7.1 Summary

Impermanence is due to underlying impermanence of the substance (dravya). Similarly, the permanence of things is due to the eternality of the substance (dravya). The perception and non-perception of the minute and the great is explained in the everlasting and also from the multiplicity of causes. Therefore, the minute particle is the opposite extreme. Hence, the terms 'minute' and 'great' are used to indicate the presence or absence of distinction. They can occur at the same time (based on the quality and action in context). Thus, Non-actions are explained by actions; qualities are explained by other qualities, ignorance is also a mark of knowledge. The speciality about eternality is it extends around in a sphere. From such manifestations arise - mahat, ether, and likewise the Ātmān. When that cause is absent, the mind becomes subtle or minute. Hence, 'Time' is present in the cause.

Qualities are described. Form, taste, smell, and touch in earth and others are impermanent due to the impermanence of the substance. By this, eternality in eternal things is stated. The light in fire, and air, are eternal due to the eternality of the substance. In impermanent things, they are impermanent due to the impermanence of the substance. In Earth element, qualities are cooked as per the cause.

Because of the nature of being one substance. The perception and non-perception of the minute particle and of the great is explained in the everlasting. And from the multiplicity of causes. Therefore, the minute particle is the opposite extreme. The terms 'minute particle' and 'great' — thus are said, due to the presence of distinction or due to the absence of distinction. Because it occurs at the same time. And also from the example. The greatness of minuteness and absence of greatness in minuteness is explained in terms of actions and qualities. Non-actions have been explained by actions; qualities have been explained by qualities. By both minuteness and greatness, the qualities of action and (their) attributes have been explained. By this, length and shortness are explained. Impermanence in the impermanent. Eternity in the eternal. The eternality extends around in a circle or sphere. Ignorance is also a mark of knowledge. From manifestations arise the mahat, ether, and likewise the Ātmān. When that (cause) is absent, the mind becomes subtle or minute. Direction is explained by the qualities. Time (is present) in the cause.