Chapter 2: Vyāsa arrives at Janamejaya’s serpent sacrifice, and Vaiśampāyana begins narrating the Jaya with its table of contents.
sūta uvāca॥
Suta said:
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śrutvā tu sarpasatrāya dīkṣitaṁ janamējayam। abhyāgacchadr̥ṣirvidvānkr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanastadā॥BORI: 1-54-1॥
When the learned sage Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana heard that Janamejaya had been consecrated for the snake sacrifice, he came there. (BORI: 1-54-1)
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janayāmāsa yaṁ kālī śaktēḥ putrātparāśarāt। kanyaiva yamunādvīpē pāṇḍavānāṁ pitāmaham॥BORI: 1-54-2॥
whom Kālī, while still a maiden, bore to Parāśara, the son of Śakti, on an island in the Yamunā—the grandfather of the Pāṇḍavas. (BORI: 1-54-2)
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jātamātraśca yaḥ sadya iṣṭyā dēhamavīvr̥dhat। vēdāṁścādhijagē sāṅgānsētihāsānmahāyaśāḥ॥BORI: 1-54-3॥
who, as soon as he was born, enlarged his body at will and, greatly renowned, mastered the Vedas together with their ancillary disciplines and the Itihasas… (BORI: 1-54-3)
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yaṁ nātitapasā kaścinna vēdādhyayanēna ca। na vratairnōpavāsaiśca na prasūtyā na manyunā॥BORI: 1-54-4॥
whom no one surpasses in austerity, Vedic study, vows, fasting, progeny, or wrath... (BORI: 1-54-4)
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vivyāsaikaṁ caturdhā yō vēdaṁ vēdavidāṁ varaḥ। parāvarajñō brahmarṣiḥ kaviḥ satyavrataḥ śuciḥ॥BORI: 1-54-5॥
who, foremost among those who know the Veda, divided the single Veda into four—a Brahmarshi who knew the higher and the lower, a seer, true to his vows, and pure… (BORI: 1-54-5)
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yaḥ pāṇḍuṁ dhr̥tarāṣṭraṁ ca viduraṁ cāpyajījanat। śantanōḥ santatiṁ tanvanpuṇyakīrtirmahāyaśāḥ॥BORI: 1-54-6॥
who begot Pandu, Dhritarashtra, and Vidura, perpetuating Shantanu’s line, a man of holy fame and great renown… (BORI: 1-54-6)
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janamējayasya rājarṣēḥ sa tadyajñasadastadā। vivēśa śiṣyaiḥ sahitō vēdavēdāṅgapāragaiḥ॥BORI: 1-54-7॥
He then entered the royal sage Janamejaya’s sacrificial hall, accompanied by his disciples, who were thoroughly versed in the Vedas and their ancillary sciences. (BORI: 1-54-7)
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tatra rājānamāsīnaṁ dadarśa janamējayam। vr̥taṁ sadasyairbahubhirdēvairiva puraṁdaram॥BORI: 1-54-8॥
There he saw King Janamejaya seated, surrounded by many participants in the sacrificial session, like Purandara surrounded by the gods. (BORI: 1-54-8)
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tathā mūrdhāvasiktaiśca nānājanapadēśvaraiḥ। r̥tvigbhirdēvakalpaiśca kuśalairyajñasaṁstarē॥BORI: 1-54-9॥
as well as by consecrated kings, lords of many realms, and by godlike officiating priests skilled in the performance of sacrifices. (BORI: 1-54-9)
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janamējayastu rājarṣirdr̥ṣṭvā tamr̥ṣimāgatam। sagaṇō’byudyayau tūrṇaṁ prītyā bharatasattamaḥ॥BORI: 1-54-10॥
But when the royal sage Janamejaya saw that the seer had arrived, the foremost of the Bharatas quickly rose with his retinue to greet him, filled with delight. (BORI: 1-54-10)
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kāñcanaṁ viṣṭaraṁ tasmai sadasyānumatē prabhuḥ। āsanaṁ kalpayāmāsa yathā śakrō br̥haspatēḥ॥BORI: 1-54-11॥
With the assembly’s consent, the king prepared a golden seat for him, as Śakra does for Bṛhaspati. (BORI: 1-54-11)
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tatrōpaviṣṭaṁ varadaṁ dēvarṣigaṇapūjitam। pūjayāmāsa rājēndraḥ śāstradr̥ṣṭēna karmaṇā॥BORI: 1-54-12॥
When the boon-granting sage, honored by hosts of divine seers, had taken his seat there, the king paid homage to him with the rites prescribed in scripture. (BORI: 1-54-12)
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pādyamācamanīyaṁ ca arghyaṁ gāṁ ca vidhānataḥ। pitāmahāya kr̥ṣṇāya tadarhāya nyavēdayat॥BORI: 1-54-13॥
He duly offered water for washing the feet, water for sipping, a respectful offering, and a cow to his venerable grandfather Krishna, who was worthy of such honors. (BORI: 1-54-13)
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pratigr̥hya ca tāṁ pūjāṁ pāṇḍavājjanamējayāt। gāṁ caiva samanujñāya vyāsaḥ prītō’bhavattadā॥BORI: 1-54-14॥
Having accepted that honor from Janamejaya, descendant of Pandu, and dismissed the cow, Vyasa was pleased. (BORI: 1-54-14)
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tathā sampūjayitvā taṁ yatnēna prapitāmaham। upōpaviśya prītātmā paryapr̥cchadanāmayam॥BORI: 1-54-15॥
After thus honoring his great-grandfather with due care, he sat down beside him and, pleased at heart, inquired after his health. (BORI: 1-54-15)
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bhagavānapi taṁ dr̥ṣṭvā kuśalaṁ prativēdya ca। sadasyaiḥ pūjitaḥ sarvaiḥ sadasyānabhyapūjayat॥BORI: 1-54-16॥
The venerable sage, on seeing him, reported that all was well; then, honored by all the members of the assembly, he honored them in return. (BORI: 1-54-16)
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tatastaṁ satkr̥taṁ sarvaiḥ sadasyairjanamējayaḥ। idaṁ paścāddvijaśrēṣṭhaṁ paryapr̥cchatkr̥tāñjaliḥ॥BORI: 1-54-17॥
Then Janamejaya, with joined palms, addressed this question to that foremost of Brahmins, after he had been honored by all the members of the assembly: (BORI: 1-54-17)
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kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca bhavānpratyakṣadarśivān। tēṣāṁ caritamicchāmi kathyamānaṁ tvayā dvija॥BORI: 1-54-18॥
You witnessed the Kurus and the Pandavas firsthand. O Brahmin, I wish to hear their story told by you. (BORI: 1-54-18)
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kathaṁ samabhavadbhēdastēṣāmakliṣṭakarmaṇām। tacca yuddhaṁ kathaṁ vr̥ttaṁ bhūtāntakaraṇaṁ mahat॥BORI: 1-54-19॥
How did discord arise among those men of blameless deeds? And how did that great war unfold, bringing about the destruction of all beings? (BORI: 1-54-19)
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pitāmahānāṁ sarvēṣāṁ daivēnāviṣṭacētasām। kārtsnyēnaitatsamācakṣva bhagavankuśalō hyasi॥BORI: 1-54-20॥
among all the grandsires, whose minds were possessed by fate? Tell me all this in full, venerable sir, for you are well versed in it. (BORI: 1-54-20)
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tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanastadā। śaśāsa śiṣyamāsīnaṁ vaiśampāyanamantikē॥BORI: 1-54-21॥
Hearing his words, Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana then instructed his disciple Vaiśampāyana, who was seated nearby: (BORI: 1-54-21)
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kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca yathā bhēdō’bhavatpurā। tadasmai sarvamācakṣva yanmattaḥ śrutavānasi॥BORI: 1-54-22॥
Tell him in full how the division between the Kurus and the Pandavas arose long ago, just as you heard it from me. (BORI: 1-54-22)
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gurōrvacanamājñāya sa tu viprarṣabhastadā। ācacakṣē tataḥ sarvamitihāsaṁ purātanam॥BORI: 1-54-23॥
Obeying his teacher’s command, that foremost of Brahmins then recounted the entire ancient history— (BORI: 1-54-23)
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tasmai rājñē sadasyēbhyaḥ kṣatriyēbhyaśca sarvaśaḥ। bhēdaṁ rājyavināśaṁ ca kurupāṇḍavayōstadā॥BORI: 1-54-24॥
to that king, the members of the assembly, and all the Kshatriyas, then recounting in full the conflict between the Kurus and the Pandavas and the destruction of their kingdom. (BORI: 1-54-24)
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vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
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guravē prāṅnamaskr̥tya manōbuddhisamādhibhiḥ। sampūjya ca dvijānsarvāṁstathānyānviduṣō janān॥BORI: 1-55-1॥
Having first bowed to my teacher with mind, intellect, and concentration, and having duly honored all the twice-born and other learned people… (BORI: 1-55-1)
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maharṣēḥ sarvalōkēṣu viśrutasyāsya dhīmataḥ। pravakṣyāmi mataṁ kr̥tsnaṁ vyāsasyāmitatējasaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-2॥
I shall set forth in full the thought of this wise great seer, Vyasa of immeasurable splendor, who is renowned throughout all the worlds. (BORI: 1-55-2)
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śrōtuṁ pātraṁ ca rājaṁstvaṁ prāpyēmāṁ bhāratīṁ kathām। gurōrvaktuṁ parispandō mudā prōtsāhatīva mām॥BORI: 1-55-3॥
Having found you, O king, a worthy listener to this tale of the Bharatas, the impulse to tell my teacher’s work seems to spur me on with joy. (BORI: 1-55-3)
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śr̥ṇu rājanyathā bhēdaḥ kurupāṇḍavayōrabhūt। rājyārthē dyūtasambhūtō vanavāsastathaiva ca॥BORI: 1-55-4॥
Listen, O king, to how the conflict between the Kurus and the Pandavas arose over the kingdom through a game of dice, and likewise to their exile in the forest. (BORI: 1-55-4)
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yathā ca yuddhamabhavatpr̥thivīkṣayakārakam। tattē’haṁ sampravakṣyāmi pr̥cchatē bharatarṣabha॥BORI: 1-55-5॥
And how the war that brought about the destruction of the earth arose—I shall relate all this to you, since you have asked, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-55-5)
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mr̥tē pitari tē vīrā vanādētya svamandiram। nacirādiva vidvāṁsō vēdē dhanuṣi cābhavan॥BORI: 1-55-6॥
After their father died, those heroes returned from the forest to their own home and soon became proficient in the Veda and archery. (BORI: 1-55-6)
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tāṁstathā rūpavīryaujaḥsampannānpaurasaṁmatān। nāmr̥ṣyankuravō dr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍavāñśrīyaśōbhr̥taḥ॥BORI: 1-55-7॥
The Kurus could not bear to see the Pandavas so endowed with beauty, valor, and strength, esteemed by the citizens, and possessed of prosperity and fame. (BORI: 1-55-7)
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tatō duryōdhanaḥ krūraḥ karṇaśca sahasaubalaḥ। tēṣāṁ nigrahanirvāsānvividhāṁstē samācaran॥BORI: 1-55-8॥
Then the cruel Duryodhana, together with Karna and Saubala, employed various means to subdue and banish them. (BORI: 1-55-8)
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dadāvatha viṣaṁ pāpō bhīmāya dhr̥tarāṣṭrajaḥ। jarayāmāsa tadvīraḥ sahānnēna vr̥kōdaraḥ॥BORI: 1-55-9॥
Then the wicked son of Dhritarashtra gave poison to Bhima, but the hero Vrikodara digested it along with his food. (BORI: 1-55-9)
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pramāṇakōṭyāṁ saṁsuptaṁ punarbaddhvā vr̥kōdaram। tōyēṣu bhīmaṁ gaṅgāyāḥ prakṣipya puramāvrajat॥BORI: 1-55-10॥
Then, after binding the sleeping Vṛkodara once more at Pramāṇakoṭi, he cast Bhīma into the waters of the Gaṅgā and returned to the city. (BORI: 1-55-10)
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yadā prabuddhaḥ kauntēyastadā sañchidya bandhanam। udatiṣṭhanmahārāja bhīmasēnō gatavyathaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-11॥
When Kunti’s son awoke, he broke his bonds and rose, O great king; Bhimasena was unharmed. (BORI: 1-55-11)
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āśīviṣaiḥ kr̥ṣṇasarpaiḥ suptaṁ cainamadaṁśayat। sarvēṣvēvāṅgadēśēṣu na mamāra ca śatruhā॥BORI: 1-55-12॥
He also had venomous black snakes bite him while he slept, all over his body; but the slayer of foes did not die. (BORI: 1-55-12)
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tēṣāṁ tu viprakārēṣu tēṣu tēṣu mahāmatiḥ। mōkṣaṇē pratighātē ca vidurō’vahitō’bhavat॥BORI: 1-55-13॥
With every such outrage against them, the wise Vidura remained vigilant in rescuing them and thwarting it. (BORI: 1-55-13)
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svargasthō jīvalōkasya yathā śakraḥ sukhāvahaḥ। pāṇḍavānāṁ tathā nityaṁ vidurō’pi sukhāvahaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-14॥
Just as Śakra, dwelling in heaven, brings happiness to the world of living beings, so Vidura always brought happiness to the Pāṇḍavas. (BORI: 1-55-14)
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yadā tu vividhōpāyaiḥ saṁvr̥tairvivr̥tairapi। nāśaknōdvinihantuṁ tāndaivabhāvyartharakṣitān॥BORI: 1-55-15॥
But when he was unable to kill them by various means, whether secret or open, for they were protected by fate for what was yet to come... (BORI: 1-55-15)
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tataḥ saṁmantrya sacivairvr̥ṣaduḥśāsanādibhiḥ। dhr̥tarāṣṭramanujñāpya jātuṣaṁ gr̥hamādiśat॥BORI: 1-55-16॥
Then, after consulting his advisers—Vṛṣa, Duḥśāsana, and the others—and obtaining Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s permission, he ordered a house of lac to be built. (BORI: 1-55-16)
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tē prātiṣṭhanta sahitā nagarānnāgasāhvayāt । prasthānē cābhavanmantrī kṣattā tēṣāṁ mahātmanām ॥KUMB: 1-61-20; NILA: 01.061.019॥
Together they departed from the city called after the elephant, and at their departure Kshattri served as counselor to those great souls. (KUMB: 1-61-20; NILA: 01.061.019)
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nyavasanta mahātmānō mātrā saha parantapāḥ । dhr̥tarāṣṭrēṇa cājñaptā uṣitā jātuṣē gr̥hē ॥KUMB: 1-61-22; NILA: 01.061.021॥
The great-souled scorchers of foes took up residence with their mother. At Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s command, they stayed in the house of lac... (KUMB: 1-61-22; NILA: 01.061.021)
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purōcanādrakṣamāṇāḥ saṁvatsaramatandritāḥ । suruṅgāṁ kārayitvā tu vidurēṇa pracōditāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-61-23; NILA: 01.061.022॥
Guarding themselves against Purochana and remaining vigilant for a year, they had a tunnel dug at Vidura’s urging… (KUMB: 1-61-23; NILA: 01.061.022)
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ādīpya jātuṣaṁ vēśma dagdhvā caiva purōcanam । prādravanbhayasaṁvignā mātrā saha parantapāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-61-24; NILA: 01.061.023॥
The scorcher of foes set fire to the house of lac, burned Purocana, and fled in terror with their mother. (KUMB: 1-61-24; NILA: 01.061.023)
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dadr̥śurdāruṇaṁ rakṣō hiḍimbaṁ vananirjharē । hatvā ca taṁ rākṣasēndraṁ bhītāḥ samavabōdhanāt ॥KUMB: 1-61-25; NILA: 01.061.024॥
They saw the dreadful Rakshasa Hidimba by a forest waterfall; and after killing that lord of the Rakshasas, fearful of being discovered… (KUMB: 1-61-25; NILA: 01.061.024)
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niśi saṁprādravanpārthā dhārtarāṣṭrabhayārditāḥ । prāptā hiḍimbā bhīmēna yatra jātō ghaṭōtkacaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-61-26; NILA: 01.061.025॥
At night the sons of Pritha fled, tormented by fear of Dhritarashtra’s sons. There Bhima took Hidimba as his mate, and Ghatotkacha was born. (KUMB: 1-61-26; NILA: 01.061.025)
[PV-KDV:01_005_51] (Bharata-Ext)
atha sandhāya tē vīrā ēkacakrāṁ vrajaṁstadā। brahmarūpadharā bhūtvā mātrā saha parantapāḥ॥BORI: 1-55-20॥
Then, having made an agreement, those heroic scorchers of foes went to Ekachakra with their mother, assuming the guise of Brahmins. (BORI: 1-55-20)
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tatra tē brāhmaṇārthāya bakaṁ hatvā mahābalam। brāhmaṇaiḥ sahitā jagmuḥ pāñcālānāṁ puraṁ tataḥ॥BORI: 1-55-21॥
There, for the sake of the Brahmin, they slew the mighty Baka; then, accompanied by Brahmins, they went to the city of the Panchalas. (BORI: 1-55-21)
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tatastē śuśruvuḥ kr̥ṣṇāṁ pañcālēṣu svayaṁvarām । śrutvā caivābhyagacchta gatvā caivālabhanta tām ॥KUMB: 1-61-31; NILA: 01.061.030॥
Then they heard that Krishna was to choose a husband at a svayamvara among the Panchalas. On hearing this, they went there and won her. (KUMB: 1-61-31; NILA: 01.061.030)
[PV-KDV:01_005_54] (Bharata-Ext)
tē tatra draupadīṁ labdhvā parisaṁvatsarōṣitāḥ। viditā hāstinapuraṁ pratyājagmurariṁdamāḥ॥BORI: 1-55-22॥
After obtaining Draupadi there and staying for a full year, those conquerors of foes, now recognized, returned to Hastinapura. (BORI: 1-55-22)
[PV-KDV:01_005_55] (Bharata-Ext)
ta uktā dhr̥tarāṣṭrēṇa rājñā śāntanavēna ca। bhrātr̥bhirvigrahastāta kathaṁ vō na bhavēditi । asmābhiḥ khāṇḍavaprasthē yuṣmadvāsō’nucintitaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-23॥
King Dhritarashtra and Shantanu’s son told them, “Dear son, how can conflict between you and your brothers be avoided? We have chosen Khandavaprastha as your place of residence.” (BORI: 1-55-23)
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tasmājjanapadōpētaṁ suvibhaktamahāpatham। vāsāya khāṇḍavaprasthaṁ vrajadhvaṁ gatamanyavaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-24॥
Therefore, free from anger, go and make your home at Khandavaprastha, which is well populated and has broad, well-laid-out roads. (BORI: 1-55-24)
[PV-KDV:01_005_57] (Bharata-Ext)
tayōstē vacanājjagmuḥ saha sarvaiḥ suhr̥jjanaiḥ। nagaraṁ khāṇḍavaprasthaṁ ratnānyādāya sarvaśaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-25॥
At the words of those two, they went with all their friends to the city of Khandavaprastha, taking riches of every kind with them. (BORI: 1-55-25)
[PV-KDV:01_005_58] (Bharata-Ext)
tatra tē nyavasanrājansaṁvatsaragaṇānbahūn। vaśē śastrapratāpēna kurvantō’nyānmahīkṣitaḥ॥BORI: 1-55-26॥
There they lived for many years, O king, bringing other rulers under their sway through the might of their weapons. (BORI: 1-55-26)
[PV-KDV:01_005_59] (Bharata-Ext)
ēvaṁ dharmapradhānāstē satyavrataparāyaṇāḥ। apramattōtthitāḥ kṣāntāḥ pratapantō’hitāṁstadā॥BORI: 1-55-27॥
Thus, placing dharma foremost, devoted to truth, vigilant, energetic, and patient, they were then scorching their enemies… (BORI: 1-55-27)
[PV-KDV:01_005_60] (Bharata-Ext)
ajayadbhīmasēnastu diśaṁ prācīṁ mahābalaḥ। udīcīmarjunō vīraḥ pratīcīṁ nakulastathā॥BORI: 1-55-28॥
The mighty Bhimasena conquered the east, the valiant Arjuna the north, and Nakula the west. (BORI: 1-55-28)
[PV-KDV:01_005_61] (Bharata-Ext)
dakṣiṇāṁ sahadēvastu vijigyē paravīrahā। ēvaṁ cakrurimāṁ sarvē vaśē kr̥tsnāṁ vasundharām॥BORI: 1-55-29॥
Sahadeva, the slayer of enemy heroes, conquered the southern region. Thus they all brought the entire earth under their sway. (BORI: 1-55-29)
[PV-KDV:01_005_62] (Bharata-Ext)
pañcabhiḥ sūryasaṅkāśaiḥ sūryēṇa ca virājatā। ṣaṭsūryēvābabhau pr̥thvī pāṇḍavaiḥ satyavikramaiḥ॥BORI: 1-55-30॥
With the five Pandavas, radiant as the sun and true in valor, and with the resplendent sun itself, the earth shone as though illuminated by six suns. (BORI: 1-55-30)
[PV-KDV:01_005_63] (Bharata-Ext)
tatō nimittē kasmiṁściddharmarājō yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। vanaṁ prasthāpayāmāsa bhrātaraṁ vai dhanañjayam॥BORI: 1-55-31॥
Then, on a certain occasion, King Yudhishthira sent his brother Dhananjaya into the forest. (BORI: 1-55-31)
[PV-PAN:01_005_64] (Bharata-Ext)
sa vai saṁvatsaraṁ pūrṇaṁ māsaṁ caikaṁ vanē’vasat। tatō’gacchaddhr̥ṣīkēśaṁ dvāravatyāṁ kadācana॥BORI: 1-55-32॥
He remained in the forest for a full year and one month. Then, after some time, he went to Hrishikesha in Dvaravati. (BORI: 1-55-32)
[PV-PAN:01_005_65] (Bharata-Ext)
labdhavāṁstatra bībhatsurbhāryāṁ rājīvalōcanām। anujāṁ vāsudēvasya subhadrāṁ bhadrabhāṣiṇīm॥BORI: 1-55-33॥
There Bibhatsu took as his wife the lotus-eyed Subhadra, Vasudeva’s younger sister, who spoke graciously. (BORI: 1-55-33)
[PV-PAN:01_005_66] (Bharata-Ext)
sā śacīva mahēndrēṇa śrīḥ kr̥ṣṇēnēva saṅgatā। subhadrā yuyujē prītā pāṇḍavēnārjunēna ha॥BORI: 1-55-34॥
The delighted Subhadra was united with Arjuna, the son of Pandu, as Shachi was with Mahendra and Shri with Krishna. (BORI: 1-55-34)
[PV-PAN:01_005_67] (Bharata-Ext)
atarpayacca kauntēyaḥ khāṇḍavē havyavāhanam। bībhatsurvāsudēvēna sahitō nr̥pasattama॥BORI: 1-55-35॥
And in the Khandava Forest, Kunti’s son Bibhatsu, together with Vasudeva, satiated the fire god, O best of kings. (BORI: 1-55-35)
[PV-PAN:01_005_68] (Bharata-Ext)
nātibhārō hi pārthasya kēśavēnābhavatsaha। vyavasāyasahāyasya viṣṇōḥ śatruvadhēṣviva॥BORI: 1-55-36॥
For Pārtha, with Keshava beside him, no task was too great—just as none is too great for Vishnu, aided by his resolve, when slaying his enemies. (BORI: 1-55-36)
[PV-PAN:01_005_69] (Bharata-Ext)
pārthāyāgnirdadau cāpi gāṇḍīvaṁ dhanuruttamam। iṣudhī cākṣayairbāṇai rathaṁ ca kapilakṣaṇam॥BORI: 1-55-37॥
Agni also gave Partha the Gandiva, the finest of bows, two quivers filled with inexhaustible arrows, and a chariot bearing the monkey emblem. (BORI: 1-55-37)
[PV-PAN:01_005_70] (Bharata-Ext)
mōkṣayāmāsa bībhatsurmayaṁ tatra mahāsuram। sa cakāra sabhāṁ divyāṁ sarvaratnasamācitām॥BORI: 1-55-38॥
There Bibhatsu rescued Maya, the great Asura, who then built a magnificent hall filled with every kind of jewel. (BORI: 1-55-38)
[PV-PAN:01_005_71] (Bharata-Ext)
tasyāṁ duryōdhanō mandō lōbhaṁ cakrē sudurmatiḥ। tatō’kṣairvañcayitvā ca saubalēna yudhiṣṭhiram॥BORI: 1-55-39॥
In that hall, foolish, evil-minded Duryodhana became covetous. Then, after cheating Yudhishthira at dice with the aid of Subala’s son… (BORI: 1-55-39)
[PV-KDV:01_005_72] (Bharata-Ext)
vanaṁ prasthāpayāmāsa sapta varṣāṇi pañca ca। ajñātamēkaṁ rāṣṭrē ca tathā varṣaṁ trayōdaśam॥BORI: 1-55-40॥
and sent him into the forest for seven years and five, followed by one year living unrecognized in a kingdom—thus making the thirteenth year. (BORI: 1-55-40)
[PV-KDV:01_005_73] (Bharata-Ext)
tataścaturdaśē varṣē yācamānāḥ svakaṁ vasu। nālabhanta mahārāja tatō yuddhamavartata॥BORI: 1-55-41॥
Then, in the fourteenth year, when they asked for their own property, they did not obtain it, great king; thereupon war broke out. (BORI: 1-55-41)
[PV-KDV:01_005_74] (Bharata-Ext)
tatastē sarvamutsādya hatvā duryōdhanaṁ nr̥pam। rājyaṁ vidrutabhūyiṣṭhaṁ pratyapadyanta pāṇḍavāḥ॥BORI: 1-55-42॥
Then, having destroyed everything and slain King Duryodhana, the Pandavas took possession of a kingdom from which most of its people had fled. (BORI: 1-55-42)
[PV-KDV:01_005_75] (Bharata-Ext)
iṣṭvā kratūṁśca vividhānaśvamēdhādikānbahūn । dhr̥tarāṣṭrē gatē svargaṁ vidurē pañcatāṁ gatē ॥KUMB: 1-61-55; KUMB: 1-61-56॥
having also performed many different sacrifices, beginning with the horse sacrifice, and when Dhritarashtra had gone to heaven and Vidura had died… (KUMB: 1-61-55; KUMB: 1-61-56)
[PV-KDV:01_005_76] (Bharata-Ext)
gamayitvā kriyāṁ svargyāṁ rājñāmamitatējasām ।
Having performed the heaven-winning rites for the kings of immeasurable splendor and, (KUMB: 1-61-56; KUMB: 1-61-57)
[PV-KDV:01_005_77] (Bharata-Ext)
mahāprasthānikaṁ kr̥tvā gatāḥ svargamanuttamam ॥KUMB: 1-61-57॥
They made the Great Departure and went to the highest heaven. (KUMB: 1-61-57)
[PV-KDV:01_005_78] (Bharata-Ext)
ēvamētatpurāvr̥ttaṁ tēṣāmakliṣṭakarmaṇām। bhēdō rājyavināśaśca jayaśca jayatāṁ vara॥BORI: 1-55-43॥
Thus all this befell those men of tireless deeds long ago: dissension, the loss of their kingdom, and victory, O best of conquerors. (BORI: 1-55-43)
[PV-KDV:01_005_79] (Bharata-Ext)
janamējaya uvāca॥
Janamejaya said:
[PV-PAX:01_005_91] (Bharata-Ext)
kathitaṁ vai samāsēna tvayā sarvaṁ dvijōttama। mahābhāratamākhyānaṁ kurūṇāṁ caritaṁ mahat॥BORI: 1-056-1॥
Best of Brahmins, you have indeed related everything in brief—the Mahabharata narrative, the great history of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-056-1)
[PV-PAX:01_005_92] (Bharata-Ext)
kathāṁ tvanagha citrārthāmimāṁ kathayati tvayi। vistaraśravaṇē jātaṁ kautūhalamatīva mē॥BORI: 1-056-2॥
But, O sinless one, as you tell this wondrous tale, I have become intensely eager to hear it in detail. (BORI: 1-056-2)
[PV-PAX:01_005_93] (Bharata-Ext)
sa bhavānvistarēṇēmāṁ punarākhyātumarhati। na hi tr̥pyāmi pūrvēṣāṁ śr̥ṇvānaścaritaṁ mahat॥BORI: 1-056-3॥
Therefore, you should recount this to me again in full, for I never tire of hearing of the great deeds of the ancients. (BORI: 1-056-3)
[PV-PAX:01_005_94] (Bharata-Ext)
na tatkāraṇamalpaṁ hi dharmajñā yatra pāṇḍavāḥ। avadhyānsarvaśō jaghnuḥ praśasyantē ca mānavaiḥ॥BORI: 1-056-4॥
The cause cannot have been slight, for the Pandavas, who knew dharma, utterly slew those who were not to be slain and are praised by men. (BORI: 1-056-4)
[PV-PAX:01_005_95] (Bharata-Ext)
kimarthaṁ tē naravyāghrāḥ śaktāḥ santō hyanāgasaḥ। prayujyamānānsaṅklēśānkṣāntavantō durātmanām॥BORI: 1-056-5॥
Why did those tigers among men, though powerful and blameless, endure the sufferings inflicted by the wicked? (BORI: 1-056-5)
[PV-PAX:01_005_96] (Bharata-Ext)
kathaṁ nāgāyutaprāṇō bāhuśālī vr̥kōdaraḥ। parikliśyannapi krōdhaṁ dhr̥tavānvai dvijōttama॥BORI: 1-056-6॥
How, O best of Brahmins, did the mighty-armed Vrikodara, whose strength equaled that of ten thousand elephants, restrain his anger even while being tormented? (BORI: 1-056-6)
[PV-PAX:01_005_97] (Bharata-Ext)
kathaṁ sā draupadī kr̥ṣṇā kliśyamānā durātmabhiḥ। śaktā satī dhārtarāṣṭrānnādahadghōracakṣuṣā॥BORI: 1-056-7॥
How did Draupadi Krishna, though capable of doing so, refrain from burning the sons of Dhritarashtra with her terrible gaze as those wicked men tormented her? (BORI: 1-056-7)
[PV-PAX:01_005_98] (Bharata-Ext)
kathaṁ vyatikramandyūtē pārthau mādrīsutau tathā। anuvrajannaravyāghraṁ vañcyamānaṁ durātmabhiḥ॥BORI: 1-056-8॥
How did the two sons of Pritha, and likewise the sons of Madri, stand aside during the dice game and follow that tiger among men while wicked men cheated him? (BORI: 1-056-8)
[PV-PAX:01_005_99] (Bharata-Ext)
kathaṁ dharmabhr̥tāṁ śrēṣṭhaḥ sutō dharmasya dharmavit। anarhaḥ paramaṁ klēśaṁ sōḍhavānsa yudhiṣṭhiraḥ॥BORI: 1-056-9॥
How did Yudhishthira—the foremost upholder of dharma, the son of Dharma and knower of dharma—endure such extreme suffering, though he did not deserve it? (BORI: 1-056-9)
[PV-PAX:01_005_100] (Bharata-Ext)
kathaṁ ca bahulāḥ sēnāḥ pāṇḍavaḥ kr̥ṣṇasārathiḥ। asyannēkō’nayatsarvāḥ pitr̥lōkaṁ dhanañjayaḥ॥BORI: 1-056-10॥
And how did the Pandava Dhananjaya, with Krishna as his charioteer, single-handedly shoot down the vast armies and send them all to the realm of the ancestors? (BORI: 1-056-10)
[PV-PAX:01_005_101] (Bharata-Ext)
ētadācakṣva mē sarvaṁ yathāvr̥ttaṁ tapōdhana। yadyacca kr̥tavantastē tatra tatra mahārathāḥ॥BORI: 1-056-11॥
Tell me all this as it happened, O treasure of austerity, and everything those great chariot-warriors did in each place. (BORI: 1-056-11)
[PV-PAX:01_005_102] (Bharata-Ext)
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_005_103] (Bharata-Ext)
maharṣēḥ sarvalōkēṣu pūjitasya mahātmanaḥ। pravakṣyāmi mataṁ kr̥tsnaṁ vyāsasyāmitatējasaḥ॥BORI: 1-056-12॥
I shall set forth in full the conception of Vyasa, the great-souled sage of immeasurable splendor, honored in all the worlds. (BORI: 1-056-12)
[PV-KDV:01_005_104] (Bharata-Ext)
adhyāyānāṁ sahasrē dvē parvaṇāṁ śatamēva ca । ślōkānāṁ tu sahasrāṇi navatiśca daśaiva ca । tatō’ṣṭādaśabhiḥ parvaiḥ saṁgr̥hītaṁ maharṣiṇā ॥KUMB: 1-62-16॥
There are two thousand chapters, exactly one hundred parvans, and one hundred thousand verses; the great seer then arranged it into eighteen parvans. (KUMB: 1-62-16)
[PV-PAX:01_005_105] (Bharata-Ext)
idaṁ śatasahasraṁ hi ślōkānāṁ puṇyakarmaṇām। satyavatyātmajēnēha vyākhyātamamitaujasā॥BORI: 1-056-13॥
This collection of one hundred thousand verses concerning virtuous deeds was expounded here by the immensely powerful son of Satyavati. (BORI: 1-056-13)
[PV-PAX:01_005_106] (Bharata-Ext)
ya idaṁ śrāvayēdvidvānyaścēdaṁ śr̥ṇuyānnaraḥ। tē brahmaṇaḥ sthānamētya prāpnuyurdēvatulyatām॥BORI: 1-056-14॥
The learned man who recites this and the man who listens to it will attain Brahman’s abode and become equal to the gods. (BORI: 1-056-14)
[PV-PAX:01_005_107] (Bharata-Ext)
idaṁ hi vēdaiḥ samitaṁ pavitramapi cōttamam। śrāvyāṇāmuttamaṁ cēdaṁ purāṇamr̥ṣisaṁstutam॥BORI: 1-056-15॥
For this Purana accords with the Vedas, is holy and supreme, and is the finest of works to be recited, praised by the seers. (BORI: 1-056-15)
[PV-PAX:01_005_108] (Bharata-Ext)
asminnarthaśca dharmaśca nikhilēnōpadiśyatē। itihāsē mahāpuṇyē buddhiśca parinaiṣṭhikī॥BORI: 1-056-16॥
In this highly meritorious history, worldly prosperity and righteousness are taught in full, as is ultimate wisdom. (BORI: 1-056-16)
[PV-PAX:01_005_109] (Bharata-Ext)
akṣudrāndānaśīlāṁśca satyaśīlānanāstikān। kārṣṇaṁ vēdamimaṁ vidvāñśrāvayitvārthamaśnutē॥BORI: 1-056-17॥
A learned man who recites this Veda of Krishna to those who are noble, charitable, truthful, and believing obtains wealth. (BORI: 1-056-17)
[PV-PAX:01_005_110] (Bharata-Ext)
bhrūṇahatyākr̥taṁ cāpi pāpaṁ jahyādasaṁśayam। itihāsamimaṁ śrutvā puruṣō’pi sudāruṇaḥ॥BORI: 1-056-18॥
Even a very cruel man, on hearing this history, would undoubtedly rid himself of the sin incurred by killing an unborn child. (BORI: 1-056-18)
[PV-PAX:01_005_111] (Bharata-Ext)
jayō nāmētihāsō’yaṁ śrōtavyō vijigīṣuṇā। mahīṁ vijayatē sarvāṁ śatrūṁścāpi parājayēt॥BORI: 1-056-19॥
This history, called Jaya, should be heard by one who desires victory; he will conquer the entire earth and defeat his enemies as well. (BORI: 1-056-19)
[PV-KDV:01_005_112] (Bharata-Ext)
idaṁ puṁsavanaṁ śrēṣṭhamidaṁ svastyayanaṁ mahat। mahiṣīyuvarājābhyāṁ śrōtavyaṁ bahuśastathā॥BORI: 1-056-20॥
This is the finest rite for securing male offspring and a great rite for prosperity; likewise, it should be heard repeatedly by the chief queen and the crown prince. (BORI: 1-056-20)
[PV-PAX:01_005_113] (Bharata-Ext)
arthaśāstramidaṁ puṇyaṁ dharmaśāstramidaṁ param। mōkṣaśāstramidaṁ prōktaṁ vyāsēnāmitabuddhinā॥BORI: 1-056-21॥
This sacred work is a treatise on statecraft, a supreme treatise on dharma, and has been proclaimed as a treatise on liberation by Vyasa of boundless wisdom. (BORI: 1-056-21)
[PV-KDV:01_005_114] (Bharata-Ext)
sampratyācakṣatē caiva ākhyāsyanti tathāparē। putrāḥ śuśrūṣavaḥ santi prēṣyāśca priyakāriṇaḥ॥BORI: 1-056-22॥
They recount it now, and others too will recount it in the future. Sons are dutiful, and servants seek to please. (BORI: 1-056-22)
[PV-PAX:01_005_115] (Bharata-Ext)
śarīrēṇa kr̥taṁ pāpaṁ vācā ca manasaiva ca। sarvaṁ tattyajati kṣipramidaṁ śr̥ṇvannaraḥ sadā॥BORI: 1-056-23॥
A man who constantly listens to this quickly casts off all the sin he has committed in body, speech, and mind. (BORI: 1-056-23)
[PV-KDV:01_005_116] (Bharata-Ext)
bhāratānāṁ mahajjanma śr̥ṇvatāmanasūyatām। nāsti vyādhibhayaṁ tēṣāṁ paralōkabhayaṁ kutaḥ॥BORI: 1-056-24॥
Those who listen without envy to the great birth of the Bharatas have no fear of illness—how then could they fear the next world? (BORI: 1-056-24)
[PV-PAX:01_005_117] (Bharata-Ext)
dhanyaṁ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṁ svargyaṁ puṇyaṁ tathaiva ca। kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanēnēdaṁ kr̥taṁ puṇyacikīrṣuṇā॥BORI: 1-056-25॥
This work, bringing prosperity, fame, long life, heaven, and merit, was composed by Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana, who wished to perform a meritorious deed. (BORI: 1-056-25)
[PV-KDV:01_005_118] (Bharata-Ext)
kīrtiṁ prathayatā lōkē pāṇḍavānāṁ mahātmanām। anyēṣāṁ kṣatriyāṇāṁ ca bhūridraviṇatējasām॥BORI: 1-056-26॥
while spreading throughout the world the fame of the great-souled Pandavas and of other Kshatriyas possessed of abundant wealth and prowess… (BORI: 1-056-26)
[PV-PAX:01_005_119] (Bharata-Ext)
yathā samudrō bhagavānyathā ca himavāngiriḥ। khyātāvubhau ratnanidhī tathā bhāratamucyatē॥BORI: 1-056-27॥
Just as the venerable ocean and Mount Himalaya are both renowned repositories of jewels, so the Bharata is said to be. (BORI: 1-056-27)
[PV-KDV:01_005_120] (Bharata-Ext)
ya idaṁ śrāvayēdvidvānbrāhmaṇāniha parvasu। dhūtapāpmā jitasvargō brahmabhūyaṁ sa gacchati॥BORI: 1-056-28॥
The learned man who recites this here to Brahmins on sacred days, cleansed of sin and assured of heaven, attains union with Brahman. (BORI: 1-056-28)
[PV-PAX:01_005_121] (Bharata-Ext)
yaścēdaṁ śrāvayēcchrāddhē brāhmaṇānpādamantataḥ। akṣayyaṁ tasya tacchrāddhamupatiṣṭhētpitr̥napi॥BORI: 1-056-29॥
And whoever has even a quarter of this recited to Brahmins at a śrāddha—his śrāddha will remain imperishable and will reach his ancestors as well. (BORI: 1-056-29)
[PV-PAX:01_005_122] (Bharata-Ext)
ahnā yadēnaścājñānātprakarōti naraścaran। tanmahābhāratākhyānaṁ śrutvaiva pravilīyatē॥BORI: 1-056-30॥
Whatever sin a man commits during the day, unwittingly, as he goes about his affairs, is entirely dissolved simply by hearing the Mahabharata narrative. (BORI: 1-056-30)
[PV-PAX:01_005_123] (Bharata-Ext)
bhāratānāṁ mahajjanma mahābhāratamucyatē। niruktamasya yō vēda sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyatē॥BORI: 1-056-31॥
It is called the Mahabharata because it tells of the great birth of the Bharatas. Whoever understands this derivation of its name is freed from all sins. (BORI: 1-056-31)
[PV-PAX:01_005_124] (Bharata-Ext)
tribhirvarṣaiḥ sadōtthāyī kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanō muniḥ। mahābhāratamākhyānaṁ kr̥tavānidamuttamam॥BORI: 1-056-32॥
The sage Krishna Dvaipayana, ever diligent, composed this excellent Mahabharata narrative over the course of three years. (BORI: 1-056-32)
[PV-KDV:01_005_125] (Bharata-Ext)
tapōniyamamāsthāya kr̥tamētanmaharṣiṇā ॥KUMB: 1-62-45; NILA: 01.062.042॥
This was composed by the great seer after undertaking ascetic discipline. (KUMB: 1-62-45; NILA: 01.062.042)
[PV-KDV:01_005_126] (Bharata-Ext)
tasmānniyamasaṁyuktaiḥ śrōtavyaṁ brāhmaṇairidam । kr̥ṣṇaprōktāmimāṁ puṇyāṁ bhāratīmuttamāṁ kathām ॥KUMB: 1-62-46; NILA: 01.062.043॥
Therefore, Brahmins who observe religious disciplines should listen to this. This holy and excellent Bharata tale proclaimed by Krishna… (KUMB: 1-62-46; NILA: 01.062.043)
[PV-KDV:01_005_127] (Bharata-Ext)
dharmē cārthē ca kāmē ca mōkṣē ca bharatarṣabha। yadihāsti tadanyatra yannēhāsti na tatkvacit॥BORI: 1-056-33॥
In matters of dharma, prosperity, desire, and liberation, O bull of the Bharatas, whatever is found here may be found elsewhere; whatever is not here is found nowhere. (BORI: 1-056-33)
[PV-KDV:01_005_128] (Bharata-Ext)