Incredible Wisdom of Bharat!

Chapter 7: Divine and demonic descents, creation genealogies, and their births among the principal Mahābhārata figures.

य एते कीर्तिता ब्रह्मन्ये चान्ये नानुकीर्तिताः। सम्यक्ताञ्श्रोतुमिच्छामि राज्ञश्चान्यान्सुवर्चसः॥BORI: १-५८-१॥

O Brahmin, I wish to hear a full account of those who have been named, those others who have not been mentioned, and the other illustrious kings. (BORI: 1-58-1)

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यदर्थमिह सम्भूता देवकल्पा महारथाः। भुवि तन्मे महाभाग सम्यगाख्यातुमर्हसि॥BORI: १-५८-२॥

Blessed one, please tell me fully why these godlike great chariot-warriors were born here on earth. (BORI: 1-58-2)

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रहस्यं खल्विदं राजन्देवानामिति नः श्रुतम्। तत्तु ते कथयिष्यामि नमस्कृत्वा स्वयम्भुवे॥BORI: १-५८-३॥

We have heard, O king, that this is indeed a secret of the gods. But I shall tell it to you after paying homage to the Self-born One. (BORI: 1-58-3)

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त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः पृथिवीं कृत्वा निःक्षत्रियां पुरा। जामदग्न्यस्तपस्तेपे महेन्द्रे पर्वतोत्तमे॥BORI: १-५८-४॥

Long ago, after making the earth devoid of Kshatriyas twenty-one times, the son of Jamadagni practiced austerities on the great Mount Mahendra. (BORI: 1-58-4)

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तदा निःक्षत्रिये लोके भार्गवेण कृते सति। ब्राह्मणान्क्षत्रिया राजन्गर्भार्थिन्योऽभिचक्रमुः॥BORI: १-५८-५॥

Then, when Bhargava had made the world devoid of Kshatriyas, O king, Kshatriya women seeking to conceive approached the Brahmins. (BORI: 1-58-5)

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ताभिः सह समापेतुर्ब्राह्मणाः संशितव्रताः। ऋतावृतौ नरव्याघ्र न कामान्नानृतौ तथा॥BORI: १-५८-६॥

The Brahmins, firm in their vows, united with those women during each fertile period, O tiger among men—not out of lust, nor at any other time. (BORI: 1-58-6)

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तेभ्यस्तु लेभिरे गर्भान्क्षत्रियास्ताः सहस्रशः। ततः सुषुविरे राजन्क्षत्रियान्वीर्यसंमतान् । कुमारांश्च कुमारीश्च पुनः क्षत्राभिवृद्धये॥BORI: १-५८-७॥

Those Kshatriya women conceived thousands of children by them. Then, O king, they gave birth to sons and daughters esteemed for their valor, so that the Kshatriya order might flourish again. (BORI: 1-58-7)

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एवं तद्ब्राह्मणैः क्षत्रं क्षत्रियासु तपस्विभिः। जातमृध्यत धर्मेण सुदीर्घेणायुषान्वितम् । चत्वारोऽपि तदा वर्णा बभूवुर्ब्राह्मणोत्तराः॥BORI: १-५८-८॥

Thus the Kshatriya order, begotten on Kshatriya women by ascetic Brahmins, flourished in righteousness and was endowed with great longevity. At that time all four classes acknowledged the Brahmins as foremost. (BORI: 1-58-8)

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अभ्यगच्छन्नृतौ नारीं न कामान्नानृतौ तथा। तथैवान्यानि भूतानि तिर्यग्योनिगतान्यपि । ऋतौ दारांश्च गच्छन्ति तदा स्म भरतर्षभ॥BORI: १-५८-९॥

They had intercourse with women during their fertile periods, not out of lust or at other times. Likewise, at that time even creatures born as animals went to their mates only in season, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-58-9)

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ततोऽवर्धन्त धर्मेण सहस्रशतजीविनः। ताः प्रजाः पृथिवीपाल धर्मव्रतपरायणाः । आधिभिर्व्याधिभिश्चैव विमुक्ताः सर्वशो नराः॥BORI: १-५८-१०॥

Then those people flourished through righteousness, O protector of the earth. The men lived for a hundred thousand years, were devoted to the observance of dharma, and were wholly free from mental and physical ailments. (BORI: 1-58-10)

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अथेमां सागरापाङ्गां गां गजेन्द्रगताखिलाम्। अध्यतिष्ठत्पुनः क्षत्रं सशैलवनकाननाम्॥BORI: १-५८-११॥

Then the Kshatriya order once again ruled this earth, bounded by the ocean, traversed throughout by mighty elephants, and covered with mountains, woods, and forests. (BORI: 1-58-11)

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प्रशासति पुनः क्षत्रे धर्मेणेमां वसुन्धराम्। ब्राह्मणाद्यास्तदा वर्णा लेभिरे मुदमुत्तमाम्॥BORI: १-५८-१२॥

When the Kshatriyas once again ruled this earth according to dharma, the social classes, beginning with the Brahmins, attained supreme joy. (BORI: 1-58-12)

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कामक्रोधोद्भवान्दोषान्निरस्य च नराधिपाः। दण्डं दण्ड्येषु धर्मेण प्रणयन्तोऽन्वपालयन्॥BORI: १-५८-१३॥

The kings cast off the faults born of desire and anger and protected their subjects by justly punishing those who deserved punishment. (BORI: 1-58-13)

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तथा धर्मपरे क्षत्रे सहस्राक्षः शतक्रतुः। स्वादु देशे च काले च ववर्षाप्याययन्प्रजाः॥BORI: १-५८-१४॥

Thus, when the warrior order was devoted to righteousness, the thousand-eyed performer of a hundred sacrifices sent down sweet rain in the proper places and at the proper times, nourishing the people. (BORI: 1-58-14)

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न बाल एव म्रियते तदा कश्चिन्नराधिप। न च स्त्रियं प्रजानाति कश्चिदप्राप्तयौवनः॥BORI: १-५८-१५॥

At that time, O king, no one died in childhood, nor did anyone know a woman before reaching maturity. (BORI: 1-58-15)

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एवमायुष्मतीभिस्तु प्रजाभिर्भरतर्षभ। इयं सागरपर्यन्ता समापूर्यत मेदिनी॥BORI: १-५८-१६॥

Thus, O bull of the Bharatas, the earth extending to the ocean was filled with long-lived people. (BORI: 1-58-16)

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ईजिरे च महायज्ञैः क्षत्रिया बहुदक्षिणैः। साङ्गोपनिषदान्वेदान्विप्राश्चाधीयते तदा॥BORI: १-५८-१७॥

The Kshatriyas performed great sacrifices with abundant gifts, and the Brahmins then studied the Vedas, together with their ancillary disciplines and Upanishads. (BORI: 1-58-17)

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न च विक्रीणते ब्रह्म ब्राह्मणाः स्म तदा नृप। न च शूद्रसमाभ्याशे वेदानुच्चारयन्त्युत॥BORI: १-५८-१८॥

At that time, O king, the Brahmins did not sell sacred knowledge, nor did they recite the Vedas in the presence of Shudras. (BORI: 1-58-18)

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कारयन्तः कृषिं गोभिस्तथा वैश्याः क्षिताविह। न गामयुञ्जन्त धुरि कृशाङ्गाश्चाप्यजीवयन्॥BORI: १-५८-१९॥

Likewise, the Vaishyas here on earth had their fields cultivated by oxen. They did not yoke a cow to the plough, and even when they themselves were emaciated, they kept her alive. (BORI: 1-58-19)

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फेनपांश्च तथा वत्सान्न दुहन्ति स्म मानवाः। न कूटमानैर्वणिजः पण्यं विक्रीणते तदा॥BORI: १-५८-२०॥

People did not milk cows so that their calves were left to drink only the froth, nor did merchants then sell their goods using false measures. (BORI: 1-58-20)

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कर्माणि च नरव्याघ्र धर्मोपेतानि मानवाः। धर्ममेवानुपश्यन्तश्चक्रुर्धर्मपरायणाः॥BORI: १-५८-२१॥

O tiger among men, people devoted to righteousness performed righteous deeds, looking only to righteousness. (BORI: 1-58-21)

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स्वकर्मनिरताश्चासन्सर्वे वर्णा नराधिप। एवं तदा नरव्याघ्र धर्मो न ह्रसते क्वचित्॥BORI: १-५८-२२॥

All the social classes were devoted to their own duties, O king. Thus, at that time, O tiger among men, righteousness never declined. (BORI: 1-58-22)

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काले गावः प्रसूयन्ते नार्यश्च भरतर्षभ। फलन्त्यृतुषु वृक्षाश्च पुष्पाणि च फलानि च॥BORI: १-५८-२३॥

Cows calved at the proper time, as did women, O best of the Bharatas; trees bore flowers and fruit in their due seasons. (BORI: 1-58-23)

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एवं कृतयुगे सम्यग्वर्तमाने तदा नृप। आपूर्यत मही कृत्स्ना प्राणिभिर्बहुभिर्भृशम्॥BORI: १-५८-२४॥

Thus, O king, while the age of Kṛta was proceeding in perfect order, the entire earth became densely populated with many living beings. (BORI: 1-58-24)

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ततः समुदिते लोके मानुषे भरतर्षभ। असुरा जज्ञिरे क्षेत्रे राज्ञां मनुजपुङ्गव॥BORI: १-५८-२५॥

Then, when the human world had become populous, O bull of Bharata’s line, the Asuras were born into the royal houses, O best of men. (BORI: 1-58-25)

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आदित्यैर्हि तदा दैत्या बहुशो निर्जिता युधि। ऐश्वर्याद्भ्रंशिताश्चापि सम्बभूवुः क्षिताविह॥BORI: १-५८-२६॥

For at that time the Daityas, repeatedly defeated in battle by the Adityas and deprived of their sovereignty, were born here on earth. (BORI: 1-58-26)

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इह देवत्वमिच्छन्तो मानुषेषु मनस्विनः। जज्ञिरे भुवि भूतेषु तेषु तेष्वसुरा विभो॥BORI: १-५८-२७॥

Desiring divine status here among humans, the proud Asuras were born on earth among creatures of many different kinds, O mighty one. (BORI: 1-58-27)

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गोष्वश्वेषु च राजेन्द्र खरोष्ट्रमहिषेषु च। क्रव्यादेषु च भूतेषु गजेषु च मृगेषु च॥BORI: १-५८-२८॥

among cattle and horses, O king of kings, among donkeys, camels, and buffaloes, among beasts of prey, elephants, and wild animals... (BORI: 1-58-28)

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जातैरिह महीपाल जायमानैश्च तैर्मही। न शशाकात्मनात्मानमियं धारयितुं धरा॥BORI: १-५८-२९॥

With those who had been born here and those who were being born, O king, this earth was unable to support herself unaided. (BORI: 1-58-29)

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अथ जाता महीपालाः केचिद्बलसमन्विताः। दितेः पुत्रा दनोश्चैव तस्माल्लोकादिह च्युताः॥BORI: १-५८-३०॥

Then some mighty kings were born here—the sons of Diti and Danu, who had fallen from that world. (BORI: 1-58-30)

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वीर्यवन्तोऽवलिप्तास्ते नानारूपधरा महीम्। इमां सागरपर्यन्तां परीयुररिमर्दनाः॥BORI: १-५८-३१॥

Powerful and arrogant, those destroyers of their foes assumed various forms and roamed this earth, bounded by the ocean. (BORI: 1-58-31)

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ब्राह्मणान्क्षत्रियान्वैश्याञ्शूद्रांश्चैवाप्यपीडयन्। अन्यानि चैव भूतानि पीडयामासुरोजसा॥BORI: १-५८-३२॥

They oppressed Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras, and by their might they also afflicted other beings. (BORI: 1-58-32)

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त्रासयन्तो विनिघ्नन्तस्तांस्तान्भूतगणांश्च ते। विचेरुः सर्वतो राजन्महीं शतसहस्रशः॥BORI: १-५८-३३॥

They roamed all over the earth, O king, in hundreds of thousands, terrifying and slaughtering one group of creatures after another. (BORI: 1-58-33)

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आश्रमस्थान्महर्षींश्च धर्षयन्तस्ततस्ततः। अब्रह्मण्या वीर्यमदा मत्ता मदबलेन च॥BORI: १-५८-३४॥

Hostile to Brahmins, arrogant in their prowess, and maddened by the force of pride, they harassed great seers in hermitages here and there... (BORI: 1-58-34)

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एवं वीर्यबलोत्सिक्तैर्भूरियं तैर्महासुरैः। पीड्यमाना महीपाल ब्रह्माणमुपचक्रमे॥BORI: १-५८-३५॥

Thus oppressed by those great Asuras, swollen with pride in their strength and valor, the earth approached Brahmā, O king. (BORI: 1-58-35)

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न हीमां पवनो राजन्न नागा न नगा महीम्। तदा धारयितुं शेकुराक्रान्तां दानवैर्बलात्॥BORI: १-५८-३६॥

For neither the wind, O king, nor the serpents nor the mountains could then support the earth, overrun by the Dānavas through force. (BORI: 1-58-36)

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ततो मही महीपाल भारार्ता भयपीडिता। जगाम शरणं देवं सर्वभूतपितामहम्॥BORI: १-५८-३७॥

Then, O protector of the earth, the earth, burdened and oppressed by fear, sought refuge with the god who is the grandsire of all beings. (BORI: 1-58-37)

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सा संवृतं महाभागैर्देवद्विजमहर्षिभिः। ददर्श देवं ब्रह्माणं लोककर्तारमव्ययम्॥BORI: १-५८-३८॥

She saw the imperishable god Brahmā, creator of the worlds, surrounded by illustrious gods, brahmins, and great seers. (BORI: 1-58-38)

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गन्धर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च बन्दिकर्मसु निष्ठितैः। वन्द्यमानं मुदोपेतैर्ववन्दे चैनमेत्य सा॥BORI: १-५८-३९॥

As Gandharvas and Apsarases, joyfully engaged in offering praise, extolled him, she approached and bowed to him. (BORI: 1-58-39)

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अथ विज्ञापयामास भूमिस्तं शरणार्थिनी। संनिधौ लोकपालानां सर्वेषामेव भारत॥BORI: १-५८-४०॥

Then Earth, seeking refuge, made her plea to him in the presence of all the guardians of the worlds, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-58-40)

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तत्प्रधानात्मनस्तस्य भूमेः कृत्यं स्वयम्भुवः। पूर्वमेवाभवद्राजन्विदितं परमेष्ठिनः॥BORI: १-५८-४१॥

O king, Earth’s concern was already known to that Supreme Spirit, the self-born Parameshthin. (BORI: 1-58-41)

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स्रष्टा हि जगतः कस्मान्न सम्बुध्येत भारत। सुरासुराणां लोकानामशेषेण मनोगतम्॥BORI: १-५८-४२॥

For why, O descendant of Bharata, should the creator of the universe not fully comprehend the thoughts of the gods, the asuras, and the inhabitants of all the worlds? (BORI: 1-58-42)

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तमुवाच महाराज भूमिं भूमिपतिर्विभुः। प्रभवः सर्वभूतानामीशः शम्भुः प्रजापतिः॥BORI: १-५८-४३॥

O great king, the mighty Lord of the Earth—the source of all beings, the sovereign Shambhu, Prajapati—said to Earth: (BORI: 1-58-43)

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यदर्थमसि सम्प्राप्ता मत्सकाशं वसुन्धरे। तदर्थं संनियोक्ष्यामि सर्वानेव दिवौकसः॥BORI: १-५८-४४॥

Earth, for the purpose that has brought you into my presence, I shall appoint all the gods. (BORI: 1-58-44)

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इत्युक्त्वा स महीं देवो ब्रह्मा राजन्विसृज्य च। आदिदेश तदा सर्वान्विबुधान्भूतकृत्स्वयम्॥BORI: १-५८-४५॥

Having said this and dismissed the Earth, O king, the god Brahma, creator of beings, then personally commanded all the gods… (BORI: 1-58-45)

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अस्या भूमेर्निरसितुं भारं भागैः पृथक्पृथक्। अस्यामेव प्रसूयध्वं विरोधायेति चाब्रवीत्॥BORI: १-५८-४६॥

“To relieve this earth of her burden, be born upon her, each manifesting a portion of himself, to oppose them,” he said. (BORI: 1-58-46)

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तथैव च समानीय गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणान्। उवाच भगवान्सर्वानिदं वचनमुत्तमम् । स्वैरंशैः सम्प्रसूयध्वं यथेष्टं मानुषेष्विति॥BORI: १-५८-४७॥

Likewise, the Lord assembled all the hosts of Gandharvas and Apsarases and addressed them with these excellent words: “Be born among human beings as you please, each through a portion of yourself.” (BORI: 1-58-47)

[PV-OTH:01_007_47]

अथ शक्रादयः सर्वे श्रुत्वा सुरगुरोर्वचः। तथ्यमर्थ्यं च पथ्यं च तस्य ते जगृहुस्तदा॥BORI: १-५८-४८॥

Then Śakra and all the other gods, hearing the divine preceptor’s words, accepted them as true, beneficial, and salutary. (BORI: 1-58-48)

[PV-OTH:01_007_48]

अथ ते सर्वशोंऽशैः स्वैर्गन्तुं भूमिं कृतक्षणाः। नारायणममित्रघ्नं वैकुण्ठमुपचक्रमुः॥BORI: १-५८-४९॥

Then they all, ready to go down to earth in portions of themselves, approached Nārāyaṇa—Vaikuṇṭha, the slayer of foes. (BORI: 1-58-49)

[PV-OTH:01_007_49]

यः स चक्रगदापाणिः पीतवासासितप्रभः। पद्मनाभः सुरारिघ्नः पृथुचार्वञ्चितेक्षणः॥BORI: १-५८-५०॥

He who bore the discus and mace, wore yellow garments, and was dark-hued—the lotus-naveled slayer of the gods’ enemies, with broad, lovely, gently curving eyes... (BORI: 1-58-50)

[PV-OTH:01_007_50]

तं भुवः शोधनायेन्द्र उवाच पुरुषोत्तमम्। अंशेनावतरस्वेति तथेत्याह च तं हरिः॥BORI: १-५८-५१॥

For the purification of the earth, Indra said to that Supreme Person, “Descend in a partial incarnation.” Hari replied to him, “So be it.” (BORI: 1-58-51)

[PV-OTH:01_007_51]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

प्रजापतिपतिर्देवः सुरनाथो महाबलः । श्रीवत्साङ्को हृषीकेशः सर्वदैवतपूजितः ॥KUMB: १-६५-५३; NILA: ०१.०६४.०५३॥

The mighty god, lord of the Prajapatis and ruler of the gods, marked with the Shrivatsa, Hrishikesha, worshipped by all the deities… (KUMB: 1-65-53; NILA: 01.064.053)

[PV-SVO:01_007_52]

अथ नारायणेनेन्द्रश्चकार सह संविदम्। अवतर्तुं महीं स्वर्गादंशतः सहितः सुरैः॥BORI: १-५९-१॥

Then Indra made an agreement with Narayana to descend from heaven to earth in partial incarnations, together with the gods. (BORI: 1-59-1)

[PV-OTH:01_007_53]

आदिश्य च स्वयं शक्रः सर्वानेव दिवौकसः। निर्जगाम पुनस्तस्मात्क्षयान्नारायणस्य ह॥BORI: १-५९-२॥

Having personally given instructions to all the gods, Śakra then departed from Nārāyaṇa’s abode. (BORI: 1-59-2)

[PV-OTH:01_007_54]

तेऽमरारिविनाशाय सर्वलोकहिताय च। अवतेरुः क्रमेणेमां महीं स्वर्गाद्दिवौकसः॥BORI: १-५९-३॥

For the destruction of the gods’ enemies and the welfare of all the worlds, those heavenly beings descended in due succession from heaven to this earth. (BORI: 1-59-3)

[PV-OTH:01_007_55]

ततो ब्रह्मर्षिवंशेषु पार्थिवर्षिकुलेषु च। जज्ञिरे राजशार्दूल यथाकामं दिवौकसः॥BORI: १-५९-४॥

Then, O tiger among kings, the gods were born at will in lineages of Brahmarshis and in families of royal sages. (BORI: 1-59-4)

[PV-OTH:01_007_56]

दानवान्राक्षसांश्चैव गन्धर्वान्पन्नगांस्तथा। पुरुषादानि चान्यानि जघ्नुः सत्त्वान्यनेकशः॥BORI: १-५९-५॥

They repeatedly slew Dānavas, Rākṣasas, Gandharvas, serpents, and other man-eating creatures. (BORI: 1-59-5)

[PV-OTH:01_007_57]

दानवा राक्षसाश्चैव गन्धर्वाः पन्नगास्तथा। न तान्बलस्थान्बाल्येऽपि जघ्नुर्भरतसत्तम॥BORI: १-५९-६॥

The Danavas, Rakshasas, Gandharvas, and serpents did not kill them, powerful as they were even in childhood, O best of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-59-6)

[PV-OTH:01_007_58]

देवदानवसङ्घानां गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा। मानवानां च सर्वेषां तथा वै यक्षरक्षसाम्॥BORI: १-५९-७॥

Of the hosts of gods and Danavas, of Gandharvas and Apsarases, of all human beings, and likewise of Yakshas and Rakshasas... (BORI: 1-59-7)

[PV-OTH:01_007_59]

श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन सम्भवं कृत्स्नमादितः। प्राणिनां चैव सर्वेषां सर्वशः सर्वविद्ध्यसि॥BORI: १-५९-८॥

I wish to hear, accurately and in full from the beginning, of their origin and that of all living beings, for you are all-knowing in every respect. (BORI: 1-59-8)

[PV-OTH:01_007_60]

हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि नमस्कृत्वा स्वयम्भुवे। सुरादीनामहं सम्यग्लोकानां प्रभवाप्ययम्॥BORI: १-५९-९॥

Very well. Having bowed to the Self-born, I shall tell you fully of the origin and dissolution of all beings, beginning with the gods. (BORI: 1-59-9)

[PV-OTH:01_007_61]

ब्रह्मणो मानसाः पुत्रा विदिताः षण्महर्षयः। मरीचिरत्र्यङ्गिरसौ पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः॥BORI: १-५९-१०॥

The six great seers known as Brahmā’s mind-born sons were Marīci, Atri, Aṅgiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu. (BORI: 1-59-10)

[PV-OTH:01_007_62]

मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रः कश्यपात्तु इमाः प्रजाः। प्रजज्ञिरे महाभागा दक्षकन्यास्त्रयोदश॥BORI: १-५९-११॥

Marichi’s son was Kashyapa. The thirteen highly blessed daughters of Daksha had these offspring by Kashyapa. (BORI: 1-59-11)

[PV-OTH:01_007_63]

अदितिर्दितिर्दनुः काला अनायुः सिंहिका मुनिः। क्रोधा प्रावा अरिष्टा च विनता कपिला तथा॥BORI: १-५९-१२॥

Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kala, Anayu, Simhika, Muni, Krodha, Prava, Arishta, Vinata, and Kapila... (BORI: 1-59-12)

[PV-OTH:01_007_64]

कद्रूश्च मनुजव्याघ्र दक्षकन्यैव भारत। एतासां वीर्यसम्पन्नं पुत्रपौत्रमनन्तकम्॥BORI: १-५९-१३॥

Kadrū too, O tiger among men, was a daughter of Daksha, O Bharata. The mighty progeny of all these—their sons and grandsons—was endless. (BORI: 1-59-13)

[PV-OTH:01_007_65]

अदित्यां द्वादशादित्याः सम्भूता भुवनेश्वराः। ये राजन्नामतस्तांस्ते कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत॥BORI: १-५९-१४॥

From Aditi were born the twelve Ādityas, lords of the world. O king, I shall tell you their names, O Bhārata. (BORI: 1-59-14)

[PV-OTH:01_007_66]

धाता मित्रोऽर्यमा शक्रो वरुणश्चांश एव च। भगो विवस्वान्पूषा च सविता दशमस्तथा॥BORI: १-५९-१५॥

Dhātṛ, Mitra, Aryaman, Śakra, Varuṇa, and Aṃśa; Bhaga, Vivasvat, Pūṣan, and Savitṛ as the tenth; (BORI: 1-59-15)

[PV-OTH:01_007_67]

एकादशस्तथा त्वष्टा विष्णुर्द्वादश उच्यते। जघन्यजः स सर्वेषामादित्यानां गुणाधिकः॥BORI: १-५९-१६॥

Tvaṣṭṛ is named as the eleventh and Viṣṇu as the twelfth. Though the youngest-born of all the Ādityas, he surpasses them in excellence. (BORI: 1-59-16)

[PV-OTH:01_007_68]

एक एव दितेः पुत्रो हिरण्यकशिपुः स्मृतः। नाम्ना ख्यातास्तु तस्येमे पुत्राः पञ्च महात्मनः॥BORI: १-५९-१७॥

Diti is said to have had only one son, Hiranyakashipu. These five noble sons of his are renowned by name: (BORI: 1-59-17)

[PV-OTH:01_007_69]

प्रह्रादः पूर्वजस्तेषां संह्रादस्तदनन्तरम्। अनुह्रादस्तृतीयोऽभूत्तस्माच्च शिबिबाष्कलौ॥BORI: १-५९-१८॥

Prahlada was the eldest of them, Samhlada came next, and Anuhlada was the third; after him came Shibi and Bashkala. (BORI: 1-59-18)

[PV-OTH:01_007_70]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

प्रह्रादस्य त्रयः पुत्राः ख्याताः सर्वत्र भारत। विरोचनश्च कुम्भश्च निकुम्भश्चेति विश्रुताः॥BORI: १-५९-१९॥

Prahlada had three sons, renowned everywhere, O Bharata: Virochana, Kumbha, and Nikumbha. (BORI: 1-59-19)

[PV-SVO:01_007_71]

विरोचनस्य पुत्रोऽभूद्बलिरेकः प्रतापवान्। बलेश्च प्रथितः पुत्रो बाणो नाम महासुरः॥BORI: १-५९-२०॥

Virochana had one son, the mighty Bali, and Bali had a renowned son named Bana, a great Asura. (BORI: 1-59-20)

[PV-OTH:01_007_72]

चत्वारिंशद्दनोः पुत्राः ख्याताः सर्वत्र भारत। तेषां प्रथमजो राजा विप्रचित्तिर्महायशाः॥BORI: १-५९-२१॥

Danu had forty sons, renowned everywhere, O Bharata. The firstborn among them was the greatly celebrated king Vipracitti. (BORI: 1-59-21)

[PV-OTH:01_007_73]

शम्बरो नमुचिश्चैव पुलोमा चेति विश्रुतः। असिलोमा च केशी च दुर्जयश्चैव दानवः॥BORI: १-५९-२२॥

Śambara, Namuci, and one renowned as Puloman; Asiloman, Keshin, and the Danava Durjaya. (BORI: 1-59-22)

[PV-OTH:01_007_74]

अयःशिरा अश्वशिरा अयःशङ्कुश्च वीर्यवान्। तथा गगनमूर्धा च वेगवान्केतुमांश्च यः॥BORI: १-५९-२३॥

Ayaḥśiras, Aśvaśiras, and the mighty Ayaḥśaṅku, as well as Gaganamūrdhan, Vegavān, and one named Ketumān. (BORI: 1-59-23)

[PV-OTH:01_007_75]

स्वर्भानुरश्वोऽश्वपतिर्वृषपर्वाजकस्तथा। अश्वग्रीवश्च सूक्ष्मश्च तुहुण्डश्च महासुरः॥BORI: १-५९-२४॥

Svarbhanu, Ashva, Ashvapati, Vrishaparvan, and Ajaka; Ashvagriva, Sukshma, and the great Asura Tuhunda... (BORI: 1-59-24)

[PV-OTH:01_007_76]

इसृपा एकचक्रश्च विरूपाक्षो हराहरौ। निचन्द्रश्च निकुम्भश्च कुपथः कापथस्तथा॥BORI: १-५९-२५॥

Isṛpā, Ekacakra, Virūpākṣa, Hara and Ahara, Nicandra, Nikumbha, Kupatha, and Kāpatha. (BORI: 1-59-25)

[PV-OTH:01_007_77]

शरभः शलभश्चैव सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ तथा। इति ख्याता दनोर्वंशे दानवाः परिकीर्तिताः । अन्यौ तु खलु देवानां सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ स्मृतौ॥BORI: १-५९-२६॥

Śarabha and Śalabha, as well as Sūrya and Candramas—thus the renowned Danavas of Danu’s lineage have been enumerated. But the Sun and Moon of the gods are said to be two others. (BORI: 1-59-26)

[PV-OTH:01_007_78]

इमे च वंशे प्रथिताः सत्त्ववन्तो महाबलाः। दनुपुत्रा महाराज दश दानवपुङ्गवाः॥BORI: १-५९-२७॥

In this lineage, O great king, these ten mighty and powerful sons of Danu were renowned as the foremost of the Danavas: (BORI: 1-59-27)

[PV-OTH:01_007_79]

एकाक्षो मृतपा वीरः प्रलम्बनरकावपि। वातापिः शत्रुतपनः शठश्चैव महासुरः॥BORI: १-५९-२८॥

Ekaksha, the heroic Mritapa, Pralamba and Naraka, Vatapi, Shatrutapana, and Shatha, the great asura; (BORI: 1-59-28)

[PV-OTH:01_007_80]

गविष्ठश्च दनायुश्च दीर्घजिह्वश्च दानवः। असङ्ख्येयाः स्मृतास्तेषां पुत्राः पौत्राश्च भारत॥BORI: १-५९-२९॥

and Gavishtha, Danayu, and the Danava Dirghajihva. Their sons and grandsons are said to be innumerable, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-59-29)

[PV-OTH:01_007_81]

सिंहिका सुषुवे पुत्रं राहुं चन्द्रार्कमर्दनम्। सुचन्द्रं चन्द्रहन्तारं तथा चन्द्रविमर्दनम्॥BORI: १-५९-३०॥

Siṃhikā bore Rāhu, the tormentor of the moon and sun, as well as Sucandra, Candrahantṛ, and Candravimardana. (BORI: 1-59-30)

[PV-OTH:01_007_82]

क्रूरस्वभावं क्रूरायाः पुत्रपौत्रमनन्तकम्। गणः क्रोधवशो नाम क्रूरकर्मारिमर्दनः॥BORI: १-५९-३१॥

Krūrā’s endless progeny of sons and grandsons, cruel by nature, formed a host named Krodhavaśa, cruel in its deeds and crushing its foes. (BORI: 1-59-31)

[PV-OTH:01_007_83]

अनायुषः पुनः पुत्राश्चत्वारोऽसुरपुङ्गवाः। विक्षरो बलवीरौ च वृत्रश्चैव महासुरः॥BORI: १-५९-३२॥

Anāyus in turn had four sons, foremost among the Asuras: Vikṣara, Bala, Vīra, and the great Asura Vṛtra. (BORI: 1-59-32)

[PV-OTH:01_007_84]

कालायाः प्रथिताः पुत्राः कालकल्पाः प्रहारिणः। भुवि ख्याता महावीर्या दानवेषु परन्तपाः॥BORI: १-५९-३३॥

Kālā’s renowned sons—like Death itself, formidable assailants, famed on earth, immensely valiant, and tormentors of their foes among the Dānavas— (BORI: 1-59-33)

[PV-OTH:01_007_85]

विनाशनश्च क्रोधश्च हन्ता क्रोधस्य चापरः। क्रोधशत्रुस्तथैवान्यः कालेया इति विश्रुताः॥BORI: १-५९-३४॥

Vinashana, Krodha, another named Krodhahanta, and yet another, Krodhashatru, were renowned as the Kaleyas. (BORI: 1-59-34)

[PV-OTH:01_007_86]

असुराणामुपाध्यायः शुक्रस्त्वृषिसुतोऽभवत्। ख्याताश्चोशनसः पुत्राश्चत्वारोऽसुरयाजकाः॥BORI: १-५९-३५॥

Śukra, the sage’s son, became the preceptor of the Asuras. The four sons of Uśanas were renowned as priests of the Asuras. (BORI: 1-59-35)

[PV-OTH:01_007_87]

त्वष्टावरस्तथात्रिश्च द्वावन्यौ मन्त्रकर्मिणौ। तेजसा सूर्यसङ्काशा ब्रह्मलोकप्रभावनाः॥BORI: १-५९-३६॥

The excellent Tvaṣṭā and Atri, together with two others who performed rites with sacred formulas, were as radiant as the sun and brought glory to Brahmā’s realm. (BORI: 1-59-36)

[PV-OTH:01_007_88]

इत्येष वंशप्रभवः कथितस्ते तरस्विनाम्। असुराणां सुराणां च पुराणे संश्रुतो मया॥BORI: १-५९-३७॥

Thus I have recounted to you the origin of the lineages of the mighty Asuras and Suras, as I heard it in the Purana. (BORI: 1-59-37)

[PV-OTH:01_007_89]

एतेषां यदपत्यं तु न शक्यं तदशेषतः। प्रसङ्ख्यातुं महीपाल गुणभूतमनन्तकम्॥BORI: १-५९-३८॥

But the offspring of these, O king, are manifold and endless and cannot be enumerated in full. (BORI: 1-59-38)

[PV-OTH:01_007_90]

तार्क्ष्यश्चारिष्टनेमिश्च तथैव गरुडारुणौ। आरुणिर्वारुणिश्चैव वैनतेया इति स्मृताः॥BORI: १-५९-३९॥

Tarkshya, Arishtanemi, Garuda, Aruna, Aruni, and Varuni are known as the sons of Vinata. (BORI: 1-59-39)

[PV-OTH:01_007_91]

शेषोऽनन्तो वासुकिश्च तक्षकश्च भुजङ्गमः। कूर्मश्च कुलिकश्चैव काद्रवेया महाबलाः॥BORI: १-५९-४०॥

Śeṣa, Ananta, Vāsuki, the serpent Takṣaka, Kūrma, and Kulika are the mighty sons of Kadru. (BORI: 1-59-40)

[PV-OTH:01_007_92]

भीमसेनोग्रसेनौ च सुपर्णो वरुणस्तथा। गोपतिर्धृतराष्ट्रश्च सूर्यवर्चाश्च सप्तमः॥BORI: १-५९-४१॥

Bhimasena and Ugrasena, Suparna and Varuna likewise, Gopati and Dhritarashtra, and Suryavarchas, the seventh; (BORI: 1-59-41)

[PV-OTH:01_007_93]

पत्रवानर्कपर्णश्च प्रयुतश्चैव विश्रुतः। भीमश्चित्ररथश्चैव विख्यातः सर्वविद्वशी॥BORI: १-५९-४२॥

Patravān and Arkaparṇa, and the renowned Prayuta; Bhīma and Citraratha, who was famous, all-knowing, and self-controlled; (BORI: 1-59-42)

[PV-OTH:01_007_94]

तथा शालिशिरा राजन्प्रद्युम्नश्च चतुर्दशः। कलिः पञ्चदशश्चैव नारदश्चैव षोडशः । इत्येते देवगन्धर्वा मौनेयाः परिकीर्तिताः॥BORI: १-५९-४३॥

Likewise Śāliśiras, O king; Pradyumna was the fourteenth, Kali the fifteenth, and Nārada the sixteenth. These are celebrated as the divine Gandharvas, the sons of Muni. (BORI: 1-59-43)

[PV-OTH:01_007_95]

अतस्तु भूतान्यन्यानि कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत। अनवद्यामनुवशामनूनामरुणां प्रियाम् । अनूपां सुभगां भासीमिति प्रावा व्यजायत॥BORI: १-५९-४४॥

Now I shall recount other beings, descendant of Bharata. Prāvā gave birth to Anavadyā, Anuvaśā, Anūnā, Aruṇā, Priyā, Anūpā, Subhagā, and Bhāsī. (BORI: 1-59-44)

[PV-OTH:01_007_96]

सिद्धः पूर्णश्च बर्ही च पूर्णाशश्च महायशाः। ब्रह्मचारी रतिगुणः सुपर्णश्चैव सप्तमः॥BORI: १-५९-४५॥

Siddha, Pūrṇa, Barhin, the greatly renowned Pūrṇāśa, Brahmacārin, Ratiguṇa, and Suparṇa as the seventh; (BORI: 1-59-45)

[PV-OTH:01_007_97]

विश्वावसुश्च भानुश्च सुचन्द्रो दशमस्तथा। इत्येते देवगन्धर्वाः प्रावेयाः परिकीर्तिताः॥BORI: १-५९-४६॥

Viśvāvasu, Bhānu, and Suchandra as the tenth—these are the divine Gandharvas known as Prāveya. (BORI: 1-59-46)

[PV-OTH:01_007_98]

इमं त्वप्सरसां वंशं विदितं पुण्यलक्षणम्। प्रावासूत महाभागा देवी देवर्षितः पुरा॥BORI: १-५९-४७॥

Long ago, the illustrious goddess Prāvā bore this renowned and auspicious line of Apsarases to a divine seer. (BORI: 1-59-47)

[PV-OTH:01_007_99]

अलम्बुसा मिश्रकेषी विद्युत्पर्णा तुलानघा। अरुणा रक्षिता चैव रम्भा तद्वन्मनोरमा॥BORI: १-५९-४८॥

Alambusā, Miśrakeśī, Vidyutparṇā, blameless Tulā, Aruṇā, Rakṣitā, Rambhā, and likewise Manoramā... (BORI: 1-59-48)

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असिता च सुबाहुश्च सुव्रता सुभुजा तथा। सुप्रिया चातिबाहुश्च विख्यातौ च हहाहुहू । तुम्बुरुश्चेति चत्वारः स्मृता गन्धर्वसत्तमाः॥BORI: १-५९-४९॥

Asitā, Subāhu, Suvratā, Subhujā, and Supriyā; and Atibāhu, the renowned Hāhā and Hūhū, and Tumburu are remembered as the four foremost Gandharvas. (BORI: 1-59-49)

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अमृतं ब्राह्मणा गावो गन्धर्वाप्सरसस्तथा। अपत्यं कपिलायास्तु पुराणे परिकीर्तितम्॥BORI: १-५९-५०॥

Nectar, Brahmins, cows, Gandharvas, and Apsarases are proclaimed in the Purana to be the offspring of Kapila. (BORI: 1-59-50)

[PV-OTH:01_007_102]

इति ते सर्वभूतानां सम्भवः कथितो मया। यथावत्परिसङ्ख्यातो गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा॥BORI: १-५९-५१॥

Thus I have told you, in due order, of the origin of all beings—of the Gandharvas and Apsarases as well… (BORI: 1-59-51)

[PV-OTH:01_007_103]

भुजगानां सुपर्णानां रुद्राणां मरुतां तथा। गवां च ब्राह्मणानां च श्रीमतां पुण्यकर्मणाम्॥BORI: १-५९-५२॥

and of serpents, Suparnas, Rudras, Maruts, cows, and illustrious Brahmins who perform meritorious deeds. (BORI: 1-59-52)

[PV-OTH:01_007_104]

आयुष्यश्चैव पुण्यश्च धन्यः श्रुतिसुखावहः। श्रोतव्यश्चैव सततं श्राव्यश्चैवानसूयता॥BORI: १-५९-५३॥

It promotes longevity, is holy and auspicious, and brings delight to the ear. It should always be listened to and recited by one free from envy. (BORI: 1-59-53)

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इमं तु वंशं नियमेन यः पठे; न्महात्मनां ब्राह्मणदेवसंनिधौ। अपत्यलाभं लभते स पुष्कलं; श्रियं यशः प्रेत्य च शोभनां गतिम्॥BORI: १-५९-५४॥

Whoever duly recites this lineage of the great souls in the presence of Brahmins and the gods gains abundant offspring, prosperity, and fame, and after death attains a blessed state. (BORI: 1-59-54)

[PV-OTH:01_007_106]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

रुद्रस्यानुचरः श्रीमान्महाकालेति यं विदुः ॥KUMB: १-६६-२१; NILA: ०१.०६५.०२१॥

Rudra’s glorious attendant, whom they know as Mahākāla… (KUMB: 1-66-21; NILA: 01.065.021)

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अन्यौ दानवमुख्यानां सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ तथा ॥KUMB: १-६६-२७; NILA: ०१.०६५.०२७॥

also two others among the foremost Danavas, Surya and Chandramas... (KUMB: 1-66-27; NILA: 01.065.027)

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ब्रह्मणो मानसाः पुत्रा विदिताः षण्महर्षयः। एकादश सुताः स्थाणोः ख्याताः परममानसाः॥BORI: १-६०-१॥

The six great seers are known as the mind-born sons of Brahma. The eleven sons of Sthanu, renowned for their noble minds, are… (BORI: 1-60-1)

[PV-OTH:01_007_109]

मृगव्याधश्च शर्वश्च निरृतिश्च महायशाः। अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यः पिनाकी च परन्तपः॥BORI: १-६०-२॥

Mṛgavyādha, Śarva, the illustrious Nirṛti, Ajaikapād, Ahirbudhnya, and Pinākin, the tormentor of foes; (BORI: 1-60-2)

[PV-OTH:01_007_110]

दहनोऽथेश्वरश्चैव कपाली च महाद्युतिः। स्थाणुर्भवश्च भगवान्रुद्रा एकादश स्मृताः॥BORI: १-६०-३॥

Dahana, Ishvara, Kapali of great splendor, Sthanu, and the blessed Bhava—these are remembered as the eleven Rudras. (BORI: 1-60-3)

[PV-OTH:01_007_111]

मरीचिरङ्गिरा अत्रिः पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः। षडेते ब्रह्मणः पुत्रा वीर्यवन्तो महर्षयः॥BORI: १-६०-४॥

Marīci, Aṅgiras, Atri, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu—these six mighty great seers were sons of Brahmā. (BORI: 1-60-4)

[PV-OTH:01_007_112]

त्रयस्त्वङ्गिरसः पुत्रा लोके सर्वत्र विश्रुताः। बृहस्पतिरुतथ्यश्च संवर्तश्च धृतव्रताः॥BORI: १-६०-५॥

Angiras had three sons, renowned throughout the world: Brihaspati, Utathya, and Samvarta, all steadfast in their vows. (BORI: 1-60-5)

[PV-OTH:01_007_113]

अत्रेस्तु बहवः पुत्राः श्रूयन्ते मनुजाधिप। सर्वे वेदविदः सिद्धाः शान्तात्मानो महर्षयः॥BORI: १-६०-६॥

Atri, however, is said to have had many sons, O lord of men—all great seers, accomplished, serene in spirit, and learned in the Vedas. (BORI: 1-60-6)

[PV-OTH:01_007_114]

राक्षसास्तु पुलस्त्यस्य वानराः किंनरास्तथा। पुलहस्य मृगाः सिंहा व्याघ्राः किम्पुरुषास्तथा॥BORI: १-६०-७॥

Pulastya’s offspring were the Rakshasas, the Vanaras, and the Kinnaras; Pulaha’s were deer, lions, tigers, and Kimpurushas. (BORI: 1-60-7)

[PV-OTH:01_007_115]

क्रतोः क्रतुसमाः पुत्राः पतङ्गसहचारिणः। विश्रुतास्त्रिषु लोकेषु सत्यव्रतपरायणाः॥BORI: १-६०-८॥

Kratu’s sons, equal to Kratu, companions of the sun, renowned in the three worlds and wholly devoted to vows of truth. (BORI: 1-60-8)

[PV-OTH:01_007_116]

दक्षस्त्वजायताङ्गुष्ठाद्दक्षिणाद्भगवानृषिः। ब्रह्मणः पृथिवीपाल पुत्रः पुत्रवतां वरः॥BORI: १-६०-९॥

But the venerable sage Daksha was born from Brahma’s right thumb, O protector of the earth—a son foremost among those who had sons. (BORI: 1-60-9)

[PV-OTH:01_007_117]

वामादजायताङ्गुष्ठाद्भार्या तस्य महात्मनः। तस्यां पञ्चाशतं कन्याः स एवाजनयन्मुनिः॥BORI: १-६०-१०॥

From Brahmā’s left thumb was born the wife of that great-souled sage, and by her the sage himself fathered fifty daughters. (BORI: 1-60-10)

[PV-OTH:01_007_118]

ताः सर्वास्त्वनवद्याङ्ग्यः कन्याः कमललोचनाः। पुत्रिकाः स्थापयामास नष्टपुत्रः प्रजापतिः॥BORI: १-६०-११॥

Bereft of sons, the Prajapati designated all those flawless-limbed, lotus-eyed maidens as appointed daughters. (BORI: 1-60-11)

[PV-OTH:01_007_119]

ददौ स दश धर्माय सप्तविंशतिमिन्दवे। दिव्येन विधिना राजन्कश्यपाय त्रयोदश॥BORI: १-६०-१२॥

He gave ten of them to Dharma, twenty-seven to Indu, and thirteen to Kashyapa, according to the divine rite, O king. (BORI: 1-60-12)

[PV-OTH:01_007_120]

नामतो धर्मपत्न्यस्ताः कीर्त्यमाना निबोध मे। कीर्तिर्लक्ष्मीर्धृतिर्मेधा पुष्टिः श्रद्धा क्रिया तथा॥BORI: १-६०-१३॥

Hear from me the names of Dharma’s wives as they are recounted: Kīrti, Lakṣmī, Dhṛti, Medhā, Puṣṭi, Śraddhā, and Kriyā... (BORI: 1-60-13)

[PV-OTH:01_007_121]

बुद्धिर्लज्जा मतिश्चैव पत्न्यो धर्मस्य ता दश। द्वाराण्येतानि धर्मस्य विहितानि स्वयम्भुवा॥BORI: १-६०-१४॥

Intelligence, modesty, and understanding—these are the ten wives of Dharma. They are the gateways of Dharma, ordained by the Self-born. (BORI: 1-60-14)

[PV-OTH:01_007_122]

सप्तविंशति सोमस्य पत्न्यो लोके परिश्रुताः। कालस्य नयने युक्ताः सोमपत्न्यः शुभव्रताः । सर्वा नक्षत्रयोगिन्यो लोकयात्राविधौ स्थिताः॥BORI: १-६०-१५॥

The twenty-seven wives of Soma are renowned throughout the world. Soma’s wives, faithful to their vows, are charged with marking the passage of time. All are associated with the lunar mansions and take their place in regulating the course of the world. (BORI: 1-60-15)

[PV-OTH:01_007_123]

पितामहो मुनिर्देवस्तस्य पुत्रः प्रजापतिः। तस्याष्टौ वसवः पुत्रास्तेषां वक्ष्यामि विस्तरम्॥BORI: १-६०-१६॥

The divine sage Pitāmaha had a son, Prajāpati. He in turn had eight sons, the Vasus, whom I shall describe in detail. (BORI: 1-60-16)

[PV-OTH:01_007_124]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

धरो ध्रुवश्च सोमश्च अहश्चैवानिलोऽनलः। प्रत्यूषश्च प्रभासश्च वसवोऽष्टाविति स्मृताः॥BORI: १-६०-१७॥

Dhara, Dhruva, Soma, Ahas, Anila, Anala, Pratyusha, and Prabhasa are remembered as the eight Vasus. (BORI: 1-60-17)

[PV-SVO:01_007_125]

धूम्रायाश्च धरः पुत्रो ब्रह्मविद्यो ध्रुवस्तथा। चन्द्रमास्तु मनस्विन्याः श्वसायाः श्वसनस्तथा॥BORI: १-६०-१८॥

Dhara was the son of Dhūmrā, and Dhruva likewise was the son of Brahmavidyā. Candramas was the son of Manasvinī, and Śvasana likewise was the son of Śvasā. (BORI: 1-60-18)

[PV-OTH:01_007_126]

रतायाश्चाप्यहः पुत्रः शाण्डिल्याश्च हुताशनः। प्रत्यूषश्च प्रभासश्च प्रभातायाः सुतौ स्मृतौ॥BORI: १-६०-१९॥

Ahas was the son of Ratā, and Hutāśana the son of Śāṇḍilyā. Pratyūṣa and Prabhāsa are remembered as the two sons of Prabhātā. (BORI: 1-60-19)

[PV-OTH:01_007_127]

धरस्य पुत्रो द्रविणो हुतहव्यवहस्तथा। ध्रुवस्य पुत्रो भगवान्कालो लोकप्रकालनः॥BORI: १-६०-२०॥

Dhara’s son was Dravina, the bearer of sacrificial offerings; Dhruva’s son was the divine Kala, who brings the worlds to an end. (BORI: 1-60-20)

[PV-OTH:01_007_128]

सोमस्य तु सुतो वर्चा वर्चस्वी येन जायते। मनोहरायाः शिशिरः प्राणोऽथ रमणस्तथा॥BORI: १-६०-२१॥

Radiant Varcas was Soma’s son; by him, Śiśira, Prāṇa, and Ramaṇa were born to Manoharā. (BORI: 1-60-21)

[PV-OTH:01_007_129]

अह्नः सुतः स्मृतो ज्योतिः श्रमः शान्तस्तथा मुनिः। अग्नेः पुत्रः कुमारस्तु श्रीमाञ्शरवणालयः॥BORI: १-६०-२२॥

Ahan’s sons are remembered as Jyotis, Shrama, Shanta, and Muni. Agni’s son was the glorious Kumara, who dwelt in a thicket of reeds. (BORI: 1-60-22)

[PV-OTH:01_007_130]

तस्य शाखो विशाखश्च नैगमेशश्च पृष्ठजः। कृत्तिकाभ्युपपत्तेश्च कार्त्तिकेय इति स्मृतः॥BORI: १-६०-२३॥

His younger brothers were Śākha, Viśākha, and Naigameśa. Because the Kṛttikās took him in, he is known as Kārttikeya. (BORI: 1-60-23)

[PV-OTH:01_007_131]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

अनिलस्य शिवा भार्या तस्याः पुत्रः पुरोजवः। अविज्ञातगतिश्चैव द्वौ पुत्रावनिलस्य तु॥BORI: १-६०-२४॥

Śivā was Anila’s wife. Her sons were Purojava and Avijñātagati, the two sons of Anila. (BORI: 1-60-24)

[PV-SVO:01_007_132]

प्रत्यूषस्य विदुः पुत्रमृषिं नाम्नाथ देवलम्। द्वौ पुत्रौ देवलस्यापि क्षमावन्तौ मनीषिणौ॥BORI: १-६०-२५॥

They know the sage named Devala as Pratyusha’s son, and also Devala’s two sons, who were forbearing and wise. (BORI: 1-60-25)

[PV-OTH:01_007_133]

बृहस्पतेस्तु भगिनी वरस्त्री ब्रह्मचारिणी। योगसिद्धा जगत्सर्वमसक्तं विचरत्युत । प्रभासस्य तु भार्या सा वसूनामष्टमस्य ह॥BORI: १-६०-२६॥

Brihaspati’s sister was an excellent woman who practiced celibacy. Perfected in yoga, she wandered unattached throughout the whole world. She was the wife of Prabhasa, the eighth of the Vasus. (BORI: 1-60-26)

[PV-OTH:01_007_134]

विश्वकर्मा महाभागो जज्ञे शिल्पप्रजापतिः। कर्ता शिल्पसहस्राणां त्रिदशानां च वर्धकिः॥BORI: १-६०-२७॥

She gave birth to the illustrious Viśvakarman, lord of artisans, creator of a thousand crafts and carpenter to the gods. (BORI: 1-60-27)

[PV-OTH:01_007_135]

भूषणानां च सर्वेषां कर्ता शिल्पवतां वरः। यो दिव्यानि विमानानि देवतानां चकार ह॥BORI: १-६०-२८॥

The finest of craftsmen, maker of every kind of ornament, he fashioned the divine aerial chariots of the gods. (BORI: 1-60-28)

[PV-OTH:01_007_136]

मनुष्याश्चोपजीवन्ति यस्य शिल्पं महात्मनः। पूजयन्ति च यं नित्यं विश्वकर्माणमव्ययम्॥BORI: १-६०-२९॥

whose craft human beings live by, and whom they constantly worship as the imperishable Vishvakarman. (BORI: 1-60-29)

[PV-OTH:01_007_137]

स्तनं तु दक्षिणं भित्त्वा ब्रह्मणो नरविग्रहः। निःसृतो भगवान्धर्मः सर्वलोकसुखावहः॥BORI: १-६०-३०॥

Breaking through Brahmā’s right breast, the blessed Dharma emerged in human form, bringing happiness to all the worlds. (BORI: 1-60-30)

[PV-OTH:01_007_138]

त्रयस्तस्य वराः पुत्राः सर्वभूतमनोहराः। शमः कामश्च हर्षश्च तेजसा लोकधारिणः॥BORI: १-६०-३१॥

He had three excellent sons, charming to all beings: Tranquillity, Desire, and Joy, who sustain the worlds through their power. (BORI: 1-60-31)

[PV-OTH:01_007_139]

कामस्य तु रतिर्भार्या शमस्य प्राप्तिरङ्गना। नन्दी तु भार्या हर्षस्य यत्र लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः॥BORI: १-६०-३२॥

Rati was Kāma’s wife, Prāpti was Śama’s wife, and Nandī was Harṣa’s wife; in them the worlds are established. (BORI: 1-60-32)

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मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रः कश्यपस्य सुरासुराः। जज्ञिरे नृपशार्दूल लोकानां प्रभवस्तु सः॥BORI: १-६०-३३॥

Marichi’s son was Kashyapa, and from Kashyapa the gods and asuras were born. O tiger among kings, he was the progenitor of the worlds. (BORI: 1-60-33)

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त्वाष्ट्री तु सवितुर्भार्या वडवारूपधारिणी। असूयत महाभागा सान्तरिक्षेऽश्विनावुभौ॥BORI: १-६०-३४॥

Tvaṣṭṛ’s daughter, the highly blessed wife of Savitṛ, assumed the form of a mare and gave birth to the two Aśvins in midair. (BORI: 1-60-34)

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द्वादशैवादितेः पुत्राः शक्रमुख्या नराधिप। तेषामवरजो विष्णुर्यत्र लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः॥BORI: १-६०-३५॥

Aditi had twelve sons, foremost among them Śakra, O king. The youngest of them was Viṣṇu, in whom the worlds are established. (BORI: 1-60-35)

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त्रयस्त्रिंशत इत्येते देवास्तेषामहं तव। अन्वयं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि पक्षैश्च कुलतो गणान्॥BORI: १-६०-३६॥

These are the thirty-three gods. I shall now recount to you their lineage and their groups, branch by branch and family by family. (BORI: 1-60-36)

[PV-OTH:01_007_144]

रुद्राणामपरः पक्षः साध्यानां मरुतां तथा। वसूनां भार्गवं विद्याद्विश्वेदेवांस्तथैव च॥BORI: १-६०-३७॥

The Rudras form another branch, as do the Sādhyas and the Maruts. One should know the Bhārgava as belonging to the Vasus, and likewise the Viśvedevas. (BORI: 1-60-37)

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वैनतेयस्तु गरुडो बलवानरुणस्तथा। बृहस्पतिश्च भगवानादित्येष्वेव गण्यते॥BORI: १-६०-३८॥

Vainateya Garuda, mighty Aruna, and the blessed Brihaspati are counted among the Adityas. (BORI: 1-60-38)

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अश्विभ्यां गुह्यकान्विद्धि सर्वौषध्यस्तथा पशून्। एष देवगणो राजन्कीर्तितस्तेऽनुपूर्वशः । यं कीर्तयित्वा मनुजः सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते॥BORI: १-६०-३९॥

Know that the Guhyakas, all medicinal plants, and animals sprang from the two Aśvins. This host of gods, O king, has been recounted to you in due order; by recounting it, a man is freed from all sins. (BORI: 1-60-39)

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ब्रह्मणो हृदयं भित्त्वा निःसृतो भगवान्भृगुः। भृगोः पुत्रः कविर्विद्वाञ्शुक्रः कविसुतो ग्रहः॥BORI: १-६०-४०॥

The venerable Bhṛgu emerged after breaking through Brahmā’s heart. Bhṛgu’s son was the learned Kavi, and Kavi’s son was Śukra, the planet. (BORI: 1-60-40)

[PV-OTH:01_007_148]

त्रैलोक्यप्राणयात्रार्थे वर्षावर्षे भयाभये। स्वयम्भुवा नियुक्तः सन्भुवनं परिधावति॥BORI: १-६०-४१॥

Appointed by the Self-born to govern rain and drought, danger and safety, for the sustenance of life in the three worlds, he ranges throughout the universe. (BORI: 1-60-41)

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योगाचार्यो महाबुद्धिर्दैत्यानामभवद्गुरुः। सुराणां चापि मेधावी ब्रह्मचारी यतव्रतः॥BORI: १-६०-४२॥

A master of yoga and a man of great wisdom, he became the teacher of the Daityas—and also of the gods—an intelligent celibate ascetic who strictly observed his vows. (BORI: 1-60-42)

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तस्मिन्नियुक्ते विभुना योगक्षेमाय भार्गवे। अन्यमुत्पादयामास पुत्रं भृगुरनिन्दितम्॥BORI: १-६०-४३॥

When that descendant of Bhrgu had been appointed by the mighty one to ensure security and welfare, Bhrgu begot another blameless son… (BORI: 1-60-43)

[PV-OTH:01_007_151]

च्यवनं दीप्ततपसं धर्मात्मानं मनीषिणम्। यः स रोषाच्च्युतो गर्भान्मातुर्मोक्षाय भारत॥BORI: १-६०-४४॥

Cyavana, radiant with ascetic power, righteous and wise, who, O Bharata, fell from his mother’s womb in anger to free her. (BORI: 1-60-44)

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आरुषी तु मनोः कन्या तस्य पत्नी मनीषिणः। और्वस्तस्यां समभवदूरुं भित्त्वा महायशाः । महातपा महातेजा बाल एव गुणैर्युतः॥BORI: १-६०-४५॥

Āruṣī, Manu’s daughter, was the wife of that wise man. The greatly renowned Aurva was born from her, bursting through her thigh. Even as a child, he possessed great ascetic power and immense radiance and was endowed with virtues. (BORI: 1-60-45)

[PV-OTH:01_007_153]

ऋचीकस्तस्य पुत्रस्तु जमदग्निस्ततोऽभवत्। जमदग्नेस्तु चत्वार आसन्पुत्रा महात्मनः॥BORI: १-६०-४६॥

His son was Richika, and from him Jamadagni was born. The great-souled Jamadagni had four sons. (BORI: 1-60-46)

[PV-OTH:01_007_154]

रामस्तेषां जघन्योऽभूदजघन्यैर्गुणैर्युतः। सर्वशस्त्रास्त्रकुशलः क्षत्रियान्तकरो वशी॥BORI: १-६०-४७॥

Rama was the youngest of them, yet endowed with qualities that were anything but least. Skilled in every weapon, he was self-controlled and brought about the destruction of the Kshatriyas. (BORI: 1-60-47)

[PV-OTH:01_007_155]

और्वस्यासीत्पुत्रशतं जमदग्निपुरोगमम्। तेषां पुत्रसहस्राणि बभूवुर्भृगुविस्तरः॥BORI: १-६०-४८॥

Aurva had a hundred sons, headed by Jamadagni. Their thousands of sons became the extension of Bhrigu’s lineage. (BORI: 1-60-48)

[PV-OTH:01_007_156]

द्वौ पुत्रौ ब्रह्मणस्त्वन्यौ ययोस्तिष्ठति लक्षणम्। लोके धाता विधाता च यौ स्थितौ मनुना सह॥BORI: १-६०-४९॥

Brahmā had two other sons, Dhātṛ and Vidhātṛ, whose mark remains in the world and who dwell with Manu. (BORI: 1-60-49)

[PV-OTH:01_007_157]

तयोरेव स्वसा देवी लक्ष्मीः पद्मगृहा शुभा। तस्यास्तु मानसाः पुत्रास्तुरगा व्योमचारिणः॥BORI: १-६०-५०॥

Their sister is the blessed goddess Lakshmi, auspicious and dwelling in the lotus. Her mind-born sons are the horses that roam the sky. (BORI: 1-60-50)

[PV-OTH:01_007_158]

वरुणस्य भार्या ज्येष्ठा तु शुक्राद्देवी व्यजायत। तस्याः पुत्रं बलं विद्धि सुरां च सुरनन्दिनीम्॥BORI: १-६०-५१॥

The goddess Jyeṣṭhā, Varuṇa’s wife, was born from Śukra. Know Bala as her son and Surā, the delight of the gods, as her daughter. (BORI: 1-60-51)

[PV-OTH:01_007_159]

प्रजानामन्नकामानामन्योन्यपरिभक्षणात्। अधर्मस्तत्र सञ्जातः सर्वभूतविनाशनः॥BORI: १-६०-५२॥

As creatures, craving food, devoured one another, Adharma arose there, bringing destruction to all beings. (BORI: 1-60-52)

[PV-OTH:01_007_160]

तस्यापि निरृतिर्भार्या नैरृता येन राक्षसाः। घोरास्तस्यास्त्रयः पुत्राः पापकर्मरताः सदा । भयो महाभयश्चैव मृत्युर्भूतान्तकस्तथा॥BORI: १-६०-५३॥

His wife was Nirṛti, from whom the Rākṣasas derive the name Nairṛtas. Her three terrible sons, always devoted to evil deeds, were Bhaya, Mahābhaya, and Mṛtyu, the destroyer of beings. (BORI: 1-60-53)

[PV-OTH:01_007_161]

काकीं श्येनीं च भासीं च धृतराष्ट्रीं तथा शुकीम्। ताम्रा तु सुषुवे देवी पञ्चैता लोकविश्रुताः॥BORI: १-६०-५४॥

The goddess Tāmra bore Kākī, Śyenī, Bhāsī, Dhṛtarāṣṭrī, and Śukī—these five, renowned throughout the world. (BORI: 1-60-54)

[PV-OTH:01_007_162]

उलूकान्सुषुवे काकी श्येनी श्येनान्व्यजायत। भासी भासानजनयद्गृध्रांश्चैव जनाधिप॥BORI: १-६०-५५॥

Kākī gave birth to owls, Śyenī to hawks, and Bhāsī produced vultures and other birds of prey, O lord of men. (BORI: 1-60-55)

[PV-OTH:01_007_163]

धृतराष्ट्री तु हंसांश्च कलहंसांश्च सर्वशः। चक्रवाकांश्च भद्रं ते प्रजज्ञे सा तु भामिनी॥BORI: १-६०-५६॥

Dhritarashtri, that radiant lady, gave birth to swans, kalahamsa geese of every kind, and chakravaka birds—blessings upon you. (BORI: 1-60-56)

[PV-OTH:01_007_164]

शुकी विजज्ञे धर्मज्ञ शुकानेव मनस्विनी। कल्याणगुणसम्पन्ना सर्वलक्षणपूजिता॥BORI: १-६०-५७॥

O knower of dharma, the high-spirited Śukī gave birth only to parrots; she was endowed with auspicious qualities and honored for every mark of excellence. (BORI: 1-60-57)

[PV-OTH:01_007_165]

नव क्रोधवशा नारीः प्रजज्ञेऽप्यात्मसम्भवाः। मृगीं च मृगमन्दां च हरिं भद्रमनामपि॥BORI: १-६०-५८॥

Krodhavasha also gave birth to nine females, her own offspring: Mrigi, Mrigamanda, Hari, and Bhadramana... (BORI: 1-60-58)

[PV-OTH:01_007_166]

मातङ्गीमथ शार्दूलीं श्वेतां सुरभिमेव च। सर्वलक्षणसम्पन्नां सुरसां च यशस्विनीम्॥BORI: १-६०-५९॥

then Mātaṅgī, Śārdūlī, Śvetā, and Surabhi, as well as the illustrious Surasā, endowed with every auspicious mark. (BORI: 1-60-59)

[PV-OTH:01_007_167]

अपत्यं तु मृगाः सर्वे मृग्या नरवरात्मज। ऋक्षाश्च मृगमन्दायाः सृमराश्चमरा अपि॥BORI: १-६०-६०॥

All deer are the offspring of Mṛgī, O son of the foremost of men; bears, sṛmaras, and chamaras are the offspring of Mṛgamandā. (BORI: 1-60-60)

[PV-OTH:01_007_168]

ततस्त्वैरावतं नागं जज्ञे भद्रमना सुतम्। ऐरावतः सुतस्तस्या देवनागो महागजः॥BORI: १-६०-६१॥

Then Bhadramanā bore Airāvata the elephant as her son. Her son Airāvata was a great divine elephant. (BORI: 1-60-61)

[PV-OTH:01_007_169]

हर्याश्च हरयोऽपत्यं वानराश्च तरस्विनः। गोलाङ्गूलांश्च भद्रं ते हर्याः पुत्रान्प्रचक्षते॥BORI: १-६०-६२॥

Lions were Hari’s offspring, as were swift monkeys; langurs too, may all be well with you, are said to be Hari’s sons. (BORI: 1-60-62)

[PV-OTH:01_007_170]

प्रजज्ञे त्वथ शार्दूली सिंहान्व्याघ्रांश्च भारत। द्वीपिनश्च महाभाग सर्वानेव न संशयः॥BORI: १-६०-६३॥

Then Śārdūlī gave birth to all the lions, tigers, and leopards, O illustrious Bharata—there is no doubt. (BORI: 1-60-63)

[PV-OTH:01_007_171]

मातङ्ग्यास्त्वथ मातङ्गा अपत्यानि नराधिप। दिशागजं तु श्वेताख्यं श्वेताजनयदाशुगम्॥BORI: १-६०-६४॥

Then elephants were born as the offspring of Matangi, O king; and Shveta gave birth to the swift elephant of the quarter named Shveta. (BORI: 1-60-64)

[PV-OTH:01_007_172]

तथा दुहितरौ राजन्सुरभिर्वै व्यजायत। रोहिणीं चैव भद्रं ते गन्धर्वीं च यशस्विनीम्॥BORI: १-६०-६५॥

Likewise, O king, Surabhi gave birth to two illustrious daughters: Rohiṇī and Gandharvī. May good fortune be yours! (BORI: 1-60-65)

[PV-OTH:01_007_173]

रोहिण्यां जज्ञिरे गावो गन्धर्व्यां वाजिनः सुताः॥BORI: १-६०-६५॥

From Rohiṇī were born cattle, and from Gandharvī, horses. (BORI: 1-60-65)

[PV-OTH:01_007_174]

सुरसाजनयन्नागान्राजन्कद्रूश्च पन्नगान्। सप्त पिण्डफलान्वृक्षाननलापि व्यजायत । अनलायाः शुकी पुत्री कद्र्वास्तु सुरसा सुता॥BORI: १-६०-६६॥

O king, Surasā gave birth to the Nāgas, and Kadrū to the serpents. Analā also brought forth seven trees bearing globular fruit. Śukī was Analā’s daughter, while Surasā was Kadrū’s daughter. (BORI: 1-60-66)

[PV-OTH:01_007_175]

अरुणस्य भार्या श्येनी तु वीर्यवन्तौ महाबलौ। सम्पातिं जनयामास तथैव च जटायुषम् । द्वौ पुत्रौ विनतायास्तु विख्यातौ गरुडारुणौ॥BORI: १-६०-६७॥

Śyenī, Aruṇa’s wife, gave birth to the two valiant and immensely powerful sons Sampāti and Jaṭāyu. Vinatā’s two renowned sons were Garuḍa and Aruṇa. (BORI: 1-60-67)

[PV-OTH:01_007_176]

इत्येष सर्वभूतानां महतां मनुजाधिप। प्रभवः कीर्तितः सम्यङ्मया मतिमतां वर॥BORI: १-६०-६८॥

Thus, O lord of men, O best of the wise, I have duly recounted the origin of all these great beings. (BORI: 1-60-68)

[PV-OTH:01_007_177]

यं श्रुत्वा पुरुषः सम्यक्पूतो भवति पाप्मनः। सर्वज्ञतां च लभते गतिमग्र्यां च विन्दति॥BORI: १-६०-६९॥

By hearing it properly, a person is purified of sin, attains omniscience, and finds the highest path. (BORI: 1-60-69)

[PV-OTH:01_007_178]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

यक्षाश्च मनुजव्याघ्र पुत्रास्तस्य च धीमतः ॥KUMB: १-६७-७; NILA: ०१.०६६.००७॥

And the Yakshas, O tiger among men, were the sons of that wise man. (KUMB: 1-67-7; NILA: 01.066.007)

[PV-SVO:01_007_179]

पुलहस्य सुता राजञ्शरभाश्च प्रकीर्तिताः ॥KUMB: १-६७-८; NILA: ०१.०६६.००८॥

The Śarabhas too are said to be the sons of Pulaha, O king. (KUMB: 1-67-8; NILA: 01.066.008)

[PV-SVO:01_007_180]

न तस्य भार्या पुत्रो वा कश्चिदस्त्यन्तको हि सः ॥KUMB: १-६७-५५; NILA: ०१.०६६.०५५॥

He has neither wife nor son, for he is Antaka. (KUMB: 1-67-55; NILA: 01.066.055)

[PV-SVO:01_007_181]

विमलामपि भद्रं ते अनलामपि भारत ॥KUMB: १-६७-६८; NILA: ०१.०६६.०६८॥

Vimalā too—may good fortune be yours—and Analā too, O Bharata… (KUMB: 1-67-68; NILA: 01.066.068)

[PV-SVO:01_007_182]

इरायाः कन्यका जातास्तिस्रः कमललोचनाः । वनस्पतीनां वृक्षाणां वीरुधां चैव मातरः ॥KUMB: १-६७-६९॥

Three lotus-eyed daughters were born to Irā; they were the mothers of fruit-bearing plants, flowering trees, and creepers. (KUMB: 1-67-69)

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लतारुहे च द्वे प्रोक्ते वीरुधां चैव ताः स्मृताः । गृह्णन्ति ये विना पुष्पं फलानि तरवः पृथक् ॥KUMB: १-६७-७०॥

The two are called Latā and Ruhā, and they are remembered as mothers of creeping plants. Those trees that bear fruit without flowers... (KUMB: 1-67-70)

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लतासुतास्ते विज्ञेयास्तानेवाहुर्वनस्पतीन् । पुष्पैः फलग्रहान्वृक्षान्रुहायाः प्रसवं विदुः ॥KUMB: १-६७-७१॥

They should be known as the offspring of Latā and are called vanaspatis. Trees that bear fruit after flowering are known as the progeny of Ruhā. (KUMB: 1-67-71)

[PV-SVO:01_007_185]

लतागुल्मानि वृक्षाश्च त्वक्सारतृणजन्तवः । वीरुधो याः प्रजास्तस्यास्तत्र वंशः समाप्यते ॥KUMB: १-६७-७२॥

Creepers, shrubs, trees, bamboos, grasses, and other living plants are her offspring; with them her lineage comes to an end. (KUMB: 1-67-72)

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देवानां दानवानां च यक्षाणामथ रक्षसाम्। अन्येषां चैव भूतानां सर्वेषां भगवन्नहम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-१॥

Of the gods and Dānavas, the Yakṣas and Rākṣasas, and indeed of all other beings, O Lord, I… (BORI: 1-061-1)

[PV-OTH:01_007_187]

श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन मानुषेषु महात्मनाम्। जन्म कर्म च भूतानामेतेषामनुपूर्वशः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२॥

I wish to hear the true account, in due order, of the birth and deeds among humans of these great-souled beings. (BORI: 1-061-2)

[PV-OTH:01_007_188]

मानुषेषु मनुष्येन्द्र सम्भूता ये दिवौकसः। प्रथमं दानवांश्चैव तांस्ते वक्ष्यामि सर्वशः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३॥

O lord of men, I shall first tell you fully of the heavenly beings and the Danavas who were born among humans. (BORI: 1-061-3)

[PV-OTH:01_007_189]

विप्रचित्तिरिति ख्यातो य आसीद्दानवर्षभः। जरासन्ध इति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजर्षभः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४॥

The foremost of the Danavas who was known as Vipracitti became the foremost of men known as Jarasandha. (BORI: 1-061-4)

[PV-OTH:01_007_190]

दितेः पुत्रस्तु यो राजन्हिरण्यकशिपुः स्मृतः। स जज्ञे मानुषे लोके शिशुपालो नरर्षभः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५॥

But Diti’s son, O king, who is remembered as Hiranyakashipu, was born in the human world as Shishupala, a bull among men. (BORI: 1-061-5)

[PV-OTH:01_007_191]

संह्राद इति विख्यातः प्रह्रादस्यानुजस्तु यः। स शल्य इति विख्यातो जज्ञे बाह्लीकपुङ्गवः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६॥

Prahrada’s younger brother, renowned as Samhrada, was born as the eminent Bahlika named Shalya. (BORI: 1-061-6)

[PV-OTH:01_007_192]

अनुह्रादस्तु तेजस्वी योऽभूत्ख्यातो जघन्यजः। धृष्टकेतुरिति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजेश्वरः ॥BORI: १-०६१-७॥

The valiant Anuhrāda, renowned as the youngest brother, became the king of men known as Dhṛṣṭaketu. (BORI: 1-061-7)

[PV-OTH:01_007_193]

यस्तु राजञ्शिबिर्नाम दैतेयः परिकीर्तितः। द्रुम इत्यभिविख्यातः स आसीद्भुवि पार्थिवः ॥BORI: १-०६१-८॥

The Daitya named Śibi, O king, who is renowned in the accounts, became the ruler on earth widely known as Druma. (BORI: 1-061-8)

[PV-OTH:01_007_194]

बाष्कलो नाम यस्तेषामासीदसुरसत्तमः। भगदत्त इति ख्यातः स आसीन्मनुजेश्वरः ॥BORI: १-०६१-९॥

The foremost Asura among them, named Bāṣkala, became the king of men known as Bhagadatta. (BORI: 1-061-9)

[PV-OTH:01_007_195]

अयःशिरा अश्वशिरा अयःशङ्कुश्च वीर्यवान्। तथा गगनमूर्धा च वेगवांश्चात्र पञ्चमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१०॥

Ayaḥśiras, Aśvaśiras, the valiant Ayaḥśaṅku, and Gaganamūrdhan, with Vegavat as the fifth among them— (BORI: 1-061-10)

[PV-OTH:01_007_196]

पञ्चैते जज्ञिरे राजन्वीर्यवन्तो महासुराः। केकयेषु महात्मानः पार्थिवर्षभसत्तमाः ॥BORI: १-०६१-११॥

These five mighty great Asuras were born among the Kekayas, O king, as great-souled men, the foremost of royal bulls. (BORI: 1-061-11)

[PV-OTH:01_007_197]

केतुमानिति विख्यातो यस्ततोऽन्यः प्रतापवान्। अमितौजा इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१२॥

Another mighty one, renowned as Ketuman, became a king on earth known as Amitaujas. (BORI: 1-061-12)

[PV-OTH:01_007_198]

स्वर्भानुरिति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः। उग्रसेन इति ख्यात उग्रकर्मा नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१३॥

The glorious great Asura renowned as Svarbhanu was the king known as Ugrasena, a man of fierce deeds. (BORI: 1-061-13)

[PV-OTH:01_007_199]

यस्त्वश्व इति विख्यातः श्रीमानासीन्महासुरः। अशोको नाम राजासीन्महावीर्यपराक्रमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१४॥

The glorious great Asura known as Aśva became King Aśoka, a man of immense strength and valor. (BORI: 1-061-14)

[PV-OTH:01_007_200]

तस्मादवरजो यस्तु राजन्नश्वपतिः स्मृतः। दैतेयः सोऽभवद्राजा हार्दिक्यो मनुजर्षभः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१५॥

His younger brother, O king, who was known as Ashvapati—that Daitya was born as King Hardikya, O bull among men. (BORI: 1-061-15)

[PV-OTH:01_007_201]

वृषपर्वेति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः। दीर्घप्रज्ञ इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१६॥

The illustrious great Asura renowned as Vṛṣaparvan became the king known on earth as Dīrghaprajña. (BORI: 1-061-16)

[PV-OTH:01_007_202]

अजकस्त्वनुजो राजन्य आसीद्वृषपर्वणः। स मल्ल इति विख्यातः पृथिव्यामभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१७॥

Ajaka, O king, was the younger brother of Vrishaparvan. He became a king on earth, renowned as Malla. (BORI: 1-061-17)

[PV-OTH:01_007_203]

अश्वग्रीव इति ख्यातः सत्त्ववान्यो महासुरः। रोचमान इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१८॥

The valiant great Asura known as Ashvagriva became a king on earth known as Rochamana. (BORI: 1-061-18)

[PV-OTH:01_007_204]

सूक्ष्मस्तु मतिमान् राजन्कीर्तिमान्यः प्रकीर्तितः। बृहन्त इति विख्यातः क्षितावासीत्स पार्थिवः ॥BORI: १-०६१-१९॥

But, O king, the intelligent Sukshma, who was known as Kirtiman, became the ruler renowned on earth as Brihanta. (BORI: 1-061-19)

[PV-OTH:01_007_205]

तुहुण्ड इति विख्यातो य आसीदसुरोत्तमः। सेनाबिन्दुरिति ख्यातः स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२०॥

The one who was renowned as Tuhuṇḍa, foremost of the Asuras, became the king known as Senābindu. (BORI: 1-061-20)

[PV-OTH:01_007_206]

इसृपा नाम यस्तेषामसुराणां बलाधिकः। पापजिन्नाम राजासीद्भुवि विख्यातविक्रमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२१॥

The asura named Isṛpā, who surpassed the others in strength, became King Pāpajit, renowned on earth for his valor. (BORI: 1-061-21)

[PV-OTH:01_007_207]

एकचक्र इति ख्यात आसीद्यस्तु महासुरः। प्रतिविन्ध्य इति ख्यातो बभूव प्रथितः क्षितौ ॥BORI: १-०६१-२२॥

The great Asura known as Ekachakra became renowned on earth as Prativindhya. (BORI: 1-061-22)

[PV-OTH:01_007_208]

विरूपाक्षस्तु दैतेयश्चित्रयोधी महासुरः। चित्रवर्मेति विख्यातः क्षितावासीत्स पार्थिवः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२३॥

The Daiteya Virupaksha, a great Asura and fighter of wondrous skill, became the king renowned on earth as Citravarman. (BORI: 1-061-23)

[PV-OTH:01_007_209]

हरस्त्वरिहरो वीर आसीद्यो दानवोत्तमः। सुवास्तुरिति विख्यातः स जज्ञे मनुजर्षभः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२४॥

The heroic Hara, destroyer of foes and foremost of the Danavas, was born as the eminent man known as Suvastu. (BORI: 1-061-24)

[PV-OTH:01_007_210]

अहरस्तु महातेजाः शत्रुपक्षक्षयङ्करः। बाह्लीको नाम राजा स बभूव प्रथितः क्षितौ ॥BORI: १-०६१-२५॥

The mighty Aharas, destroyer of enemy forces, became the king named Bahlika, renowned throughout the earth. (BORI: 1-061-25)

[PV-OTH:01_007_211]

निचन्द्रश्चन्द्रवक्त्रश्च य आसीदसुरोत्तमः। मुञ्जकेश इति ख्यातः श्रीमानासीत्स पार्थिवः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२६॥

Nicandra, also called Candravaktra, who was the foremost of the Asuras, became the illustrious king known as Muñjakeśa. (BORI: 1-061-26)

[PV-OTH:01_007_212]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

निकुम्भस्त्वजितः सङ्ख्ये महामतिरजायत। भूमौ भूमिपतिः श्रेष्ठो देवाधिप इति स्मृतः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२७॥

The great-minded Nikumbha, unconquered in battle, was born on earth as the foremost of kings, known as Devadhipa. (BORI: 1-061-27)

[PV-SVO:01_007_213]

शरभो नाम यस्तेषां दैतेयानां महासुरः। पौरवो नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नरेष्विह ॥BORI: १-०६१-२८॥

The great Asura among the Daityas named Śarabha was born here among men as the royal seer named Paurava. (BORI: 1-061-28)

[PV-OTH:01_007_214]

द्वितीयः शलभस्तेषामसुराणां बभूव यः। प्रह्रादो नाम बाह्लीकः स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-२९॥

The second of those Asuras, Śalabha, became a Bāhlīka king named Prahrāda. (BORI: 1-061-29)

[PV-OTH:01_007_215]

चन्द्रस्तु दितिजश्रेष्ठो लोके ताराधिपोपमः। ऋषिको नाम राजर्षिर्बभूव नृपसत्तमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३०॥

Candra, the foremost of Diti’s sons, who was like the lord of the stars in the world, became the royal seer Ṛṣika, the finest of kings. (BORI: 1-061-30)

[PV-OTH:01_007_216]

मृतपा इति विख्यातो य आसीदसुरोत्तमः। पश्चिमानूपकं विद्धि तं नृपं नृपसत्तम ॥BORI: १-०६१-३१॥

Know, O best of kings, that the king Paścimānūpaka was the foremost Asura renowned as Mṛtapā. (BORI: 1-061-31)

[PV-OTH:01_007_217]

गविष्ठस्तु महातेजा यः प्रख्यातो महासुरः। द्रुमसेन इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३२॥

The mighty and renowned great Asura Gaviṣṭha became a king on earth known as Drumasena. (BORI: 1-061-32)

[PV-OTH:01_007_218]

मयूर इति विख्यातः श्रीमान्यस्तु महासुरः। स विश्व इति विख्यातो बभूव पृथिवीपतिः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३३॥

The illustrious great Asura renowned as Mayūra became the king known as Viśva. (BORI: 1-061-33)

[PV-OTH:01_007_219]

सुपर्ण इति विख्यातस्तस्मादवरजस्तु यः। कालकीर्तिरिति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३४॥

The younger brother of that one, known as Suparṇa, became a king on earth renowned as Kālakīrti. (BORI: 1-061-34)

[PV-OTH:01_007_220]

चन्द्रहन्तेति यस्तेषां कीर्तितः प्रवरोऽसुरः। शुनको नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३५॥

The foremost Asura among them, known as Candrahanta, became Shunaka, a royal sage and ruler of men. (BORI: 1-061-35)

[PV-OTH:01_007_221]

विनाशनस्तु चन्द्रस्य य आख्यातो महासुरः। जानकिर्नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३६॥

The great Asura said to have been the destroyer of the moon became a royal seer and ruler of men named Jānaki. (BORI: 1-061-36)

[PV-OTH:01_007_222]

दीर्घजिह्वस्तु कौरव्य य उक्तो दानवर्षभः। काशिराज इति ख्यातः पृथिव्यां पृथिवीपतिः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३७॥

But Dīrghajihva, O Kauravya, who was said to be a foremost Dānava, became a ruler on earth renowned as the king of Kāśi. (BORI: 1-061-37)

[PV-OTH:01_007_223]

ग्रहं तु सुषुवे यं तं सिंही चन्द्रार्कमर्दनम्। क्राथ इत्यभिविख्यातः सोऽभवन्मनुजाधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३८॥

That Graha whom Siṃhī bore, the tormentor of the moon and sun, became a ruler of men widely known as Kratha. (BORI: 1-061-38)

[PV-OTH:01_007_224]

अनायुषस्तु पुत्राणां चतुर्णां प्रवरोऽसुरः। विक्षरो नाम तेजस्वी वसुमित्रोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-३९॥

The foremost of Anāyus’s four sons, a powerful Asura named Vikṣara, became King Vasumitra. (BORI: 1-061-39)

[PV-OTH:01_007_225]

द्वितीयो विक्षराद्यस्तु नराधिप महासुरः। पांसुराष्ट्राधिप इति विश्रुतः सोऽभवन्नृपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४०॥

O ruler of men, the great Asura who came second after Vikshara became the king renowned as the lord of the Pansu realm. (BORI: 1-061-40)

[PV-OTH:01_007_226]

बलवीर इति ख्यातो यस्त्वासीदसुरोत्तमः। पौण्ड्रमत्स्यक इत्येव स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४१॥

The foremost Asura who was renowned as Balavīra became the king known as Pauṇḍramatsyaka. (BORI: 1-061-41)

[PV-OTH:01_007_227]

वृत्र इत्यभिविख्यातो यस्तु राजन्महासुरः। मणिमान्नाम राजर्षिः स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४२॥

The great Asura renowned as Vritra, O king, became the royal seer named Maniman, a ruler of men. (BORI: 1-061-42)

[PV-OTH:01_007_228]

क्रोधहन्तेति यस्तस्य बभूवावरजोऽसुरः। दण्ड इत्यभिविख्यातः स आसीन्नृपतिः क्षितौ ॥BORI: १-०६१-४३॥

The Asura known as Krodhahantṛ, his younger brother, became the king on earth renowned as Daṇḍa. (BORI: 1-061-43)

[PV-OTH:01_007_229]

क्रोधवर्धन इत्येव यस्त्वन्यः परिकीर्तितः। दण्डधार इति ख्यातः सोऽभवन्मनुजेश्वरः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४४॥

Another, celebrated as Krodhavardhana, became a king known as Daṇḍadhāra. (BORI: 1-061-44)

[PV-OTH:01_007_230]

कालकायास्तु ये पुत्रास्तेषामष्टौ नराधिपाः। जज्ञिरे राजशार्दूल शार्दूलसमविक्रमाः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४५॥

Of the sons of Kālakā, eight were born as kings, O tiger among kings, each as valiant as a tiger. (BORI: 1-061-45)

[PV-OTH:01_007_231]

मगधेषु जयत्सेनः श्रीमानासीत्स पार्थिवः। अष्टानां प्रवरस्तेषां कालेयानां महासुरः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४६॥

In Magadha, the illustrious king Jayatsena was the foremost of those eight—a mighty Asura of the Kāleya clan. (BORI: 1-061-46)

[PV-OTH:01_007_232]

द्वितीयस्तु ततस्तेषां श्रीमान्हरिहयोपमः। अपराजित इत्येव स बभूव नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४७॥

The second of them became the glorious king named Aparajita, who was equal to Indra. (BORI: 1-061-47)

[PV-OTH:01_007_233]

तृतीयस्तु महाराज महाबाहुर्महासुरः। निषादाधिपतिर्जज्ञे भुवि भीमपराक्रमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४८॥

The third, O great king, was born on earth as a mighty-armed lord of the Nishadas, a great Asura of formidable prowess. (BORI: 1-061-48)

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तेषामन्यतमो यस्तु चतुर्थः परिकीर्तितः। श्रेणिमानिति विख्यातः क्षितौ राजर्षिसत्तमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-४९॥

The fourth among them was renowned on earth as Śreṇimān, the foremost of royal seers. (BORI: 1-061-49)

[PV-OTH:01_007_235]

पञ्चमस्तु बभूवैषां प्रवरो यो महासुरः। महौजा इति विख्यातो बभूवेह परन्तपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५०॥

The fifth and foremost of them was the great Asura renowned here as Mahaujas, a scourge of his foes. (BORI: 1-061-50)

[PV-OTH:01_007_236]

षष्ठस्तु मतिमान्यो वै तेषामासीन्महासुरः। अभीरुरिति विख्यातः क्षितौ राजर्षिसत्तमः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५१॥

The sixth of them was a wise great Asura, known on earth as Abhiru, the foremost of royal sages. (BORI: 1-061-51)

[PV-OTH:01_007_237]

समुद्रसेनश्च नृपस्तेषामेवाभवद्गणात्। विश्रुतः सागरान्तायां क्षितौ धर्मार्थतत्त्ववित् ॥BORI: १-०६१-५२॥

King Samudrasena also belonged to that same group. Renowned throughout the earth as far as the ocean, he understood the true principles of dharma and material welfare. (BORI: 1-061-52)

[PV-OTH:01_007_238]

बृहन्नामाष्टमस्तेषां कालेयानां परन्तपः। बभूव राजन्धर्मात्मा सर्वभूतहिते रतः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५३॥

Brihannaman, the eighth of those Kaleyas, was a righteous king, a scorcher of foes devoted to the welfare of all beings. (BORI: 1-061-53)

[PV-OTH:01_007_239]

गणः क्रोधवशो नाम यस्ते राजन् प्रकीर्तितः। ततः सञ्जज्ञिरे वीराः क्षिताविह नराधिपाः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५४॥

From the host named Krodhavasha, which has been recounted to you, O king, were born here on earth heroic rulers of men. (BORI: 1-061-54)

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नन्दिकः कर्णवेष्टश्च सिद्धार्थः कीटकस्तथा। सुवीरश्च सुबाहुश्च महावीरोऽथ बाह्लिकः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५५॥

Nandika, Karṇaveṣṭa, Siddhārtha, Kīṭaka, Suvīra, Subāhu, Mahāvīra, and then Bāhlika; (BORI: 1-061-55)

[PV-OTH:01_007_241]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

क्रोधो विचित्यः सुरसः श्रीमान्नीलश्च भूमिपः । वीरधामा च कौरव्य भूमिपालश्च नामतः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५६॥

Krodha, Vicitya, Surasa, the illustrious King Nila, Viradhama, O Kauravya, and one named Bhumipala; (BORI: 1-061-56)

[PV-SVO:01_007_242]

दन्तवक्त्रश्च नामासीद्दुर्जयश्चैव नामतः । रुक्मी च नृपशार्दूलो राजा च जनमेजयः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५७॥

There was also one named Dantavaktra, as well as one named Durjaya, Rukmi, a tiger among kings, and King Janamejaya. (BORI: 1-061-57)

[PV-OTH:01_007_243]

आषाढो वायुवेगश्च भूरितेजास्तथैव च । एकलव्यः सुमित्रश्च वाटधानोऽथ गोमुखः ॥BORI: १-०६१-५८॥

Āṣāḍha, Vāyuvega, Bhūritejas, Ekalavya, Sumitra, Vāṭadhāna, and Gomukha; (BORI: 1-061-58)

[PV-OTH:01_007_244]

कारूषकाश्च राजानः क्षेमधूर्तिस्तथैव च । श्रुतायुरुद्धवश्चैव बृहत्सेनस्तथैव च ॥BORI: १-०६१-५९॥

the Kārūṣaka kings, as well as Kṣemadhūrti, Śrutāyus, Uddhava, and Bṛhatsena; (BORI: 1-061-59)

[PV-OTH:01_007_245]

क्षेमोग्रतीर्थः कुहरः कलिङ्गेषु नराधिपः । मतिमांश्च मनुष्येन्द्र ईश्वरश्चेति विश्रुतः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६०॥

Kṣema, Ugratīrtha, Kuhara, a ruler among the Kaliṅgas, and Matimān, O king of men, as well as one renowned as Īśvara… (BORI: 1-061-60)

[PV-OTH:01_007_246]

गणात्क्रोधवशादेवं राजपूगोऽभवत्क्षितौ । जातः पुरा महाराज महाकीर्तिर्महाबलः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६१॥

Thus, in ancient times, a multitude of kings of great renown and might was born on earth from the host of Krodhavasha, O great king. (BORI: 1-061-61)

[PV-OTH:01_007_247]

यस्त्वासीद्देवको नाम देवराजसमद्युतिः । स गन्धर्वपतिर्मुख्यः क्षितौ जज्ञे नराधिपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६२॥

The foremost lord of the Gandharvas, whose name was Devaka and whose radiance equaled that of the king of the gods, was born on earth as a king. (BORI: 1-061-62)

[PV-OTH:01_007_248]

बृहस्पतेर्बृहत्कीर्तेर्देवर्षेर्विद्धि भारत । अंशाद्द्रोणं समुत्पन्नं भारद्वाजमयोनिजम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-६३॥

Know, O Bharata, that Drona, the womb-bornless son of Bharadvaja, arose from a portion of the renowned divine sage Brihaspati. (BORI: 1-061-63)

[PV-OTH:01_007_249]

धन्विनां नृपशार्दूल यः स सर्वास्त्रवित्तमः । बृहत्कीर्तिर्महातेजाः सञ्जज्ञे मनुजेष्विह ॥BORI: १-०६१-६४॥

Among archers, O tiger among kings, he was the foremost knower of every weapon. Greatly renowned and mighty in splendor, he was born here among men. (BORI: 1-061-64)

[PV-OTH:01_007_250]

धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च यं तं वेदविदो विदुः । वरिष्ठमिन्द्रकर्माणं द्रोणं स्वकुलवर्धनम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-६५॥

Those who know the Veda recognize him as Drona, foremost in both the science of arms and the Veda, a performer of Indra-like deeds and an enhancer of his lineage. (BORI: 1-061-65)

[PV-OTH:01_007_251]

महादेवान्तकाभ्यां च कामात्क्रोधाच्च भारत । एकत्वमुपपन्नानां जज्ञे शूरः परन्तपः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६६॥

From Mahadeva and Antaka, and from Kama and Krodha, who had become one, a valiant scorcher of foes was born, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-061-66)

[PV-OTH:01_007_252]

अश्वत्थामा महावीर्यः शत्रुपक्षक्षयङ्करः । वीरः कमलपत्राक्षः क्षितावासीन्नराधिप ॥BORI: १-०६१-६७॥

Aśvatthāman, mighty in valor, a hero who destroyed the enemy host and had lotus-petal eyes, was born on earth, O king. (BORI: 1-061-67)

[PV-OTH:01_007_253]

जज्ञिरे वसवस्त्वष्टौ गङ्गायां शन्तनोः सुताः । वसिष्ठस्य च शापेन नियोगाद्वासवस्य च ॥BORI: १-०६१-६८॥

The eight Vasus were born as Śantanu’s sons through Gaṅgā, because of Vasiṣṭha’s curse and at the behest of Vāsava. (BORI: 1-061-68)

[PV-OTH:01_007_254]

तेषामवरजो भीष्मः कुरूणामभयङ्करः । मतिमान्वेदविद्वाग्मी शत्रुपक्षक्षयङ्करः ॥BORI: १-०६१-६९॥

Bhishma, the youngest of them—the Kurus’ protector, wise, versed in the Vedas, eloquent, and a destroyer of enemy forces— (BORI: 1-061-69)

[PV-OTH:01_007_255]

जामदग्न्येन रामेण यः स सर्वविदां वरः । अयुध्यत महातेजा भार्गवेण महात्मना ॥BORI: १-०६१-७०॥

who, mighty in splendor and foremost among all the learned, fought with the great-souled Rama, Jamadagni’s son and descendant of Bhrigu. (BORI: 1-061-70)

[PV-OTH:01_007_256]

यस्तु राजन्कृपो नाम ब्रह्मर्षिरभवत्क्षितौ । रुद्राणां तं गणाद्विद्धि सम्भूतमतिपौरुषम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-७१॥

O king, as for the brahmarṣi named Kṛpa who lived on earth, know that exceptionally valiant man to have arisen from the host of the Rudras. (BORI: 1-061-71)

[PV-OTH:01_007_257]

शकुनिर्नाम यस्त्वासीद्राजा लोके महारथः । द्वापरं विद्धि तं राजन्सम्भूतमरिमर्दनम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-७२॥

O king, know that the mighty warrior-king named Shakuni, who lived in the world and crushed his enemies, was born from Dvapara. (BORI: 1-061-72)

[PV-OTH:01_007_258]

सात्यकिः सत्यसन्धस्तु योऽसौ वृष्णिकुलोद्वहः । पक्षात्स जज्ञे मरुतां देवानामरिमर्दनः ॥BORI: १-०६१-७३॥

Satyaki, true to his word, that scion of the Vrishni clan and crusher of foes, was born from a portion of the Marut gods. (BORI: 1-061-73)

[PV-OTH:01_007_259]

द्रुपदश्चापि राजर्षिस्तत एवाभवद्गणात् । मानुषे नृप लोकेऽस्मिन्सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः ॥BORI: १-०६१-७४॥

The royal sage Drupada also arose from that same host, O king, in this human world—the foremost of all wielders of weapons. (BORI: 1-061-74)

[PV-OTH:01_007_260]

ततश्च कृतवर्माणं विद्धि राजञ्जनाधिपम् । जातमप्रतिकर्माणं क्षत्रियर्षभसत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-७५॥

Then know, O king, that Kṛtavarman, lord of men, was born—one against whom no countermeasure could prevail, foremost among the bulls of the Kshatriyas. (BORI: 1-061-75)

[PV-OTH:01_007_261]

मरुतां तु गणाद्विद्धि सञ्जातमरिमर्दनम् । विराटं नाम राजर्षिं परराष्ट्रप्रतापनम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-७६॥

Know that the foe-crushing royal seer named Virata, the scourge of enemy kingdoms, was born from the host of the Maruts. (BORI: 1-061-76)

[PV-OTH:01_007_262]

अरिष्टायास्तु यः पुत्रो हंस इत्यभिविश्रुतः । स गन्धर्वपतिर्जज्ञे कुरुवंशविवर्धनः ॥BORI: १-०६१-७७॥

That lord of the Gandharvas—the son of Arishta widely renowned as Hamsa—was born to further the Kuru line. (BORI: 1-061-77)

[PV-OTH:01_007_263]

धृतराष्ट्र इति ख्यातः कृष्णद्वैपायनादपि । दीर्घबाहुर्महातेजाः प्रज्ञाचक्षुर्नराधिपः। मातुर्दोषादृषेः कोपादन्ध एव व्यजायत ॥BORI: १-०६१-७८॥

From Krishna Dvaipayana was born the long-armed, mighty king known as Dhritarashtra, whose wisdom was his sight. Because of his mother’s fault and the sage’s anger, he was born blind. (BORI: 1-061-78)

[PV-OTH:01_007_264]

अत्रेस्तु सुमहाभागं पुत्रं पुत्रवतां वरम् । विदुरं विद्धि लोकेऽस्मिञ्जातं बुद्धिमतां वरम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-७९॥

Know that Vidura, Atri’s greatly blessed son, foremost among those who have sons, was born in this world as the foremost of the wise. (BORI: 1-061-79)

[PV-OTH:01_007_265]

कलेरंशात्तु सञ्जज्ञे भुवि दुर्योधनो नृपः । दुर्बुद्धिर्दुर्मतिश्चैव कुरूणामयशस्करः ॥BORI: १-०६१-८०॥

From a portion of Kali, King Duryodhana was born on earth—wicked in understanding and judgment, and a bringer of disgrace upon the Kurus. (BORI: 1-061-80)

[PV-OTH:01_007_266]

जगतो यः स सर्वस्य विद्विष्टः कलिपूरुषः । यः सर्वां घातयामास पृथिवीं पुरुषाधमः। येन वैरं समुद्दीप्तं भूतान्तकरणं महत् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८१॥

He was hated by the entire world, that embodiment of Kali, that lowest of men who caused the whole earth to be slaughtered and through whom the great enmity that brought about the destruction of living beings was kindled. (BORI: 1-061-81)

[PV-OTH:01_007_267]

पौलस्त्या भ्रातरः सर्वे जज्ञिरे मनुजेष्विह । शतं दुःशासनादीनां सर्वेषां क्रूरकर्मणाम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८२॥

All the Paulastya brothers were born here among men—the hundred beginning with Duhshasana, all of them perpetrators of cruel deeds. (BORI: 1-061-82)

[PV-OTH:01_007_268]

दुर्मुखो दुःसहश्चैव ये चान्ये नानुशब्दिताः । दुर्योधनसहायास्ते पौलस्त्या भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०६१-८३॥

Durmukha, Duḥsaha, and the others who have not been named—those allies of Duryodhana were descendants of Pulastya, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-061-83)

[PV-OTH:01_007_269]

धर्मस्यांशं तु राजानं विद्धि राजन्युधिष्ठिरम् । भीमसेनं तु वातस्य देवराजस्य चार्जुनम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८४॥

Know King Yudhishthira, O king, to be a portion of Dharma; Bhimasena, a portion of Vata; and Arjuna, a portion of the king of the gods. (BORI: 1-061-84)

[PV-OTH:01_007_270]

अश्विनोस्तु तथैवांशौ रूपेणाप्रतिमौ भुवि । नकुलः सहदेवश्च सर्वलोकमनोहरौ ॥BORI: १-०६१-८५॥

Nakula and Sahadeva were likewise portions of the two Ashvins, matchless in beauty on earth and captivating to all people. (BORI: 1-061-85)

[PV-OTH:01_007_271]

यः सुवर्चा इति ख्यातः सोमपुत्रः प्रतापवान् । अभिमन्युर्बृहत्कीर्तिरर्जुनस्य सुतोऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८६॥

The valiant son of Soma known as Suvarcas became Arjuna’s son Abhimanyu, a man of great renown. (BORI: 1-061-86)

[PV-OTH:01_007_272]

अग्नेरंशं तु विद्धि त्वं धृष्टद्युम्नं महारथम् । शिखण्डिनमथो राजन्स्त्रीपुंसं विद्धि राक्षसम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८७॥

Know the mighty chariot-warrior Dhrishtadyumna to be a portion of Agni; and know Shikhandin, O king, who was both female and male, to be a Rakshasa. (BORI: 1-061-87)

[PV-OTH:01_007_273]

द्रौपदेयाश्च ये पञ्च बभूवुर्भरतर्षभ । विश्वेदेवगणान्राजंस्तान्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०६१-८८॥

The five sons born to Draupadi, O bull of the Bharatas—know them, O king, to be the company of the Viśvedevas. (BORI: 1-061-88)

[PV-OTH:01_007_274]

आमुक्तकवचः कर्णो यस्तु जज्ञे महारथः । दिवाकरस्य तं विद्धि देवस्यांशमनुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-८९॥

Know that the great chariot-warrior Karna, who was born wearing armor, was an unsurpassed portion of the god Divakara. (BORI: 1-061-89)

[PV-OTH:01_007_275]

यस्तु नारायणो नाम देवदेवः सनातनः । तस्यांशो मानुषेष्वासीद्वासुदेवः प्रतापवान् ॥BORI: १-०६१-९०॥

The mighty Vasudeva, who lived among men, was a portion of the eternal Narayana, known as the God of gods. (BORI: 1-061-90)

[PV-OTH:01_007_276]

शेषस्यांशस्तु नागस्य बलदेवो महाबलः । सनत्कुमारं प्रद्युम्नं विद्धि राजन्महौजसम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-९१॥

The immensely powerful Baladeva was a portion of the serpent Śeṣa. O king, know the mighty Pradyumna to be Sanatkumāra. (BORI: 1-061-91)

[PV-OTH:01_007_277]

एवमन्ये मनुष्येन्द्र बहवोंऽशा दिवौकसाम् । जज्ञिरे वसुदेवस्य कुले कुलविवर्धनाः ॥BORI: १-०६१-९२॥

Thus, O king of men, many other portions of the gods were born into Vasudeva’s family, furthering its lineage. (BORI: 1-061-92)

[PV-OTH:01_007_278]

गणस्त्वप्सरसां यो वै मया राजन्प्रकीर्तितः । तस्य भागः क्षितौ जज्ञे नियोगाद्वासवस्य च ॥BORI: १-०६१-९३॥

But a portion of the host of Apsarases that I have mentioned, O king, was also born on earth at Indra’s command. (BORI: 1-061-93)

[PV-OTH:01_007_279]

तानि षोडश देवीनां सहस्राणि नराधिप । बभूवुर्मानुषे लोके नारायणपरिग्रहः ॥BORI: १-०६१-९४॥

Those sixteen thousand divine women, O king, became Narayana’s wives in the human world. (BORI: 1-061-94)

[PV-OTH:01_007_280]

श्रियस्तु भागः सञ्जज्ञे रत्यर्थं पृथिवीतले । द्रुपदस्य कुले कन्या वेदिमध्यादनिन्दिता ॥BORI: १-०६१-९५॥

A portion of Śrī was born on earth for delight—a faultless maiden in Drupada’s line, arising from the midst of the sacrificial altar. (BORI: 1-061-95)

[PV-OTH:01_007_281]

नातिह्रस्वा न महती नीलोत्पलसुगन्धिनी । पद्मायताक्षी सुश्रोणी असितायतमूर्धजा ॥BORI: १-०६१-९६॥

Neither too short nor too tall, fragrant as a blue lotus, with long lotus-like eyes, shapely hips, and long black hair... (BORI: 1-061-96)

[PV-OTH:01_007_282]

सर्वलक्षणसम्पन्ना वैडूर्यमणिसंनिभा । पञ्चानां पुरुषेन्द्राणां चित्तप्रमथिनी रहः ॥BORI: १-०६१-९७॥

endowed with every auspicious mark, resembling a beryl gem, and secretly captivating the hearts of the five foremost men. (BORI: 1-061-97)

[PV-OTH:01_007_283]

सिद्धिर्धृतिश्च ये देव्यौ पञ्चानां मातरौ तु ते । कुन्ती माद्री च जज्ञाते मतिस्तु सुबलात्मजा ॥BORI: १-०६१-९८॥

The goddesses Siddhi and Dhriti, the mothers of the five, were born as Kunti and Madri, while Mati was born as Subala’s daughter. (BORI: 1-061-98)

[PV-OTH:01_007_284]

इति देवासुराणां ते गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा । अंशावतरणं राजन्राक्षसानां च कीर्तितम् ॥BORI: १-०६१-९९॥

Thus, O king, the descent of portions of the gods, Asuras, Gandharvas, Apsarases, and Rakshasas has been recounted to you. (BORI: 1-061-99)

[PV-OTH:01_007_285]

ये पृथिव्यां समुद्भूता राजानो युद्धदुर्मदाः । महात्मानो यदूनां च ये जाता विपुले कुले ॥BORI: १-०६१-१००॥

those kings who arose on earth, fierce in battle, and the great souls who were born into the mighty lineage of the Yadus. (BORI: 1-061-100)

[PV-OTH:01_007_286]

धन्यं यशस्यं पुत्रीयमायुष्यं विजयावहम् । इदमंशावतरणं श्रोतव्यमनसूयता ॥BORI: १-०६१-१०१॥

This Descent of the Portions, auspicious and fame-bestowing, granting sons and long life and bringing victory, should be heard without finding fault. (BORI: 1-061-101)

[PV-OTH:01_007_287]

अंशावतरणं श्रुत्वा देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् । प्रभवाप्ययवित्प्राज्ञो न कृच्छ्रेष्ववसीदति ॥BORI: १-०६१-१०२॥

The wise man who, knowing the origins and ends of things, hears of the incarnations of the gods, Gandharvas, and Rakshasas does not lose heart in adversity. (BORI: 1-061-102)

[PV-OTH:01_007_288]

Supplementary Verses from Other Witnesses.

सिंहव्याघ्रमृगाणां च पन्नगानां पतत्त्रिणाम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-१; NILA: ०१.०६७.००१॥

and of lions, tigers, deer, serpents, and birds… (KUMB: 1-68-1; NILA: 01.067.001)

[PV-SVO:01_007_289]

कुपटस्तु महावीर्यः श्रीमान्राजन्महासुरः ॥KUMB: १-६८-२८; NILA: ०१.०६७.०२८॥

But Kupaṭa, O king—the mighty and illustrious great Asura—… (KUMB: 1-68-28; NILA: 01.067.028)

[PV-SVO:01_007_290]

सुपार्श्व इति विख्यातः क्षितौ जज्ञे महीपतिः । कपटस्तु राजन्राजर्षिः क्षितौ जज्ञे महासुरः ॥KUMB: १-६८-२९; NILA: ०१.०६७.०२९॥

He was born on earth as the king renowned as Suparshva. The great Asura Kapata, in turn, O king, was born on earth as a royal seer… (KUMB: 1-68-29; NILA: 01.067.029)

[PV-SVO:01_007_291]

पार्वतेय इति ख्यातः काञ्चनाचलसन्निभः ॥KUMB: १-६८-३०; NILA: ०१.०६७.०३०॥

known as Parvateya and resembling a mountain of gold. (KUMB: 1-68-30; NILA: 01.067.030)

[PV-SVO:01_007_292]

चन्द्रवर्मेति विख्यातः काम्बोजानां नराधिपः ॥KUMB: १-६८-३२; NILA: ०१.०६७.०३२॥

the king of the Kambojas, renowned as Chandravarman. (KUMB: 1-68-32; NILA: 01.067.032)

[PV-SVO:01_007_293]

कुक्षिस्तु राजन्विख्यातो दानवानां महाबलः । पार्वतीय इति ख्यातः काञ्चनाचलसन्निभः ॥KUMB: १-६८-५६; NILA: ०१.०६७.०५६॥

Kukshi, O king, was a mighty and renowned Danava, known as Parvatiya and resembling a mountain of gold. (KUMB: 1-68-56; NILA: 01.067.056)

[PV-SVO:01_007_294]

क्रथनश्च महावीर्यः श्रीमान्राजा महासुरः । सूर्याक्ष इति विख्यातः क्षितौ जज्ञे महीपतिः ॥KUMB: १-६८-५७; NILA: ०१.०६७.०५७॥

The mighty and illustrious king Krathana, a great Asura, was born on earth as the ruler famed as Suryaksha. (KUMB: 1-68-57; NILA: 01.067.057)

[PV-SVO:01_007_295]

असुराणां तु यः सकूर्यः श्रीमांश्चैव महासुरः । दरदो नाम बाह्लीको वरः सर्वमहीक्षिताम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-५८; NILA: ०१.०६७.०५८॥

The illustrious great Asura who was known among the Asuras as Sakūrya was the Bāhlīka named Darada, foremost of all kings. (KUMB: 1-68-58; NILA: 01.067.058)

[PV-SVO:01_007_296]

कालनेमिरिति ख्यातो दानवानां महाबलः । स कंस इति विख्यात उग्रसेनसुतो बली ॥KUMB: १-६८-६७; NILA: ०१.०६७.०६७॥

The mighty one among the Danavas, known as Kalanemi, became renowned as Kamsa, the powerful son of Ugrasena. (KUMB: 1-68-67; NILA: 01.067.067)

[PV-SVO:01_007_297]

मरुतां तु गणाद्वीरः सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः । पाण्डुर्जज्ञे महाबाहुस्तव पूर्वपितामहः । तस्यैवावरजो भ्राता महासत्वो महाबलः ॥KUMB: १-६८-८५; NILA: ०१.०६७.०८५॥

From the host of the Maruts was born Pandu, a mighty-armed hero, foremost of all warriors, and your forefather. His younger brother, a man of great spirit and immense strength... (KUMB: 1-68-85; NILA: 01.067.085)

[PV-SVO:01_007_298]

स पाण्डुरिति विख्यातः सत्यधर्मरतः शुचिः ॥NILA: ०१.०६७.०८६॥

He was renowned as Pandu, devoted to truth and righteousness, and pure. (NILA: 01.067.086)

[PV-SVO:01_007_299]

यस्यावतरणे राजन्सुरान्सोमोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-११३; NILA: ०१.०६७.११३॥

At his incarnation, O king, Soma said this to the gods: (KUMB: 1-68-113; NILA: 01.067.113)

[PV-SVO:01_007_300]

नाहं दद्यां प्रियं पुत्रं मम प्राणैर्गरीयसम् । समयः क्रियतामेष न शक्यमतिवर्तितुम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-११४; NILA: ०१.०६७.११४॥

“I will not give up my beloved son, who is dearer to me than life itself. Let this condition be made, for it cannot be transgressed.” (KUMB: 1-68-114; NILA: 01.067.114)

[PV-SVO:01_007_301]

सुरकार्यं हि नः कार्यमसुराणां क्षितौ वधः । तत्र यास्यत्ययं वर्चा न च स्थास्यति वै चिरम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-११५; NILA: ०१.०६७.११५॥

For we must carry out the gods’ task—the slaying of the Asuras on earth. This Varchas will go there, but he will not remain for long. (KUMB: 1-68-115; NILA: 01.067.115)

[PV-SVO:01_007_302]

ऐन्द्रिर्नरस्तु भविता यस्य नारायणः सखा ॥KUMB: १-६८-११६; NILA: ०१.०६७.११६॥

But Nara, Indra’s son, will be born, with Narayana as his friend. (KUMB: 1-68-116; NILA: 01.067.116)

[PV-SVO:01_007_303]

तस्यायं भविता पुत्रो बालो भुवि महारथः । ततः षोडशवर्षाणि स्थास्यत्यमरसत्तमाः ॥KUMB: १-६८-११७; NILA: ०१.०६७.११७॥

This boy will be his son, a mighty chariot-warrior on earth. O best of the immortals, he will remain there for sixteen years. (KUMB: 1-68-117; NILA: 01.067.117)

[PV-SVO:01_007_304]

अस्य षोडशवर्षस्य स सङ्ग्रामो भविष्यति । यत्रांशा वः करिष्यन्ति कर्म वीरनिषूदनम् ॥KUMB: १-६८-११८; NILA: ०१.०६७.११८॥

That battle will take place when he is sixteen years old, and in it your portions will perform the deed of slaying heroes. (KUMB: 1-68-118; NILA: 01.067.118)

[PV-SVO:01_007_305]

नरनारायणाभ्यां तु स सङ्ग्रामो विनाकृतः । चक्रव्यूहं समास्थाय योधयिष्यन्ति वःसुराः ॥KUMB: १-६८-११९; NILA: ०१.०६७.११९॥

But with Nara and Narayana absent from that battle, your portions, O gods, will take up the wheel formation and engage him in combat. (KUMB: 1-68-119; NILA: 01.067.119)

[PV-SVO:01_007_306]

विमुखाञ्छात्रवान्सर्वान्कारयिष्यति मे सुतः । बालः प्रविश्य च व्यूहमभेद्यं विचरिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२०; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२०॥

My son will put all the enemy warriors to flight. Though only a boy, he will enter the impenetrable battle formation and range through it. (KUMB: 1-68-120; NILA: 01.067.120)

[PV-SVO:01_007_307]

महारथानां वीराणां कदनं च करिष्यति । सर्वेषामेव शत्रूणां चतुर्थांशं नयिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२१; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२१॥

He will slaughter the heroic great chariot-warriors and send a full quarter of all the enemies... (KUMB: 1-68-121; NILA: 01.067.121)

[PV-SVO:01_007_308]

दिनार्धेन महाबाहुः प्रेतराजपुरं प्रति । ततो महारथैर्वीरैः समेत्य बहुशो रणे ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२२; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२२॥

within half a day, the mighty-armed one, toward the city of the King of the Dead. Then, after repeatedly encountering heroic great chariot-warriors in battle… (KUMB: 1-68-122; NILA: 01.067.122)

[PV-SVO:01_007_309]

दिनक्षये महाबाहुर्मया भूयः समेष्यति । एकं वंशकरं पुत्रं वीरं वै जनयिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२३; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२३॥

At the end of the day, the mighty-armed one will return to me. He will beget a single valiant son to continue the lineage. (KUMB: 1-68-123; NILA: 01.067.123)

[PV-SVO:01_007_310]

प्रनष्टं भारतं वंशं स भूयो धारयिष्यति । एतत्सोमवचः श्रुत्वा तथास्त्विति दिवौकसः ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२४; KUMB: १-६८-१२४क्ष्; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२४॥

He will once again preserve the vanished Bharata lineage. On hearing these words of Soma, the gods—“So be it,”... (KUMB: 1-68-124; KUMB: 1-68-124क्ष्; NILA: 01.067.124)

[PV-SVO:01_007_311]

प्रत्यूचुः सहिताः सर्वे ताराधिपमपूजयन् । एवं ते कथितं राजंस्तव जन्म पितुः पितुः ॥KUMB: १-६८-१२५; NILA: ०१.०६७.१२५॥

They all replied together and honored the lord of the stars. Thus, O king, the birth of your father’s father has been related to you. (KUMB: 1-68-125; NILA: 01.067.125)

[PV-SVO:01_007_312]

भीष्मकस्य कुले साध्वी रुक्मिणी नाम नामतः ॥KUMB: १-६८-१५६; NILA: ०१.०६७.१५६॥

in Bhishmaka’s family, a virtuous woman named Rukmini… (KUMB: 1-68-156; NILA: 01.067.156)

[PV-SVO:01_007_313]

द्रौपदीं त्वथ सञ्जज्ञे शचीभागादनिन्दिता ॥NILA: ०१.०६७.१५७॥

Then the blameless Draupadi was born from a portion of Shachi. (NILA: 01.067.157)

[PV-SVO:01_007_314]

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या मया ते परिकीर्तिताः ॥KUMB: १-६८-१६३; NILA: ०१.०६७.१६३॥

I have now named for you the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas. (KUMB: 1-68-163; NILA: 01.067.163)

[PV-SVO:01_007_315]