13.070
नाचिकेतोपाख्यानम्
nāchiketopākhyānam
[नाचिकेत (nāchiketa) - Naciketas; (proper noun); उपाख्यानम् (upākhyānam) - story; account; narration;]
(Naciketas story;)
The story of Naciketas.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said.)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
दत्तानां फलसम्प्राप्तिं गवां प्रब्रूहि मेऽनघ। विस्तरेण महाबाहो न हि तृप्यामि कथ्यताम् ॥१३-७०-१॥
dattānāṃ phalasamprāptiṃ gavāṃ prabrūhi me'nagha। vistareṇa mahābāho na hi tṛpyāmi kathyatām ॥13-70-1॥
[दत्तानां (dattānāṃ) - of the given (gifts); फलसम्प्राप्तिं (phalasamprāptiṃ) - attainment of the fruit; गवां (gavāṃ) - of cows; प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - declare; मे (me) - to me; अन्घ (anagha) - O sinless one; विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; तृप्यामि (tṛpyāmi) - I am satisfied; कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told;]
(Of the given gifts, attainment of the fruit of cows declare to me, O sinless one. In detail, O mighty-armed one, not indeed I am satisfied, let it be told. (13-70-1))
O sinless one, tell me in detail about the attainment of the fruit of gifting cows. O mighty-armed one, I am not yet satisfied—let it be told. (13-70-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; (a proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - spoke; (third person singular, perfect, of the root 'vac'—to speak);]
(Bhishma spoke;)
Bhishma said;
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। ऋषेरुद्दालकेर्वाक्यं नाचिकेतस्य चोभयोः ॥१३-७०-२॥
atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam। ṛṣer uddālaker vākyaṃ nāciketasya cobhayoḥ ॥13-70-2॥
[अत्रापि (atrāpi) - here also; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite; they quote; इमम् (imam) - this; इतिहासं (itihāsaṃ) - ancient narrative; tradition; पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient; ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage; उद्दालकेः (uddālakeḥ) - of Uddālaka; वाक्यम् (vākyaṃ) - statement; word; नाचिकेतस्य (nāciketasya) - of Naciketas; च (ca) - and; उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both;]
(Here also they cite this ancient narrative: the statement of the sage Uddālaka, and of Naciketas, of both.)
Here too, they quote this ancient tradition—the saying of the sage Uddālaka and that of Naciketas, of both. (13-70-2)
ऋषिरुद्दालकिर्दीक्षामुपगम्य ततः सुतम्। त्वं मामुपचरस्वेति नाचिकेतमभाषत ॥ समाप्ते नियमे तस्मिन्महर्षिः पुत्रमब्रवीत् ॥१३-७०-३॥
ṛṣir uddālakir dīkṣām upagamya tataḥ sutam. tvaṁ mām upacarasva iti nāciketam abhāṣata ॥ samāpte niyame tasmin maharṣiḥ putram abravīt ॥13-70-3॥
[ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage; उद्दालकिः (uddālakiḥ) - Uddālaka (proper name); दीक्षाम् (dīkṣām) - initiation; उपगम्य (upagamya) - having approached; ततः (tataḥ) - then; सुतम् (sutam) - son; त्वम् (tvam) - you; माम् (mām) - me; उपचरस्व (upacarasva) - serve; इति (iti) - "; thus; नाचिकेतम् (nāciketam) - Naciketa (proper name); अभाषत (abhāṣata) - said; समाप्ते (samāpte) - having finished; नियमे (niyame) - discipline; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - great sage; पुत्रम् (putram) - son; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke;]
(The sage Uddālaka, having approached the initiation, then (to his) son, "You serve me" thus, to Naciketa said. Having finished that discipline, the great sage spoke to (his) son.)
The sage Uddālaka, having performed the initiation, then said to his son Naciketa, "You serve me." When that discipline was completed, the great sage spoke to his son. (13-70-3)
उपस्पर्शनसक्तस्य स्वाध्यायनिरतस्य च। इध्मा दर्भाः सुमनसः कलशश्चाभितो जलम् ॥ विस्मृतं मे तदादाय नदीतीरादिहाव्रज ॥१३-७०-४॥
upasparśanasaktasya svādhyāyaniratasya ca। idhmā darbhāḥ sumanasaḥ kalaśaś cābhito jalam ॥ vismṛtaṃ me tad ādāya nadītīrād ihāvraja ॥13-70-4॥
[उपस्पर्शनसक्तस्य (upasparśanasaktasya) - of one engaged in ceremonial touching; स्वाध्यायनिरतस्य (svādhyāyaniratasya) - of one devoted to self-study; च (ca) - and; इध्मा (idhmā) - sacrificial sticks; दर्भाः (darbhāḥ) - sacrificial grass; सुमनसः (sumanasaḥ) - flowers; कलशः (kalaśaḥ) - a waterpot; च (ca) - and; अभितः (abhitaḥ) - near; जलम् (jalam) - water; विस्मृतम् (vismṛtam) - forgotten; मे (me) - by me; तत् (tat) - that; आदाय (ādāya) - having brought; नदीतीरात् (nadītīrāt) - from the riverbank; इह (iha) - here; आव्रज (āvraja) - come;]
(Of one engaged in ceremonial touching, of one devoted to self-study, and sacrificial sticks, sacrificial grass, flowers, waterpot, and water near—forgotten by me, that, having brought from the riverbank, come here.)
For one engaged in ceremonial touching and devoted to self-study, the sacrificial sticks, grass, flowers, pot, and water near—what I have forgotten, please bring that from the riverbank and come here. (13-70-4)
गत्वानवाप्य तत्सर्वं नदीवेगसमाप्लुतम्। न पश्यामि तदित्येवं पितरं सोऽब्रवीन्मुनिः ॥१३-७०-५॥
gatvānavāpya tatsarvaṃ nadī-vega-samāplutam। na paśyāmi tad-ity-evaṃ pitaraṃ so'bravīn muniḥ ॥13-70-5॥
[गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; अनवाप्य (anavāpya) - not having obtained; तत् (tat) - that; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; नदी (nadī) - river; वेग (vega) - current; समाप्लुतम् (samāplutam) - completely submerged; न (na) - not; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; तत् (tat) - that; इति (iti) - thus; एवं (evaṃ) - in this way; पितरम् (pitaram) - to father; सः (saḥ) - he; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage;]
(Having gone and not having obtained all that, completely submerged by the river's current, not I see that—thus to his father, he, the sage, said.)
Having gone there and not having obtained all that, as it was completely submerged by the river's current, he, the sage, said to his father in this way: "I do not see that." (13-70-5)
क्षुत्पिपासाश्रमाविष्टो मुनिरुद्दालकिस्तदा। यमं पश्येति तं पुत्रमशपत्स महातपाः ॥१३-७०-६॥
kṣutpipāsāśramāviṣṭo muniruddālakistadā। yamaṃ paśyeti taṃ putramaśapatsa mahātapāḥ ॥13-70-6॥
[क्षुत्-पिपासा-अश्रम-अाविष्टः (kṣut-pipāsā-aśrama-āviṣṭaḥ) - afflicted by hunger and thirst; मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage; उद्दालकिः (uddālakiḥ) - Uddālaka; तदा (tadā) - then; यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death); पश्य (paśya) - see; इति (iti) - thus; तम् (tam) - him; पुत्रम् (putram) - (his) son; अशपत् (aśapat) - cursed; सः (saḥ) - he; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - the one of great austerity;]
(Afflicted by hunger and thirst, the sage Uddālaka then (thought) 'See Yama!' Thus, he cursed that son, he of great austerity.)
Then, suffering from hunger and thirst, the sage Uddālaka, being greatly austere, saw his son as Yama and cursed him. (13-70-6)
तथा स पित्राभिहतो वाग्वज्रेण कृताञ्जलिः। प्रसीदेति ब्रुवन्नेव गतसत्त्वोऽपतद्भुवि ॥१३-७०-७॥
tathā sa pitrābhihato vāgvajreṇa kṛtāñjaliḥ। prasīdeti bruvanneva gatasattvo'patad bhuvi॥13-70-7॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; स (sa) - he; पित्रा (pitrā) - by (his) father; अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck; वाग्वज्रेण (vāgvajreṇa) - by the thunderbolt of words; कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms; प्रसीदेति (prasīdeti) - "be gracious"; ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking; एव (eva) - just; गतसत्त्वः (gatasattvaḥ) - one whose life had departed; अपतत् (apatat) - fell; भुवि (bhuvi) - to the ground;]
(Thus he, struck by his father with a thunderbolt of words, with joined palms, just while uttering "be gracious", one whose life had departed, fell to the ground.)
Thus, struck by his father's thunderbolt-like words, with joined palms, even as he was saying "be gracious", he whose life had departed fell to the ground. (13-70-7)
नाचिकेतं पिता दृष्ट्वा पतितं दुःखमूर्छितः। किं मया कृतमित्युक्त्वा निपपात महीतले ॥१३-७०-८॥
nāciketaṁ pitā dṛṣṭvā patitaṁ duḥkhamūrchitaḥ। kiṁ mayā kṛtamityuktvā nipapāta mahītale॥13-70-8॥
[नाचिकेतं (nāciketam) - Naciketa; (son's name); पिता (pitā) - father; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; पतितं (patitam) - fallen; दुःखमूर्छितः (duḥkhamūrchitaḥ) - unconscious with grief; किं (kiṁ) - what; मया (mayā) - by me; कृतम् (kṛtam) - done; इति (iti) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said; निपपात (nipapāta) - fell down; महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground;]
(Having seen Naciketa fallen, the father, unconscious with grief, having said "What has been done by me?" fell down on the ground.)
Seeing Naciketa fallen, his father, overcome with grief, exclaimed "What have I done?" and collapsed onto the ground. (13-70-8)
तस्य दुःखपरीतस्य स्वं पुत्रमुपगूहतः। व्यतीतं तदहःशेषं सा चोग्रा तत्र शर्वरी ॥१३-७०-९॥
tasya duḥkhaparītasya svaṃ putram upagūhataḥ। vyatītaṃ tadahaḥśeṣaṃ sā cogrā tatra śarvarī ॥13-70-9॥
[तस्य (tasya) - of him; दुःखपरीतस्य (duḥkhaparītasya) - of the one afflicted by sorrow; स्वं (svaṃ) - his own; पुत्रम् (putram) - son; उपगूहतः (upagūhataḥ) - embracing; व्यतीतं (vyatītaṃ) - passed; तदहःशेषं (tadahaḥśeṣaṃ) - that remaining day; सा (sā) - she; च (ca) - and; उग्र (ugra) - terrible; तत्र (tatra) - there; शर्वरी (śarvarī) - night;]
(Of him afflicted by sorrow, embracing his own son, that remaining day passed. And she, the terrible night, there (also passed).)
He, afflicted by sorrow, embraced his son, and the rest of that day passed; there, too, the dreadful night (passed). (13-70-9)
पित्र्येणाश्रुप्रपातेन नाचिकेतः कुरूद्वह। प्रास्पन्दच्छयने कौश्ये वृष्ट्या सस्यमिवाप्लुतम् ॥१३-७०-१०॥
pitryeṇāśruprapātena nāciketaḥ kurūdvaha। prāspandacchayane kauśye vṛṣṭyā sasyamivāplutam ॥13-70-10॥
[पित्र्येण (pitryeṇa) - with paternal; अश्रुप्रपातेन (aśruprapātena) - by the falling of tears; नाचिकेतः (nāciketaḥ) - Naciketas; कुरूद्वह (kurūdvaha) - O best of the Kurus; प्रास्पन्दत् (prāspandat) - quivered; शयने (śayane) - on the bed; कौश्ये (kauśye) - on silk; वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - by rain; सस्यम् (sasyam) - grain; इव (iva) - like; आप्लुतम् (āplutam) - soaked;]
(With paternal falling of tears, Naciketas, O best of the Kurus, quivered on the silk bed like grain soaked by rain.)
O best of the Kurus, Naciketas, touched by his father's falling tears, quivered on the silk bed like grain soaked by rain. (13-70-10)
स पर्यपृच्छत्तं पुत्रं श्लाघ्यं प्रत्यागतं पुनः। दिव्यैर्गन्धैः समादिग्धं क्षीणस्वप्नमिवोत्थितम् ॥१३-७०-११॥
sa paryapṛcchat taṃ putraṃ ślāghyaṃ pratyāgataṃ punaḥ। divyaiḥ gandhaiḥ samādigdhaṃ kṣīṇa-svapnam iva utthitam॥13-70-11॥
[स (sa) - he; पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - enquired (all around); तं (taṃ) - him; पुत्रं (putraṃ) - son; श्लाघ्यं (ślāghyam) - praiseworthy; प्रत्यागतं (pratyāgatam) - returned; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; दिव्यैः (divyaiḥ) - with divine; गन्धैः (gandhaiḥ) - fragrances; समादिग्धं (samādigdham) - smeared all over; क्षीणस्वप्नम् (kṣīṇa-svapnam) - with sleep diminished; इव (iva) - like; उत्थितम् (utthitam) - awakened;]
(He enquired him, the praiseworthy son returned again, smeared all over with divine fragrances, like one with sleep diminished, awakened.)
He questioned his praiseworthy son, who had returned, again—he was covered with divine fragrances, as if awakened after sleep had passed. (13-70-11)
अपि पुत्र जिता लोकाः शुभास्ते स्वेन कर्मणा। दिष्ट्या चासि पुनः प्राप्तो न हि ते मानुषं वपुः ॥१३-७०-१२॥
api putra jitā lokāḥ śubhās te svena karmaṇā। diṣṭyā cāsi punaḥ prāpto na hi te mānuṣaṃ vapuḥ ॥13-70-12॥
[अपि (api) - indeed; पुत्र (putra) - son; जिता (jitā) - conquered; लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds; शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious; ते (te) - by you; स्वेन (svena) - by one's own; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by fortune; च (ca) - and; असि (asi) - you are; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - your; मानुषं (mānuṣam) - human; वपुः (vapuḥ) - form;]
(Indeed, son, conquered are worlds auspicious by you by own action. By fortune and you are again arrived; not indeed your human form.)
Indeed, son, you have conquered auspicious worlds by your own deeds. By fortune you have returned again; truly, your form is not human. (13-70-12)
प्रत्यक्षदर्शी सर्वस्य पित्रा पृष्टो महात्मना। अन्वर्थं तं पितुर्मध्ये महर्षीणां न्यवेदयत् ॥१३-७०-१३॥
pratyakṣadarśī sarvasya pitrā pṛṣṭo mahātmanā। anvarthaṃ taṃ piturmadhye maharṣīṇāṃ nyavedayat॥13-70-13॥
[प्रत्यक्षदर्शी (pratyakṣadarśī) - direct witness; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all; पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father; पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled; अन्वर्थम् (anvartham) - suitably; तम् (tam) - him; पितुःमध्ये (piturmadhye) - in the midst of the fathers; महर्षीणाम् (maharṣīṇām) - of the great sages; न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - declared;]
(The direct witness of all, having been asked by the great-souled father, suitably declared him in the midst of the fathers among the great sages.)
The witness of all, having been questioned by the great-souled father, appropriately revealed him in the assembly of the fathers among the great sages. (13-70-13)
कुर्वन्भवच्छासनमाशु यातो; ह्यहं विशालां रुचिरप्रभावाम्। वैवस्वतीं प्राप्य सभामपश्यं; सहस्रशो योजनहैमभौमाम् ॥१३-७०-१४॥
kurvan bhava-cchāsanam āśu yāto; hy ahaṃ viśālāṃ rucira-prabhāvām। vaivasvatīṃ prāpya sabhām apaśyaṃ; sahasraśo yojana-haima-bhaumāṃ॥13-70-14॥
[कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; भवच्छासनम् (bhava-cchāsanam) - ordering for departure; आशु (āśu) - quickly; यातः (yātaḥ) - gone; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; विशालाम् (viśālām) - vast; रुचिरप्रभावाम् (rucira-prabhāvām) - splendid-radiant; वैवस्वतीम् (vaivasvatīm) - Vaivasvatī (Yama's hall); प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly-hall; अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw; सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands; योजन (yojana) - yojana (a measure of distance); हैमभौमाम् (haima-bhaumām) - golden and earthly;]
(Doing the departure-order quickly gone; indeed I vast splendid-radiant Vaivasvatī having reached assembly-hall I saw; by thousands yojana golden and earthly.)
Having promptly carried out the command to depart, I indeed went, and having reached the vast and splendid-radiant Vaivasvatī assembly hall, I saw it stretching for thousands of yojanas, golden and earthly. (13-70-14)
दृष्ट्वैव मामभिमुखमापतन्तं; गृहं निवेद्यासनमादिदेश। वैवस्वतोऽर्घ्यादिभिरर्हणैश्च; भवत्कृते पूजयामास मां सः ॥१३-७०-१५॥
dṛṣṭvaiva mām abhimukham āpatantaṃ; gṛhaṃ nivedy āsanam ādideśa. vaivasvato'rghyādibhir arhaṇaiś ca; bhavat-kṛte pūjayāmāsa māṃ saḥ ॥13-70-15॥
[दृष्ट्वैव (dṛṣṭvaiva) - having seen—indeed; माम् (mām) - me; अभिमुखम् (abhimukham) - facing towards (him); आपतन्तं (āpatantam) - approaching; गृहं (gṛham) - house; निवेद्य (nivedya) - having offered; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat; आदिदेश (ādideśa) - he indicated (commanded); वैवस्वतः (vaivasvataḥ) - Vaivasvata (proper name, Yama); अर्घ्यादिभिः (arghyādibhiḥ) - with arghya and the like; अर्हणैः (arhaṇaiḥ) - honors (reverential rites); च (ca) - and; भवत्कृते (bhavat-kṛte) - for your sake; पूजयामास (pūjayāmāsa) - he honored; माम् (mām) - me; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Having seen me approaching facing towards him, having offered the house, he indicated a seat. Vaivasvata, with arghya and the like and with honors, for your sake, he honored me.)
As soon as he saw me coming towards him, he offered me a seat in the house and instructed me to take it. Vaivasvata (Yama), with arghya and other honors, received me with reverence for your sake. (13-70-15)
ततस्त्वहं तं शनकैरवोचं; वृतं सदस्यैरभिपूज्यमानम्। प्राप्तोऽस्मि ते विषयं धर्मराज; लोकानर्हे यान्स्म तान्मे विधत्स्व ॥१३-७०-१६॥
tatastvahaṃ taṃ śanakairavocaṃ; vṛtaṃ sadasyairabhipūjyamānam। prāpto'smi te viṣayaṃ dharmarāja; lokānarhe yān sma tān me vidhatsva॥13-70-16॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; त्व (tva) - but; अहम् (aham) - I; तं (taṃ) - him; शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly; अवोचम् (avocam) - said; वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded; सदस्यैः (sadasyaiḥ) - by members; अभिपूज्यमानम् (abhipūjyamānam) - being respected; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - reached; अस्मि (asmi) - am; ते (te) - your; विषयम् (viṣayam) - domain; धर्मराज (dharmarāja) - O Dharmarāja; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; अर्हे (arhe) - I am worthy; यान् (yān) - which; स्म (sma) - indeed; तान् (tān) - those; मे (me) - to me; विधत्स्व (vidhatsva) - bestow;]
(Then but I him slowly said; surrounded by members, being respected. Reached am your domain, O Dharmarāja; worlds I am worthy, which indeed, those to me bestow.)
Then I slowly said to him, who was surrounded by respected members: O Dharmarāja, I have reached your realm; grant me those worlds which I am truly worthy of. (13-70-16)
यमोऽब्रवीन्मां न मृतोऽसि सौम्य; यमं पश्येत्याह तु त्वां तपस्वी। पिता प्रदीप्ताग्निसमानतेजा; न तच्छक्यमनृतं विप्र कर्तुम् ॥१३-७०-१७॥
yamo'bravīn māṁ na mṛto'si saumya; yamaṁ paśyety āha tu tvāṁ tapasvī। pitā pradīptāgnisamānatējā; na tac chakyaṁ anṛtaṁ vipra kartum ॥13-70-17॥
[यमः (yamaḥ) (yamaḥ) - Yama; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) (abravīt) - said; माम् (mām) (mām) - to me; न (na) (na) - not; मृतः (mṛtaḥ) (mṛtaḥ) - dead; असि (asi) (asi) - are (you); सौम्य (saumya) (saumya) - gentle one; यमम् (yamam) (yamam) - Yama; पश्य (paśya) (paśya) - see; इति (iti) (iti) - thus; आह (āha) (āha) - said; तु (tu) (tu) - but; त्वाम् (tvām) (tvām) - to you; तपस्वी (tapasvī) (tapasvī) - ascetic; पिता (pitā) (pitā) - father; प्रदीप्त-अग्नि-समान-तेजा (pradīpta-agni-samāna-tejā) (pradīpta-agni-samāna-tejā) - having brilliance equal to blazing fire; न (na) (na) - not; तत् (tat) (tat) - that; शक्यम् (śakyam) (śakyam) - possible; अनृतम् (anṛtam) (anṛtam) - falsehood; विप्र (vipra) (vipra) - brāhmaṇa; कर्तुम् (kartum) (kartum) - to do;]
(Yama said to me, 'You are not dead, O gentle one.' But the ascetic said to you, 'See Yama.' (Your) father, possessing brilliance equal to blazing fire; that falsehood is not possible to be done, O brāhmaṇa.)
Yama said to me, 'You are not dead, gentle one.' But the ascetic said to you, 'See Yama.' Your father, whose brilliance equals blazing fire; O brāhmaṇa, that cannot be made a falsehood. (13-70-17)
दृष्टस्तेऽहं प्रतिगच्छस्व तात; शोचत्यसौ तव देहस्य कर्ता। ददामि किं चापि मनःप्रणीतं; प्रियातिथे तव कामान्वृणीष्व ॥१३-७०-१८॥
dṛṣṭaste'haṃ pratigacchasva tāta; śocat y asau tava dehasya kartā। dadāmi kiṃ cāpi manaḥpraṇītaṃ; priyātithe tava kāmānvṛṇīṣva ॥13-70-18॥
[दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen; ते (te) - by you; अहम् (aham) - I; प्रतिगच्छस्व (pratigacchasva) - go back; तात (tāta) - dear father; शोचति (śocati) - mourns; असौ (asau) - he; तव (tava) - for your; देहस्य (dehasya) - body; कर्त्ता (kartā) - performer; ददामि (dadāmi) - I give; किम् (kim) - what; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; मनःप्रणीतम् (manaḥpraṇītam) - desired by mind; प्रियातिथे (priyātithe) - O dear guest; तव (tava) - your; कामान् (kāmān) - desires; वृणीष्व (vṛṇīṣva) - ask for;]
(Seen by you I; go back, dear father; mourns he for your body's performer. I give what and also desired by mind; O dear guest, your desires ask for. (13-70-18))
You have seen me; now return, dear father. He who performs your funeral rites mourns for your body. I will give you anything also that your mind desires; O beloved guest, ask for whatever you wish. (13-70-18)
तेनैवमुक्तस्तमहं प्रत्यवोचं; प्राप्तोऽस्मि ते विषयं दुर्निवर्त्यम्। इच्छाम्यहं पुण्यकृतां समृद्धाँ; ल्लोकान्द्रष्टुं यदि तेऽहं वरार्हः ॥१३-७०-१९॥
tenaivam uktas tam ahaṃ pratyavocaṃ; prāpto'smi te viṣayaṃ durnivartyam। icchāmy ahaṃ puṇyakṛtāṃ samṛddhāṃ lokān draṣṭuṃ yadi te'haṃ varārhaḥ॥13-70-19॥
[तेन (tena) - by him; एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; तम् (tam) - him; अहम् (aham) - I; प्रत्यवोचम् (pratyavocam) - replied; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; अस्मि (asmi) - am; ते (te) - your; विषयम् (viṣayam) - object; दुर्निवर्त्यम् (durnivartyam) - hard to turn away from; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; अहम् (aham) - I; पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of the doers of merit; समृद्धान् (samṛddhān) - prosperous; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see; यदि (yadi) - if; ते (te) - by you; अहम् (aham) - I; वरार्हः (varārhaḥ) - worthy of boon;]
(By him thus addressed, to him I replied: I have obtained your object, which is hard to be turned away. I desire, I, to see the prosperous worlds of the doers of merit, if by you I am worthy of a boon. (13-70-19))
Thus addressed by him, I replied: I have gained that purpose of yours which is difficult to reverse. I wish to see the prosperous worlds of the virtuous, if I am worthy of a boon from you. (13-70-19)
यानं समारोप्य तु मां स देवो; वाहैर्युक्तं सुप्रभं भानुमन्तम्। संदर्शयामास तदा स्म लोका; न्सर्वांस्तदा पुण्यकृतां द्विजेन्द्र ॥१३-७०-२०॥
yānaṃ samāropya tu māṃ sa devo; vāhair yuktaṃ suprabhaṃ bhānumantam। saṃdarśayāmāsa tadā sma lokān; sarvāṃs tadā puṇyakṛtāṃ dvijendra ॥13-70-20॥
[यानं (yānam) - vehicle; समारोप्य (samāropya) - having caused to ascend; तु (tu) - but; मां (mām) - me; स (sa) - he; देवो (devaḥ) - the god; वाहैः (vāhaiḥ) - with steeds; युक्तं (yuktam) - yoked; सुप्रभं (suprabham) - resplendent; भानुमन्तम् (bhānumantam) - radiant; संदर्शयामास (saṃdarśayāmāsa) - caused to see; तदा (tadā) - then; स्म (sma) - indeed; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; तदा (tadā) - then; पुण्यकृताम् (puṇyakṛtām) - of the virtuous; द्विजेन्द्र (dvijendra) - O best of Brāhmaṇas;]
(Having caused me to ascend the vehicle, that god—yoked with steeds, resplendent, radiant—then indeed caused me to see all the worlds of the virtuous then, O best of Brāhmaṇas.)
That god placed me on the vehicle, yoked with steeds, radiant and resplendent, and then, O best of Brāhmaṇas, made me behold all the worlds of the virtuous. (13-70-20)
अपश्यं तत्र वेश्मानि तैजसानि कृतात्मनाम्। नानासंस्थानरूपाणि सर्वरत्नमयानि च ॥१३-७०-२१॥
apaśyaṁ tatra veśmāni taijasāni kṛtātmanām. nānāsaṁsthānarūpāṇi sarvaratnamayāni ca ॥13-70-21॥
[अपश्यं (apaśyam) - I saw; तत्र (tatra) - there; वेश्मानि (veśmāni) - mansions; तैजसानि (taijasāni) - radiant; कृतात्मनाम् (kṛtātmanām) - of the self-controlled; नाना (nānā) - various; संस्थान (saṁsthāna) - forms; रूपाणि (rūpāṇi) - shapes; सर्व (sarva) - all; रत्नमयानि (ratnamayāni) - made of jewels; च (ca) - and;]
(I saw there mansions radiant of the self-controlled, various-forms shapes, all made of jewels and.)
I saw there radiant mansions of the self-controlled, of many forms and shapes, all made of jewels. (13-70-21)
चन्द्रमण्डलशुभ्राणि किङ्किणीजालवन्ति च। अनेकशतभौमानि सान्तर्जलवनानि च ॥१३-७०-२२॥
candramaṇḍalaśubhrāṇi kiṅkiṇījālavanti ca। anekaśatabhaumāni sāntarjalavanāni ca ॥13-70-22॥
[चन्द्रमण्डलशुभ्राणि (candramaṇḍalaśubhrāṇi) - moon-disk-radiant; (things) as bright as the orb of the moon; किङ्किणीजालवन्ति (kiṅkiṇījālavanti) - adorned with networks of small bells; च (ca) - and; अनेकशतभौमानि (anekaśatabhaumāni) - having the prestige (wealth) of many hundreds; सान्तर्जलवनानि (sāntarjalavanāni) - provided with internal water-assemblages (groves with water within); च (ca) - and;]
(Moon-disk-radiant (things) adorned with networks of small bells and having the prestige of many hundreds, and provided with groves having water within, and.)
There were objects as bright as the full moon, adorned with rows of tiny bells, possessing the wealth of many hundreds, and containing groves with water inside. (13-70-22)
वैडूर्यार्कप्रकाशानि रूप्यरुक्ममयानि च। तरुणादित्यवर्णानि स्थावराणि चराणि च ॥१३-७०-२३॥
vaiḍūryārkaprakāśāni rūpyarukmamayāni ca। taruṇādityavarṇāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca॥13-70-23॥
[वैडूर्य-अर्क-प्रकाशानि (vaiḍūrya-arka-prakāśāni) - lustrous-like cat's eye gem and sun; रूप्य-रुक्म-मयानि (rūpya-rukma-mayāni) - made of silver and gold; च (ca) - and; तरुण-अदित्य-वर्णानि (taruṇa-aditya-varṇāni) - having the color of the rising sun; स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - immobile things; चराणि (carāṇi) - mobile things; च (ca) - and;]
(Lustrous like cat's eye gem and the sun, made of silver and gold; having the color of the youthful sun, immobile and mobile things also.)
There are objects lustrous like cat's eye gems and the sun, composed of silver and gold, shining with the hue of the youthful sun—these include both immobile and mobile beings. (13-70-23)
भक्ष्यभोज्यमयाञ्शैलान्वासांसि शयनानि च। सर्वकामफलांश्चैव वृक्षान्भवनसंस्थितान् ॥१३-७०-२४॥
bhakṣyabhojyamayāñśailānvāsāṃsi śayanāni ca। sarvakāmaphalāṃścaiva vṛkṣānbhavanasamsthitān ॥13-70-24॥
[भक्ष्य (bhakṣya) - to be eaten; edible; food; भोज्य (bhojya) - to be enjoyed (by eating); मयान् (mayān) - composed of; made of; शैलान् (śailān) - mountains; वासांसि (vāsāṃsi) - cloths; garments; शयनानि (śayanāni) - beds; च (ca) - and; सर्व (sarva) - all; काम (kāma) - desire; फलान् (phalān) - fruits; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees; भवन (bhavana) - house; dwelling; संस्थितान् (saṃsthitān) - situated; placed;]
(Mountains made of edible and enjoyable substances, garments, and beds; and trees within the dwellings indeed bearing fruits that are the fulfillment of all desires.)
Mountains made of edible and enjoyable materials, garments, beds, and trees bearing all wish-fulfilling fruits standing within the houses. (13-70-24)
नद्यो वीथ्यः सभा वापी दीर्घिकाश्चैव सर्वशः। घोषवन्ति च यानानि युक्तान्येव सहस्रशः ॥१३-७०-२५॥
nadyo vīthyaḥ sabhā vāpi dīrghikāścaiva sarvaśaḥ। ghoṣavanti ca yānāni yuktānyeva sahasraśaḥ॥13-70-25॥
[नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers; वीथ्यः (vīthyaḥ) - streets; सभा (sabhā) - assembly halls; वापी (vāpī) - reservoirs; दीर्घिकाः (dīrghikāḥ) - tanks; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere; घोषवन्ति (ghoṣavanti) - resounding; च (ca) - and; यानानि (yānāni) - vehicles; युक्तानि (yuktāni) - yoked (with animals); एव (eva) - indeed; सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands;]
(Rivers, streets, assembly halls, reservoirs, tanks, and indeed everywhere; and vehicles resounding, yoked indeed, by thousands.)
Rivers, streets, assembly halls, reservoirs, tanks, and everywhere are seen, and thousands of vehicles, all yoked, resound everywhere. (13-70-25)
क्षीरस्रवा वै सरितो गिरींश्च; सर्पिस्तथा विमलं चापि तोयम्। वैवस्वतस्यानुमतांश्च देशा; नदृष्टपूर्वान्सुबहूनपश्यम् ॥१३-७०-२६॥
kṣīrasravā vai sarito girīṃś ca; sarpis tathā vimalaṃ cāpi toyam. vaivasvatasyānumatāṃś ca deśā; na dṛṣṭapūrvān subahūn apaśyam ॥13-70-26॥
[क्षीरस्रवा (kṣīrasravā) (kṣīrasravā) - milk-flowing; वै (vai) (vai) - indeed; सरितः (saritaḥ) (saritaḥ) - rivers; गिरीन् (girīn) (girīn) - mountains; च (ca) (ca) - and; सर्पि (sarpi) (sarpi) - ghee; स्तथा (tathā) (tathā) - also; विमलं (vimalaṃ) (vimalaṃ) - pure; च (ca) (ca) - and; अपि (api) (api) - also; तोयम् (toyam) (toyam) - water; वैवस्वतस्य (vaivasvatasya) (vaivasvatasya) - of Vaivasvata; अनुमतान् (anumatān) (anumatān) - permitted; च (ca) (ca) - and; देशाः (deśāḥ) (deśāḥ) - regions; न (na) (na) - not; दृष्टपूर्वान् (dṛṣṭapūrvān) (dṛṣṭapūrvān) - seen before; सुबहून् (subahūn) (subahūn) - very many; अपश्यम् (apaśyam) (apaśyam) - I saw;]
(Milk-flowing indeed rivers, mountains and; ghee also pure and also water; Vaivasvata's permitted and regions; not seen before, very many, I saw.)
I saw many rivers flowing with milk, mountains, ghee, pure water, regions permitted by Vaivasvata, and very many places I had not seen before. (13-70-26)
सर्वं दृष्ट्वा तदहं धर्मराज; मवोचं वै प्रभविष्णुं पुराणम्। क्षीरस्यैताः सर्पिषश्चैव नद्यः; शश्वत्स्रोताः कस्य भोज्याः प्रदिष्टाः ॥१३-७०-२७॥
sarvaṃ dṛṣṭvā tadahaṃ dharmarāja; m avocaṃ vai prabhaviṣṇuṃ purāṇam। kṣīrasya etāḥ sarpiṣaś caiva nadyaḥ; śaśvat-srotāḥ kasya bhojyāḥ pradiṣṭāḥ ॥13-70-27॥
[सर्वं (sarvam) - all; everything; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; तद् (tad) - that; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; धर्मराज (dharmarāja) - Dharmarāja; king of righteousness; मवोचं (m avocaṃ) - I said; वै (vai) - indeed; प्रभविष्णुं (prabhaviṣṇum) - the powerful Viṣṇu; पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient; venerable; क्षीरस्य (kṣīrasya) - of milk; एताः (etāḥ) - these (feminine plural); सर्पिषः (sarpiṣaḥ) - of ghee; चैव (caiva) - and also; नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers; शश्वत्स्रोताः (śaśvat-srotāḥ) - having perpetual streams; कस्य (kasya) - of whom; for whom; भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) - to be enjoyed; eatable; प्रदिष्टाः (pradiṣṭāḥ) - assigned; designated; prescribed;]
(Having seen all that, I, Dharmarāja, indeed said to the powerful, venerable Viṣṇu: “These rivers of milk and also of ghee, with perpetual streams, to whom are they assigned for enjoyment?” (13-70-27))
After seeing everything, I, Dharmarāja, said to the great and ancient Viṣṇu: “These ever-flowing rivers of milk and ghee—for whom have they been appointed for enjoyment?” (13-70-27)
यमोऽब्रवीद्विद्धि भोज्यास्त्वमेता; ये दातारः साधवो गोरसानाम्। अन्ये लोकाः शाश्वता वीतशोकाः; समाकीर्णा गोप्रदाने रतानाम् ॥१३-७०-२८॥
yamo'bravīd viddhi bhojyās tvam etāḥ; ye dātāraḥ sādhavo gorasānām। anye lokāḥ śāśvatā vītaśokāḥ; samākīrṇā gopradāne ratānām॥ 13-70-28॥
[यमः (yamaḥ) (yamaḥ) - Yama; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) (abravīt) - said; विद्धि (viddhi) (viddhi) - know; भोज्याः (bhojyāḥ) (bhojyāḥ) - to be enjoyed; त्वम् (tvam) (tvam) - you; एताः (etāḥ) (etāḥ) - these; ये (ye) (ye) - who; दातारः (dātāraḥ) (dātāraḥ) - givers; साधवः (sādhavaḥ) (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous; गोरसानाम् (gorasānām) (gorasānām) - of the essence of cows; अन्ये (anye) (anye) - other; लोकाः (lokāḥ) (lokāḥ) - worlds; शाश्वताः (śāśvatāḥ) (śāśvatāḥ) - eternal; वीतशोकाः (vītaśokāḥ) (vītaśokāḥ) - free from sorrow; समाकीर्णाः (samākīrṇāḥ) (samākīrṇāḥ) - filled; गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) (gopradāne) - in the giving of cows; रतानाम् (ratānām) (ratānām) - for those engrossed;]
(Yama said, know, you, these are to be enjoyed; who givers, virtuous, of the essence of cows. Other worlds, eternal, free from sorrow, filled with (those) engrossed in the giving of cows.)
Yama said: Know that these (pleasures) are for you to enjoy; those who are givers, virtuous, and give the essence of cows (their due) attain other worlds which are eternal, free from sorrow, and filled with those devoted to cow-giving. (13-70-28)
न त्वेवासां दानमात्रं प्रशस्तं; पात्रं कालो गोविशेषो विधिश्च। ज्ञात्वा देया विप्र गवान्तरं हि; दुःखं ज्ञातुं पावकादित्यभूतम् ॥१३-७०-२९॥
na tvevāsāṃ dānamātraṃ praśastaṃ; pātraṃ kālo goviśeṣo vidhiśca. jñātvā deyā vipra gavāntaraṃ hi; duḥkhaṃ jñātuṃ pāvakādityabhūtam ॥13-70-29॥
[न (na) - not; त्व (tve) - indeed; एव (eva) - verily; असां (āsām) - of these (cows); दानमात्रं (dānamātraṃ) - mere giving; प्रशस्तं (praśastaṃ) - commendable; पात्रं (pātraṃ) - recipient; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; गोविशेषः (goviśeṣaḥ) - particular kind of cow; विधिः (vidhiḥ) - method; च (ca) - and; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known; देया (deyā) - should be given; विप्र (vipra) - O brāhmaṇa; गवान्तरं (gavāntaraṃ) - difference among cows; हि (hi) - indeed; दुःखं (duḥkhaṃ) - pain; ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know; पावक (pāvaka) - fire; आदित्य (āditya) - sun; भूतम् (bhūtam) - existent (arising);]
(Not indeed is of these mere giving commendable; recipient, time, particular cow, and method (should be) (considered). Having known, should be given, O brāhmaṇa, the distinction among the cows indeed; pain to know is that which arises from fire and sun.)
Truly, mere giving of these cows is not commendable; the recipient, the time, the particular kind of cow, and the method must be considered. O brāhmaṇa, only after knowing these distinctions among cows should they be given; for the pain arising from fire and the sun must be understood. (13-70-29)
स्वाध्यायाढ्यो योऽतिमात्रं तपस्वी; वैतानस्थो ब्राह्मणः पात्रमासाम्। कृच्छ्रोत्सृष्टाः पोषणाभ्यागताश्च; द्वारैरेतैर्गोविशेषाः प्रशस्ताः ॥१३-७०-३०॥
svādhyāyāḍhyo yo'timātraṃ tapasvī; vaitānastho brāhmaṇaḥ pātramāsām. kṛcchrotsṛṣṭāḥ poṣaṇābhyāgatāś ca; dvāraire tair goviśeṣāḥ praśastāḥ ॥13-70-30॥
[स्वाध्यायाढ्यः (svādhyāyāḍhyaḥ) - rich in study of the Vedas; यः (yaḥ) - who; अतिमात्रम् (atimātram) - excessively; तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic; वैतानस्थः (vaitānasthaḥ) - engaged in the Vaitāna rite; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brāhmaṇa; पात्रम् (pātram) - vessel; आसाम् (āsām) - of these (cows); कृच्छ्र-उत्सृष्टाः (kṛcchra-utsṛṣṭāḥ) - those abandoned due to hardship; पोषण-आभ्यागताः (poṣaṇa-ābhyāgatāḥ) - those come (here) for nourishment; च (ca) - and; द्वारैः (dvāraiḥ) - by the gates (means, criteria); एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these; गोविशेषाः (goviśeṣāḥ) - types of cows; प्रशस्ताः (praśastāḥ) - are praised;]
(Rich in Vedic study, who overly performs austerity, engaged in the Vaitāna rite, the Brāhmaṇa is the vessel of these (cows). Those abandoned due to hardship, those come for nourishment, and by these gates, these types of cows are praised.)
The Brāhmaṇa rich in Vedic study, who is highly ascetic and follows the Vaitāna ritual, is considered the proper recipient of these cows. Those cows that have been abandoned due to hardship, those that have come for nourishment, and these types of cows—qualified by these criteria—are esteemed. (13-70-30)
तिस्रो रात्रीरद्भिरुपोष्य भूमौ; तृप्ता गावस्तर्पितेभ्यः प्रदेयाः। वत्सैः प्रीताः सुप्रजाः सोपचारा; स्त्र्यहं दत्त्वा गोरसैर्वर्तितव्यम् ॥१३-७०-३१॥
tisro rātrī-radbhir upoṣya bhūmau; tṛptā gāvas tarpitebhyaḥ pradeyāḥ. vatsaiḥ prītāḥ suprajāḥ sopacārā; stry-ahaṃ dattvā gorasair vartitavyam ॥13-70-31॥
[तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three (feminine, plural); रात्र्यः (rātryaḥ) - nights; अद्भिः (adbhir) - with water; उपोष्य (upoṣya) - after fasting; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground; तृप्ताः (tṛptāḥ) - satisfied; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; तर्पितेभ्यः (tarpitebhyaḥ) - to those who are satisfied (i.e., to those who have been appeased); प्रदेयाः (pradeyāḥ) - should be given; वत्सैः (vatsaiḥ) - with calves; प्रीताः (prītāḥ) - pleased; सुप्रजाः (suprajāḥ) - good progeny; सोपचाराः (sopacārāḥ) - with proper offerings; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - the women; अहम् (aham) - I; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; गोरसैः (gorāsaiḥ) - with products of the cow; वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should live (should be sustained);]
(Three nights, with water, after fasting, on the ground; satisfied cows to those appeased should be given. With calves, pleased, good progeny, with proper offerings; the women, having given, with products of the cow, should live.)
After fasting with water for three nights, on the ground, satisfied cows (should be) given to those appeased. Women, after giving (cows) that are pleased along with their calves, of good progeny and with proper offerings, should live for three days subsisting on products of the cow. (13-70-31)
दत्त्वा धेनुं सुव्रतां कांस्यदोहां; कल्याणवत्सामपलायिनीं च। यावन्ति लोमानि भवन्ति तस्या; स्तावद्वर्षाण्यश्नुते स्वर्गलोकम् ॥१३-७०-३२॥
dattvā dhenuṁ suvratāṁ kāṁsyadohāṁ; kalyāṇavatsām apalāyinīṁ ca। yāvanti lomāni bhavanti tasyāḥ; tāvad varṣāṇy aśnute svargalokam ॥13-70-32॥
[दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; धेनुं (dhenuṁ) - cow; सुव्रतां (suvratāṁ) - of good vow; कांस्यदोहां (kāṁsyadohāṁ) - milked with bronze vessel; कल्याणवत्साम् (kalyāṇavatsām) - having auspicious calf; अपलायिनीं (apalāyinīṁ) - not straying; च (ca) - and; यावन्ति (yāvanti) - as many as; लोमानि (lomāni) - hairs; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are; तस्या (tasyāḥ) - of her; स्तावत् (tāvat) - so many; वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years; अश्नुते (aśnute) - attains; स्वर्गलोकम् (svargalokam) - heavenly world;]
(Having given a cow of good vow, milked with a bronze vessel, having an auspicious calf, not straying and (so), as many hairs are of her, so many years attains (to) heavenly world.)
By giving a cow of virtuous vows, milked with a bronze vessel, having an auspicious calf, and not prone to straying, one attains the heavenly world for as many years as there are hairs on her body. (13-70-32)
तथानड्वाहं ब्राह्मणाय प्रदाय; दान्तं धुर्यं बलवन्तं युवानम्। कुलानुजीवं वीर्यवन्तं बृहन्तं; भुङ्क्ते लोकान्संमितान्धेनुदस्य ॥१३-७०-३३॥
tathā naḍvāhaṃ brāhmaṇāya pradāya; dāntaṃ dhuryaṃ balavantaṃ yuvānam. kulānujīvaṃ vīryavantaṃ bṛhantaṃ; bhuṅkte lokān saṃmitān dhenu-dasya ॥13-70-33॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; नड्वाहं (naḍvāham) - bull used for carrying loads; ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a brāhmaṇa; प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given; दान्तं (dāntam) - tamed; धुर्यं (dhuryaṃ) - fit for yoke; बलवन्तं (balavantaṃ) - strong; युवानम् (yuvānam) - young; कुलानुजीवं (kulānujīvam) - supporting the lineage; वीर्यवन्तं (vīryavantaṃ) - possessed of energy; बृहन्तं (bṛhantaṃ) - large; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; संमितान् (saṃmitān) - according to measure; धेनुदस्य (dhenu-dasya) - of the giver of the cow (bull);]
(Thus, having given to a brāhmaṇa a bull used for carrying loads, tamed, fit for yoke, strong, young, supporting the lineage, possessing energy, large, enjoys worlds according to measure of the giver of the cow.)
Thus, one who, having given to a brāhmaṇa a tamed, strong, youthful bull fit for yoke and maintaining the lineage, enjoys heavenly worlds according to the merit of the giver of the cow. (13-70-33)
गोषु क्षान्तं गोशरण्यं कृतज्ञं; वृत्तिग्लानं तादृशं पात्रमाहुः। वृत्तिग्लाने सम्भ्रमे वा महार्थे; कृष्यर्थे वा होमहेतोः प्रसूत्याम् ॥१३-७०-३४॥
goṣu kṣāntaṃ gośaraṇyaṃ kṛtajñaṃ; vṛttiglānaṃ tādṛśaṃ pātram āhuḥ। vṛttiglāne sambhrame vā mahāarthe; kṛṣyarthe vā homahetor prasūtyām ॥13-70-34॥
[गोषु (goṣu) - among cows; क्षान्तं (kṣāntam) - forbearing; गोशरण्यं (gośaraṇyam) - refuge of cows; कृतज्ञं (kṛtajñam) - grateful; वृत्तिग्लानं (vṛttiglānam) - weakened in livelihood; तादृशं (tādṛśam) - such; पात्रम् (pātram) - deserving recipient; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; वृत्तिग्लाने (vṛttiglāne) - in loss of livelihood; सम्भ्रमे (sambhrame) - in crisis; वा (vā) - or; महार्थे (mahāarthe) - for great purpose; कृष्यर्थे (kṛṣyarthe) - for the purpose of agriculture; वा (vā) - or; होमहेतोः (homahetoḥ) - for the sake of sacrifice; प्रसूत्याम् (prasūtyām) - in offspring/reproduction;]
(Among cows, one who is forbearing, the refuge of cows, grateful, weakened in livelihood—such a one they say is a deserving recipient; in loss of livelihood or in crisis or for a great purpose, for the purpose of agriculture or for the sake of sacrifice, at the time of reproduction.)
Among cows, they say that one who is forbearing, a refuge for cows, grateful, and reduced in means is a deserving recipient; whether the loss of livelihood is from hardship, distress, a great purpose, agriculture, or sacrificial reasons, or in the matter of offspring. (13-70-34)
गुर्वर्थे वा बालपुष्ट्याभिषङ्गा; द्गावो दातुं देशकालोऽविशिष्टः। अन्तर्जाताः सुक्रयज्ञानलब्धाः; प्राणक्रीता निर्जिताश्चौदकाश्च ॥१३-७०-३५॥
gurvarthe vā bālapuṣṭy-abhiṣaṅgāḥ; d-gāvo dātuṃ deśa-kālo'viśiṣṭaḥ. antarjātāḥ sukraya-jñāna-labdhāḥ; prāṇa-krītā nirjitāś ca audakāś ca ॥13-70-35॥
[गुर्वर्थे (gurvarthe) - for the sake of the teacher; वा (vā) - or; बालपुष्ट्याभिषङ्गाः (bālapuṣṭy-abhiṣaṅgāḥ) - related to the nourishment of the young; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; दातुं (dātuṃ) - to give; देशकालः (deśa-kālaḥ) - place and time; अविशिष्टः (aviśiṣṭaḥ) - not specified; अन्तर्जाताः (antarjātāḥ) - those born within (the house); सुक्रय (sukraya) - well purchased; ज्ञानलब्धाः (jñāna-labdhāḥ) - obtained through knowledge; प्राणक्रीताः (prāṇa-krītāḥ) - purchased by life (with one's own means); निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered; च (ca) - and; औदकाः (audakāḥ) - those obtained from water (gifted after purificatory rites); च (ca) - and;]
(For the sake of the teacher or for the nourishment of the young; cows to give, place and time not specified. Those born within, well purchased, obtained through knowledge, purchased by life, conquered and those obtained from water and.)
Cows may be given for the sake of the teacher or for nourishing calves; the place and time are not specified. (Such cows) include those born at home, those well purchased, obtained with knowledge, bought with one's own earnings, those won, and those received in water rites. (13-70-35)
नाचिकेत उवाच॥
nāchiketa uvāca॥
[नाचिकेत (nāchiketa) - Nāchiketa; (proper noun referring to the seer;) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Nāchiketa said;)
Nāchiketa said;
श्रुत्वा वैवस्वतवचस्तमहं पुनरब्रुवम्। अगोमी गोप्रदातॄणां कथं लोकान्निगच्छति ॥१३-७०-३६॥
śrutvā vaivasvatavacastamahaṁ punar abruvam. agomī gopradātr̥ṇāṁ kathaṁ lokān nigacchati ॥13-70-36॥
[श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; वैवस्वतवचः (vaivasvatavacaḥ) - the words (speech) of Vaivasvata (Yama); तम् (tam) - to him; अहम् (aham) - I; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - said; अगोमी (agomī) - one who does not own cattle (not a giver of cows); गोप्रदातॄणां (gopradātṝṇāṁ) - of the givers of cows; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; निगच्छति (nigacchati) - attains;]
(Having heard the words of Vaivasvata, to him I again said: One who is not a giver of cows, how does he attain the worlds of the givers of cows? (13-70-36))
Having heard the words of Vaivasvata, I again spoke to him: How does one who does not give cows attain the worlds of the givers of cows? (13-70-36)
ततो यमोऽब्रवीद्धीमान्गोप्रदाने परां गतिम्। गोप्रदानानुकल्पं तु गामृते सन्ति गोप्रदाः ॥१३-७०-३७॥
tato yamo'bravīddhīmāngo-pradāne parāṃ gatim। go-pradānānukalpaṃ tu gāmṛte santi go-pradāḥ॥13-70-37॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; धीमान् (dhīmān) - wise; गोप्रदाने (go-pradāne) - in the giving of a cow; पराम् (parām) - supreme; गतिम् (gatim) - attainment; गोप्रदानानुकल्पम् (go-pradānānukalpam) - alternative to cow donation; तु (tu) - but; गाम् (gām) - cow; ऋते (ṛte) - except; सन्ति (santi) - there are; गोप्रदाः (go-pradāḥ) - cow donations;]
(Then Yama, the wise, said: in the giving of a cow, (there is) supreme attainment. Alternatives to cow donation, but except (for) a cow, there are cow donations.)
Then wise Yama said: "Giving a cow grants the highest attainment. There are alternatives to cow donation, but except for an actual cow, these also count as cow donations." (13-70-37)
अलाभे यो गवां दद्याद्घृतधेनुं यतव्रतः। तस्यैता घृतवाहिन्यः क्षरन्ते वत्सला इव ॥१३-७०-३८॥
alābhe yo gavāṃ dadyād ghṛtadhenum yatavrataḥ। tasya itāḥ ghṛtavāhinyaḥ kṣarante vatsalā iva ॥13-70-38॥
[अलाभे (alābhe) - in absence of gain; यः (yaḥ) - who; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - would give; घृतधेनुम् (ghṛtadhenum) - a ghee-bearing cow; यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - of restrained vow; तस्य (tasya) - for him; एता (etāḥ) - these; घृतवाहिन्यः (ghṛtavāhinyaḥ) - carrying ghee; क्षरन्ते (kṣarante) - flow; वत्सलाः (vatsalāḥ) - affectionate ones (cows); इव (iva) - like;]
(In absence of gain, who would give a ghee-bearing cow, of restrained vow; for him these ghee-carrying (cows) flow, like affectionate ones (cows).)
Who, even when there is no gain, gives a ghee-bestowing cow, being of restrained vow—for him, these ghee-carrying (cows) flow forth like affectionate mothers to their calves. (13-70-38)
घृतालाभे च यो दद्यात्तिलधेनुं यतव्रतः। स दुर्गात्तारितो धेन्वा क्षीरनद्यां प्रमोदते ॥१३-७०-३९॥
ghṛtālābhe ca yo dadyāt tila-dhenuṃ yata-vrataḥ। sa durgāt tārito dhenuvā kṣīra-nadyāṃ pramodate॥13-70-39॥
[घृतालाभे (ghṛtālābhe) - on the attainment of ghee; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - would give; तिलधेनुम् (tila-dhenum) - sesame-cow (a gift-cow shaped from sesame seeds); यतव्रतः (yata-vrataḥ) - restrained in vow; सः (saḥ) - he; दुर्गात् (durgāt) - from hardships; तारितः (tāritaḥ) - rescued; धेन्वा (dhenvā) - by the cow; क्षीरनद्याम् (kṣīra-nadyām) - in the milk-river; प्रमोदते (pramodate) - rejoices;]
(On the attainment of ghee and who would give a sesame-cow, restrained in vow, he rescued from hardships by the cow, in the milk-river rejoices.)
When one attains ghee and, being restrained in vows, donates a sesame-cow, he is rescued from hardships by that cow and rejoices in the river of milk. (13-70-39)
तिलालाभे च यो दद्याज्जलधेनुं यतव्रतः। स कामप्रवहां शीतां नदीमेतामुपाश्नुते ॥१३-७०-४०॥
tilālābhe ca yo dadyāj jaladhenuṃ yatavrataḥ। sa kāmapravahāṃ śītāṃ nadīm etām upāśnute॥13-70-40॥
[तिलालाभे (tilālābhe) - at the gaining of sesame; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; जलधेनुम् (jaladhenuṃ) - a cow (dhenu) with water (jala); यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - one who is disciplined in observance; सः (saḥ) - he; कामप्रवहाम् (kāmapravahām) - flowing according to wish; शीताम् (śītām) - cool; नदीम् (nadīm) - river; एताम् (etām) - this; उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - enjoys;]
(At the gaining of sesame and who should give a water-cow, being disciplined in observance—he enjoys this river, cool, flowing according to wish.)
When one, at the gaining of sesame and with disciplined observance, gives a water-cow, he attains and enjoys this cool river that flows as desired. (13-70-40)
एवमादीनि मे तत्र धर्मराजो न्यदर्शयत्। दृष्ट्वा च परमं हर्षमवापमहमच्युत ॥१३-७०-४१॥
evamādīni me tatra dharmarājo nyadarśayat. dṛṣṭvā ca paramaṃ harṣam avāpam aham acyuta ॥13-70-41॥
[एवमादीनि (evamādīni) - such and similar (things); मे (me) - to me; तत्र (tatra) - there; धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira); न्यदर्शयत् (nyadarśayat) - showed; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; च (ca) - and; परमम् (paramam) - supreme; हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy; अवापम् (avāpam) - I obtained; अहम् (aham) - I; अच्युत (acyuta) - O Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa);]
(Such and similar things to me there Dharmarāja showed. Having seen and supreme joy I obtained, I, O Acyuta.)
Dharmarāja showed me such and similar things there. And having seen them, O Acyuta, I experienced the greatest joy. (13-70-41)
निवेदये चापि प्रियं भवत्सु; क्रतुर्महानल्पधनप्रचारः। प्राप्तो मया तात स मत्प्रसूतः; प्रपत्स्यते वेदविधिप्रवृत्तः ॥१३-७०-४२॥
nivedaye cāpi priyaṃ bhavatsu; kraturmahān alpa-dhana-pracāraḥ। prāpto mayā tāta sa mat-prasūtaḥ; prapatsyate veda-vidhi-pravṛttaḥ ॥13-70-42॥
[निवेदये (nivedaye) - I announce; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; प्रियं (priyaṃ) - dear; भवत्सु (bhavatsu) - to you (respected ones); क्रतु: (kratuḥ) - sacrifice; महान् (mahān) - great; अल्पधनप्रचारः (alpa-dhana-pracāraḥ) - with little expenditure of wealth; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; मया (mayā) - by me; तात (tāta) - O dear one; सः (saḥ) - he; मत्प्रसूतः (mat-prasūtaḥ) - begotten by me; प्रपत्स्यते (prapatsyate) - will proceed; वेदविधिप्रवृत्तः (veda-vidhi-pravṛttaḥ) - set in motion according to Vedic prescriptions;]
(I announce also a dear (matter) to you; the great sacrifice, with little expenditure of wealth, has been obtained by me, O dear one, he (the sacrifice), begotten by me, will proceed according to Vedic prescriptions.)
I also announce a dear intention to you all: I have obtained a great sacrifice, though performed with little wealth, O dear one; that sacrifice, initiated by me, will be conducted in accordance with Vedic rules. (13-70-42)
शापो ह्ययं भवतोऽनुग्रहाय; प्राप्तो मया यत्र दृष्टो यमो मे। दानव्युष्टिं तत्र दृष्ट्वा महार्थां; निःसंदिग्धं दानधर्मांश्चरिष्ये ॥१३-७०-४३॥
śāpo hy ayaṃ bhavato'nugrahāya; prāpto mayā yatra dṛṣṭo yamo me. dānavyuṣṭiṃ tatra dṛṣṭvā mahārthāṃ; niḥsaṃdigdhaṃ dānadharmāṃś cariṣye ॥13-70-43॥
[शापः (śāpaḥ) - curse; हि (hi) - indeed; अयम् (ayam) - this; भवतः (bhavataḥ) - by you; अनुग्रहाय (anugrahāya) - for favor; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; मया (mayā) - by me; यत्र (yatra) - where; दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen; यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama; मे (me) - by me; दानव्युष्टिम् (dānavyuṣṭim) - giftful assembly; तत्र (tatra) - there; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; महार्थाम् (mahārthām) - very valuable; निःसंदिग्धम् (niḥsaṃdigdham) - without doubt; दानधर्मान् (dānadharmān) - acts of charity; चरीष्ये (cariṣye) - I shall practice;]
(Curse indeed this by you for favor; obtained by me where seen Yama by me. Giftful assembly there having seen very valuable; without doubt acts of charity I shall practice (13-70-43))
Indeed, this curse by you is for my benefit; having obtained it, I saw Yama. Having seen the greatly valuable assembly of charity there, I shall practice the acts of charity without doubt. (13-70-43)
इदं च मामब्रवीद्धर्मराजः; पुनः पुनः सम्प्रहृष्टो द्विजर्षे। दानेन तात प्रयतोऽभूः सदैव; विशेषतो गोप्रदानं च कुर्याः ॥१३-७०-४४॥
idaṁ ca mām abravīd dharmarājaḥ; punaḥ punaḥ sampraḥṛṣṭo dvijarṣe. dānena tāta prayato'bhūḥ sadaiva; viśeṣato gopradānaṁ ca kuryāḥ ॥13-70-44॥
[इदं (idaṁ) - this; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - to me; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Dharma King; पुनः पुनः (punaḥ punaḥ) - again and again; सम्प्रहृष्टः (samprahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted; द्विजर्षे (dvijarṣe) - O best of Brahmins; दानेन (dānena) - with charity; तात (tāta) - dear one; प्रयतः अभूः (prayataḥ abhūḥ) - became devoted; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially; गोप्रदानं (gopradānaṁ) - gift of cows; च (ca) - and; कुर्याः (kuryāḥ) - you should perform;]
(And this also to me said Dharma King; again and again greatly delighted, O best of Brahmins. With charity, dear one, you became devoted always; especially the giving of cows also you should perform (13-70-44))
The Dharma King also said this to me, O best of Brahmins, repeatedly and with great delight: "Dear one, you were always devoted to charity; you should especially perform the gift of cows." (13-70-44)
शुद्धो ह्यर्थो नावमन्यः स्वधर्मा; त्पात्रे देयं देशकालोपपन्ने। तस्माद्गावस्ते नित्यमेव प्रदेया; मा भूच्च ते संशयः कश्चिदत्र ॥१३-७०-४५॥
śuddho hy artho nāvamanyaḥ svadharmāt pātre deyaṃ deśa-kālopa-panne. tasmād gāvas te nityam eva pradeyā; mā bhūc ca te saṃśayaḥ kaścid atra ॥13-70-45॥
[शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure; हि (hi) - indeed; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - object; wealth; न (na) - not; अवमन्यः (avamanyaḥ) - to be despised; स्वधर्मात् (svadharmāt) - from one's own duty; पात्रे (pātre) - to a deserving (recipient); देयम् (deyam) - to be given; देश (deśa) - place; काल (kāla) - time; उपपन्ने (upapanne) - when present, when proper; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; ते (te) - to you; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रदेया (pradeyā) - should be given; मा (mā) - do not; भूत् (bhūt) - let there be; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - your; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; कः (kaḥ) - what; any; चित् (cit) - at all; अत्र (atra) - here;]
(Pure indeed the object, not to be despised from one's own duty; to a deserving recipient to be given when place and time are proper. Therefore cows for you always indeed should be given; do not let there be any doubt for you at all here. (13-70-45))
The wealth that is pure and not despised, given in fulfillment of one's own duty, should be offered to a worthy recipient at the proper place and time. Therefore, cows must certainly be given by you always; do not have any doubt about this at all. (13-70-45)
एताः पुरा अददन्नित्यमेव; शान्तात्मानो दानपथे निविष्टाः। तपांस्युग्राण्यप्रतिशङ्कमाना; स्ते वै दानं प्रददुश्चापि शक्त्या ॥१३-७०-४६॥
etāḥ purā adadannityameva; śāntātmāno dānapathe niviṣṭāḥ. tapāṃsyugrāṇyapratiśaṅkamānā; ste vai dānaṃ pradaduścāpi śaktyā ॥13-70-46॥
[एताः (etāḥ) - these (feminine plural); पुरा (purā) - formerly; अददन् (adadan) - gave; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; एव (eva) - indeed; शान्तात्मानः (śāntātmānaḥ) - composed in mind; दानपथे (dānapathe) - on the path of giving; निविष्टाः (niviṣṭāḥ) - established; तपांसि (tapāṃsi) - austerities; उग्राणि (ugrāṇi) - severe; अप्रतिशङ्कमाना (apratizaṅkamānā) - not hesitating; स्ते (ste) - they (those); वै (vai) - indeed; दानम् (dānam) - charity; प्रददुश्च (pradaduśca) - also gave; अपि (api) - even; शक्त्या (śaktyā) - according to ability;]
(These formerly gave always indeed; composed in mind, established on the path of giving; austerities severe, not hesitating; they indeed charity also gave even according to ability.)
These (women) in former times always gave, possessing peaceful minds, established on the path of giving; they performed severe austerities without hesitation; indeed, they gave charity as well, according to their ability. (13-70-46)
काले शक्त्या मत्सरं वर्जयित्वा; शुद्धात्मानः श्रद्धिनः पुण्यशीलाः। दत्त्वा तप्त्वा लोकममुं प्रपन्ना; देदीप्यन्ते पुण्यशीलाश्च नाके ॥१३-७०-४७॥
kāle śaktyā matsaraṃ varjayitvā; śuddhātmānaḥ śraddhinaḥ puṇyaśīlāḥ। dattvā taptvā lokam amuṃ prapannā; dedīpyante puṇyaśīlāś ca nāke ॥13-70-47॥
[काले (kāle) - in (due) time; शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with ability; मत्सरं (matsaram) - envy; वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - having abandoned; शुद्धात्मानः (śuddhātmānaḥ) - pure-minded ones; श्रद्धिनः (śraddhinaḥ) - faithful; पुण्यशीलाः (puṇyaśīlāḥ) - virtuous in conduct; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (gifts); तप्त्वा (taptvā) - having practiced austerity; लोकम् (lokam) - the world; अमुम् (amum) - that (other); प्रपन्नाः (prapannāḥ) - having attained; देदीप्यन्ते (dedīpyante) - shine; पुण्यशीलाः (puṇyaśīlāḥ) - virtuous ones; च (ca) - and; नाके (nāke) - in heaven;]
(In (due) time, with ability, having abandoned envy, the pure-minded, the faithful and virtuous in conduct, having given (gifts) and having practiced austerity, having attained that (other) world, the virtuous ones shine and in heaven.)
At the proper time, abandoning envy to the extent of their ability, those who are pure-minded, faithful, and virtuous in conduct, having given charities and practiced austerity, attain that other world, and the virtuous shine in heaven. (13-70-47)
एतद्दानं न्यायलब्धं द्विजेभ्यः; पात्रे दत्तं प्रापणीयं परीक्ष्य। काम्याष्टम्यां वर्तितव्यं दशाहं; रसैर्गवां शकृता प्रस्नवैर्वा ॥१३-७०-४८॥
etaddānaṃ nyāyalabdhaṃ dvijebhyaḥ; pātre dattaṃ prāpaṇīyaṃ parīkṣya. kāmyāṣṭamyāṃ vartitavyaṃ daśāhaṃ; rasairgavāṃ śakṛtā prasnavairvā ॥13-70-48॥
[एतद्दानम् (etaddānam) - this gift; न्यायलब्धम् (nyāyalabdham) - lawfully obtained; द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the twice-born (Brahmins); पात्रे (pātre) - to a worthy (recipient); दत्तम् (dattam) - given; प्रापणीयम् (prāpaṇīyam) - to be made to reach; परीक्ष्य (parīkṣya) - having examined; काम्याष्टम्यां (kāmyāṣṭamyām) - on an auspicious eighth day; वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should be observed; दशाहम् (daśāham) - ten days; रसैः (rasaiḥ) - with juices; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; शकृता (śakṛtā) - with dung; प्रस्नवैः (prasnavaiḥ) - with urine; वा (vā) - or; ॥१३-७०-४८॥ (॥13-70-48॥) -;]
(This gift lawfully obtained to the twice-born; having given to a worthy recipient, having examined, should be made to reach. On an auspicious eighth day, ten days should be observed— with juices of cows, with dung or with urine.)
This lawfully obtained gift should be presented, after examining, to a worthy twice-born recipient. On the auspicious eighth day, a period of ten days should be observed, using products of the cow— such as milk, dung, or urine. (13-70-48)
वेदव्रती स्याद्वृषभप्रदाता; वेदावाप्तिर्गोयुगस्य प्रदाने। तीर्थावाप्तिर्गोप्रयुक्तप्रदाने; पापोत्सर्गः कपिलायाः प्रदाने ॥१३-७०-४९॥
vedavratī syād vṛṣabha-pradātā; vedāvāptir go-yugasya pradāne. tīrthāvāptir go-prayukta-pradāne; pāpot-sargaḥ kapilāyāḥ pradāne ॥13-70-49॥
[वेदव्रती (vedavratī) - possessor of the vow of the Veda; स्यात् (syāt) - becomes; वृषभप्रदाता (vṛṣabha-pradātā) - giver of a bull; वेदावाप्तिः (vedāvāptiḥ) - acquisition of the Veda; गोयुगस्य (go-yugasya) - of a pair of cows; प्रदाने (pradāne) - in the giving; तीर्थावाप्तिः (tīrthāvāptiḥ) - attainment of the sacred place; गोप्रयुक्तप्रदाने (go-prayukta-pradāne) - in the giving concerning a cow accompanied (by a bull or calf or other); पापोत्सर्गः (pāpot-sargaḥ) - release from sin; कपिलायाः (kapilāyāḥ) - of a tawny (Kapila) cow; प्रदाने (pradāne) - in the giving;]
(Possessor of the vow of the Veda becomes giver of a bull; acquisition of the Veda in the giving of a pair of cows. Attainment of the sacred place in the giving concerning a cow accompanied; release from sin in the giving of a tawny (Kapila) cow. (13-70-49))
One who gives a bull becomes as one who has observed the vow of the Veda; by gifting a pair of cows, one attains the Veda. By giving a cow with its proper accompaniment, one attains the merit of a pilgrimage; by gifting a tawny cow, one is released from sin. (13-70-49)
गामप्येकां कपिलां सम्प्रदाय; न्यायोपेतां कल्मषाद्विप्रमुच्येत्। गवां रसात्परमं नास्ति किं चि; द्गवां दानं सुमहत्तद्वदन्ति ॥१३-७०-५०॥
gām apy ekāṃ kapilāṃ sampradāya; nyāya-upetāṃ kalmaṣāt vipram ucyeta। gavāṃ rasāt paramam nāsti kiṃ cit; gavāṃ dānaṃ sumahat tad vadanti ॥13-70-50॥
[गाम् (gām) - cow; अपि (api) - even; एकाम् (ekām) - one; कपिलाम् (kapilām) - tawny; सम्प्रदाय (sampradāya) - having given; न्यायोपेताम् (nyāya-upetām) - endowed with justice; कल्मषात् (kalmaṣāt) - from sin; विप्रम् (vipram) - Brāhmaṇa; ुच्येत् (ucyeta) - is released; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; रसात् (rasāt) - from the essence; परमम् (paramam) - higher; नास्ति (nāsti) - there is not; किं चित् (kiṃ cit) - anything; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; दानम् (dānam) - gift; सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great; तत् (tat) - that; वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say;]
(Even by giving one tawny cow, endowed with justice, one is released from sin by the Brāhmaṇa. From the essence of cows, there is not anything higher; the gift of cows is said to be very great.)
Even by giving a single tawny cow, endowed with justice, one is freed from sin by the Brāhmaṇa. There is nothing greater than the essence of cows; the donation of cows is said to be very great. (13-70-50)
गावो लोकान्धारयन्ति क्षरन्त्यो; गावश्चान्नं सञ्जनयन्ति लोके। यस्तज्जानन्न गवां हार्दमेति; स वै गन्ता निरयं पापचेताः ॥१३-७०-५१॥
gāvo lokāndhārayanti kṣarantyo; gāvaścānnaṃ sañjanayanti loke. yastajjānanna gavāṃ hārdameti; sa vai gantā nirayaṃ pāpacetāḥ ॥13-70-51॥
[गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - support; क्षरन्त्यः (kṣarantyaḥ) - shedding (yielding); गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; च (ca) - and; अन्नम् (annam) - food; सञ्जनयन्ति (sañjanayanti) - produce; लोके (loke) - in the world; यः (yaḥ) - who; तत् (tat) - that; जानन् (jānan) - knowing; न (na) - not; गवाम् (gavām) - of cows; हार्दम् (hārdam) - the heart (essence); एति (eti) - approaches; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; गन्ता (gantā) - will go; निरयम् (nirayam) - to hell; पापचेताः (pāpacetāḥ) - evil-minded;]
(Cows support the worlds, yielding; and cows produce food in the world. Who, knowing that, does not approach the heart (essence) of cows; he indeed will go to hell, evil-minded.)
Cows sustain the worlds through their gifts; and cows produce food for the world. Whoever, understanding this, does not honor the heart of cows, he indeed, evil-minded, will go to hell. (13-70-51)
यत्ते दातुं गोसहस्रं शतं वा; शतार्धं वा दश वा साधुवत्साः। अप्येकां वा साधवे ब्राह्मणाय; सास्यामुष्मिन्पुण्यतीर्था नदी वै ॥१३-७०-५२॥
yatte dātuṃ gosa-hasraṃ śataṃ vā; śatārdhaṃ vā daśa vā sādhuvatsāḥ। apyekāṃ vā sādhave brāhmaṇāya; sāsyāmuṣmin puṇyatīrthā nadī vai ॥13-70-52॥
[यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - to you; दातुम् (dātum) - to give; गोसहस्रं (gosa-hasraṃ) - thousand cows; शतं (śataṃ) - one hundred; वा (vā) - or; शतार्धं (śatārdhaṃ) - half a hundred; वा (vā) - or; दश (daśa) - ten; वा (vā) - or; साधुवत्साः (sādhuvatsāḥ) - having good calves; अपि (api) - even; एकां (ekāṃ) - one; वा (vā) - or; साधवे (sādhave) - to a virtuous one; ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a brāhmaṇa; सा (sā) - that; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; अमु्ष्मिन् (amuṣmin) - in that; पुण्यतीर्था (puṇyatīrthā) - sacred ford; नदी (nadī) - river; वै (vai) - indeed;]
(Which for you to give, a thousand cows, or one hundred, or half a hundred, or ten, having good calves, or even one to a virtuous Brāhmaṇa, that may indeed, in that sacred ford, be a river.)
Whether it is for you to give a thousand cows, a hundred, half a hundred, or ten with good calves, or even one to a virtuous brāhmaṇa, that (gift) indeed, at that sacred ford, would be (as meritorious as) a river. (13-70-52)
प्राप्त्या पुष्ट्या लोकसंरक्षणेन; गावस्तुल्याः सूर्यपादैः पृथिव्याम्। शब्दश्चैकः सन्ततिश्चोपभोग; स्तस्माद्गोदः सूर्य इवाभिभाति ॥१३-७०-५३॥
prāptyā puṣṭyā lokasaṁrakṣaṇena; gāvastulyāḥ sūryapādaiḥ pṛthivyām. śabdaścaikaḥ santatiścopabhoga; stasmādgodaḥ sūrya ivābhibhāti ॥13-70-53॥
[प्राप्त्या (prāptyā) - by attainment; पुष्ट्या (puṣṭyā) - by nourishment; लोकसंरक्षणेन (lokasaṁrakṣaṇena) - by protection of the world; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; तुल्याः (tulyāḥ) - are similar; सूर्यपादैः (sūryapādaiḥ) - by the feet (rays) of the sun; पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth; शब्दश्च (śabdaśca) - and sound; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; सन्ततिः (santatiḥ) - continuous line (progeny, succession); च (ca) - and; उपभोग (upabhoga) - enjoyment; स्तस्मात् (stasmāt) - therefore; गदः (gadaḥ) - the giver of cows; सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun; इव (iva) - like; अभिभाति (abhibhāti) - shines forth;]
(By attainment, by nourishment, by protection of the world, cows are similar to the feet of the sun upon the earth. And sound, one, continuity, and enjoyment; therefore, the giver of cows shines like the sun.)
By attainment, nourishment, and protection of the world, cows are equal to the rays of the sun on the earth. Likewise, as there is one sound, continuity, and enjoyment; therefore, the giver of cows shines like the sun. (13-70-53)
गुरुं शिष्यो वरयेद्गोप्रदाने; स वै वक्ता नियतं स्वर्गदाता। विधिज्ञानां सुमहानेष धर्मो; विधिं ह्याद्यं विधयः संश्रयन्ति ॥१३-७०-५४॥
guruṃ śiṣyo varayed gopradāne; sa vai vaktā niyataṃ svargadātā. vidhijñānāṃ sumahāneṣa dharmo; vidhiṃ hy ādyaṃ vidhayaḥ saṃśrayanti ॥13-70-54॥
[गुरुं (guruṃ) - teacher (accusative singular); शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - student; वरयेत् (varayet) - should choose; गोप्रदाने (gopradāne) - at the gifting of cows; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker; नियतं (niyataṃ) - certainly; स्वर्गदाता (svargadātā) - giver of heaven; विधिज्ञानाम् (vidhijñānām) - of those who know the procedure; सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; विधिं (vidhiṃ) - procedure; हि (hi) - indeed; आद्यम् (ādyaṃ) - the foremost; विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - the rites; संश्रयन्ति (saṃśrayanti) - resort to;]
(Teacher the student should choose at the gifting of cows; he indeed speaker certainly giver of heaven. Of those who know the procedure, very great this duty; the procedure indeed the foremost the rites resort to. (13-70-54))
The student should choose a teacher at the time of gifting cows; he indeed is certainly the proclaimer and the giver of heaven. For those who know the procedure, this is a very great duty; indeed, all other rites depend upon the foremost procedure. (13-70-54)
एतद्दानं न्यायलब्धं द्विजेभ्यः; पात्रे दत्त्वा प्रापयेथाः परीक्ष्य। त्वय्याशंसन्त्यमरा मानवाश्च; वयं चापि प्रसृते पुण्यशीलाः ॥१३-७०-५५॥
etaddānaṃ nyāyalabdhaṃ dvijebhyaḥ; pātre dattvā prāpayethāḥ parīkṣya. tvayyāśaṃsantyamarā mānavāśca; vayaṃ cāpi prasṛte puṇyaśīlāḥ ॥13-70-55॥
[एतद्दानं (etad-dānam) - this gift; न्यायलब्धं (nyāya-labdhaṃ) - justly obtained; द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to the twice-born; पात्रे (pātre) - to the worthy (person); दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; प्रापयेथाः (prāpayethāḥ) - you should make (it) reach; परीक्ष्य (parīkṣya) - after examining; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; आशंसन्ति (āśaṃsanti) - do hope; अमरा (amarāḥ) - the immortals (gods); मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - men; च (ca) - and; वयं (vayaṃ) - we; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; प्रसृते (prasṛte) - in what is offered; पुण्यशीलाः (puṇyaśīlāḥ) - those having virtuous character;]
(This gift justly obtained to the twice-born; having given to the worthy, you should make (it) reach, after examining. In you hope both the immortals and men; and we also, in what is offered, having virtuous character. (13-70-55))
This gift, obtained by just means, should be given to worthy twice-born after careful examination, and you should ensure it is properly delivered. Both gods and men place their hope in you, and we too—all of us of virtuous nature—regard the offering you present. (13-70-55)
इत्युक्तोऽहं धर्मराज्ञा महर्षे; धर्मात्मानं शिरसाभिप्रणम्य। अनुज्ञातस्तेन वैवस्वतेन; प्रत्यागमं भगवत्पादमूलम् ॥१३-७०-५६॥
ity-ukto'haṃ dharmarājñā maharṣe; dharmātmānaṃ śirasā'bhipraṇamya। anujñātas tena vaivasvatena; pratyāgamaṃ bhagavat-pāda-mūlam ॥13-70-56॥
[इति (iti) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; अहम् (aham) - I; धर्मराज्ञा (dharmarājñā) - by Dharmarāja; महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage; धर्मात्मानम् (dharmātmānam) - righteous one; शिरसा (śirasā) - with (my) head; अभिप्रणम्य (abhipraṇamya) - having bowed to; अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted; तेन (tena) - by him; वैवस्वतेन (vaivasvatena) - by the son of Vivasvat; प्रत्यागमम् (pratyāgamam) - return; भगवत्पादमूलम् (bhagavat-pāda-mūlam) - to the feet-root (i.e., the feet) of the blessed one;]
(Thus addressed I by Dharmarāja, O great sage, righteous one with (my) head having bowed to, permitted by him, by the son of Vivasvat, return to the feet-root of the blessed one.)
O great sage, thus addressed by Dharmarāja, I bowed with my head to the righteous one and, permitted by Vaivasvata, returned to the feet of the blessed one. (13-70-56)
