05.077
भगवानुवाच॥
bhagavānuvāca॥
[भगवान् (bhagavān) - the Blessed Lord; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
The Blessed Lord said:
एवमेतन्महाबाहो यथा वदसि पाण्डव। सर्वं त्विदं समायत्तं बीभत्सो कर्मणोर्द्वयोः ॥५-७७-१॥
ēvamētanmahābāhō yathā vadasi pāṇḍava। sarvaṁ tvidaṁ samāyattaṁ bībhatsō karmaṇōrdvayōḥ ॥5-77-1॥
[एवम् (ēvam) - thus; एतत् (ētat) - this; महाबाहो (mahābāhō) - mighty-armed; यथा (yathā) - as; वदसि (vadasi) - you say; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; त्विदम् (tvidam) - this indeed; समायत्तम् (samāyattam) - dependent; बीभत्सो (bībhatsō) - O Bhīma; कर्मणोः (karmaṇōḥ) - on two actions; द्वयोः (dvayōḥ) - both;]
It is just as you say, O mighty-armed Pāṇḍava; all this indeed depends on these two actions, O Bhīma. (5-77-1)
क्षेत्रं हि रसवच्छुद्धं कर्षकेणोपपादितम्। ऋते वर्षं न कौन्तेय जातु निर्वर्तयेत्फलम् ॥५-७७-२॥
kṣētraṁ hi rasavacchuddhaṁ karṣakēṇōpapāditam। r̥tē varṣaṁ na kauntēya jātu nirvartayētphalam ॥5-77-2॥
[क्षेत्रं (kṣētraṁ) - a field; हि (hi) - indeed; रसवत् (rasavat) - fertile; शुद्धं (śuddhaṁ) - well-cleared; कर्षकेण (karṣakēṇa) - by the farmer; उपपादितम् (upapāditam) - prepared; ऋते (r̥tē) - without; वर्षं (varṣaṁ) - rain; न (na) - not; कौन्तेय (kauntēya) - O son of Kunti; जातु (jātu) - ever; निर्वर्तयेत् (nirvartayēt) - would produce; फलम् (phalam) - a crop;]
O son of Kunti, even a fertile, well-cleared field prepared by the farmer will never yield a crop without rain. (5-77-2)
तत्र वै पौरुषं ब्रूयुरासेकं यत्नकारितम्। तत्र चापि ध्रुवं पश्येच्छोषणं दैवकारितम् ॥५-७७-३॥
tatra vai pauruṣaṁ brūyurāsēkaṁ yatnakāritam। tatra cāpi dhruvaṁ paśyēcchōṣaṇaṁ daivakāritam ॥5-77-3॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; वै (vai) - indeed; पौरुषं (pauruṣaṁ) - human effort; ब्रूयुः (brūyuḥ) - they would say; आसेकं (āsēkaṁ) - watering; यत्नकारितम् (yatnakāritam) - brought about by exertion; तत्र (tatra) - there; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; ध्रुवं (dhruvaṁ) - certainly; पश्येत् (paśyēt) - one would see; शोषणं (śōṣaṇaṁ) - drought; दैवकारितम् (daivakāritam) - caused by fate;]
There, they would attribute the act of watering to human effort, brought about by exertion; but there too one would certainly see drought as something caused by fate. (5-77-3)
तदिदं निश्चितं बुद्ध्या पूर्वैरपि महात्मभिः। दैवे च मानुषे चैव संयुक्तं लोककारणम् ॥५-७७-४॥
tadidaṁ niścitaṁ buddhyā pūrvairapi mahātmabhiḥ। daivē ca mānuṣē caiva saṁyuktaṁ lōkakāraṇam ॥5-77-4॥
[तत् (tat) - that; इदं (idaṁ) - this; निश्चितं (niścitaṁ) - is concluded; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by reasoning; पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by the ancients; अपि (api) - also; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - great souls; दैवे (daivē) - in fate; च (ca) - and; मानुषे (mānuṣē) - in human effort; च (ca) - and; एव (ēva) - also; संयुक्तं (saṁyuktaṁ) - joined together; लोककारणम् (lōkakāraṇam) - the cause of all events;]
This has been determined by the wise of old through reasoning—that the cause of events in the world is a combination of fate and human effort. (5-77-4)
अहं हि तत्करिष्यामि परं पुरुषकारतः। दैवं तु न मया शक्यं कर्म कर्तुं कथञ्चन ॥५-७७-५॥
ahaṁ hi tatkariṣyāmi paraṁ puruṣakārataḥ। daivaṁ tu na mayā śakyaṁ karma kartuṁ kathañcana ॥5-77-5॥
[अहम् (aham) - I; हि (hi) - indeed; तत् (tat) - that; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - will do; परम् (param) - supremely; पुरुषकारतः (puruṣakārataḥ) - through my own effort; दैवम् (daivam) - what is due to fate; तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; मया (mayā) - by me; शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible; कर्म (karma) - action; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to perform; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way;]
Indeed, I will do that to the best of my own ability, but I cannot in any way perform the actions that belong to fate. (5-77-5)
स हि धर्मं च सत्यं च त्यक्त्वा चरति दुर्मतिः। न हि सन्तप्यते तेन तथारूपेण कर्मणा ॥५-७७-६॥
sa hi dharmaṁ ca satyaṁ ca tyaktvā carati durmatiḥ। na hi santapyatē tēna tathārūpēṇa karmaṇā ॥5-77-6॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मं (dharmaṁ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; सत्यं (satyaṁ) - truth; च (ca) - and; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - abandoning; चरति (carati) - acts; दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - that ill-minded one; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; सन्तप्यते (santapyatē) - is troubled; तेन (tēna) - by that; तथारूपेण (tathārūpēṇa) - of such a kind; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - action;]
For, having abandoned righteousness and truth, that wicked-minded man acts, and he is not troubled at all by such actions. (5-77-6)
तां चापि बुद्धिं पापिष्ठां वर्धयन्त्यस्य मन्त्रिणः। शकुनिः सूतपुत्रश्च भ्राता दुःशासनस्तथा ॥५-७७-७॥
tāṁ cāpi buddhiṁ pāpiṣṭhāṁ vardhayantyasya mantriṇaḥ। śakuniḥ sūtaputraśca bhrātā duḥśāsanastathā ॥5-77-7॥
[ताम् (tām) - that; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; बुद्धिं (buddhiṁ) - understanding; पापिष्ठाम् (pāpiṣṭhām) - most wicked; वर्धयन्ति (vardhayanti) - encourage; अस्य (asya) - his; मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - advisors; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni; सूतपुत्रश्च (sūtaputraśca) - and the son of the charioteer; भ्राता (bhrātā) - the brother; दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana; तथा (tathā) - as well;]
And his advisors, Śakuni, the son of the charioteer, his brother Duḥśāsana as well, all encourage that most wicked understanding of his. (5-77-7)
स हि त्यागेन राज्यस्य न शमं समुपेष्यति। अन्तरेण वधात्पार्थ सानुबन्धः सुयोधनः ॥५-७७-८॥
sa hi tyāgēna rājyasya na śamaṁ samupēṣyati। antarēṇa vadhātpārtha sānubandhaḥ suyōdhanaḥ ॥5-77-8॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; हि (hi) - indeed; त्यागेन (tyāgēna) - by relinquishing; राज्यस्य (rājyasya) - the kingdom; न (na) - not; शमम् (śamam) - peace; समुपेष्यति (samupēṣyati) - will attain; अन्तरेण (antarēṇa) - without; वधात् (vadhāt) - the destruction; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; स (sa) - he; अनुबन्धः (anubandhaḥ) - along with his supporters; सुयोधनः (suyōdhanaḥ) - Suyodhana;]
For he indeed, O Pārtha, will not find peace by relinquishing the kingdom; Suyodhana, along with his supporters, must be destroyed. (5-77-8)
न चापि प्रणिपातेन त्यक्तुमिच्छति धर्मराट्। याच्यमानस्तु राज्यं स न प्रदास्यति दुर्मतिः ॥५-७७-९॥
na cāpi praṇipātēna tyaktumicchati dharmarāṭ। yācyamānastu rājyaṁ sa na pradāsyati durmatiḥ ॥5-77-9॥
[न (na) - nor; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; प्रणिपातेन (praṇipātēna) - by supplication; त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum) - to give up; इच्छति (icchati) - he wishes; धर्मराट् (dharmarāṭ) - Dharmaraja; याच्यमानः (yācyamānaḥ) - being requested; तु (tu) - but; राज्यम् (rājyam) - the kingdom; स (sa) - he; न (na) - not; प्रदास्यति (pradāsyati) - will give; दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - that wicked-minded one;]
And Dharmaraja does not wish to give it up even when supplicated, but that wicked-minded one, even when entreated, will not surrender the kingdom. (5-77-9)
न तु मन्ये स तद्वाच्यो यद्युधिष्ठिरशासनम्। उक्तं प्रयोजनं तत्र धर्मराजेन भारत ॥५-७७-१०॥
na tu manyē sa tadvācyō yadyudhiṣṭhiraśāsanam। uktaṁ prayōjanaṁ tatra dharmarājēna bhārata ॥5-77-10॥
[न (na) - but not; तु (tu) - however; मन्ये (manyē) - I think; सः (saḥ) - he; तत् (tat) - that; वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - is to be told; यत् (yat) - because; युधिष्ठिर-शासनम् (yudhiṣṭhira-śāsanam) - Yudhishthira's command; उक्तं (uktaṁ) - was spoken; प्रयोजनं (prayōjanaṁ) - the purpose; तत्र (tatra) - there; धर्म-राजेन (dharma-rājēna) - by Dharmaraja; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata;]
However, I do not think he should be told that, since Yudhishthira's purpose has already been stated there, O Bharata. (5-77-10)
तथा पापस्तु तत्सर्वं न करिष्यति कौरवः। तस्मिंश्चाक्रियमाणेऽसौ लोकवध्यो भविष्यति ॥५-७७-११॥
tathā pāpastu tatsarvaṁ na kariṣyati kauravaḥ। tasmiṁścākriyamāṇē’sau lōkavadhyō bhaviṣyati ॥5-77-11॥
[तथा (tathā) - likewise; पापः (pāpaḥ) - the sinful one; तु (tu) - however; तत् सर्वम् (tat sarvam) - all that; न करिष्यति (na kariṣyati) - will not do; कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - the Kaurava; तस्मिन् च (tasmin ca) - and if he; अक्रियमाणे (akriyamāṇē) - does not do it; असौ (asau) - he; लोक-वध्यः (lōka-vadhyaḥ) - deserving death in the eyes of the world; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will become;]
Likewise, if that sinful Kaurava does not do all this, he will become deserving of death in the eyes of the world. (5-77-11)
मम चापि स वध्यो वै जगतश्चापि भारत। येन कौमारके यूयं सर्वे विप्रकृतास्तथा ॥५-७७-१२॥
mama cāpi sa vadhyō vai jagataścāpi bhārata। yēna kaumārakē yūyaṁ sarvē viprakr̥tāstathā ॥5-77-12॥
[मम (mama) - of mine; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; सः (saḥ) - he; वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - worthy of punishment; वै (vai) - indeed; जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; येन (yēna) - by whom; कौमारके (kaumārakē) - in your childhood; यूयम् (yūyam) - you all; सर्वे (sarvē) - all; विप्रकृताः (viprakr̥tāḥ) - wronged; तथा (tathā) - thus;]
And O Bhārata, he is surely worthy of punishment both by me and by the world, since it was he who wronged all of you in your childhood in this way. (5-77-12)
विप्रलुप्तं च वो राज्यं नृशंसेन दुरात्मना। न चोपशाम्यते पापः श्रियं दृष्ट्वा युधिष्ठिरे ॥५-७७-१३॥
vipraluptaṁ ca vō rājyaṁ nr̥śaṁsēna durātmanā। na cōpaśāmyatē pāpaḥ śriyaṁ dr̥ṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhirē ॥5-77-13॥
[विप्रलुप्तं (vipraluptaṁ) - robbed; च (ca) - and; वः (vaḥ) - your; राज्यं (rājyaṁ) - kingdom; नृशंसेन (nr̥śaṁsēna) - by the cruel; दुरात्मना (durātmanā) - wicked soul; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; उपशाम्यते (upaśāmyatē) - is restrained; पापः (pāpaḥ) - evil; श्रियं (śriyaṁ) - prosperity; दृष्ट्वा (dr̥ṣṭvā) - on seeing; युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhirē) - in Yudhishthira;]
And your kingdom was snatched away by a cruel, wicked man; nor is his evil restrained when he sees the prosperity in Yudhishthira. (5-77-13)
असकृच्चाप्यहं तेन त्वत्कृते पार्थ भेदितः। न मया तद्गृहीतं च पापं तस्य चिकीर्षितम् ॥५-७७-१४॥
asakr̥ccāpyahaṁ tēna tvatkr̥tē pārtha bhēditaḥ। na mayā tadgr̥hītaṁ ca pāpaṁ tasya cikīrṣitam ॥5-77-14॥
[असकृत् (asakr̥t) - repeatedly; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अहं (ahaṁ) - I; तेन (tēna) - by him; त्वत्कृते (tvatkr̥tē) - for your sake; पार्थ (pārtha) - Pārtha; भेदितः (bhēditaḥ) - wronged; न (na) - not; मया (mayā) - by me; तत् (tat) - that; गृहीतं (gr̥hītaṁ) - accepted; च (ca) - and; पापं (pāpaṁ) - the wrongdoing; तस्य (tasya) - his; चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - intended;]
And repeatedly, Pārtha, I have been wronged by him for your sake, yet I have not accepted that wrongdoing which he intended. (5-77-14)
जानासि हि महाबाहो त्वमप्यस्य परं मतम्। प्रियं चिकीर्षमाणं च धर्मराजस्य मामपि ॥५-७७-१५॥
jānāsi hi mahābāhō tvamapyasya paraṁ matam। priyaṁ cikīrṣamāṇaṁ ca dharmarājasya māmapi ॥5-77-15॥
[जानासि (jānāsi) - you know; हि (hi) - indeed; महाबाहो (mahābāhō) - mighty-armed one; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अपि (api) - also; अस्य (asya) - his; परं (paraṁ) - highest; मतम् (matam) - intention; प्रियं (priyaṁ) - his wish; चिकीर्षमाणं (cikīrṣamāṇaṁ) - wishing to do; च (ca) - and; धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Dharmaraja; माम् (mām) - me; अपि (api) - also;]
You, mighty-armed one, indeed know his innermost intention, as well as the wish he intends, and you know both me and Dharmaraja as well. (5-77-15)
स जानंस्तस्य चात्मानं मम चैव परं मतम्। अजानन्निव चाकस्मादर्जुनाद्याभिशङ्कसे ॥५-७७-१६॥
sa jānaṁstasya cātmānaṁ mama caiva paraṁ matam। ajānanniva cākasmādarjunādyābhiśaṅkasē ॥5-77-16॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; जानन् (jānan) - knowing; तस्य च (tasya ca) - of him and; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the true intent; मम च एव (mama ca ēva) - and mine as well; परम् मतम् (param matam) - supreme judgement; अजानन् इव च (ajānan iva ca) - as if not knowing; आकस्मात् (ākasmāt) - suddenly; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; आद्य (ādya) - O foremost one; अभिशङ्कसे (abhiśaṅkasē) - you suspect;]
He, though knowing the true intent—both his and mine—supreme, still, O Arjuna, suddenly and as if not knowing, you now grow suspicious. (5-77-16)
यच्चापि परमं दिव्यं तच्चाप्यवगतं त्वया। विधानविहितं पार्थ कथं शर्म भवेत्परैः ॥५-७७-१७॥
yaccāpi paramaṁ divyaṁ taccāpyavagataṁ tvayā। vidhānavihitaṁ pārtha kathaṁ śarma bhavētparaiḥ ॥5-77-17॥
[यत् + च + अपि (yat + ca + api) - and also whatever; परमं (paramaṁ) - supreme; दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine; तत् + च + अपि (tat + ca + api) - that too; अवगतं (avagataṁ) - understood; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; विधान-विहितं (vidhāna-vihitaṁ) - ordained by order; पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha; कथम् (katham) - how; शर्म (śarma) - peace; भवेत् (bhavēt) - could there be; परैः (paraiḥ) - from others;]
And even the highest, divine principle has been understood by you, O Pārtha, decreed by order—so how could there be peace from others? (5-77-17)
यत्तु वाचा मया शक्यं कर्मणा चापि पाण्डव। करिष्ये तदहं पार्थ न त्वाशंसे शमं परैः ॥५-७७-१८॥
yattu vācā mayā śakyaṁ karmaṇā cāpi pāṇḍava। kariṣyē tadahaṁ pārtha na tvāśaṁsē śamaṁ paraiḥ ॥5-77-18॥
[यत् (yat) - what; तु (tu) - however; वाचा (vācā) - by words; मया (mayā) - by me; शक्यं (śakyaṁ) - possible; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Pāṇḍava; करिष्ये (kariṣyē) - I will do; तत् (tat) - that; अहं (ahaṁ) - I; पार्थ (pārtha) - Pārtha; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - however; आशंसे (āśaṁsē) - do I expect; शमं (śamaṁ) - peace; परैः (paraiḥ) - from others;]
But whatever is possible for me in word or deed, Pāṇḍava, that I will do, Pārtha; yet I do not expect peace from the others. (5-77-18)
कथं गोहरणे ब्रूयादिच्छञ्शर्म तथाविधम्। याच्यमानोऽपि भीष्मेण संवत्सरगतेऽध्वनि ॥५-७७-१९॥
kathaṁ gōharaṇē brūyādicchañśarma tathāvidham। yācyamānō’pi bhīṣmēṇa saṁvatsaragatē’dhvani ॥5-77-19॥
[कथम् (katham) - how; गोहरणे (gōharaṇē) - at the abduction of the cows; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - could one say; इच्छन् (icchan) - wishing for; शर्म (śarma) - peace; तथा-विधम् (tathā-vidham) - of such a kind; याच्यमानः (yācyamānaḥ) - even when being urged; अपि (api) - even; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmēṇa) - by Bhishma; संवत्सर-गते (saṁvatsara-gatē) - after a year had passed; अध्वनि (adhvani) - on the road;]
How, at the time of the cow abduction, could one who desires such peace say so, even when being urged by Bhishma, after a year had passed, on the road? (5-77-19)
तदैव ते पराभूता यदा सङ्कल्पितास्त्वया। लवशः क्षणशश्चापि न च तुष्टः सुयोधनः ॥५-७७-२०॥
tadaiva tē parābhūtā yadā saṅkalpitāstvayā। lavaśaḥ kṣaṇaśaścāpi na ca tuṣṭaḥ suyōdhanaḥ ॥5-77-20॥
[तदा एव (tadā ēva) - at that very moment; ते (tē) - you; पराभूता (parābhūtā) - were defeated; यदा (yadā) - when; सङ्कल्पिताः (saṅkalpitāḥ) - were decided upon; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; लवशः (lavaśaḥ) - little by little; क्षणशः (kṣaṇaśaḥ) - moment by moment; च अपि (ca api) - and also; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied; सुयोधनः (suyōdhanaḥ) - Suyodhana;]
You were defeated at that very moment when, although you decided upon it yourself, Suyodhana was never satisfied, no matter how much you gave, little by little, moment by moment. (5-77-20)
सर्वथा तु मया कार्यं धर्मराजस्य शासनम्। विभाव्यं तस्य भूयश्च कर्म पापं दुरात्मनः ॥५-७७-२१॥
sarvathā tu mayā kāryaṁ dharmarājasya śāsanam। vibhāvyaṁ tasya bhūyaśca karma pāpaṁ durātmanaḥ ॥5-77-21॥
[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; तु (tu) - but; मया (mayā) - by me; कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - must be done; धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of the righteous king; शासनम् (śāsanam) - the command; विभाव्यं (vibhāvyaṁ) - must be considered; तस्य (tasya) - his; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - further; च (ca) - and; कर्म (karma) - action; पापं (pāpaṁ) - wicked; दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of that evil-souled one;]
But in every way I must obey the command of the righteous king, and once more consider the evil deed of that wicked one. (5-77-21)