01.086
अष्टक उवाच॥
Aṣṭaka said.
चरन्गृहस्थः कथमेति देवा; न्कथं भिक्षुः कथमाचार्यकर्मा। वानप्रस्थः सत्पथे संनिविष्टो; बहून्यस्मिन्सम्प्रति वेदयन्ति ॥०१-८६-१॥
How does the householder who lives in the world attain the gods? Indeed, how does the mendicant? How the one engaged in the teacher's duties? The forest-dweller established on the true path—many now explain these things. (01-86-1)
ययातिरुवाच॥
Yayati said.
आहूताध्यायी गुरुकर्मस्वचोद्यः; पूर्वोत्थायी चरमं चोपशायी। मृदुर्दान्तो धृतिमानप्रमत्तः; स्वाध्यायशीलः सिध्यति ब्रह्मचारी ॥०१-८६-२॥
A student who studies when called upon, helps his teacher in duties, rises early and retires last, is gentle, self-controlled, steady, attentive, and devoted to self-study—such a brahmacārin succeeds. (01-86-2)
धर्मागतं प्राप्य धनं यजेत; दद्यात्सदैवातिथीन्भोजयेच्च। अनाददानश्च परैरदत्तं; सैषा गृहस्थोपनिषत्पुराणी ॥०१-८६-३॥
After obtaining wealth acquired by righteousness, one should perform sacrifices; always give and feed guests, and not accept what is not given by others. This is the ancient householder's upanishad. (01-86-3)
स्ववीर्यजीवी वृजिनान्निवृत्तो; दाता परेभ्यो न परोपतापी। तादृङ्मुनिः सिद्धिमुपैति मुख्यां; वसन्नरण्ये नियताहारचेष्टः ॥०१-८६-४॥
One who lives by his own strength, avoids sin, gives to others without causing harm, and dwells in the forest with regulated food and conduct—such a sage attains the highest perfection. (01-86-4)
अशिल्पजीवी नगृहश्च नित्यं; जितेन्द्रियः सर्वतो विप्रमुक्तः। अनोकसारी लघुरल्पचार; श्चरन्देशानेकचरः स भिक्षुः ॥०१-८६-५॥
A mendicant is one who does not live by skilled crafts, who is always without a house; who has mastered his senses and is fully liberated everywhere. He is unattached to any dwelling, moves lightly and sparingly, wanders, and roams through many regions. (01-86-5)
रात्र्या यया चाभिजिताश्च लोका; भवन्ति कामा विजिताः सुखाश्च। तामेव रात्रिं प्रयतेत विद्वा; नरण्यसंस्थो भवितुं यतात्मा ॥०१-८६-६॥
The wise man, self-restrained and living in the forest, should strive for that very night (spiritual discipline) by which worlds are conquered, desires and pleasures are subdued, and happiness arises. (01-86-6)
दशैव पूर्वान्दश चापरांस्तु; ज्ञातीन्सहात्मानमथैकविंशम्। अरण्यवासी सुकृते दधाति; विमुच्यारण्ये स्वशरीरधातून् ॥०१-८६-७॥
The forest-dweller, having already offered ten former and ten latter relatives along with himself, thus making twenty-one, ultimately renounces the elements of his own body in the forest for the sake of merit. (01-86-7)
अष्टक उवाच॥
Aṣṭaka said.
कति स्विदेव मुनयो मौनानि कति चाप्युत। भवन्तीति तदाचक्ष्व श्रोतुमिच्छामहे वयम् ॥०१-८६-८॥
How many kinds of silence do sages observe, and how many are there? Please declare that to us, for we wish to hear. (01-86-8)
ययातिरुवाच॥
King Yayāti said.
अरण्ये वसतो यस्य ग्रामो भवति पृष्ठतः। ग्रामे वा वसतोऽरण्यं स मुनिः स्याज्जनाधिप ॥०१-८६-९॥
One for whom, dwelling in the forest, the village lies behind, or dwelling in the village, the forest lies behind—that person may be either a sage or a ruler of people. (01-86-9)
अष्टक उवाच॥
Aṣṭaka said.
कथं स्विद्वसतोऽरण्ये ग्रामो भवति पृष्ठतः। ग्रामे वा वसतोऽरण्यं कथं भवति पृष्ठतः ॥०१-८६-१०॥
How can the village be behind for someone dwelling in the forest? Or, when dwelling in the village, how can the forest be behind? (01-86-10)
ययातिरुवाच॥
King Yayati said.
न ग्राम्यमुपयुञ्जीत य आरण्यो मुनिर्भवेत्। तथास्य वसतोऽरण्ये ग्रामो भवति पृष्ठतः ॥०१-८६-११॥
One who is to be a sage living in the forest should not make use of anything associated with the town. Thus, for him living in the forest, the village remains behind. (01-86-11)
अनग्निरनिकेतश्च अगोत्रचरणो मुनिः। कौपीनाच्छादनं यावत्तावदिच्छेच्च चीवरम् ॥०१-८६-१२॥
The sage who keeps no sacred fire, has no fixed dwelling, who wanders without family ties—so long as he wears only a loincloth, may wish for a robe. (01-86-12)
यावत्प्राणाभिसन्धानं तावदिच्छेच्च भोजनम्। तथास्य वसतो ग्रामेऽरण्यं भवति पृष्ठतः ॥०१-८६-१३॥
As long as one is intent on sustaining life, so long should one desire food; likewise, for one residing in the village, the forest remains behind. (01-86-13)
यस्तु कामान्परित्यज्य त्यक्तकर्मा जितेन्द्रियः। आतिष्ठेत मुनिर्मौनं स लोके सिद्धिमाप्नुयात् ॥०१-८६-१४॥
But he who, having abandoned desires, has renounced actions and controlled his senses, the sage who observes silence—he attains perfection in this world. (01-86-14)
धौतदन्तं कृत्तनखं सदा स्नातमलङ्कृतम्। असितं सितकर्मस्थं कस्तं नार्चितुमर्हति ॥०१-८६-१५॥
Who does not deserve to worship him who has cleansed teeth, trimmed nails, is always bathed and adorned, is black in color, and engaged in pure deeds? (01-86-15)
तपसा कर्शितः क्षामः क्षीणमांसास्थिशोणितः। यदा भवति निर्द्वन्द्वो मुनिर्मौनं समास्थितः ॥०१-८६-१६॥
When, by austerity, the sage becomes emaciated, lean, with flesh, bones, and blood diminished, and is freed from dualities, he attains silence. (01-86-16)
अथ लोकमिमं जित्वा लोकं विजयते परम् ॥०१-८६-१६॥
Now, after conquering this world, he attains victory over the higher world. (01-86-16)
आस्येन तु यदाहारं गोवन्मृगयते मुनिः। अथास्य लोकः पूर्वो यः सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥०१-८६-१७॥
But the food which the sage seeks by the mouth, the former world of his becomes fit for immortality. (01-86-17)
