1-1-77; NILA: 01.001.101; NILA: 01.001.102)
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रामं दाशरथिं चैव शशबिन्दुं भगीरथम् । कृतवीर्यं महाभागं तथैव जनमेजयम् ॥KUMB: १-१-२५३; NILA: ०१.००१.२२८॥
Rama, son of Dasharatha, Shashabindu, Bhagiratha, the greatly fortunate Kritavirya, and likewise Janamejaya... (KUMB: 1-1-253; NILA: 01.001.228)
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लोकानां च हितार्थाय कारुण्यान्मुनिसत्तमः । अत्रोपनिषदं पुण्यां कृष्णद्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-१-२७९॥
For the welfare of the world and out of compassion, the eminent sage Krishna Dvaipayana here proclaimed a sacred Upanishad. (KUMB: 1-1-279)
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विद्वद्भिः कथ्यते लोके पुराणे कविसत्तमैः । भारताध्ययनं पुण्यमपि पादमधीयतः । श्रद्दधानस्य पूयन्ते सर्वपापान्यशेषतः ॥KUMB: १-१-२८०; NILA: ०१.००१.२५३; NILA: ०१.००१.२५४॥
Learned men, the foremost of poets, proclaim in the world and in the Purana that study of the Bharata is sacred. All the sins of one who faithfully studies even a quarter of it are completely cleansed. (KUMB: 1-1-280; NILA: 01.001.253; NILA: 01.001.254)
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आरण्यकं च वेदेभ्य ओषधिभ्योऽमृतं यथा । ह्रदानामुदधिः श्रेष्ठो गौर्वरिष्ठा चतुष्पदाम् ॥KUMB: १-१-२९१; NILA: ०१.००१.२६५॥
the Āraṇyaka among the Vedas and nectar among medicinal herbs, just as the ocean is the best of bodies of water and the cow the foremost of quadrupeds. (KUMB: 1-1-291; NILA: 01.001.265)
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पुरा किल सुरैः सर्वैः समेत्य तुलया धृतम् । चतुर्भ्यः सरहस्येभ्यो वेदेभ्यो ह्यधिकं यदा ॥KUMB: १-१-२९८; NILA: ०१.००१.२७२॥
Long ago, all the gods are said to have assembled and weighed it on a balance; when it outweighed the four Vedas together with their secret teachings... (KUMB: 1-1-298; NILA: 01.001.272)
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तदाप्रभृति लोकेऽस्मिन्महाभारतमुच्यते । महत्त्वे च गुरुत्वे च ध्रियमाणं यतोऽधिकम् ॥KUMB: १-१-२९९; NILA: ०१.००१.२७३॥
From that time onward, it has been called the Mahabharata in this world, because, when weighed, it proved greater both in magnitude and in weight. (KUMB: 1-1-299; NILA: 01.001.273)
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ऋषय ऊचुः॥
The sages said:
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समन्तपञ्चकमिति यदुक्तं सूतनन्दन । एतत्सर्वं यथान्यायं श्रोतुमिच्छामहे वयम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१॥
Suta’s son, we wish to hear a full and proper account of the place called Samantapanchaka. (BORI: 1-002-1)
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सूत उवाच॥
The Suta said:
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शुश्रूषा यदि वो विप्रा ब्रुवतश्च कथाः शुभाः । समन्तपञ्चकाख्यं च श्रोतुमर्हथ सत्तमाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२॥
If you Brahmins wish to hear the auspicious tales I relate, you should also hear of what is called Samantapanchaka, O excellent men. (BORI: 1-002-2)
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त्रेताद्वापरयोः सन्धौ रामः शस्त्रभृतां वरः । असकृत्पार्थिवं क्षत्रं जघानामर्षचोदितः ॥BORI: १-००२-३॥
At the juncture of the Treta and Dvapara ages, Rama, the foremost of weapon-bearers, repeatedly slew the royal warrior class, driven by wrath. (BORI: 1-002-3)
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स सर्वं क्षत्रमुत्साद्य स्ववीर्येणानलद्युतिः । समन्तपञ्चके पञ्च चकार रुधिरह्रदान् ॥BORI: १-००२-४॥
Having destroyed all the Kshatriyas by his own might, he, radiant as fire, made five lakes of blood at Samantapanchaka. (BORI: 1-002-4)
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स तेषु रुधिराम्भस्सु ह्रदेषु क्रोधमूर्च्छितः । पितृन्सन्तर्पयामास रुधिरेणेति नः श्रुतम् ॥BORI: १-००२-५॥
Overcome with rage, he satiated his ancestors in those lakes of blood, offering them blood—or so we have heard. (BORI: 1-002-5)
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अथर्चीकादयोऽभ्येत्य पितरो ब्राह्मणर्षभम् । तं क्षमस्वेति सिषिधुस्ततः स विरराम ह ॥BORI: १-००२-६॥
Then his ancestors, beginning with Ṛcīka, approached that foremost of Brahmins and restrained him, saying, “Forgive him.” Thereupon he desisted. (BORI: 1-002-6)
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तेषां समीपे यो देशो ह्रदानां रुधिराम्भसाम् । समन्तपञ्चकमिति पुण्यं तत्परिकीर्तितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-७॥
The region near those lakes of blood is renowned as the holy Samantapañcaka. (BORI: 1-002-7)
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येन लिङ्गेन यो देशो युक्तः समुपलक्ष्यते । तेनैव नाम्ना तं देशं वाच्यमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥BORI: १-००२-८॥
The wise say that a region should be designated by the very name of the characteristic by which it is distinguished. (BORI: 1-002-8)
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अन्तरे चैव सम्प्राप्ते कलिद्वापरयोरभूत् । समन्तपञ्चके युद्धं कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥BORI: १-००२-९॥
At the juncture between the Dvāpara and Kali ages, a battle took place at Samantapañcaka between the armies of the Kurus and the Pāṇḍavas. (BORI: 1-002-9)
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तस्मिन्परमधर्मिष्ठे देशे भूदोषवर्जिते । अष्टादश समाजग्मुरक्षौहिण्यो युयुत्सया ॥BORI: १-००२-१०॥
In that supremely sacred land, free from defects of terrain, eighteen akshauhinis assembled, eager for battle. (BORI: 1-002-10)
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एवं नामाभिनिर्वृत्तं तस्य देशस्य वै द्विजाः । पुण्यश्च रमणीयश्च स देशो वः प्रकीर्तितः ॥BORI: १-००२-११॥
Thus did the name of that land arise, O Brahmins. That holy and delightful land has now been described to you. (BORI: 1-002-11)
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तदेतत्कथितं सर्वं मया वो मुनिसत्तमाः । यथा देशः स विख्यातस्त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुतः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२॥
Thus I have told you everything, O best of sages, about how that land became renowned and celebrated throughout the three worlds. (BORI: 1-002-12)
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ऋषय ऊचुः॥
The seers said:
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अक्षौहिण्य इति प्रोक्तं यत्त्वया सूतनन्दन । एतदिच्छामहे श्रोतुं सर्वमेव यथातथम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१३॥
O son of a Suta, we wish to hear in full and exactly what you referred to as an akshauhini. (BORI: 1-002-13)
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अक्षौहिण्याः परीमाणं रथाश्वनरदन्तिनाम् । यथावच्चैव नो ब्रूहि सर्वं हि विदितं तव ॥BORI: १-००२-१४॥
Tell us precisely the composition of an akshauhini in chariots, horses, men, and elephants, for you know everything. (BORI: 1-002-14)
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सूत उवाच॥
The Suta said:
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एको रथो गजश्चैको नराः पञ्च पदातयः । त्रयश्च तुरगास्तज्ज्ञैः पत्तिरित्यभिधीयते ॥BORI: १-००२-१५॥
One chariot, one elephant, five foot soldiers, and three horses are called a patti by those who know such matters. (BORI: 1-002-15)
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पत्तिं तु त्रिगुणामेतामाहुः सेनामुखं बुधाः । त्रीणि सेनामुखान्येको गुल्म इत्यभिधीयते ॥BORI: १-००२-१६॥
The wise call three such units a senāmukha; three senāmukhas are called a single gulma. (BORI: 1-002-16)
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त्रयो गुल्मा गणो नाम वाहिनी तु गणास्त्रयः । स्मृतास्तिस्रस्तु वाहिन्यः पृतनेति विचक्षणैः ॥BORI: १-००२-१७॥
Three gulmas are called a gaṇa, while three gaṇas constitute a vāhinī; three vāhinīs are known to the learned as a pṛtanā. (BORI: 1-002-17)
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चमूस्तु पृतनास्तिस्रस्तिस्रश्चम्वस्त्वनीकिनी । अनीकिनीं दशगुणां प्राहुरक्षौहिणीं बुधाः ॥BORI: १-००२-१८॥
Three pṛtanās constitute a camū, and three camūs an anīkinī; the learned call an anīkinī multiplied tenfold an akṣauhiṇī. (BORI: 1-002-18)
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अक्षौहिण्याः प्रसङ्ख्यानं रथानां द्विजसत्तमाः । सङ्ख्यागणिततत्त्वज्ञैः सहस्राण्येकविंशतिः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९॥
The number of chariots in an akshauhini, O best of the twice-born, is reckoned by experts in arithmetic as twenty-one thousand... (BORI: 1-002-19)
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शतान्युपरि चैवाष्टौ तथा भूयश्च सप्ततिः । गजानां तु परीमाणमेतदेवात्र निर्दिशेत् ॥BORI: १-००२-२०॥
plus eight hundred and seventy more. The number of elephants should be stated as exactly the same. (BORI: 1-002-20)
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ज्ञेयं शतसहस्रं तु सहस्राणि तथा नव । नराणामपि पञ्चाशच्छतानि त्रीणि चानघाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२१॥
The number of men should be known as 109,350, O sinless ones. (BORI: 1-002-21)
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पञ्चषष्टिसहस्राणि तथाश्वानां शतानि च । दशोत्तराणि षट्प्राहुर्यथावदिह सङ्ख्यया ॥BORI: १-००२-२२॥
They say that the horses number exactly sixty-five thousand six hundred and ten. (BORI: 1-002-22)
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एतामक्षौहिणीं प्राहुः सङ्ख्यातत्त्वविदो जनाः । यां वः कथितवानस्मि विस्तरेण द्विजोत्तमाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३॥
Those who understand the principles of reckoning call this an akshauhini, which I have described to you in detail, best of Brahmins. (BORI: 1-002-23)
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एतया सङ्ख्यया ह्यासन्कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः । अक्षौहिण्यो द्विजश्रेष्ठाः पिण्डेनाष्टादशैव ताः ॥BORI: १-००२-२४॥
By this reckoning, O best of Brahmins, the armies of the Kurus and the Pandavas comprised eighteen akshauhinis in all. (BORI: 1-002-24)
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समेतास्तत्र वै देशे तत्रैव निधनं गताः । कौरवान्कारणं कृत्वा कालेनाद्भुतकर्मणा ॥BORI: १-००२-२५॥
They assembled there in that land and met their end on that very spot, with the Kauravas as the cause, through Time, the worker of wondrous deeds. (BORI: 1-002-25)
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अहानि युयुधे भीष्मो दशैव परमास्त्रवित् । अहानि पञ्च द्रोणस्तु ररक्ष कुरुवाहिनीम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२६॥
Bhishma, the foremost knower of weapons, fought for ten days, while Drona defended the Kuru army for five days. (BORI: 1-002-26)
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अहनी युयुधे द्वे तु कर्णः परबलार्दनः । शल्योऽर्धदिवसं त्वासीद्गदायुद्धमतः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२७॥
Karna, the scourge of enemy forces, fought for two days; Shalya held command for half a day, after which came the mace fight. (BORI: 1-002-27)
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तस्यैव तु दिनस्यान्ते हार्दिक्यद्रौणिगौतमाः । प्रसुप्तं निशि विश्वस्तं जघ्नुर्यौधिष्ठिरं बलम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२८॥
At the end of that very day, Hārdikya, Drauṇi, and Gautama slew Yudhiṣṭhira’s army at night while it slept unsuspectingly. (BORI: 1-002-28)
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यत्तु शौनकसत्रे ते भारताख्यानविस्तरम् । आख्यास्ये तत्र पौलोममाख्यानं चादितः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२९॥
But in the expanded account of the Bharata that I shall relate to you at Shaunaka’s sacrificial session, the Pauloma narrative comes after the opening section. (BORI: 1-002-29)
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विचित्रार्थपदाख्यानमनेकसमयान्वितम् । अभिपन्नं नरैः प्राज्ञैर्वैराग्यमिव मोक्षिभिः ॥BORI: १-००२-३०॥
A narrative of varied meanings and expressions, encompassing many doctrines, embraced by wise men as detachment is by seekers of liberation… (BORI: 1-002-30)
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आत्मेव वेदितव्येषु प्रियेष्विव च जीवितम् । इतिहासः प्रधानार्थः श्रेष्ठः सर्वागमेष्वयम् ॥BORI: १-००२-३१॥
As the self is foremost among things to be known and life among things held dear, so this history, preeminent in significance, is the greatest of all sacred traditions. (BORI: 1-002-31)
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इतिहासोत्तमे ह्यस्मिन्नर्पिता बुद्धिरुत्तमा । स्वरव्यञ्जनयोः कृत्स्ना लोकवेदाश्रयेव वाक् ॥BORI: १-००२-३२॥
For supreme wisdom is enshrined in this finest of histories, just as speech, complete in both vowels and consonants, rests upon the world and the Veda. (BORI: 1-002-32)
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अस्य प्रज्ञाभिपन्नस्य विचित्रपदपर्वणः । भारतस्येतिहासस्य श्रूयतां पर्वसङ्ग्रहः ॥BORI: १-००२-३३॥
Hear the summary of the books of this history of the Bharatas, which is endowed with wisdom and has varied words and sections. (BORI: 1-002-33)
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पर्वानुक्रमणी पूर्वं द्वितीयं पर्वसङ्ग्रहः । पौष्यं पौलोममास्तीकमादिवंशावतारणम् ॥BORI: १-००२-३४॥
First comes Parvanukramani, and second Parvasangraha; then Paushya, Pauloma, Astika, and Adivamshavatarana. (BORI: 1-002-34)
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ततः सम्भवपर्वोक्तमद्भुतं देवनिर्मितम् । दाहो जतुगृहस्यात्र हैडिम्बं पर्व चोच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-३५॥
Then the wondrous, divinely fashioned Sambhava Parvan is recounted. Here too are related the burning of the house of lac and the Haidimba Parvan. (BORI: 1-002-35)
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ततो बकवधः पर्व पर्व चैत्ररथं ततः । ततः स्वयंवरं देव्याः पाञ्चाल्याः पर्व चोच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-३६॥
Then comes the section on the slaying of Baka, followed by the Caitraratha section; then comes the section on the svayaṃvara of the Pāñcāla princess. (BORI: 1-002-36)
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क्षत्रधर्मेण निर्जित्य ततो वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् । विदुरागमनं पर्व राज्यलम्भस्तथैव च ॥BORI: १-००२-३७॥
After she had been won in accordance with the warrior code, the Marriage section is recorded, followed by the section on Vidura’s Arrival and likewise the Acquisition of the Kingdom. (BORI: 1-002-37)
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अर्जुनस्य वने वासः सुभद्राहरणं ततः । सुभद्राहरणादूर्ध्वं ज्ञेयं हरणहारिकम् ॥BORI: १-००२-३८॥
Arjuna’s sojourn in the forest, followed by the Abduction of Subhadra; after the Abduction of Subhadra is the section known as Haranaharika. (BORI: 1-002-38)
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ततः खाण्डवदाहाख्यं तत्रैव मयदर्शनम् । सभापर्व ततः प्रोक्तं मन्त्रपर्व ततः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-३९॥
Then comes the section called the Burning of the Khandava Forest, in which Maya is encountered. Next is the Book of the Assembly Hall, followed by the Book of Counsel. (BORI: 1-002-39)
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जरासन्धवधः पर्व पर्व दिग्विजयस्तथा । पर्व दिग्विजयादूर्ध्वं राजसूयिकमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-४०॥
Then comes the section on the slaying of Jarāsandha, followed by the section on the conquest of the quarters. After the conquest of the quarters comes the section on the royal consecration. (BORI: 1-002-40)
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ततश्चार्घाभिहरणं शिशुपालवधस्ततः । द्यूतपर्व ततः प्रोक्तमनुद्यूतमतः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-४१॥
Then comes the Offering of the Arghya, followed by the Slaying of Shishupala. Next is the Book of the Dice Game, and after that comes the Second Dice Game. (BORI: 1-002-41)
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तत आरण्यकं पर्व किर्मीरवध एव च । ईश्वरार्जुनयोर्युद्धं पर्व कैरातसञ्ज्ञितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-४२॥
Then come the Āraṇyaka Parva and the slaying of Kirmīra, and the battle between Īśvara and Arjuna in the Parva known as Kairāta. (BORI: 1-002-42)
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इन्द्रलोकाभिगमनं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । तीर्थयात्रा ततः पर्व कुरुराजस्य धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००२-४३॥
Next comes the Book of the Journey to Indra’s Realm, followed by the Book of the wise Kuru king’s Pilgrimage to the Sacred Fords. (BORI: 1-002-43)
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जटासुरवधः पर्व यक्षयुद्धमतः परम् । तथैवाजगरं पर्व विज्ञेयं तदनन्तरम् ॥BORI: १-००२-४४॥
Next comes the section on the slaying of Jatasura, followed by the battle with the Yakshas. Immediately after that comes the section of the great serpent. (BORI: 1-002-44)
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मार्कण्डेयसमस्या च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् । संवादश्च ततः पर्व द्रौपदीसत्यभामयोः ॥BORI: १-००२-४५॥
After that comes the parvan concerning the meeting with Markandeya, followed by the parvan on the dialogue between Draupadi and Satyabhama. (BORI: 1-002-45)
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घोषयात्रा ततः पर्व मृगस्वप्नभयं ततः । व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानं ततोऽनन्तरमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-४६॥
Next comes the Ghoṣayātrā section, then the Terror of the Deer’s Dream; immediately afterward, the tale of the Measure of Rice is related. (BORI: 1-002-46)
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द्रौपदीहरणं पर्व सैन्धवेन वनात्ततः । कुण्डलाहरणं पर्व ततः परमिहोच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-४७॥
Then comes the section on Draupadi’s abduction from the forest by the king of Sindhu, followed by the section on the taking of the earrings. (BORI: 1-002-47)
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आरणेयं ततः पर्व वैराटं तदनन्तरम् । कीचकानां वधः पर्व पर्व गोग्रहणं ततः ॥BORI: १-००२-४८॥
Then comes the Āraṇeya Parva, followed by the Vairāṭa Parva, the section on the slaying of the Kīcakas, and then the section on the seizure of the cattle. (BORI: 1-002-48)
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अभिमन्युना च वैराट्याः पर्व वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् । उद्योगपर्व विज्ञेयमत ऊर्ध्वं महाद्भुतम् ॥BORI: १-००२-४९॥
The marriage of Virata’s daughter to Abhimanyu is recorded as the Vaivahika Parvan. Thereafter comes the Udyoga Parvan, which should be known as exceedingly wondrous. (BORI: 1-002-49)
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ततः सञ्जययानाख्यं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । प्रजागरं ततः पर्व धृतराष्ट्रस्य चिन्तया ॥BORI: १-००२-५०॥
Next comes the section called Sanjaya’s Mission, followed by the section called the Vigil, arising from Dhritarashtra’s anxiety. (BORI: 1-002-50)
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पर्व सानत्सुजातं च गुह्यमध्यात्मदर्शनम् । यानसन्धिस्ततः पर्व भगवद्यानमेव च ॥BORI: १-००२-५१॥
Then comes the Sanatsujata section, the secret teaching on the Self; thereafter, the Yanasandhi section and the Bhagavadyana. (BORI: 1-002-51)
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ज्ञेयं विवादपर्वात्र कर्णस्यापि महात्मनः । निर्याणं पर्व च ततः कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥BORI: १-००२-५२॥
Here comes the Vivāda Parvan concerning the great-souled Karna, followed by the Niryāṇa Parvan, on the departure of the Kuru and Pandava armies. (BORI: 1-002-52)
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रथातिरथसङ्ख्या च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् । उलूकदूतागमनं पर्वामर्षविवर्धनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-५३॥
Next comes the section on the enumeration of chariot warriors and great chariot warriors, followed by the section on the arrival of Uluka as envoy, which heightened resentment. (BORI: 1-002-53)
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अम्बोपाख्यानमपि च पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । भीष्माभिषेचनं पर्व ज्ञेयमद्भुतकारणम् ॥BORI: १-००२-५४॥
After that comes the section containing the tale of Amba, followed by the section of Bhishma’s consecration, which had an extraordinary cause. (BORI: 1-002-54)
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जम्बूखण्डविनिर्माणं पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् । भूमिपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं द्वीपविस्तरकीर्तनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-५५॥
Next comes the section describing the formation of Jambūkhanda. Then comes the Bhūmi section, which recounts the extent of the continents. (BORI: 1-002-55)
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पर्वोक्तं भगवद्गीता पर्व भीष्मवधस्ततः । द्रोणाभिषेकः पर्वोक्तं संशप्तकवधस्ततः ॥BORI: १-००२-५६॥
The Bhagavad Gita is recounted in a section, followed by the section on Bhishma’s death; Drona’s consecration is recounted in a section, followed by the death of the Samsaptakas. (BORI: 1-002-56)
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अभिमन्युवधः पर्व प्रतिज्ञापर्व चोच्यते । जयद्रथवधः पर्व घटोत्कचवधस्ततः ॥BORI: १-००२-५७॥
The Abhimanyu-vadha Parva and the Pratijna Parva are then named, followed by the Jayadratha-vadha Parva and the Ghatotkaca-vadha Parva. (BORI: 1-002-57)
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ततो द्रोणवधः पर्व विज्ञेयं लोमहर्षणम् । मोक्षो नारायणास्त्रस्य पर्वानन्तरमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-५८॥
Then comes the terrifying Book of the Slaying of Drona; the following book is called the Deliverance from the Narayana Weapon. (BORI: 1-002-58)
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कर्णपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं शल्यपर्व ततः परम् । ह्रदप्रवेशनं पर्व गदायुद्धमतः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-५९॥
Next comes the Book of Karna, followed by the Book of Shalya. Then comes the Book of the Entry into the Lake, followed by the Mace Combat. (BORI: 1-002-59)
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सारस्वतं ततः पर्व तीर्थवंशगुणान्वितम् । अत ऊर्ध्वं तु बीभत्सं पर्व सौप्तिकमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-६०॥
Next comes the Sarasvata Parva, which recounts the lineages and virtues of the sacred fords. After that comes the horrifying Sauptika Parva. (BORI: 1-002-60)
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ऐषीकं पर्व निर्दिष्टमत ऊर्ध्वं सुदारुणम् । जलप्रदानिकं पर्व स्त्रीपर्व च ततः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-६१॥
Next comes the exceedingly terrible Aiṣīka Parvan; after that come the Jalapradānika Parvan and the Strī Parvan. (BORI: 1-002-61)
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श्राद्धपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं कुरूणामौर्ध्वदेहिकम् । आभिषेचनिकं पर्व धर्मराजस्य धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००२-६२॥
Next comes the section on the ancestral rites, the funeral ceremonies of the Kurus, followed by the section on the coronation of the wise King Dharma. (BORI: 1-002-62)
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चार्वाकनिग्रहः पर्व रक्षसो ब्रह्मरूपिणः । प्रविभागो गृहाणां च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् ॥BORI: १-००२-६३॥
Next comes the section on the destruction of the Rakshasa Charvaka, who had assumed the form of a Brahmin, followed by the section on the division of the houses. (BORI: 1-002-63)
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शान्तिपर्व ततो यत्र राजधर्मानुकीर्तनम् । आपद्धर्मश्च पर्वोक्तं मोक्षधर्मस्ततः परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-६४॥
Then comes the Book of Peace, in which the duties of kings are recounted; the duties in times of distress are also set forth there, followed by the duties pertaining to liberation. (BORI: 1-002-64)
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ततः पर्व परिज्ञेयमानुशासनिकं परम् । स्वर्गारोहणिकं पर्व ततो भीष्मस्य धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००२-६५॥
Then comes the excellent Anuśāsanika Parvan, followed by the Svargārohaṇika Parvan concerning the wise Bhīṣma. (BORI: 1-002-65)
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ततोऽश्वमेधिकं पर्व सर्वपापप्रणाशनम् । अनुगीता ततः पर्व ज्ञेयमध्यात्मवाचकम् ॥BORI: १-००२-६६॥
Next comes the Aśvamedhika Parvan, which destroys all sins. Then comes the Anugītā Parvan, which treats of the self. (BORI: 1-002-66)
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पर्व चाश्रमवासाख्यं पुत्रदर्शनमेव च । नारदागमनं पर्व ततः परमिहोच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-६७॥
Then the book called Āśramavāsa, together with the Seeing of the Sons; after that, the excellent book called the Arrival of Nārada is recounted here. (BORI: 1-002-67)
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मौसलं पर्व च ततो घोरं समनुवर्ण्यते । महाप्रस्थानिकं पर्व स्वर्गारोहणिकं ततः ॥BORI: १-००२-६८॥
Then the terrible Mausala Parva is recounted, followed by the Mahaprasthanika Parva and the Svargarohanika Parva. (BORI: 1-002-68)
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हरिवंशस्ततः पर्व पुराणं खिलसञ्ज्ञितम् । भविष्यत्पर्व चाप्युक्तं खिलेष्वेवाद्भुतं महत् ॥BORI: १-००२-६९॥
Then comes the Harivamsha Parvan, a Purana known as a supplement; the great and wondrous Bhavishyat Parvan too is included among the supplements. (BORI: 1-002-69)
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एतत्पर्वशतं पूर्णं व्यासेनोक्तं महात्मना । यथावत्सूतपुत्रेण लोमहर्षणिना पुनः ॥BORI: १-००२-७०॥
This complete collection of one hundred books was set forth by the great-souled Vyasa and then faithfully repeated by Lomaharshana, the Suta’s son. (BORI: 1-002-70)
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कथितं नैमिषारण्ये पर्वाण्यष्टादशैव तु । समासो भारतस्यायं तत्रोक्तः पर्वसङ्ग्रहः ॥BORI: १-००२-७१॥
was recounted in the Naimisha Forest; yet there are precisely eighteen books. This is a summary of the Bharata, in which the catalogue of its books was set forth. (BORI: 1-002-71)
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पौष्ये पर्वणि माहात्म्यमुत्तङ्कस्योपवर्णितम् । पौलोमे भृगुवंशस्य विस्तारः परिकीर्तितः ॥BORI: १-००२-७२॥
In the Pauṣya Parvan, the greatness of Uttaṅka is described; in the Pauloma, the lineage of Bhṛgu is recounted in detail. (BORI: 1-002-72)
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आस्तीके सर्वनागानां गरुडस्य च सम्भवः । क्षीरोदमथनं चैव जन्मोच्छैःश्रवसस्तथा ॥BORI: १-००२-७३॥
In the Āstīka Parvan: the origin of all the serpents and of Garuḍa, the churning of the Ocean of Milk, and likewise the birth of Uccaiḥśravas… (BORI: 1-002-73)
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यजतः सर्पसत्रेण राज्ञः पारिक्षितस्य च । कथेयमभिनिर्वृत्ता भारतानां महात्मनाम् ॥BORI: १-००२-७४॥
While the king, the son of Parikshit, was performing the snake sacrifice, this tale of the great-souled Bharatas came into being. (BORI: 1-002-74)
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विविधाः सम्भवा राज्ञामुक्ताः सम्भवपर्वणि । अन्येषां चैव विप्राणामृषेर्द्वैपायनस्य च ॥BORI: १-००२-७५॥
In the Sambhava Parva are related the various births of kings, of other Brahmins, and of the sage Dvaipayana. (BORI: 1-002-75)
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अंशावतरणं चात्र देवानां परिकीर्तितम् । दैत्यानां दानवानां च यक्षाणां च महौजसाम् ॥BORI: १-००२-७६॥
Here too is recounted the partial incarnation of the gods, the Daityas, the Danavas, and the mighty Yakshas... (BORI: 1-002-76)
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नागानामथ सर्पाणां गन्धर्वाणां पतत्रिणाम् । अन्येषां चैव भूतानां विविधानां समुद्भवः ॥BORI: १-००२-७७॥
and the origins of the Nagas, serpents, Gandharvas, birds, and various other beings. (BORI: 1-002-77)
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वसूनां पुनरुत्पत्तिर्भागीरथ्यां महात्मनाम् । शन्तनोर्वेश्मनि पुनस्तेषां चारोहणं दिवि ॥BORI: १-००२-७८॥
The rebirth of the great-souled Vasus through Bhagirathi, and their subsequent ascent from Shantanu’s house to heaven; (BORI: 1-002-78)
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तेजोंशानां च सङ्घाताद्भीष्मस्याप्यत्र सम्भवः । राज्यान्निवर्तनं चैव ब्रह्मचर्यव्रते स्थितिः ॥BORI: १-००२-७९॥
and here, Bhishma’s birth from the combined portions of their radiance, his renunciation of the kingdom, and his steadfast observance of the vow of celibacy; (BORI: 1-002-79)
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प्रतिज्ञापालनं चैव रक्षा चित्राङ्गदस्य च । हते चित्राङ्गदे चैव रक्षा भ्रातुर्यवीयसः ॥BORI: १-००२-८०॥
and the keeping of his vow; the protection of Citrāṅgada; and, after Citrāṅgada was slain, the protection of his younger brother; (BORI: 1-002-80)
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विचित्रवीर्यस्य तथा राज्ये सम्प्रतिपादनम् । धर्मस्य नृषु सम्भूतिरणीमाण्डव्यशापजा ॥BORI: १-००२-८१॥
Vichitravirya’s installation in the kingdom, and Dharma’s birth among men as a result of Aṇī-Māṇḍavya’s curse; (BORI: 1-002-81)
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कृष्णद्वैपायनाच्चैव प्रसूतिर्वरदानजा । धृतराष्ट्रस्य पाण्डोश्च पाण्डवानां च सम्भवः ॥BORI: १-००२-८२॥
and his birth through Krishna Dvaipayana, resulting from the granting of a boon; and the births of Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and the Pandavas; (BORI: 1-002-82)
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वारणावतयात्रा च मन्त्रो दुर्योधनस्य च । विदुरस्य च वाक्येन सुरुङ्गोपक्रमक्रिया ॥BORI: १-००२-८३॥
the journey to Varanavata, Duryodhana’s plot, and, on Vidura’s advice, the undertaking of the tunnel’s construction; (BORI: 1-002-83)
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पाण्डवानां वने घोरे हिडिम्बायाश्च दर्शनम् । घटोत्कचस्य चोत्पत्तिरत्रैव परिकीर्तिता ॥BORI: १-००२-८४॥
The Pandavas’ encounter with Hidimba in the dreadful forest and the birth of Ghatotkacha are also recounted here. (BORI: 1-002-84)
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अज्ञातचर्या पाण्डूनां वासो ब्राह्मणवेश्मनि । बकस्य निधनं चैव नागराणां च विस्मयः ॥BORI: १-००२-८५॥
The Pandavas’ life in concealment, their stay in a Brahmin’s house, the slaying of Baka, and the townspeople’s amazement. (BORI: 1-002-85)
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अङ्गारपर्णं निर्जित्य गङ्गाकूलेऽर्जुनस्तदा । भ्रातृभिः सहितः सर्वैः पाञ्चालानभितो ययौ ॥BORI: १-००२-८६॥
After defeating Aṅgāraparṇa on the bank of the Ganges, Arjuna then set out for the land of the Pañcālas with all his brothers. (BORI: 1-002-86)
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तापत्यमथ वासिष्ठमौर्वं चाख्यानमुत्तमम् । पञ्चेन्द्राणामुपाख्यानमत्रैवाद्भुतमुच्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-८७॥
Then the excellent tales of Tapati, Vasishtha, and Aurva, and the wondrous episode of the five Indras, are told here. (BORI: 1-002-87)
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पञ्चानामेकपत्नीत्वे विमर्शो द्रुपदस्य च । द्रौपद्या देवविहितो विवाहश्चाप्यमानुषः ॥BORI: १-००२-८८॥
Drupada’s deliberation over the five brothers having a single wife, and Draupadi’s divinely ordained, supernatural marriage; (BORI: 1-002-88)
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विदुरस्य च सम्प्राप्तिर्दर्शनं केशवस्य च । खाण्डवप्रस्थवासश्च तथा राज्यार्धशासनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-८९॥
Vidura’s arrival, the meeting with Keshava, the dwelling at Khandavaprastha, and the rule over half the kingdom; (BORI: 1-002-89)
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नारदस्याज्ञया चैव द्रौपद्याः समयक्रिया । सुन्दोपसुन्दयोस्तत्र उपाख्यानं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-९०॥
The agreement concerning Draupadi, made at Narada’s command, and the tale of Sunda and Upasunda are recounted there. (BORI: 1-002-90)
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पार्थस्य वनवासश्च उलूप्या पथि सङ्गमः । पुण्यतीर्थानुसंयानं बभ्रुवाहनजन्म च ॥BORI: १-००२-९१॥
Arjuna’s exile in the forest, his encounter with Ulupi on the way, his journey through the sacred fords, and the birth of Babhruvahana; (BORI: 1-002-91)
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द्वारकायां सुभद्रा च कामयानेन कामिनी । वासुदेवस्यानुमते प्राप्ता चैव किरीटिना ॥BORI: १-००२-९२॥
And in Dvaraka, Subhadra, a passionate woman, was won by the diademed one who desired her, with Vasudeva’s consent. (BORI: 1-002-92)
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हरणं गृह्य सम्प्राप्ते कृष्णे देवकिनन्दने । सम्प्राप्तिश्चक्रधनुषोः खाण्डवस्य च दाहनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-९३॥
Krishna, Devaki’s son, arriving after accepting the abduction; the acquisition of the discus and the bow; and the burning of the Khandava Forest. (BORI: 1-002-93)
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अभिमन्योः सुभद्रायां जन्म चोत्तमतेजसः । मयस्य मोक्षो ज्वलनाद्भुजङ्गस्य च मोक्षणम् । महर्षेर्मन्दपालस्य शार्ङ्ग्यं तनयसम्भवः ॥BORI: १-००२-९४॥
the birth of the supremely radiant Abhimanyu to Subhadra; Maya’s escape from the fire and the serpent’s deliverance; and the birth of the great sage Mandapala’s sons to the female Śārṅga bird… (BORI: 1-002-94)
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इत्येतदाधिपर्वोक्तं प्रथमं बहुविस्तरम् । अध्यायानां शते द्वे तु सङ्ख्याते परमर्षिणा । अष्टादशैव चाध्याया व्यासेनोत्तमतेजसा ॥BORI: १-००२-९५॥
Thus the first and very extensive book, the Adi Parva, has been recounted. The supremely radiant great seer Vyasa counted two hundred and eighteen chapters. (BORI: 1-002-95)
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सप्त श्लोकसहस्राणि तथा नव शतानि च । श्लोकाश्च चतुराशीतिर्दृष्टो ग्रन्थो महात्मना ॥BORI: १-००२-९६॥
The great-souled one found the work to contain seven thousand nine hundred and eighty-four verses. (BORI: 1-002-96)
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द्वितीयं तु सभापर्व बहुवृत्तान्तमुच्यते । सभाक्रिया पाण्डवानां किङ्कराणां च दर्शनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-९७॥
The second is called the Sabha Parva and contains many events: the construction of the Pandavas’ assembly hall and the appearance of the Kinkaras... (BORI: 1-002-97)
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लोकपालसभाख्यानं नारदाद्देवदर्शनात् । राजसूयस्य चारम्भो जरासन्धवधस्तथा ॥BORI: १-००२-९८॥
Nārada’s account of the halls of the Guardians of the World, which he had seen among the gods; the undertaking of the Rājasūya and likewise the slaying of Jarāsandha; (BORI: 1-002-98)
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गिरिव्रजे निरुद्धानां राज्ञां कृष्णेन मोक्षणम् । राजसूयेऽर्घसंवादे शिशुपालवधस्तथा ॥BORI: १-००२-९९॥
Krishna’s release of the kings imprisoned at Girivraja, and the slaying of Shishupala during the dispute over the offering of honor at the Rajasuya sacrifice. (BORI: 1-002-99)
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यज्ञे विभूतिं तां दृष्ट्वा दुःखामर्षान्वितस्य च । दुर्योधनस्यावहासो भीमेन च सभातले ॥BORI: १-००२-१००॥
and Bhima’s ridicule, on the floor of the assembly hall, of Duryodhana, who was filled with grief and indignation upon seeing that magnificence at the sacrifice; (BORI: 1-002-100)
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यत्रास्य मन्युरुद्भूतो येन द्यूतमकारयत् । यत्र धर्मसुतं द्यूते शकुनिः कितवोऽजयत् ॥BORI: १-००२-१०१॥
where his anger arose, prompting him to arrange the dice game; where Śakuni the gambler defeated the son of Dharma at dice; (BORI: 1-002-101)
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यत्र द्यूतार्णवे मग्नान्द्रौपदी नौरिवार्णवात् । तारयामास तांस्तीर्णाञ्ज्ञात्वा दुर्योधनो नृपः । पुनरेव ततो द्यूते समाह्वयत पाण्डवान् ॥BORI: १-००२-१०२॥
There Draupadi rescued them when they were sinking in the ocean of gambling, like a boat bearing men out of the sea. Knowing that they had reached safety, King Duryodhana then challenged the Pandavas to another game of dice. (BORI: 1-002-102)
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एतत्सर्वं सभापर्व समाख्यातं महात्मना । अध्यायाः सप्ततिर्ज्ञेयास्तथा द्वौ चात्र सङ्ख्यया ॥BORI: १-००२-१०३॥
All this is related in the Sabha Parva by the great sage. It should be known to contain seventy-two chapters in all. (BORI: 1-002-103)
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श्लोकानां द्वे सहस्रे तु पञ्च श्लोकशतानि च । श्लोकाश्चैकादश ज्ञेयाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥BORI: १-००२-१०४॥
In this Parvan, the number of verses is said to be two thousand five hundred and eleven. (BORI: 1-002-104)
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अतः परं तृतीयं तु ज्ञेयमारण्यकं महत् । पौरानुगमनं चैव धर्मपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥BORI: १-००२-१०५॥
Next comes the third, the great Āraṇyaka, including the citizens’ following of the wise son of Dharma. (BORI: 1-002-105)
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वृष्णीनामागमो यत्र पाञ्चालानां च सर्वशः । यत्र सौभवधाख्यानं किर्मीरवध एव च । अस्त्रहेतोर्विवासश्च पार्थस्यामिततेजसः ॥BORI: १-००२-१०६॥
where the Vrishnis and all the Panchalas arrived; where the destruction of Saubha and the slaying of Kirmira are recounted; and where the immensely powerful Partha went away to obtain weapons... (BORI: 1-002-106)
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महादेवेन युद्धं च किरातवपुषा सह । दर्शनं लोकपालानां स्वर्गारोहणमेव च ॥BORI: १-००२-१०७॥
the battle with Mahadeva in the form of a Kirata, the vision of the guardians of the worlds, and the ascent to heaven; (BORI: 1-002-107)
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दर्शनं बृहदश्वस्य महर्षेर्भावितात्मनः । युधिष्ठिरस्य चार्तस्य व्यसने परिदेवनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१०८॥
The arrival of the great sage Brihadashva, whose spirit was disciplined, and the afflicted Yudhishthira’s lamentation in his misfortune... (BORI: 1-002-108)
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नलोपाख्यानमत्रैव धर्मिष्ठं करुणोदयम् । दमयन्त्याः स्थितिर्यत्र नलस्य व्यसनागमे ॥BORI: १-००२-१०९॥
And here too, the deeply righteous and moving tale of Nala, in which Damayanti remained steadfast when misfortune befell Nala; (BORI: 1-002-109)
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वनवासगतानां च पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् । स्वर्गे प्रवृत्तिराख्याता लोमशेनार्जुनस्य वै ॥BORI: १-००२-११०॥
Lomasha also told the great-souled Pandavas, then living in forest exile, of Arjuna’s activities in heaven. (BORI: 1-002-110)
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तीर्थयात्रा तथैवात्र पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् । जटासुरस्य तत्रैव वधः समुपवर्ण्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-१११॥
Here too are recounted the pilgrimage of the great-hearted Pandavas and the slaying of Jatasura. (BORI: 1-002-111)
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नियुक्तो भीमसेनश्च द्रौपद्या गन्धमादने । यत्र मन्दारपुष्पार्थं नलिनीं तामधर्षयत् ॥BORI: १-००२-११२॥
Bhimasena was also charged by Draupadi on Gandhamadana, where he forced his way into that lotus pond in search of mandara blossoms. (BORI: 1-002-112)
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यत्रास्य सुमहद्युद्धमभवत्सह राक्षसैः । यक्षैश्चापि महावीर्यैर्मणिमत्प्रमुखैस्तथा ॥BORI: १-००२-११३॥
where he fought a tremendous battle with the Rakshasas and with the immensely powerful Yakshas, led by Manimat. (BORI: 1-002-113)
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आगस्त्यमपि चाख्यानं यत्र वातापिभक्षणम् । लोपामुद्राभिगमनमपत्यार्थमृषेरपि ॥BORI: १-००२-११४॥
and also the tale of Agastya, including his eating of Vatapi and the sage’s union with Lopamudra for the sake of offspring; (BORI: 1-002-114)
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ततः श्येनकपोतीयमुपाख्यानमनन्तरम् । इन्द्रोऽग्निर्यत्र धर्मश्च अजिज्ञासञ्शिबिं नृपम् ॥BORI: १-००२-११५॥
Then, immediately afterward, the episode of the hawk and the dove, in which Indra, Agni, and Dharma sought to test King Shibi… (BORI: 1-002-115)
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ऋश्यशृङ्गस्य चरितं कौमारब्रह्मचारिणः । जामदग्न्यस्य रामस्य चरितं भूरितेजसः ॥BORI: १-००२-११६॥
the story of Ṛśyaśṛṅga, who had been celibate from boyhood, and the story of the immensely powerful Jāmadagnya Rāma; (BORI: 1-002-116)
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कार्तवीर्यवधो यत्र हैहयानां च वर्ण्यते । सौकन्यमपि चाख्यानं च्यवनो यत्र भार्गवः ॥BORI: १-००२-११७॥
where the slaying of Kārtavīrya and the Haihayas is related, as well as the tale of Sukanyā, in which Cyavana, the descendant of Bhṛgu... (BORI: 1-002-117)
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शर्यातियज्ञे नासत्यौ कृतवान्सोमपीथिनौ । ताभ्यां च यत्र स मुनिर्यौवनं प्रतिपादितः ॥BORI: १-००२-११८॥
where, at Śaryāti’s sacrifice, Cyavana made the two Nāsatyas drinkers of Soma, and where that sage was restored to youth by them; (BORI: 1-002-118)
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जन्तूपाख्यानमत्रैव यत्र पुत्रेण सोमकः । पुत्रार्थमयजद्राजा लेभे पुत्रशतं च सः ॥BORI: १-००२-११९॥
Here too is told the story of Jantu, in which King Somaka sacrificed his son in order to have sons and obtained a hundred sons. (BORI: 1-002-119)
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अष्टावक्रीयमत्रैव विवादे यत्र बन्दिनम् । विजित्य सागरं प्राप्तं पितरं लब्धवानृषिः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२०॥
Here too is the tale of Aṣṭāvakra, in which the sage defeated Bandin in debate and recovered his father, who had gone to the ocean. (BORI: 1-002-120)
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अवाप्य दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि गुर्वर्थे सव्यसाचिना । निवातकवचैर्युद्धं हिरण्यपुरवासिभिः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२१॥
Having obtained divine weapons for his preceptor, Savyasachin’s battle with the Nivatakavachas, the inhabitants of Hiranyapura… (BORI: 1-002-121)
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समागमश्च पार्थस्य भ्रातृभिर्गन्धमादने । घोषयात्रा च गन्धर्वैर्यत्र युद्धं किरीटिनः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२२॥
Pārtha’s reunion with his brothers on Gandhamādana, and the expedition to the cattle station, during which the Diademed One fought the Gandharvas; (BORI: 1-002-122)
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पुनरागमनं चैव तेषां द्वैतवनं सरः । जयद्रथेनापहारो द्रौपद्याश्चाश्रमान्तरात् ॥BORI: १-००२-१२३॥
and their return once more to the lake in Dvaitavana, and Jayadratha’s abduction of Draupadi from the hermitage; (BORI: 1-002-123)
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यत्रैनमन्वयाद्भीमो वायुवेगसमो जवे । मार्कण्डेयसमस्यायामुपाख्यानानि भागशः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२४॥
where Bhima, as swift as the wind, pursued him; and the various tales in the meeting with Markandeya... (BORI: 1-002-124)
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संदर्शनं च कृष्णस्य संवादश्चैव सत्यया । व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानमैन्द्रद्युम्नं तथैव च ॥BORI: १-००२-१२५॥
Krishna’s visit and the dialogue with Satya; the Tale of the Measure of Rice, and likewise the tale of Indradyumna; (BORI: 1-002-125)
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सावित्र्यौद्दालकीयं च वैन्योपाख्यानमेव च । रामायणमुपाख्यानमत्रैव बहुविस्तरम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१२६॥
The tales of Sāvitrī and Uddālaka, the account of Vainya, and the extensive Rāmāyaṇa narrative are also found here. (BORI: 1-002-126)
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कर्णस्य परिमोषोऽत्र कुण्डलाभ्यां पुरंदरात् । आरणेयमुपाख्यानं यत्र धर्मोऽन्वशात्सुतम् । जग्मुर्लब्धवरा यत्र पाण्डवाः पश्चिमां दिशम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१२७॥
Here are the stripping of Karna’s earrings from him by Purandara and the Āraṇeya episode, in which Dharma instructed his son and the Pandavas, having received boons, went westward. (BORI: 1-002-127)
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एतदारण्यकं पर्व तृतीयं परिकीर्तितम् । अत्राध्यायशते द्वे तु सङ्ख्याते परमर्षिणा । एकोनसप्ततिश्चैव तथाध्यायाः प्रकीर्तिताः ॥BORI: १-००२-१२८॥
This Forest Book is declared to be the third. The great seer has counted in it two hundred and sixty-nine chapters. (BORI: 1-002-128)
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एकादश सहस्राणि श्लोकानां षट्शतानि च । चतुःषष्टिस्तथा श्लोकाः पर्वैतत्परिकीर्तितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१२९॥
This book is said to contain eleven thousand six hundred and sixty-four verses. (BORI: 1-002-129)
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अतः परं निबोधेदं वैराटं पर्वविस्तरम् । विराटनगरं गत्वा श्मशाने विपुलां शमीम् । दृष्ट्वा संनिदधुस्तत्र पाण्डवा आयुधान्युत ॥BORI: १-००२-१३०॥
Now hear the detailed account of the Virata Parva. On reaching Virata’s city, the Pandavas saw a great shami tree in the cremation ground and placed their weapons there. (BORI: 1-002-130)
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यत्र प्रविश्य नगरं छद्मभिर्न्यवसन्त ते । दुरात्मनो वधो यत्र कीचकस्य वृकोदरात् ॥BORI: १-००२-१३१॥
where they entered the city and lived in disguise, and where the evil-minded Kichaka was slain by Vrikodara. (BORI: 1-002-131)
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गोग्रहे यत्र पार्थेन निर्जिताः कुरवो युधि । गोधनं च विराटस्य मोक्षितं यत्र पाण्डवैः ॥BORI: १-००२-१३२॥
where, during the cattle raid, the Kauravas were defeated in battle by Pārtha, and Virāṭa’s cattle were rescued by the Pāṇḍavas; (BORI: 1-002-132)
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विराटेनोत्तरा दत्ता स्नुषा यत्र किरीटिनः । अभिमन्युं समुद्दिश्य सौभद्रमरिघातिनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१३३॥
where Virata gave Uttara, with Abhimanyu—the son of Subhadra and slayer of foes—in view, to become the daughter-in-law of the diademed Arjuna. (BORI: 1-002-133)
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चतुर्थमेतद्विपुलं वैराटं पर्व वर्णितम् । अत्रापि परिसङ्ख्यातमध्यायानां महात्मना ॥BORI: १-००२-१३४॥
Thus has the extensive fourth book, the Virāṭa Book, been recounted. Here too, the great sage has enumerated the chapters... (BORI: 1-002-134)
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सप्तषष्टिरथो पूर्णा श्लोकाग्रमपि मे शृणु । श्लोकानां द्वे सहस्रे तु श्लोकाः पञ्चाशदेव तु । पर्वण्यस्मिन्समाख्याताः सङ्ख्यया परमर्षिणा ॥BORI: १-००२-१३५॥
There are sixty-seven chapters in all. Now hear from me the total number of verses: in this Parvan, the supreme seer has enumerated exactly two thousand and fifty verses. (BORI: 1-002-135)
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उद्योगपर्व विज्ञेयं पञ्चमं शृण्वतः परम् । उपप्लव्ये निविष्टेषु पाण्डवेषु जिगीषया । दुर्योधनोऽर्जुनश्चैव वासुदेवमुपस्थितौ ॥BORI: १-००२-१३६॥
Next, the listener should know the fifth book as the Udyoga Parvan. When the Pandavas had encamped at Upaplavya, intent on victory, Duryodhana and Arjuna both approached Vasudeva. (BORI: 1-002-136)
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साहाय्यमस्मिन्समरे भवान्नौ कर्तुमर्हति । इत्युक्ते वचने कृष्णो यत्रोवाच महामतिः ॥BORI: १-००२-१३७॥
“You should aid both of us in this war.” When these words had been spoken, the wise Krishna replied: (BORI: 1-002-137)
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अयुध्यमानमात्मानं मन्त्रिणं पुरुषर्षभौ । अक्षौहिणीं वा सैन्यस्य कस्य वा किं ददाम्यहम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१३८॥
O bulls among men, which shall I give to which of you: myself as a noncombatant adviser, or an akshauhini of troops? (BORI: 1-002-138)
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वव्रे दुर्योधनः सैन्यं मन्दात्मा यत्र दुर्मतिः । अयुध्यमानं सचिवं वव्रे कृष्णं धनञ्जयः ॥BORI: १-००२-१३९॥
The foolish, misguided Duryodhana chose the army, while Dhananjaya chose Krishna as his noncombatant adviser. (BORI: 1-002-139)
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सञ्जयं प्रेषयामास शमार्थं पाण्डवान्प्रति । यत्र दूतं महाराजो धृतराष्ट्रः प्रतापवान् ॥BORI: १-००२-१४०॥
where the valiant King Dhritarashtra sent Sanjaya as an envoy to the Pandavas to seek peace; (BORI: 1-002-140)
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श्रुत्वा च पाण्डवान्यत्र वासुदेवपुरोगमान् । प्रजागरः सम्प्रजज्ञे धृतराष्ट्रस्य चिन्तया ॥BORI: १-००२-१४१॥
where, on hearing of the Pandavas led by Vasudeva, Dhritarashtra became sleepless with anxiety; (BORI: 1-002-141)
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विदुरो यत्र वाक्यानि विचित्राणि हितानि च । श्रावयामास राजानं धृतराष्ट्रं मनीषिणम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१४२॥
where Vidura addressed wise King Dhritarashtra with words both varied and salutary, (BORI: 1-002-142)
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तथा सनत्सुजातेन यत्राध्यात्ममनुत्तमम् । मनस्तापान्वितो राजा श्रावितः शोकलालसः ॥BORI: १-००२-१४३॥
and likewise where King Dhritarashtra, tormented in mind and overwhelmed with grief, was taught the supreme doctrine of the self by Sanatsujata; (BORI: 1-002-143)
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प्रभाते राजसमितौ सञ्जयो यत्र चाभिभोः । ऐकात्म्यं वासुदेवस्य प्रोक्तवानर्जुनस्य च ॥BORI: १-००२-१४४॥
where, at dawn in the royal assembly, Sanjaya proclaimed the oneness of the two lords, Vasudeva and Arjuna; (BORI: 1-002-144)
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यत्र कृष्णो दयापन्नः सन्धिमिच्छन्महायशाः । स्वयमागाच्छमं कर्तुं नगरं नागसाह्वयम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१४५॥
where the greatly renowned Krishna, moved by compassion and desiring peace, himself came to the city named after the elephants to make peace; (BORI: 1-002-145)
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प्रत्याख्यानं च कृष्णस्य राज्ञा दुर्योधनेन वै । शमार्थं याचमानस्य पक्षयोरुभयोर्हितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१४६॥
and King Duryodhana’s rejection of Krishna as he pleaded for peace for the good of both sides; (BORI: 1-002-146)
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कर्णदुर्योधनादीनां दुष्टं विज्ञाय मन्त्रितम् । योगेश्वरत्वं कृष्णेन यत्र राजसु दर्शितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१४७॥
where Krishna, learning of the wicked plot devised by Karna, Duryodhana, and the others, displayed his mastery of yoga before the kings; (BORI: 1-002-147)
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रथमारोप्य कृष्णेन यत्र कर्णोऽनुमन्त्रितः । उपायपूर्वं शौण्डीर्यात्प्रत्याख्यातश्च तेन सः ॥BORI: १-००२-१४८॥
where Krishna had Karna mount his chariot and made a diplomatic appeal to him, but Karna, out of proud resolve, refused him; (BORI: 1-002-148)
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ततश्चाप्यभिनिर्यात्रा रथाश्वनरदन्तिनाम् । नगराद्धास्तिनपुराद्बलसङ्ख्यानमेव च ॥BORI: १-००२-१४९॥
Then also the departure from the city of Hastinapura of the chariots, horses, men, and elephants, and the enumeration of the forces… (BORI: 1-002-149)
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यत्र राज्ञा उलूकस्य प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति । श्वोभाविनि महायुद्धे दूत्येन क्रूरवादिना । रथातिरथसङ्ख्यानमम्बोपाख्यानमेव च ॥BORI: १-००२-१५०॥
in which the king sent the harsh-speaking envoy Uluka to the Pandavas on the eve of the great battle, along with the enumeration of chariot warriors and great chariot warriors and the tale of Amba. (BORI: 1-002-150)
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एतत्सुबहुवृत्तान्तं पञ्चमं पर्व भारते । उद्योगपर्व निर्दिष्टं सन्धिविग्रहसंश्रितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१५१॥
This fifth book of the Bharata, rich in many events and concerned with peace and war, is designated the Book of Effort. (BORI: 1-002-151)
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अध्यायाः सङ्ख्यया त्वत्र षडशीतिशतं स्मृतम् । श्लोकानां षट्सहस्राणि तावन्त्येव शतानि च ॥BORI: १-००२-१५२॥
The number of chapters here is said to be one hundred and eighty-six. There are six thousand verses and six hundred more... (BORI: 1-002-152)
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श्लोकाश्च नवतिः प्रोक्तास्तथैवाष्टौ महात्मना । व्यासेनोदारमतिना पर्वण्यस्मिंस्तपोधनाः ॥BORI: १-००२-१५३॥
And a further ninety-eight verses are said to have been composed in this Parvan by the great-souled, noble-minded Vyasa, O ascetics. (BORI: 1-002-153)
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अत ऊर्ध्वं विचित्रार्थं भीष्मपर्व प्रचक्षते । जम्बूखण्डविनिर्माणं यत्रोक्तं सञ्जयेन ह ॥BORI: १-००२-१५४॥
Next they recount the Bhishma Parva, rich in varied themes, in which Sanjaya describes the formation of the continent of Jambu. (BORI: 1-002-154)
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यत्र युद्धमभूद्घोरं दशाहान्यतिदारुणम् । यत्र यौधिष्ठिरं सैन्यं विषादमगमत्परम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१५५॥
where a dreadful and exceedingly fierce battle raged for ten days, and where Yudhishthira’s army fell into utter despair. (BORI: 1-002-155)
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कश्मलं यत्र पार्थस्य वासुदेवो महामतिः । मोहजं नाशयामास हेतुभिर्मोक्षदर्शनैः ॥BORI: १-००२-१५६॥
where the wise Vasudeva dispelled Partha’s delusion, born of bewilderment, with arguments revealing the path to liberation; (BORI: 1-002-156)
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शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य यत्र पार्थो महाधनुः । विनिघ्नन्निशितैर्बाणै रथाद्भीष्ममपातयत् ॥BORI: १-००२-१५७॥
where the mighty archer Partha, placing Shikhandin in the forefront, struck Bhishma with sharp arrows and brought him down from his chariot. (BORI: 1-002-157)
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षष्ठमेतन्महापर्व भारते परिकीर्तितम् । अध्यायानां शतं प्रोक्तं सप्तदश तथापरे ॥BORI: १-००२-१५८॥
This is declared to be the sixth great book of the Bharata. Its chapters are said to number one hundred and seventeen. (BORI: 1-002-158)
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पञ्च श्लोकसहस्राणि सङ्ख्ययाष्टौ शतानि च । श्लोकाश्च चतुराशीतिः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः । व्यासेन वेदविदुषा सङ्ख्याता भीष्मपर्वणि ॥BORI: १-००२-१५९॥
In this Parvan, the Veda-knowing Vyasa has reckoned 5,884 verses in the Bhishma Parvan. (BORI: 1-002-159)
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द्रोणपर्व ततश्चित्रं बहुवृत्तान्तमुच्यते । यत्र संशप्तकाः पार्थमपनिन्यू रणाजिरात् ॥BORI: १-००२-१६०॥
Then comes the Drona Parva, wondrous and rich in events, in which the Samsaptakas drew Partha away from the battlefield. (BORI: 1-002-160)
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भगदत्तो महाराजो यत्र शक्रसमो युधि । सुप्रतीकेन नागेन सह शस्तः किरीटिना ॥BORI: १-००२-१६१॥
where King Bhagadatta, equal to Indra in battle, was slain by Kirīṭin together with his elephant Supratika; (BORI: 1-002-161)
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यत्राभिमन्युं बहवो जघ्नुर्लोकमहारथाः । जयद्रथमुखा बालं शूरमप्राप्तयौवनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१६२॥
where many of the world’s great chariot-warriors, led by Jayadratha, killed the valiant boy Abhimanyu before he had reached manhood; (BORI: 1-002-162)
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हतेऽभिमन्यौ क्रुद्धेन यत्र पार्थेन संयुगे । अक्षौहिणीः सप्त हत्वा हतो राजा जयद्रथः । संशप्तकावशेषं च कृतं निःशेषमाहवे ॥BORI: १-००२-१६३॥
where, after Abhimanyu was slain, the enraged Partha destroyed seven akshauhinis in battle and slew King Jayadratha, and the remaining Samsaptakas were utterly annihilated in the fight. (BORI: 1-002-163)
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अलम्बुसः श्रुतायुश्च जलसन्धश्च वीर्यवान् । सौमदत्तिर्विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः । घटोत्कचादयश्चान्ये निहता द्रोणपर्वणि ॥BORI: १-००२-१६४॥
Alambusa, Shrutayus, valiant Jalasandha, Somadatta’s son, Virata, Drupada the great chariot-warrior, Ghatotkacha, and others were slain in the Drona Parvan. (BORI: 1-002-164)
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अश्वत्थामापि चात्रैव द्रोणे युधि निपातिते । अस्त्रं प्रादुश्चकारोग्रं नारायणममर्षितः ॥BORI: १-००२-१६५॥
Here too, when Drona had fallen in battle, the enraged Ashvatthaman unleashed the terrible Narayana weapon. (BORI: 1-002-165)
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सप्तमं भारते पर्व महदेतदुदाहृतम् । अत्र ते पृथिवीपालाः प्रायशो निधनं गताः । द्रोणपर्वणि ये शूरा निर्दिष्टाः पुरुषर्षभाः ॥BORI: १-००२-१६६॥
This great seventh book of the Bharata has been recounted. In it, those valiant kings—bulls among men who were named in the Drona Parvan—mostly met their deaths. (BORI: 1-002-166)
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अध्यायानां शतं प्रोक्तमध्यायाः सप्ततिस्तथा । अष्टौ श्लोकसहस्राणि तथा नव शतानि च ॥BORI: १-००२-१६७॥
It is said to contain one hundred and seventy chapters, and eight thousand nine hundred verses... (BORI: 1-002-167)
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श्लोका नव तथैवात्र सङ्ख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना । पाराशर्येण मुनिना सञ्चिन्त्य द्रोणपर्वणि ॥BORI: १-००२-१६८॥
and nine verses have likewise been counted here in the Drona Parva by the truth-seeing sage Parasharya, after careful consideration. (BORI: 1-002-168)
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अतः परं कर्णपर्व प्रोच्यते परमाद्भुतम् । सारथ्ये विनियोगश्च मद्रराजस्य धीमतः । आख्यातं यत्र पौराणं त्रिपुरस्य निपातनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१६९॥
Next is related the supremely marvelous Book of Karna, including the appointment of the wise king of Madra as charioteer and the ancient account of the destruction of Tripura. (BORI: 1-002-169)
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प्रयाणे परुषश्चात्र संवादः कर्णशल्ययोः । हंसकाकीयमाख्यानमत्रैवाक्षेपसंहितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१७०॥
Here too is the harsh exchange between Karna and Shalya as they set out, and the tale of the swan and the crow, replete with taunts. (BORI: 1-002-170)
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अन्योन्यं प्रति च क्रोधो युधिष्ठिरकिरीटिनोः । द्वैरथे यत्र पार्थेन हतः कर्णो महारथः ॥BORI: १-००२-१७१॥
the anger that Yudhishthira and Kirīṭin bore toward one another, and where the mighty chariot-warrior Karna was slain by Partha in single combat. (BORI: 1-002-171)
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अष्टमं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतद्भारतचिन्तकैः । एकोनसप्ततिः प्रोक्ता अध्यायाः कर्णपर्वणि । चत्वार्येव सहस्राणि नव श्लोकशतानि च ॥BORI: १-००२-१७२॥
Those versed in the Bharata designate this as the eighth book. The Karna Book is said to contain sixty-nine chapters and four thousand nine hundred verses, as well as… (BORI: 1-002-172)
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अतः परं विचित्रार्थं शल्यपर्व प्रकीर्तितम् । हतप्रवीरे सैन्ये तु नेता मद्रेश्वरोऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-००२-१७३॥
Next is the Śalya Parva, renowned for its remarkable contents. When the army’s foremost warriors had been slain, the king of Madra became its commander. (BORI: 1-002-173)
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वृत्तानि रथयुद्धानि कीर्त्यन्ते यत्र भागशः । विनाशः कुरुमुख्यानां शल्यपर्वणि कीर्त्यते ॥BORI: १-००२-१७४॥
There the chariot battles that took place are recounted in detail, and the destruction of the foremost Kurus is related in the Book of Shalya. (BORI: 1-002-174)
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शल्यस्य निधनं चात्र धर्मराजान्महारथात् । गदायुद्धं तु तुमुलमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् । सरस्वत्याश्च तीर्थानां पुण्यता परिकीर्तिता ॥BORI: १-००२-१७५॥
Also recounted here are Shalya’s death at the hands of the mighty chariot-warrior Dharmaraja, the tumultuous mace battle, and the sanctity of the sacred fords of the Sarasvati. (BORI: 1-002-175)
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नवमं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतदद्भुतमर्थवत् । एकोनषष्टिरध्यायास्तत्र सङ्ख्याविशारदैः ॥BORI: १-००२-१७६॥
This is designated the ninth book, marvelous and rich in meaning. Its fifty-nine chapters, by experts in reckoning… (BORI: 1-002-176)
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सङ्ख्याता बहुवृत्तान्ताः श्लोकाग्रं चात्र शस्यते । त्रीणि श्लोकसहस्राणि द्वे शते विंशतिस्तथा । मुनिना सम्प्रणीतानि कौरवाणां यशोभृताम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१७७॥
They have been counted and contain many events. The total number of verses here is stated to be three thousand two hundred and twenty, composed by the sage concerning the illustrious Kauravas. (BORI: 1-002-177)
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अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि सौप्तिकं पर्व दारुणम् । भग्नोरुं यत्र राजानं दुर्योधनममर्षणम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१७८॥
Next I shall relate the dreadful Book of the Sleeping Warriors, in which the implacable king Duryodhana lay with his thighs shattered. (BORI: 1-002-178)
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व्यपयातेषु पार्थेषु त्रयस्तेऽभ्याययू रथाः । कृतवर्मा कृपो द्रौणिः सायाह्ने रुधिरोक्षिताः ॥BORI: १-००२-१७९॥
After the Pārthas had departed, those three chariot-warriors—Kṛtavarman, Kṛpa, and Droṇa’s son—arrived at evening, spattered with blood. (BORI: 1-002-179)
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प्रतिजज्ञे दृढक्रोधो द्रौणिर्यत्र महारथः । अहत्वा सर्वपाञ्चालान्धृष्टद्युम्नपुरोगमान् । पाण्डवांश्च सहामात्यान्न विमोक्ष्यामि दंशनम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१८०॥
There the mighty warrior Drona’s son, implacable in his wrath, vowed, “I will not take off my armor until I have killed all the Panchalas, led by Dhrishtadyumna, and the Pandavas together with their ministers.” (BORI: 1-002-180)
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प्रसुप्तान्निशि विश्वस्तान्यत्र ते पुरुषर्षभाः । पाञ्चालान्सपरीवाराञ्जघ्नुर्द्रौणिपुरोगमाः ॥BORI: १-००२-१८१॥
where those bulls among men, led by Droṇa’s son, slew the sleeping, unsuspecting Pāñcālas and their retinues at night; (BORI: 1-002-181)
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यत्रामुच्यन्त पार्थास्ते पञ्च कृष्णबलाश्रयात् । सात्यकिश्च महेष्वासः शेषाश्च निधनं गताः ॥BORI: १-००२-१८२॥
where those five sons of Pritha and the mighty archer Satyaki escaped through the protection of Krishna’s power, while all the rest met their deaths. (BORI: 1-002-182)
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द्रौपदी पुत्रशोकार्ता पितृभ्रातृवधार्दिता । कृतानशनसङ्कल्पा यत्र भर्तृनुपाविशत् ॥BORI: १-००२-१८३॥
where Draupadi, tormented by grief for her sons and afflicted by the slaying of her father and brother, resolved to fast and sat down beside her husbands; (BORI: 1-002-183)
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द्रौपदीवचनाद्यत्र भीमो भीमपराक्रमः । अन्वधावत सङ्क्रुद्धो भारद्वाजं गुरोः सुतम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१८४॥
where, at Draupadi’s words, Bhima of terrible prowess furiously pursued Bharadvaja’s descendant, the preceptor’s son. (BORI: 1-002-184)
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भीमसेनभयाद्यत्र दैवेनाभिप्रचोदितः । अपाण्डवायेति रुषा द्रौणिरस्त्रमवासृजत् ॥BORI: १-००२-१८५॥
There, driven by fate and afraid of Bhimasena, Drona’s son angrily released the weapon, crying, “For the annihilation of the Pandavas!” (BORI: 1-002-185)
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मैवमित्यब्रवीत्कृष्णः शमयंस्तस्य तद्वचः । यत्रास्त्रमस्त्रेण च तच्छमयामास फाल्गुनः ॥BORI: १-००२-१८६॥
where Krishna said, “Do not do so,” countering those words of his, and where Phalguna neutralized that weapon with a weapon. (BORI: 1-002-186)
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द्रौणिद्वैपायनादीनां शापाश्चान्योन्यकारिताः । तोयकर्मणि सर्वेषां राज्ञामुदकदानिके ॥BORI: १-००२-१८७॥
the curses that Drona’s son, Dvaipayana, and the others laid upon one another; and, at the water rite in which water was offered for all the kings, … (BORI: 1-002-187)
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गूढोत्पन्नस्य चाख्यानं कर्णस्य पृथयात्मनः । सुतस्यैतदिह प्रोक्तं दशमं पर्व सौप्तिकम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१८८॥
The story of Karna, Pritha’s own son, who was secretly born, is also told here. This is the tenth book, called Sauptika. (BORI: 1-002-188)
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अष्टादशास्मिन्नध्यायाः पर्वण्युक्ता महात्मना । श्लोकाग्रमत्र कथितं शतान्यष्टौ तथैव च ॥BORI: १-००२-१८९॥
In this book, eighteen chapters have been declared by the great-souled one. The total number of verses here is said to be eight hundred, and also… (BORI: 1-002-189)
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श्लोकाश्च सप्ततिः प्रोक्ता यथावदभिसङ्ख्यया । सौप्तिकैषीकसम्बन्धे पर्वण्यमितबुद्धिना ॥BORI: १-००२-१९०॥
And seventy verses have been declared in the proper count by the sage of immeasurable intellect in the book comprising the Sauptika and Aiṣīka. (BORI: 1-002-190)
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अत ऊर्ध्वमिदं प्राहुः स्त्रीपर्व करुणोदयम् । विलापो वीरपत्नीनां यत्रातिकरुणः स्मृतः । क्रोधावेशः प्रसादश्च गान्धारीधृतराष्ट्रयोः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९१॥
After this, they speak of the Strī Parvan, which evokes compassion, where the exceedingly sorrowful lament of the warriors’ wives is recounted, as well as the fury and reconciliation of Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (BORI: 1-002-191)
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यत्र तान्क्षत्रियाञ्शूरान्दिष्टान्ताननिवर्तिनः । पुत्रान्भ्रातृन्पितृंश्चैव ददृशुर्निहतान्रणे ॥BORI: १-००२-१९२॥
where they saw their sons, brothers, and fathers—those heroic Kshatriyas who never turned back and had met their appointed end—slain in battle. (BORI: 1-002-192)
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यत्र राजा महाप्राज्ञः सर्वधर्मभृतां वरः । राज्ञां तानि शरीराणि दाहयामास शास्त्रतः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९३॥
where the exceedingly wise king, foremost of all upholders of dharma, had the bodies of those kings cremated according to prescribed rites; (BORI: 1-002-193)
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एतदेकादशं प्रोक्तं पर्वातिकरुणं महत् । सप्तविंशतिरध्यायाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्नुदाहृताः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९४॥
This great and deeply moving eleventh Parva has thus been described. Twenty-seven chapters are contained in this Parva. (BORI: 1-002-194)
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श्लोकाः सप्तशतं चात्र पञ्चसप्ततिरुच्यते । सङ्ख्यया भारताख्यानं कर्त्रा ह्यत्र महात्मना । प्रणीतं सज्जनमनोवैक्लव्याश्रुप्रवर्तकम् ॥BORI: १-००२-१९५॥
The verses here are said to number seven hundred and seventy-five. Here the great-souled author composed the narrative of the Bharatas, which makes tears flow from the anguish of good people’s hearts. (BORI: 1-002-195)
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अतः परं शान्तिपर्व द्वादशं बुद्धिवर्धनम् । यत्र निर्वेदमापन्नो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः । घातयित्वा पितृन्भ्रातृन्पुत्रान्सम्बन्धिबान्धवान् ॥BORI: १-००२-१९६॥
After this comes the twelfth book, the understanding-enhancing Śānti Parvan, in which King Yudhiṣṭhira became despondent after causing fathers, brothers, sons, relations, and kinsmen to be killed. (BORI: 1-002-196)
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शान्तिपर्वणि धर्माश्च व्याख्याताः शरतल्पिकाः । राजभिर्वेदितव्या ये सम्यङ्नयबुभुत्सुभिः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९७॥
In the Book of Peace are expounded the duties taught from the bed of arrows, which kings seeking a proper understanding of statecraft should know. (BORI: 1-002-197)
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आपद्धर्माश्च तत्रैव कालहेतुप्रदर्शकाः । यान्बुद्ध्वा पुरुषः सम्यक्सर्वज्ञत्वमवाप्नुयात् । मोक्षधर्माश्च कथिता विचित्रा बहुविस्तराः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९८॥
There too are set forth the laws for times of distress, showing the causes arising from particular circumstances; by fully understanding them, a man may attain omniscience. The diverse and extensively elaborated teachings on liberation are also related. (BORI: 1-002-198)
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द्वादशं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतत्प्राज्ञजनप्रियम् । पर्वण्यत्र परिज्ञेयमध्यायानां शतत्रयम् । त्रिंशच्चैव तथाध्याया नव चैव तपोधनाः ॥BORI: १-००२-१९९॥
This, beloved of the wise, has been designated the twelfth book. Know that it contains three hundred chapters, together with another thirty-nine, O treasures of asceticism. (BORI: 1-002-199)
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श्लोकानां तु सहस्राणि कीर्तितानि चतुर्दश । पञ्च चैव शतान्याहुः पञ्चविंशतिसङ्ख्यया ॥BORI: १-००२-२००॥
Fourteen thousand five hundred and twenty-five verses are said to have been recited. (BORI: 1-002-200)
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अत ऊर्ध्वं तु विज्ञेयमानुशासनमुत्तमम् । यत्र प्रकृतिमापन्नः श्रुत्वा धर्मविनिश्चयम् । भीष्माद्भागीरथीपुत्रात्कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥BORI: १-००२-२०१॥
Next is to be known the excellent Anushasana, in which Yudhishthira, king of the Kurus, returned to his normal state after hearing the definitive exposition of dharma from Bhishma, son of Bhagirathi. (BORI: 1-002-201)
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व्यवहारोऽत्र कार्त्स्न्येन धर्मार्थीयो निदर्शितः । विविधानां च दानानां फलयोगाः पृथग्विधाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२०२॥
Here the practice relating to righteousness and wealth is set forth in full, as are the various rewards attached to different kinds of gifts; (BORI: 1-002-202)
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तथा पात्रविशेषाश्च दानानां च परो विधिः । आचारविधियोगश्च सत्यस्य च परा गतिः ॥BORI: १-००२-२०३॥
Likewise, the distinctions among worthy recipients, the highest rule governing gifts, the observance of prescribed conduct, and the supreme end of truth; (BORI: 1-002-203)
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एतत्सुबहुवृत्तान्तमुत्तमं चानुशासनम् । भीष्मस्यात्रैव सम्प्राप्तिः स्वर्गस्य परिकीर्तिता ॥BORI: १-००२-२०४॥
This excellent book of instruction contains a great many accounts; here too is recounted Bhishma’s attainment of heaven. (BORI: 1-002-204)
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एतत्त्रयोदशं पर्व धर्मनिश्चयकारकम् । अध्यायानां शतं चात्र षट्चत्वारिंशदेव च । श्लोकानां तु सहस्राणि षट्सप्तैव शतानि च ॥BORI: १-००२-२०५॥
This is the thirteenth book, which settles matters of dharma. It contains exactly one hundred and forty-six chapters and six thousand seven hundred verses. (BORI: 1-002-205)
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ततोऽश्वमेधिकं नाम पर्व प्रोक्तं चतुर्दशम् । तत्संवर्तमरुत्तीयं यत्राख्यानमनुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२०६॥
Next comes the fourteenth book, called the Aśvamedhika, containing the unsurpassed account of Saṃvarta and Marutta. (BORI: 1-002-206)
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सुवर्णकोशसम्प्राप्तिर्जन्म चोक्तं परिक्षितः । दग्धस्यास्त्राग्निना पूर्वं कृष्णात्सञ्जीवनं पुनः ॥BORI: १-००२-२०७॥
The acquisition of the treasury of gold and the birth of Parikshit are recounted, as is his restoration to life by Krishna after he had been burned by the weapon’s fire. (BORI: 1-002-207)
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चर्यायां हयमुत्सृष्टं पाण्डवस्यानुगच्छतः । तत्र तत्र च युद्धानि राजपुत्रैरमर्षणैः ॥BORI: १-००२-२०८॥
the Pāṇḍava’s battles here and there with hot-tempered princes as he followed the horse released to wander freely; (BORI: 1-002-208)
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चित्राङ्गदायाः पुत्रेण पुत्रिकाया धनञ्जयः । सङ्ग्रामे बभ्रुवाहेन संशयं चात्र दर्शितः । अश्वमेधे महायज्ञे नकुलाख्यानमेव च ॥BORI: १-००२-२०९॥
Here Dhananjaya was placed in mortal danger in battle by Babhruvahana, the son of Chitrangada, an appointed daughter; and, at the great horse sacrifice, there is also the tale of the mongoose. (BORI: 1-002-209)
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इत्याश्वमेधिकं पर्व प्रोक्तमेतन्महाद्भुतम् । अत्राध्यायशतं त्रिंशत्त्रयोऽध्यायाश्च शब्दिताः ॥BORI: १-००२-२१०॥
Thus has this most wondrous Book of the Horse Sacrifice been recounted. In it, one hundred and thirty-three chapters are specified. (BORI: 1-002-210)
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त्रीणि श्लोकसहस्राणि तावन्त्येव शतानि च । विंशतिश्च तथा श्लोकाः सङ्ख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥BORI: १-००२-२११॥
Three thousand three hundred and twenty verses were counted by the knower of truth. (BORI: 1-002-211)
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तत आश्रमवासाक्यं पर्व पञ्चदशं स्मृतम् । यत्र राज्यं परित्यज्य गान्धारीसहितो नृपः । धृतराष्ट्राश्रमपदं विदुरश्च जगाम ह ॥BORI: १-००२-२१२॥
Next comes the fifteenth book, known as Āśramavāsa, in which King Dhṛtarāṣṭra, accompanied by Gāndhārī, renounced the kingdom and departed with Vidura for a hermitage. (BORI: 1-002-212)
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यं दृष्ट्वा प्रस्थितं साध्वी पृथाप्यनुययौ तदा । पुत्रराज्यं परित्यज्य गुरुशुश्रूषणे रता ॥BORI: १-००२-२१३॥
Seeing him depart, the virtuous Pritha followed him then, relinquishing her sons’ kingdom and devoting herself to serving her elders. (BORI: 1-002-213)
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यत्र राजा हतान्पुत्रान्पौत्रानन्यांश्च पार्थिवान् । लोकान्तरगतान्वीरानपश्यत्पुनरागतान् ॥BORI: १-००२-२१४॥
where the king saw his slain sons and grandsons, as well as other heroic kings who had passed into another world, return once more. (BORI: 1-002-214)
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ऋषेः प्रसादात्कृष्णस्य दृष्ट्वाश्चर्यमनुत्तमम् । त्यक्त्वा शोकं सदारश्च सिद्धिं परमिकां गतः ॥BORI: १-००२-२१५॥
By the grace of the sage Krishna, he witnessed an unsurpassed marvel, cast off his grief, and together with his wife attained the highest perfection. (BORI: 1-002-215)
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यत्र धर्मं समाश्रित्य विदुरः सुगतिं गतः । सञ्जयश्च महामात्रो विद्वान्गावल्गणिर्वशी ॥BORI: १-००२-२१६॥
where Vidura, adhering to righteousness, attained a blessed state, as did the learned Sanjaya, the self-controlled son of Gavalgana and great official. (BORI: 1-002-216)
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ददर्श नारदं यत्र धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः । नारदाच्चैव शुश्राव वृष्णीनां कदनं महत् ॥BORI: १-००२-२१७॥
where King Yudhishthira saw Narada and heard from him of the great slaughter of the Vrishnis. (BORI: 1-002-217)
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एतदाश्रमवासाख्यं पूर्वोक्तं सुमहाद्भुतम् । द्विचत्वारिंशदध्यायाः पर्वैतदभिसङ्ख्यया ॥BORI: १-००२-२१८॥
Thus has been told the exceedingly wondrous book called Āśramavāsa. By count, this book contains forty-two chapters. (BORI: 1-002-218)
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सहस्रमेकं श्लोकानां पञ्च श्लोकशतानि च । षडेव च तथा श्लोकाः सङ्ख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥BORI: १-००२-२१९॥
One thousand five hundred and six verses have been counted by one who knows the truth. (BORI: 1-002-219)
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अतः परं निबोधेदं मौसलं पर्व दारुणम् । यत्र ते पुरुषव्याघ्राः शस्त्रस्पर्शसहा युधि । ब्रह्मदण्डविनिष्पिष्टाः समीपे लवणाम्भसः ॥BORI: १-००२-२२०॥
Next, hear of this dreadful Mausala Parvan, in which those tigers among men, able to withstand the blows of weapons in battle, were crushed by Brahma’s rod near the salt sea… (BORI: 1-002-220)
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आपाने पानगलिता दैवेनाभिप्रचोदिताः । एरकारूपिभिर्वज्रैर्निजघ्नुरितरेतरम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२१॥
At a drinking party, maddened by drink and driven on by fate, they slew one another with thunderbolts in the form of eraka reeds. (BORI: 1-002-221)
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यत्र सर्वक्षयं कृत्वा तावुभौ रामकेशवौ । नातिचक्रमतुः कालं प्राप्तं सर्वहरं समम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२२॥
where, after bringing about the destruction of all, those two, Rama and Keshava, did not escape Time when it came, the impartial destroyer of all; (BORI: 1-002-222)
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यत्रार्जुनो द्वारवतीमेत्य वृष्णिविनाकृताम् । दृष्ट्वा विषादमगमत्परां चार्तिं नरर्षभः ॥BORI: १-००२-२२३॥
where Arjuna, the bull among men, came to Dvaravati, now bereft of the Vrishnis, and at the sight of it sank into despondency and profound anguish; (BORI: 1-002-223)
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स सत्कृत्य यदुश्रेष्ठं मातुलं शौरिमात्मनः । ददर्श यदुवीराणामापाने वैशसं महत् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२४॥
After paying due honor to Śauri, the foremost of the Yadus and his maternal uncle, he saw the great slaughter of the Yadu heroes at their drinking bout. (BORI: 1-002-224)
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शरीरं वासुदेवस्य रामस्य च महात्मनः । संस्कारं लम्भयामास वृष्णीनां च प्रधानतः ॥BORI: १-००२-२२५॥
He had the bodies of Vasudeva and the great-souled Rama, as well as those of the foremost Vrishnis, given their funeral rites. (BORI: 1-002-225)
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स वृद्धबालमादाय द्वारवत्यास्ततो जनम् । ददर्शापदि कष्टायां गाण्डीवस्य पराभवम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२६॥
Then, taking the old people and children away from Dvaravati, he witnessed, in a dire calamity, the failure of Gandiva... (BORI: 1-002-226)
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सर्वेषां चैव दिव्यानामस्त्राणामप्रसन्नताम् । नाशं वृष्णिकलत्राणां प्रभावानामनित्यताम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२७॥
the failure of all the divine weapons, the destruction of the Vṛṣṇi women, and the impermanence of power… (BORI: 1-002-227)
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दृष्ट्वा निर्वेदमापन्नो व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः । धर्मराजं समासाद्य संन्यासं समरोचयेत् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२८॥
Seeing this, he became disillusioned and, urged by Vyasa’s words, would approach Dharmaraja and propose renunciation. (BORI: 1-002-228)
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इत्येतन्मौसलं पर्व षोडशं परिकीर्तितम् । अध्यायाष्टौ समाख्याताः श्लोकानां च शतत्रयम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२२९॥
Thus the Mausala Parva, the sixteenth book, has been recounted. Eight chapters have been enumerated, comprising three hundred verses... (BORI: 1-002-229)
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महाप्रस्थानिकं तस्मादूर्ध्वं सप्तदशं स्मृतम् । यत्र राज्यं परित्यज्य पाण्डवाः पुरुषर्षभाः । द्रौपद्या सहिता देव्या सिद्धिं परमिकां गताः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३०॥
After that, the Mahaprasthanika is remembered as the seventeenth book, in which the Pandavas, bulls among men, relinquished their kingdom and, together with the divine Draupadi, attained the highest perfection. (BORI: 1-002-230)
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अत्राध्यायास्त्रयः प्रोक्ताः श्लोकानां च शतं तथा । विंशतिश्च तथा श्लोकाः सङ्ख्यातास्तत्त्वदर्शिना ॥BORI: १-००२-२३१॥
Here three chapters are said to contain one hundred and twenty verses, as counted by the seer of truth. (BORI: 1-002-231)
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स्वर्गपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं दिव्यं यत्तदमानुषम् । अध्यायाः पञ्च सङ्ख्याताः पर्वैतदभिसङ्ख्यया । श्लोकानां द्वे शते चैव प्रसङ्ख्याते तपोधनाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३२॥
Next comes the Svarga Parva, divine and superhuman. This parva is reckoned to contain five chapters. Two hundred verses have also been counted, O ascetics… (BORI: 1-002-232)
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अष्टादशैवमेतानि पर्वाण्युक्तान्यशेषतः । खिलेषु हरिवंशश्च भविष्यच्च प्रकीर्तितम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२३३॥
Thus these eighteen books have been described in full; the Harivamsha and the Bhavishya have also been recounted among the supplementary books. (BORI: 1-002-233)
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एतदखिलमाख्यातं भारतं पर्वसङ्ग्रहात् । अष्टादश समाजग्मुरक्षौहिण्यो युयुत्सया । तन्महद्दारुणं युद्धमहान्यष्टादशाभवत् ॥BORI: १-००२-२३४॥
This entire Bhārata has been set forth through the summary of its books. Eighteen armies assembled, eager for battle, and that great and terrible war lasted eighteen days. (BORI: 1-002-234)
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यो विद्याच्चतुरो वेदान्साङ्गोपनिषदान्द्विजः । न चाख्यानमिदं विद्यान्नैव स स्याद्विचक्षणः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३५॥
A twice-born man who knew the four Vedas, together with their ancillary disciplines and the Upanishads, but did not know this narrative, would not be truly learned. (BORI: 1-002-235)
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श्रुत्वा त्विदमुपाख्यानं श्राव्यमन्यन्न रोचते । पुंस्कोकिलरुतं श्रुत्वा रूक्षा ध्वाङ्क्षस्य वागिव ॥BORI: १-००२-२३६॥
After hearing this tale, one takes no pleasure in hearing any other—just as, after hearing the male cuckoo’s song, one finds the crow’s harsh voice unpleasing. (BORI: 1-002-236)
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इतिहासोत्तमादस्माज्जायन्ते कविबुद्धयः । पञ्चभ्य इव भूतेभ्यो लोकसंविधयस्त्रयः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३७॥
From this finest of histories arise the inspirations of poets, just as the three realms of the world arise from the five elements. (BORI: 1-002-237)
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अस्याख्यानस्य विषये पुराणं वर्तते द्विजाः । अन्तरिक्षस्य विषये प्रजा इव चतुर्विधाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३८॥
The Purana lies within the compass of this narrative, O twice-born ones, just as the four kinds of creatures dwell within the realm of space. (BORI: 1-002-238)
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क्रियागुणानां सर्वेषामिदमाख्यानमाश्रयः । इन्द्रियाणां समस्तानां चित्रा इव मनःक्रियाः ॥BORI: १-००२-२३९॥
This narrative is the basis of all actions and qualities, just as the manifold activity of the mind is the basis of all the senses. (BORI: 1-002-239)
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अनाश्रित्यैतदाख्यानं कथा भुवि न विद्यते । आहारमनपाश्रित्य शरीरस्येव धारणम् ॥BORI: १-००२-२४०॥
No tale exists on earth that does not draw upon this narrative, just as the body cannot be sustained without food. (BORI: 1-002-240)
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इदं सर्वैः कविवरैराख्यानमुपजीव्यते । उदयप्रेप्सुभिर्भृत्यैरभिजात इवेश्वरः ॥BORI: १-००२-२४१॥
All the finest poets draw sustenance from this narrative, just as servants seeking advancement depend upon a noble lord. (BORI: 1-002-241)
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द्वैपायनौष्ठपुटनिःसृतमप्रमेयं; पुण्यं पवित्रमथ पापहरं शिवं च । यो भारतं समधिगच्छति वाच्यमानं; किं तस्य पुष्करजलैरभिषेचनेन ॥BORI: १-००२-२४२॥
What need has one who listens to the immeasurable, holy, purifying, sin-destroying, and auspicious Bharata as it is recited—issued from Dvaipayana’s lips—to bathe in the waters of Pushkara? (BORI: 1-002-242)
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आख्यानं तदिदमनुत्तमं महार्थं; विन्यस्तं महदिह पर्वसङ्ग्रहेण । श्रुत्वादौ भवति नृणां सुखावगाहं; विस्तीर्णं लवणजलं यथा प्लवेन ॥BORI: १-००२-२४३॥
This great, unsurpassed narrative, profound in meaning, has been set out here in a summary of its books. Once people have heard this at the outset, it becomes easy for them to enter, like the vast ocean of salt water with a boat. (BORI: 1-002-243)
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अथर्चीकादयोऽभ्येत्य पितरो राममब्रुवन् । राम राम महाभाग प्रीताः स्म तव भार्गव ॥KUMB: १-२-६; NILA: ०१.००२.००६॥
Then his ancestors, beginning with Ṛcīka, came and said to Rāma, “Rāma, Rāma, greatly blessed descendant of Bhṛgu, we are pleased with you.” (KUMB: 1-2-6; NILA: 01.002.006)
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अनया पितृभक्त्या च विक्रमेण तव प्रभो । वरं वृणीष्व भद्रं ते यमिच्छसि महाद्युते ॥KUMB: १-२-७; NILA: ०१.००२.००७॥
By this devotion to your ancestors and by your valor, lord, we are pleased with you. Choose whatever boon you desire, O greatly radiant one. May good fortune be yours! (KUMB: 1-2-7; NILA: 01.002.007)
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यदि मे पितरः प्रीता यद्यनुग्राह्यता मयि । यच्च रोषाभिभूतेन क्षत्रमुत्सादितं मया ॥KUMB: १-२-८; NILA: ०१.००२.००८॥
If my forefathers are pleased with me and I am worthy of their favor—and as for the warrior class that I destroyed when overcome by rage… (KUMB: 1-2-8; NILA: 01.002.008)
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अतश्च पापान्मुच्येऽहमेष मे प्रार्थितो वरः । ह्रदाश्च तीर्थभूता मे भवेयुर्भुवि विश्रुताः ॥KUMB: १-२-९; NILA: ०१.००२.००९॥
May I be freed from the sin of having done this—this is the boon I ask—and may my pools become sacred fords renowned throughout the world. (KUMB: 1-2-9; NILA: 01.002.009)
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एवं भविष्यतीत्येवं पितरस्तमथाब्रुवन् । तं क्षमस्वेति निषिषिधुस्ततः स विरराम ह ॥KUMB: १-२-१०; NILA: ०१.००२.०१०॥
“So it shall be,” the ancestors then told him. They restrained him, saying, “Forgive him,” and he thereupon desisted. (KUMB: 1-2-10; NILA: 01.002.010)
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समेत्य तं द्विजास्ताश्च तत्रैव निधं गताः । एतन्नामाभिनिर्वृत्तं तस्य देशस्य वै द्विजाः ॥KUMB: १-२-१५; NILA: ०१.००२.०१५॥
Having assembled in that land, O Brahmins, those armies met their end there itself. Thus indeed arose the name of that land, O Brahmins. (KUMB: 1-2-15; NILA: 01.002.015)
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यत्तु शौनक सत्रे ते भारताख्यानमुत्तमम् । जनमेजयस्य तत्सत्रे व्यासशिष्येण धीमता ॥KUMB: १-२-३३; NILA: ०१.००२.०३३॥
But that excellent account of the Bharatas which, O Shaunaka, at your sacrifice—the same, at Janamejaya’s sacrifice, by Vyasa’s wise disciple… (KUMB: 1-2-33; NILA: 01.002.033)
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कथितं विस्तरार्थं च यशो वीर्यं महीक्षिताम् । पौष्यं तत्र च पौलोममास्तीकं चादितः स्मृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३४; NILA: ०१.००२.०३४॥
was related in full, together with the fame and valor of kings; and in it the Paushya, Pauloma, and Astika were recounted first. (KUMB: 1-2-34; NILA: 01.002.034)
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अनाश्रित्येदमाख्यानं कथा भुवि न विद्यते । आहारमनपाश्रित्य शरीरस्येव धारणम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३७; NILA: ०१.००२.०३७॥
No tale on earth exists without drawing upon this narrative, just as the body cannot be sustained without food. (KUMB: 1-2-37; NILA: 01.002.037)
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तदेतद्भारतं नाम कविभिस्तूपजीव्यते । उदयतेप्सुभिर्भृत्यैरभिजात इवेश्वरः ॥KUMB: १-२-३८; NILA: ०१.००२.०३८॥
This work called the Bharata sustains poets, just as a noble lord sustains servants seeking advancement. (KUMB: 1-2-38; NILA: 01.002.038)
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तस्य प्रज्ञाभिपन्नस्य विचित्रपदपर्वणः । सूक्ष्मार्थन्याययुक्तस्य वेदार्थैर्भूषितस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-४०; NILA: ०१.००२.०४०॥
Of it, imbued with wisdom, varied in its words and sections, endowed with subtle meaning and sound reasoning, and adorned with the meanings of the Vedas… (KUMB: 1-2-40; NILA: 01.002.040)
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अर्जुनस्याभिगमनं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । ईश्वरार्जुनयोर्युद्धं पर्व कैरातसंज्ञितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-५०; NILA: ०१.००२.०५०॥
Next comes the section known as Arjuna’s Arrival, followed by the battle between Ishvara and Arjuna, the section called Kirata. (KUMB: 1-2-50; NILA: 01.002.050)
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इन्द्रलोकाभिगमनं पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । नलोपाख्यानमपि च धार्मिकं करुणोदयम् ॥KUMB: १-२-५१; NILA: ०१.००२.०५१॥
Next comes the section called the Journey to Indra’s World, and also the pious and compassion-stirring Tale of Nala. (KUMB: 1-2-51; NILA: 01.002.051)
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निवातकवचैर्युद्धं पर्व चाजगरं ततः । मार्कण्डेयसमास्या च पर्वानन्तरमुच्यते ॥KUMB: १-२-५३; NILA: ०१.००२.०५३॥
Then come the section on the battle with the Nivatakavacas and the Ajagara section; next is named the section on the meeting with Markandeya. (KUMB: 1-2-53; NILA: 01.002.053)
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संवादश्च ततः पर्व द्रौपदीसत्यभामयोः । घोषयात्रा ततः पर्व ततः प्रायोपवेशनेम् । मन्त्रस्य निश्चयं चैव मृगस्वप्नोद्भवं ततः ॥KUMB: १-२-५४॥
Then comes the section on the dialogue between Draupadi and Satyabhama, followed by the Ghoshayatra section, the fast unto death, the decision reached in council, and then the episode arising from the dream of the deer. (KUMB: 1-2-54)
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व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानमैन्द्रद्युम्नं तथैव च । द्रौपदीहरणं पर्व जयद्रथविमोक्षणम् ॥KUMB: १-२-५५; NILA: ०१.००२.०५५॥
The tale of the measure of rice, and likewise the story of Indradyumna; the section on Draupadi’s abduction and Jayadratha’s release. (KUMB: 1-2-55; NILA: 01.002.055)
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रामोपाख्यानमत्रैव पर्व ज्ञेयमतः परम् । पतिव्रताया माहात्म्यं सावित्र्याश्चैवमद्भुतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-५६; NILA: ०१.००२.०५६॥
Next comes the section containing the tale of Rama, and the wondrous greatness of the devoted wife Savitri. (KUMB: 1-2-56; NILA: 01.002.056)
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कुण्डलाहरणं पर्व ततः परमिहोच्यते । आरणेयं ततः पर्व वैराटं तदनन्तरम् ॥ पाण्डवानां प्रवेशश्च समयस्य च पालनम् ॥KUMB: १-२-५७; NILA: ०१.००२.०५७॥
Next is recounted the section on the taking of the earrings, followed by the Āraṇeya section and then the Virāṭa section: the Pāṇḍavas’ entry and their keeping of the appointed term. (KUMB: 1-2-57; NILA: 01.002.057)
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यानसन्धिस्ततः पर्व भगवद्यानमेव च । मातलीयमुपाख्यानं चरितं गालवस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-६१; NILA: ०१.००२.०६१॥
Then the Yānasandhi section and the Bhagavadyāna itself, the tale of Mātali, and the deeds of Gālava; (KUMB: 1-2-61; NILA: 01.002.061)
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सावित्रं वामदेव्यं च वैन्योपाख्यानमेव च । जामदग्न्यमुपाख्यानं पर्व षोडशराजकम् ॥KUMB: १-२-६२; NILA: ०१.००२.०६२॥
the Savitri and Vamadeva sections, the tale of Vainya, the tale of Jamadagnya, and the section on the Sixteen Kings; (KUMB: 1-2-62; NILA: 01.002.062)
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सभाप्रवेशः कृष्णस्य विदुलापुत्रशासनम् । उद्योगः सैन्यनिर्याणं विश्वोपाख्यानमेव च ॥KUMB: १-२-६३; NILA: ०१.००२.०६३॥
Krishna’s entrance into the assembly, Vidula’s instruction to her son, the preparations, the army’s departure, and the account of Vishva. (KUMB: 1-2-63; NILA: 01.002.063)
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ज्ञेयं विवादपर्वात्र कर्णस्यापि महात्मनः । ' मन्त्रस्य निश्चयं कृत्वा कार्यस्य समनन्तरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-६४॥
Here is also the section on the dispute with the noble Karna; having reached a firm decision in council, immediately after the matter… (KUMB: 1-2-64)
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श्वेतस्य वासुदेवेन चित्रं बहुकथाश्रयम्.' निर्याणं च ततः पर्व कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः ॥KUMB: १-२-६५॥
Śveta’s wondrous episode with Vāsudeva, encompassing many tales; and then the parvan of the marching forth of the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies. (KUMB: 1-2-65)
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आभिषेचनिकं पर्व धर्मराजसर्य धीमतः । प्रविभागो गृहाणां च पर्वोक्तं तदनन्तरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-७६; NILA: ०१.००२.०७५॥
The book then recounts the coronation of the wise King Dharma and the subsequent allotment of residences. (KUMB: 1-2-76; NILA: 01.002.075)
[PV-SVO:01_001_595]
शुकप्रश्नाभिगमनं ब्रह्मप्रश्नानुशासनम् । प्रादुर्भावश्च दुर्वासःसंवादश्चैव मायया ॥KUMB: १-२-७८; NILA: ०१.००२.०७७॥
Śuka’s coming to ask questions, instruction concerning questions about Brahman, the manifestation, and Durvāsas’s dialogue with Māyā. (KUMB: 1-2-78; NILA: 01.002.077)
[PV-SVO:01_001_596]
हरिवंशस्ततः पर्व पुराणं खिलसंज्ञितम् । विष्णुपर्व शिशोश्चर्या विष्णोः कंसवधस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-२-८३; NILA: ०१.००२.०८२॥
Then comes the Harivamsha Parvan, a Purana known as the Supplement: the Vishnu Parvan, Vishnu’s childhood exploits, and the slaying of Kamsa. (KUMB: 1-2-83; NILA: 01.002.082)
[PV-SVO:01_001_597]
समासो भारतस्यायमत्रोक्तः पर्वसंग्रहः । पौष्यं पौलोममास्तीकमादिरंशावतारणम् ॥KUMB: १-२-८६; NILA: ०१.००२.०८५॥
This is the summary of the Bharata; here its catalogue of books is given: Pauṣya, Pauloma, Āstīka—the first is Aṃśāvatāraṇa... (KUMB: 1-2-86; NILA: 01.002.085)
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संभवो जतुवेश्माख्यं हिडिम्बबकयोर्वधः । तथा चैत्ररथं देव्याः पाञ्चाल्याश्च स्वयंवरः ॥KUMB: १-२-८७; NILA: ०१.००२.०८६॥
Sambhava; the episode called the House of Lac; the slaying of Hidimba and Baka; likewise Caitraratha; and the svayamvara of the lady Panchali. (KUMB: 1-2-87; NILA: 01.002.086)
[PV-SVO:01_001_599]
क्षात्रधर्मेण निर्जित्य ततो वैवाहिकं स्मृतम् । विदुरागमनं चैव राज्यलाभस्तथैव च ॥KUMB: १-२-८८; NILA: ०१.००२.०८७॥
After she was won according to the warrior code, there is the Vaivāhika; then Vidura’s arrival and likewise the acquisition of the kingdom. (KUMB: 1-2-88; NILA: 01.002.087)
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वनवासोऽर्जुनस्यापि सुभद्राहरणं ततः । हरणाहरणं चैव दहनं खाण्डवस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-८९; NILA: ०१.००२.०८८॥
Arjuna’s forest exile, then the abduction of Subhadra, the giving and receiving of wedding gifts, and the burning of the Khandava Forest... (KUMB: 1-2-89; NILA: 01.002.088)
[PV-SVO:01_001_601]
मयस्य दर्शनं चैव आदिपर्वणि कथ्यते । पौष्ये पर्वणि माहात्म्यमुत्तङ्कस्योपवर्णितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-९०; NILA: ०१.००२.०८९॥
The meeting with Maya is also recounted in the Ādi Parva, while the greatness of Uttaṅka is described in the Pauṣya Parva. (KUMB: 1-2-90; NILA: 01.002.089)
[PV-SVO:01_001_602]
अन्येषां चैव भूतानां विविधानां समुद्भवः । महर्षेराश्रमपदे कण्वस्य च तपस्विनः ॥KUMB: १-२-९६; NILA: ०१.००२.०९५॥
the origins of various other beings, and at the hermitage of the ascetic great seer Kanva… (KUMB: 1-2-96; NILA: 01.002.095)
[PV-SVO:01_001_603]
शकुन्तलायां दुष्यन्ताद्भरतश्चापि जज्ञिवान् । यस्य लोकेषु नाम्नेदं प्रथितं भारतं कुलम् ॥KUMB: १-२-९७; NILA: ०१.००२.०९६॥
Bharata too was born to Shakuntala by Dushyanta; after him, this Bharata lineage is renowned throughout the worlds. (KUMB: 1-2-97; NILA: 01.002.096)
[PV-SVO:01_001_604]
वारणावतयात्रा च मन्त्रो दुर्योधनस्य च । कूटस्य धार्तराष्ट्रेण प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति ॥KUMB: १-२-१०३; NILA: ०१.००२.१०२॥
the journey to Varanavata, Duryodhana’s plot, and the sending of the deceiver by Dhritarashtra’s son against the Pandavas; (KUMB: 1-2-103; NILA: 01.002.102)
[PV-SVO:01_001_605]
हितोपदेशश्च पथि धर्मराजस्य धीमतः । विदुरेण कृतो यत्र हितार्थं म्लेच्छभाषया ॥KUMB: १-२-१०४; NILA: ०१.००२.१०३॥
and where Vidura, seeking his welfare, gave wise King Yudhishthira salutary counsel along the way in the language of the Mlecchas; (KUMB: 1-2-104; NILA: 01.002.103)
[PV-SVO:01_001_606]
विदुरस्य च वाक्येन सुरुङ्गोपक्रमक्रिया । निषाद्याः पञ्चपुत्रायाः सुप्ताया जतुवेश्मनि ॥KUMB: १-२-१०५; NILA: ०१.००२.१०४॥
the undertaking of the tunnel’s construction on Vidura’s advice; and of the Niṣāda woman, mother of five sons, as she slept in the house of lac… (KUMB: 1-2-105; NILA: 01.002.104)
[PV-SVO:01_001_607]
पुरोचनस्य चात्रैव दहनं संप्रकीर्तितम् । पाण्डवानां वने घोरे हिडिम्बायाश्च दर्शनम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१०६; NILA: ०१.००२.१०५॥
Here too are recounted the burning of Purocana and the Pandavas’ encounter with Hidimba in the dreadful forest. (KUMB: 1-2-106; NILA: 01.002.105)
[PV-SVO:01_001_608]
तत्रैव च हिडिम्बस्य वधो भीमान्महाबलात् । घटोत्कचस्य चोत्पत्तिंरत्रैव परिकीर्तिता ॥KUMB: १-२-१०७; NILA: ०१.००२.१०६॥
There too are recounted the slaying of Hidimba by the immensely powerful Bhima and the birth of Ghatotkaca. (KUMB: 1-2-107; NILA: 01.002.106)
[PV-SVO:01_001_609]
महर्षेर्दर्शनं चैव व्यासस्यामिततेजसः । तदाज्ञयैकचक्रायां ब्राह्मणस्य निवेशने ॥KUMB: १-२-१०८; NILA: ०१.००२.१०७॥
And the meeting with the great seer Vyasa of immeasurable splendor; and, at his command, in a Brahmin’s dwelling in Ekachakra… (KUMB: 1-2-108; NILA: 01.002.107)
[PV-SVO:01_001_610]
अज्ञातचर्यया वासो यत्र तेषां प्रकीर्तितः । बकस्य निधनं चैव नागराणां च विस्मयः ॥KUMB: १-२-१०९; NILA: ०१.००२.१०८॥
Their stay there in disguise is recounted, as are the slaying of Baka and the townspeople’s astonishment; (KUMB: 1-2-109; NILA: 01.002.108)
[PV-SVO:01_001_611]
संभवश्चैव कृष्णाया धृष्टद्युम्नस्य चैव ह । ब्राह्मणात्समुपश्रुत्य व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदिताः ॥KUMB: १-२-११०; NILA: ०१.००२.१०९॥
and the birth of Krishna and Dhrishtadyumna; having heard from a Brahmin and been spurred on by Vyasa’s words… (KUMB: 1-2-110; NILA: 01.002.109)
[PV-SVO:01_001_612]
द्रौपदीं प्रार्थयन्तस्ते स्वयंवरदिदृक्षया । पञ्चालानभितो जग्मुर्यत्र कौतूहलान्विताः ॥KUMB: १-२-१११; NILA: ०१.००२.११०॥
Seeking Draupadi and eager to see her svayamvara, they journeyed toward the land of the Panchalas, full of curiosity. (KUMB: 1-2-111; NILA: 01.002.110)
[PV-SVO:01_001_613]
अङ्गारपर्णं निर्जित्य गङ्गाकूलेऽर्जुनस्तदा । सख्यं कृत्वा ततस्तेन तस्मादेव च शुश्रुवे ॥KUMB: १-२-११२; NILA: ०१.००२.१११॥
At that time, after defeating Angaraparna on the bank of the Ganges, Arjuna befriended him and then heard from him... (KUMB: 1-2-112; NILA: 01.002.111)
[PV-SVO:01_001_614]
तापत्यमथ वासिष्ठमौर्वं चाख्यानमुत्तमम् । भ्रातृभिः सहितः सर्वैः पञ्चालानभितो ययौ ॥KUMB: १-२-११३; NILA: ०१.००२.११२॥
the excellent accounts of Tapatī, Vasiṣṭha, and Aurva. Then, accompanied by all his brothers, he went toward the Panchalas. (KUMB: 1-2-113; NILA: 01.002.112)
[PV-SVO:01_001_615]
पाञ्चालनगरे चापि लक्ष्यं भित्त्वा धनञ्जयः । द्रौपदीं लब्धवानत्र मध्ये सर्वमहीक्षिताम् ॥KUMB: १-२-११४; NILA: ०१.००२.११३॥
In the city of the Panchalas, Dhananjaya pierced the target and won Draupadi there, in the presence of all the kings. (KUMB: 1-2-114; NILA: 01.002.113)
[PV-SVO:01_001_616]
भीमसेनार्जुनौ यत्र संरब्धान्पृथिवीपतीन् । शल्यकर्णौ च तरसा जितवन्तौ महामृधे ॥KUMB: १-२-११५; NILA: ०१.००२.११४॥
where Bhimasena and Arjuna forcefully defeated the enraged kings, as well as Shalya and Karna, in the great battle. (KUMB: 1-2-115; NILA: 01.002.114)
[PV-SVO:01_001_617]
दृष्ट्वा तयोश्च तद्वीर्यमप्रमेयममानुषम् । शङ्कमानौ पाण्डवांस्तान् रामकृष्णौ महामती ॥KUMB: १-२-११६; NILA: ०१.००२.११५॥
Seeing the immeasurable, superhuman valor of the two, the wise Rama and Krishna, suspecting them to be the Pandavas… (KUMB: 1-2-116; NILA: 01.002.115)
[PV-SVO:01_001_618]
जग्मतुस्तैः समागन्तुं शालां भार्गववेश्मनि । पञ्चानामेकपत्नीत्वे विमर्शो द्रुपदस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-११७; NILA: ०१.००२.११६॥
They went to the hall in Bhargava’s dwelling to meet them; and Drupada’s deliberation over the five having one wife… (KUMB: 1-2-117; NILA: 01.002.116)
[PV-SVO:01_001_619]
पञ्चेन्द्राणामुपाख्यानमत्रैवाद्भुतमुच्यते । द्रौपद्या देवविहीतो विवाहश्चाप्यमानुषः ॥KUMB: १-२-११८; NILA: ०१.००२.११७॥
Here too is told the wondrous story of the five Indras, and of Draupadi’s superhuman marriage, ordained by the gods. (KUMB: 1-2-118; NILA: 01.002.117)
[PV-SVO:01_001_620]
क्षत्तुश्च धार्तराष्ट्रेण प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति । विदुरस्य च संप्राप्तिर्दर्शनं केशवस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-११९; NILA: ०१.००२.११८॥
the sending of Vidura by Dhritarashtra to the Pandavas, Vidura’s arrival, and his meeting with Keshava; (KUMB: 1-2-119; NILA: 01.002.118)
[PV-SVO:01_001_621]
सुन्दोपसुन्दयोस्तद्वदाख्यानं परिकीर्तितम् । अनन्तरं च द्रौपद्या सहासीनं युधिष्ठिरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१२१; NILA: ०१.००२.१२०॥
Likewise, the account of Sunda and Upasunda is fully related. Then, upon Yudhishthira as he sat with Draupadi… (KUMB: 1-2-121; NILA: 01.002.120)
[PV-SVO:01_001_622]
अनु प्रविश्य विप्रार्थे फाल्गुनो गृह्य चायुधम् । मोक्षयित्वा गृहं गत्वा विप्रार्थं कृतनिश्चयः ॥KUMB: १-२-१२२; NILA: ०१.००२.१२१॥
Phalguna entered for the Brahmin’s sake, took up his weapon, effected the rescue, and returned home, resolved to act for the Brahmin’s sake… (KUMB: 1-2-122; NILA: 01.002.121)
[PV-SVO:01_001_623]
समयं पालयन्वीरो वनं यत्र जगाम ह । पार्थस्य वनवासे च उलूप्या पथि सङ्गमः ॥KUMB: १-२-१२३; NILA: ०१.००२.१२२॥
where the hero, honoring the agreement, went into the forest; and Pārtha’s encounter with Ulūpī on the way during his forest exile; (KUMB: 1-2-123; NILA: 01.002.122)
[PV-SVO:01_001_624]
पुण्यतीर्थानुसंयानं बभ्रुवाहनजन्म च । तत्रैव मोक्षयामास पञ्च सोऽप्सरसः शुभाः ॥KUMB: १-२-१२४; NILA: ०१.००२.१२३॥
His journey through the sacred fords and the birth of Babhruvahana; there he also freed five beautiful Apsarases. (KUMB: 1-2-124; NILA: 01.002.123)
[PV-SVO:01_001_625]
शापाद्ग्राहत्वमापन्ना ब्राह्मणस्य तपस्विनः । प्रभासतीर्थे पार्थेन कृष्णस्य च समागमः ॥KUMB: १-२-१२५; NILA: ०१.००२.१२४॥
who had been turned into crocodiles by the curse of an ascetic Brahmin; and Krishna’s meeting with Partha at the sacred ford of Prabhasa. (KUMB: 1-2-125; NILA: 01.002.124)
[PV-SVO:01_001_626]
द्रौपद्यास्तनयानां च संभवोऽनुप्रकीर्तितः । विहारार्थं च गतयोः कृष्णयोर्यमुनामनु ॥KUMB: १-२-१२८; NILA: ०१.००२.१२७॥
The birth of Draupadi’s sons was also recounted in due order; and when the two Krishnas went along the Yamuna for recreation… (KUMB: 1-2-128; NILA: 01.002.127)
[PV-SVO:01_001_627]
संप्राप्तिश्चक्रधनुषोः खाण्डवस्य च दाहनम् । मयस्य मोक्षो ज्वलनाद्भुजङ्गस्य च मोक्षणम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१२९; NILA: ०१.००२.१२८॥
the acquisition of the discus and the bow, the burning of Khandava, Maya’s rescue from the flames, and the serpent’s escape. (KUMB: 1-2-129; NILA: 01.002.128)
[PV-SVO:01_001_628]
गिरिव्रजे निरुद्धानां राज्ञां कृष्णेन मोक्षणम् । तथा दिग्विजयोऽत्रैव पाम्डवानां प्रकीर्तितः ॥KUMB: १-२-१३५; NILA: ०१.००२.१३४॥
The liberation by Krishna of the kings imprisoned at Girivraja, and likewise the Pandavas’ conquest of the quarters, are recounted here. (KUMB: 1-2-135; NILA: 01.002.134)
[PV-SVO:01_001_629]
राज्ञामागमनं चैव सार्हणानां महक्रतौ । राजसूयेऽर्घसंवादे शिशुपालवधस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-२-१३६; NILA: ०१.००२.१३५॥
The arrival of kings worthy of honor at the great sacrifice, and the slaying of Shishupala during the dispute over the offering of honor at the Rājasūya. (KUMB: 1-2-136; NILA: 01.002.135)
[PV-SVO:01_001_630]
यत्र द्यूतार्णवे मग्नां द्रौपदीं नौरिवार्णवात् । धृतराष्ट्रो महाप्राज्ञः स्नुषां परमदुःखिताम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१३९; NILA: ०१.००२.१३८॥
where the supremely wise Dhritarashtra, like a boat rescuing someone from the sea, his deeply distressed daughter-in-law Draupadi submerged in the ocean of dice… (KUMB: 1-2-139; NILA: 01.002.138)
[PV-SVO:01_001_631]
जित्वा स वनवासाय प्रेषयामास तांस्ततः । एतत्सर्वं सभापर्व समाख्यातं महात्मना ॥KUMB: १-२-१४१; NILA: ०१.००२.१४०॥
After defeating them, he then sent them into exile in the forest. All this is recounted in the Sabhāparvan by the great sage. (KUMB: 1-2-141; NILA: 01.002.140)
[PV-SVO:01_001_632]
वनवासं प्रयातेषु पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु । पौरानुगमनं चैव धर्मपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥KUMB: १-२-१४४; NILA: ०१.००२.१४३॥
When the great-souled Pāṇḍavas departed for exile in the forest, and the citizens’ following of the wise son of Dharma… (KUMB: 1-2-144; NILA: 01.002.143)
[PV-SVO:01_001_633]
अन्नौषधीनां च कृते पाण्डवेन महात्मना । द्विजानां भरणार्थं च कृतमाराधनं रवेः ॥KUMB: १-२-१४५; NILA: ०१.००२.१४४॥
and the worship of the Sun performed by the great-souled Pandava for the sake of food and medicinal herbs and for the support of the Brahmins; (KUMB: 1-2-145; NILA: 01.002.144)
[PV-SVO:01_001_634]
धौम्योपदेशात्तिग्मांशुप्रसादादन्नसंभः । हितं च ब्रुवतः क्षत्तुः परित्यागोऽम्बिकासुतात् ॥KUMB: १-२-१४६; NILA: ०१.००२.१४५॥
The obtaining of food, on Dhaumya’s advice, through the favor of the blazing-rayed Sun; and Ambika’s son’s rejection of Vidura when he offered salutary counsel… (KUMB: 1-2-146; NILA: 01.002.145)
[PV-SVO:01_001_635]
त्यक्तस्य पाण्डुपुत्राणां समीपगमनं तथा । पुनरागमनं चैव धृतराष्ट्रस्य शासनात् ॥KUMB: १-२-१४७; NILA: ०१.००२.१४६॥
and likewise, after being dismissed, his going to the sons of Pandu and his return at Dhritarashtra’s command; (KUMB: 1-2-147; NILA: 01.002.146)
[PV-SVO:01_001_636]
कर्णप्रोत्साहनाच्चैव धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्मतेः । वनस्थान्पाण्डवान्हन्तुं मन्त्रो दुर्योधनस्यच ॥KUMB: १-२-१४८; NILA: ०१.००२.१४७॥
and, at Karna’s urging, the plan of the evil-minded Duryodhana, son of Dhritarashtra, to kill the Pandavas while they were dwelling in the forest; (KUMB: 1-2-148; NILA: 01.002.147)
[PV-SVO:01_001_637]
तं दुष्टभावं विज्ञाय व्यासस्यागमनं द्रुतम् । निर्याणप्रतिषेधश्च सुरभ्याख्यानमेव च ॥KUMB: १-२-१४९; NILA: ०१.००२.१४८॥
Vyasa’s swift arrival after learning of that evil intention; the prohibition against setting out; and the tale of Surabhi. (KUMB: 1-2-149; NILA: 01.002.148)
[PV-SVO:01_001_638]
मैत्रेयागमनं चात्र राज्ञश्चैवानुशासनम् । शापोत्सर्गश्च तेनैव राज्ञो दुर्योधनस्य च ॥KUMB: १-२-१५०; NILA: ०१.००२.१४९॥
Maitreya’s arrival here, his admonition to the king, and his pronouncement of a curse upon King Duryodhana; (KUMB: 1-2-150; NILA: 01.002.149)
[PV-SVO:01_001_639]
किर्मीरस्य वधश्चात्र भीमसेनेन संयुगे । वृष्णीनामागमश्चात्र पाञ्चालानां च सर्वशः ॥KUMB: १-२-१५१; NILA: ०१.००२.१५०॥
Here too are the slaying of Kirmīra by Bhīmasena in battle, and the arrival of the Vṛṣṇis and all the Pāñcālas. (KUMB: 1-2-151; NILA: 01.002.150)
[PV-SVO:01_001_640]
श्रुत्वा शकुनिना द्यूते निकृत्या निर्जितांश्च तान् । क्रुद्धस्यानुप्रशमनं हरेश्चैव किरीटिना ॥KUMB: १-२-१५२; NILA: ०१.००२.१५१॥
and Kiritin’s pacification of Hari, who became enraged upon hearing that Shakuni had defeated them at dice through deceit; (KUMB: 1-2-152; NILA: 01.002.151)
[PV-SVO:01_001_641]
परिदेवनं च पाञ्चाल्या वासुदेवस्य सन्निधौ । आश्वासनं च कृष्णेन दुःखार्तायाः प्रकीर्तितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१५३; NILA: ०१.००२.१५२॥
Draupadi’s lament in Vasudeva’s presence and the consolation Krishna offered her in her grief are also recounted. (KUMB: 1-2-153; NILA: 01.002.152)
[PV-SVO:01_001_642]
तथा सौभवधाख्यानमत्रैवोक्तं महर्षिणा । सुभद्रायाः सपुत्रायाः कृष्णेन द्वारकां पुरीम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१५४; NILA: ०१.००२.१५३॥
The great seer also related here the account of the destruction of Saubha; and, by Krishna, Subhadra and her son to the city of Dvaraka… (KUMB: 1-2-154; NILA: 01.002.153)
[PV-SVO:01_001_643]
नयनं द्रौपदेयानां धृष्टद्युम्नेन चैव ह । प्रवेशः पाण्डवेयानां रम्ये द्वैतवने ततः ॥KUMB: १-२-१५५; NILA: ०१.००२.१५४॥
the taking of Draupadi’s sons by Dhrishtadyumna, and then the sons of Pandu’s entry into the lovely Dvaita Forest (KUMB: 1-2-155; NILA: 01.002.154)
[PV-SVO:01_001_644]
धर्मराजस्य चात्रैव संवादः कृष्णया सह । संवादश्च तथा राज्ञा भीमस्यापि प्रकीर्तितः ॥KUMB: १-२-१५६; NILA: ०१.००२.१५५॥
Here too is recounted Dharmaraja’s conversation with Krishnaa, as well as Bhima’s conversation with the king. (KUMB: 1-2-156; NILA: 01.002.155)
[PV-SVO:01_001_645]
समीपं पाण्डुपुत्राणां व्यासस्यागमनं तथा । प्रतिश्रुत्याथ विद्याया दानं राज्ञो महर्षिणा ॥KUMB: १-२-१५७; NILA: ०१.००२.१५६॥
Vyasa’s arrival in the presence of the sons of Pandu, and the great sage’s promise and subsequent imparting of knowledge to the king; (KUMB: 1-2-157; NILA: 01.002.156)
[PV-SVO:01_001_646]
गमनं काम्यके चापि व्यासे प्रतिगते ततः । अस्त्रहेतोर्विवासश्च पार्थस्यामिततेजसः ॥KUMB: १-२-१५८; NILA: ०१.००२.१५७॥
the journey to Kamyaka after Vyasa had departed, and the immeasurably radiant Partha’s sojourn abroad to obtain weapons (KUMB: 1-2-158; NILA: 01.002.157)
[PV-SVO:01_001_647]
महेन्द्रलोकगमनमस्त्रार्थे च किरीटिनः । यत्र चिन्ता समुत्पन्ना धृतराष्ट्रस्य भूयसी ॥KUMB: १-२-१६०; NILA: ०१.००२.१५९॥
and the diademed Arjuna’s journey to Mahendra’s realm to obtain weapons, which caused Dhritarashtra great anxiety; (KUMB: 1-2-160; NILA: 01.002.159)
[PV-SVO:01_001_648]
तथाक्षहृदयप्राप्तिस्तस्मादेव महर्षितः । लोमशस्यागमस्तत्र स्वर्गात्पाण्डुसुतान्प्रति ॥KUMB: १-२-१६३; NILA: ०१.००२.१६२॥
Likewise, the acquisition of the secret knowledge of dice from that very great seer, and Lomasha’s arrival there from heaven to the sons of Pandu. (KUMB: 1-2-163; NILA: 01.002.162)
[PV-SVO:01_001_649]
संदेशादर्जुनस्यात्र तीर्थाभिगमनक्रिया । तीर्थानां च फलप्राप्तिः पुण्यत्वं चापि कीर्तितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१६५; NILA: ०१.००२.१६४॥
Here, at Arjuna’s behest, the undertaking of a pilgrimage to the sacred fords is recounted, along with the rewards obtained from them and their sanctity. (KUMB: 1-2-165; NILA: 01.002.164)
[PV-SVO:01_001_650]
पुलस्त्यतीर्थयात्रा च नारदेन महर्षिणा । तीर्थयात्रा च तत्रैव पाण्डवानां महात्मनां ॥KUMB: १-२-१६६; NILA: ०१.००२.१६५॥
Pulastya’s pilgrimage to the sacred fords, as related by the great seer Narada, and there too the pilgrimage of the great-souled Pandavas… (KUMB: 1-2-166; NILA: 01.002.165)
[PV-SVO:01_001_651]
तथा यज्ञविभूतिश्च गयस्यात्र प्रकीर्तिता ॥KUMB: १-२-१६७; NILA: ०१.००२.१६६॥
as well as the magnificence of Gaya’s sacrifice, which is celebrated here. (KUMB: 1-2-167; NILA: 01.002.166)
[PV-SVO:01_001_652]
कार्तवीर्यवधो यत्र हैहयानां च वर्ण्यते । प्रभासतीर्थे पाण्डूनां वृष्णिभिश्च समागमः ॥KUMB: १-२-१७०; NILA: ०१.००२.१६९॥
where the slaying of Kārtavīrya and the Haihayas is recounted, and the Pāṇḍavas’ meeting with the Vṛṣṇis at Prabhāsa (KUMB: 1-2-170; NILA: 01.002.169)
[PV-SVO:01_001_653]
ताभ्यां च यत्र स मुनिर्यौवनं प्रतिपादितः । मान्धातुश्चाप्युपाख्यानं राज्ञोऽत्रैवप्रकीर्तितं ॥KUMB: १-२-१७२; NILA: ०१.००२.१७१॥
and where that sage was restored to youth by the two of them. Here too is recounted the tale of King Māndhātṛ. (KUMB: 1-2-172; NILA: 01.002.171)
[PV-SVO:01_001_654]
ततः श्येनकपोतीयमुपाख्यानमनुत्तमम् । इन्द्राग्नी यत्र धर्मश्चाप्यजिज्ञासञ्शिबिं नृपम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१७४; NILA: ०१.००२.१७३॥
Then comes the peerless tale of the hawk and the dove, in which Indra, Agni, and Dharma tested King Shibi. (KUMB: 1-2-174; NILA: 01.002.173)
[PV-SVO:01_001_655]
अष्टावक्रीयमत्रैव विवादो यत्र बन्दिना । अष्टावक्रस्य विप्रर्षेर्जनकस्याध्वरेऽभवत् ॥KUMB: १-२-१७५; NILA: ०१.००२.१७४॥
Here too is the tale of Ashtavakra, in which the Brahmarshi Ashtavakra debated with Bandin at Janaka’s sacrifice. (KUMB: 1-2-175; NILA: 01.002.174)
[PV-SVO:01_001_656]
नैयायिकानां मुख्येन वरुणस्यात्मजेन च । पराजितो यत्र बन्दी विवादेन महात्मना ॥KUMB: १-२-१७६; NILA: ०१.००२.१७५॥
who was foremost among logicians and a son of Varuna. There Bandi was defeated in debate by the great-souled one. (KUMB: 1-2-176; NILA: 01.002.175)
[PV-SVO:01_001_657]
विजित्य सागरं प्राप्तं पितरं लब्धवानृषिः । यवक्रीतस्य चाख्यानं रैभ्यस्य च महात्मनः । गन्धमादनयात्रा च वासो नारायणाश्रमे ॥KUMB: १-२-१७७; NILA: ०१.००२.१७६॥
After defeating him, the sage recovered his father, who had reached the ocean; also the tale of Yavakrita and the great Raibhya, the journey to Gandhamadana, and the stay at Narayana’s hermitage. (KUMB: 1-2-177; NILA: 01.002.176)
[PV-SVO:01_001_658]
नियुक्तो भीमसेनश्च द्रौपद्या गन्धमादने । व्रजन्पथि महाबाहुर्दृष्टवान्पवनात्मजम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१७८; NILA: ०१.००२.१७७॥
And on Gandhamadana, mighty-armed Bhimasena, sent by Draupadi, saw the son of the Wind as he traveled along the path. (KUMB: 1-2-178; NILA: 01.002.177)
[PV-SVO:01_001_659]
कदलीषण्डमध्यस्थं हनूमन्तं महाबलम् । यत्र मन्दारपुष्पार्थे नलिनीं तामधर्षयत् ॥KUMB: १-२-१७९; NILA: ०१.००२.१७८॥
the immensely powerful Hanuman in the midst of a plantain grove, where Bhima, seeking mandāra flowers, forced his way into that lotus pond (KUMB: 1-2-179; NILA: 01.002.178)
[PV-SVO:01_001_660]
यत्रास्य युद्धमभवत्सुमहद्राक्षसैः सह । यक्षैश्चैव महावीर्यैर्मणिमत्प्रमुखैस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-२-१८०; NILA: ०१.००२.१७९॥
where he fought a tremendous battle with the Rakshasas and with the mighty Yakshas, headed by Manimat. (KUMB: 1-2-180; NILA: 01.002.179)
[PV-SVO:01_001_661]
जटासुरस्य च वधो राक्षसस्य वृकोदरात् । वृषपर्वणो राजर्षेस्ततोऽभिगमनं स्मृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१८१; NILA: ०१.००२.१८०॥
The slaying of the Rakshasa Jatasura by Vrikodara, and their subsequent visit to the royal sage Vrishaparvan, are recounted. (KUMB: 1-2-181; NILA: 01.002.180)
[PV-SVO:01_001_662]
आर्ष्टिषेणाश्रमे चैषां गमनं वास एव च । प्रोत्साहनं च पाञ्चाल्या भीमस्यात्र महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-२-१८२; NILA: ०१.००२.१८१॥
Their journey to Arshtishena’s hermitage and their stay there, and Panchali’s urging of the great-souled Bhima there. (KUMB: 1-2-182; NILA: 01.002.181)
[PV-SVO:01_001_663]
कैलासारोहणं प्रोक्तं यत्र यक्षैर्बलोत्कटैः । युद्धमासीन्महाघोरं मणिमत्प्रमुखैः सह ॥KUMB: १-२-१८३; NILA: ०१.००२.१८२॥
The ascent of Kailāsa is recounted, where a most terrible battle took place against the mighty Yakṣas led by Maṇimat. (KUMB: 1-2-183; NILA: 01.002.182)
[PV-SVO:01_001_664]
समागमश्च पाण्डूनां यत्र वैश्रवणेन च । समागमश्चार्जुनस्य तत्रैव भ्रातृभिः सह ॥KUMB: १-२-१८४; NILA: ०१.००२.१८३॥
There the sons of Pandu met Vaishravana, and there Arjuna was reunited with his brothers. (KUMB: 1-2-184; NILA: 01.002.183)
[PV-SVO:01_001_665]
निवातकवचैर्घोरैर्दानवैः सुरशत्रुभिः । पौलोमैः कालकेयैश्च यत्र युद्धं किरीटिनः ॥KUMB: १-२-१८६; NILA: ०१.००२.१८५॥
where Kiritin fought the terrible Nivātakavaca Dānavas, enemies of the gods, as well as the Paulomas and Kālakeyas… (KUMB: 1-2-186; NILA: 01.002.185)
[PV-SVO:01_001_666]
वधश्चैषां समाख्यातो राज्ञस्तेनैव धीमता । अस्त्रसंदर्शनारम्भो धर्मराजस्य सन्निधौ ॥KUMB: १-२-१८७; NILA: ०१.००२.१८६॥
Their slaying was related to the king by that same wise man; and the beginning of the display of weapons in Dharmaraja’s presence… (KUMB: 1-2-187; NILA: 01.002.186)
[PV-SVO:01_001_667]
पार्थस्य प्रतिषेधश्छ नारदेन सुरर्षिणा । अवरोहणं पुनश्चैव पाण्डूनां गन्धमादनात् ॥KUMB: १-२-१८८; NILA: ०१.००२.१८७॥
Pārtha’s being restrained by the divine seer Nārada, and the Pāṇḍavas’ subsequent descent from Gandhamādana; (KUMB: 1-2-188; NILA: 01.002.187)
[PV-SVO:01_001_668]
भीमस्य ग्रहणं चात्र पर्वताभोगवर्ष्मणा । भुजगेन्द्रेण बलिना तस्मिन्सुगहने वने ॥KUMB: १-२-१८९; NILA: ०१.००२.१८८॥
and Bhima’s capture in that dense forest by the powerful lord of serpents, whose immense body resembled a mountain; (KUMB: 1-2-189; NILA: 01.002.188)
[PV-SVO:01_001_669]
अमोक्षयद्यत्र चैनं प्रश्नानुक्त्वा युधिष्ठिरः । काम्यकागमनं चैव पुनस्तेषां महात्मनाम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९०; NILA: ०१.००२.१८९॥
where Yudhishthira secured his release after answering the questions, and the return of those great-souled men to Kamyaka; (KUMB: 1-2-190; NILA: 01.002.189)
[PV-SVO:01_001_670]
तत्रस्थांश्च पुनर्द्रष्टुं पाण्डवान्परुषर्षभान् । वासुदेवस्यागमनमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९१; NILA: ०१.००२.१९०॥
Also recounted here is Vasudeva’s arrival to see again the Pandavas, those bulls among men, while they were staying there. (KUMB: 1-2-191; NILA: 01.002.190)
[PV-SVO:01_001_671]
मार्कण्डेयसमास्यायामुपाख्यानानि सर्वशः । पृथोर्वैन्यस्य यत्रोक्तमाख्यानं परमर्षिणा ॥KUMB: १-२-१९२; NILA: ०१.००२.१९१॥
In the colloquy with Markandeya are many tales, including the account of Prithu, son of Vena, related by the great seer. (KUMB: 1-2-192; NILA: 01.002.191)
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संवादश्च सरस्वत्यास्तार्क्ष्यर्षेः सुमहात्मनः । मत्स्योपाख्यानमत्रैव प्रोच्यते तदनन्तरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९३; NILA: ०१.००२.१९२॥
Then follows the dialogue between Sarasvati and the great sage Tarkshya, and immediately afterward the tale of the Fish is related. (KUMB: 1-2-193; NILA: 01.002.192)
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मार्कण्डेयसमास्या च पुराणं परिकीर्त्यते । ऐन्द्रद्युम्नामुपाख्यानं तथैवाङ्गिरसं स्मृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९४; NILA: ०१.००२.१९३॥
The questions addressed to Markandeya and the Purana are recounted; likewise, the tale of Aindradyumna and the tale of Angiras are recorded. (KUMB: 1-2-194; NILA: 01.002.193)
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पतिव्रतायाश्चाख्यानं तथैवाङ्गिरसं स्मृतम् । द्रौपद्याः कीर्तितश्चात्र संवादः सत्यभामया ॥KUMB: १-२-१९५; NILA: ०१.००२.१९४॥
The tale of the devoted wife and likewise the tale of Aṅgiras are recounted, as is Draupadī’s conversation with Satyabhāmā. (KUMB: 1-2-195; NILA: 01.002.194)
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पुनर्द्वैतवनं चैव पाण्डवाः समुपागताः । घोषयात्रा च गन्धर्वैर्यत्र बद्धः सुयोधनः ॥KUMB: १-२-१९६; NILA: ०१.००२.१९५॥
The Pandavas returned once more to Dvaita Forest, and there was the cattle-station expedition, during which Suyodhana was captured by the Gandharvas. (KUMB: 1-2-196; NILA: 01.002.195)
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ह्रियमाणस्तु मन्दात्मा मोक्षितोऽसौ किरीटिना । धर्मराजस्य चात्रैव मृगस्वप्ननिदर्शनात् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९७; NILA: ०१.००२.१९६॥
Yet as that foolish man was being carried away, he was rescued by Kirīṭin; and here, because of Dharmaraja’s dream-vision of the deer… (KUMB: 1-2-197; NILA: 01.002.196)
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काम्यके काननश्रेष्ठे पुनर्गमनमुच्यते । व्रीहिद्रौणिकमाख्यानमत्रैव बहुविस्तरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९८; NILA: ०१.००२.१९७॥
The return to Kāmyaka, the finest of forests, is then related, as is the extensive account of the measure of rice. (KUMB: 1-2-198; NILA: 01.002.197)
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दुर्वाससोऽप्युपाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् । जयद्रथेनापहारो द्रौपद्याश्चाश्रमान्तरात् ॥KUMB: १-२-१९९; NILA: ०१.००२.१९८॥
Here too is recounted the episode of Durvasas, as well as Jayadratha’s abduction of Draupadi from the hermitage. (KUMB: 1-2-199; NILA: 01.002.198)
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यत्रैनमन्वयाद्भीमो वायुवेगसमो जवे । चक्रे चैनं पञ्चशिखं यत्र भीमो महाबलः ॥KUMB: १-२-२००; NILA: ०१.००२.१९९॥
where Bhima, as swift as the wind, pursued him, and where the mighty Bhima shaved his head, leaving five tufts. (KUMB: 1-2-200; NILA: 01.002.199)
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रामायणमुपाख्यानमत्रैव बहुविस्तरम् । यत्र रामेण विक्रम्य निहतो रावणो युधि ॥KUMB: १-२-२०१; NILA: ०१.००२.२००॥
Here too is the extensive tale of the Ramayana, in which Rama, displaying his valor, slew Ravana in battle. (KUMB: 1-2-201; NILA: 01.002.200)
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सावित्र्याश्चाप्युपाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् । कर्णस्य परिमोक्षोऽत्र कुण्डलाभ्यां पुरंदरात् ॥KUMB: १-२-२०२; NILA: ०१.००२.२०१॥
Here too is recounted the tale of Savitri, and here is Karna’s release from his earrings by Purandara. (KUMB: 1-2-202; NILA: 01.002.201)
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यत्रास्य शक्तिं तुष्टोऽसावदादेकवधाय च । आरणेयमुपाख्यानं यत्र धर्मोऽन्वशात्सुतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२०३; NILA: ०१.००२.२०२॥
where, pleased, he gave him the spear for slaying a single foe; and the Āraṇeya episode, in which Dharma instructed his son. (KUMB: 1-2-203; NILA: 01.002.202)
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पाञ्चालीं प्रार्थयानस्य कामोपहतचेतसः । दुष्टात्मनो वधो यत्र कीचकस्य वृकोदरात् ॥KUMB: १-२-२०९; NILA: ०१.००२.२०८॥
where the wicked Kīcaka, his mind overcome by desire as he pursued Pāñcālī, was slain by Vṛkodara; (KUMB: 1-2-209; NILA: 01.002.208)
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पाण्डवान्वेषणार्थं च राज्ञो दुर्योधनस्य च । चाराः प्रस्थापिताश्चात्र निपुणाः सर्वतोदिशं ॥KUMB: १-२-२१०; NILA: ०१.००२.२०९॥
And King Duryodhana sent skilled spies in every direction to search for the Pandavas. (KUMB: 1-2-210; NILA: 01.002.209)
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न च प्रवृत्तिस्तैर्लब्धा पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् । गोग्रहश्च विराटस्य त्रिगर्तैः प्रथमं कृतः ॥KUMB: १-२-२११; NILA: ०१.००२.२१०॥
But they obtained no information about the great-souled Pandavas. Then the Trigartas made the first raid on Virata’s cattle. (KUMB: 1-2-211; NILA: 01.002.210)
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यत्रास्य युद्धं सुमहत्तैरासील्लोमहर्षणम् । ह्रियमाणश्च यत्रासौ भीमसेनेन मोक्षितः ॥KUMB: १-२-२१२; NILA: ०१.००२.२११॥
where he fought a tremendous, hair-raising battle with them, and where, as he was being carried off, he was rescued by Bhimasena; (KUMB: 1-2-212; NILA: 01.002.211)
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गोधनं च विराटस्य मोक्षितं यत्र पाण्डवैः । अनन्तरं च कुरुभिस्तस्य गोग्रहणं कृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२१३; NILA: ०१.००२.२१२॥
where Virata’s cattle were rescued by the Pandavas, and afterward the Kurus carried off his cattle. (KUMB: 1-2-213; NILA: 01.002.212)
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समस्ता यत्र पार्थेन निर्जिताः कुरवो युधि । प्रत्याहृतं गोधनं च विक्रमेण किरीटिना ॥KUMB: १-२-२१४; NILA: ०१.००२.२१३॥
where all the Kurus were defeated in battle by Partha, and the diademed hero recovered the cattle through his valor. (KUMB: 1-2-214; NILA: 01.002.213)
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उक्तानि वेदविदुषा पर्वण्यस्मिन्महर्षिणा । उद्योगपर्व विज्ञेयं पञ्चमं शृण्वतः परम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२१८; NILA: ०१.००२.२१७॥
These have been recounted in this Parvan by the great sage learned in the Vedas. The Udyoga Parvan should be known as the fifth and as excellent for the listener. (KUMB: 1-2-218; NILA: 01.002.217)
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मद्रराजं व राजानमायान्तं पाण्डवान्प्रति । उपहारैर्वञ्चायत्वा वर्त्मन्येव सुयोधनः ॥KUMB: १-२-२२३; NILA: ०१.००२.२२२॥
And as the king of Madra was coming toward the Pandavas, Suyodhana deceived him with gifts along the way… (KUMB: 1-2-223; NILA: 01.002.222)
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वरदं तं वरं वव्रे साहाय्यं क्रियतां मम । शल्यस्तस्मै प्रतिश्रुत्य जगामोद्दिश्य पाण्डवान् ॥KUMB: १-२-२२४; NILA: ०१.००२.२२३॥
When he offered him a boon, Suyodhana chose this boon: “Give me your aid.” Shalya promised him this and then continued on his way to the Pandavas. (KUMB: 1-2-224; NILA: 01.002.223)
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शान्तिपूर्वं चाकथयद्यत्रेन्द्रविजयं नृपः । पुरोहितप्रेषणं च पाण्डवैः कौरवान्प्रति ॥KUMB: १-२-२२५; NILA: ०१.००२.२२४॥
There the king consoled him and recounted Indra’s victory; and the Pandavas’ dispatch of their priest to the Kauravas… (KUMB: 1-2-225; NILA: 01.002.224)
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वैचित्रवीर्यस्य वचः समादाय पुरोधसः । तथेन्द्रविजयं चापि यानं चैव पुरोधसः ॥KUMB: १-२-२२६; NILA: ०१.००२.२२५॥
the priest’s receiving the words of the son of Vicitravīrya, as well as Indra’s victory and the priest’s journey… (KUMB: 1-2-226; NILA: 01.002.225)
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दम्भोद्भवस्य चाख्यानमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् । वरान्वेषणमत्रैव मातलेश्च महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-२-२३४; NILA: ०१.००२.२३३॥
The tale of Dambhodbhava is recounted here, as is the great-souled Matali’s search for a bridegroom. (KUMB: 1-2-234; NILA: 01.002.233)
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महर्षेश्चापि चरितं कथितं गालवस्य वै । विदुलायाश्च पुत्रस्य प्रोक्तं चाप्यनुशासनम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२३५; NILA: ०१.००२.२३४॥
Here too are recounted the deeds of the great seer Gālava and the admonition given to Vidulā’s son. (KUMB: 1-2-235; NILA: 01.002.234)
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आगम्य हास्तिनपुरादुपप्लाव्यमरिंदमः । पाण्डवानां यथावृत्तं सर्वमाख्यातवान्हरिः ॥KUMB: १-२-२३८; NILA: ०१.००२.२३७॥
Returning from Hastinapura to Upaplavya, the subduer of foes, Hari, recounted to the Pandavas everything that had happened. (KUMB: 1-2-238; NILA: 01.002.237)
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ते तस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा मन्त्रयित्वा च यद्धितम् । साङ्ग्रामिकं ततः सर्वं सञ्जं चक्रुः परंतपाः ॥KUMB: १-२-२३९; NILA: ०१.००२.२३८॥
After hearing his words and deliberating on the best course, those scorches of foes made all their preparations for war. (KUMB: 1-2-239; NILA: 01.002.238)
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उद्योगपर्व निर्दिष्टं सन्धिविग्रहमिश्रितम् । अध्यायानां शतं प्रोक्तं षडशीतिर्महर्षिणा ॥KUMB: १-२-२४३; NILA: ०१.००२.२४२॥
The Udyoga Parva, dealing with both peace and war, has thus been described. The great sage stated that it contains one hundred and eighty-six chapters. (KUMB: 1-2-243; NILA: 01.002.242)
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यत्र युद्धमभूद्धोरं दसाहानि सुदारुणम् । कश्मलं यत्र पार्थस्य वासुदेवो महामतिः ॥KUMB: १-२-२४७; NILA: ०१.००२.२४६॥
where a terrible, exceedingly fierce battle raged for ten days; and where, as for Pārtha’s confusion, the greatly wise Vāsudeva... (KUMB: 1-2-247; NILA: 01.002.246)
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मोहजं नाशयामास हेतुभिर्मोक्षदर्शिभिः । समीक्ष्यादोक्षजः क्षिप्रं युधिष्ठिरहिते रतः ॥KUMB: १-२-२४८; NILA: ०१.००२.२४७॥
He destroyed what had arisen from delusion with arguments that revealed liberation. Then Adhokshaja, intent on Yudhishthira’s welfare, quickly surveyed the situation… (KUMB: 1-2-248; NILA: 01.002.247)
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रथादाप्लुत्य वेगेन स्वयं कृष्ण उदारधीः । प्रतोदपाणिराधावद्भीष्मं हन्तुं व्यपेतभीः ॥KUMB: १-२-२४९; NILA: ०१.००२.२४८॥
Leaping swiftly from the chariot, the noble-minded Krishna himself, whip in hand and utterly fearless, rushed to kill Bhishma. (KUMB: 1-2-249; NILA: 01.002.248)
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वाक्यप्रतोदाभिहतो यत्र कृष्णेन पाण्डवः । गाण्डीवधन्वा समरे सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ॥KUMB: १-२-२५०; NILA: ०१.००२.२४९॥
where, in battle, the Pandava—wielder of the Gandiva and foremost of all warriors—was struck by Krishna’s verbal goad; (KUMB: 1-2-250; NILA: 01.002.249)
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शरतल्पगतश्चैव भीष्मो यत्र बभूव ह । षष्ठमेतत्समाख्यातं भारते पर्व विस्तृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२५२; NILA: ०१.००२.२५१॥
There Bhishma lay upon a bed of arrows. This is described at length as the sixth book of the Bharata. (KUMB: 1-2-252; NILA: 01.002.251)
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द्रोणपर्व ततश्चित्रं बहुवृत्तान्तमुच्यते । सैनापत्येऽभिषिक्तोऽथ यत्राचार्यः प्रतापवान् ॥KUMB: १-२-२५५; NILA: ०१.००२.२५४॥
Then the vivid Drona Parvan, containing many events, is related, in which the valiant preceptor was appointed commander of the army and then... (KUMB: 1-2-255; NILA: 01.002.254)
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दुर्योधनस्य प्रीत्यर्थं प्रतिजज्ञे महास्त्रवित् । ग्रहणं धर्मराजस्य पाण्डुपुत्रस्य धीमतः ॥KUMB: १-२-२५६; NILA: ०१.००२.२५५॥
To please Duryodhana, the great master of weapons vowed to capture the wise son of Pandu, King Dharma. (KUMB: 1-2-256; NILA: 01.002.255)
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अक्षौहिणीः सप्त हत्वा हतो राजा जयद्रथः । यत्र भीमो महाबाहुः सात्यकिश्च महारथः ॥KUMB: १-२-२६०; NILA: ०१.००२.२५९॥
After seven akshauhinis had been slain, King Jayadratha was killed; where the mighty-armed Bhima and Satyaki, the great chariot-warrior… (KUMB: 1-2-260; NILA: 01.002.259)
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अन्वेषणार्थं पार्थस्य युधिष्ठिरनृपाज्ञया । प्रविष्टौ भारतीं सेनामप्रधृष्यां सुरैरपि ॥KUMB: १-२-२६१; NILA: ०१.००२.२६०॥
At King Yudhishthira’s command, they entered the Bharata army—unassailable even by the gods—in search of Partha. (KUMB: 1-2-261; NILA: 01.002.260)
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संशप्तकावशेषं च कृतं निःशेषमाहवे । संशप्तकानां वीराणां कोट्यो नव महात्मनाम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२६२; NILA: ०१.००२.२६१॥
The remaining Samsaptakas too were utterly annihilated in battle; nine crores of heroic, high-souled Samsaptakas… (KUMB: 1-2-262; NILA: 01.002.261)
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किरीटिनाभिनिष्क्रम्य प्रापिता यमसादनम् । धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राश्च तथा पाषाणयोधिनः ॥KUMB: १-२-२६३; NILA: ०१.००२.२६२॥
were sent to Yama’s abode by Kirīṭin when he sallied forth; and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons, as well as the warriors who fought with stones… (KUMB: 1-2-263; NILA: 01.002.262)
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नारायणाश्च गोपालाः समरे चित्रयोधिनः । अलम्बुषः श्रुतायुश्च जलसन्धश्च वीर्यवान् ॥KUMB: १-२-२६४; NILA: ०१.००२.२६३॥
the Narayana cowherds, wondrous fighters in battle, and Alambusha, Shrutayus, and the valiant Jalasandha... (KUMB: 1-2-264; NILA: 01.002.263)
[PV-SVO:01_001_711]
आग्नेयं कीर्त्यते यत्र रुद्रमाहात्म्यमुत्तमम् । व्यासस्य चाप्यागमनं माहात्म्यं कृष्णपार्थयोः ॥KUMB: १-२-२६७; NILA: ०१.००२.२६६॥
There the Āgneya weapon is described, along with the supreme greatness of Rudra, the arrival of Vyasa, and the greatness of Krishna and Partha. (KUMB: 1-2-267; NILA: 01.002.266)
[PV-SVO:01_001_712]
वधः पाण्ड्यस्य च तथा अश्वत्थाम्ना महात्मना । दण्डसेनस्य च ततो दण्डस्य च वधस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-२-२७४; NILA: ०१.००२.२७३॥
The slaying of Pandya by the great Ashvatthaman, and then the slaying of Dandasena and Danda as well; (KUMB: 1-2-274; NILA: 01.002.273)
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द्वैरथे यत्र कर्णेन धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः । संशयं गमितो युद्धे मिषतां सर्वधन्विनाम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२७५; NILA: ०१.००२.२७४॥
where, in single combat, Dharma’s royal son Yudhishthira was put in peril by Karna as all the bowmen looked on (KUMB: 1-2-275; NILA: 01.002.274)
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अन्योन्यं प्रति च क्रोधो युधिष्ठिरकिरीटिनोः । यत्रैवानुनयः प्रोक्तो माधवेनार्जुनस्य हि ॥KUMB: १-२-२७६; NILA: ०१.००२.२७५॥
where Yudhishthira and Arjuna became angry with each other, and Madhava spoke words of conciliation to Arjuna. (KUMB: 1-2-276; NILA: 01.002.275)
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प्रतिज्ञापूर्वकं चापि वक्षो दुःशासनस्य च । भित्त्वा वृकोदरो रक्तं पीतवान्यत्र संयुगे ॥KUMB: १-२-२७७; NILA: ०१.००२.२७६॥
and where, in fulfillment of his vow, Vrikodara tore open Duhshasana’s chest in battle and drank his blood; (KUMB: 1-2-277; NILA: 01.002.276)
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चतुःषष्टिस्तथा श्लोकाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः । अतः परं विचित्रार्थं शल्यपर्व प्रकीर्तितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२८०; NILA: ०१.००२.२७९॥
And sixty-four verses are said to be contained in this book. Thereafter comes the Śalya Parvan, rich in varied themes. (KUMB: 1-2-280; NILA: 01.002.279)
[PV-SVO:01_001_717]
हतप्रवीरे सैन्ये तु नेता मद्रेश्वरोऽभवत् । यत्र कौमारमाख्यानमभिषेकस्य कर्म च ॥KUMB: १-२-२८१; NILA: ०१.००२.२८०॥
When the army’s foremost warriors had been slain, the lord of Madra became its commander. In this book are the account of Kumāra and the ceremony of his consecration. (KUMB: 1-2-281; NILA: 01.002.280)
[PV-SVO:01_001_718]
शल्यस्य निधनं चात्र धर्मराजान्महात्मनः । शकुनेश्च वधोऽत्रैव सहदेवेन संयुगे ॥KUMB: १-२-२८३; NILA: ०१.००२.२८२॥
Here too are recounted the death of Shalya at the hands of the noble Dharmaraja and the slaying of Shakuni by Sahadeva in battle. (KUMB: 1-2-283; NILA: 01.002.282)
[PV-SVO:01_001_719]
सैन्ये च हतभूयिष्ठे किंचिच्छिष्टे सुयोधनः । ह्रदं प्रविश्य यत्रासौ संस्तभ्यापोव्यवस्थितः ॥KUMB: १-२-२८४; NILA: ०१.००२.२८३॥
When most of the army had been slain and only a small remnant remained, Suyodhana entered the lake, where he stayed after stilling the waters. (KUMB: 1-2-284; NILA: 01.002.283)
[PV-SVO:01_001_720]
प्रवृत्तिस्तत्र चाख्याता यत्र भीमस्य लुब्धकैः । क्षेपयुक्तैर्वचोभिश्च धर्मराजस्य धीमतः ॥KUMB: १-२-२८५; NILA: ०१.००२.२८४॥
and how news of him there was brought to Bhima by hunters; and how, at the taunting words of the wise Dharmaraja… (KUMB: 1-2-285; NILA: 01.002.284)
[PV-SVO:01_001_721]
ह्रदात्समुत्थितो यत्र धार्तराष्ट्रोऽत्यमर्षणः । भीमेन गदया युद्धं यत्रासौ कृतवान्सह ॥KUMB: १-२-२८६; NILA: ०१.००२.२८५॥
where the fiercely wrathful son of Dhritarashtra rose from the lake and fought Bhima with a mace. (KUMB: 1-2-286; NILA: 01.002.285)
[PV-SVO:01_001_722]
समवाये च युद्धस्य रामस्यागमनं स्मृतम् । सरस्वत्याश्च तीर्थानां पुण्यता परिकीर्तिता ॥KUMB: १-२-२८७; NILA: ०१.००२.२८६॥
At the gathering for the battle, Balarama’s arrival is recounted, and the sanctity of the sacred fords of the Sarasvati is proclaimed. (KUMB: 1-2-287; NILA: 01.002.286)
[PV-SVO:01_001_723]
गदायुद्धं च तुमुलमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् । दुर्योधनस्य राज्ञोऽथ यत्र भीमेन संयुगे ॥KUMB: १-२-२८८; NILA: ०१.००२.२८७॥
Here too is recounted the tumultuous mace fight, in which, during the battle, King Duryodhana’s—by Bhima… (KUMB: 1-2-288; NILA: 01.002.287)
[PV-SVO:01_001_724]
ऊरू भग्नौ प्रसह्याजौ गदया भीमवेगया । नवमं पर्व निर्दिष्टमेतदद्भुतमर्थवत् ॥KUMB: १-२-२८९; NILA: ०१.००२.२८८॥
His thighs were forcibly shattered in battle by a mace of terrible force. This wondrous and substantial ninth book has thus been set forth. (KUMB: 1-2-289; NILA: 01.002.288)
[PV-SVO:01_001_725]
समेत्य ददृशुर्भूमौ पतितं रणमूर्धनि । प्रतिजज्ञे दृढक्रोधो द्रौणिर्यत्र महारथः ॥KUMB: १-२-२९४; NILA: ०१.००२.२९३॥
Coming together, they saw him lying fallen on the ground at the forefront of the battle. There the mighty chariot-warrior, Drona’s son, resolute in his wrath, made a vow: (KUMB: 1-2-294; NILA: 01.002.293)
[PV-SVO:01_001_726]
यत्रैवमुक्त्वा राजानमपक्रम्य त्रयो रथाः । सूर्यास्तमनवेलायामासेदुस्ते महद्वनम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२९६; NILA: ०१.००२.२९५॥
After speaking thus to the king, the three chariot-warriors withdrew and reached a great forest at sunset. (KUMB: 1-2-296; NILA: 01.002.295)
[PV-SVO:01_001_727]
न्यग्रोधस्याथ महतो यत्राधस्ताद्व्यवस्थिताः । ततः काकान्बहून्रात्रौ दृष्ट्वोलूकेन हिंसितान् ॥KUMB: १-२-२९७; NILA: ०१.००२.२९६॥
Then, as they remained beneath a great banyan tree, Drona’s son saw many crows being killed by an owl in the night… (KUMB: 1-2-297; NILA: 01.002.296)
[PV-SVO:01_001_728]
द्रौणिः क्रोधसमाविष्टः पितुर्वधमनुस्मरन् । पाञ्चालानां प्रसुप्तानां वधं प्रति मनो दधे ॥KUMB: १-२-२९८; NILA: ०१.००२.२९७॥
Filled with rage as he recalled his father’s death, Drona’s son resolved to kill the Panchalas while they slept. (KUMB: 1-2-298; NILA: 01.002.297)
[PV-SVO:01_001_729]
गत्वा च शिबिरद्वारि दुर्दर्शं तत्र राक्षसम् । घोररूपमपश्यत्स दिवामावृत्य धिष्ठिरम् ॥KUMB: १-२-२९९; NILA: ०१.००२.२९८॥
When he reached the entrance to the camp, he saw there a formidable Rakshasa of terrifying appearance, standing resolutely and filling the sky. (KUMB: 1-2-299; NILA: 01.002.298)
[PV-SVO:01_001_730]
तेन व्याघातमस्त्राणां क्रियमाणमवेक्ष्य च । द्रौणिर्यत्र विरूपाक्षं रुद्रमाराध्य सत्वरः ॥KUMB: १-२-३००; NILA: ०१.००२.२९९॥
and where Drona’s son, seeing that his weapons were being thwarted by him, hastily propitiated Rudra, the misshapen-eyed god… (KUMB: 1-2-300; NILA: 01.002.299)
[PV-SVO:01_001_731]
कृतवर्मणा च सहितः कृपेण च निजघ्निवान् । यत्रामुच्यन्त ते पार्थाः पञ्च कृष्णबलाश्रयात् ॥KUMB: १-२-३०२; NILA: ०१.००२.३०१॥
Accompanied by Kṛtavarman and Kṛpa, he slaughtered them; there the five Pārthas escaped by relying on Krishna’s power… (KUMB: 1-2-302; NILA: 01.002.301)
[PV-SVO:01_001_732]
सात्यकिश्च महेष्वासः शेषाश्च निधनं गताः । पाञ्चालानां प्रसुप्तानां यत्र द्रोणसुताद्वधः ॥KUMB: १-२-३०३; NILA: ०१.००२.३०२॥
and Satyaki, the great bowman, while the rest met their end; where the slaughter of the sleeping Panchalas by Drona’s son… (KUMB: 1-2-303; NILA: 01.002.302)
[PV-SVO:01_001_733]
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य सूतेन पाण्डवेषु निवेदितः । द्रौपदी पुत्रशोकार्ता पितृभ्रातृवधार्दिता ॥KUMB: १-२-३०४; NILA: ०१.००२.३०३॥
was reported to the Pandavas by Dhrishtadyumna’s charioteer; Draupadi, stricken with grief for her sons and tormented by the slaughter of her father and brother… (KUMB: 1-2-304; NILA: 01.002.303)
[PV-SVO:01_001_734]
प्रियं तस्याश्चिकीर्षन्वै गदामादाय वीर्यवान् । अन्वधावत्सुसंक्रुद्धो भारद्वाजं गुरोः सुतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३०६; NILA: ०१.००२.३०५॥
Wishing to please her, the mighty warrior took up his mace and, fiercely enraged, pursued Bharadvaja’s son, the son of his teacher. (KUMB: 1-2-306; NILA: 01.002.305)
[PV-SVO:01_001_735]
द्रौणेश्च द्रोहबुद्धित्वं वीक्ष्य पापात्मनस्तदा । द्रौणिद्वैपायनादीनां शापाश्चान्योन्यकारिताः ॥KUMB: १-२-३०९; NILA: ०१.००२.३०८॥
then, on seeing the treacherous intent of the wicked son of Drona, and the curses exchanged among Drona’s son, Dvaipayana, and the others… (KUMB: 1-2-309; NILA: 01.002.308)
[PV-SVO:01_001_736]
मणिं तथा समादाय द्रोणपुत्रान्महारथात् । पाण्डवाः प्रददुर्हृष्टा द्रौपद्यै जितकाशिनः ॥KUMB: १-२-३१०; NILA: ०१.००२.३०९॥
Having taken the jewel from Drona’s son, the mighty chariot-warrior, the triumphant Pandavas joyfully gave it to Draupadi. (KUMB: 1-2-310; NILA: 01.002.309)
[PV-SVO:01_001_737]
एतद्वै दशमं पर्व सौप्तिकं समुदाहृतम् । अष्टादशास्मिन्नद्यायाः पर्वम्युक्ता महात्मना ॥KUMB: १-२-३११; NILA: ०१.००२.३१०॥
This is declared to be the tenth book, the Sauptika. In this book, eighteen chapters were recounted by the great-souled one. (KUMB: 1-2-311; NILA: 01.002.310)
[PV-SVO:01_001_738]
श्लोकानां कथितान्यत्र शतान्यष्टौ प्रसंख्यया । श्लोकाश्च सप्ततिः प्रोक्ता मुनिना ब्रह्मवादिना ॥KUMB: १-२-३१२; NILA: ०१.००२.३११॥
Here, by count, eight hundred and seventy verses have been related by the sage who expounds Brahman. (KUMB: 1-2-312; NILA: 01.002.311)
[PV-SVO:01_001_739]
पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्तः प्रज्ञाचक्षुर्नराधिपः । कृष्णोपनीतां यत्रासावायसीं प्रतिमां दृढां ॥KUMB: १-२-३१४; NILA: ०१.००२.३१३॥
where that king, whose wisdom was his sight and who was tormented by grief for his sons, the solid iron statue brought by Krishna… (KUMB: 1-2-314; NILA: 01.002.313)
[PV-SVO:01_001_740]
भीमसेनद्रोहबुद्धिर्धृतराष्ट्रो बभञ्जह । तथा शोकाभितप्तस्य धृतराष्ट्रस्य धीमतः ॥KUMB: १-२-३१५; NILA: ०१.००२.३१४॥
Dhritarashtra, intent on harming Bhimasena, shattered it; and also, for the wise Dhritarashtra, tormented by grief… (KUMB: 1-2-315; NILA: 01.002.314)
[PV-SVO:01_001_741]
संसारदहनं बुद्ध्या हेतुभिर्मोक्षदर्शनैः । विदुरेण च यत्रास्य राज्ञ आश्वासनं कृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३१६; NILA: ०१.००२.३१५॥
and where Vidura consoled that king through wisdom and arguments that reveal liberation and burn away worldly existence. (KUMB: 1-2-316; NILA: 01.002.315)
[PV-SVO:01_001_742]
धृतराष्ट्रस्य चात्रैव कौरवायोधनं तथा । सान्तःपुरस्य गमनं शोकार्तस्य प्रकीर्तितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३१७; NILA: ०१.००२.३१६॥
Here too is recounted how the grief-stricken Dhritarashtra went with the women of his household to the Kaurava battlefield. (KUMB: 1-2-317; NILA: 01.002.316)
[PV-SVO:01_001_743]
पुत्रपौत्रवधार्तायास्तथात्रैव प्रकीर्तिता । गान्धार्याश्चापि कृष्णेन क्रोधोपशमनक्रिया ॥KUMB: १-२-३२०; NILA: ०१.००२.३१९॥
Here too is recounted how Krishna calmed the anger of Gandhari, who was anguished by the slaughter of her sons and grandsons. (KUMB: 1-2-320; NILA: 01.002.319)
[PV-SVO:01_001_744]
तोयकर्मणि चारब्धे राज्ञामुदकदानिके । गूढोत्पन्नस्य चाख्यानं कर्णस्य पृथयात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-२-३२२; NILA: ०१.००२.३२१॥
When the water rite—the offering of water for the kings—had begun, the account of Karna, secretly born to Pritha, her own… (KUMB: 1-2-322; NILA: 01.002.321)
[PV-SVO:01_001_745]
सुतस्यैतदिह प्रोक्तं व्यासेन परमर्षिणा । एतदेकादशं पर्व शोकवैक्लव्यकारणम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३२३; NILA: ०१.००२.३२२॥
This account of her son was related here by the great seer Vyasa. This is the eleventh book, a cause of grief and anguish… (KUMB: 1-2-323; NILA: 01.002.322)
[PV-SVO:01_001_746]
प्रणीतं सज्जनमनोवैक्लव्याश्रुप्रवर्तकम् । सप्तविंशतिरध्यायाः पर्वण्यस्मिन्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥KUMB: १-२-३२४; NILA: ०१.००२.३२३॥
It was composed to distress the minds of good people and make their tears flow. Twenty-seven chapters are enumerated in this book. (KUMB: 1-2-324; NILA: 01.002.323)
[PV-SVO:01_001_747]
विंशच्चैव तथाध्याया नव चैव तपोधाः । चतुर्दशसहस्राणि तथा सप्तशतानि च ॥KUMB: १-२-३३१; NILA: ०१.००२.३३०॥
Likewise, twenty-nine chapters, O ascetics, and fourteen thousand seven hundred… (KUMB: 1-2-331; NILA: 01.002.330)
[PV-SVO:01_001_748]
महाभाग्यं गवां चैव ब्राह्मणानां तथैव च । रहस्यं चैव धर्माणां देशकालोपसंहितम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३३६; NILA: ०१.००२.३३५॥
the great blessedness of cows and likewise of Brahmins, and the secret of the laws of righteousness as conditioned by place and time; (KUMB: 1-2-336; NILA: 01.002.335)
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सङ्ग्रामे बभ्रुवाहेन संशयं चात्र जग्मिवान् । सुदर्शनं तथाऽऽख्यानं वैष्णवं धर्ममेव च । अश्वमेधे महायज्ञे नकुलाख्यानमेव च ॥KUMB: १-२-३४३॥
Here, too, he came into danger in battle with Babhruvahana; also the account of Sudarshana, the Vaishnava Dharma, and the account of the mongoose at the great horse sacrifice… (KUMB: 1-2-343)
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श्लोकानां विंशतिश्चव संख्याता तत्त्वदर्शिना । महाप्रस्थानिकं तस्मादूर्ध्वं सप्तदशं स्मृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३६५; NILA: ०१.००२.३६४॥
And twenty verses were counted by the seer of truth. After that, the Mahaprasthanika is remembered as the seventeenth book. (KUMB: 1-2-365; NILA: 01.002.364)
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यत्र तेऽग्निं ददृशिरे लौहित्यं प्राप्य सागरम् । यत्राग्निना चोदितश्च पार्थस्तस्मै महात्मने ॥KUMB: १-२-३६७; NILA: ०१.००२.३६६॥
where, upon reaching the Lauhitya Sea, they beheld Agni; and where Pārtha, urged by Agni, to that great-souled one… (KUMB: 1-2-367; NILA: 01.002.366)
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ददौ संपूज्य तद्दिव्यं गाण्डीवं धनुरुत्तमम् । यत्र भ्रातृन्निपतितान्द्रौपदीं च युधिष्ठिरः ॥KUMB: १-२-३६८; NILA: ०१.००२.३६७॥
having honored him, gave him that divine Gāṇḍīva, the finest of bows; where Yudhiṣṭhira, seeing his fallen brothers and Draupadī... (KUMB: 1-2-368; NILA: 01.002.367)
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दृष्ट्वा हित्वा जगामैव सर्वाननवलोकयन् । एतत्सप्तदशं पर्व महाप्रस्थानिकं स्मृतम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३६९; NILA: ०१.००२.३६८॥
Having seen them, he left them all and went on without looking back. This is known as the seventeenth book, the Mahaprasthanika. (KUMB: 1-2-369; NILA: 01.002.368)
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स्वर्गपर्व ततो ज्ञेयं दिव्यं यत्तदमानुषम् । प्राप्तं दैवरथं स्वर्गान्नेष्टवान्यत्र धर्मराट् ॥KUMB: १-२-३७१; NILA: ०१.००२.३७०॥
Next should be known the Svarga Parvan, divine and superhuman, in which, when the celestial chariot had come from heaven, the righteous king did not wish… (KUMB: 1-2-371; NILA: 01.002.370)
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आरोदुं सुमहाप्राज्ञ आनृशंस्याच्छुना विना । तामस्याविचलां ज्ञात्वा स्थितिं धर्मे महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-२-३७२; NILA: ०१.००२.३७१॥
the exceedingly wise king to mount without the dog, out of compassion. Knowing that great soul’s unwavering steadfastness in dharma… (KUMB: 1-2-372; NILA: 01.002.371)
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श्वरूपं यत्र तत्त्यक्त्वा धर्मेणासौ समन्वितः । स्वर्गं प्राप्तःसच तथा यातनाविपुला भृशम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३७३; NILA: ०१.००२.३७२॥
There Dharma cast off that form of a dog and joined him. He reached heaven and also underwent exceedingly great torment. (KUMB: 1-2-373; NILA: 01.002.372)
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देवदूतेन नरकं यत्र व्याजेन दर्शितम् । शुश्राव यत्र धर्मात्मा भ्रातॄणां करुणागिरः ॥KUMB: १-२-३७४; NILA: ०१.००२.३७३॥
where a divine messenger deceptively showed him hell, and where the righteous man heard the plaintive voices of his brothers; (KUMB: 1-2-374; NILA: 01.002.373)
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निदेशे वर्तमानानां देशे तत्रैव वर्तताम् । अनुदर्शितश्च धर्मेण देवराज्ञा च पाण्डवः ॥KUMB: १-२-३७५; NILA: ०१.००२.३७४॥
who obeyed the command and remained in that very place; and the Pandava was instructed by Dharma and the king of the gods. (KUMB: 1-2-375; NILA: 01.002.374)
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आप्लुत्याकाशगङ्गायां देहं त्यक्त्वा स मानुषम् । स्वधर्मनिर्जितं स्थानं स्वर्गे प्राप्य स धर्मराट् ॥KUMB: १-२-३७६; NILA: ०१.००२.३७५॥
After bathing in the celestial Ganges and casting off his human body, the righteous king attained in heaven the place he had won by following his own dharma… (KUMB: 1-2-376; NILA: 01.002.375)
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मुमुदे पूजितः सर्वैः सेन्द्रैः सुरगणैः सह । एतदष्टादशं पर्व प्रोक्तं व्यासेन धीमता ॥KUMB: १-२-३७७; NILA: ०१.००२.३७६॥
Honored by all the hosts of gods, including Indra, he rejoiced. This eighteenth book was proclaimed by the wise Vyasa. (KUMB: 1-2-377; NILA: 01.002.376)
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नव श्लोकास्तथैवान्ये संख्याताः परमर्षिणा । अष्टादशैवमेतानि पर्वाण्येतान्यशेषतः ॥KUMB: १-२-३७९; NILA: ०१.००२.३७८॥
The great seer likewise counted another nine verses. Thus these are the eighteen books in their entirety. (KUMB: 1-2-379; NILA: 01.002.378)
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खिलेषु हरिवंशश्च भविष्यं च प्रकीर्तितम् । दश श्लोकसहस्राणि विंशच्छ्लोकशतानि च ॥KUMB: १-२-३८०; NILA: ०१.००२.३७९॥
Among the supplements, the Harivamsha and the Bhavishya are also set forth; ten thousand verses and twenty hundreds of verses… (KUMB: 1-2-380; NILA: 01.002.379)
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खिलेषु हरिवंशे च संख्यातानि महर्षिणा । एतत्सर्वं समाख्यातं भारते पर्वसंग्रहः ॥KUMB: १-२-३८१; NILA: ०१.००२.३८०॥
They were counted by the great sage in the supplements and the Harivaṃśa. All this has been set forth in the Bhārata as its summary of books. (KUMB: 1-2-381; NILA: 01.002.380)
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अर्थशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं धर्मशास्त्रमिदं महत् । कामशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं व्यासेनामितबुद्धिना ॥KUMB: १-२-३८४; NILA: ०१.००२.३८३॥
This has been proclaimed as a treatise on worldly affairs, as a great treatise on dharma, and as a treatise on love by Vyasa of boundless intellect. (KUMB: 1-2-384; NILA: 01.002.383)
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अस्य काव्यस्य कवयो न समर्था विशेषणे । साधोरिव गृहस्थस्य शेषास्त्रय इवाश्रमाः ॥KUMB: १-२-३९१; NILA: ०१.००२.३९०॥
Poets are incapable of surpassing this poem, just as the other three stages of life cannot surpass that of a virtuous householder. (KUMB: 1-2-391; NILA: 01.002.390)
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धर्मे मतिर्भवतु वः सततोत्थितानां स ह्येक एव परलोकगतस्य बन्धुः । अर्थाः स्त्रियश्च निपुणैरपि सेव्यमाना नैवाप्तभावमुपयान्ति न च स्थिरत्वम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३९२; NILA: ०१.००२.३९१॥
May your minds be constantly intent on dharma, for it alone is the companion of one who has departed for the next world. Wealth and women, even when diligently cultivated by the discerning, never become truly one’s own or remain secure. (KUMB: 1-2-392; NILA: 01.002.391)
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यदह्ना कुरुते पाप ब्राह्मणस्त्विन्द्रियैश्चरन् । महाभारतमाख्याय सन्ध्यां मुच्यति पश्चिमाम् ॥KUMB: १-२-३९४; NILA: ०१.००२.३९३॥
Whatever sin a Brahmin commits during the day while acting through his senses, he is freed from it by reciting the Mahabharata at evening twilight. (KUMB: 1-2-394; NILA: 01.002.393)
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यद्रात्रौ कुरुते पापं कर्मणा मनसा गिरा । महाभारतमाख्याय पूर्वां सन्ध्यां प्रमुच्यते ॥KUMB: १-२-३९५; NILA: ०१.००२.३९४॥
Whatever sin one commits at night by deed, thought, or speech, one is freed from it at the morning twilight by reciting the Mahabharata. (KUMB: 1-2-395; NILA: 01.002.394)
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यो गोशतं कनकशृङ्गमयं ददाति विप्राय वेदविदुषे च बहुश्रुताय । पुण्यां च भारतकथां शृणुयाच्च नित्यं तुल्यं फलं भवति तस्य च तस्य चैव ॥KUMB: १-२-३९६; NILA: ०१.००२.३९५॥
One who gives a hundred cows with golden horns to a learned Brahmin well versed in the Vedas, and one who regularly listens to the sacred tale of the Bharata, each receives the same reward. (KUMB: 1-2-396; NILA: 01.002.395)
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