05.075
भगवानुवाच॥
bhagavānuvāca॥
[भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Blessed One; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
The Blessed Lord said:
भावं जिज्ञासमानोऽहं प्रणयादिदमब्रुवम्। न चाक्षेपान्न पाण्डित्यान्न क्रोधान्न विवक्षया ॥५-७५-१॥
bhāvaṁ jijñāsamānō’haṁ praṇayādidamabruvam। na cākṣēpānna pāṇḍityānna krōdhānna vivakṣayā ॥5-75-1॥
[भावं (bhāvaṁ) - your state of mind; जिज्ञासमानः (jijñāsamānaḥ) - wishing to know; अहम् (aham) - I; प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - out of affection; इदम् (idam) - this; अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - said; न च (na ca) - and not; आक्षेपात् (ākṣēpāt) - out of reproach; न (na) - not; पाण्डित्यāt (pāṇḍityaāt) - out of learned pride; न (na) - not; क्रोधात् (krōdhāt) - out of anger; न (na) - not; विवक्षया (vivakṣayā) - with the intent to censure;]
Wishing to know your state of mind, I said this out of affection— not from reproach, nor from learned pride, nor from anger, nor with intent to censure. (5-75-1)
वेदाहं तव माहात्म्यमुत ते वेद यद्बलम्। उत ते वेद कर्माणि न त्वां परिभवाम्यहम् ॥५-७५-२॥
vēdāhaṁ tava māhātmyamuta tē vēda yadbalam। uta tē vēda karmāṇi na tvāṁ paribhavāmyaham ॥5-75-2॥
[वेद (vēda) - I know; अहम् (aham) - I; तव (tava) - your; माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness; उत (uta) - and; ते (tē) - your; वेद (vēda) - I know; यत् (yat) - what; बलम् (balam) - strength; उत (uta) - and; ते (tē) - your; वेद (vēda) - I know; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - deeds; न (na) - not; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; परिभवामि (paribhavāmi) - do I look down upon; अहम् (aham) - I;]
I know your greatness, and I know your strength and your deeds as well. I do not look down upon you. (5-75-2)
यथा चात्मनि कल्याणं सम्भावयसि पाण्डव। सहस्रगुणमप्येतत्त्वयि सम्भावयाम्यहम् ॥५-७५-३॥
yathā cātmani kalyāṇaṁ sambhāvayasi pāṇḍava। sahasraguṇamapyētattvayi sambhāvayāmyaham ॥5-75-3॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; च (ca) - and; आत्मनि (ātmani) - in yourself; कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - goodness; सम्भावयसि (sambhāvayasi) - you regard; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava; सहस्रगुणम् (sahasraguṇam) - a thousandfold; अपि (api) - even; एतत् (ētat) - this; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; सम्भावयामि (sambhāvayāmi) - I regard; अहम् (aham) - I;]
O Pāṇḍava, just as you think well of yourself, so I regard you with this goodness a thousandfold more. (5-75-3)
यादृशे च कुले जन्म सर्वराजाभिपूजिते। बन्धुभिश्च सुहृद्भिश्च भीम त्वमसि तादृशः ॥५-७५-४॥
yādr̥śē ca kulē janma sarvarājābhipūjitē। bandhubhiśca suhr̥dbhiśca bhīma tvamasi tādr̥śaḥ ॥5-75-4॥
[यादृशे (yādr̥śē) - of the kind; च (ca) - and; कुले (kulē) - family; जन्म (janma) - birth; सर्वराजाभिपूजिते (sarvarājābhipūjitē) - honored by all kings; बन्धुभिः (bandhubhiḥ) - by relatives; च (ca) - and; सुहृद्भिः (suhr̥dbhiḥ) - by friends; च (ca) - and; भीम (bhīma) - Bhima; त्वम् (tvam) - you; असि (asi) - are; तादृशः (tādr̥śaḥ) - of that kind;]
And Bhima, you are of such a kind—born in a family honored by all kings, and regarded so by both relatives and friends. (5-75-4)
जिज्ञासन्तो हि धर्मस्य संदिग्धस्य वृकोदर। पर्यायं न व्यवस्यन्ति दैवमानुषयोर्जनाः ॥५-७५-५॥
jijñāsantō hi dharmasya saṁdigdhasya vr̥kōdara। paryāyaṁ na vyavasyanti daivamānuṣayōrjanāḥ ॥5-75-5॥
[जिज्ञासन्तः (jijñāsantaḥ) - those inquiring; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - about dharma; संदिग्धस्य (saṁdigdhasya) - when in doubt; वृकोदर (vr̥kōdara) - Vṛkodara; पर्यायं (paryāyaṁ) - the distinction; न (na) - not; व्यवस्यन्ति (vyavasyanti) - determine; दैवमानुषयोः (daivamānuṣayōḥ) - between fate and human effort; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]
Vṛkodara, when people inquire about dharma in cases of doubt, they do not determine the distinction between fate and human effort. (5-75-5)
स एव हेतुर्भूत्वा हि पुरुषस्यार्थसिद्धिषु। विनाशेऽपि स एवास्य संदिग्धं कर्म पौरुषम् ॥५-७५-६॥
sa ēva hēturbhūtvā hi puruṣasyārthasiddhiṣu। vināśē’pi sa ēvāsya saṁdigdhaṁ karma pauruṣam ॥5-75-6॥
[सः एव (saḥ ēva) - that same; हेतुः भूत्वा (hētuḥ bhūtvā) - having become the cause; हि (hi) - indeed; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person; अर्थसिद्धिषु (arthasiddhiṣu) - in the accomplishment of objectives; विनाशे अपि (vināśē api) - even in destruction; सः एव (saḥ ēva) - that same; अस्य (asya) - of him; संदिग्धं (saṁdigdhaṁ) - uncertain; कर्म (karma) - action; पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - effort;]
That same factor is indeed the cause of a person's achievement of goals; even in his ruin, it is that same element—his ambiguous action and effort. (5-75-6)
अन्यथा परिदृष्टानि कविभिर्दोषदर्शिभिः। अन्यथा परिवर्तन्ते वेगा इव नभस्वतः ॥५-७५-७॥
anyathā paridr̥ṣṭāni kavibhirdōṣadarśibhiḥ। anyathā parivartantē vēgā iva nabhasvataḥ ॥5-75-7॥
[अन्यथा (anyathā) - differently; परिदृष्टानि (paridr̥ṣṭāni) - perceived; कविभिः (kavibhiḥ) - by wise observers; दोषदर्शिभिः (dōṣadarśibhiḥ) - by those who see faults; अन्यथा (anyathā) - differently; परिवर्तन्ते (parivartantē) - they turn out; वेगा (vēgā) - currents; इव (iva) - like; नभस्वतः (nabhasvataḥ) - of the wind;]
Things perceived in one way by wise and fault-seeing people turn out differently, like the currents of the wind. (5-75-7)
सुमन्त्रितं सुनीतं च न्यायतश्चोपपादितम्। कृतं मानुष्यकं कर्म दैवेनापि विरुध्यते ॥५-७५-८॥
sumantritaṁ sunītaṁ ca nyāyataścōpapāditam। kr̥taṁ mānuṣyakaṁ karma daivēnāpi virudhyatē ॥5-75-8॥
[सुमन्त्रितम् (sumantritam) - well deliberated; सुनीतं (sunītaṁ) - well conducted; च (ca) - and; न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - in accordance with justice; च (ca) - and; उपपादितम् (upapāditam) - properly accomplished; कृतम् (kr̥tam) - an action done; मानुष्यकं (mānuṣyakaṁ) - by human beings; कर्म (karma) - deed; दैवेन (daivēna) - by fate; अपि (api) - even; विरुध्यते (virudhyatē) - is opposed;]
Even an action that is well deliberated, well conducted, properly accomplished, lawful, and performed by people is sometimes thwarted by fate. (5-75-8)
दैवमप्यकृतं कर्म पौरुषेण विहन्यते। शीतमुष्णं तथा वर्षं क्षुत्पिपासे च भारत ॥५-७५-९॥
daivamapyakr̥taṁ karma pauruṣēṇa vihanyatē। śītamuṣṇaṁ tathā varṣaṁ kṣutpipāsē ca bhārata ॥5-75-9॥
[दैवम् (daivam) - fate; अपि (api) - even; अकृतम् (akr̥tam) - what has not been done; कर्म (karma) - by fate; पौरुषेण (pauruṣēṇa) - by human effort; विहन्यते (vihanyatē) - is overcome; शीतम् (śītam) - cold; उष्णम् (uṣṇam) - heat; तथा (tathā) - and also; वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain; क्षुत् (kṣut) - hunger; पिपासे (pipāsē) - thirst; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]
Even what fate has not accomplished can be overcome by human effort; cold, heat, and rain, hunger and thirst too, O Bhārata. (5-75-9)
यदन्यद्दिष्टभावस्य पुरुषस्य स्वयङ्कृतम्। तस्मादनवरोधश्च विद्यते तत्र लक्षणम् ॥५-७५-१०॥
yadanyaddiṣṭabhāvasya puruṣasya svayaṅkr̥tam। tasmādanavarōdhaśca vidyatē tatra lakṣaṇam ॥5-75-10॥
[यत् अन्यत् दिष्टभावस्य (yat anyat diṣṭabhāvasya) - whatever else, apart from what is determined by fate; पुरुषस्य स्वयम् कृतम् (puruṣasya svayam kr̥tam) - done by a person himself; तस्मात् अनवरोधः च (tasmāt anavarōdhaḥ ca) - therefore, there is no restriction; विद्यते तत्र लक्षणम् (vidyatē tatra lakṣaṇam) - there is a characteristic in that regard;]
Whatever else, beyond what is set by fate, a person accomplishes by his own effort—there, no restriction exists; that is the mark in this matter. (5-75-10)
लोकस्य नान्यतो वृत्तिः पाण्डवान्यत्र कर्मणः। एवम्बुद्धिः प्रवर्तेत फलं स्यादुभयान्वयात् ॥५-७५-११॥
lōkasya nānyatō vr̥ttiḥ pāṇḍavānyatra karmaṇaḥ। ēvambuddhiḥ pravartēta phalaṁ syādubhayānvayāt ॥5-75-11॥
[लोकस्य (lōkasya) - for people; न (na) - not; अन्यतः (anyataḥ) - from any other source; वृत्तिः (vr̥ttiḥ) - livelihood; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - apart from; कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - action; एवम् (ēvam) - thus; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - understanding; प्रवर्तेत (pravartēta) - should proceed; फलं (phalaṁ) - the result; स्यात् (syāt) - would arise; उभय-अन्वयात् (ubhaya-anvayāt) - from both associations;]
O Pāṇḍava, for people, there is no livelihood from any source other than action. With this understanding, one should proceed; thus, the result would arise from both associations. (5-75-11)
य एवं कृतबुद्धिः सन्कर्मस्वेव प्रवर्तते। नासिद्धौ व्यथते तस्य न सिद्धौ हर्षमश्नुते ॥५-७५-१२॥
ya ēvaṁ kr̥tabuddhiḥ sankarmasvēva pravartatē। nāsiddhau vyathatē tasya na siddhau harṣamaśnutē ॥5-75-12॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; एवम् (ēvam) - thus; कृतबुद्धिः (kr̥tabuddhiḥ) - of fixed understanding; सन् (san) - being; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions; एव (ēva) - indeed; प्रवर्तते (pravartatē) - acts; न (na) - not; असिद्धौ (asiddhau) - in failure; व्यथते (vyathatē) - is disturbed; तस्य (tasya) - for him; न (na) - not; सिद्धौ (siddhau) - in success; हर्षम् (harṣam) - delight; अश्नुते (aśnutē) - experiences;]
One whose understanding is thus fixed, who acts only in accordance with duty—in failure he is not disturbed, and in success he does not experience delight. (5-75-12)
तत्रेयमर्थमात्रा मे भीमसेन विवक्षिता। नैकान्तसिद्धिर्मन्तव्या कुरुभिः सह संयुगे ॥५-७५-१३॥
tatrēyamarthamātrā mē bhīmasēna vivakṣitā। naikāntasiddhirmantavyā kurubhiḥ saha saṁyugē ॥5-75-13॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; इयम् (iyam) - this; अर्थमात्रा (arthamātrā) - bare meaning; मे (mē) - my; भीमसेन (bhīmasēna) - Bhīmasena; विवक्षिता (vivakṣitā) - is intended to be stated; न (na) - not; एकान्तसिद्धिः (ēkāntasiddhiḥ) - certain success; मन्तव्या (mantavyā) - should be supposed; कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - by the Kauravas; सह (saha) - with; संयुगे (saṁyugē) - in battle;]
There, Bhīmasena, I only mean to say this: one should not assume certain success in battle with the Kauravas. (5-75-13)
नातिप्रणीतरश्मिः स्यात्तथा भवति पर्यये। विषादमर्छेद्ग्लानिं वा एतदर्थं ब्रवीमि ते ॥५-७५-१४॥
nātipraṇītaraśmiḥ syāttathā bhavati paryayē। viṣādamarchēdglāniṁ vā ētadarthaṁ bravīmi tē ॥5-75-14॥
[न (na) - not; अतिप्रणीतरश्मिः (atipraṇītaraśmiḥ) - one who drives the reins too forcefully; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; तथा (tathā) - thus; भवति (bhavati) - it happens; पर्यये (paryayē) - at another time; विषादम् (viṣādam) - dejection; अर्चेत् (arcēt) - would reach; ग्लानिं (glāniṁ) - weakness; वा (vā) - or; एतदर्थम् (ētadartham) - for this reason; ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say; ते (tē) - to you;]
One should not drive the reins too forcefully; otherwise, at another time, one would fall into dejection or weakness. I tell you this for that reason. (5-75-14)
श्वोभूते धृतराष्ट्रस्य समीपं प्राप्य पाण्डव। यतिष्ये प्रशमं कर्तुं युष्मदर्थमहापयन् ॥५-७५-१५॥
śvōbhūtē dhr̥tarāṣṭrasya samīpaṁ prāpya pāṇḍava। yatiṣyē praśamaṁ kartuṁ yuṣmadarthamahāpayan ॥5-75-15॥
[श्वोभूते (śvōbhūtē) - when tomorrow comes; धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhr̥tarāṣṭrasya) - to Dhritarashtra; समीपं (samīpaṁ) - into the presence; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pandava; यतिष्ये (yatiṣyē) - I will strive; प्रशमं (praśamaṁ) - for peace; कर्तुं (kartuṁ) - to bring about; युष्मदर्थम् (yuṣmadartham) - for your sake; अहापयन् (ahāpayan) - risking everything;]
O Pandava, when tomorrow comes, I will go to Dhritarashtra and strive to make peace for your sake, risking everything. (5-75-15)
शमं चेत्ते करिष्यन्ति ततोऽनन्तं यशो मम। भवतां च कृतः कामस्तेषां च श्रेय उत्तमम् ॥५-७५-१६॥
śamaṁ cēttē kariṣyanti tatō’nantaṁ yaśō mama। bhavatāṁ ca kr̥taḥ kāmastēṣāṁ ca śrēya uttamam ॥5-75-16॥
[शमं चेत् ते करिष्यन्ति (śamaṁ cēt tē kariṣyanti) - if they bring about peace; ततः अनन्तं यशः मम (tataḥ anantaṁ yaśaḥ mama) - then my fame will be endless; भवतां च कृतः कामः (bhavatāṁ ca kr̥taḥ kāmaḥ) - your wish will be fulfilled; तेषां च श्रेयः उत्तमम् (tēṣāṁ ca śrēyaḥ uttamam) - and their greatest good;]
If they establish peace, then my glory will be endless, your desires will be fulfilled, and the highest good will come to them as well. (5-75-16)
ते चेदभिनिवेक्ष्यन्ति नाभ्युपैष्यन्ति मे वचः। कुरवो युद्धमेवात्र रौद्रं कर्म भविष्यति ॥५-७५-१७॥
tē cēdabhinivēkṣyanti nābhyupaiṣyanti mē vacaḥ। kuravō yuddhamēvātra raudraṁ karma bhaviṣyati ॥5-75-17॥
[ते (tē) - they; चेत् (cēt) - if; अभिनिवेक्ष्यन्ति (abhinivēkṣyanti) - are intent (on war); न (na) - not; अभ्युपैष्यन्ति (abhyupaiṣyanti) - will accept; मे (mē) - my; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; एव (ēva) - only; अत्र (atra) - here; रौद्रं (raudraṁ) - fierce; कर्म (karma) - deed; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - there will be;]
But if they are intent on war and do not accept my words, then the Kurus—here there will be only a fierce battle. (5-75-17)
अस्मिन्युद्धे भीमसेन त्वयि भारः समाहितः। धूरर्जुनेन धार्या स्याद्वोढव्य इतरो जनः ॥५-७५-१८॥
asminyuddhē bhīmasēna tvayi bhāraḥ samāhitaḥ। dhūrarjunēna dhāryā syādvōḍhavya itarō janaḥ ॥5-75-18॥
[अस्मिन् युद्धे (asmin yuddhē) - in this battle; भीमसेन (bhīmasēna) - Bhimasena; त्वयि (tvayi) - on you; भारः (bhāraḥ) - the main burden; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - is placed; धूर् अर्जुनेन धार्या (dhūr arjunēna dhāryā) - the yoke should be borne by Arjuna; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; वोढव्यः (vōḍhavyaḥ) - to be carried; इतरः जनः (itaraḥ janaḥ) - the others;]
In this battle, Bhimasena, the main burden is placed on you; the yoke should be borne by Arjuna, and the others are to be carried along. (5-75-18)
अहं हि यन्ता बीभत्सोर्भविता संयुगे सति। धनञ्जयस्यैष कामो न हि युद्धं न कामये ॥५-७५-१९॥
ahaṁ hi yantā bībhatsōrbhavitā saṁyugē sati। dhanañjayasyaiṣa kāmō na hi yuddhaṁ na kāmayē ॥5-75-19॥
[अहं (ahaṁ) - I; हि (hi) - indeed; यन्ता (yantā) - the charioteer; बीभत्सोः (bībhatsōḥ) - for Bhīmasena; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; संयुगे (saṁyugē) - in battle; सति (sati) - if it happens; धनञ्जयस्य (dhanañjayasya) - of Dhanañjaya (Arjuna); एष (ēṣa) - this; कामः (kāmaḥ) - wish; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; न (na) - not; कामये (kāmayē) - I desire;]
Indeed, I will be Bhīmasena's charioteer in battle if it comes to that. This is Dhanañjaya's wish, for I do not desire the battle. (5-75-19)
तस्मादाशङ्कमानोऽहं वृकोदर मतिं तव। तुदन्नक्लीबया वाचा तेजस्ते समदीपयम् ॥५-७५-२०॥
tasmādāśaṅkamānō’haṁ vr̥kōdara matiṁ tava। tudannaklībayā vācā tējastē samadīpayam ॥5-75-20॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; आशङ्कमानः (āśaṅkamānaḥ) - suspecting; अहम् (aham) - I; वृकोदर (vr̥kōdara) - Vṛkodara; मतिम् (matim) - the intent; तव (tava) - of yours; तुदन् (tudan) - urging; अक्लीबया वाचा (aklībayā vācā) - with vigorous words; ते (tē) - your; तेजः (tējaḥ) - spirit; समदीपयम् (samadīpayam) - I further kindled;]
Therefore, Vṛkodara, suspecting your intent, I urged and spurred your spirit further with vigorous words. (5-75-20)