Chapter 5: Vyāsa arrives at Janamejaya’s serpent sacrifice, and Vaiśampāyana begins narrating the Jaya with its table of contents.
श्रुत्वा तु सर्पसत्राय दीक्षितं जनमेजयम्। अभ्यागच्छदृषिर्विद्वान्कृष्णद्वैपायनस्तदा॥BORI: १-५४-१॥
When the learned sage Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana heard that Janamejaya had been consecrated for the snake sacrifice, he came there. (BORI: 1-54-1)
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जनयामास यं काली शक्तेः पुत्रात्पराशरात्। कन्यैव यमुनाद्वीपे पाण्डवानां पितामहम्॥BORI: १-५४-२॥
whom Kālī, while still a maiden, bore to Parāśara, the son of Śakti, on an island in the Yamunā—the grandfather of the Pāṇḍavas. (BORI: 1-54-2)
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जातमात्रश्च यः सद्य इष्ट्या देहमवीवृधत्। वेदांश्चाधिजगे साङ्गान्सेतिहासान्महायशाः॥BORI: १-५४-३॥
who, as soon as he was born, enlarged his body at will and, greatly renowned, mastered the Vedas together with their ancillary disciplines and the Itihasas… (BORI: 1-54-3)
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यं नातितपसा कश्चिन्न वेदाध्ययनेन च। न व्रतैर्नोपवासैश्च न प्रसूत्या न मन्युना॥BORI: १-५४-४॥
whom no one surpasses in austerity, Vedic study, vows, fasting, progeny, or wrath... (BORI: 1-54-4)
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विव्यासैकं चतुर्धा यो वेदं वेदविदां वरः। परावरज्ञो ब्रह्मर्षिः कविः सत्यव्रतः शुचिः॥BORI: १-५४-५॥
who, foremost among those who know the Veda, divided the single Veda into four—a Brahmarshi who knew the higher and the lower, a seer, true to his vows, and pure… (BORI: 1-54-5)
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यः पाण्डुं धृतराष्ट्रं च विदुरं चाप्यजीजनत्। शन्तनोः सन्ततिं तन्वन्पुण्यकीर्तिर्महायशाः॥BORI: १-५४-६॥
who begot Pandu, Dhritarashtra, and Vidura, perpetuating Shantanu’s line, a man of holy fame and great renown… (BORI: 1-54-6)
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जनमेजयस्य राजर्षेः स तद्यज्ञसदस्तदा। विवेश शिष्यैः सहितो वेदवेदाङ्गपारगैः॥BORI: १-५४-७॥
He then entered the royal sage Janamejaya’s sacrificial hall, accompanied by his disciples, who were thoroughly versed in the Vedas and their ancillary sciences. (BORI: 1-54-7)
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तत्र राजानमासीनं ददर्श जनमेजयम्। वृतं सदस्यैर्बहुभिर्देवैरिव पुरंदरम्॥BORI: १-५४-८॥
There he saw King Janamejaya seated, surrounded by many participants in the sacrificial session, like Purandara surrounded by the gods. (BORI: 1-54-8)
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तथा मूर्धावसिक्तैश्च नानाजनपदेश्वरैः। ऋत्विग्भिर्देवकल्पैश्च कुशलैर्यज्ञसंस्तरे॥BORI: १-५४-९॥
as well as by consecrated kings, lords of many realms, and by godlike officiating priests skilled in the performance of sacrifices. (BORI: 1-54-9)
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जनमेजयस्तु राजर्षिर्दृष्ट्वा तमृषिमागतम्। सगणोऽब्युद्ययौ तूर्णं प्रीत्या भरतसत्तमः॥BORI: १-५४-१०॥
But when the royal sage Janamejaya saw that the seer had arrived, the foremost of the Bharatas quickly rose with his retinue to greet him, filled with delight. (BORI: 1-54-10)
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काञ्चनं विष्टरं तस्मै सदस्यानुमते प्रभुः। आसनं कल्पयामास यथा शक्रो बृहस्पतेः॥BORI: १-५४-११॥
With the assembly’s consent, the king prepared a golden seat for him, as Śakra does for Bṛhaspati. (BORI: 1-54-11)
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तत्रोपविष्टं वरदं देवर्षिगणपूजितम्। पूजयामास राजेन्द्रः शास्त्रदृष्टेन कर्मणा॥BORI: १-५४-१२॥
When the boon-granting sage, honored by hosts of divine seers, had taken his seat there, the king paid homage to him with the rites prescribed in scripture. (BORI: 1-54-12)
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पाद्यमाचमनीयं च अर्घ्यं गां च विधानतः। पितामहाय कृष्णाय तदर्हाय न्यवेदयत्॥BORI: १-५४-१३॥
He duly offered water for washing the feet, water for sipping, a respectful offering, and a cow to his venerable grandfather Krishna, who was worthy of such honors. (BORI: 1-54-13)
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प्रतिगृह्य च तां पूजां पाण्डवाज्जनमेजयात्। गां चैव समनुज्ञाय व्यासः प्रीतोऽभवत्तदा॥BORI: १-५४-१४॥
Having accepted that honor from Janamejaya, descendant of Pandu, and dismissed the cow, Vyasa was pleased. (BORI: 1-54-14)
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तथा सम्पूजयित्वा तं यत्नेन प्रपितामहम्। उपोपविश्य प्रीतात्मा पर्यपृच्छदनामयम्॥BORI: १-५४-१५॥
After thus honoring his great-grandfather with due care, he sat down beside him and, pleased at heart, inquired after his health. (BORI: 1-54-15)
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भगवानपि तं दृष्ट्वा कुशलं प्रतिवेद्य च। सदस्यैः पूजितः सर्वैः सदस्यानभ्यपूजयत्॥BORI: १-५४-१६॥
The venerable sage, on seeing him, reported that all was well; then, honored by all the members of the assembly, he honored them in return. (BORI: 1-54-16)
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ततस्तं सत्कृतं सर्वैः सदस्यैर्जनमेजयः। इदं पश्चाद्द्विजश्रेष्ठं पर्यपृच्छत्कृताञ्जलिः॥BORI: १-५४-१७॥
Then Janamejaya, with joined palms, addressed this question to that foremost of Brahmins, after he had been honored by all the members of the assembly: (BORI: 1-54-17)
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कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च भवान्प्रत्यक्षदर्शिवान्। तेषां चरितमिच्छामि कथ्यमानं त्वया द्विज॥BORI: १-५४-१८॥
You witnessed the Kurus and the Pandavas firsthand. O Brahmin, I wish to hear their story told by you. (BORI: 1-54-18)
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कथं समभवद्भेदस्तेषामक्लिष्टकर्मणाम्। तच्च युद्धं कथं वृत्तं भूतान्तकरणं महत्॥BORI: १-५४-१९॥
How did discord arise among those men of blameless deeds? And how did that great war unfold, bringing about the destruction of all beings? (BORI: 1-54-19)
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पितामहानां सर्वेषां दैवेनाविष्टचेतसाम्। कार्त्स्न्येनैतत्समाचक्ष्व भगवन्कुशलो ह्यसि॥BORI: १-५४-२०॥
among all the grandsires, whose minds were possessed by fate? Tell me all this in full, venerable sir, for you are well versed in it. (BORI: 1-54-20)
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तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा कृष्णद्वैपायनस्तदा। शशास शिष्यमासीनं वैशम्पायनमन्तिके॥BORI: १-५४-२१॥
Hearing his words, Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana then instructed his disciple Vaiśampāyana, who was seated nearby: (BORI: 1-54-21)
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कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च यथा भेदोऽभवत्पुरा। तदस्मै सर्वमाचक्ष्व यन्मत्तः श्रुतवानसि॥BORI: १-५४-२२॥
Tell him in full how the division between the Kurus and the Pandavas arose long ago, just as you heard it from me. (BORI: 1-54-22)
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गुरोर्वचनमाज्ञाय स तु विप्रर्षभस्तदा। आचचक्षे ततः सर्वमितिहासं पुरातनम्॥BORI: १-५४-२३॥
Obeying his teacher’s command, that foremost of Brahmins then recounted the entire ancient history— (BORI: 1-54-23)
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तस्मै राज्ञे सदस्येभ्यः क्षत्रियेभ्यश्च सर्वशः। भेदं राज्यविनाशं च कुरुपाण्डवयोस्तदा॥BORI: १-५४-२४॥
to that king, the members of the assembly, and all the Kshatriyas, then recounting in full the conflict between the Kurus and the Pandavas and the destruction of their kingdom. (BORI: 1-54-24)
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गुरवे प्राङ्नमस्कृत्य मनोबुद्धिसमाधिभिः। सम्पूज्य च द्विजान्सर्वांस्तथान्यान्विदुषो जनान्॥BORI: १-५५-१॥
Having first bowed to my teacher with mind, intellect, and concentration, and having duly honored all the twice-born and other learned people… (BORI: 1-55-1)
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महर्षेः सर्वलोकेषु विश्रुतस्यास्य धीमतः। प्रवक्ष्यामि मतं कृत्स्नं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः॥BORI: १-५५-२॥
I shall set forth in full the thought of this wise great seer, Vyasa of immeasurable splendor, who is renowned throughout all the worlds. (BORI: 1-55-2)
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श्रोतुं पात्रं च राजंस्त्वं प्राप्येमां भारतीं कथाम्। गुरोर्वक्तुं परिस्पन्दो मुदा प्रोत्साहतीव माम्॥BORI: १-५५-३॥
Having found you, O king, a worthy listener to this tale of the Bharatas, the impulse to tell my teacher’s work seems to spur me on with joy. (BORI: 1-55-3)
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शृणु राजन्यथा भेदः कुरुपाण्डवयोरभूत्। राज्यार्थे द्यूतसम्भूतो वनवासस्तथैव च॥BORI: १-५५-४॥
Listen, O king, to how the conflict between the Kurus and the Pandavas arose over the kingdom through a game of dice, and likewise to their exile in the forest. (BORI: 1-55-4)
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यथा च युद्धमभवत्पृथिवीक्षयकारकम्। तत्तेऽहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि पृच्छते भरतर्षभ॥BORI: १-५५-५॥
And how the war that brought about the destruction of the earth arose—I shall relate all this to you, since you have asked, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-55-5)
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मृते पितरि ते वीरा वनादेत्य स्वमन्दिरम्। नचिरादिव विद्वांसो वेदे धनुषि चाभवन्॥BORI: १-५५-६॥
After their father died, those heroes returned from the forest to their own home and soon became proficient in the Veda and archery. (BORI: 1-55-6)
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तांस्तथा रूपवीर्यौजःसम्पन्नान्पौरसंमतान्। नामृष्यन्कुरवो दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवाञ्श्रीयशोभृतः॥BORI: १-५५-७॥
The Kurus could not bear to see the Pandavas so endowed with beauty, valor, and strength, esteemed by the citizens, and possessed of prosperity and fame. (BORI: 1-55-7)
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ततो दुर्योधनः क्रूरः कर्णश्च सहसौबलः। तेषां निग्रहनिर्वासान्विविधांस्ते समाचरन्॥BORI: १-५५-८॥
Then the cruel Duryodhana, together with Karna and Saubala, employed various means to subdue and banish them. (BORI: 1-55-8)
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ददावथ विषं पापो भीमाय धृतराष्ट्रजः। जरयामास तद्वीरः सहान्नेन वृकोदरः॥BORI: १-५५-९॥
Then the wicked son of Dhritarashtra gave poison to Bhima, but the hero Vrikodara digested it along with his food. (BORI: 1-55-9)
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प्रमाणकोट्यां संसुप्तं पुनर्बद्ध्वा वृकोदरम्। तोयेषु भीमं गङ्गायाः प्रक्षिप्य पुरमाव्रजत्॥BORI: १-५५-१०॥
Then, after binding the sleeping Vṛkodara once more at Pramāṇakoṭi, he cast Bhīma into the waters of the Gaṅgā and returned to the city. (BORI: 1-55-10)
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यदा प्रबुद्धः कौन्तेयस्तदा सञ्छिद्य बन्धनम्। उदतिष्ठन्महाराज भीमसेनो गतव्यथः॥BORI: १-५५-११॥
When Kunti’s son awoke, he broke his bonds and rose, O great king; Bhimasena was unharmed. (BORI: 1-55-11)
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आशीविषैः कृष्णसर्पैः सुप्तं चैनमदंशयत्। सर्वेष्वेवाङ्गदेशेषु न ममार च शत्रुहा॥BORI: १-५५-१२॥
He also had venomous black snakes bite him while he slept, all over his body; but the slayer of foes did not die. (BORI: 1-55-12)
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तेषां तु विप्रकारेषु तेषु तेषु महामतिः। मोक्षणे प्रतिघाते च विदुरोऽवहितोऽभवत्॥BORI: १-५५-१३॥
With every such outrage against them, the wise Vidura remained vigilant in rescuing them and thwarting it. (BORI: 1-55-13)
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स्वर्गस्थो जीवलोकस्य यथा शक्रः सुखावहः। पाण्डवानां तथा नित्यं विदुरोऽपि सुखावहः॥BORI: १-५५-१४॥
Just as Śakra, dwelling in heaven, brings happiness to the world of living beings, so Vidura always brought happiness to the Pāṇḍavas. (BORI: 1-55-14)
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यदा तु विविधोपायैः संवृतैर्विवृतैरपि। नाशक्नोद्विनिहन्तुं तान्दैवभाव्यर्थरक्षितान्॥BORI: १-५५-१५॥
But when he was unable to kill them by various means, whether secret or open, for they were protected by fate for what was yet to come... (BORI: 1-55-15)
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ततः संमन्त्र्य सचिवैर्वृषदुःशासनादिभिः। धृतराष्ट्रमनुज्ञाप्य जातुषं गृहमादिशत्॥BORI: १-५५-१६॥
Then, after consulting his advisers—Vṛṣa, Duḥśāsana, and the others—and obtaining Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s permission, he ordered a house of lac to be built. (BORI: 1-55-16)
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तत्र तान्वासयामास पाण्डवानमितौजसः। अदाहयच्च विस्रब्धान्पावकेन पुनस्तदा॥BORI: १-५५-१७॥
There he lodged the Pandavas of immeasurable might and then, when they were unsuspecting, had them burned with fire. (BORI: 1-55-17)
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ते प्रातिष्ठन्त सहिता नगरान्नागसाह्वयात् । प्रस्थाने चाभवन्मन्त्री क्षत्ता तेषां महात्मनाम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-२०; NILA: ०१.०६१.०१९॥
Together they departed from the city called after the elephant, and at their departure Kshattri served as counselor to those great souls. (KUMB: 1-61-20; NILA: 01.061.019)
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न्यवसन्त महात्मानो मात्रा सह परन्तपाः । धृतराष्ट्रेण चाज्ञप्ता उषिता जातुषे गृहे ॥KUMB: १-६१-२२; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२१॥
The great-souled scorchers of foes took up residence with their mother. At Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s command, they stayed in the house of lac... (KUMB: 1-61-22; NILA: 01.061.021)
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पुरोचनाद्रक्षमाणाः संवत्सरमतन्द्रिताः । सुरुङ्गां कारयित्वा तु विदुरेण प्रचोदिताः ॥KUMB: १-६१-२३; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२२॥
Guarding themselves against Purochana and remaining vigilant for a year, they had a tunnel dug at Vidura’s urging… (KUMB: 1-61-23; NILA: 01.061.022)
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विदुरस्यैव वचनात्खनित्री विहिता ततः। मोक्षयामास योगेन ते मुक्ताः प्राद्रवन्भयात्॥BORI: १-५५-१८॥
Then, at Vidura’s express instruction, a tunnel was prepared. By this stratagem they were enabled to escape, and once free, they fled in fear. (BORI: 1-55-18)
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आदीप्य जातुषं वेश्म दग्ध्वा चैव पुरोचनम् । प्राद्रवन्भयसंविग्ना मात्रा सह परन्तपाः ॥KUMB: १-६१-२४; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२३॥
The scorcher of foes set fire to the house of lac, burned Purocana, and fled in terror with their mother. (KUMB: 1-61-24; NILA: 01.061.023)
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ततो महावने घोरे हिडिम्बं नाम राक्षसम्। भीमसेनोऽवधीत्क्रुद्धो भुवि भीमपराक्रमः॥BORI: १-५५-१९॥
Then, in the vast and dreadful forest, the mighty Bhimasena, enraged, slew on the ground a Rakshasa named Hidimba. (BORI: 1-55-19)
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ददृशुर्दारुणं रक्षो हिडिम्बं वननिर्झरे । हत्वा च तं राक्षसेन्द्रं भीताः समवबोधनात् ॥KUMB: १-६१-२५; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२४॥
They saw the dreadful Rakshasa Hidimba by a forest waterfall; and after killing that lord of the Rakshasas, fearful of being discovered… (KUMB: 1-61-25; NILA: 01.061.024)
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निशि संप्राद्रवन्पार्था धार्तराष्ट्रभयार्दिताः । प्राप्ता हिडिम्बा भीमेन यत्र जातो घटोत्कचः ॥KUMB: १-६१-२६; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२५॥
At night the sons of Pritha fled, tormented by fear of Dhritarashtra’s sons. There Bhima took Hidimba as his mate, and Ghatotkacha was born. (KUMB: 1-61-26; NILA: 01.061.025)
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अथ सन्धाय ते वीरा एकचक्रां व्रजंस्तदा। ब्रह्मरूपधरा भूत्वा मात्रा सह परन्तपाः॥BORI: १-५५-२०॥
Then, having made an agreement, those heroic scorchers of foes went to Ekachakra with their mother, assuming the guise of Brahmins. (BORI: 1-55-20)
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तत्र ते ब्राह्मणार्थाय बकं हत्वा महाबलम्। ब्राह्मणैः सहिता जग्मुः पाञ्चालानां पुरं ततः॥BORI: १-५५-२१॥
There, for the sake of the Brahmin, they slew the mighty Baka; then, accompanied by Brahmins, they went to the city of the Panchalas. (BORI: 1-55-21)
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ततस्ते शुश्रुवुः कृष्णां पञ्चालेषु स्वयंवराम् । श्रुत्वा चैवाभ्यगच्छ्त गत्वा चैवालभन्त ताम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-३१; NILA: ०१.०६१.०३०॥
Then they heard that Krishna was to choose a husband at a svayamvara among the Panchalas. On hearing this, they went there and won her. (KUMB: 1-61-31; NILA: 01.061.030)
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ते तत्र द्रौपदीं लब्ध्वा परिसंवत्सरोषिताः। विदिता हास्तिनपुरं प्रत्याजग्मुररिंदमाः॥BORI: १-५५-२२॥
After obtaining Draupadi there and staying for a full year, those conquerors of foes, now recognized, returned to Hastinapura. (BORI: 1-55-22)
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त उक्ता धृतराष्ट्रेण राज्ञा शान्तनवेन च। भ्रातृभिर्विग्रहस्तात कथं वो न भवेदिति । अस्माभिः खाण्डवप्रस्थे युष्मद्वासोऽनुचिन्तितः॥BORI: १-५५-२३॥
King Dhritarashtra and Shantanu’s son told them, “Dear son, how can conflict between you and your brothers be avoided? We have chosen Khandavaprastha as your place of residence.” (BORI: 1-55-23)
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तस्माज्जनपदोपेतं सुविभक्तमहापथम्। वासाय खाण्डवप्रस्थं व्रजध्वं गतमन्यवः॥BORI: १-५५-२४॥
Therefore, free from anger, go and make your home at Khandavaprastha, which is well populated and has broad, well-laid-out roads. (BORI: 1-55-24)
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तयोस्ते वचनाज्जग्मुः सह सर्वैः सुहृज्जनैः। नगरं खाण्डवप्रस्थं रत्नान्यादाय सर्वशः॥BORI: १-५५-२५॥
At the words of those two, they went with all their friends to the city of Khandavaprastha, taking riches of every kind with them. (BORI: 1-55-25)
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तत्र ते न्यवसन्राजन्संवत्सरगणान्बहून्। वशे शस्त्रप्रतापेन कुर्वन्तोऽन्यान्महीक्षितः॥BORI: १-५५-२६॥
There they lived for many years, O king, bringing other rulers under their sway through the might of their weapons. (BORI: 1-55-26)
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एवं धर्मप्रधानास्ते सत्यव्रतपरायणाः। अप्रमत्तोत्थिताः क्षान्ताः प्रतपन्तोऽहितांस्तदा॥BORI: १-५५-२७॥
Thus, placing dharma foremost, devoted to truth, vigilant, energetic, and patient, they were then scorching their enemies… (BORI: 1-55-27)
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अजयद्भीमसेनस्तु दिशं प्राचीं महाबलः। उदीचीमर्जुनो वीरः प्रतीचीं नकुलस्तथा॥BORI: १-५५-२८॥
The mighty Bhimasena conquered the east, the valiant Arjuna the north, and Nakula the west. (BORI: 1-55-28)
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दक्षिणां सहदेवस्तु विजिग्ये परवीरहा। एवं चक्रुरिमां सर्वे वशे कृत्स्नां वसुन्धराम्॥BORI: १-५५-२९॥
Sahadeva, the slayer of enemy heroes, conquered the southern region. Thus they all brought the entire earth under their sway. (BORI: 1-55-29)
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पञ्चभिः सूर्यसङ्काशैः सूर्येण च विराजता। षट्सूर्येवाबभौ पृथ्वी पाण्डवैः सत्यविक्रमैः॥BORI: १-५५-३०॥
With the five Pandavas, radiant as the sun and true in valor, and with the resplendent sun itself, the earth shone as though illuminated by six suns. (BORI: 1-55-30)
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ततो निमित्ते कस्मिंश्चिद्धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः। वनं प्रस्थापयामास भ्रातरं वै धनञ्जयम्॥BORI: १-५५-३१॥
Then, on a certain occasion, King Yudhishthira sent his brother Dhananjaya into the forest. (BORI: 1-55-31)
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स वै संवत्सरं पूर्णं मासं चैकं वनेऽवसत्। ततोऽगच्छद्धृषीकेशं द्वारवत्यां कदाचन॥BORI: १-५५-३२॥
He remained in the forest for a full year and one month. Then, after some time, he went to Hrishikesha in Dvaravati. (BORI: 1-55-32)
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लब्धवांस्तत्र बीभत्सुर्भार्यां राजीवलोचनाम्। अनुजां वासुदेवस्य सुभद्रां भद्रभाषिणीम्॥BORI: १-५५-३३॥
There Bibhatsu took as his wife the lotus-eyed Subhadra, Vasudeva’s younger sister, who spoke graciously. (BORI: 1-55-33)
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सा शचीव महेन्द्रेण श्रीः कृष्णेनेव सङ्गता। सुभद्रा युयुजे प्रीता पाण्डवेनार्जुनेन ह॥BORI: १-५५-३४॥
The delighted Subhadra was united with Arjuna, the son of Pandu, as Shachi was with Mahendra and Shri with Krishna. (BORI: 1-55-34)
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अतर्पयच्च कौन्तेयः खाण्डवे हव्यवाहनम्। बीभत्सुर्वासुदेवेन सहितो नृपसत्तम॥BORI: १-५५-३५॥
And in the Khandava Forest, Kunti’s son Bibhatsu, together with Vasudeva, satiated the fire god, O best of kings. (BORI: 1-55-35)
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नातिभारो हि पार्थस्य केशवेनाभवत्सह। व्यवसायसहायस्य विष्णोः शत्रुवधेष्विव॥BORI: १-५५-३६॥
For Pārtha, with Keshava beside him, no task was too great—just as none is too great for Vishnu, aided by his resolve, when slaying his enemies. (BORI: 1-55-36)
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पार्थायाग्निर्ददौ चापि गाण्डीवं धनुरुत्तमम्। इषुधी चाक्षयैर्बाणै रथं च कपिलक्षणम्॥BORI: १-५५-३७॥
Agni also gave Partha the Gandiva, the finest of bows, two quivers filled with inexhaustible arrows, and a chariot bearing the monkey emblem. (BORI: 1-55-37)
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मोक्षयामास बीभत्सुर्मयं तत्र महासुरम्। स चकार सभां दिव्यां सर्वरत्नसमाचिताम्॥BORI: १-५५-३८॥
There Bibhatsu rescued Maya, the great Asura, who then built a magnificent hall filled with every kind of jewel. (BORI: 1-55-38)
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तस्यां दुर्योधनो मन्दो लोभं चक्रे सुदुर्मतिः। ततोऽक्षैर्वञ्चयित्वा च सौबलेन युधिष्ठिरम्॥BORI: १-५५-३९॥
In that hall, foolish, evil-minded Duryodhana became covetous. Then, after cheating Yudhishthira at dice with the aid of Subala’s son… (BORI: 1-55-39)
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वनं प्रस्थापयामास सप्त वर्षाणि पञ्च च। अज्ञातमेकं राष्ट्रे च तथा वर्षं त्रयोदशम्॥BORI: १-५५-४०॥
and sent him into the forest for seven years and five, followed by one year living unrecognized in a kingdom—thus making the thirteenth year. (BORI: 1-55-40)
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ततश्चतुर्दशे वर्षे याचमानाः स्वकं वसु। नालभन्त महाराज ततो युद्धमवर्तत॥BORI: १-५५-४१॥
Then, in the fourteenth year, when they asked for their own property, they did not obtain it, great king; thereupon war broke out. (BORI: 1-55-41)
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ततस्ते सर्वमुत्साद्य हत्वा दुर्योधनं नृपम्। राज्यं विद्रुतभूयिष्ठं प्रत्यपद्यन्त पाण्डवाः॥BORI: १-५५-४२॥
Then, having destroyed everything and slain King Duryodhana, the Pandavas took possession of a kingdom from which most of its people had fled. (BORI: 1-55-42)
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इष्ट्वा क्रतूंश्च विविधानश्वमेधादिकान्बहून् । धृतराष्ट्रे गते स्वर्गं विदुरे पञ्चतां गते ॥KUMB: १-६१-५५; KUMB: १-६१-५६॥
having also performed many different sacrifices, beginning with the horse sacrifice, and when Dhritarashtra had gone to heaven and Vidura had died… (KUMB: 1-61-55; KUMB: 1-61-56)
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गमयित्वा क्रियां स्वर्ग्यां राज्ञाममिततेजसाम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-५६; KUMB: १-६१-५७॥
Having performed the heaven-winning rites for the kings of immeasurable splendor and, (KUMB: 1-61-56; KUMB: 1-61-57)
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महाप्रस्थानिकं कृत्वा गताः स्वर्गमनुत्तमम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-५७॥
They made the Great Departure and went to the highest heaven. (KUMB: 1-61-57)
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एवमेतत्पुरावृत्तं तेषामक्लिष्टकर्मणाम्। भेदो राज्यविनाशश्च जयश्च जयतां वर॥BORI: १-५५-४३॥
Thus all this befell those men of tireless deeds long ago: dissension, the loss of their kingdom, and victory, O best of conquerors. (BORI: 1-55-43)
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शृणु राजन्यथा वीरा भ्रातरः पञ्च पाण्डवाः । विरोधमन्वगच्छन्त धार्तराष्ट्रैर्दुरात्मभिः ॥KUMB: १-६१-१॥
Hear, O king, how the five heroic Pandava brothers came into conflict with the wicked sons of Dhritarashtra. (KUMB: 1-61-1)
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ततो दुर्योधनः क्रूरः कुलिङ्गस्य मते स्थितः । पाण्डवान्विविधोपायै राज्यहेतोरपीडयत् ॥KUMB: १-६१-१०; NILA: ०१.०६१.००९॥
Then the cruel Duryodhana, following Kalinga’s counsel, persecuted the Pandavas by various means in order to gain the kingdom. (KUMB: 1-61-10; NILA: 01.061.009)
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सुतप्रियैषी तान्राजा पाण्डवानम्बिकासुतः । ततो विवासयामास राज्यभोगबुभुक्षया ॥KUMB: १-६१-१९; NILA: ०१.०६१.०१८॥
Then King Dhritarashtra, Ambika’s son, eager to please his son and longing to enjoy the kingdom, banished the Pandavas. (KUMB: 1-61-19; NILA: 01.061.018)
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तेन मुक्ता जतुगृहान्निशीथे प्राद्रवन्वनम् । ततः संप्राप्य कौन्तेया नगरं वारणावतम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-२१; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२०॥
Saved by him from the house of lac, they fled into the forest at midnight. Then, upon reaching the city of Varanavata, the sons of Kunti… (KUMB: 1-61-21; NILA: 01.061.020)
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एकचक्रां ततो हत्वा पाण्डवाः संशितव्रताः । वेदाध्ययनसंपन्नास्तेऽभवन्ब्रह्मचारिणः ॥KUMB: १-६१-२७; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२६॥
Then, having slain Ekacakrā, the Pāṇḍavas, strict in their vows and accomplished in Vedic study, became celibate students. (KUMB: 1-61-27; NILA: 01.061.026)
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ते तत्र नियताः कालं कंचिदूषुर्नरर्षभाः । मात्रा सहैकचक्रायां ब्राह्मणस्य निवेशने ॥KUMB: १-६१-२८; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२७॥
Those bulls among men lived there for some time under strict discipline, together with their mother, in a Brahmin’s house in Ekacakrā. (KUMB: 1-61-28; NILA: 01.061.027)
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तत्राससाद क्षुधितं पुरुषादं वृकोदरः । भीमसेनो महाबाहुर्बकं नाम महाबलम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-२९; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२८॥
There the mighty-armed Bhimasena, Wolf-bellied, encountered a ravenous, man-eating creature named Baka, who possessed immense strength. (KUMB: 1-61-29; NILA: 01.061.028)
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तं चापि पुरुषव्याघ्रो बाहुवीर्येण पाण्डवः । निहत्य तरसा वीरो नागरान्पर्यसान्त्वयत् ॥KUMB: १-६१-३०; NILA: ०१.०६१.०२९॥
The heroic Pandava, a tiger among men, slew him swiftly through the strength of his arms and reassured the townspeople. (KUMB: 1-61-30; NILA: 01.061.029)
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प्राणेभ्योऽपि प्रियतरं भ्रातरं सव्यसाचिनम् । अर्जुनं पुरुषव्याघ्रं स्थिरात्मानं गुणैर्युतम् ॥KUMB: १-६१-४२; KUMB: १-६१-४३; NILA: ०१.०६१.०४१; NILA: ०१.०६१.०४२॥
their brother Savyasachin, dearer to them even than life—Arjuna, a tiger among men, steadfast and endowed with virtues... (KUMB: 1-61-42; KUMB: 1-61-43; NILA: 01.061.041; NILA: 01.061.042)
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तीर्थयात्रां च कृतवान्नागकन्यामवाप च । पाण्ड्यस्य तनयां लब्ध्वा तत्र ताभ्यांसहोषितः ॥KUMB: १-६१-४४॥
He went on a pilgrimage and won a Nāga maiden; having also obtained the Pāṇḍya king’s daughter, he lived there with both of them. (KUMB: 1-61-44)
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स्वं धाम याते वार्ष्णेये कृष्णदारान्प्ररक्ष्य च ॥KUMB: १-६१-५६; KUMB: १-६१-५७॥
when the Vārṣṇeya had gone to his own abode, having protected Krishna’s wives… (KUMB: 1-61-56; KUMB: 1-61-57)
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कथितं वै समासेन त्वया सर्वं द्विजोत्तम। महाभारतमाख्यानं कुरूणां चरितं महत्॥BORI: १-०५६-१॥
Best of Brahmins, you have indeed related everything in brief—the Mahabharata narrative, the great history of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-056-1)
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कथां त्वनघ चित्रार्थामिमां कथयति त्वयि। विस्तरश्रवणे जातं कौतूहलमतीव मे॥BORI: १-०५६-२॥
But, O sinless one, as you tell this wondrous tale, I have become intensely eager to hear it in detail. (BORI: 1-056-2)
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स भवान्विस्तरेणेमां पुनराख्यातुमर्हति। न हि तृप्यामि पूर्वेषां शृण्वानश्चरितं महत्॥BORI: १-०५६-३॥
Therefore, you should recount this to me again in full, for I never tire of hearing of the great deeds of the ancients. (BORI: 1-056-3)
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न तत्कारणमल्पं हि धर्मज्ञा यत्र पाण्डवाः। अवध्यान्सर्वशो जघ्नुः प्रशस्यन्ते च मानवैः॥BORI: १-०५६-४॥
The cause cannot have been slight, for the Pandavas, who knew dharma, utterly slew those who were not to be slain and are praised by men. (BORI: 1-056-4)
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किमर्थं ते नरव्याघ्राः शक्ताः सन्तो ह्यनागसः। प्रयुज्यमानान्सङ्क्लेशान्क्षान्तवन्तो दुरात्मनाम्॥BORI: १-०५६-५॥
Why did those tigers among men, though powerful and blameless, endure the sufferings inflicted by the wicked? (BORI: 1-056-5)
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कथं नागायुतप्राणो बाहुशाली वृकोदरः। परिक्लिश्यन्नपि क्रोधं धृतवान्वै द्विजोत्तम॥BORI: १-०५६-६॥
How, O best of Brahmins, did the mighty-armed Vrikodara, whose strength equaled that of ten thousand elephants, restrain his anger even while being tormented? (BORI: 1-056-6)
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कथं सा द्रौपदी कृष्णा क्लिश्यमाना दुरात्मभिः। शक्ता सती धार्तराष्ट्रान्नादहद्घोरचक्षुषा॥BORI: १-०५६-७॥
How did Draupadi Krishna, though capable of doing so, refrain from burning the sons of Dhritarashtra with her terrible gaze as those wicked men tormented her? (BORI: 1-056-7)
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कथं व्यतिक्रमन्द्यूते पार्थौ माद्रीसुतौ तथा। अनुव्रजन्नरव्याघ्रं वञ्च्यमानं दुरात्मभिः॥BORI: १-०५६-८॥
How did the two sons of Pritha, and likewise the sons of Madri, stand aside during the dice game and follow that tiger among men while wicked men cheated him? (BORI: 1-056-8)
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कथं धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठः सुतो धर्मस्य धर्मवित्। अनर्हः परमं क्लेशं सोढवान्स युधिष्ठिरः॥BORI: १-०५६-९॥
How did Yudhishthira—the foremost upholder of dharma, the son of Dharma and knower of dharma—endure such extreme suffering, though he did not deserve it? (BORI: 1-056-9)
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कथं च बहुलाः सेनाः पाण्डवः कृष्णसारथिः। अस्यन्नेकोऽनयत्सर्वाः पितृलोकं धनञ्जयः॥BORI: १-०५६-१०॥
And how did the Pandava Dhananjaya, with Krishna as his charioteer, single-handedly shoot down the vast armies and send them all to the realm of the ancestors? (BORI: 1-056-10)
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एतदाचक्ष्व मे सर्वं यथावृत्तं तपोधन। यद्यच्च कृतवन्तस्ते तत्र तत्र महारथाः॥BORI: १-०५६-११॥
Tell me all this as it happened, O treasure of austerity, and everything those great chariot-warriors did in each place. (BORI: 1-056-11)
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महर्षेः सर्वलोकेषु पूजितस्य महात्मनः। प्रवक्ष्यामि मतं कृत्स्नं व्यासस्यामिततेजसः॥BORI: १-०५६-१२॥
I shall set forth in full the conception of Vyasa, the great-souled sage of immeasurable splendor, honored in all the worlds. (BORI: 1-056-12)
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अध्यायानां सहस्रे द्वे पर्वणां शतमेव च । श्लोकानां तु सहस्राणि नवतिश्च दशैव च । ततोऽष्टादशभिः पर्वैः संगृहीतं महर्षिणा ॥KUMB: १-६२-१६॥
There are two thousand chapters, exactly one hundred parvans, and one hundred thousand verses; the great seer then arranged it into eighteen parvans. (KUMB: 1-62-16)
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इदं शतसहस्रं हि श्लोकानां पुण्यकर्मणाम्। सत्यवत्यात्मजेनेह व्याख्यातममितौजसा॥BORI: १-०५६-१३॥
This collection of one hundred thousand verses concerning virtuous deeds was expounded here by the immensely powerful son of Satyavati. (BORI: 1-056-13)
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य इदं श्रावयेद्विद्वान्यश्चेदं शृणुयान्नरः। ते ब्रह्मणः स्थानमेत्य प्राप्नुयुर्देवतुल्यताम्॥BORI: १-०५६-१४॥
The learned man who recites this and the man who listens to it will attain Brahman’s abode and become equal to the gods. (BORI: 1-056-14)
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इदं हि वेदैः समितं पवित्रमपि चोत्तमम्। श्राव्याणामुत्तमं चेदं पुराणमृषिसंस्तुतम्॥BORI: १-०५६-१५॥
For this Purana accords with the Vedas, is holy and supreme, and is the finest of works to be recited, praised by the seers. (BORI: 1-056-15)
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अस्मिन्नर्थश्च धर्मश्च निखिलेनोपदिश्यते। इतिहासे महापुण्ये बुद्धिश्च परिनैष्ठिकी॥BORI: १-०५६-१६॥
In this highly meritorious history, worldly prosperity and righteousness are taught in full, as is ultimate wisdom. (BORI: 1-056-16)
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अक्षुद्रान्दानशीलांश्च सत्यशीलाननास्तिकान्। कार्ष्णं वेदमिमं विद्वाञ्श्रावयित्वार्थमश्नुते॥BORI: १-०५६-१७॥
A learned man who recites this Veda of Krishna to those who are noble, charitable, truthful, and believing obtains wealth. (BORI: 1-056-17)
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भ्रूणहत्याकृतं चापि पापं जह्यादसंशयम्। इतिहासमिमं श्रुत्वा पुरुषोऽपि सुदारुणः॥BORI: १-०५६-१८॥
Even a very cruel man, on hearing this history, would undoubtedly rid himself of the sin incurred by killing an unborn child. (BORI: 1-056-18)
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जयो नामेतिहासोऽयं श्रोतव्यो विजिगीषुणा। महीं विजयते सर्वां शत्रूंश्चापि पराजयेत्॥BORI: १-०५६-१९॥
This history, called Jaya, should be heard by one who desires victory; he will conquer the entire earth and defeat his enemies as well. (BORI: 1-056-19)
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इदं पुंसवनं श्रेष्ठमिदं स्वस्त्ययनं महत्। महिषीयुवराजाभ्यां श्रोतव्यं बहुशस्तथा॥BORI: १-०५६-२०॥
This is the finest rite for securing male offspring and a great rite for prosperity; likewise, it should be heard repeatedly by the chief queen and the crown prince. (BORI: 1-056-20)
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अर्थशास्त्रमिदं पुण्यं धर्मशास्त्रमिदं परम्। मोक्षशास्त्रमिदं प्रोक्तं व्यासेनामितबुद्धिना॥BORI: १-०५६-२१॥
This sacred work is a treatise on statecraft, a supreme treatise on dharma, and has been proclaimed as a treatise on liberation by Vyasa of boundless wisdom. (BORI: 1-056-21)
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सम्प्रत्याचक्षते चैव आख्यास्यन्ति तथापरे। पुत्राः शुश्रूषवः सन्ति प्रेष्याश्च प्रियकारिणः॥BORI: १-०५६-२२॥
They recount it now, and others too will recount it in the future. Sons are dutiful, and servants seek to please. (BORI: 1-056-22)
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शरीरेण कृतं पापं वाचा च मनसैव च। सर्वं तत्त्यजति क्षिप्रमिदं शृण्वन्नरः सदा॥BORI: १-०५६-२३॥
A man who constantly listens to this quickly casts off all the sin he has committed in body, speech, and mind. (BORI: 1-056-23)
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भारतानां महज्जन्म शृण्वतामनसूयताम्। नास्ति व्याधिभयं तेषां परलोकभयं कुतः॥BORI: १-०५६-२४॥
Those who listen without envy to the great birth of the Bharatas have no fear of illness—how then could they fear the next world? (BORI: 1-056-24)
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धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं पुण्यं तथैव च। कृष्णद्वैपायनेनेदं कृतं पुण्यचिकीर्षुणा॥BORI: १-०५६-२५॥
This work, bringing prosperity, fame, long life, heaven, and merit, was composed by Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana, who wished to perform a meritorious deed. (BORI: 1-056-25)
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कीर्तिं प्रथयता लोके पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम्। अन्येषां क्षत्रियाणां च भूरिद्रविणतेजसाम्॥BORI: १-०५६-२६॥
while spreading throughout the world the fame of the great-souled Pandavas and of other Kshatriyas possessed of abundant wealth and prowess… (BORI: 1-056-26)
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यथा समुद्रो भगवान्यथा च हिमवान्गिरिः। ख्यातावुभौ रत्ननिधी तथा भारतमुच्यते॥BORI: १-०५६-२७॥
Just as the venerable ocean and Mount Himalaya are both renowned repositories of jewels, so the Bharata is said to be. (BORI: 1-056-27)
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य इदं श्रावयेद्विद्वान्ब्राह्मणानिह पर्वसु। धूतपाप्मा जितस्वर्गो ब्रह्मभूयं स गच्छति॥BORI: १-०५६-२८॥
The learned man who recites this here to Brahmins on sacred days, cleansed of sin and assured of heaven, attains union with Brahman. (BORI: 1-056-28)
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यश्चेदं श्रावयेच्छ्राद्धे ब्राह्मणान्पादमन्ततः। अक्षय्यं तस्य तच्छ्राद्धमुपतिष्ठेत्पितृनपि॥BORI: १-०५६-२९॥
And whoever has even a quarter of this recited to Brahmins at a śrāddha—his śrāddha will remain imperishable and will reach his ancestors as well. (BORI: 1-056-29)
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अह्ना यदेनश्चाज्ञानात्प्रकरोति नरश्चरन्। तन्महाभारताख्यानं श्रुत्वैव प्रविलीयते॥BORI: १-०५६-३०॥
Whatever sin a man commits during the day, unwittingly, as he goes about his affairs, is entirely dissolved simply by hearing the Mahabharata narrative. (BORI: 1-056-30)
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भारतानां महज्जन्म महाभारतमुच्यते। निरुक्तमस्य यो वेद सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते॥BORI: १-०५६-३१॥
It is called the Mahabharata because it tells of the great birth of the Bharatas. Whoever understands this derivation of its name is freed from all sins. (BORI: 1-056-31)
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त्रिभिर्वर्षैः सदोत्थायी कृष्णद्वैपायनो मुनिः। महाभारतमाख्यानं कृतवानिदमुत्तमम्॥BORI: १-०५६-३२॥
The sage Krishna Dvaipayana, ever diligent, composed this excellent Mahabharata narrative over the course of three years. (BORI: 1-056-32)
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तपोनियममास्थाय कृतमेतन्महर्षिणा ॥KUMB: १-६२-४५; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४२॥
This was composed by the great seer after undertaking ascetic discipline. (KUMB: 1-62-45; NILA: 01.062.042)
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तस्मान्नियमसंयुक्तैः श्रोतव्यं ब्राह्मणैरिदम् । कृष्णप्रोक्तामिमां पुण्यां भारतीमुत्तमां कथाम् ॥KUMB: १-६२-४६; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४३॥
Therefore, Brahmins who observe religious disciplines should listen to this. This holy and excellent Bharata tale proclaimed by Krishna… (KUMB: 1-62-46; NILA: 01.062.043)
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धर्मे चार्थे च कामे च मोक्षे च भरतर्षभ। यदिहास्ति तदन्यत्र यन्नेहास्ति न तत्क्वचित्॥BORI: १-०५६-३३॥
In matters of dharma, prosperity, desire, and liberation, O bull of the Bharatas, whatever is found here may be found elsewhere; whatever is not here is found nowhere. (BORI: 1-056-33)
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क्षणं कुरु महाराज विपुलोऽयमनुक्रमः । पुण्याख्यानस्य वक्तव्यः कृष्णद्वैपायनेरितः ॥KUMB: १-६२-१२; NILA: ०१.०६२.०१२॥
Wait a moment, great king. This extensive sequence of the sacred narrative, as proclaimed by Krishna Dvaipayana, must be recounted. (KUMB: 1-62-12; NILA: 01.062.012)
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उपाख्यानैः सह ज्ञेयं श्राव्यं भारतमुत्तमम् । संक्षेपेण तु वक्ष्यामि सर्वमेतन्नराधिप ॥KUMB: १-६२-१५॥
The excellent Bharata, together with its subsidiary tales, should be learned and recited. But I shall relate all this briefly, O king. (KUMB: 1-62-15)
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मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यो राहुणा चन्द्रमा यथा ॥KUMB: १-६२-२२; NILA: ०१.०६२.०२०॥
is freed from all sins, as the moon is freed from Rāhu. (KUMB: 1-62-22; NILA: 01.062.020)
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वीरं जनयते पुत्रं कन्यां वा राज्यभागिनीम् ॥KUMB: १-६२-२४; NILA: ०१.०६२.०२२॥
She gives birth to a heroic son or a daughter destined to share in royal sovereignty. (KUMB: 1-62-24; NILA: 01.062.022)
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इदं हि ब्राह्मणैर्लोके आख्यातं ब्राह्मणेष्विह ॥KUMB: १-६२-२६॥
For this has been recounted here in the world by Brahmins among Brahmins. (KUMB: 1-62-26)
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सर्वविद्यावदातानां लोके प्रथितकर्मणाम् । य इदं मानवो लोके पुण्यार्थे ब्राह्मणाञ्छुचीन् ॥KUMB: १-६२-३२; NILA: ०१.०६२.०२९॥
of those distinguished in every branch of learning and renowned in the world for their deeds. Any man in the world who, for the sake of merit, would … this to pure Brahmins— (KUMB: 1-62-32; NILA: 01.062.029)
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श्रावयेत महापुण्यं तस्य धर्मः सनातनः । कुरूणां प्रथितं वंशं कीर्तयन्सततं शुचिः ॥KUMB: १-६२-३३; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३०॥
were to cause this supremely sacred work to be heard, his merit would be everlasting. Continually recounting the renowned lineage of the Kurus in purity… (KUMB: 1-62-33; NILA: 01.062.030)
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वंशमाप्नोति विपुलं लोके पूज्यतमो भवेत् । योऽधीते भारतं पुण्यं ब्राह्मणो नियतव्रतः ॥KUMB: १-६२-३४; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३१॥
A Brahmin who faithfully observes his vows and studies the sacred Bharata gains a flourishing line of descendants and becomes highly honored in the world. (KUMB: 1-62-34; NILA: 01.062.031)
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चतुरो वार्षिकान्मासान्सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते । विज्ञेयः स च वेदानां पारगो भारतं पठन् ॥KUMB: १-६२-३५; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३२॥
for the four months of the rainy season, is freed from all sins; and, while reciting the Bharata, he should be recognized as one who has mastered the Vedas. (KUMB: 1-62-35; NILA: 01.062.032)
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देवा राजर्षयो ह्यत्र पुण्या ब्रह्मर्षयस्तथा । कीर्त्यन्ते धूतपाप्मानः कीर्त्यते केशवस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-६२-३६; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३३॥
For here the gods, the royal sages, and the holy Brahmarshis, free from sin, are celebrated; Keśava too is celebrated. (KUMB: 1-62-36; NILA: 01.062.033)
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भगवांश्चापि देवेशो यत्र देवी च कीर्त्यते । अनेकजननो यत्र कार्तिकेयस्य संभवः ॥KUMB: १-६२-३७; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३४॥
where the Blessed Lord, the Lord of the gods, and the Goddess are celebrated, and where Karttikeya’s birth from many progenitors is recounted. (KUMB: 1-62-37; NILA: 01.062.034)
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ब्राह्मणानां गवां चैव माहात्म्यं यत्र कीर्त्यते । सर्वश्रुतिसमूहोऽयं श्रोतव्यो धर्मबुद्धिभिः ॥KUMB: १-६२-३८; NILA: ०१.०६२.०३५॥
Here the greatness of Brahmins and cows is proclaimed. This compendium of all sacred teachings should be heard by those devoted to dharma. (KUMB: 1-62-38; NILA: 01.062.035)
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महतो ह्येनसो मर्त्यान्मोचयेदनुकीर्तितः ॥KUMB: १-६२-४४; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४१॥
For when recited, it can free mortals from great sin. (KUMB: 1-62-44; NILA: 01.062.041)
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श्रावयिष्यन्ति ये विप्रा ये च श्रोष्यन्ति मानवाः । सर्वथा वर्तमाना वै न ते शोच्याः कृताकृतैः ॥KUMB: १-६२-४७; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४४॥
The Brahmins who recite it and the people who listen to it, however they may live, are surely not to be lamented for what they have done or left undone. (KUMB: 1-62-47; NILA: 01.062.044)
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नरेण धर्मकामेन सर्वः श्रोतव्य इत्यपि । निखिलेनेतिहासोऽयं ततः सिद्धिमवाप्नुयात् ॥KUMB: १-६२-४८; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४५॥
Moreover, a man who desires righteousness should hear this entire history in full; he may thereby attain perfection. (KUMB: 1-62-48; NILA: 01.062.045)
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न तां स्वर्गगतिं प्राप्य तुष्टिं प्राप्नोति मानवः । यां श्रुत्वैवं महापुण्यमितिहासमुपाश्नुते ॥KUMB: १-६२-४९; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४६॥
Even upon attaining heaven, a man does not experience the satisfaction he gains from hearing this supremely meritorious history. (KUMB: 1-62-49; NILA: 01.062.046)
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शृण्वञ्श्राद्धः पुण्यशीलः श्रावयंश्चेदमद्भुतम् । नरः फलमवाप्नोति राजसूयाश्वमेधयोः ॥KUMB: १-६२-५०; NILA: ०१.०६२.०४७॥
A faithful and virtuous man who listens to this wondrous history and has it recited obtains the fruit of the Rājasūya and Aśvamedha sacrifices. (KUMB: 1-62-50; NILA: 01.062.047)
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य इदं भारतं राजन्वाचकाय प्रयच्छति । तेन सर्वा मही दत्ता भवेत्सागरमेखला ॥KUMB: १-६२-५३; NILA: ०१.०६२.०५०॥
O king, whoever presents this Mahabharata to the reciter shall thereby have given away the entire earth, girdled by the ocean. (KUMB: 1-62-53; NILA: 01.062.050)
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पारिक्षित कथां दिव्यां पुण्याय विजयाय च । कथ्यमानां मया कृत्स्नां शृणु हर्षकरीमिमाम् ॥KUMB: १-६२-५४; NILA: ०१.०६२.०५१॥
O Pārikṣita, listen, for merit and victory, to this entire divine, joy-giving tale as I narrate it. (KUMB: 1-62-54; NILA: 01.062.051)
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शृणु कीर्तयतस्तन्म इतिहासं पुरातनम् ॥KUMB: १-६२-५६॥
Listen as I recount that ancient history. (KUMB: 1-62-56)
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पूरोर्वंशमहं धन्यं राज्ञाममिततेजसाम् । प्रवक्ष्यामि पितॄणां ते तेषां नामानि मे शृमु ॥KUMB: १-६३-१॥
I shall recount the blessed lineage of Puru—your ancestors, kings of immeasurable splendor. Hear their names from me. (KUMB: 1-63-1)
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अव्यक्तप्रभवो ब्रह्मा शाश्वतो नित्य अव्ययः । तस्मान्मरीचिः संजज्ञे दक्षश्चैव प्रजापतिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-२॥
Brahmā, who arose from the Unmanifest, is eternal, everlasting, and imperishable. From him were born Marīci and Dakṣa Prajāpati. (KUMB: 1-63-2)
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अङ्गुष्ठाद्दक्षमसृजच्चक्षुर्भ्यां च मरीचिनम् । मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रो दक्षस्य दुहिताऽऽदितिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३॥
He created Daksha from his thumb and Marichi from his eyes. Kashyapa was Marichi’s son, and Aditi was Daksha’s daughter. (KUMB: 1-63-3)
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अदित्यां कश्यपाद्विवस्थान् । विवस्वतो मनुर्मनोरिला ॥KUMB: १-६३-४॥
From Kashyapa and Aditi came Vivasvat; from Vivasvat came Manu, and from Manu, Ila. (KUMB: 1-63-4)
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इलायाः पुरूरवाः । पुरूरवस आयुः । आयुषो नहुषः । नहुषस्य ययातिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-५॥
From Ilā came Purūravas; from Purūravas, Āyus; from Āyus, Nahuṣa; and from Nahuṣa, Yayāti. (KUMB: 1-63-5)
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ययातेर्द्वे भार्ये बभूवतुः । उशनसो दुहिता देवयानी वृषपर्वणश्च दुहिता शर्मिष्ठा नाम ॥KUMB: १-६३-६॥
Yayāti had two wives: Devayānī, the daughter of Uśanas, and Śarmiṣṭhā, the daughter of Vṛṣaparvan. (KUMB: 1-63-6)
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तत्रानुवंशो भवति । यदुं च तुर्वसुं चैव देवयानी व्यजायत । द्रुह्यं चानुं च पूरुं च शर्मिष्ठा वार्षपर्वणी ॥KUMB: १-६३-७॥
The genealogy is as follows: Devayani bore Yadu and Turvasu, while Sharmishtha, the daughter of Vrishaparvan, bore Druhyu, Anu, and Puru. (KUMB: 1-63-7)
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तत्र यदोर्यादवाः । पूरोः पौरवाः । पूरोर्भार्या कौसल्या बभूव । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे जनमेजयः ॥KUMB: १-६३-८॥
From Yadu descended the Yadavas, and from Puru the Pauravas. Puru’s wife was Kausalya, and by her he fathered Janamejaya. (KUMB: 1-63-8)
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स त्रीन्हयमेधानाजहार । विश्वजिता चेष्ट्वा वनं प्रविवेश ॥KUMB: १-६३-९॥
He performed three horse sacrifices. After also performing the Viśvajit sacrifice, he entered the forest. (KUMB: 1-63-9)
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जनमेजयस्तु सुनन्दां नामोपयेमे मागधीं । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे प्राचीन्वान् ॥KUMB: १-६३-१०॥
Janamejaya married a woman of Magadha named Sunandā. By her he had a son, Prācīnvān, (KUMB: 1-63-10)
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यः प्राचीं दिशं जिगाय । यावत्सूर्यादयात् तत्तस्य प्राचीनत्वम् ॥KUMB: १-६३-११॥
who conquered the eastern quarter as far as the place where the sun rises; from this he received the name Prācīnvān. (KUMB: 1-63-11)
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प्राचीन्वांस्तु खल्वाश्मकीमुपयेमे यादवीम् । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे शस्यातिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१२॥
Prācīnvān, however, married Āśmakī, a Yādava woman; she bore him Śasyāti. (KUMB: 1-63-12)
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शय्यातिस्तु त्रिशङ्कोर्दुहितरं वराङ्गीं नामोपयेमे तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽहंयातिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१३॥
Shayyāti married Triśaṅku’s daughter, named Varāṅgī, and she bore him Ahaṃyāti. (KUMB: 1-63-13)
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अहंयातिस्तु खलु कृतवीर्यदुहितरं भानुमतीं नामोपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे सार्वभौमः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१४॥
Ahaṃyāti married Bhānumatī, the daughter of Kṛtavīrya. She bore him Sārvabhauma. (KUMB: 1-63-14)
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सार्वभौमस्तु खलु जित्वाऽऽजहार कैकयीं सुन्दरां नाम तामुपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे जयत्सेनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१५॥
Sārvabhauma conquered and carried off the Kekaya princess named Sundarā, and married her. By her he had a son, Jayatsena. (KUMB: 1-63-15)
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जयत्सेनस्तु खलु वैदर्भीमुपयेमे सुश्रवां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽपराचीनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१६॥
Jayatsena married a Vidarbha princess named Suśravas. By her he had a son, Aparācīna. (KUMB: 1-63-16)
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अपराचीनस्तु खलु वैदर्भीमपरामुपयेमे मर्यादां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽरिहः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१७॥
Aparācīna married another princess of Vidarbha, named Maryādā. She bore him Ariha. (KUMB: 1-63-17)
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अरिहः खल्वाङ्गीमुपेयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे महाभौमः ॥KUMB: १-६३-१८॥
Ariha married Āṅgī. By her he had a son, Mahābhauma. (KUMB: 1-63-18)
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महाभौमस्तु खलु प्रसेनजिद्दुहितरमुपयेमे सुयज्ञां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे अयुतानायी ॥KUMB: १-६३-१९॥
Mahabhauma married Prasenajit’s daughter, named Suyajna. She bore him a son, Ayutanayin. (KUMB: 1-63-19)
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यः पुरुषमेधे पुरुषाणामयुतमानयत्तत्तस्यायुतानायित्वम् ॥KUMB: १-६३-२०॥
At the human sacrifice, he brought ten thousand men; that is why he was called Ayutānāyin. (KUMB: 1-63-20)
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अयुतानायी तु खलु पृथुश्रवसो दुहितरमुपयेमे भासां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽक्रोधनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-२१॥
Ayutanayin married Prithushravas’s daughter, named Bhasa. By her he had a son, Akrodhana. (KUMB: 1-63-21)
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अक्रोधनस्तु खलु कालिङ्गीं कण्डूं नामोपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे देवातिथिः ॥KUMB: १-६३-२२॥
Akrodhana married a Kalinga princess named Kandu. By her he had a son, Devatithi. (KUMB: 1-63-22)
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देवातिथिस्तु खलु वैदर्भीमुपयेमे मर्यादां नाम तस्यामस्य जज्ञे ऋचः ॥KUMB: १-६३-२३॥
Devātithi married a princess of Vidarbha named Maryādā. By her he fathered Ṛca. (KUMB: 1-63-23)
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ऋचस्तु खलु वामदेव्यामङ्गराजकन्यायामृक्षं पुत्रमजीजनत् ॥KUMB: १-६३-२४॥
Ṛcas begot a son named Ṛkṣa by Vāmadevī, the daughter of the king of Aṅga. (KUMB: 1-63-24)
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ऋक्षस्तु खलु तक्षकदुहितरं ज्वलन्तीं नामोपयेमे । तस्यामन्त्यनारमुत्पादयामास ॥KUMB: १-६३-२५॥
Now Ṛkṣa married Takṣaka’s daughter, Jvalantī, and fathered Antināra by her. (KUMB: 1-63-25)
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अन्त्यनारस्तु खलु सरस्वत्यां द्वादशवार्षिकं सत्रमाजहार । तमुदवसाने सरस्वत्यभिगम्य भर्तारं वरयामास ॥KUMB: १-६३-२६॥
Antināra held a twelve-year sacrificial session on the Sarasvatī. At its conclusion, Sarasvatī approached him and chose him as her husband. (KUMB: 1-63-26)
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तस्यां पुत्रं जनयामास त्रस्नुं नाम । अत्रानुवंशो भवति ॥KUMB: १-६३-२७॥
He fathered a son by her named Trasnu. On this there is a genealogical verse: (KUMB: 1-63-27)
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त्रस्नुं सरस्वती पुत्रमन्त्यनारादजीजनत् । इलिलं जनयामास कालिन्द्यांत्रस्नुरात्मजम् ॥KUMB: १-६३-२८॥
Sarasvati bore Antinara a son named Trasnu, and Trasnu fathered his son Ilila by Kalindi. (KUMB: 1-63-28)
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इलिलस्तु रथन्तर्यां दुष्यन्तादीन्पञ्च पुत्रानजीजनत् ॥KUMB: १-६३-२९॥
Ilila fathered five sons, beginning with Dushyanta, by Rathantari. (KUMB: 1-63-29)
[PV-SVO:01_005_173]
दुष्यन्तस्तु लाक्षीं नाम भागीरथीमुपयेमे तस्यामस्य जज्ञे जनमेजयः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३०॥
Duhshanta married Lakshi, the daughter of Bhagiratha, and she bore him Janamejaya. (KUMB: 1-63-30)
[PV-SVO:01_005_174]
सएव दुष्यन्तो विश्वामित्रदुहितरं शकुन्तलां नामोपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे भरतः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३१॥
That same Duṣyanta married Śakuntalā, the daughter of Viśvāmitra. By her he fathered Bharata. (KUMB: 1-63-31)
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तत्रेमौ श्लोकौ भवतः । माता भस्त्रा पितुः पुत्रो यस्माज्जातः स एव सः । भरस्व पुत्रं दौष्यन्तिं सत्यमाह शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-६३-३२॥
On this subject there are these two verses: “The mother is a vessel; the son belongs to the father. He is the very man from whom he was born. Care for your son, Duṣyanta’s offspring.” Shakuntala spoke the truth. (KUMB: 1-63-32)
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रेतोधाः पुत्र उन्नयति नरदेव यमक्षयात् । त्वं चास्य धाता गर्भस्य सत्यमाह शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-६३-३३॥
A son who bears his father’s seed raises him from Yama’s abode, O king. You are also the begetter of this child in the womb. Shakuntala speaks the truth. (KUMB: 1-63-33)
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ततोऽस्य भरतत्वम् । भरतस्तु खलु काशेयीं सार्वसेनीमुपयेमे सुनन्दां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे भुमन्युः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३४॥
Thus he became Bharata. Bharata married Sunanda, the daughter of Sarvasena and a princess of Kashi. She bore him Bhumanyu. (KUMB: 1-63-34)
[PV-SVO:01_005_178]
भुमन्युस्तु खलु दाशार्हीमुपयेमे सुवर्णां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे सुहोत्रः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३५॥
Bhumanyu married Suvarṇa, a princess of the Daśārha line. She bore him a son, Suhotra. (KUMB: 1-63-35)
[PV-SVO:01_005_179]
सुहोत्रस्तु खल्वैक्ष्वाकीमुपयेमे जयन्तीं नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे हस्ती । य इदं पुरं निर्मापयामास ॥KUMB: १-६३-३६॥
Suhotra married an Ikshvaku princess named Jayanti. By her he had a son, Hasti, who caused this city to be built. (KUMB: 1-63-36)
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तस्माद्धास्तिनपुरत्वम् । हस्ती खलु त्रैगर्तीमुपयेमे यशोदां नाम तस्यामस्य जज्ञे विकुञ्जतः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३७॥
Hence the city was called Hastinapura. Hasti married a woman of Trigarta named Yashoda, and she bore him Vikunjata. (KUMB: 1-63-37)
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विकुञ्जनस्तु खलु दाशार्हीमुपयेमे सुन्दरां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽजमीढः ॥KUMB: १-६३-३८॥
Vikuñjana married a Dāśārha woman named Sundarā. By her he fathered Ajamīḍha. (KUMB: 1-63-38)
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अजमीढस्य तु चतुर्विंशतिपुत्रशतं बभूव । कैकय्यां नागायां गान्धार्यां विमलायामृक्षायामिति ॥KUMB: १-६३-३९॥
Ajamidha had twenty-four hundred sons by Kaikayi, Naga, Gandhari, Vimala, and Riksha. (KUMB: 1-63-39)
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पृथग्वंशकर्तारो नृपतयः । तत्र अजमीढादृक्षायां संवरणो जज्ञे स वंशकरः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४०॥
Those kings each founded a separate lineage. Among them, Saṃvaraṇa was born to Ajamīḍha by Ṛkṣā, and he continued the lineage. (KUMB: 1-63-40)
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सवरणस्तु वैवस्वतीं तपतीं नामोपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे कुरुः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४१॥
Saṃvaraṇa married Vivasvat’s daughter, Tapatī. By her he had a son, Kuru. (KUMB: 1-63-41)
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कुरुस्तु खलु दाशार्हीमुपयेमे शुभाङ्गीं नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे विदूरथः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४२॥
Kuru married the Dāśārha princess named Śubhāṅgī. By her he had a son, Vidūratha. (KUMB: 1-63-42)
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विदूरथस्तु खलु मागधीमुपयेमे संप्रियां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञेऽनश्वान् ॥KUMB: १-६३-४३॥
Vidūratha married a Magadha princess named Saṃpriyā. She bore him Anaśvan. (KUMB: 1-63-43)
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अनश्वांस्तु खलु मागधीमुपयेमेऽमृतां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे परिक्षित् ॥KUMB: १-६३-४४॥
Anashvan married a Magadhan woman named Amrita. By her he fathered Parikshit. (KUMB: 1-63-44)
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परिक्षित्खलु बाहुकामुपयेमे सुवेषां नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे भीमसेनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४५॥
Parikshit married a Bāhuka woman named Suveṣā. By her he had a son, Bhīmasena. (KUMB: 1-63-45)
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भीमसेनस्तु खलु कैकयीमुपयेमे सुकुमारीं नाम । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे परिश्रवाः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४६॥
Bhimasena married the Kekaya princess named Sukumari. By her he had a son, Parishravas. (KUMB: 1-63-46)
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यमाहुः प्रतीप इति । प्रतीपस्तु खलु शैब्यामुपयेमे सुनन्दीं नाम । तस्यां त्रीन्पुत्रानुत्पादयामास देवापिं शन्तनुं बाह्लीकं चेति ॥KUMB: १-६३-४७॥
whom they called Pratīpa. Pratīpa married Śaibyā, named Sunandā, and fathered three sons by her: Devāpi, Śantanu, and Bāhlīka. (KUMB: 1-63-47)
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देवापिस्तु खलु बाल एवारण्यं प्रविवेश । शन्तनुस्तु महीपालोऽभवत् ॥KUMB: १-६३-४८॥
Devapi entered the forest while still a child, while Shantanu became king. (KUMB: 1-63-48)
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तत्र श्लोको भवति । यं यं कराभ्यां स्पृशति जीर्णं स सुखमश्नुते । पुनर्युवा च भवति तस्मात्तं शन्तनुं विदुः ॥KUMB: १-६३-४९॥
There is a verse about this: “Whomever he touches with his hands, though aged, attains well-being and becomes young again; therefore they know him as Shantanu.” (KUMB: 1-63-49)
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तदस्य शन्तनुत्वं । शन्तनुस्तु खलु गङ्गां भागीरथीमुपयेमे तस्यामस्य जज्ञे देवव्रतः । यमाहुर्भीष्म इति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५०॥
That is why he was called Shantanu. Shantanu married Ganga, the daughter of Bhagiratha, and she bore him Devavrata, who is known as Bhishma. (KUMB: 1-63-50)
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भीष्मस्तु खलु पितुः प्रियचिकीर्षया सत्यवतीमानयामास मातरं । यामाहुः कालीति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५१॥
Bhishma, wishing to please his father, brought him Satyavati as his wife, she who is called Kali. (KUMB: 1-63-51)
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तस्यां पूर्वं पुराशरात्कन्यागर्भो द्वैपायनः । तस्यामेव शन्तनोर्द्वौ पुत्रौ बभूवतुः चित्राङ्गदो विचित्रवीर्यश्च ॥KUMB: १-६३-५२॥
Earlier, Dvaipayana was born to her by Parashara while she was still a maiden. Shantanu had two sons by that same woman: Chitrangada and Vichitravirya. (KUMB: 1-63-52)
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चित्राङ्गदस्तु प्राप्तराज्य एव गन्धर्वेण निहृतः । ततो विचित्रवीर्यो राजा बभूव ॥KUMB: १-६३-५३॥
But Chitrangada was killed by a Gandharva just after he had ascended the throne. Vichitravirya then became king. (KUMB: 1-63-53)
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विचित्रवीर्यस्तु खलुकाशिराजस्य सुते अम्बिकाम्बालिके उदवहत् । विचित्रवीर्योऽनुत्पन्नापत्य एव विदेहत्वं प्राप्तः ॥KUMB: १-६३-५४॥
Vichitravirya married Ambika and Ambalika, the daughters of the king of Kashi. He died without having fathered any children. (KUMB: 1-63-54)
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ततः सत्यवती चिन्तयामास कथं नु खलु शन्तनोः पिण्डविच्छेदो न स्यादिति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५५॥
Then Satyavati pondered how Shantanu’s line might not die out. (KUMB: 1-63-55)
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साथ द्वैपायनं चिन्तयामास सोऽग्रतः स्थितः किं करवाणीति । तं सत्यवत्युवाच भ्राता तेऽनपत्य एव स्वर्गतः तस्यार्थेऽपत्यमुत्पादयेति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५६॥
She then thought of Dvaipayana, and he appeared before her, saying, “What shall I do?” Satyavati said to him, “Your brother has gone to heaven childless. Beget offspring on his behalf.” (KUMB: 1-63-56)
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स परमित्युवाच स तत्र त्रीन्पुत्रानुत्पादयामास धृतराष्ट्रं पाण्डुं विदुरं चेति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५७॥
He replied, “Very well,” and fathered three sons there: Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and Vidura. (KUMB: 1-63-57)
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धृतराष्ट्रात्पुत्रशतं बभूव गान्धार्यां वरदानाद्द्वैपायनस्य तेषां च धार्तराष्ट्राणां चत्वारः प्रधानाः दुर्योधनो दुश्शासनो विकर्णश्चित्रसेनश्चेति ॥KUMB: १-६३-५८॥
By the boon of Dvaipayana, Gandhari bore Dhritarashtra a hundred sons. Four of those sons of Dhritarashtra were foremost: Duryodhana, Duhshasana, Vikarna, and Chitrasena. (KUMB: 1-63-58)
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पाण्डोस्तु कुन्ती माद्रीति स्त्रीरत्ने बभूवतुः । स मृगयां चरन्मैथुनगतमृषिं मृगचारिणं बाणेन जघान ॥KUMB: १-६३-५९॥
Pandu had two jewels among women, Kunti and Madri. While hunting, he shot with an arrow a sage who had taken the form of a deer and was engaged in intercourse. (KUMB: 1-63-59)
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स बाणविद्ध उवाच पाण्डुम् । अत्र श्लोको भवति ॥KUMB: १-६३-६०॥
Pierced by the arrow, he said to Pandu—on this there is a verse: (KUMB: 1-63-60)
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योऽकृतार्थं हि मां ग्रूर बाणेनाघ्ना मृगव्रतम् । त्वामप्येतादृशो भावः क्षिप्रमेवागमिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-६३-६१॥
Cruel man, because you killed me with an arrow before I had fulfilled my purpose, while I was living as a deer, a similar fate will very soon befall you too. (KUMB: 1-63-61)
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इति मृगव्रतचारिणा ऋषिणा शप्तः । स विषण्णरूपः पाण्डुस्तं शापं परिहरन्नोपसर्पति भार्ये ॥KUMB: १-६३-६२॥
Thus cursed by the sage who lived as a deer, Pandu became dejected and, seeking to avoid the consequences of the curse, did not approach his wives. (KUMB: 1-63-62)
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कदाचित्स आह । स्वचापल्यादिदं प्राप्तवानहम् । पुराणेषु पठ्यमानं शृणोमि नानपत्यस्य लोकाः सन्तीति ॥KUMB: १-६३-६३॥
Once he said, “Through my own rashness I have come to this. I hear it said in the Puranas that there are no worlds for a man without offspring.” (KUMB: 1-63-63)
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सा त्वं मदर्थे पुत्रानुत्पादयेति कुन्तीमुवाच ॥KUMB: १-६३-६४॥
He said to Kunti, “So, for my sake, bear sons.” (KUMB: 1-63-64)
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सा कुन्ती पुत्रानुत्पादयामास धर्माद्युधिष्ठिरं मारुताद्भीमसेनमिन्द्रादर्जुनमिति । स हृष्टरूपः पाण्डुरुवाच । इयं ते सपत्नी भवति माद्र्यनपत्या व्रीडिता साध्वी अस्यामपत्यमुत्पाद्यतामिति ॥KUMB: १-६३-६५॥
Kunti then bore sons: Yudhishthira by Dharma, Bhimasena by Marut, and Arjuna by Indra. Delighted, Pandu said, “Your co-wife Madri is childless and ashamed, though virtuous. Let offspring be begotten upon her.” (KUMB: 1-63-65)
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सा कुन्ती तस्यै माद्र्यै तथेति व्रतमादिदेश । ततस्तस्यां नकुलसहदेवौ यमावश्विभ्यां जज्ञाते ॥KUMB: १-६३-६६॥
Kunti agreed and instructed Madri in the observance. Then the twins Nakula and Sahadeva were born to her by the Ashvins. (KUMB: 1-63-66)
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माद्रीं तु खलु स्वलङ्कृतां दृष्ट्वा पाण्डुर्भावं चक्रे । स तां प्राप्यैव विदेहत्वं प्राप्तः ॥KUMB: १-६३-६७॥
But when Pāṇḍu saw Mādrī beautifully adorned, he was overcome with desire. The moment he joined with her, he died. (KUMB: 1-63-67)
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ततस्तेन सह चितामन्वारुरोह माद्री । कुन्तीं चोवाच यमयोरार्ययाऽप्रमत्तया भवितव्यमिति ॥KUMB: १-६३-६८॥
Then Madri mounted the funeral pyre with him and said to Kunti, “You must take diligent care of the twins, noble lady.” (KUMB: 1-63-68)
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ततः पञ्चपाण्डवान्सह कुन्त्या हास्तिनपुरं नयन्ति स्म तपस्विनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-६९॥
Then the ascetics took the five Pandavas and Kunti to Hastinapura. (KUMB: 1-63-69)
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तत्र भीष्माय धृतराष्ट्रविदुरयोः पाण्डोः स्वर्गगमनं याथातथ्यं निवेदयन्तिस्म तपस्विनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-७०॥
There the ascetics gave Bhishma, Dhritarashtra, and Vidura a faithful account of Pandu’s ascent to heaven. (KUMB: 1-63-70)
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पाण्डवान्सह कुन्त्या जतुगृहे दाहयितुकामो धृतराष्ट्रात्मजोऽभूत् ॥KUMB: १-६३-७१॥
Dhritarashtra’s son sought to burn the Pandavas together with Kunti in the house of lac. (KUMB: 1-63-71)
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तांश्च विदुरो मोक्षयामास । ततो भीमो हिडिम्बं हत्वा पुत्रमुत्पादयामास हिडिम्बायां घटोत्कचं नाम ॥KUMB: १-६३-७२॥
Vidura rescued them. Then Bhima slew Hidimba and fathered a son by Hidimba named Ghatotkacha. (KUMB: 1-63-72)
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ततश्चैकचक्रां जग्मुः कुशलिनः । ततः पाञ्चालविषयं गत्वा स्वयंवरे द्रौपदीं लब्ध्वाऽर्धराज्यं प्राप्येन्द्रप्रस्थनिवासिनस्तस्यां पुत्रानुत्पादयामासुर्द्रौपद्याम् ॥KUMB: १-६३-७३॥
Then they reached Ekachakra safe and well. From there they went to the land of Panchala, won Draupadi at her svayamvara, received half the kingdom, and, while living in Indraprastha, fathered sons by her: (KUMB: 1-63-73)
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प्रतिविन्ध्यां युधिष्ठिरः । सुतसोमं वृकोदरः । श्रुतकीर्तिमर्जुनः । शतानीकं नकुलः । श्रुतसेनं सहदेव इति ॥KUMB: १-६३-७४॥
Yudhishthira fathered Prativindhya; Vrikodara, Sutasoma; Arjuna, Shrutakirti; Nakula, Shatanika; and Sahadeva, Shrutasena. (KUMB: 1-63-74)
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शैव्यस्य कन्यां देवकीं नामोपयेमे युधिष्ठिरः । तस्यां पुत्रं जनयामास यौधेयं नाम ॥KUMB: १-६३-७५॥
Yudhishthira married Devaki, the daughter of the king of the Shibis, and fathered by her a son named Yaudheya. (KUMB: 1-63-75)
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भीमसेनस्तु वाराणस्यां काशिराजकन्यां जलन्धरां नामोपयेमे स्वयंवरस्थां । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे शर्वत्रातः ॥KUMB: १-६३-७६॥
Bhimasena married Jalandhara, the daughter of the king of Kashi, at her svayamvara in Varanasi. She bore him Sharvatrata. (KUMB: 1-63-76)
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अर्जुनस्तु खलु द्वारवतीं गत्वा भगवतो वासुदेवस्य भगिनीं सुभद्रां नामोदवहद्भार्यां । तस्यामभिमन्युं नाम पुत्रं जनयामास ॥KUMB: १-६३-७७॥
Arjuna went to Dvaravati and married Subhadra, the sister of the blessed Vasudeva. By her he fathered a son named Abhimanyu. (KUMB: 1-63-77)
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नकुलस्तु खलु चैद्यां रेणुमतीं नामोदवहत् । तस्यां पुत्रं जनयामास निरमित्रं नाम ॥KUMB: १-६३-७८॥
Nakula married a Cedi princess named Reṇumatī. By her he fathered a son named Niramitra. (KUMB: 1-63-78)
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सहदेवस्तु खलु माद्रीमेव स्वयंवरे विजयां नामोदवहद्भार्याम् । तस्यां पुत्रं जनयामास सुहोत्रं नाम ॥KUMB: १-६३-७९॥
At her svayaṃvara, Sahadeva married Mādrī’s daughter Vijayā as his wife. By her he fathered a son named Suhotra. (KUMB: 1-63-79)
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भीमसेनश्च पूर्वमेव हिडिम्बायां राक्षस्यां पुत्रमुत्पादयामास घटोत्कचं नाम । अर्जुनस्तु नागकन्यायामुलूप्यामिरावन्तं नाम पुत्रं जनयामास ॥KUMB: १-६३-८०॥
Bhimasena had earlier fathered a son named Ghatotkacha by the Rakshasa woman Hidimba. Arjuna fathered a son named Iravant by the Naga princess Ulupi. (KUMB: 1-63-80)
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ततो मणलूरुपतिकन्यायां चित्राङ्गदायामर्जुनः पुत्रमुत्पादयामास बभ्रुवाहनं नाम । एते त्रयोदश पुत्राः पाण्डवानाम् ॥KUMB: १-६३-८१॥
Then Arjuna fathered a son named Babhruvahana by Chitrangada, the daughter of the king of Manalura. These were the thirteen sons of the Pandavas. (KUMB: 1-63-81)
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विराटस्य दुहितरमुत्तरां नामाभिमन्युरुपेयेमे । तस्यामस्य परासुर्गर्भोऽजायत ॥KUMB: १-६३-८२॥
Abhimanyu married Virata’s daughter, named Uttara. In her, a lifeless fetus of his came into being. (KUMB: 1-63-82)
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तमुत्सङ्गे प्रतिजग्राह पृथा नियोगात्पुरुषोत्तमस्य । षाण्मासिकं गर्भमहं जीवयामि पादस्पर्शादिति वासुदेव उवाच ॥KUMB: १-६३-८३॥
At Purushottama’s command, Pritha took him into her lap. Vasudeva said, “I will revive this six-month-old fetus with the touch of my foot.” (KUMB: 1-63-83)
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अहं जीवयामि कुमारमनन्तवीर्यं जात एवायमजायत । अभिमन्योः सत्येन चेयं पृथिवी धारयत्विति वासुदेवस्य पादस्पर्शात्सजीवोऽजायत । नाम तस्याकरोत्सुभद्रा ॥KUMB: १-६३-८४॥
“I shall restore this boy of boundless valor to life. He was indeed born of Abhimanyu; by this truth, may the earth sustain him.” At the touch of Vasudeva’s foot, he came to life, and Subhadra gave him his name. (KUMB: 1-63-84)
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परिक्षीणे कुले जात उत्तरायां परंतपः । परिक्षिदभवत्तस्मात्सौभद्रात्तु यशस्विनः ॥KUMB: १-६३-८५॥
Born to Uttara by the illustrious son of Subhadra when the family line had been depleted, that scorcher of foes was therefore named Parikshit. (KUMB: 1-63-85)
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परीक्षित्तु खलु भद्रवतीं नामोपयेमे । तस्यां तत्र भवाञ्जनमेजयः ॥KUMB: १-६३-८६॥
Parikshit married a woman named Bhadravati, and you, Janamejaya, were born to her. (KUMB: 1-63-86)
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जनमेजयात्तु भवतः खलु वपुष्टमायां पुत्रौ द्वौ शतानीकः शङ्कुकर्णश्च ॥KUMB: १-६३-८७॥
You, Janamejaya, had two sons by Vapushṭamā: Śatānīka and Śaṅkukarṇa. (KUMB: 1-63-87)
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शतानीकस्तु खलु वैदेहीमुपयेमे । तस्यामस्य जज्ञे पुत्रोऽश्वमेधदत्तः ॥KUMB: १-६३-८८॥
Shatanika married the princess of Videha, and she bore him a son named Ashvamedhadatta. (KUMB: 1-63-88)
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इत्येष पूरोर्वंशस्तु पाण्डवानां च कीर्तितः । पूरोर्वंशमिमं श्रुत्वा सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥KUMB: १-६३-८९॥
Thus the lineage of Puru and of the Pandavas has been recounted. Whoever hears this lineage of Puru is freed from all sins. (KUMB: 1-63-89)
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