14.031
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - brahmin; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Brahmin said;)
The Brahmin said.
त्रयो वै रिपवो लोके नव वै गुणतः स्मृताः। हर्षः स्तम्भोऽभिमानश्च त्रयस्ते सात्त्विका गुणाः ॥१४-३१-१॥
trayo vai ripavo loke nava vai guṇataḥ smṛtāḥ। harṣaḥ stambho'bhimānaś ca trayas te sāttvikā guṇāḥ ॥14-31-1॥
[त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; वै (vai) - indeed; रिपवः (ripavaḥ) - enemies; लोके (loke) - in the world; नव (nava) - nine; वै (vai) - indeed; गुणतः (guṇataḥ) - by (their) quality; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are remembered; हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - delight; स्तम्भः (stambhaḥ) - pride; अभिमानश्च (abhimānaś ca) - and self-conceit; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; ते (te) - these; सात्त्विकाः (sāttvikāḥ) - of (the nature of) sattva; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities;]
(Three indeed enemies in the world, nine indeed by (their) quality are remembered. Delight, pride and self-conceit, these three qualities are of (the nature of) sattva.)
There are three enemies in the world, and they are remembered as nine by quality. Delight, pride, and self-conceit—these three are qualities of the sattvic type. (14-31-1)
शोकः क्रोधोऽतिसंरम्भो राजसास्ते गुणाः स्मृताः। स्वप्नस्तन्द्री च मोहश्च त्रयस्ते तामसा गुणाः ॥१४-३१-२॥
śokaḥ krodho'tisaṁrambho rājasāste guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ. svapnastaṅdrī ca mohaśca trayaste tāmasā guṇāḥ ॥14-31-2॥
[शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; अतिसंरम्भः (atisaṁrambhaḥ) - excessive agitation; राजसाः (rājasāḥ) - rajas (of passion; masculine plural); ते (te) - these; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered; स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - sleep; तन्द्र्ी (taṅdrī) - laziness; च (ca) - and; मोहः (mohaḥ) - delusion; च (ca) - and; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - these three; ते (te) - these; तामसाः (tāmasāḥ) - tamas (of darkness; masculine plural); गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities;]
(Sorrow, anger, excessive agitation—these are considered rajas qualities. Sleep, laziness, and delusion—these three are tamas qualities.)
Sorrow, anger, and excessive agitation are considered to be qualities of rajas. Sleep, laziness, and delusion—these three are qualities of tamas. (14-31-2)
एतान्निकृत्य धृतिमान्बाणसङ्घैरतन्द्रितः। जेतुं परानुत्सहते प्रशान्तात्मा जितेन्द्रियः ॥१४-३१-३॥
etān nikṛtya dhṛtimān bāṇa-saṅghaiḥ atandritaḥ। jetuṃ parān utsahate praśānta-ātmā jitendriyaḥ॥14-31-3॥
[एतान् (etān) - these; plural accusative masculine; निकृत्य (nikṛtya) - having destroyed; धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - possessing fortitude; बाणसङ्घैः (bāṇa-saṅghaiḥ) - with groups of arrows; अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - untiring; जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer; परान् (parān) - enemies; उत्सहते (utsahate) - endeavors; प्रशान्तात्मा (praśāntātmā) - whose mind is peaceful; जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - who has conquered his senses;]
(These having destroyed, the one possessing fortitude, with groups of arrows, untiring, to conquer enemies endeavors, whose mind is peaceful, who has conquered his senses.)
Having destroyed these (obstacles), the one possessing fortitude, using groups of arrows, and being untiring, endeavors to conquer his enemies—his mind is peaceful, and he has mastered his senses. (14-31-3)
अत्र गाथाः कीर्तयन्ति पुराकल्पविदो जनाः। अम्बरीषेण या गीता राज्ञा राज्यं प्रशासता ॥१४-३१-४॥
atra gāthāḥ kīrtayanti purākalpavido janāḥ। ambarīṣeṇa yā gītā rājñā rājyaṃ praśāsatā ॥14-31-4॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - songs; कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they proclaim; पुराकल्पविदः (purākalpavidaḥ) - those who know ancient traditions; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; अम्बरीषेण (ambarīṣeṇa) - by Ambarīṣa; या (yā) - which; गीता (gītā) - was sung; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; राज्यं (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; प्रशासता (praśāsatā) - while ruling;]
(Here the songs those who know ancient traditions people proclaim; by Ambarīṣa which was sung by the king while ruling the kingdom.)
Here, the people who know ancient traditions proclaim the songs which were sung by King Ambarīṣa while ruling the kingdom. (14-31-4)
समुदीर्णेषु दोषेषु वध्यमानेषु साधुषु। जग्राह तरसा राज्यमम्बरीष इति श्रुतिः ॥१४-३१-५॥
samudīrṇeṣu doṣeṣu vadhyamāneṣu sādhuṣu। jagrāha tarasā rājyamambarīṣa iti śrutiḥ॥14-31-5॥
[समुदीर्णेषु (samudīrṇeṣu) - having arisen; (in the ones) arisen; (when) emerged; दोषेषु (doṣeṣu) - in faults; in evils; among defects; वध्यमानेषु (vadhyamāneṣu) - being slain; when are being killed; साधुषु (sādhuṣu) - among the virtuous; in the good ones; जग्राह (jagrāha) - he seized; he took; तरसा (tarasā) - with force; forcefully; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; sovereignty; अम्बरीष (ambarīṣa) - Ambarīṣa (proper noun); इति (iti) - thus; so; end-quote; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - the record; the report; the tradition;]
(Having arisen faults, when the virtuous are being slain, Ambarīṣa with force seized the kingdom, thus (is) the record.)
It is recorded that when faults had arisen and the virtuous were being killed, Ambarīṣa seized the kingdom with force. (14-31-5)
स निगृह्य महादोषान्साधून्समभिपूज्य च। जगाम महतीं सिद्धिं गाथां चेमां जगाद ह ॥१४-३१-६॥
sa nigṛhya mahādoṣān sādhūn sam-abhipūjya ca | jagāma mahatīṃ siddhiṃ gāthāṃ ca imāṃ jagāda ha ॥14-31-6॥
[स (sa) (sa) - he; निगृह्य (nigṛhya) (nigṛhya) - restraining; महादोषान् (mahādoṣān) (mahādoṣān) - great faults; साधून् (sādhūn) (sādhūn) - the virtuous; समभिपूज्य (sam-abhipūjya) (sam-abhipūjya) - having duly honored; च (ca) (ca) - and; जगाम (jagāma) (jagāma) - he attained; महतीं (mahatīṃ) (mahatīṃ) - great; सिद्धिं (siddhiṃ) (siddhiṃ) - attainment; गाथां (gāthām) (gāthām) - verse; च (ca) (ca) - and; इमां (imām) (imām) - this; जगाद (jagāda) (jagāda) - he spoke; ह (ha) (ha) - indeed;]
(He, restraining great faults, having duly honored the virtuous, attained great attainment and indeed spoke this verse.)
Having restrained great faults and properly honored the virtuous, he attained great success and spoke this verse. (14-31-6)
भूयिष्ठं मे जिता दोषा निहताः सर्वशत्रवः। एको दोषोऽवशिष्टस्तु वध्यः स न हतो मया ॥१४-३१-७॥
bhūyiṣṭhaṃ me jitā doṣā nihatāḥ sarvaśatravaḥ। eko doṣo'vaśiṣṭastu vadhyaḥ sa na hato mayā॥14-31-7॥
[भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - for the most part; मे (me) - by me; जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered; दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults; निहताः (nihatāḥ) - destroyed; सर्वशत्रवः (sarvaśatravaḥ) - all enemies; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault; अवशिष्टः (avaśiṣṭaḥ) - remaining; तु (tu) - but; वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - to be slain; सः (saḥ) - he; न (na) - not; हतः (hataḥ) - slain; मया (mayā) - by me;]
(For the most part, by me, faults conquered, all enemies destroyed. One fault remaining, but to be slain, he not slain by me.)
For the most part, I have conquered my faults and destroyed all enemies. But one fault remains which ought to be slain; that one I have not slain. (14-31-7)
येन युक्तो जन्तुरयं वैतृष्ण्यं नाधिगच्छति। तृष्णार्त इव निम्नानि धावमानो न बुध्यते ॥१४-३१-८॥
yena yukto jantur ayaṁ vaitṛṣṇyaṁ nādhigacchati। tṛṣṇārta iva nimnāni dhāvamāno na budhyate॥14-31-8॥
[येन (yena) - by which; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - joined; united; जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - creature; living being; अयम् (ayam) - this; वैतृष्ण्यम् (vaitṛṣṇyam) - absence of craving; non-desiring; न (na) - not; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains; reaches; तृष्णा-अर्तः (tṛṣṇā-artaḥ) - afflicted by thirst; desire-tormented; इव (iva) - like; as if; निम्नानि (nimnāni) - declivities; downward slopes; धावमानः (dhāvamānaḥ) - rushing; running; न (na) - not; बुध्यते (budhyate) - becomes aware; perceives;]
(By which, joined, the creature, this, absence of craving, not attains; afflicted by thirst, like, downward slopes, rushing, not becomes aware.)
With that by which this creature, when joined, does not attain freedom from craving; like one afflicted by thirst, rushing down declivities, he does not become aware. (14-31-8)
अकार्यमपि येनेह प्रयुक्तः सेवते नरः। तं लोभमसिभिस्तीक्ष्णैर्निकृन्तन्तं निकृन्तत ॥१४-३१-९॥
akāryam api yena iha prayuktaḥ sevate naraḥ। taṃ lobham asibhiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ nikṛntantam nikṛntata ॥14-31-9॥
[अकार्यम् (akāryam) - not to be done; improper act; अपि (api) - even; also; येन (yena) - by which; by whom; इह (iha) - here; in this world; प्रयुक्तः (prayuktaḥ) - prompted; caused; सेवते (sevate) - serves; follows; नरः (naraḥ) - man; person; तं (taṃ) - that; him; लोभम् (lobham) - greed; असिभिः (asibhiḥ) - with swords; तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - sharp; keen; निकृन्तन्तम् (nikṛntantam) - cutting; severing; निकृन्तत (nikṛntata) - cut down; slice off;]
(A man who, even here, prompted by which (greed), serves improper acts, that greed—cutting, severing with sharp swords—cut it down.)
Cut down that greed which causes a man here to serve even improper acts, cutting it off with sharp swords. (14-31-9)
लोभाद्धि जायते तृष्णा ततश्चिन्ता प्रसज्यते। स लिप्समानो लभते भूयिष्ठं राजसान्गुणान् ॥१४-३१-१०॥
lobhāddhi jāyate tṛṣṇā tataś cintā prasajyate। sa lipsamāno labhate bhūyiṣṭhaṃ rājasāṃ guṇān ॥14-31-10॥
[लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed; हि (hi) - indeed; जायते (jāyate) - arises; तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - desire; ततः (tataḥ) - from that; चिन्ता (cintā) - anxiety; प्रसज्यते (prasajyate) - is produced; सः (saḥ) - he; लिप्समानः (lipsamānaḥ) - one desiring to obtain; लभते (labhate) - obtains; भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - most (in abundance); राजसान् (rājasān) - rajas (passion-related); गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities;]
(From greed indeed arises desire; from that, anxiety is produced. He, desiring to obtain, obtains most passionate qualities.)
Desire indeed arises from greed, and from that comes anxiety. Whoever, wishing to acquire, obtains mostly qualities associated with passion. (14-31-10)
स तैर्गुणैः संहतदेहबन्धनः; पुनः पुनर्जायति कर्म चेहते। जन्मक्षये भिन्नविकीर्णदेहः; पुनर्मृत्युं गच्छति जन्मनि स्वे ॥१४-३१-११॥
sa tair guṇaiḥ saṃhata-deha-bandhanaḥ; punaḥ punaḥ jāyati karma ca īhate. janma-kṣaye bhinna-vikīrṇa-dehaḥ; punaḥ mṛtyuṃ gacchati janmani sve ॥14-31-11॥
[स (sa) - he; तैः (taiḥ) - by those; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - qualities; संहत (saṃhata) - united; देह (deha) - body; बन्धनः (bandhanaḥ) - bound; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; जायति (jāyati) - is born; कर्म (karma) - action; च (ca) - and; इहते (īhate) - performs; जन्म (janma) - birth; क्षये (kṣaye) - at the end; भिन्न (bhinna) - broken; विकीर्ण (vikīrṇa) - scattered; देहः (dehaḥ) - body; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes; जन्मनि (janmani) - to birth; स्वे (sve) - one's own;]
(He by those qualities, united, body, bound; again and again is born, action also performs. At the end of birth, broken, scattered, body; again death goes, to birth, one's own (birth).)
Bound by those qualities, he assumes a united body; again and again he is born and also performs action. At the end of his birth, when the body is broken and scattered, again he goes to death and to his own next birth. (14-31-11)
तस्मादेनं सम्यगवेक्ष्य लोभं; निगृह्य धृत्यात्मनि राज्यमिच्छेत्। एतद्राज्यं नान्यदस्तीति विद्या; द्यस्त्वत्र राजा विजितो ममैकः ॥१४-३१-१२॥
tasmādenaṃ samyag-avekṣya lobhaṃ; nigṛhya dhṛty-ātmani rājyam-icchet. etad-rājyaṃ nānyad-asti-iti vidyā; dyas-tvatra rājā vijito mamaikaḥ ॥14-31-12॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) (tasmāt) - therefore; एनम् (enam) (enam) - this (desire/covetousness); सम्यक् (samyak) (samyak) - rightly; properly; अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) (avekṣya) - having observed; having considered; लोभं (lobhaṃ) (lobham) - greed; निगृह्य (nigṛhya) (nigṛhya) - having restrained; धृति (dhṛti) (dhṛti) - with firmness; आत्मनि (ātmani) (ātmani) - in oneself; राज्यम् (rājyam) (rājyam) - kingdom; इच्छेत् (icchet) (icchet) - should desire; एतत् (etat) (etat) - this; राज्यम् (rājyam) (rājyam) - kingdom; न (na) (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) (anyat) - other; अस्ति (asti) (asti) - exists; इति (iti) (iti) - thus; विद्यात् (vidyāt) (vidyāt) - one should know; द्यः (dyas) (dyas) - heaven; त्वत्र (tvatra) (tvatra) - here in this; राजा (rājā) (rājā) - king; विजितः (vijitaḥ) (vijitaḥ) - conquered; मम (mama) (mama) - by me; एकः (ekaḥ) (ekaḥ) - alone; only;]
(Therefore, this (desire/greed), having properly considered, greed; having restrained with firmness in oneself, the kingdom should be desired. This kingdom, not other exists—thus one should know; heaven here in this—king conquered by me alone.)
Therefore, having properly examined this greed and restrained it firmly within oneself, one should desire the kingdom. One should know that there is no other kingdom than this; here, even heaven has been conquered by me alone. (14-31-12)
इति राज्ञाम्बरीषेण गाथा गीता यशस्विना। आधिराज्यं पुरस्कृत्य लोभमेकं निकृन्तता ॥१४-३१-१३॥
iti rājñāmbarīṣeṇa gāthā gītā yaśasvinā। ādhirājyaṃ puraskṛtya lobhamekaṃ nikṛntatā ॥14-31-13॥
[इति (iti) - thus; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; अम्बरीषेण (ambarīṣeṇa) - Ambarīṣa; गाथा (gāthā) - song; गीतā (gītā) - sung; यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - by the glorious one; आधिराज्यं (ādhirājyaṃ) - supremacy; पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having regarded as foremost; लोभम् (lobham) - greed; एकं (ekaṃ) - one; निकृन्तता (nikṛntatā) - cutting down;]
(Thus, by King Ambarīṣa, the song was sung by the glorious one, having placed supremacy in front (as foremost), cutting down the one greed.)
Thus, King Ambarīṣa, the glorious one, sang the song, having regarded the supremacy as foremost and eliminating singular greed. (14-31-13)
