06.028
श्रीभगवानुवाच॥
The Blessed Lord spoke:
अनाश्रितः कर्मफलं कार्यं कर्म करोति यः। स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः ॥६-२८-१॥
A true renunciant and yogi is one who performs his duties without attachment to the results, not merely one who has renounced fire rituals or is inactive.
यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव। न ह्यसंन्यस्तसङ्कल्पो योगी भवति कश्चन ॥६-२८-२॥
The state which is called renunciation, understand that as yoga, O Pandava. Without giving up desires, no one can become a true yogi.
आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते। योगारूढस्य तस्यैव शमः कारणमुच्यते ॥६-२८-३॥
For the sage who wishes to ascend in yoga, action is the means. However, for one who has already attained yoga, tranquility is the sole means.
यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते। सर्वसङ्कल्पसंन्यासी योगारूढस्तदोच्यते ॥६-२८-४॥
When one is not attached to sensory objects or actions and has renounced all desires, then such a person is considered to have attained the state of yoga.
उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत्। आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ॥६-२८-५॥
One must elevate, not degrade, oneself by one's own efforts. For the self is one's own friend as well as one's own enemy.
बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः। अनात्मनस्तु शत्रुत्वे वर्तेतात्मैव शत्रुवत् ॥६-२८-६॥
For one who has mastered himself, the self acts as a friend. However, for one who lacks self-control, the self behaves like an enemy.
जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः। शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानावमानयोः ॥६-२८-७॥
For one who has mastered the mind and is serene, the Supreme Soul is well-established, remaining balanced in cold and heat, pleasure and pain, as well as in honor and dishonor.
ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः। युक्त इत्युच्यते योगी समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः ॥६-२८-८॥
A yogi, whose soul is content with knowledge and wisdom, who is steadfast and has conquered his senses, is said to be united, viewing a clod, stone, and gold as the same.
सुहृन्मित्रार्युदासीनमध्यस्थद्वेष्यबन्धुषु। साधुष्वपि च पापेषु समबुद्धिर्विशिष्यते ॥६-२८-९॥
A person who maintains an equal mind towards friends, companions, enemies, neutrals, mediators, those who are hateful, relatives, the virtuous, and even the sinful, stands out as exceptional.
योगी युञ्जीत सततमात्मानं रहसि स्थितः। एकाकी यतचित्तात्मा निराशीरपरिग्रहः ॥६-२८-१०॥
A yogi should constantly engage in meditation, remaining in solitude, alone, with a controlled mind and self, free from desires and possessions.
शुचौ देशे प्रतिष्ठाप्य स्थिरमासनमात्मनः। नात्युच्छ्रितं नातिनीचं चैलाजिनकुशोत्तरम् ॥६-२८-११॥
In a clean place, one should establish a firm seat of their own, which is neither too high nor too low, and should be covered with cloth, deer skin, and kusha grass.
तत्रैकाग्रं मनः कृत्वा यतचित्तेन्द्रियक्रियः। उपविश्यासने युञ्ज्याद्योगमात्मविशुद्धये ॥६-२८-१२॥
There, with a focused mind and controlled senses, one should sit on the seat and practice yoga for self-purification.
समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः। सम्प्रेक्ष्य नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन् ॥६-२८-१३॥
One should hold the body, head, and neck erect and still, gaze steadily at the tip of the nose, and not look around in other directions.
प्रशान्तात्मा विगतभीर्ब्रह्मचारिव्रते स्थितः। मनः संयम्य मच्चित्तो युक्त आसीत मत्परः ॥६-२८-१४॥
The one who has a peaceful mind, is fearless, follows the vow of celibacy, controls the mind, focuses on Me, and is engaged in devotion, should be dedicated to Me.
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी नियतमानसः। शान्तिं निर्वाणपरमां मत्संस्थामधिगच्छति ॥६-२८-१५॥
By constantly engaging the self in this manner, the yogi with a disciplined mind attains peace, which is the supreme state of liberation, and is established in Me.
नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोऽस्ति न चैकान्तमनश्नतः। न चातिस्वप्नशीलस्य जाग्रतो नैव चार्जुन ॥६-२८-१६॥
O Arjuna, yoga is not possible for those who eat too much or too little, nor for those who sleep too much or too little.
युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु। युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति दुःखहा ॥६-२८-१७॥
For one who is balanced in eating, recreation, working, sleeping, and waking, yoga becomes the path to dispel sorrow.
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते। निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा ॥६-२८-१८॥
"When one's mind is fully controlled and remains steadfast in the self, free from all desires, then one is said to be in perfect union."
यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता। योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः ॥६-२८-१९॥
"Just as a lamp in a windless place remains steady, so is the mind of the yogi who is absorbed in meditation on the self."
यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया। यत्र चैवात्मनात्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति ॥६-२८-२०॥
In that state where the mind is controlled through yoga practice, it comes to rest; and where one sees the self by the self and finds satisfaction within the self.
सुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्तद्बुद्धिग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम्। वेत्ति यत्र न चैवायं स्थितश्चलति तत्त्वतः ॥६-२८-२१॥
The ultimate happiness, which can be grasped by the intellect and is beyond the senses, is realized where one remains steadfast and does not waver from the truth.
यं लब्ध्वा चापरं लाभं मन्यते नाधिकं ततः। यस्मिन्स्थितो न दुःखेन गुरुणापि विचाल्यते ॥६-२८-२२॥
Upon attaining this state, one does not consider any other gain superior to it. Being established in this state, one is not disturbed even by the greatest of sorrows.
तं विद्याद्दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसञ्ज्ञितम्। स निश्चयेन योक्तव्यो योगोऽनिर्विण्णचेतसा ॥६-२८-२३॥
Yoga is the process of separating oneself from the bonds of sorrow. It should be practiced with firm resolve and a mind free from despair.
सङ्कल्पप्रभवान्कामांस्त्यक्त्वा सर्वानशेषतः। मनसैवेन्द्रियग्रामं विनियम्य समन्ततः ॥६-२८-२४॥
By completely giving up all desires born of imagination, and by controlling all the senses with the mind from every direction, one achieves tranquility.
शनैः शनैरुपरमेद्बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया। आत्मसंस्थं मनः कृत्वा न किञ्चिदपि चिन्तयेत् ॥६-२८-२५॥
Gradually, step by step, with a firm resolve, one should withdraw the mind and fix it on the self alone, without thinking of anything else.
यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम्। ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत् ॥६-२८-२६॥
Wherever the restless and unsteady mind wanders, one should restrain it and bring it back under the control of the self.
प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम्। उपैति शान्तरजसं ब्रह्मभूतमकल्मषम् ॥६-२८-२७॥
The yogi, whose mind is tranquil, who has subdued passions, and who is one with Brahman, indeed attains supreme happiness, free from all impurities.
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी विगतकल्मषः। सुखेन ब्रह्मसंस्पर्शमत्यन्तं सुखमश्नुते ॥६-२८-२८॥
The yogi, who constantly engages the self in this manner and is free from sin, effortlessly attains the ultimate bliss through union with the divine essence.
सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि। ईक्षते योगयुक्तात्मा सर्वत्र समदर्शनः ॥६-२८-२९॥
The yogi who is united with the self sees the self abiding in all beings and all beings in the self, and he sees with an equal vision everywhere.
यो मां पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वं च मयि पश्यति। तस्याहं न प्रणश्यामि स च मे न प्रणश्यति ॥६-२८-३०॥
"He who sees me everywhere and sees everything in me, I am never lost to him, nor is he ever lost to me."
सर्वभूतस्थितं यो मां भजत्येकत्वमास्थितः। सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि स योगी मयि वर्तते ॥६-२८-३१॥
The yogi who worships me, seeing me in all beings and established in oneness, lives in me regardless of his way of life.
आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन। सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं स योगी परमो मतः ॥६-२८-३२॥
O Arjuna, one who sees all with an equal eye, comparing everything with oneself, whether in happiness or distress, is considered the supreme yogi.
अर्जुन उवाच॥
Arjuna said:
योऽयं योगस्त्वया प्रोक्तः साम्येन मधुसूदन। एतस्याहं न पश्यामि चञ्चलत्वात्स्थितिं स्थिराम् ॥६-२८-३३॥
O Madhusudana, the yoga you have described with equanimity, I cannot perceive a steady state of it due to its restlessness.
चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद्दृढम्। तस्याहं निग्रहं मन्ये वायोरिव सुदुष्करम् ॥६-२८-३४॥
O Krishna, the mind is restless, turbulent, strong, and unyielding. I find it as difficult to control as the wind.
श्रीभगवानुवाच॥
The Blessed Lord spoke:
असंशयं महाबाहो मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम्। अभ्यासेन तु कौन्तेय वैराग्येण च गृह्यते ॥६-२८-३५॥
O mighty-armed, undoubtedly the mind is restless and difficult to control. However, with practice and detachment, O son of Kunti, it can be controlled.
असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः। वश्यात्मना तु यतता शक्योऽवाप्तुमुपायतः ॥६-२८-३६॥
In my opinion, yoga is difficult to attain with an unrestrained mind. However, with a controlled mind and effort, it is possible to achieve through the right means.
अर्जुन उवाच॥
Arjuna said:
अयतिः श्रद्धयोपेतो योगाच्चलितमानसः। अप्राप्य योगसंसिद्धिं कां गतिं कृष्ण गच्छति ॥६-२८-३७॥
O Krishna, what is the fate of a person who, though endowed with faith, is not self-controlled and whose mind has deviated from yoga without attaining perfection in yoga?
कच्चिन्नोभयविभ्रष्टश्छिन्नाभ्रमिव नश्यति। अप्रतिष्ठो महाबाहो विमूढो ब्रह्मणः पथि ॥६-२८-३८॥
O mighty-armed, is he not deviated from both, like a cloud cut off, perishing without foundation, bewildered on the spiritual path?
एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः। त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते ॥६-२८-३९॥
Krishna, you are the only one who can completely dispel my doubt. No one else is capable of doing so.
श्रीभगवानुवाच॥
The Blessed Lord said:
पार्थ नैवेह नामुत्र विनाशस्तस्य विद्यते। न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद्दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति ॥६-२८-४०॥
O Arjuna, there is no destruction for the righteous either in this world or the next. Indeed, my dear, one who performs good deeds never falls into misfortune.
प्राप्य पुण्यकृताँल्लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः। शुचीनां श्रीमतां गेहे योगभ्रष्टोऽभिजायते ॥६-२८-४१॥
After reaching the worlds of the virtuous and residing there for countless years, a person who has fallen from yoga is reborn in a family of purity and wealth.
अथ वा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम्। एतद्धि दुर्लभतरं लोके जन्म यदीदृशम् ॥६-२८-४२॥
Then, or he is born in the family of wise yogis; such a birth is indeed very rare in this world.
तत्र तं बुद्धिसंयोगं लभते पौर्वदेहिकम्। यतते च ततो भूयः संसिद्धौ कुरुनन्दन ॥६-२८-४३॥
In that place, he regains the connection with the wisdom from his past life and endeavors once more to achieve perfection, O descendant of Kuru.
पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव ह्रियते ह्यवशोऽपि सः। जिज्ञासुरपि योगस्य शब्दब्रह्मातिवर्तते ॥६-२८-४४॥
Due to the influence of previous practice, he is carried away helplessly. Even a seeker of yoga transcends the sound form of Brahman.
प्रयत्नाद्यतमानस्तु योगी संशुद्धकिल्बिषः। अनेकजन्मसंसिद्धस्ततो याति परां गतिम् ॥६-२८-४५॥
The yogi, through persistent effort and purification from sins over many lifetimes, ultimately reaches the highest state of spiritual realization.
तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः। कर्मिभ्यश्चाधिको योगी तस्माद्योगी भवार्जुन ॥६-२८-४६॥
A yogi is considered superior to ascetics, the wise, and those engaged in action. Therefore, Arjuna, you should strive to be a yogi.
योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना। श्रद्धावान्भजते यो मां स मे युक्ततमो मतः ॥६-२८-४७॥
Among all yogis, the one who worships Me with unwavering faith and whose mind is fully absorbed in Me is considered by Me to be the most devoted.
