06.023
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः। मामकाः पाण्डवाश्चैव किमकुर्वत सञ्जय ॥६-२३-१॥
dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ। māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāścaiva kimakurvata sañjaya ॥6-23-1॥
[धर्मक्षेत्रे (dharmakṣetre) - in the field of dharma; कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in the field of Kurukshetra; समवेता (samavetā) - assembled; युयुत्सवः (yuyutsavaḥ) - desiring to fight; मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my party; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; किम् (kim) - what; अकुर्वत (akurvata) - did they do; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sanjaya;]
(In the field of dharma, in the field of Kurukshetra, assembled desiring to fight, my party and the Pandavas, what did they do, O Sanjaya?)
In the field of dharma at Kurukshetra, my party and the Pandavas, eager for battle, were assembled. What did they do, O Sanjaya?
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवानीकं व्यूढं दुर्योधनस्तदा। आचार्यमुपसङ्गम्य राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥६-२३-२॥
dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṃ vyūḍhaṃ duryodhanastadā। ācāryamupasaṅgamya rājā vacanamabravīt ॥6-23-2॥
[दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; तु (tu) - but; पाण्डवानीकं (pāṇḍavānīkaṃ) - the Pandava army; व्यूढं (vyūḍham) - arranged; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; तदा (tadā) - then; आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - to the teacher; उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - approaching; राजा (rājā) - the king; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke;]
(Having seen the Pandava army arranged, Duryodhana then approached the teacher and spoke these words.)
Upon seeing the Pandava army arranged in a military formation, King Duryodhana approached his teacher and spoke:
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम्। व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥६-२३-३॥
paśyaitāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmācārya mahatīṃ camūm। vyūḍhāṃ drupadaputreṇa tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā ॥6-23-3॥
[पश्य (paśya) - see; एताम् (etām) - this; पाण्डुपुत्राणाम् (pāṇḍuputrāṇām) - of the sons of Pandu; आचार्य (ācārya) - O teacher; महतीम् (mahatīm) - great; चमूम् (camūm) - army; व्यूढाम् (vyūḍhām) - arranged; द्रुपदपुत्रेण (drupadaputreṇa) - by the son of Drupada; तव (tava) - your; शिष्येण (śiṣyeṇa) - disciple; धीमता (dhīmatā) - intelligent;]
(See this great army of the sons of Pandu, O teacher, arranged by your intelligent disciple, the son of Drupada.)
Behold, O teacher, this mighty army of the sons of Pandu, arranged by your wise disciple, the son of Drupada.
अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि। युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥६-२३-४॥
atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi। yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ ॥6-23-4॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; शूरा (śūrā) - heroes; महेष्वासा (maheṣvāsā) - great archers; भीमार्जुनसमा (bhīmārjunasamā) - equal to Bhima and Arjuna; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Yuyudhana; विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virata; च (ca) - and; द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada; च (ca) - and; महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior;]
(Here are heroes, great archers, equal to Bhima and Arjuna in battle: Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada, the great chariot-warrior.)
Here, there are heroes who are great archers, comparable to Bhima and Arjuna in battle, including Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada, the great chariot-warrior.
धृष्टकेतुश्चेकितानः काशिराजश्च वीर्यवान्। पुरुजित्कुन्तिभोजश्च शैब्यश्च नरपुङ्गवः ॥६-२३-५॥
dhṛṣṭaketuś cekitānaḥ kāśirājaś ca vīryavān। purujit kuntibhojaś ca śaibyaś ca narapuṅgavaḥ ॥6-23-5॥
[धृष्टकेतुः (dhṛṣṭaketuḥ) - Dhrishtaketu; च (ca) - and; चेकितानः (cekitānaḥ) - Chekitana; काशिराजः (kāśirājaḥ) - Kashiraja; च (ca) - and; वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - the valiant; पुरुजित् (purujit) - Purujit; कुन्तिभोजः (kuntibhojaḥ) - Kuntibhoja; च (ca) - and; शैब्यः (śaibyaḥ) - Shaibya; च (ca) - and; नरपुङ्गवः (narapuṅgavaḥ) - the best among men;]
(Dhrishtaketu, Chekitana, and the valiant Kashiraja; Purujit, Kuntibhoja, and Shaibya, the best among men.)
Dhrishtaketu, Chekitana, the valiant Kashiraja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja, and Shaibya are all great warriors, the best among men.
युधामन्युश्च विक्रान्त उत्तमौजाश्च वीर्यवान्। सौभद्रो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्व एव महारथाः ॥६-२३-६॥
yudhāmanyuśca vikrānta uttamaujāśca vīryavān। saubhadro draupadeyāśca sarva eva mahārathāḥ ॥6-23-6॥
[युधामन्युश् (yudhāmanyuḥ) - Yudhāmanyu; च (ca) - and; विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valiant; उत्तमौजाः (uttamaujāḥ) - Uttamaujas; च (ca) - and; वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful; सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - son of Subhadra; द्रौपदेयाः (draupadeyāḥ) - sons of Draupadi; च (ca) - and; सर्वे (sarve) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors;]
(Yudhāmanyu and the valiant Uttamaujas, the powerful son of Subhadra, and the sons of Draupadi, all indeed are great warriors.)
Yudhāmanyu, Uttamaujas, the son of Subhadra, and the sons of Draupadi are all great warriors.
अस्माकं तु विशिष्टा ये तान्निबोध द्विजोत्तम। नायका मम सैन्यस्य सञ्ज्ञार्थं तान्ब्रवीमि ते ॥६-२३-७॥
asmākaṃ tu viśiṣṭā ye tānnibodha dvijottama। nāyakā mama sainyasya sañjñārthaṃ tānbravīmi te ॥6-23-7॥
[अस्माकं (asmākam) - our; तु (tu) - but; विशिष्टा (viśiṣṭā) - distinguished; ये (ye) - who; तान् (tān) - them; निबोध (nibodha) - know; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born; नायका (nāyakā) - leaders; मम (mama) - of my; सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - army; सञ्ज्ञार्थं (sañjñārtham) - for information; तान् (tān) - them; ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I speak; ते (te) - to you;]
(But know them, O best of the twice-born, the distinguished leaders of my army; for information, I speak them to you.)
"O best of the twice-born, let me tell you about the distinguished leaders of my army for your information."
भवान्भीष्मश्च कर्णश्च कृपश्च समितिञ्जयः। अश्वत्थामा विकर्णश्च सौमदत्तिस्तथैव च ॥६-२३-८॥
bhavānbhīṣmaśca karṇaśca kṛpaśca samitiñjayaḥ। aśvatthāmā vikarṇaśca saumadattistathaiva ca ॥6-23-8॥
[भवान् (bhavān) - you; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; च (ca) - and; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; च (ca) - and; कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa; च (ca) - and; समितिञ्जयः (samitiñjayaḥ) - victorious in battle; अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - Ashwatthama; विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna; च (ca) - and; सौमदत्तिः (saumadattiḥ) - the son of Somadatta; तथा (tathā) - also; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and;]
(You, Bhishma, Karna, Kripa, who are victorious in battle, Ashwatthama, Vikarna, and also the son of Somadatta.)
You, along with Bhishma, Karna, Kripa, Ashwatthama, Vikarna, and the son of Somadatta, are all victorious in battle.
अन्ये च बहवः शूरा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः। नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः सर्वे युद्धविशारदाः ॥६-२३-९॥
anye ca bahavaḥ śūrā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ। nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ ॥6-23-9॥
[अन्ये (anye) - others; च (ca) - and; बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; शूरा (śūrā) - heroes; मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake; त्यक्तजीविताः (tyaktajīvitāḥ) - having sacrificed lives; नानाशस्त्रप्रहरणाः (nānāśastrapraharaṇāḥ) - armed with various weapons; सर्वे (sarve) - all; युद्धविशारदाः (yuddhaviśāradāḥ) - skilled in warfare;]
(Others too, many heroes, have sacrificed their lives for my sake, all armed with various weapons, skilled in warfare.)
There are many other heroes who have also sacrificed their lives for my cause, all equipped with various weapons and skilled in the art of war.
अपर्याप्तं तदस्माकं बलं भीष्माभिरक्षितम्। पर्याप्तं त्विदमेतेषां बलं भीमाभिरक्षितम् ॥६-२३-१०॥
aparyāptaṃ tadasmākaṃ balaṃ bhīṣmābhirakṣitam। paryāptaṃ tvidameteṣāṃ balaṃ bhīmābhirakṣitam ॥6-23-10॥
[अपर्याप्तं (aparyāptaṃ) - insufficient; तत् (tat) - that; अस्माकं (asmākaṃ) - our; बलं (balaṃ) - strength; भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; अभिरक्षितम् (abhirakṣitam) - protected; पर्याप्तं (paryāptaṃ) - sufficient; तु (tu) - but; इदम् (idam) - this; एतेषां (eteṣāṃ) - their; बलं (balaṃ) - strength; भीम (bhīma) - Bhima; अभिरक्षितम् (abhirakṣitam) - protected;]
(Our strength, protected by Bhishma, is insufficient. But this strength of theirs, protected by Bhima, is sufficient.)
Our forces, under the protection of Bhishma, are inadequate, whereas their forces, protected by Bhima, are adequate.
अयनेषु च सर्वेषु यथाभागमवस्थिताः। भीष्ममेवाभिरक्षन्तु भवन्तः सर्व एव हि ॥६-२३-११॥
ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ। bhīṣmamevābhirakṣantu bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi ॥6-23-11॥
[अयनेषु (ayaneṣu) - in the strategic points; च (ca) - and; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - all; यथाभागम् (yathābhāgam) - according to division; अवस्थिताः (avasthitāḥ) - stationed; भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma; एव (eva) - only; अभिरक्षन्तु (abhirakṣantu) - should protect; भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you; सर्वे (sarve) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - certainly;]
(In the strategic points and all, stationed according to division, you all should protect Bhishma only, indeed certainly.)
In all strategic points, you should all be stationed according to your divisions and protect Bhishma at all costs.
तस्य सञ्जनयन्हर्षं कुरुवृद्धः पितामहः। सिंहनादं विनद्योच्चैः शङ्खं दध्मौ प्रतापवान् ॥६-२३-१२॥
tasya sañjanayan harṣaṃ kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ। siṃhanādaṃ vinadyoccaiḥ śaṅkhaṃ dadhmau pratāpavān ॥6-23-12॥
[तस्य (tasya) - his; सञ्जनयन् (sañjanayan) - causing; हर्षं (harṣaṃ) - joy; कुरुवृद्धः (kuruvṛddhaḥ) - the elder of the Kurus; पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather; सिंहनादं (siṃhanādaṃ) - lion's roar; विनद्य (vinadya) - having sounded; उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly; शङ्खं (śaṅkhaṃ) - conch; दध्मौ (dadhmau) - blew; प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - the glorious;]
(His grandfather, the elder of the Kurus, causing his joy, loudly blew the conch, having sounded a lion's roar.)
The glorious elder of the Kuru dynasty, his grandfather, filled with joy, loudly blew his conch shell, producing a sound akin to a lion's roar.
ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च पणवानकगोमुखाः। सहसैवाभ्यहन्यन्त स शब्दस्तुमुलोऽभवत् ॥६-२३-१३॥
tataḥ śaṅkhāś ca bheryaś ca paṇavānakagomukhāḥ। sahasaivābhyahanyanta sa śabdastumulo'bhavat ॥6-23-13॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; शङ्खाः (śaṅkhāḥ) - conch shells; च (ca) - and; भेर्यः (bheryaḥ) - kettle drums; च (ca) - and; पणव-आनक-गोमुखाः (paṇava-ānaka-gomukhāḥ) - small drums, large drums, and cow-horns; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; एव (eva) - indeed; अभ्यहन्यन्त (abhyahanyanta) - were sounded; सः (saḥ) - that; शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound; तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous; अभवत् (abhavat) - became;]
(Then conch shells, kettle drums, small drums, large drums, and cow-horns were sounded suddenly indeed; that sound became tumultuous.)
Then, suddenly, the conch shells, kettle drums, small drums, large drums, and cow-horns were sounded, creating a tumultuous noise.
ततः श्वेतैर्हयैर्युक्ते महति स्यन्दने स्थितौ। माधवः पाण्डवश्चैव दिव्यौ शङ्खौ प्रदध्मतुः ॥६-२३-१४॥
tataḥ śvetairhayairyukte mahati syandane sthitau। mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaścaiva divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ ॥6-23-14॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; श्वेतैः (śvetaiḥ) - white; हयैः (hayaiḥ) - horses; युक्ते (yukte) - yoked; महति (mahati) - great; स्यन्दने (syandane) - chariot; स्थितौ (sthitau) - standing; माधवः (mādhavaḥ) - Madhava; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Pandava; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; दिव्यौ (divyau) - divine; शङ्खौ (śaṅkhau) - conches; प्रदध्मतुः (pradadhmatuḥ) - blew;]
(Then, standing on the great chariot yoked with white horses, Madhava and Pandava indeed blew their divine conches.)
Then, Madhava and Pandava, standing on the great chariot drawn by white horses, blew their divine conches.
पाञ्चजन्यं हृषीकेशो देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः। पौण्ड्रं दध्मौ महाशङ्खं भीमकर्मा वृकोदरः ॥६-२३-१५॥
pāñcajanyaṁ hṛṣīkeśo devadattaṁ dhanañjayaḥ। pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahāśaṅkhaṁ bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ ॥6-23-15॥
[पाञ्चजन्यं (pāñcajanyaṁ) - Panchajanya; (the conch of Krishna) हृषीकेशो (hṛṣīkeśo) - Hrishikesha; (Krishna) देवदत्तं (devadattaṁ) - Devadatta; (the conch of Arjuna) धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhananjaya; (Arjuna) पौण्ड्रं (pauṇḍraṁ) - Paundra; (the conch of Bhima) दध्मौ (dadhmau) - blew; महाशङ्खं (mahāśaṅkhaṁ) - great conch; भीमकर्मा (bhīmakarmā) - one with terrible deeds; वृकोदरः (vṛkodaraḥ) - Vrikodara; (Bhima);]
(Hrishikesha blew the Panchajanya, Dhananjaya blew the Devadatta, and Vrikodara, the doer of terrible deeds, blew the great conch Paundra.)
Krishna blew his conch named Panchajanya, Arjuna blew his conch named Devadatta, and Bhima, known for his terrible deeds, blew his mighty conch Paundra.
अनन्तविजयं राजा कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः। नकुलः सहदेवश्च सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ ॥६-२३-१६॥
anantavijayaṃ rājā kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। nakulaḥ sahadevaśca sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau ॥6-23-16॥
[अनन्तविजयं (anantavijayam) - the conch named Anantavijaya; राजा (rājā) - the king; कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - son of Kunti; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula; सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva; च (ca) - and; सुघोषमणिपुष्पकौ (sughoṣamaṇipuṣpakau) - the conches named Sughosha and Manipushpaka;]
(The king Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, blew the conch named Anantavijaya; Nakula and Sahadeva blew the conches named Sughosha and Manipushpaka.)
King Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, blew his conch Anantavijaya. Nakula and Sahadeva blew their conches, Sughosha and Manipushpaka, respectively.
काश्यश्च परमेष्वासः शिखण्डी च महारथः। धृष्टद्युम्नो विराटश्च सात्यकिश्चापराजितः ॥६-२३-१७॥
kāśyaśca parameṣvāsaḥ śikhaṇḍī ca mahārathaḥ। dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaśca sātyakiścāparājitaḥ ॥6-23-17॥
[काश्यः (kāśyaḥ) - Kāśya; च (ca) - and; परमेष्वासः (parameṣvāsaḥ) - great archer; शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī; च (ca) - and; महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior; धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna; विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - Virāṭa; च (ca) - and; सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki; च (ca) - and; अपराजितः (aparājitaḥ) - unconquered;]
(Kāśya, the great archer, and Śikhaṇḍī, the great warrior; Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Virāṭa, and Sātyaki, the unconquered.)
Kāśya, the supreme archer, along with Śikhaṇḍī, the mighty warrior; Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Virāṭa, and the invincible Sātyaki.
द्रुपदो द्रौपदेयाश्च सर्वशः पृथिवीपते। सौभद्रश्च महाबाहुः शङ्खान्दध्मुः पृथक्पृथक् ॥६-२३-१८॥
drupado draupadeyāśca sarvaśaḥ pṛthivīpate। saubhadraśca mahābāhuḥ śaṅkhāndadhmuḥ pṛthakpṛthak ॥6-23-18॥
[द्रुपदः (drupadaḥ) - Drupada; द्रौपदेयाः (draupadeyāḥ) - sons of Draupadi; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - all; पृथिवी-पते (pṛthivī-pate) - O lord of the earth; सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu; च (ca) - and; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conches; दध्मुः (dadhmuḥ) - blew; पृथक्-पृथक् (pṛthak-pṛthak) - individually;]
(Drupada, the sons of Draupadi, all, O lord of the earth, Abhimanyu, the mighty-armed, blew their conches individually.)
Drupada, the sons of Draupadi, and Abhimanyu, the mighty-armed son of Subhadra, all blew their conches individually, O lord of the earth.
स घोषो धार्तराष्ट्राणां हृदयानि व्यदारयत्। नभश्च पृथिवीं चैव तुमुलो व्यनुनादयन् ॥६-२३-१९॥
sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ hṛdayāni vyadārayat। nabhaśca pṛthivīṃ caiva tumulo vyanunādayan ॥6-23-19॥
[स (sa) - that; घोषः (ghoṣaḥ) - sound; धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra; हृदयानि (hṛdayāni) - hearts; व्यदारयत् (vyadārayat) - pierced; नभः (nabhaḥ) - the sky; च (ca) - and; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - also; तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous; व्यानुनादयन् (vyanunādayan) - resounded;]
(That sound pierced the hearts of the sons of Dhritarashtra; it resounded in the sky and the earth as well, tumultuous.)
The tumultuous sound pierced the hearts of the sons of Dhritarashtra and echoed through the sky and the earth.
अथ व्यवस्थितान्दृष्ट्वा धार्तराष्ट्रान्कपिध्वजः। प्रवृत्ते शस्त्रसम्पाते धनुरुद्यम्य पाण्डवः ॥६-२३-२०॥
atha vyavasthitāndṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrānkapidhvajaḥ। pravṛtte śastrasampāte dhanurudyamya pāṇḍavaḥ ॥6-23-20॥
[अथ (atha) - then; व्यवस्थितान् (vyavasthitān) - arrayed; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra; कपिध्वजः (kapidhvajaḥ) - he whose banner is marked with Hanuman; प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - when commenced; शस्त्रसम्पाते (śastrasampāte) - the discharge of weapons; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having taken up; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the son of Pandu;]
(Then, seeing the sons of Dhritarashtra arrayed, he whose banner is marked with Hanuman, when the discharge of weapons commenced, having taken up his bow, the son of Pandu.)
Then, as the battle commenced and the sons of Dhritarashtra were arrayed, Arjuna, whose banner bore the emblem of Hanuman, took up his bow.
हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत ॥६-२३-२१॥
hṛṣīkeśaṃ tadā vākyamidamāha mahīpate। senayorubhayormadhye rathaṃ sthāpaya me'cyuta ॥6-23-21॥
[हृषीकेशं (hṛṣīkeśam) - to Hrishikesha; तदा (tadā) - then; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words; इदम् (idam) - this; आह (āha) - said; महीपते (mahīpate) - O King; सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the armies; उभयोः (ubhayayoḥ) - of both; मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle; रथम् (ratham) - chariot; स्थापय (sthāpaya) - place; मे (me) - my; अच्युत (acyuta) - O Acyuta;]
(Then, O King, said these words to Hrishikesha: "Place my chariot in the middle of both armies, O Acyuta.")
Then, O King, he said to Hrishikesha, "O Acyuta, place my chariot between the two armies."
यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान्। कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे ॥६-२३-२२॥
yāvadetānnirīkṣe'haṃ yoddhukāmānavasthitān। kairmayā saha yoddhavyamasminraṇasamudyame ॥6-23-22॥
[यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; एतान् (etān) - these; निरीक्षे (nirīkṣe) - I observe; अहम् (aham) - I; योद्धुकामान् (yoddhukāmān) - desiring to fight; अवस्थितान् (avasthitān) - standing; कैः (kaiḥ) - with whom; मया (mayā) - by me; सह (saha) - with; योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - to fight; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; रणसमुद्यमे (raṇasamudyame) - battle endeavor;]
(As long as I observe these standing here, desiring to fight, with whom I must fight in this battle endeavor.)
I am observing those who are standing here, eager to fight, to see with whom I must engage in battle.
योत्स्यमानानवेक्षेऽहं य एतेऽत्र समागताः। धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः ॥६-२३-२३॥
yotsyamānānavekṣe'haṁ ya ete'tra samāgatāḥ। dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddheryuddhe priyacikīrṣavaḥ ॥6-23-23॥
[योत्स्यमानान् (yotsyamānān) - those who are about to fight; अवेक्षे (avekṣe) - I shall see; अहम् (aham) - I; यः (yaḥ) - who; एते (ete) - these; अत्र (atra) - here; समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - assembled; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's; दुर्बुद्धेः (durbuddheḥ) - evil-minded; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; प्रियचिकीर्षवः (priyacikīrṣavaḥ) - wishing to do good;]
(I shall see those who are about to fight, who have assembled here, wishing to do good in battle for the evil-minded son of Dhritarashtra.)
I will observe those who have gathered here to fight, intending to please the evil-minded son of Dhritarashtra in battle.
एवमुक्तो हृषीकेशो गुडाकेशेन भारत। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये स्थापयित्वा रथोत्तमम् ॥६-२३-२४॥
evamukto hṛṣīkeśo guḍākeśena bhārata। senayorubhayormadhye sthāpayitvā rathottamam ॥6-23-24॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; हृषीकेशः (hṛṣīkeśaḥ) - Hṛṣīkeśa; गुडाकेशेन (guḍākeśena) - by Guḍākeśa; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the armies; उभयोः (ubhayayoḥ) - of both; मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle; स्थापयित्वा (sthāpayitvā) - having placed; रथोत्तमम् (rathottamam) - the finest chariot;]
(Thus spoken by Guḍākeśa, O Bhārata, Hṛṣīkeśa, having placed the finest chariot in the middle of both armies.)
O Bhārata, thus addressed by Guḍākeśa, Hṛṣīkeśa placed the magnificent chariot in the midst of the two armies.
भीष्मद्रोणप्रमुखतः सर्वेषां च महीक्षिताम्। उवाच पार्थ पश्यैतान्समवेतान्कुरूनिति ॥६-२३-२५॥
bhīṣmadroṇapramukhataḥ sarveṣāṃ ca mahīkṣitām। uvāca pārtha paśyaitānsamavetānkūrūniti ॥6-23-25॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; द्रोण (droṇa) - Drona; प्रमुखतः (pramukhataḥ) - in front of; सर्वेषां (sarveṣām) - of all; च (ca) - and; महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - kings; उवाच (uvāca) - said; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha; पश्य (paśya) - behold; एतान् (etān) - these; समवेतान् (samavetān) - assembled; कुरून् (kūrūn) - Kurus; इति (iti) - thus;]
(In front of Bhishma and Drona, and all the kings, O son of Pritha, behold these assembled Kurus, thus he said:)
In front of Bhishma and Drona, and all the kings, Arjuna, the son of Pritha, was told to behold the assembled Kurus.
तत्रापश्यत्स्थितान्पार्थः पितॄनथ पितामहान्। आचार्यान्मातुलान्भ्रातॄन्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्सखींस्तथा ॥६-२३-२६॥
tatrāpaśyat sthitān pārthaḥ pitṝn atha pitāmahān। ācāryān mātulān bhrātṝn putrān pautrān sakhīṃs tathā ॥6-23-26॥
[तत्र (tatra) - there; अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw; स्थितान् (sthitān) - standing; पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - son of Pritha (Arjuna); पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers; अथ (atha) - and; पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - grandfathers; आचार्यान् (ācāryān) - teachers; मातुलान् (mātulān) - maternal uncles; भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons; सखीन् (sakhīn) - friends; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(There, Arjuna saw standing fathers, and grandfathers, teachers, maternal uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, and also friends.)
There, Arjuna saw his kinsmen including fathers, grandfathers, teachers, uncles, brothers, sons, grandsons, and friends, all standing there.
श्वशुरान्सुहृदश्चैव सेनयोरुभयोरपि। तान्समीक्ष्य स कौन्तेयः सर्वान्बन्धूनवस्थितान् ॥६-२३-२७॥
śvaśurān suhṛdaś caiva senayor ubhayor api। tān samīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ sarvān bandhūn avasthitān ॥6-23-27॥
[श्वशुरान् (śvaśurān) - fathers-in-law; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the armies; उभयोः (ubhayor) - of both; अपि (api) - also; तान् (tān) - them; समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen; सः (saḥ) - he; कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; बन्धून् (bandhūn) - relatives; अवस्थितान् (avasthitān) - situated;]
(Fathers-in-law, friends, and certainly also of both armies; having seen them, he, the son of Kunti, all relatives situated.)
Arjuna, the son of Kunti, saw all his relatives, including fathers-in-law and friends, arrayed in both armies.
कृपया परयाविष्टो विषीदन्निदमब्रवीत्। दृष्ट्वेमान्स्वजनान्कृष्ण युयुत्सून्समवस्थितान् ॥६-२३-२८॥
kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo viṣīdannidamabravīt। dṛṣṭvemānsvajanānkṛṣṇa yuyutsūnsamavasthitān ॥6-23-28॥
[कृपया (kṛpayā) - with compassion; परया (parayā) - great; आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - overwhelmed; विषीदन् (viṣīdan) - lamenting; इदम् (idam) - this; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing; इमान् (imān) - these; स्वजनान् (svajanān) - kinsmen; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna; युयुत्सून् (yuyutsūn) - desiring to fight; समवस्थितान् (samavasthitān) - arrayed;]
(With great compassion, overwhelmed and lamenting, he said this: Seeing these kinsmen, O Krishna, arrayed and desiring to fight.)
Overcome with deep compassion and sorrow, he spoke: "O Krishna, seeing my own kinsmen arrayed and eager for battle, I am filled with despair."
सीदन्ति मम गात्राणि मुखं च परिशुष्यति। वेपथुश्च शरीरे मे रोमहर्षश्च जायते ॥६-२३-२९॥
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi mukhaṃ ca pariśuṣyati। vepathuśca śarīre me romaharṣaśca jāyate ॥6-23-29॥
[सीदन्ति (sīdanti) - are collapsing; मम (mama) - my; गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs; मुखं (mukhaṃ) - mouth; च (ca) - and; परिशुष्यति (pariśuṣyati) - is drying up; वेपथुः (vepathuḥ) - trembling; च (ca) - and; शरीरे (śarīre) - in body; मे (me) - my; रोमहर्षः (romaharṣaḥ) - horripilation; च (ca) - and; जायते (jāyate) - is happening;]
(My limbs are collapsing, and my mouth is drying up. Trembling is in my body, and horripilation is happening.)
My limbs are collapsing, my mouth is drying up, and my body is trembling with horripilation.
गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात्त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते। न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः ॥६-२३-३०॥
gāṇḍīvaṃ sraṃsate hastāttvakcaiva paridahyate। na ca śaknomyavasthātuṃ bhramatīva ca me manaḥ ॥6-23-30॥
[गाण्डीवं (gāṇḍīvaṃ) - Gandiva bow; स्रंसते (sraṃsate) - slips; हस्तात् (hastāt) - from hand; त्वक् (tvak) - skin; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; परिदह्यते (paridahyate) - burns; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; शक्नोमि (śaknomi) - can I; अवस्थातुं (avasthātuṃ) - stand; भ्रमति (bhramati) - whirls; इव (iva) - as if; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(The Gandiva bow slips from (my) hand, and indeed my skin burns. And I cannot stand, as if my mind is whirling.)
The Gandiva bow slips from my hand, my skin burns, and I am unable to stand as my mind seems to whirl.
निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव। न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ॥६-२३-३१॥
nimittāni ca paśyāmi viparītāni keśava। na ca śreyo'nupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhave ॥6-23-31॥
[निमित्तानि (nimittāni) - omens; च (ca) - and; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - adverse; केशव (keśava) - O Keśava; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good; अनुपश्यामि (anupaśyāmi) - I foresee; हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain; स्व (sva) - own; जनम् (janam) - people; आहवे (āhave) - in battle;]
(I see adverse omens, O Keśava. Nor do I foresee any good in having slain my own people in battle.)
O Keśava, I see adverse omens, and I do not foresee any good coming from killing my own kinsmen in battle.
न काङ्क्षे विजयं कृष्ण न च राज्यं सुखानि च। किं नो राज्येन गोविन्द किं भोगैर्जीवितेन वा ॥६-२३-३२॥
na kāṅkṣe vijayaṃ kṛṣṇa na ca rājyaṃ sukhāni ca। kiṃ no rājyena govinda kiṃ bhogairjīvitena vā ॥6-23-32॥
[न (na) - not; काङ्क्षे (kāṅkṣe) - do I desire; विजयं (vijayaṃ) - victory; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; राज्यं (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; च (ca) - and; किं (kiṃ) - what use; नः (naḥ) - to us; राज्येन (rājyena) - with kingdom; गोविन्द (govinda) - O Govinda; किं (kiṃ) - what use; भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - with enjoyments; जीवितेन (jīvitena) - with life; वा (vā) - or;]
(I do not desire victory, O Krishna, nor kingdom nor pleasures. What use is the kingdom to us, O Govinda, or enjoyment or life?)
O Krishna, I do not wish for victory, nor kingdom, nor pleasures. O Govinda, of what use is the kingdom, enjoyment, or even life to us?
येषामर्थे काङ्क्षितं नो राज्यं भोगाः सुखानि च। त इमेऽवस्थिता युद्धे प्राणांस्त्यक्त्वा धनानि च ॥६-२३-३३॥
yeṣāmarthe kāṅkṣitaṃ no rājyaṃ bhogāḥ sukhāni ca। ta ime'vasthitā yuddhe prāṇāṃstyaktvā dhanāni ca ॥6-23-33॥
[येषाम् (yeṣām) - for whom; अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of; काङ्क्षितम् (kāṅkṣitam) - desired; नः (naḥ) - our; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; भोगाः (bhogāḥ) - enjoyments; सुखानि (sukhāni) - pleasures; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - they; इमे (ime) - these; अवस्थिताः (avasthitāḥ) - situated; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; धनानि (dhanāni) - wealth; च (ca) - and;]
(For whom our kingdom, enjoyments, and pleasures were desired, they are situated in battle, having abandoned lives and wealth.)
Those for whom we desired the kingdom, enjoyments, and pleasures, they stand here in battle, having given up their lives and wealth.
आचार्याः पितरः पुत्रास्तथैव च पितामहाः। मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः स्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ॥६-२३-३४॥
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāstathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ। mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ syālāḥ sambandhinastathā ॥6-23-34॥
[आचार्याः (ācāryāḥ) - teachers; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; तथैव (tathaiva) - as well as; च (ca) - and; पितामहाः (pitāmahāḥ) - grandfathers; मातुलाः (mātulāḥ) - maternal uncles; श्वशुराः (śvaśurāḥ) - fathers-in-law; पौत्राः (pautrāḥ) - grandsons; स्यालाः (syālāḥ) - brothers-in-law; सम्बन्धिनः (sambandhinaḥ) - relatives; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Teachers, fathers, sons, as well as grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and relatives also.)
Teachers, fathers, sons, grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives are all present.
एतान्न हन्तुमिच्छामि घ्नतोऽपि मधुसूदन। अपि त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य हेतोः किं नु महीकृते ॥६-२३-३५॥
etān na hantum icchāmi ghnato'pi madhusūdana। api trailokyarājyasya hetoḥ kiṃ nu mahīkṛte ॥6-23-35॥
[एतान् (etān) - these; न (na) - not; हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; घ्नतः (ghnataḥ) - killing; अपि (api) - even; मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Madhusudana; अपि (api) - even; त्रैलोक्यराज्यस्य (trailokyarājyasya) - of the sovereignty of the three worlds; हेतोः (hetoḥ) - for the sake of; किम् (kim) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; महीकृते (mahīkṛte) - for the earth;]
(I do not wish to kill these, even though they are killing, O Madhusudana. Even for the sovereignty of the three worlds, what to speak of the earth.)
O Madhusudana, I do not wish to kill these, even if they are attacking me. What to speak of the earth, I do not desire the sovereignty of the three worlds.
निहत्य धार्तराष्ट्रान्नः का प्रीतिः स्याज्जनार्दन। पापमेवाश्रयेदस्मान्हत्वैतानाततायिनः ॥६-२३-३६॥
nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrānnaḥ kā prītiḥ syājjanārdana। pāpamevāśrayedasmānhatvaitānātatāyinaḥ ॥6-23-36॥
[निहत्य (nihatya) - having slain; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra; नः (naḥ) - our; का (kā) - what; प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - pleasure; स्यात् (syāt) - would there be; जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janardana; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; एव (eva) - only; आश्रयेत् (āśrayet) - would accrue; अस्मान् (asmān) - to us; हत्वा (hatvā) - by killing; एतान् (etān) - these; आततायिनः (ātatāyinaḥ) - aggressors;]
(Having slain the sons of Dhritarashtra, what pleasure would there be for us, O Janardana? Only sin would accrue to us by killing these aggressors.)
O Janardana, what joy would we find in killing the sons of Dhritarashtra? By slaying these aggressors, we would only incur sin.
तस्मान्नार्हा वयं हन्तुं धार्तराष्ट्रान्सबान्धवान्। स्वजनं हि कथं हत्वा सुखिनः स्याम माधव ॥६-२३-३७॥
tasmānnārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ dhārtarāṣṭrānsabāndhavān। svajanaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava ॥6-23-37॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; न (na) - not; अर्हाः (arhāḥ) - worthy; वयम् (vayam) - we; हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhritarashtra; स-बान्धवान् (sa-bāndhavān) - along with relatives; स्व-जनम् (sva-janam) - own people; हि (hi) - indeed; कथम् (katham) - how; हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed; सुखिनः (sukhinaḥ) - happy; स्याम (syāma) - shall we be; माधव (mādhava) - O Madhava;]
(Therefore, we are not worthy to kill the sons of Dhritarashtra along with relatives. Indeed, having killed our own people, how shall we be happy, O Madhava?)
Therefore, O Madhava, we should not kill the sons of Dhritarashtra along with our relatives. How can we be happy after killing our own people?
यद्यप्येते न पश्यन्ति लोभोपहतचेतसः। कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् ॥६-२३-३८॥
yadyapyete na paśyanti lobhopahatacetasaḥ। kulakṣayakṛtaṃ doṣaṃ mitradrohe ca pātakam ॥6-23-38॥
[यद्यपि (yadyapi) - although; एते (ete) - these; न (na) - not; पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - see; लोभ (lobha) - greed; उपहत (upahata) - overpowered; चेतसः (cetasaḥ) - minds; कुल (kula) - family; क्षय (kṣaya) - destruction; कृतं (kṛtaṃ) - done; दोषं (doṣaṃ) - fault; मित्र (mitra) - friend; द्रोहे (drohe) - in enmity; च (ca) - and; पातकम् (pātakam) - sin; ॥६-२३-३८॥ (॥6-23-38॥) - (verse number);]
(Although these do not see, their minds overpowered by greed, the fault done in the destruction of family and the sin in enmity with friends.)
Even though these people, whose minds are overpowered by greed, do not see the fault in the destruction of family and the sin in enmity with friends.
कथं न ज्ञेयमस्माभिः पापादस्मान्निवर्तितुम्। कुलक्षयकृतं दोषं प्रपश्यद्भिर्जनार्दन ॥६-२३-३९॥
kathaṁ na jñeyamasmābhiḥ pāpādasmānnivartitum। kulakṣayakṛtaṁ doṣaṁ prapaśyadbhirjanārdana ॥6-23-39॥
[कथं (katham) - how; न (na) - not; ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - to be known; अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us; पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin; अस्मान् (asmān) - us; निवर्तितुम् (nivartitum) - to turn away; कुलक्षयकृतम् (kulakṣayakṛtam) - caused by the destruction of a family; दोषम् (doṣam) - fault; प्रपश्यद्भिः (prapaśyadbhiḥ) - by those who see; जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janardana;]
(How can we not know to turn away from sin, seeing the fault caused by the destruction of a family, O Janardana?)
O Janardana, how can we, who see the fault caused by the destruction of a family, not know to turn away from sin?
कुलक्षये प्रणश्यन्ति कुलधर्माः सनातनाः। धर्मे नष्टे कुलं कृत्स्नमधर्मोऽभिभवत्युत ॥६-२३-४०॥
kulakṣaye praṇaśyanti kuladharmāḥ sanātanāḥ। dharme naṣṭe kulaṃ kṛtsnamadharmo'bhibhavatyuta ॥6-23-40॥
[कुलक्षये (kulakṣaye) - in the destruction of the family; प्रणश्यन्ति (praṇaśyanti) - perish; कुलधर्माः (kuladharmāḥ) - family duties; सनातनाः (sanātanāḥ) - eternal; धर्मे (dharme) - in religion; नष्टे (naṣṭe) - being destroyed; कुलं (kulaṃ) - family; कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire; अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - irreligion; अभिभवति (abhibhavati) - overcomes; उत (uta) - indeed;]
(In the destruction of the family, the eternal family duties perish. When religion is destroyed, the entire family is indeed overcome by irreligion.)
When the family is destroyed, the eternal family traditions perish, and when these traditions are lost, the entire family is overwhelmed by irreligion.
अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः। स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः ॥६-२३-४१॥
adharmābhibhavāt kṛṣṇa praduṣyanti kulastriyaḥ। strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ ॥6-23-41॥
[अधर्म-अभिभवात् (adharma-abhibhavāt) - from the prevalence of irreligion; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna; प्रदुष्यन्ति (praduṣyanti) - become degraded; कुल-स्त्रियः (kula-striyaḥ) - family women; स्त्रीषु (strīṣu) - among women; दुष्टासु (duṣṭāsu) - being degraded; वार्ष्णेय (vārṣṇeya) - O descendant of Vṛṣṇi; जायते (jāyate) - it arises; वर्ण-सङ्करः (varṇa-saṅkaraḥ) - unwanted progeny;]
(From the prevalence of irreligion, O Krishna, the family women become degraded; when women are degraded, O descendant of Vṛṣṇi, unwanted progeny arises.)
O Krishna, when irreligion prevails, the women of the family become corrupted, and from the corruption of women, O descendant of Vṛṣṇi, arises unwanted progeny.
सङ्करो नरकायैव कुलघ्नानां कुलस्य च। पतन्ति पितरो ह्येषां लुप्तपिण्डोदकक्रियाः ॥६-२३-४२॥
saṅkaro narakāyaiva kulaghnānāṃ kulasya ca। patanti pitaro hyeṣāṃ luptapiṇḍodakakriyāḥ ॥6-23-42॥
[सङ्करः (saṅkaraḥ) - confusion; नरकाय (narakāya) - to hell; एव (eva) - certainly; कुलघ्नानां (kulaghnānāṃ) - of the destroyers of the family; कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family; च (ca) - and; पतन्ति (patanti) - fall; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - forefathers; हि (hi) - because; एषां (eṣāṃ) - their; लुप्त (lupta) - deprived; पिण्ड (piṇḍa) - of offerings of food; उदक (udaka) - and water; क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - rites;]
(Confusion certainly leads to hell for the destroyers of the family and the family; the forefathers fall because their rites of offerings of food and water are deprived.)
Confusion leads to hell for both the family destroyers and the family itself; the forefathers fall because their traditional rites of food and water offerings are neglected.
दोषैरेतैः कुलघ्नानां वर्णसङ्करकारकैः। उत्साद्यन्ते जातिधर्माः कुलधर्माश्च शाश्वताः ॥६-२३-४३॥
doṣairetaiḥ kulaghnānāṃ varṇasaṅkarakārakaiḥ। utsādyante jātidharmāḥ kuladharmāśca śāśvatāḥ ॥6-23-43॥
[दोषैः (doṣaiḥ) - by the faults; एतैः (etaiḥ) - these; कुलघ्नानां (kulaghnānāṃ) - of the destroyers of the family; वर्णसङ्करकारकैः (varṇasaṅkarakārakaiḥ) - causing confusion of castes; उत्साद्यन्ते (utsādyante) - are destroyed; जातिधर्माः (jātidharmāḥ) - community duties; कुलधर्माः (kuladharmāḥ) - family duties; च (ca) - and; शाश्वताः (śāśvatāḥ) - eternal;]
(By these faults of the destroyers of the family, causing confusion of castes, community duties and family duties are destroyed eternally.)
Due to these faults of the family destroyers, which cause confusion of castes, the eternal community and family duties are destroyed.
उत्सन्नकुलधर्माणां मनुष्याणां जनार्दन। नरके नियतं वासो भवतीत्यनुशुश्रुम ॥६-२३-४४॥
utsannakuladharmāṇāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ janārdana। narake niyataṃ vāso bhavatītyanuśuśruma ॥6-23-44॥
[उत्सन्न (utsanna) - destroyed; कुल (kula) - family; धर्माणां (dharmāṇāṃ) - of duties; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇāṃ) - of men; जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Janardana; नरके (narake) - in hell; नियतं (niyataṃ) - always; वासः (vāsaḥ) - residence; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; इति (iti) - thus; अनुशुश्रुम (anuśuśruma) - we have heard;]
(O Janardana, we have heard that for men whose family duties are destroyed, residence in hell is always certain.)
O Janardana, it is said that those men whose family duties are destroyed are destined to reside in hell.
अहो बत महत्पापं कर्तुं व्यवसिता वयम्। यद्राज्यसुखलोभेन हन्तुं स्वजनमुद्यताः ॥६-२३-४५॥
aho bata mahatpāpaṃ kartuṃ vyavasitā vayam। yadrājyasukhalobhena hantuṃ svajanamudyatāḥ ॥6-23-45॥
[अहो (aho) - alas; बत (bata) - indeed; महत् (mahat) - great; पापं (pāpaṃ) - sin; कर्तुं (kartuṃ) - to do; व्यवसिता (vyavasitā) - determined; वयम् (vayam) - we; यत् (yat) - that; राज्य (rājya) - kingdom; सुख (sukha) - pleasure; लोभेन (lobhena) - by greed; हन्तुं (hantuṃ) - to kill; स्व (sva) - own; जनम् (janam) - people; उद्यताः (udyatāḥ) - prepared;]
(Alas, indeed, we are determined to commit a great sin, as we are prepared to kill our own people out of greed for the pleasure of the kingdom.)
"Alas, how unfortunate it is that we are resolved to commit such a great sin by being ready to kill our own kinsmen out of greed for royal happiness."
यदि मामप्रतीकारमशस्त्रं शस्त्रपाणयः। धार्तराष्ट्रा रणे हन्युस्तन्मे क्षेमतरं भवेत् ॥६-२३-४६॥
yadi māmapratīkāramaśastraṃ śastrapāṇayaḥ। dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyustanme kṣemataram bhavet ॥6-23-46॥
[यदि (yadi) - if; माम् (mām) - me; अप्रतीकारम् (apratīkāram) - unresisting; अशस्त्रं (aśastram) - unarmed; शस्त्रपाणयः (śastrapāṇayaḥ) - those with weapons in hand; धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhritarashtra; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - may kill; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - for me; क्षेमतरं (kṣemataram) - more auspicious; भवेत् (bhavet) - would be;]
(If the sons of Dhritarashtra, with weapons in hand, should kill me in battle while I am unresisting and unarmed, that would be more auspicious for me.)
If the sons of Dhritarashtra, armed and ready, were to kill me in battle while I am unarmed and unresisting, it would be more fortunate for me.
एवमुक्त्वार्जुनः सङ्ख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत्। विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ॥६-२३-४७॥
evamuktvārjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśat। visṛjya saśaraṃ cāpaṃ śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ ॥6-23-47॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in the battlefield; रथोपस्थ (rathopastha) - on the chariot seat; उपाविशत् (upāviśat) - sat down; विसृज्य (visṛjya) - discarding; सशरम् (saśaram) - with arrows; चापम् (cāpam) - bow; शोकसंविग्नमानसः (śokasaṃvignamānasaḥ) - with a mind distressed by sorrow;]
(Thus having spoken, Arjuna sat down on the chariot seat in the battlefield, discarding his bow and arrows, with a mind distressed by sorrow.)
After speaking in this manner, Arjuna sat down on the seat of the chariot in the battlefield, letting go of his bow and arrows, his mind overwhelmed with sorrow.
