05.130
Pancharatra: Through Krishna Kunti advises Yudhisthira to abandon peace and take up weapons, as per Kshatriya's duty.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
प्रविश्याथ गृहं तस्याश्चरणावभिवाद्य च । आचख्यौ तत्समासेन यद्वृत्तं कुरुसंसदि ॥५-१३०-१॥
praviśyātha gṛhaṃ tasyāścaraṇāvabhivādya ca । ācakhyau tatsamāsena yadvṛttaṃ kurusaṃsadi ॥5-130-1॥
[प्रविश्य (praviśya) - entering; अथ (atha) - then; गृहम् (gṛham) - house; तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her; चरणौ (caraṇau) - feet; अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted; च (ca) - and; आचख्यौ (ācakhyau) - he reported; तत् (tat) - that; समासेन (samāsena) - briefly; यत् (yat) - what; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened; कुरु (kuru) - Kuru; संसदि (saṃsadi) - assembly;]
(Entering then the house, having saluted her feet, he reported briefly what happened in the Kuru assembly.)
He entered the house, saluted her feet, and briefly reported what had happened in the Kuru assembly.
वासुदेव उवाच॥
vāsudeva uvāca॥
[वासुदेव (vāsudeva) - Vasudeva; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vasudeva said:)
Vasudeva said:
उक्तं बहुविधं वाक्यं ग्रहणीयं सहेतुकम् । ऋषिभिश्च मया चैव न चासौ तद्गृहीतवान् ॥५-१३०-२॥
uktaṁ bahuvidhaṁ vākyaṁ grahaṇīyaṁ sahetukam । ṛṣibhiśca mayā caiva na cāsau tadgṛhītavān ॥5-130-2॥
[उक्तं (uktaṁ) - spoken; बहुविधं (bahuvidhaṁ) - various; वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - words; ग्रहणीयं (grahaṇīyaṁ) - to be accepted; सहेतुकम् (sahetukam) - with reason; ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages; च (ca) - and; मया (mayā) - by me; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; असौ (asau) - he; तत् (tat) - that; गृहीतवान् (gṛhītavān) - accepted;]
(Spoken various words to be accepted with reason by sages and by me indeed, and he did not accept that.)
Various words were spoken, which were reasonable and should have been accepted by the sages and by me, but he did not accept them.
कालपक्वमिदं सर्वं दुर्योधनवशानुगम् । आपृच्छे भवतीं शीघ्रं प्रयास्ये पाण्डवान्प्रति ॥५-१३०-३॥
kālapakvamidaṃ sarvaṃ duryodhanavaśānugam । āpṛcche bhavatīṃ śīghraṃ prayāsye pāṇḍavānprati ॥5-130-3॥
[कालपक्वम् (kālapakvam) - ripened by time; इदं (idaṃ) - this; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; दुर्योधनवशानुगम् (duryodhanavaśānugam) - under Duryodhana's influence; आपृच्छे (āpṛcche) - I take leave; भवतीं (bhavatīṃ) - from you; शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly; प्रयास्ये (prayāsye) - I will go; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pandavas; प्रति (prati) - towards;]
(This all, ripened by time, is under Duryodhana's influence. I take leave from you quickly to go towards the Pandavas.)
Everything here has matured over time and is now under Duryodhana's control. I must quickly take my leave from you and head towards the Pandavas.
किं वाच्याः पाण्डवेयास्ते भवत्या वचनान्मया । तद्ब्रूहि त्वं महाप्राज्ञे शुश्रूषे वचनं तव ॥५-१३०-४॥
kiṁ vācyāḥ pāṇḍaveyāste bhavatyā vacanānmaya । tadbrūhi tvaṁ mahāprājñe śuśrūṣe vacanaṁ tava ॥5-130-4॥
[किं (kiṁ) - what; वाच्याः (vācyāḥ) - to be told; पाण्डवेयाः (pāṇḍaveyāḥ) - sons of Pandu; ते (te) - they; भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by you; वचनान् (vacanān) - words; मया (mayā) - by me; तत् (tad) - that; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; महाप्राज्ञे (mahāprājñe) - O wise one; शुश्रूषे (śuśrūṣe) - I am ready to hear; वचनं (vacanaṁ) - words; तव (tava) - your;]
(What should the sons of Pandu be told by you through my words? Tell that, O wise one, I am ready to hear your words.)
What should I convey to the sons of Pandu on your behalf? Please tell me, O wise one, I am eager to hear your words.
कुन्त्युवाच॥
kuntyuvāca॥
[कुन्ति (kunti) - Kunti; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Kunti said:)
Kunti said:
ब्रूयाः केशव राजानं धर्मात्मानं युधिष्ठिरम् । भूयांस्ते हीयते धर्मो मा पुत्रक वृथा कृथाः ॥५-१३०-५॥
brūyāḥ keśava rājānaṃ dharmātmānaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram । bhūyāṃste hīyate dharmo mā putraka vṛthā kṛthāḥ ॥5-130-5॥
[ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should tell; केशव (keśava) - Keshava; राजानं (rājānam) - king; धर्मात्मानं (dharmātmānam) - righteous; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira; भूयांस् (bhūyāṃs) - greater; ते (te) - your; हीयते (hīyate) - diminishes; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; मा (mā) - do not; पुत्रक (putraka) - O son; वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain; कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - do.;]
(You should tell Keshava, the righteous king Yudhishthira: "Your dharma diminishes greatly; do not act in vain, O son.")
You should inform Keshava, the righteous king Yudhishthira, that his adherence to dharma is greatly diminishing, and advise him not to act in vain, dear son.
श्रोत्रियस्येव ते राजन्मन्दकस्याविपश्चितः । अनुवाकहता बुद्धिर्धर्ममेवैकमीक्षते ॥५-१३०-६॥
śrotriyasyeva te rājanmandakasyāvipaścitaḥ । anuvākahatā buddhirdharnamevaikamīkṣate ॥5-130-6॥
[श्रोत्रियस्य (śrotriyasya) - of a learned person; इव (iva) - like; ते (te) - your; राजन् (rājan) - O king; मन्दकस्य (mandakasya) - of a dull person; अविपश्चितः (avipaścitaḥ) - unwise; अनुवाकहता (anuvākahatā) - struck by words; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty; एव (eva) - only; एकम् (ekam) - one; ईक्षते (īkṣate) - sees;]
(Like that of a learned person, your intellect, O king, is unwise like that of a dull person, struck by words, sees only one duty.)
O king, your intellect, though appearing learned, is actually unwise like that of a dull person, and it perceives only one aspect of duty, being influenced by mere words.
अङ्गावेक्षस्व धर्मं त्वं यथा सृष्टः स्वयम्भुवा । उरस्तः क्षत्रियः सृष्टो बाहुवीर्योपजीविता ॥ क्रूराय कर्मणे नित्यं प्रजानां परिपालने ॥५-१३०-७॥
aṅgāvekṣasva dharmaṃ tvaṃ yathā sṛṣṭaḥ svayambhuvā । urastaḥ kṣatriyaḥ sṛṣṭo bāhuvīryopajīvitā ॥ krūrāya karmaṇe nityaṃ prajānāṃ paripālane ॥5-130-7॥
[अङ्गावेक्षस्व (aṅgāvekṣasva) - consider; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; यथा (yathā) - as; सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created; स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - by the self-existent; उरस्तः (urastaḥ) - from the chest; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - warrior; सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created; बाहुवीर्योपजीविता (bāhuvīryopajīvitā) - living by the strength of arms; क्रूराय (krūrāya) - for harsh; कर्मणे (karmaṇe) - deeds; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; प्रजानां (prajānāṃ) - of the people; परिपालने (paripālane) - in protection;]
(Consider your duty as you were created by the self-existent. A warrior was created from the chest, living by the strength of arms, for harsh deeds, always in the protection of the people.)
Reflect on your duty as ordained by the Creator. You, a warrior born from the chest, are meant to live by the strength of your arms, engaging in harsh deeds, and always protecting the people.
शृणु चात्रोपमामेकां या वृद्धेभ्यः श्रुता मया । मुचुकुन्दस्य राजर्षेरददात्पृथिवीमिमाम् ॥ पुरा वैश्रवणः प्रीतो न चासौ तां गृहीतवान् ॥५-१३०-८॥
śṛṇu cātro pamām ekāṃ yā vṛddhebhyaḥ śrutā mayā । mucukundasya rājarṣer adadāt pṛthivīm imām ॥ purā vaiśravaṇaḥ prīto na cāsau tāṃ gṛhītavān ॥5-130-8॥
[शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; च (ca) - and; अत्र (atra) - here; उपमाम् (upamām) - analogy; एकाम् (ekām) - one; या (yā) - which; वृद्धेभ्यः (vṛddhebhyaḥ) - from the elders; श्रुता (śrutā) - heard; मया (mayā) - by me; मुचुकुन्दस्य (mucukundasya) - of Mucukunda; राजर्षेः (rājarṣeḥ) - the royal sage; अददात् (adadāt) - gave; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth; इमाम् (imām) - this; पुरा (purā) - formerly; वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaiśravaṇa; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; असौ (asau) - he; ताम् (tām) - that; गृहीतवान् (gṛhītavān) - accepted;]
(Listen here to an analogy, one which I heard from the elders. Vaiśravaṇa, pleased, gave this earth to the royal sage Mucukunda, but he did not accept it.)
Listen to an analogy here, one that I heard from the elders. Long ago, Vaiśravaṇa, being pleased, offered this earth to the royal sage Mucukunda, but he did not accept it.
बाहुवीर्यार्जितं राज्यमश्नीयामिति कामये । ततो वैश्रवणः प्रीतो विस्मितः समपद्यत ॥५-१३०-९॥
bāhuvīryārjitaṃ rājyamaśnīyāmiti kāmaye । tato vaiśravaṇaḥ prīto vismitaḥ samapadyata ॥5-130-9॥
[बाहु (bāhu) - arm; वीर्य (vīrya) - strength; अर्जितं (arjitaṃ) - acquired; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; अश्नीयाम् (aśnīyām) - may enjoy; इति (iti) - thus; कामये (kāmaye) - I desire; ततः (tataḥ) - then; वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaiśravaṇa; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished; समपद्यत (samapadyata) - became;]
(I desire to enjoy the kingdom acquired by the strength of my arms. Then Vaiśravaṇa became pleased and astonished.)
I wish to enjoy the kingdom earned by my own strength. Then Vaiśravaṇa was both pleased and amazed.
मुचुकुन्दस्ततो राजा सोऽन्वशासद्वसुन्धराम् । बाहुवीर्यार्जितां सम्यक्क्षत्रधर्ममनुव्रतः ॥५-१३०-१०॥
mucukundastato rājā so'nvaśāsadvasundharām । bāhuvīryārjitāṃ samyakkṣatradharmanuvrataḥ ॥5-130-10॥
[मुचुकुन्दः (mucukundaḥ) - Muchukunda; ततः (tataḥ) - then; राजा (rājā) - king; सः (saḥ) - he; अन्वशासत् (anvaśāsat) - ruled; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - earth; बाहु (bāhu) - arm; वीर्य (vīrya) - strength; अर्जिताम् (arjitām) - acquired; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; क्षत्र (kṣatra) - warrior; धर्म (dharma) - duty; अनुव्रतः (anuvrataḥ) - devoted to;]
(Then Muchukunda, the king, ruled the earth, acquired by the strength of his arms, properly devoted to the duty of a warrior.)
Then King Muchukunda ruled the earth, which he had acquired through the strength of his arms, faithfully adhering to the duties of a warrior.
यं हि धर्मं चरन्तीह प्रजा राज्ञा सुरक्षिताः । चतुर्थं तस्य धर्मस्य राजा भारत विन्दति ॥५-१३०-११॥
yaṁ hi dharmaṁ carantīha prajā rājñā surakṣitāḥ । caturthaṁ tasya dharmasya rājā bhārata vindati ॥5-130-11॥
[यं (yaṁ) - which; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मं (dharmaṁ) - duty; चरन्ति (caranti) - follow; इह (iha) - here; प्रजा (prajā) - subjects; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; सुरक्षिताः (surakṣitāḥ) - protected; चतुर्थं (caturthaṁ) - fourth; तस्य (tasya) - of that; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - duty; राजा (rājā) - the king; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; विन्दति (vindati) - finds;]
(Indeed, the subjects here, protected by the king, follow the duty which the king, O Bhārata, finds as the fourth of that duty.)
O Bhārata, the subjects here, protected by the king, indeed follow the duty which the king finds to be the fourth aspect of that duty.
राजा चरति चेद्धर्मं देवत्वायैव कल्पते । स चेदधर्मं चरति नरकायैव गच्छति ॥५-१३०-१२॥
rājā carati ceddharmaṃ devatvāyaiva kalpate । sa cedadharmaṃ carati narakāyaiva gacchati ॥5-130-12॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; चरति (carati) - acts; चेत् (cet) - if; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; देवत्वाय (devatvāya) - divinity; एव (eva) - indeed; कल्पते (kalpate) - is destined; सः (saḥ) - he; चेत् (cet) - if; अधर्मं (adharmaṃ) - unrighteousness; चरति (carati) - acts; नरकाय (narakāya) - hell; एव (eva) - indeed; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes;]
(If the king acts in righteousness, he is indeed destined for divinity. If he acts in unrighteousness, he indeed goes to hell.)
A king who follows the path of righteousness is destined for divinity, while one who follows the path of unrighteousness is destined for hell.
दण्डनीतिः स्वधर्मेण चातुर्वर्ण्यं नियच्छति । प्रयुक्ता स्वामिना सम्यगधर्मेभ्यश्च यच्छति ॥५-१३०-१३॥
daṇḍanītiḥ svadharmeṇa cāturvarṇyaṃ niyacchati . prayuktā svāminā samyagadharmebhyaśca yacchati ॥5-130-13॥
[दण्डनीतिः (daṇḍanītiḥ) - policy of punishment; स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own duty; चातुर्वर्ण्यं (cāturvarṇyaṃ) - fourfold caste system; नियच्छति (niyacchati) - controls; प्रयुक्ता (prayuktā) - applied; स्वामिना (svāminā) - by the master; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; अधर्मेभ्यः (adharmebhyaḥ) - from unrighteousness; च (ca) - and; यच्छति (yacchati) - restrains;]
(The policy of punishment controls the fourfold caste system by one's own duty. Applied by the master, it properly restrains from unrighteousness.)
The policy of punishment, when applied by the master, properly controls the fourfold caste system and restrains from unrighteousness.
दण्डनीत्यां यदा राजा सम्यक्कार्त्स्न्येन वर्तते । तदा कृतयुगं नाम कालः श्रेष्ठः प्रवर्तते ॥५-१३०-१४॥
daṇḍanītyāṃ yadā rājā samyakkārtsnyena vartate । tadā kṛtayugaṃ nāma kālaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pravartate ॥5-130-14॥
[दण्डनीत्यां (daṇḍanītyāṃ) - in the science of punishment; यदा (yadā) - when; राजा (rājā) - the king; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely; वर्तते (vartate) - abides; तदा (tadā) - then; कृतयुगं (kṛtayugaṃ) - Krita Yuga; नाम (nāma) - named; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - excellent; प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - prevails;]
(In the science of punishment, when the king abides properly and completely, then the time named Krita Yuga, which is excellent, prevails.)
When the king governs with complete adherence to the principles of justice, it is said that the excellent era known as Krita Yuga prevails.
कालो वा कारणं राज्ञो राजा वा कालकारणम् । इति ते संशयो मा भूद्राजा कालस्य कारणम् ॥५-१३०-१५॥
kālo vā kāraṇaṃ rājño rājā vā kālakāraṇam । iti te saṃśayo mā bhūdrājā kālasya kāraṇam ॥5-130-15॥
[कालः (kālaḥ) - time; वा (vā) - or; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; राजा (rājā) - king; वा (vā) - or; कालकारणम् (kālakāraṇam) - time's cause; इति (iti) - thus; ते (te) - your; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; मा (mā) - not; भूत् (bhūt) - be; राजा (rājā) - king; कालस्य (kālasya) - of time; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause;]
(Time is the cause of the king, or the king is the cause of time. Thus, let there be no doubt for you; the king is the cause of time.)
The king is either the cause of time or time is the cause of the king. Let there be no doubt in your mind; the king is indeed the cause of time.
राजा कृतयुगस्रष्टा त्रेताया द्वापरस्य च । युगस्य च चतुर्थस्य राजा भवति कारणम् ॥५-१३०-१६॥
rājā kṛtayugasraṣṭā tretāyā dvāparasya ca । yugasya ca caturthasya rājā bhavati kāraṇam ॥5-130-16॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; कृतयुगस्रष्टा (kṛtayugasraṣṭā) - creator of the Krita Yuga; त्रेताया (tretāyā) - of the Treta Yuga; द्वापरस्य (dvāparasya) - of the Dvapara Yuga; च (ca) - and; युगस्य (yugasya) - of the Yuga; चतुर्थस्य (caturthasya) - of the fourth; राजा (rājā) - king; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause;]
(The king is the creator of the Krita Yuga, of the Treta Yuga, and of the Dvapara Yuga, and becomes the cause of the fourth Yuga.)
The king, being the creator of the Krita, Treta, and Dvapara Yugas, also becomes the cause of the fourth Yuga.
कृतस्य कारणाद्राजा स्वर्गमत्यन्तमश्नुते । त्रेतायाः कारणाद्राजा स्वर्गं नात्यन्तमश्नुते ॥ प्रवर्तनाद्द्वापरस्य यथाभागमुपाश्नुते ॥५-१३०-१७॥
kṛtasya kāraṇādrājā svargamatyantamaśnute । tretāyāḥ kāraṇādrājā svargaṃ nātyantamaśnute ॥ pravartanāddvāparasya yathābhāgamupāśnute ॥5-130-17॥
[कृतस्य (kṛtasya) - of the Krita Yuga; कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to the cause; राजा (rājā) - the king; स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven; अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - eternally; अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains; त्रेतायाः (tretāyāḥ) - of the Treta Yuga; कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - due to the cause; राजा (rājā) - the king; स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven; न (na) - not; अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - eternally; अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains; प्रवर्तनात् (pravartanāt) - due to the practice; द्वापरस्य (dvāparasya) - of the Dvapara Yuga; यथाभागम् (yathābhāgam) - according to the share; उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains.;]
(Due to the cause of the Krita Yuga, the king attains heaven eternally. Due to the cause of the Treta Yuga, the king does not attain heaven eternally. Due to the practice of the Dvapara Yuga, he attains according to the share.)
Because of the virtues of the Krita Yuga, a king attains eternal heaven. In the Treta Yuga, a king does not attain eternal heaven. In the Dvapara Yuga, he attains heaven according to his share.
ततो वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वतीः समाः । राजदोषेण हि जगत्स्पृश्यते जगतः स च ॥५-१३०-१८॥
tato vasati duṣkarmā narake śāśvatīḥ samāḥ । rājadoṣeṇa hi jagatspṛśyate jagataḥ sa ca ॥5-130-18॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; वसति (vasati) - dwells; दुष्कर्मा (duṣkarmā) - evil-doer; नरके (narake) - in hell; शाश्वतीः (śāśvatīḥ) - eternal; समाः (samāḥ) - years; राजदोषेण (rājadoṣeṇa) - by the king's fault; हि (hi) - indeed; जगत् (jagat) - world; स्पृश्यते (spṛśyate) - is touched; जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and;]
(Then the evil-doer dwells in hell for eternal years. Indeed, by the king's fault, the world is touched, and he of the world.)
Then the evil-doer resides in hell for countless years. It is indeed by the king's fault that the world is affected, and he is part of the world.
राजधर्मानवेक्षस्व पितृपैतामहोचितान् । नैतद्राजर्षिवृत्तं हि यत्र त्वं स्थातुमिच्छसि ॥५-१३०-१९॥
rājadharmānavekṣasva pitṛpaitāmahocitān । naitad rājarṣivṛttaṃ hi yatra tvaṃ sthātum icchasi ॥5-130-19॥
[राजधर्मान् (rājadharmān) - royal duties; अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - consider; पितृ (pitṛ) - of the father; पैतामह (paitāmaha) - ancestral; उचितान् (ucitān) - appropriate; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; राजर्षि (rājarṣi) - royal sage; वृत्तम् (vṛttaṃ) - conduct; हि (hi) - indeed; यत्र (yatra) - where; त्वम् (tvam) - you; स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand; इच्छसि (icchasi) - wish;]
(Consider the royal duties appropriate to the father and ancestors. This is not the conduct of a royal sage where you wish to stand.)
Reflect on the royal duties that are appropriate to your father and ancestors. This is not the conduct of a royal sage, where you wish to position yourself.
न हि वैक्लव्यसंसृष्ट आनृशंस्ये व्यवस्थितः । प्रजापालनसम्भूतं किञ्चित्प्राप फलं नृपः ॥५-१३०-२०॥
na hi vaiklavyasaṁsṛṣṭa ānṛśaṁsye vyavasthitaḥ । prajāpālanasambhūtaṁ kiñcitprāpa phalaṁ nṛpaḥ ॥5-130-20॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; वैक्लव्यसंसृष्ट (vaiklavyasaṁsṛṣṭa) - associated with confusion; आनृशंस्ये (ānṛśaṁsye) - in kindness; व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - situated; प्रजापालनसम्भूतं (prajāpālanasambhūtaṁ) - arising from protecting subjects; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - any; प्राप (prāpa) - obtained; फलं (phalaṁ) - fruit; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king;]
(The king, not associated with confusion, situated in kindness, obtained any fruit arising from protecting subjects.)
The king, who was not confused and was kind, received some benefit from protecting his subjects.
न ह्येतामाशिषं पाण्डुर्न चाहं न पितामहः । प्रयुक्तवन्तः पूर्वं ते यया चरसि मेधया ॥५-१३०-२१॥
na hy etām āśiṣaṃ pāṇḍur na cāhaṃ na pitāmahaḥ । prayuktavantaḥ pūrvaṃ te yayā carasi medhayā ॥5-130-21॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; एताम् (etām) - this; आशिषम् (āśiṣam) - wish; पाण्डुः (pāṇḍuḥ) - Pandu; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; न (na) - not; पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather; प्रयुक्तवन्तः (prayuktavantaḥ) - employed; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; ते (te) - you; यया (yayā) - by which; चरसि (carasi) - you act; मेधया (medhayā) - wisdom;]
(Neither Pandu, nor I, nor the grandfather indeed employed this wish before, by which you act with wisdom.)
Neither Pandu, nor I, nor the grandfather ever made such a wish before, by which you now act with wisdom.
यज्ञो दानं तपः शौर्यं प्रजासन्तानमेव च । माहात्म्यं बलमोजश्च नित्यमाशंसितं मया ॥५-१३०-२२॥
yajño dānaṃ tapaḥ śauryaṃ prajāsantānameva ca । māhātmyaṃ balamojaśca nityamāśaṃsitaṃ mayā ॥5-130-22॥
[यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice; दानम् (dānam) - charity; तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; शौर्यम् (śauryam) - heroism; प्रजासन्तानम् (prajāsantānam) - progeny; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; माहात्म्यम् (māhātmyam) - greatness; बलम् (balam) - strength; ओजः (ojaḥ) - vigor; च (ca) - and; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; आशंसितम् (āśaṃsitam) - desired; मया (mayā) - by me;]
(Sacrifice, charity, austerity, heroism, progeny indeed, and greatness, strength, vigor, and always desired by me.)
Sacrifice, charity, austerity, heroism, progeny, greatness, strength, and vigor are always desired by me.
नित्यं स्वाहा स्वधा नित्यं ददुर्मानुषदेवताः । दीर्घमायुर्धनं पुत्रान्सम्यगाराधिताः शुभाः ॥५-१३०-२३॥
nityaṁ svāhā svadhā nityaṁ dadurmānuṣadevatāḥ । dīrghamāyurdhanaṁ putrānsamyagārādhitāḥ śubhāḥ ॥5-130-23॥
[नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always; स्वाहा (svāhā) - oblations; स्वधा (svadhā) - offerings; नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always; ददुः (daduḥ) - gave; मानुषदेवताः (mānuṣadevatāḥ) - human deities; दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; आराधिताः (ārādhitāḥ) - worshipped; शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious;]
(Always oblations, offerings always gave human deities long life, wealth, sons properly worshipped auspicious.)
The human deities, when properly worshipped with constant oblations and offerings, granted long life, wealth, and sons, bringing auspiciousness.
पुत्रेष्वाशासते नित्यं पितरो दैवतानि च । दानमध्ययनं यज्ञं प्रजानां परिपालनम् ॥५-१३०-२४॥
putreṣvāśāsate nityaṃ pitaro daivatāni ca । dānamadhyayanaṃ yajñaṃ prajānāṃ paripālanam ॥5-130-24॥
[पुत्रेषु (putreṣu) - in sons; आशासते (āśāsate) - hope; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers; दैवतानि (daivatāni) - gods; च (ca) - and; दानम् (dānam) - charity; अध्ययनम् (adhyayanaṃ) - study; यज्ञम् (yajñaṃ) - sacrifice; प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of subjects; परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - protection;]
(Fathers and gods always hope in sons, charity, study, sacrifice, and protection of subjects.)
Fathers and gods always place their hopes in their sons, in acts of charity, study, sacrifice, and the protection of their people.
एतद्धर्ममधर्मं वा जन्मनैवाभ्यजायथाः । ते स्थ वैद्याः कुले जाता अवृत्त्या तात पीडिताः ॥५-१३०-२५॥
etaddharmamadharmaṃ vā janmanaivābhyajāyathāḥ । te stha vaidyāḥ kule jātā avṛttyā tāta pīḍitāḥ ॥5-130-25॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty; अधर्मं (adharmaṃ) - non-duty; वा (vā) - or; जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth; एव (eva) - indeed; अभ्यजायथाः (abhyajāyathāḥ) - you were born; ते (te) - you; स्थ (stha) - are; वैद्याः (vaidyāḥ) - physicians; कुले (kule) - in family; जाता (jātā) - born; अवृत्त्या (avṛttyā) - without livelihood; तात (tāta) - father; पीडिताः (pīḍitāḥ) - afflicted;]
(This duty or non-duty, you were indeed born by birth. You are physicians born in a family, afflicted without livelihood, O father.)
You were born into this duty or non-duty by birth. You are physicians born into a family, afflicted without a livelihood, O father.
यत्तु दानपतिं शूरं क्षुधिताः पृथिवीचराः । प्राप्य तृप्ताः प्रतिष्ठन्ते धर्मः कोऽभ्यधिकस्ततः ॥५-१३०-२६॥
yattu dānapatiṃ śūraṃ kṣudhitāḥ pṛthivīcarāḥ । prāpya tṛptāḥ pratiṣṭhante dharmaḥ ko'bhyadhikastataḥ ॥5-130-26॥
[यत् (yat) - which; तु (tu) - but; दानपतिम् (dānapatim) - lord of gifts; शूरम् (śūram) - heroic; क्षुधिताः (kṣudhitāḥ) - hungry; पृथिवीचराः (pṛthivīcarāḥ) - wanderers of the earth; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied; प्रतिष्ठन्ते (pratiṣṭhante) - depart; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; कः (kaḥ) - what; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - greater; ततः (tataḥ) - than that;]
(But which lord of gifts, heroic, do the hungry wanderers of the earth, having obtained, depart satisfied? What righteousness is greater than that?)
But when the hungry wanderers of the earth find a heroic lord of gifts and leave satisfied, what righteousness is greater than that?
दानेनान्यं बलेनान्यं तथा सूनृतयापरम् । सर्वतः प्रतिगृह्णीयाद्राज्यं प्राप्येह धार्मिकः ॥५-१३०-२७॥
dānenānyaṃ balenānyaṃ tathā sūnṛtayāparam । sarvataḥ pratigṛhṇīyādrājyaṃ prāpyeha dhārmikaḥ ॥5-130-27॥
[दानेन (dānena) - by charity; अन्यं (anyaṃ) - another; बलेन (balena) - by strength; अन्यं (anyaṃ) - another; तथा (tathā) - thus; सूनृतया (sūnṛtayā) - by gentleness; परम् (param) - another; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides; प्रतिगृह्णीयात् (pratigṛhṇīyāt) - should accept; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; इह (iha) - here; धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - a righteous person;]
(By charity, another; by strength, another; thus by gentleness, another; from all sides, should accept the kingdom having obtained here a righteous person.)
A righteous person, having obtained the kingdom here, should accept others through charity, strength, and gentleness from all sides.
ब्राह्मणः प्रचरेद्भैक्षं क्षत्रियः परिपालयेत् । वैश्यो धनार्जनं कुर्याच्छूद्रः परिचरेच्च तान् ॥५-१३०-२८॥
brāhmaṇaḥ pracaredbhaikṣaṃ kṣatriyaḥ paripālayet । vaiśyo dhanārjanaṃ kuryācchūdraḥ paricarecca tān ॥5-130-28॥
[ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin; प्रचरेद् (pracared) - should wander; भैक्षं (bhaikṣaṃ) - for alms; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Kshatriya; परिपालयेत् (paripālayet) - should protect; वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - Vaishya; धनार्जनं (dhanārjanaṃ) - wealth acquisition; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - Shudra; परिचरेत् (paricaret) - should serve; चान् (cān) - and them;]
(The Brahmin should wander for alms, the Kshatriya should protect, the Vaishya should acquire wealth, and the Shudra should serve them.)
A Brahmin should seek alms, a Kshatriya should protect, a Vaishya should earn wealth, and a Shudra should serve them.
भैक्षं विप्रतिषिद्धं ते कृषिर्नैवोपपद्यते । क्षत्रियोऽसि क्षतात्त्राता बाहुवीर्योपजीविता ॥५-१३०-२९॥
bhaikṣaṃ vipratiṣiddhaṃ te kṛṣirnaivopapadyate । kṣatriyo'si kṣatāttrātā bāhuvīryopajīvitā ॥5-130-29॥
[भैक्षं (bhaikṣam) - alms; विप्रतिषिद्धं (vipratiṣiddham) - forbidden; ते (te) - your; कृषिः (kṛṣiḥ) - agriculture; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - befitting; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - warrior; असि (asi) - are; क्षतात् (kṣatāt) - from injury; त्राता (trātā) - protector; बाहु (bāhu) - arm; वीर्य (vīrya) - strength; उपजीविता (upajīvitā) - livelihood;]
(Alms are forbidden for you; agriculture is indeed not befitting. You are a warrior, a protector from injury, living by the strength of your arms.)
Alms are prohibited for you, and agriculture is not suitable. As a warrior, you are a protector from harm, living by the strength of your arms.
पित्र्यमंशं महाबाहो निमग्नं पुनरुद्धर । साम्ना दानेन भेदेन दण्डेनाथ नयेन च ॥५-१३०-३०॥
pitryamaṁśaṁ mahābāho nimagnaṁ punaruddhara । sāmnā dānena bhedena daṇḍenātha nayena ca ॥5-130-30॥
[पित्र्यमंशं (pitryamaṁśaṁ) - ancestral portion; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed; निमग्नं (nimagnaṁ) - submerged; पुनरुद्धर (punaruddhara) - raise again; साम्ना (sāmnā) - by conciliation; दानेन (dānena) - by gifts; भेदेन (bhedena) - by division; दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - by punishment; अथ (atha) - then; नयेन (nayena) - by policy; च (ca) - and;]
(O mighty-armed, raise again the submerged ancestral portion by conciliation, by gifts, by division, by punishment, then by policy and.)
O mighty-armed one, retrieve the submerged ancestral portion using conciliation, gifts, division, punishment, and finally, policy.
इतो दुःखतरं किं नु यदहं हीनबान्धवा । परपिण्डमुदीक्षामि त्वां सूत्वामित्रनन्दन ॥५-१३०-३१॥
ito duḥkhataraṃ kiṃ nu yadahaṃ hīnabāndhavā . parapiṇḍamudīkṣāmi tvāṃ sūtvāmitranandana ॥5-130-31॥
[इतो (itaḥ) - from here; दुःखतरं (duḥkhataraṃ) - more miserable; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; यत् (yat) - that; अहम् (aham) - I; हीनबान्धवा (hīnabāndhavā) - deprived of relatives; परपिण्डम् (parapiṇḍam) - others' food; उदीक्षामि (udīkṣāmi) - I look upon; त्वां (tvāṃ) - you; सूत्वा (sūtvā) - O charioteer; मित्रनन्दन (mitranandana) - O delight of friends;]
(From here, what indeed is more miserable than that I, deprived of relatives, look upon others' food, you, O charioteer, O delight of friends?)
What could be more miserable than this, that I, deprived of my relatives, have to look upon others' food, O charioteer, O delight of friends?
युध्यस्व राजधर्मेण मा निमज्जीः पितामहान् । मा गमः क्षीणपुण्यस्त्वं सानुजः पापिकां गतिम् ॥५-१३०-३२॥
yudhyasva rājadharmeṇa mā nimajjīḥ pitāmahān । mā gamaḥ kṣīṇapuṇyastvaṃ sānujḥ pāpikāṃ gatim ॥5-130-32॥
[युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight; राजधर्मेण (rājadharmeṇa) - with royal duty; मा (mā) - do not; निमज्जीः (nimajjīḥ) - sink; पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - ancestors; मा (mā) - do not; गमः (gamaḥ) - go; क्षीणपुण्यस्त्वं (kṣīṇapuṇyastvaṃ) - depleted of merit; सानुजः (sānujḥ) - with brother; पापिकां (pāpikāṃ) - sinful; गतिम् (gatim) - path;]
(Fight with royal duty, do not sink the ancestors. Do not go, depleted of merit, with brother, to the sinful path.)
Fight according to the royal duty and do not let your ancestors down. Do not proceed, as you and your brother, whose merits are depleted, should not tread the sinful path.
