Chapter 8: Śakuntalā’s birth from Viśvāmitra and Menakā; her Gandharva marriage with Duḥṣanta, Bharata’s birth and recognition, and the rise of the Bhārata lineage.
त्वत्तः श्रुतमिदं ब्रह्मन्देवदानवरक्षसाम्। अंशावतरणं सम्यग्गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा ॥BORI: १-६२-१॥
From you, O Brahmin, I have heard a full account of the partial incarnations of the gods, Dānavas, Rākṣasas, Gandharvas, and Apsarases. (BORI: 1-62-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_1]
इमं तु भूय इच्छामि कुरूणां वंशमादितः। कथ्यमानं त्वया विप्र विप्रर्षिगणसंनिधौ ॥BORI: १-६२-२॥
But now, Brahmin, I wish to hear you recount the lineage of the Kurus from its beginning, in the presence of the assembled Brahmin seers. (BORI: 1-62-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_2]
पौरवाणां वंशकरो दुःषन्तो नाम वीर्यवान्। पृथिव्याश्चतुरन्ताया गोप्ता भरतसत्तम ॥BORI: १-६२-३॥
The mighty Duḥṣanta, perpetuator of the Paurava line, was the protector of the earth extending to its four quarters, O best of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-62-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_3]
चतुर्भागं भुवः कृत्स्नं स भुङ्क्ते मनुजेश्वरः। समुद्रावरणांश्चापि देशान्स समितिञ्जयः ॥BORI: १-६२-४॥
That king of men rules the entire fourth part of the earth, as well as the lands bounded by the ocean, victorious in battle. (BORI: 1-62-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_4]
आम्लेच्छाटविकान्सर्वान्स भुङ्क्ते रिपुमर्दनः। रत्नाकरसमुद्रान्तांश्चातुर्वर्ण्यजनावृतान् ॥BORI: १-६२-५॥
That crusher of foes rules over all the lands as far as those of the Mlecchas and forest peoples, extending to the ocean, the repository of jewels, and inhabited by people of the four social classes. (BORI: 1-62-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_5]
न वर्णसङ्करकरो नाकृष्यकरकृज्जनः। न पापकृत्कश्चिदासीत्तस्मिन्राजनि शासति ॥BORI: १-६२-६॥
While that king ruled, no one caused the mixing of social classes, evaded the payment of taxes, or committed sin. (BORI: 1-62-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_6]
धर्म्यां रतिं सेवमाना धर्मार्थावभिपेदिरे। तदा नरा नरव्याघ्र तस्मिञ्जनपदेश्वरे ॥BORI: १-६२-७॥
At that time, O tiger among men, under that lord of the realm, the people enjoyed lawful pleasures and attained righteousness and prosperity. (BORI: 1-62-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_7]
नासीच्चोरभयं तात न क्षुधाभयमण्वपि। नासीद्व्याधिभयं चापि तस्मिञ्जनपदेश्वरे ॥BORI: १-६२-८॥
Dear one, under that king there was no fear of thieves, not even the slightest fear of hunger, nor was there any fear of disease. (BORI: 1-62-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_8]
स्वैर्धर्मै रेमिरे वर्णा दैवे कर्मणि निःस्पृहाः। तमाश्रित्य महीपालमासंश्चैवाकुतोभयाः ॥BORI: १-६२-९॥
The social orders delighted in their respective duties and performed rites for the gods without selfish desire. Relying on that king, they lived entirely free from fear. (BORI: 1-62-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_9]
कालवर्षी च पर्जन्यः सस्यानि फलवन्ति च। सर्वरत्नसमृद्धा च मही वसुमती तदा ॥BORI: १-६२-१०॥
Then the rain god sent rain at the proper time, the crops bore fruit, and the rich earth abounded in every kind of treasure. (BORI: 1-62-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_10]
स चाद्भुतमहावीर्यो वज्रसंहननो युवा। उद्यम्य मन्दरं दोर्भ्यां हरेत्सवनकाननम् ॥BORI: १-६२-११॥
That young man, wondrously powerful and built as solidly as a thunderbolt, could lift Mount Mandara in his arms and carry it away with all its woods and forests. (BORI: 1-62-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_11]
धनुष्यथ गदायुद्धे त्सरुप्रहरणेषु च। नागपृष्ठेऽश्वपृष्ठे च बभूव परिनिष्ठितः ॥BORI: १-६२-१२॥
He became highly proficient in archery, mace fighting, and the use of sword-hilted weapons, as well as in riding elephants and horses. (BORI: 1-62-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_12]
बले विष्णुसमश्चासीत्तेजसा भास्करोपमः। अक्षुब्धत्वेऽर्णवसमः सहिष्णुत्वे धरासमः ॥BORI: १-६२-१३॥
In strength he was equal to Vishnu, in splendor like the sun, in steadfastness like the ocean, and in forbearance like the earth. (BORI: 1-62-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_13]
संमतः स महीपालः प्रसन्नपुरराष्ट्रवान्। भूयो धर्मपरैर्भावैर्विदितं जनमावसत् ॥BORI: १-६२-१४॥
That esteemed king, whose cities and countryside were prosperous, lived among a people widely known for their devotion to righteousness. (BORI: 1-62-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_14]
भगवन्विस्तरेणेह भरतस्य महात्मनः । जन्म कर्म च सुश्रूषोस्तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-८९-१॥
Revered sir, I wish to hear in detail about the birth and deeds of the great-souled Bharata. Please relate them to me. (KUMB: 1-89-1)
[PV-SVO:01_008_15]
स्वकर्मनिरता विप्रा नानृतं तेषु विद्यते ॥KUMB: १-८९-१०; NILA: ०१.०६८.०११॥
The Brahmins were devoted to their own duties, and there was no falsehood among them. (KUMB: 1-89-10; NILA: 01.068.011)
[PV-SVO:01_008_16]
स कदाचिन्महाबाहुः प्रभूतबलवाहनः। वनं जगाम गहनं हयनागशतैर्वृतः ॥BORI: १-६३-१॥
One day, the mighty-armed king, with abundant forces and vehicles, went into a dense forest, accompanied by hundreds of horses and elephants. (BORI: 1-63-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_17]
खड्गशक्तिधरैर्वीरैर्गदामुसलपाणिभिः। प्रासतोमरहस्तैश्च ययौ योधशतैर्वृतः ॥BORI: १-६३-२॥
He went forth surrounded by hundreds of warriors bearing swords and spears, wielding clubs and maces, and carrying javelins and lances. (BORI: 1-63-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_18]
सिंहनादैश्च योधानां शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिस्वनैः। रथनेमिस्वनैश्चापि सनागवरबृंहितैः ॥BORI: १-६३-३॥
with the warriors’ lion-roars, the blare of conches and drums, the rumbling of chariot wheels, and the trumpeting of mighty elephants… (BORI: 1-63-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_19]
हेषितस्वनमिश्रैश्च क्ष्वेडितास्फोटितस्वनैः। आसीत्किलकिलाशब्दस्तस्मिन्गच्छति पार्थिवे ॥BORI: १-६३-४॥
And amid neighing, shouts, and the slapping of arms, a great uproar arose as that king proceeded. (BORI: 1-63-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_20]
प्रासादवरशृङ्गस्थाः परया नृपशोभया। ददृशुस्तं स्त्रियस्तत्र शूरमात्मयशस्करम् ॥BORI: १-६३-५॥
The women there, standing atop the pinnacles of magnificent palaces, saw that hero in all his supreme royal splendor, winning glory for himself. (BORI: 1-63-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_21]
शक्रोपमममित्रघ्नं परवारणवारणम्। पश्यन्तः स्त्रीगणास्तत्र शस्त्रपाणिं स्म मेनिरे ॥BORI: १-६३-६॥
Seeing him there, like Shakra, a slayer of foes who could repel the enemy’s elephants, and with weapon in hand, the groups of women thought… (BORI: 1-63-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_22]
अयं स पुरुषव्याघ्रो रणेऽद्भुतपराक्रमः। यस्य बाहुबलं प्राप्य न भवन्त्यसुहृद्गणाः ॥BORI: १-६३-७॥
This is that tiger among men, of wondrous valor in battle; once they encounter the strength of his arms, hosts of enemies cease to exist. (BORI: 1-63-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_23]
इति वाचो ब्रुवन्त्यस्ताः स्त्रियः प्रेम्णा नराधिपम्। तुष्टुवुः पुष्पवृष्टीश्च ससृजुस्तस्य मूर्धनि ॥BORI: १-६३-८॥
Speaking such words, the women lovingly praised the king and showered flowers upon his head. (BORI: 1-63-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_24]
तत्र तत्र च विप्रेन्द्रैः स्तूयमानः समन्ततः। निर्ययौ परया प्रीत्या वनं मृगजिघांसया ॥BORI: १-६३-९॥
Praised on every side by eminent Brahmins here and there, he set out for the forest in the highest spirits, intent on hunting deer. (BORI: 1-63-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_25]
सुदूरमनुजग्मुस्तं पौरजानपदास्तदा। न्यवर्तन्त ततः पश्चादनुज्ञाता नृपेण ह ॥BORI: १-६३-१०॥
The townspeople and country folk followed him a very long way; then, with the king’s permission, they turned back. (BORI: 1-63-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_26]
सुपर्णप्रतिमेनाथ रथेन वसुधाधिपः। महीमापूरयामास घोषेण त्रिदिवं तथा ॥BORI: १-६३-११॥
Then the lord of the earth, riding in a chariot resembling Suparna, filled the earth and the heavens with its rumbling. (BORI: 1-63-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_27]
स गच्छन्ददृशे धीमान्नन्दनप्रतिमं वनम्। बिल्वार्कखदिराकीर्णं कपित्थधवसङ्कुलम् ॥BORI: १-६३-१२॥
As he traveled, the wise king saw a forest resembling Nandana, thick with bilva, arka, and khadira trees and crowded with kapittha and dhava trees. (BORI: 1-63-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_28]
विषमं पर्वतप्रस्थैरश्मभिश्च समावृतम्। निर्जलं निर्मनुष्यं च बहुयोजनमायतम् । मृगसङ्घैर्वृतं घोरैरन्यैश्चापि वनेचरैः ॥BORI: १-६३-१३॥
rugged with mountain plateaus and strewn with rocks, waterless and uninhabited, extending for many yojanas, and filled with herds of fierce beasts and other forest creatures. (BORI: 1-63-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_29]
तद्वनं मनुजव्याघ्रः सभृत्यबलवाहनः। लोडयामास दुःषन्तः सूदयन्विविधान्मृगान् ॥BORI: १-६३-१४॥
Duhshanta, tiger among men, ranged through that forest with his attendants, army, and vehicles, slaying many kinds of wild animals. (BORI: 1-63-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_30]
बाणगोचरसम्प्राप्तांस्तत्र व्याघ्रगणान्बहून्। पातयामास दुःषन्तो निर्बिभेद च सायकैः ॥BORI: १-६३-१५॥
There Duhshanta struck down many tigers that came within bowshot and pierced them with his arrows. (BORI: 1-63-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_31]
दूरस्थान्सायकैः कांश्चिदभिनत्स नरर्षभः। अभ्याशमागतांश्चान्यान्खड्गेन निरकृन्तत ॥BORI: १-६३-१६॥
The bull among men pierced some from afar with arrows, while others that came near he cut down with his sword. (BORI: 1-63-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_32]
कांश्चिदेणान्स निर्जघ्ने शक्त्या शक्तिमतां वरः। गदामण्डलतत्त्वज्ञश्चचारामितविक्रमः ॥BORI: १-६३-१७॥
The foremost of the mighty killed some blackbucks with his spear. Possessed of boundless prowess and versed in the circular maneuvers of mace-fighting, he ranged about. (BORI: 1-63-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_33]
तोमरैरसिभिश्चापि गदामुसलकर्पणैः। चचार स विनिघ्नन्वै वन्यांस्तत्र मृगद्विजान् ॥BORI: १-६३-१८॥
With javelins, swords, a mace, a club, and a sling, he roamed about, slaying the wild beasts and birds there. (BORI: 1-63-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_34]
राज्ञा चाद्भुतवीर्येण योधैश्च समरप्रियैः। लोड्यमानं महारण्यं तत्यजुश्च महामृगाः ॥BORI: १-६३-१९॥
The great beasts, too, abandoned the vast forest as it was being ravaged by the king of wondrous valor and his battle-loving warriors. (BORI: 1-63-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_35]
तत्र विद्रुतसङ्घानि हतयूथपतीनि च। मृगयूथान्यथौत्सुक्याच्छब्दं चक्रुस्ततस्ततः ॥BORI: १-६३-२०॥
Then the scattered herds of deer, their leaders slain, cried out in distress here and there. (BORI: 1-63-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_36]
शुष्कां चापि नदीं गत्वा जलनैराश्यकर्शिताः। व्यायामक्लान्तहृदयाः पतन्ति स्म विचेतसः ॥BORI: १-६३-२१॥
Reaching even a dried-up river, they were emaciated by despair at finding no water; their hearts exhausted by exertion, they collapsed unconscious. (BORI: 1-63-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_37]
क्षुत्पिपासापरीताश्च श्रान्ताश्च पतिता भुवि। केचित्तत्र नरव्याघ्रैरभक्ष्यन्त बुभुक्षितैः ॥BORI: १-६३-२२॥
Overcome by hunger and thirst, exhausted and fallen to the ground, some of them were devoured there by hungry tigers among men. (BORI: 1-63-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_38]
केचिदग्निमथोत्पाद्य समिध्य च वनेचराः। भक्षयन्ति स्म मांसानि प्रकुट्य विधिवत्तदा ॥BORI: १-६३-२३॥
Some forest wanderers made a fire and stoked it; then, after cutting up the meat in the proper manner, they ate it. (BORI: 1-63-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_39]
तत्र केचिद्गजा मत्ता बलिनः शस्त्रविक्षताः। सङ्कोच्याग्रकरान्भीताः प्रद्रवन्ति स्म वेगिताः ॥BORI: १-६३-२४॥
There, some mighty, rutting elephants, wounded by weapons, fearfully curled up the tips of their trunks and fled at great speed. (BORI: 1-63-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_40]
शकृन्मूत्रं सृजन्तश्च क्षरन्तः शोणितं बहु। वन्या गजवरास्तत्र ममृदुर्मनुजान्बहून् ॥BORI: १-६३-२५॥
Voiding dung and urine and streaming abundant blood, the great wild elephants there trampled many men. (BORI: 1-63-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_41]
तद्वनं बलमेघेन शरधारेण संवृतम्। व्यरोचन्महिषाकीर्णं राज्ञा हतमहामृगम् ॥BORI: १-६३-२६॥
That forest, enveloped by a cloud of troops and a shower of arrows, strewn with buffaloes and with its great beasts slain by the king, shone resplendent. (BORI: 1-63-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_42]
संभवं भरतस्याहं चरितं च महामतेः । शकुन्तलायाश्चोत्पत्तिं श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥KUMB: १-९०-१; NILA: ०१.०६९.००१॥
I wish to hear the true account of Bharata’s birth and the deeds of that great-minded man, as well as the origin of Shakuntala. (KUMB: 1-90-1; NILA: 01.069.001)
[PV-SVO:01_008_43]
दुष्यन्तेन च वीरेण यथा प्राप्ता शकुन्तला । तं वै पुरुषसिंहस्य भगवन्विस्तरं त्वहम् ॥KUMB: १-९०-२; NILA: ०१.०६९.००२॥
and how Śakuntalā was won by the heroic Duṣyanta—that detailed account of the lion among men, venerable sir, I… (KUMB: 1-90-2; NILA: 01.069.002)
[PV-SVO:01_008_44]
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वज्ञ सर्वं मतिमतां वर ॥KUMB: १-९०-३; NILA: ०१.०६९.००३॥
I wish to hear the whole account, O knower of truth, foremost of the wise. (KUMB: 1-90-3; NILA: 01.069.003)
[PV-SVO:01_008_45]
बलेन चतुरङ्गेण वृतः परमवल्गुना ॥KUMB: १-९०-४; NILA: ०१.०६९.००४॥
surrounded by an exceedingly splendid fourfold army… (KUMB: 1-90-4; NILA: 01.069.004)
[PV-SVO:01_008_46]
नानायुधधरैश्चापि नानावेषधरैस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-९०-७; NILA: ०१.०६९.००७॥
and also by men bearing various weapons and wearing various kinds of attire... (KUMB: 1-90-7; NILA: 01.069.007)
[PV-SVO:01_008_47]
तं देवराजप्रतिमं मत्तवारणधूर्गतम् ॥KUMB: १-९०-१३; NILA: ०१.०६९.०१३॥
him, resembling the king of the gods, mounted on a rutting elephant… (KUMB: 1-90-13; NILA: 01.069.013)
[PV-SVO:01_008_48]
द्विजक्षत्रियविट्शूद्रा निर्यान्तमनुजग्मिरे । ददृशुर्वर्धमानास्ते आशीर्भिश्च जयेन च ॥KUMB: १-९०-१४; NILA: ०१.०६९.०१४॥
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras followed him as he departed; rejoicing, they watched him with blessings and cries of “Victory!” (KUMB: 1-90-14; NILA: 01.069.014)
[PV-SVO:01_008_49]
ततो मृगसहस्राणि हत्वा विपुलवाहनः। राजा मृगप्रसङ्गेन वनमन्यद्विवेश ह ॥BORI: १-६४-१॥
Then, after killing thousands of deer, the king with his vast retinue entered another forest in pursuit of game. (BORI: 1-64-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_50]
एक एवोत्तमबलः क्षुत्पिपासासमन्वितः। स वनस्यान्तमासाद्य महदीरिणमासदत् ॥BORI: १-६४-२॥
Alone, the mighty king, afflicted by hunger and thirst, reached the edge of the forest and came upon a vast desert. (BORI: 1-64-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_51]
तच्चाप्यतीत्य नृपतिरुत्तमाश्रमसंयुतम्। मनःप्रह्लादजननं दृष्टिकान्तमतीव च । शीतमारुतसंयुक्तं जगामान्यन्महद्वनम् ॥BORI: १-६४-३॥
After crossing that as well, the king entered another vast forest, filled with excellent hermitages, gladdening the heart, exceedingly pleasing to the eye, and cooled by gentle breezes. (BORI: 1-64-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_52]
पुष्पितैः पादपैः कीर्णमतीव सुखशाद्वलम्। विपुलं मधुरारावैर्नादितं विहगैस्तथा ॥BORI: १-६४-४॥
strewn with flowering trees, with exceedingly pleasant grass, vast and resonant with the sweet calls of birds, (BORI: 1-64-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_53]
प्रवृद्धविटपैर्वृक्षैः सुखच्छायैः समावृतम्। षट्पदाघूर्णितलतं लक्ष्म्या परमया युतम् ॥BORI: १-६४-५॥
covered with trees whose spreading branches gave pleasant shade, its vines swaying with bees, and endowed with surpassing beauty. (BORI: 1-64-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_54]
नापुष्पः पादपः कश्चिन्नाफलो नापि कण्टकी। षट्पदैर्वाप्यनाकीर्णस्तस्मिन्वै काननेऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-६४-६॥
In that forest, there was not a single tree without flowers or fruit, nor any that was thorny or not swarming with bees. (BORI: 1-64-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_55]
विहगैर्नादितं पुष्पैरलङ्कृतमतीव च। सर्वर्तुकुसुमैर्वृक्षैरतीव सुखशाद्वलम् । मनोरमं महेष्वासो विवेश वनमुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-६४-७॥
The great archer entered that superb and delightful forest, resonant with birds, richly adorned with flowers, and filled with trees bearing blossoms of every season and exceedingly pleasant grassy glades. (BORI: 1-64-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_56]
मारुतागलितास्तत्र द्रुमाः कुसुमशालिनः। पुष्पवृष्टिं विचित्रां स्म व्यसृजंस्ते पुनः पुनः ॥BORI: १-६४-८॥
There, the flowering trees, stirred by the wind, repeatedly showered him with a wondrous rain of blossoms. (BORI: 1-64-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_57]
दिवस्पृशोऽथ सङ्घुष्टाः पक्षिभिर्मधुरस्वरैः। विरेजुः पादपास्तत्र विचित्रकुसुमाम्बराः ॥BORI: १-६४-९॥
There the sky-touching trees, filled with the calls of sweet-voiced birds and clad in a mantle of many-hued blossoms, shone resplendent. (BORI: 1-64-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_58]
तेषां तत्र प्रवालेषु पुष्पभारावनामिषु। रुवन्ति रावं विहगाः षट्पदैः सहिता मृदु ॥BORI: १-६४-१०॥
There, among their tender shoots bowed down by the weight of blossoms, birds accompanied by bees sing softly. (BORI: 1-64-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_59]
तत्र प्रदेशांश्च बहून्कुसुमोत्करमण्डितान्। लतागृहपरिक्षिप्तान्मनसः प्रीतिवर्धनान् । सम्पश्यन्स महातेजा बभूव मुदितस्तदा ॥BORI: १-६४-११॥
Seeing there many places adorned with masses of flowers, enclosed by bowers of vines, and delighting the heart, the mighty one rejoiced. (BORI: 1-64-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_60]
परस्पराश्लिष्टशाखैः पादपैः कुसुमाचितैः। अशोभत वनं तत्तैर्महेन्द्रध्वजसंनिभैः ॥BORI: १-६४-१२॥
That forest shone with flowering trees whose branches intertwined, resembling the banners of Mahendra. (BORI: 1-64-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_61]
सुखशीतः सुगन्धी च पुष्परेणुवहोऽनिलः। परिक्रामन्वने वृक्षानुपैतीव रिरंसया ॥BORI: १-६४-१३॥
The pleasantly cool, fragrant breeze, bearing flower pollen, roamed through the forest and seemed to approach the trees as if wishing to sport with them. (BORI: 1-64-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_62]
एवङ्गुणसमायुक्तं ददर्श स वनं नृपः। नदीकच्छोद्भवं कान्तमुच्छ्रितध्वजसंनिभम् ॥BORI: १-६४-१४॥
The king saw that lovely forest, endowed with such qualities, growing on the riverbank and resembling a lofty banner. (BORI: 1-64-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_63]
प्रेक्षमाणो वनं तत्तु सुप्रहृष्टविहङ्गमम्। आश्रमप्रवरं रम्यं ददर्श च मनोरमम् ॥BORI: १-६४-१५॥
As he gazed at that forest, where the birds were exceedingly joyful, he saw a splendid hermitage, beautiful and enchanting. (BORI: 1-64-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_64]
नानावृक्षसमाकीर्णं सम्प्रज्वलितपावकम्। यतिभिर्वालखिल्यैश्च वृतं मुनिगणान्वितम् ॥BORI: १-६४-१६॥
filled with many kinds of trees, its fires blazing, surrounded by ascetics and Vālakhilyas, and thronged with hosts of sages... (BORI: 1-64-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_65]
अग्न्यागारैश्च बहुभिः पुष्पसंस्तरसंस्तृतम्। महाकच्छैर्बृहद्भिश्च विभ्राजितमतीव च ॥BORI: १-६४-१७॥
with many fire sanctuaries, carpeted with flowers, and made exceedingly splendid by vast, broad stretches of riverbank ... (BORI: 1-64-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_66]
मालिनीमभितो राजन्नदीं पुण्यां सुखोदकाम्। नैकपक्षिगणाकीर्णां तपोवनमनोरमाम् । तत्र व्यालमृगान्सौम्यान्पश्यन्प्रीतिमवाप सः ॥BORI: १-६४-१८॥
and all around it, O king, the sacred River Malini, with its pleasant waters, thronged with many flocks of birds and charming with its ascetic groves. There, seeing the gentle wild animals, he was delighted. (BORI: 1-64-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_67]
तं चाप्यतिरथः श्रीमानाश्रमं प्रत्यपद्यत। देवलोकप्रतीकाशं सर्वतः सुमनोहरम् ॥BORI: १-६४-१९॥
The illustrious mighty warrior reached that hermitage, which resembled the realm of the gods and was delightful in every way. (BORI: 1-64-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_68]
नदीमाश्रमसंश्लिष्टां पुण्यतोयां ददर्श सः। सर्वप्राणभृतां तत्र जननीमिव विष्ठिताम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२०॥
He saw a river flowing beside the hermitage, its waters sacred, lying there like the mother of all living beings. (BORI: 1-64-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_69]
सचक्रवाकपुलिनां पुष्पफेनप्रवाहिनीम्। सकिंनरगणावासां वानरर्क्षनिषेविताम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२१॥
with ruddy geese on its sandbanks, its current bearing flowers and foam, inhabited by hosts of Kinnaras and frequented by monkeys and bears. (BORI: 1-64-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_70]
पुण्यस्वाध्यायसङ्घुष्टां पुलिनैरुपशोभिताम्। मत्तवारणशार्दूलभुजगेन्द्रनिषेविताम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२२॥
resounding with sacred recitation, adorned with sandbanks, and frequented by rutting elephants, tigers, and mighty serpents… (BORI: 1-64-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_71]
नदीमाश्रमसम्बद्धां दृष्ट्वाश्रमपदं तथा। चकाराभिप्रवेशाय मतिं स नृपतिस्तदा ॥BORI: १-६४-२३॥
Seeing the river adjoining the hermitage, and the hermitage itself, the king then resolved to enter. (BORI: 1-64-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_72]
अलङ्कृतं द्वीपवत्या मालिन्या रम्यतीरया। नरनारायणस्थानं गङ्गयेवोपशोभितम्। मत्तबर्हिणसङ्घुष्टं प्रविवेश महद्वनम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२४॥
He entered the vast forest, adorned by the island-dotted Mālinī with her lovely banks as the abode of Nara and Nārāyaṇa is beautified by the Ganges, and echoing with the cries of excited peacocks. (BORI: 1-64-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_73]
तत्स चैत्ररथप्रख्यं समुपेत्य नरेश्वरः। अतीव गुणसम्पन्नमनिर्देश्यं च वर्चसा । महर्षिं काश्यपं द्रष्टुमथ कण्वं तपोधनम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२५॥
Having reached that forest, which resembled Chaitraratha, the king, in order to see the great seer Kanva—a descendant of Kasyapa, exceptionally virtuous, of indescribable splendor, and rich in ascetic power—… (BORI: 1-64-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_74]
रथिनीमश्वसम्बाधां पदातिगणसङ्कुलाम्। अवस्थाप्य वनद्वारि सेनामिदमुवाच सः ॥BORI: १-६४-२६॥
He stationed his army—thronged with chariots and horses and crowded with companies of foot soldiers—at the entrance to the forest, and said: (BORI: 1-64-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_75]
मुनिं विरजसं द्रष्टुं गमिष्यामि तपोधनम्। काश्यपं स्थीयतामत्र यावदागमनं मम ॥BORI: १-६४-२७॥
I shall go to see the stainless sage Kāśyapa, whose wealth is asceticism. Remain here until I return. (BORI: 1-64-27)
[PV-OTH:01_008_76]
तद्वनं नन्दनप्रख्यमासाद्य मनुजेश्वरः। क्षुत्पिपासे जहौ राजा हर्षं चावाप पुष्कलम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२८॥
Upon reaching that forest, which resembled Nandana, the lord of men was freed from hunger and thirst and filled with great joy. (BORI: 1-64-28)
[PV-OTH:01_008_77]
सामात्यो राजलिङ्गानि सोऽपनीय नराधिपः। पुरोहितसहायश्च जगामाश्रममुत्तमम् । दिदृक्षुस्तत्र तमृषिं तपोराशिमथाव्ययम् ॥BORI: १-६४-२९॥
The king removed his royal insignia and, accompanied by his ministers and priest, went to the excellent hermitage, wishing to see there that imperishable sage, a treasury of ascetic power. (BORI: 1-64-29)
[PV-OTH:01_008_78]
ब्रह्मलोकप्रतीकाशमाश्रमं सोऽभिवीक्ष्य च। षट्पदोद्गीतसङ्घुष्टं नानाद्विज गणायुतम् ॥BORI: १-६४-३०॥
And seeing the hermitage, which resembled Brahmā’s realm, echoed with the humming of bees, and teemed with many kinds of birds… (BORI: 1-64-30)
[PV-OTH:01_008_79]
ऋचो बह्वृचमुख्यैश्च प्रेर्यमाणाः पदक्रमैः। शुश्राव मनुजव्याघ्रो विततेष्विह कर्मसु ॥BORI: १-६४-३१॥
During the rites being performed there, the tiger among men heard the Ṛgvedic verses chanted by eminent Ṛgvedic scholars in the pada and krama modes. (BORI: 1-64-31)
[PV-OTH:01_008_80]
यज्ञविद्याङ्गविद्भिश्च क्रमद्भिश्च क्रमानपि। अमितात्मभिः सुनियतैः शुशुभे स तदाश्रमः ॥BORI: १-६४-३२॥
That hermitage then shone with disciplined men of boundless spirit, versed in the ancillary disciplines of sacrificial lore and reciting the sequential texts as well. (BORI: 1-64-32)
[PV-OTH:01_008_81]
अथर्ववेदप्रवराः पूगयाज्ञिक संमताः। संहितामीरयन्ति स्म पदक्रमयुतां तु ते ॥BORI: १-६४-३३॥
Those foremost in the Atharvaveda, esteemed by assemblies of ritualists, recited the Saṃhitā together with its pada and krama forms. (BORI: 1-64-33)
[PV-OTH:01_008_82]
शब्दसंस्कारसंयुक्तं ब्रुवद्भिश्चापरैर्द्विजैः। नादितः स बभौ श्रीमान्ब्रह्मलोक इवाश्रमः ॥BORI: १-६४-३४॥
Resounding with other Brahmins reciting with precise pronunciation, that splendid hermitage shone like the world of Brahmā. (BORI: 1-64-34)
[PV-OTH:01_008_83]
यज्ञसंस्कारविद्भिश्च क्रमशिक्षा विशारदैः। न्यायतत्त्वार्थविज्ञानसम्पन्नैर्वेदपारगैः ॥BORI: १-६४-३५॥
by those versed in the rites of sacrifice, skilled in the rules of sequential recitation, endowed with knowledge of the principles and meaning of logic, and thoroughly learned in the Vedas... (BORI: 1-64-35)
[PV-OTH:01_008_84]
नानावाक्यसमाहारसमवायविशारदैः। विशेषकार्यविद्भिश्च मोक्षधर्मपरायणैः ॥BORI: १-६४-३६॥
by those skilled in assembling and connecting diverse statements, knowledgeable about specific rites, and devoted to the law of liberation... (BORI: 1-64-36)
[PV-OTH:01_008_85]
स्थापनाक्षेपसिद्धान्तपरमार्थज्ञतां गतैः। लोकायतिकमुख्यैश्च समन्तादनुनादितम् ॥BORI: १-६४-३७॥
and by foremost Lokāyatikas who had mastered the true import of propositions, objections, and conclusions, it was made to resound on every side. (BORI: 1-64-37)
[PV-OTH:01_008_86]
तत्र तत्र च विप्रेन्द्रान्नियतान्संशितव्रतान्। जपहोमपरान्सिद्धान्ददर्श परवीरहा ॥BORI: १-६४-३८॥
Here and there, the slayer of enemy warriors saw eminent Brahmins who were disciplined, firm in their vows, devoted to recitation and oblations, and spiritually accomplished. (BORI: 1-64-38)
[PV-OTH:01_008_87]
आसनानि विचित्राणि पुष्पवन्ति महीपतिः। प्रयत्नोपहितानि स्म दृष्ट्वा विस्मयमागमत् ॥BORI: १-६४-३९॥
Seeing the various seats carefully arranged and strewn with flowers, the king was filled with wonder. (BORI: 1-64-39)
[PV-OTH:01_008_88]
देवतायतनानां च पूजां प्रेक्ष्य कृतां द्विजैः। ब्रह्मलोकस्थमात्मानं मेने स नृपसत्तमः ॥BORI: १-६४-४०॥
Seeing the worship of the temples performed by the Brahmins, that finest of kings thought himself to be in the world of Brahmā. (BORI: 1-64-40)
[PV-OTH:01_008_89]
स काश्यपतपोगुप्तमाश्रमप्रवरं शुभम्। नातृप्यत्प्रेक्षमाणो वै तपोधनगणैर्युतम् ॥BORI: १-६४-४१॥
He could not gaze his fill upon that splendid, foremost hermitage, protected by Kāśyapa’s ascetic power and thronged with ascetics rich in austerities. (BORI: 1-64-41)
[PV-OTH:01_008_90]
स काश्यपस्यायतनं महाव्रतै; र्वृतं समन्तादृषिभिस्तपोधनैः। विवेश सामात्यपुरोहितोऽरिहा; विविक्तमत्यर्थमनोहरं शिवम् ॥BORI: १-६४-४२॥
The destroyer of foes entered Kashyapa’s secluded, exceedingly delightful and auspicious abode, accompanied by his ministers and priest; it was surrounded on every side by sages rich in austerities who observed great vows. (BORI: 1-64-42)
[PV-OTH:01_008_91]
तत्र मेघघनप्रख्यं सिद्धचारणसेवितम् ॥KUMB: १-९१-१॥
There, a forest resembling a mass of clouds and frequented by Siddhas and Charanas... (KUMB: 1-91-1)
[PV-SVO:01_008_92]
वनमालोकयामास नगराद्योजनद्वये । मृगाननुचरन्वन्याञ्श्रमेण परिपीडितः ॥KUMB: १-९१-२॥
While pursuing wild deer, exhausted by the exertion, he saw a forest two yojanas from the city. (KUMB: 1-91-2)
[PV-SVO:01_008_93]
मृगाननुचरन्राजा वेगेनाश्वानचोदयत् ॥KUMB: १-९१-३॥
While pursuing the deer, the king urged the horses on swiftly. (KUMB: 1-91-3)
[PV-SVO:01_008_94]
पुंस्कोकिलनिनादैश्च झिल्लीकगणनादितम् ॥KUMB: १-९१-७; NILA: ०१.०७०.००५॥
resounding with the calls of male cuckoos and swarms of cicadas... (KUMB: 1-91-7; NILA: 01.070.005)
[PV-SVO:01_008_95]
सिद्धचारणसङ्घैश्च गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणैः । सेवितं वनमत्यर्थं मत्तवानरकिन्नरैः ॥KUMB: १-९१-१७; NILA: ०१.०७०.०१५॥
and a forest greatly frequented by hosts of Siddhas and Charanas, bands of Gandharvas and Apsarases, and intoxicated monkeys and Kinnaras. (KUMB: 1-91-17; NILA: 01.070.015)
[PV-SVO:01_008_96]
तस्यास्तीरे भगवतः काश्यपस्य महात्मनः । आश्रमप्रवरं रम्यं महर्षिगणसेवितम् ॥KUMB: १-९१-२९; NILA: ०१.०७०.०२७॥
On its bank, the delightful and excellent hermitage of the venerable, great-souled Kashyapa, frequented by hosts of great seers… (KUMB: 1-91-29; NILA: 01.070.027)
[PV-SVO:01_008_97]
विस्मयोत्फुल्लनयनो राजा प्रीतो बभूवह ॥KUMB: १-९१-३९॥
The king, his eyes wide with wonder, was delighted. (KUMB: 1-91-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_98]
मधुरैः सामगीतैश्च ऋषिभिर्नियतव्रतैः ॥KUMB: १-९१-४०; NILA: ०१.०७०.०३८॥
and by sweet Sāman chants sung by sages steadfast in their vows... (KUMB: 1-91-40; NILA: 01.070.038)
[PV-SVO:01_008_99]
भारुण्डसामगीताभिरथर्वशिरसोद्गतैः ॥KUMB: १-९१-४१; NILA: ०१.०७०.०३९॥
with chants of the Bhāruṇḍa Sāman, by those who had sprung from Atharvan’s head, (KUMB: 1-91-41; NILA: 01.070.039)
[PV-SVO:01_008_100]
शब्दच्छन्दोनिरुक्तज्ञैः कालज्ञानविशारदैः ॥KUMB: १-९१-४६; NILA: ०१.०७०.०४४॥
by experts in language, meter, and etymology, highly skilled in the reckoning of time; (KUMB: 1-91-46; NILA: 01.070.044)
[PV-SVO:01_008_101]
द्रव्यकर्मगुणज्ञैश्च कार्यकारणवेदिभिः । पक्षिवानररुतज्ञैश्च व्यासग्रन्थसमाश्रितैः ॥KUMB: १-९१-४७; NILA: ०१.०७०.०४५॥
by those versed in substances, actions, and qualities, who understood cause and effect, and by those who knew the cries of birds and monkeys and relied on Vyasa’s work… (KUMB: 1-91-47; NILA: 01.070.045)
[PV-SVO:01_008_102]
नानाशास्त्रेषु मुख्यैश्च शुश्राव स्वनमीरितम् ॥KUMB: १-९१-४८; NILA: ०१.०७०.०४६॥
and he heard the sound uttered by those foremost in many branches of learning. (KUMB: 1-91-48; NILA: 01.070.046)
[PV-SVO:01_008_103]
ततो गच्छन्महाबाहुरेकोऽमात्यान्विसृज्य तान्। नापश्यदाश्रमे तस्मिंस्तमृषिं संशितव्रतम् ॥BORI: १-६५-१॥
Then the mighty-armed man went on alone, having dismissed those ministers, but he did not see the sage of strict vows in that hermitage. (BORI: 1-65-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_104]
सोऽपश्यमानस्तमृषिं शून्यं दृष्ट्वा तमाश्रमम्। उवाच क इहेत्युच्चैर्वनं संनादयन्निव ॥BORI: १-६५-२॥
Not seeing the sage and finding the hermitage deserted, he cried out loudly, “Who is here?” as though making the forest resound. (BORI: 1-65-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_105]
श्रुत्वाथ तस्य तं शब्दं कन्या श्रीरिव रूपिणी। निश्चक्रामाश्रमात्तस्मात्तापसीवेषधारिणी ॥BORI: १-६५-३॥
Then, hearing his call, a maiden as lovely as Śrī emerged from the hermitage, dressed as an ascetic. (BORI: 1-65-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_106]
सा तं दृष्ट्वैव राजानं दुःषन्तमसितेक्षणा। स्वागतं त इति क्षिप्रमुवाच प्रतिपूज्य च ॥BORI: १-६५-४॥
As soon as the dark-eyed maiden saw King Duḥṣanta, she promptly honored him and said, “Welcome to you.” (BORI: 1-65-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_107]
आसनेनार्चयित्वा च पाद्येनार्घ्येण चैव हि। पप्रच्छानामयं राजन्कुशलं च नराधिपम् ॥BORI: १-६५-५॥
After honoring him with a seat, water for washing his feet, and a respectful offering, she asked the ruler of men about his health and well-being, O king. (BORI: 1-65-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_108]
यथावदर्चयित्वा सा पृष्ट्वा चानामयं तदा। उवाच स्मयमानेव किं कार्यं क्रियतामिति ॥BORI: १-६५-६॥
After duly honoring him and inquiring about his health, she said with a smile, “What shall I do for you?” (BORI: 1-65-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_109]
तामब्रवीत्ततो राजा कन्यां मधुरभाषिणीम्। दृष्ट्वा सर्वानवद्याङ्गीं यथावत्प्रतिपूजितः ॥BORI: १-६५-७॥
Then the king, duly honored, beheld the sweet-speaking maiden, flawless in every limb, and said to her: (BORI: 1-65-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_110]
आगतोऽहं महाभागमृषिं कण्वमुपासितुम्। क्व गतो भगवान्भद्रे तन्ममाचक्ष्व शोभने ॥BORI: १-६५-८॥
I have come to pay my respects to the illustrious sage Kanva. Where has his reverence gone, fair lady? Tell me, beautiful one. (BORI: 1-65-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_111]
गतः पिता मे भगवान्फलान्याहर्तुमाश्रमात्। मुहूर्तं सम्प्रतीक्षस्व द्रक्ष्यस्येनमिहागतम् ॥BORI: १-६५-९॥
My revered father has left the hermitage to gather fruit. Wait a little while, and you will see him return here. (BORI: 1-65-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_112]
अपश्यमानस्तमृषिं तया चोक्तस्तथा नृपः। तां च दृष्ट्वा वरारोहां श्रीमतीं चारुहासिनीम् ॥BORI: १-६५-१०॥
Not seeing the sage and having been addressed by her in this way, the king, on seeing that shapely, radiant woman with her lovely smile... (BORI: 1-65-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_113]
विभ्राजमानां वपुषा तपसा च दमेन च। रूपयौवनसम्पन्नामित्युवाच महीपतिः ॥BORI: १-६५-११॥
—radiant in form, austerity, and self-control, and endowed with beauty and youth—the king said: (BORI: 1-65-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_114]
कासि कस्यासि सुश्रोणि किमर्थं चागता वनम्। एवंरूपगुणोपेता कुतस्त्वमसि शोभने ॥BORI: १-६५-१२॥
Who are you, fair-hipped woman, and whose daughter are you? Why have you come to the forest? Blessed with such beauty and virtues, where do you come from, lovely one? (BORI: 1-65-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_115]
दर्शनादेव हि शुभे त्वया मेऽपहृतं मनः। इच्छामि त्वामहं ज्ञातुं तन्ममाचक्ष्व शोभने ॥BORI: १-६५-१३॥
At the mere sight of you, fair lady, my heart has been stolen away. I wish to know who you are; tell me that, beautiful one. (BORI: 1-65-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_116]
एवमुक्ता तदा कन्या तेन राज्ञा तदाश्रमे। उवाच हसती वाक्यमिदं सुमधुराक्षरम् ॥BORI: १-६५-१४॥
Thus addressed by the king in that hermitage, the maiden smiled and spoke these sweet words: (BORI: 1-65-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_117]
कण्वष्याहं भगवतो दुःषन्त दुहिता मता। तपस्विनो धृतिमतो धर्मज्ञस्य यशस्विनः ॥BORI: १-६५-१५॥
Duḥṣanta, I am known as the daughter of the blessed Kaṇva, the ascetic who is steadfast, righteous, and renowned. (BORI: 1-65-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_118]
ऊर्ध्वरेता महाभागो भगवाँल्लोकपूजितः। चलेद्धि वृत्ताद्धर्मोऽपि न चलेत्संशितव्रतः ॥BORI: १-६५-१६॥
The illustrious, blessed sage, revered by the world, is celibate. Even Dharma might stray from its course, but that man of strict vows would not. (BORI: 1-65-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_119]
कथं त्वं तस्य दुहिता सम्भूता वरवर्णिनी। संशयो मे महानत्र तं मे छेत्तुमिहार्हसि ॥BORI: १-६५-१७॥
How, then, did you, a beautiful woman, come to be his daughter? I have grave doubts about this; please dispel them for me here. (BORI: 1-65-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_120]
यथायमागमो मह्यं यथा चेदमभूत्पुरा। शृणु राजन्यथातत्त्वं यथास्मि दुहिता मुनेः ॥BORI: १-६५-१८॥
Hear, O king, the true account of how I learned of this, how it happened long ago, and how I am the sage’s daughter. (BORI: 1-65-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_121]
ऋषिः कश्चिदिहागम्य मम जन्माभ्यचोदयत्। तस्मै प्रोवाच भगवान्यथा तच्छृणु पार्थिव ॥BORI: १-६५-१९॥
A certain sage came here and asked about my birth. Hear, O king, what the venerable one told him. (BORI: 1-65-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_122]
तप्यमानः किल पुरा विश्वामित्रो महत्तपः। सुभृशं तापयामास शक्रं सुरगणेश्वरम् ॥BORI: १-६५-२०॥
Long ago, while Viśvāmitra was performing severe austerities, he greatly alarmed Śakra, the lord of the hosts of gods. (BORI: 1-65-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_123]
तपसा दीप्तवीर्योऽयं स्थानान्मां च्यावयेदिति। भीतः पुरंदरस्तस्मान्मेनकामिदमब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-६५-२१॥
Fearing that this man, his power blazing through austerity, might dislodge him from his position, Purandara therefore spoke these words to Menaka: (BORI: 1-65-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_124]
गुणैर्दिव्यैरप्सरसां मेनके त्वं विशिष्यसे। श्रेयो मे कुरु कल्याणि यत्त्वां वक्ष्यामि तच्छृणु ॥BORI: १-६५-२२॥
Menaka, you surpass the other Apsarases in divine qualities. Do me a service, lovely one; listen to what I am about to tell you. (BORI: 1-65-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_125]
असावादित्यसङ्काशो विश्वामित्रो महातपाः। तप्यमानस्तपो घोरं मम कम्पयते मनः ॥BORI: १-६५-२३॥
That great ascetic Vishvamitra, radiant as the sun, is practicing fearsome austerities and making my heart tremble. (BORI: 1-65-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_126]
मेनके तव भारोऽयं विश्वामित्रः सुमध्यमे। संशितात्मा सुदुर्धर्ष उग्रे तपसि वर्तते ॥BORI: १-६५-२४॥
Menaka, this task is yours: Viśvāmitra, O slender-waisted one, is self-controlled, extremely difficult to overcome, and engaged in fierce austerities. (BORI: 1-65-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_127]
स मां न च्यावयेत्स्थानात्तं वै गत्वा प्रलोभय। चर तस्य तपोविघ्नं कुरु मे प्रियमुत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-६५-२५॥
Lest he dislodge me from my position, go and entice him. Disrupt his austerities and do me the greatest favor. (BORI: 1-65-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_128]
रूपयौवनमाधुर्यचेष्टितस्मितभाषितैः। लोभयित्वा वरारोहे तपसः संनिवर्तय ॥BORI: १-६५-२६॥
Tempt him with your beauty, youth, sweetness, gestures, smiles, and speech, O lovely-hipped woman, and turn him away from his austerities. (BORI: 1-65-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_129]
महातेजाः स भगवान्सदैव च महातपाः। कोपनश्च तथा ह्येनं जानाति भगवानपि ॥BORI: १-६५-२७॥
That venerable man possesses immense power, is ever devoted to severe austerities, and is quick to anger—as Your Lordship also knows. (BORI: 1-65-27)
[PV-OTH:01_008_130]
तेजसस्तपसश्चैव कोपस्य च महात्मनः। त्वमप्युद्विजसे यस्य नोद्विजेयमहं कथम् ॥BORI: १-६५-२८॥
Even you are alarmed by that great man’s energy, austerity, and wrath; how could I not be alarmed? (BORI: 1-65-28)
[PV-OTH:01_008_131]
महाभागं वसिष्ठं यः पुत्रैरिष्टैर्व्ययोजयत्। क्षत्रे जातश्च यः पूर्वमभवद्ब्राह्मणो बलात् ॥BORI: १-६५-२९॥
who deprived the illustrious Vasiṣṭha of his beloved sons, and who, though born a Kṣatriya, became a Brahmin by sheer force; (BORI: 1-65-29)
[PV-OTH:01_008_132]
शौचार्थं यो नदीं चक्रे दुर्गमां बहुभिर्जलैः। यां तां पुण्यतमां लोके कौशिकीति विदुर्जनाः ॥BORI: १-६५-३०॥
who, for purification, created a river difficult to cross because of its abundant waters, which people know as the most sacred Kauśikī in the world; (BORI: 1-65-30)
[PV-OTH:01_008_133]
बभार यत्रास्य पुरा काले दुर्गे महात्मनः। दारान्मतङ्गो धर्मात्मा राजर्षिर्व्याधतां गतः ॥BORI: १-६५-३१॥
where, in former times of distress, the righteous Matanga—a royal sage who had become a hunter—supported the family of that great soul. (BORI: 1-65-31)
[PV-OTH:01_008_134]
अतीतकाले दुर्भिक्षे यत्रैत्य पुनराश्रमम्। मुनिः पारेति नद्या वै नाम चक्रे तदा प्रभुः ॥BORI: १-६५-३२॥
There, in ancient times during a famine, the lordly sage returned to the hermitage and named the river Pārā. (BORI: 1-65-32)
[PV-OTH:01_008_135]
मतङ्गं याजयां चक्रे यत्र प्रीतमनाः स्वयम्। त्वं च सोमं भयाद्यस्य गतः पातुं शुरेश्वर ॥BORI: १-६५-३३॥
where he himself, greatly pleased, officiated at a sacrifice for Matanga, and where you, O lord of the gods, went to drink Soma out of fear of him; (BORI: 1-65-33)
[PV-OTH:01_008_136]
अति नक्षत्रवंशांश्च क्रुद्धो नक्षत्रसम्पदा। प्रति श्रवणपूर्वाणि नक्षत्राणि ससर्ज यः ॥BORI: १-६५-३४॥
and who, enraged, created further hosts of stars—constellations beginning with Śravaṇa—to rival the splendor of the stars; (BORI: 1-65-34)
[PV-OTH:01_008_137]
एतानि यस्य कर्माणि तस्याहं भृशमुद्विजे। यथा मां न दहेत्क्रुद्धस्तथाज्ञापय मां विभो ॥BORI: १-६५-३५॥
Such are his deeds, and I am greatly afraid of him. Command me, mighty lord, so that he does not burn me in his anger. (BORI: 1-65-35)
[PV-OTH:01_008_138]
तेजसा निर्दहेल्लोकान्कम्पयेद्धरणीं पदा। सङ्क्षिपेच्च महामेरुं तूर्णमावर्तयेत्तथा ॥BORI: १-६५-३६॥
With his fiery power he could burn up the worlds, make the earth tremble with his foot, compress great Meru, and swiftly set it spinning. (BORI: 1-65-36)
[PV-OTH:01_008_139]
तादृशं तपसा युक्तं प्रदीप्तमिव पावकम्। कथमस्मद्विधा बाला जितेन्द्रियमभिस्पृशेत् ॥BORI: १-६५-३७॥
How could a young girl like me touch such a man, endowed with ascetic power, like a blazing fire, and master of his senses? (BORI: 1-65-37)
[PV-OTH:01_008_140]
हुताशनमुखं दीप्तं सूर्यचन्द्राक्षितारकम्। कालजिह्वं सुरश्रेष्ठ कथमस्मद्विधा स्पृशेत् ॥BORI: १-६५-३८॥
O best of the gods, how could someone like me touch that blazing one, who has fire for his mouth, the sun and moon for the pupils of his eyes, and Time for his tongue? (BORI: 1-65-38)
[PV-OTH:01_008_141]
यमश्च सोमश्च महर्षयश्च; साध्या विश्वे वालखिल्याश्च सर्वे। एतेऽपि यस्योद्विजन्ते प्रभावा; त्कस्मात्तस्मान्मादृशी नोद्विजेत ॥BORI: १-६५-३९॥
Yama, Soma, the great seers, and all the Sādhyas, Viśvedevas, and Vālakhilyas—even they shrink from his power. Why, then, should someone like me not fear him? (BORI: 1-65-39)
[PV-OTH:01_008_142]
त्वयैवमुक्ता च कथं समीप; मृषेर्न गच्छेयमहं सुरेन्द्र। रक्षां तु मे चिन्तय देवराज; यथा त्वदर्थं रक्षिताहं चरेयम् ॥BORI: १-६५-४०॥
Thus commanded by you, how could I fail to approach the sage, lord of the gods? But devise some protection for me, king of the gods, so that I may carry out your purpose in safety. (BORI: 1-65-40)
[PV-OTH:01_008_143]
कामं तु मे मारुतस्तत्र वासः; प्रक्रीडिताया विवृणोतु देव। भवेच्च मे मन्मथस्तत्र कार्ये; सहायभूतस्तव देवप्रसादात् ॥BORI: १-६५-४१॥
O god, may the wind uncover my garment there while I am at play, and by your favor may Manmatha assist me in that task. (BORI: 1-65-41)
[PV-OTH:01_008_144]
वनाच्च वायुः सुरभिः प्रवाये; त्तस्मिन्काले तमृषिं लोभयन्त्याः। तथेत्युक्त्वा विहिते चैव तस्मिं; स्ततो ययौ साश्रमं कौशिकस्य ॥BORI: १-६५-४२॥
“And may a fragrant wind blow from the forest while I am enticing that sage.” Once he had said, “So be it,” and this had been arranged, she went to Kaushika’s hermitage. (BORI: 1-65-42)
[PV-OTH:01_008_145]
सुप्रीताऽभ्यागतं तं तु पूज्यं प्राप्तमथेश्वरम् ॥KUMB: १-९२-४॥
Greatly delighted, she then approached the venerable lord who had arrived. (KUMB: 1-92-4)
[PV-SVO:01_008_146]
रूपयौवनसंपन्ना शीलाचारवती शुभा । सा तमायतपद्माक्षं व्यूढोरस्कं महाभुजम् ॥KUMB: १-९२-५॥
Lovely, endowed with beauty and youth, and possessed of good character and conduct, she… that broad-chested, mighty-armed man with large lotus-like eyes… (KUMB: 1-92-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_147]
सिंहस्कन्धं दीर्घबाहुं सर्वलक्षणपूजितम् । स्पृष्टं मधुरया वाचा साऽब्रवीज्जनमेजया ॥KUMB: १-९२-६॥
She addressed the lion-shouldered, long-armed man, honored with every auspicious mark, in a sweet voice, O Janamejaya, and said: (KUMB: 1-92-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_148]
आश्रमस्याभिगमने किं त्वं कार्यं चिकीर्षसि ॥KUMB: १-९२-९॥
What purpose do you wish to accomplish by coming to the hermitage? (KUMB: 1-92-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_149]
कस्त्वमद्येह संप्राप्तो महर्षेराश्रमं शुभम् ॥KUMB: १-९२-१०॥
Who are you, who have now come here to the great sage’s auspicious hermitage? (KUMB: 1-92-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_150]
राजर्षेस्तस्य पुत्रोऽहमिलिनस्य महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९२-११॥
I am the son of that great-souled royal seer Ilina. (KUMB: 1-92-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_151]
दुष्यन्त इति मे नाम सत्यं पुष्करलोचने ॥KUMB: १-९२-१२॥
My name is Duṣyanta, truly, lotus-eyed lady. (KUMB: 1-92-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_152]
स्थितोस्म्यमितसौभाग्ये विवक्षुश्चास्मि किंचन । शृणु मे नागनासोरु वचनं मत्तकाशिनि ॥KUMB: १-९२-१८॥
I am here, O woman of boundless good fortune, and I wish to say something. Listen to my words, O you whose thighs are like an elephant’s trunk, whose gait is languid. (KUMB: 1-92-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_153]
राजर्षेरन्वये जातः पूरोरस्मि विशेषतः । वृण्वे त्वामद्य सुश्रोणि दुष्यन्तो वरवर्णिनि ॥KUMB: १-९२-१९॥
I was born in the lineage of the royal sage Puru himself. I, Dushyanta, choose you today, O lovely-hipped, beautiful woman. (KUMB: 1-92-19)
[PV-SVO:01_008_154]
न मेऽन्यत्र क्षत्रियाया मनो जातु प्रवर्तते । ऋषिपुत्रीषु चान्यासु नावरासु परासु च ॥KUMB: १-९२-२०॥
My heart never inclines toward anyone but a Kshatriya woman, nor toward any other sage’s daughter, whether of lower or higher standing. (KUMB: 1-92-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_155]
तस्मात्प्रणिहितात्मानं विद्दि मां कलभाषिणि । यस्यां मे त्वयि भावोऽस्ति क्षत्रिया ह्यसि का वदा ॥KUMB: १-९२-२१॥
Therefore, sweet-voiced woman, know that my heart is firmly set on you. You, for whom I feel affection, are surely a Kshatriya woman. Tell me, who are you? (KUMB: 1-92-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_156]
न हि मे भीरु विप्रायां मनः प्रसहते गतिम् । भजे त्वामायतापाङ्गे भक्तं भजितुमर्हसि । भुङ्क्ष राज्यं विशालाक्षि बुद्धिं मात्वन्यथा कृथाः ॥KUMB: १-९२-२२॥
My heart cannot turn to a Brahmin woman, shy one. I love you, long-eyed lady; you should love one who loves you. Enjoy the kingdom, large-eyed lady, and do not think otherwise. (KUMB: 1-92-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_157]
अस्वतन्त्रास्मि राजेन्द्र काश्यपो मे गुरुः पिता । तमेव प्रार्थय स्वार्थं नायुक्तं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-९२-२५॥
I am not free to act independently, O king of kings; Kaśyapa, my father, is my guardian. Ask him himself for what you desire; you should not act improperly. (KUMB: 1-92-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_158]
अन्यथा सन्तमात्मानमन्यथा सत्सु भाषते ॥KUMB: १-९२-२८॥
One who presents himself to the virtuous as other than he really is… (KUMB: 1-92-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_159]
स पापेनावृतो मूर्खस्तेन आत्मापहारकः ॥KUMB: १-९२-२९॥
That fool is shrouded in sin and thereby robs himself. (KUMB: 1-92-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_160]
ऊर्ध्वरेता यथासि त्वं कुतस्त्वेयं शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-९२-३०॥
Since you are celibate, where then did this Shakuntala come from? (KUMB: 1-92-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_161]
पुत्री त्वत्तः कथं जाता तत्त्वं मे ब्रूहि काश्यप ॥KUMB: १-९२-३१॥
How, then, was this daughter Śakuntalā born to you? Tell me the truth, Kāśyapa. (KUMB: 1-92-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_162]
गुरुशापहतस्यापि त्रिशङ्कोः शरणं ददौ ॥KUMB: १-९२-४६; NILA: ०१.०७१.०३४॥
He gave refuge to Triśaṅku, though he had been struck down by his guru’s curse. (KUMB: 1-92-46; NILA: 01.071.034)
[PV-SVO:01_008_163]
ब्रह्मर्षिशापं राजर्षिः कथं मोक्ष्यति कौशिकः । अवमत्य तदा देवैर्यज्ञाङ्गं तद्विनाशितम् ॥KUMB: १-९२-४७॥
“How can Kauśika, a royal seer, free him from a Brahmarṣi’s curse?” Scorning him, the gods then destroyed that part of the sacrifice. (KUMB: 1-92-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_164]
अन्यानि च महातेजा यज्ञाङ्गान्यसृजत्प्रभुः । निनाय च तदा स्वर्गं त्रिशङ्कुं स महातपाः ॥KUMB: १-९२-४८॥
The mighty, radiant lord created other components of the sacrifice, and that great ascetic then conveyed Triśaṅku to heaven. (KUMB: 1-92-48)
[PV-SVO:01_008_165]
एवमुक्तस्तया शक्रः संदिदेश सदागतिम्। प्रातिष्ठत तदा काले मेनका वायुना सह ॥BORI: १-६६-१॥
Thus addressed by her, Śakra gave instructions to the wind. Then, at the appointed time, Menakā set out with him. (BORI: 1-66-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_166]
अथापश्यद्वरारोहा तपसा दग्धकिल्बिषम्। विश्वामित्रं तपस्यन्तं मेनका भीरुराश्रमे ॥BORI: १-६६-२॥
Then the timid, beautiful Menaka saw Vishvamitra in the hermitage, practicing austerities, his sins burned away by asceticism. (BORI: 1-66-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_167]
अभिवाद्य ततः सा तं प्राक्रीडदृषिसंनिधौ। अपोवाह च वासोऽस्या मारुतः शशिसंनिभम् ॥BORI: १-६६-३॥
After greeting him, she began to frolic in the sage’s presence. Then the wind swept away her moon-bright garment. (BORI: 1-66-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_168]
सागच्छत्त्वरिता भूमिं वासस्तदभिलिङ्गती। उत्स्मयन्तीव सव्रीडं मारुतं वरवर्णिनी ॥BORI: १-६६-४॥
The fair-complexioned woman hurried to the ground, clutching the garment and seeming to smile bashfully at the wind. (BORI: 1-66-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_169]
गृद्धां वाससि सम्भ्रान्तां मेनकां मुनिसत्तमः। अनिर्देश्यवयोरूपामपश्यद्विवृतां तदा ॥BORI: १-६६-५॥
Then the foremost sage saw Menaka exposed, flustered and reaching eagerly for her garment, her age and beauty beyond description. (BORI: 1-66-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_170]
तस्या रूपगुणं दृष्ट्वा स तु विप्रर्षभस्तदा। चकार भावं संसर्गे तया कामवशं गतः ॥BORI: १-६६-६॥
Seeing her beauty and virtues, that foremost of Brahmins, overcome by desire, then resolved to unite with her. (BORI: 1-66-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_171]
न्यमन्त्रयत चाप्येनां सा चाप्यैच्छदनिन्दिता। तौ तत्र सुचिरं कालं वने व्यहरतामुभौ । रममाणौ यथाकामं यथैकदिवसं तथा ॥BORI: १-६६-७॥
He invited her to join him, and the blameless woman consented. There in the forest they both dallied for a very long time, taking their pleasure as they wished, as though it were but a single day. (BORI: 1-66-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_172]
जनयामास स मुनिर्मेनकायां शकुन्तलाम्। प्रस्थे हिमवतो रम्ये मालिनीमभितो नदीम् ॥BORI: १-६६-८॥
On a lovely plateau of the Himalaya beside the river Malini, the sage fathered Shakuntala upon Menaka. (BORI: 1-66-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_173]
जातमुत्सृज्य तं गर्भं मेनका मालिनीमनु। कृतकार्या ततस्तूर्णमगच्छच्छक्रसंसदम् ॥BORI: १-६६-९॥
Leaving the newborn child beside the Malini, Menaka, her task accomplished, then swiftly returned to Shakra’s court. (BORI: 1-66-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_174]
तं वने विजने गर्भं सिंहव्याघ्रसमाकुले। दृष्ट्वा शयानं शकुनाः समन्तात्पर्यवारयन् ॥BORI: १-६६-१०॥
Seeing the child lying in the deserted forest, which teemed with lions and tigers, birds surrounded her on every side. (BORI: 1-66-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_175]
नेमां हिंस्युर्वने बालां क्रव्यादा मांसगृद्धिनः। पर्यरक्षन्त तां तत्र शकुन्ता मेनकात्मजाम् ॥BORI: १-६६-११॥
So that the flesh-craving beasts of prey in the forest would not harm the infant girl, the birds guarded Menaka’s daughter there. (BORI: 1-66-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_176]
उपस्प्रष्टुं गतश्चाहमपश्यं शयितामिमाम्। निर्जने विपिनेऽरण्ये शकुन्तैः परिवारिताम् । आनयित्वा ततश्चैनां दुहितृत्वे न्ययोजयम् ॥BORI: १-६६-१२॥
I had gone to perform my ablutions when I saw this child lying in the deserted wilderness, surrounded by birds. I then brought her here and took her as my daughter. (BORI: 1-66-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_177]
शरीरकृत्प्राणदाता यस्य चान्नानि भुञ्जते। क्रमेण ते त्रयोऽप्युक्ताः पितरो धर्मनिश्चये ॥BORI: १-६६-१३॥
The begetter of the body, the giver of life, and he whose food one eats—these three are each in turn declared to be fathers according to the determination of dharma. (BORI: 1-66-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_178]
निर्जने च वने यस्माच्छकुन्तैः परिरक्षिता। शकुन्तलेति नामास्याः कृतं चापि ततो मया ॥BORI: १-६६-१४॥
Because she was protected by birds in the lonely forest, I therefore gave her the name Shakuntala. (BORI: 1-66-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_179]
एवं दुहितरं विद्धि मम सौम्य शकुन्तलाम्। शकुन्तला च पितरं मन्यते मामनिन्दिता ॥BORI: १-६६-१५॥
Thus, gentle sir, know Śakuntalā to be my daughter; and the blameless Śakuntalā regards me as her father. (BORI: 1-66-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_180]
एतदाचष्ट पृष्टः सन्मम जन्म महर्षये। सुतां कण्वस्य मामेवं विद्धि त्वं मनुजाधिप ॥BORI: १-६६-१६॥
When questioned, he told the great sage this account of my birth. Thus know me as Kanva’s daughter, O lord of men. (BORI: 1-66-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_181]
कण्वं हि पितरं मन्ये पितरं स्वमजानती। इति ते कथितं राजन्यथावृत्तं श्रुतं मया ॥BORI: १-६६-१७॥
Not knowing my own father, I regard Kaṇva as my father. Thus, O king, I have told you what happened, as I heard it. (BORI: 1-66-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_182]
पश्यतस्तस्य राजर्षेरप्यग्निसमतेजसः । विश्वामित्रस्ततस्तां तु विषमस्थामनिन्दिताम् ॥KUMB: १-९३-५; NILA: ०१.०७२.००५॥
Even as that royal sage, whose radiance equaled fire, looked on, Viśvāmitra then, as for that blameless woman in distress… (KUMB: 1-93-5; NILA: 01.072.005)
[PV-SVO:01_008_183]
एवं वर्षसहस्राणामतीतं नान्वचिन्तयत् ॥KUMB: १-९३-९॥
He gave no thought to the thousands of years that had thus passed. (KUMB: 1-93-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_184]
कामक्रोधावजितवान्मुनिर्नित्यं समाहितः । चिरार्जितस्य तपसः क्षयं स कृतवान्मुनिः ॥KUMB: १-९३-१०॥
Though always composed, the sage failed to conquer desire and anger, and so destroyed the ascetic power he had accumulated over a long time. (KUMB: 1-93-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_185]
तपसः संक्षयादेव मुनिर्मोहं समाविशत् । मोहाभिभूतः क्रोधात्मा ग्रसन्मूलफलान्मुनिः ॥KUMB: १-९३-११॥
Through the depletion of his ascetic power, the sage fell into bewilderment. Overcome by bewilderment and filled with anger, the sage, eating roots and fruits… (KUMB: 1-93-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_186]
पादैर्जलरवं कृत्वा अन्तर्द्वीपे कुटीं गतः । मेनका गन्तुकामा तु शुश्राव जलनिस्वनम् ॥KUMB: १-९३-१२॥
Splashing the water with his feet, he went to a hut on the island. Menaka wished to leave, but heard the sound of the water. (KUMB: 1-93-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_187]
तपसा दीप्तवीर्योऽसावाकाशादेति याति च । अद्य संज्ञां विजानामि ययाऽद्य तपसः क्षयः ॥KUMB: १-९३-१३॥
His power blazing through austerity, he comes and goes from the sky. Today I recognize the sign by which his austerity will now be brought to an end. (KUMB: 1-93-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_188]
गन्तुं न युक्तमित्युक्त्वा ऋतुस्नाताथ मेनका । कामरागाभिभूतस्य मुनेः पार्स्वं जगाम ह ॥KUMB: १-९३-१४॥
Then Menaka, having bathed after her menstrual period, said, “It is not right to leave,” and approached the sage, who was overwhelmed by passion. (KUMB: 1-93-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_189]
देवगर्भोपमां बालां सर्वाभरणभूषिताम् । शयानां शयने रम्ये मेनका वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९३-१६॥
Menaka spoke these words to the little girl, who resembled a child of the gods, adorned with every ornament and lying on a lovely bed: (KUMB: 1-93-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_190]
महर्षेरुग्रतपसस्तेजस्त्वमसि भामिनि । तस्मात्स्वर्गं गमिष्यामि देवकार्यार्थमागता ॥KUMB: १-९३-१७॥
Radiant girl, you are the offspring of the great sage of fierce austerities. Therefore I shall go to heaven; I came on the gods’ business. (KUMB: 1-93-17)
[PV-SVO:01_008_191]
मां दृष्ट्वैवाभ्यपद्यन्त पादयोः पतिता द्विजाः । अब्रुञ्शकुनाः सर्वे कलं मधुरभाषिणः ॥KUMB: १-९३-२१॥
As soon as they saw me, the birds approached and fell at my feet. Then they all spoke softly in sweet voices: (KUMB: 1-93-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_192]
विश्वामित्रसुतां ब्रह्मन्न्यासभूतां भरस्व वै । कामक्रोधावजितवान्सखा ते कौशिकीं गतः ॥KUMB: १-९३-२२॥
O Brahmin, take care of Vishvamitra’s daughter, who has been left in your trust. Your friend, having failed to conquer desire and anger, has gone to the Kaushiki. (KUMB: 1-93-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_193]
तस्मात्पोषय तत्पुत्रीं दयावानिति तेऽब्रुवन् । सर्वभूतरुतज्ञोऽहं दयावान्सर्वजन्तुषु ॥KUMB: १-९३-२३॥
“Therefore, compassionate as you are, care for his daughter,” they said. “I understand the voices of all creatures and have compassion for every living being.” (KUMB: 1-93-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_194]
सुव्यक्तं राजपुत्री त्वं यथा कल्याणि भाषसे। भार्या मे भव सुश्रोणि ब्रूहि किं करवाणि ते ॥BORI: १-६७-१॥
It is quite clear from the way you speak, fair lady, that you are a princess. Become my wife, shapely one, and tell me what I may do for you. (BORI: 1-67-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_195]
सुवर्णमाला वासांसि कुण्डले परिहाटके। नानापत्तनजे शुभ्रे मणिरत्ने च शोभने ॥BORI: १-६७-२॥
Gold necklaces, garments, earrings, bracelets, and beautiful, splendid gems and jewels from many cities… (BORI: 1-67-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_196]
आहरामि तवाद्याहं निष्कादीन्यजिनानि च। सर्वं राज्यं तवाद्यास्तु भार्या मे भव शोभने ॥BORI: १-६७-३॥
Today I shall bring you gold necklaces and other ornaments, as well as deerskins. Let my entire kingdom be yours today; become my wife, beautiful one. (BORI: 1-67-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_197]
गान्धर्वेण च मां भीरु विवाहेनैहि सुन्दरि। विवाहानां हि रम्भोरु गान्धर्वः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते ॥BORI: १-६७-४॥
Come, timid beauty, marry me according to the Gandharva rite; for among forms of marriage, lovely-thighed one, the Gandharva rite is said to be the best. (BORI: 1-67-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_198]
फलाहारो गतो राजन्पिता मे इत आश्रमात्। तं मुहूर्तं प्रतीक्षस्व स मां तुभ्यं प्रदास्यति ॥BORI: १-६७-५॥
O king, my father has left the hermitage to gather fruit. Wait a moment for him; he will give me to you. (BORI: 1-67-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_199]
इच्छामि त्वां वरारोहे भजमानामनिन्दिते। त्वदर्थं मां स्थितं विद्धि त्वद्गतं हि मनो मम ॥BORI: १-६७-६॥
I desire you, lovely and blameless one, if you will accept me. Know that I am here for your sake, for my heart is set on you. (BORI: 1-67-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_200]
आत्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव गतिरात्मैव चात्मनः। आत्मनैवात्मनो दानं कर्तुमर्हसि धर्मतः ॥BORI: १-६७-७॥
Your own self is indeed your kinsman, and your own self is your refuge. You yourself may lawfully give yourself away. (BORI: 1-67-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_201]
अष्टावेव समासेन विवाहा धर्मतः स्मृताः। ब्राह्मो दैवस्तथैवार्षः प्राजापत्यस्तथासुरः ॥BORI: १-६७-८॥
In brief, eight forms of marriage are recognized as lawful: the Brahma, the Daiva, the Arsha, the Prajapatya, and the Asura... (BORI: 1-67-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_202]
गान्धर्वो राक्षसश्चैव पैशाचश्चाष्टमः स्मृतः। तेषां धर्मान्यथापूर्वं मनुः स्वायम्भुवोऽब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-६७-९॥
The Gandharva, the Rakshasa, and the Paishacha are remembered as the eighth. Svayambhu Manu declared their laws in the order given. (BORI: 1-67-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_203]
प्रशस्तांश्चतुरः पूर्वान्ब्राह्मणस्योपधारय। षडानुपूर्व्या क्षत्रस्य विद्धि धर्म्याननिन्दिते ॥BORI: १-६७-१०॥
Understand that the first four are approved for a Brahmin, and know that the first six in order are lawful for a Kshatriya, O blameless woman. (BORI: 1-67-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_204]
राज्ञां तु राक्षसोऽप्युक्तो विट्शूद्रेष्वासुरः स्मृतः। पञ्चानां तु त्रयो धर्म्या द्वावधर्म्यौ स्मृताविह ॥BORI: १-६७-११॥
For kings, the Rakshasa form is also prescribed, while for Vaishyas and Shudras the Asura form is recognized. Of the five, however, three are lawful and two are regarded here as unlawful. (BORI: 1-67-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_205]
पैशाचश्चासुरश्चैव न कर्तव्यौ कथञ्चन। अनेन विधिना कार्यो धर्मस्यैषा गतिः स्मृता ॥BORI: १-६७-१२॥
The Paiśāca and Āsura forms must never be practiced. Marriage should be performed according to this rule; this is regarded as the way of dharma. (BORI: 1-67-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_206]
गान्धर्वराक्षसौ क्षत्रे धर्म्यौ तौ मा विशङ्किथाः। पृथग्वा यदि वा मिश्रौ कर्तव्यौ नात्र संशयः ॥BORI: १-६७-१३॥
The Gandharva and Rakshasa forms of marriage are lawful for Kshatriyas; do not doubt this. They may be performed separately or combined—of this there is no doubt. (BORI: 1-67-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_207]
सा त्वं मम सकामस्य सकामा वरवर्णिनि। गान्धर्वेण विवाहेन भार्या भवितुमर्हसि ॥BORI: १-६७-१४॥
Since you desire me as I desire you, lovely woman, you should become my wife through a Gandharva marriage. (BORI: 1-67-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_208]
यदि धर्मपथस्त्वेष यदि चात्मा प्रभुर्मम। प्रदाने पौरवश्रेष्ठ शृणु मे समयं प्रभो ॥BORI: १-६७-१५॥
If this is indeed the path of dharma, and if I have the right to give myself away, then hear my condition, O best of the Pauravas, my lord. (BORI: 1-67-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_209]
सत्यं मे प्रतिजानीहि यत्त्वां वक्ष्याम्यहं रहः। मम जायेत यः पुत्रः स भवेत्त्वदनन्तरम् ॥BORI: १-६७-१६॥
Promise me truthfully in private what I am about to ask of you: the son born to me shall succeed you... (BORI: 1-67-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_210]
युवराजो महाराज सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीहि मे। यद्येतदेवं दुःषन्त अस्तु मे सङ्गमस्त्वया ॥BORI: १-६७-१७॥
Let him be crown prince after you, great king; give me your word that this is true. If this is so, Duhshanta, let me unite with you. (BORI: 1-67-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_211]
एवमस्त्विति तां राजा प्रत्युवाचाविचारयन्। अपि च त्वां नयिष्यामि नगरं स्वं शुचिस्मिते । यथा त्वमर्हा सुश्रोणि सत्यमेतद्ब्रवीमि ते ॥BORI: १-६७-१८॥
“So be it,” the king replied to her without hesitation. “And I shall take you to my own city, fair-smiling one, in the manner you deserve, shapely woman. I tell you this truly.” (BORI: 1-67-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_212]
एवमुक्त्वा स राजर्षिस्तामनिन्दितगामिनीम्। जग्राह विधिवत्पाणावुवास च तया सह ॥BORI: १-६७-१९॥
Having spoken thus, the royal seer formally took the hand of that woman of faultless gait and lived with her. (BORI: 1-67-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_213]
विश्वास्य चैनां स प्रायादब्रवीच्च पुनः पुनः। प्रेषयिष्ये तवार्थाय वाहिनीं चतुरङ्गिणीम् । तया त्वामानयिष्यामि निवासं स्वं शुचिस्मिते ॥BORI: १-६७-२०॥
After reassuring her, he departed, saying again and again, “For your sake, I shall send a fourfold army. With it I shall bring you to my own residence, O woman of pure smiles.” (BORI: 1-67-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_214]
इति तस्याः प्रतिश्रुत्य स नृपो जनमेजय। मनसा चिन्तयन्प्रायात्काश्यपं प्रति पार्थिवः ॥BORI: १-६७-२१॥
Having made this promise to her, King Janamejaya, the ruler departed, pondering in his mind how to deal with Kāśyapa. (BORI: 1-67-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_215]
भगवांस्तपसा युक्तः श्रुत्वा किं नु करिष्यति। एवं सञ्चिन्तयन्नेव प्रविवेश स्वकं पुरम् ॥BORI: १-६७-२२॥
“What will the venerable ascetic do when he hears of this?” With this thought in mind, the king entered his own city. (BORI: 1-67-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_216]
मुहूर्तयाते तस्मिंस्तु कण्वोऽप्याश्रममागमत्। शकुन्तला च पितरं ह्रिया नोपजगाम तम् ॥BORI: १-६७-२३॥
After he had been gone for a short while, Kanva too returned to the hermitage. But Shakuntala was too ashamed to approach her father. (BORI: 1-67-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_217]
विज्ञायाथ च तां कण्वो दिव्यज्ञानो महातपाः। उवाच भगवान्प्रीतः पश्यन्दिव्येन चक्षुषा ॥BORI: १-६७-२४॥
Then Kanva, the great ascetic endowed with divine knowledge, perceived what had happened to her. Seeing it with his divine sight, the blessed sage spoke to her with delight: (BORI: 1-67-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_218]
त्वयाद्य राजान्वयया मामनादृत्य यत्कृतः। पुंसा सह समायोगो न स धर्मोपघातकः ॥BORI: १-६७-२५॥
The union with a man that you, a woman of royal lineage, entered into today without regard for me does not violate dharma. (BORI: 1-67-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_219]
क्षत्रियस्य हि गान्धर्वो विवाहः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते। सकामायाः सकामेन निर्मन्त्रो रहसि स्मृतः ॥BORI: १-६७-२६॥
For a Kshatriya, the Gandharva marriage is said to be the best: the private union, without rites, of a willing woman with a willing man. (BORI: 1-67-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_220]
धर्मात्मा च महात्मा च दुःषन्तः पुरुषोत्तमः। अभ्यगच्छः पतिं यं त्वं भजमानं शकुन्तले ॥BORI: १-६७-२७॥
The virtuous, great-souled Duhshanta, the best of men, is the husband whom you approached while he was courting you, Shakuntala. (BORI: 1-67-27)
[PV-OTH:01_008_221]
महात्मा जनिता लोके पुत्रस्तव महाबलः। य इमां सागरापाङ्गां कृत्स्नां भोक्ष्यति मेदिनीम् ॥BORI: १-६७-२८॥
A great-souled and mighty son will be born to you in the world, who will rule this entire earth bounded by the ocean. (BORI: 1-67-28)
[PV-OTH:01_008_222]
परं चाभिप्रयातस्य चक्रं तस्य महात्मनः। भविष्यत्यप्रतिहतं सततं चक्रवर्तिनः ॥BORI: १-६७-२९॥
When that great-souled universal monarch marches against an enemy, his wheel will always be unobstructed. (BORI: 1-67-29)
[PV-OTH:01_008_223]
ततः प्रक्षाल्य पादौ सा विश्रान्तं मुनिमब्रवीत्। विनिधाय ततो भारं संनिधाय फलानि च ॥BORI: १-६७-३०॥
Then, after washing his feet, setting down his load, and placing the fruit nearby, she addressed the sage once he had rested: (BORI: 1-67-30)
[PV-OTH:01_008_224]
मया पतिर्वृतो योऽसौ दुःषन्तः पुरुषोत्तमः। तस्मै ससचिवाय त्वं प्रसादं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥BORI: १-६७-३१॥
The man I chose as my husband is Duhshanta, the finest of men. You should show favor to him and his ministers. (BORI: 1-67-31)
[PV-OTH:01_008_225]
प्रसन्न एव तस्याहं त्वत्कृते वरवर्णिनि। गृहाण च वरं मत्तस्तत्कृते यदभीप्सितम् ॥BORI: १-६७-३२॥
I am already pleased with him for your sake, fair lady. And choose from me whatever boon you desire on his behalf. (BORI: 1-67-32)
[PV-OTH:01_008_226]
ततो धर्मिष्ठतां वव्रे राज्याच्चास्खलनं तथा। शकुन्तला पौरवाणां दुःषन्तहितकाम्यया ॥BORI: १-६७-३३॥
Then Shakuntala, desiring Duhshanta’s welfare, chose as her boon that the Pauravas should be supremely righteous and never lose their kingdom. (BORI: 1-67-33)
[PV-OTH:01_008_227]
पिता हि मे प्रभुर्नित्यं दैवतं परमं मम । यस्मै मां दास्यति पिता स मे भर्ता भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९४-६॥
For my father is always my lord and my supreme deity. The man to whom my father gives me will become my husband. (KUMB: 1-94-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_228]
पिता रक्षति कौमारे भर्ता रक्षति यौवने । पुत्रस्तु स्थाविरे भावे न स्त्री स्वातन्त्र्यमर्हति ॥KUMB: १-९४-७॥
Her father protects her in childhood, her husband protects her in youth, and her son protects her in old age; a woman is not entitled to independence. (KUMB: 1-94-7)
[PV-SVO:01_008_229]
समन्यमाना राजेन्द्र पितरं मे तपस्विनम् । अधर्मेण हि धर्मिष्ठ कथं वरमुपास्महे ॥KUMB: १-९४-८॥
Out of respect for my ascetic father, O king of kings, how could I, O most righteous one, seek a husband through unrighteous means? (KUMB: 1-94-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_230]
मामैवं वद कल्याणि तपोराशिं दमात्मकम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-९॥
Fair lady, do not speak thus to me, a storehouse of ascetic power whose very nature is self-restraint. (KUMB: 1-94-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_231]
मन्युप्रहरणा विप्रा न विप्राः शस्त्रपाणयः ॥KUMB: १-९४-९क्ष्॥
Brahmins wield wrath as their weapon; those who bear arms are not Brahmins. (KUMB: 1-94-9क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_008_232]
मन्युना घ्नन्ति ते शत्रून्वज्रेणेन्द्र इवासुरान् । अग्निर्दहति तेजोभिः सूर्यो दहति रश्मिभिः ॥KUMB: १-९४-१०॥
With their wrath they slay their enemies, as Indra slays the Asuras with his thunderbolt. Fire burns with its heat, and the sun burns with its rays. (KUMB: 1-94-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_233]
राजा दहति दण्डेन ब्राह्मणो मन्युना दहेत् । क्रोधिता मन्युना घ्नन्ति वज्रपाणिरिवासुरान् ॥KUMB: १-९४-११॥
A king destroys through punishment, while a Brahmin can destroy through wrath. When angered, Brahmins kill through their wrath, as the wielder of the thunderbolt kills the demons. (KUMB: 1-94-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_234]
जाने भद्रे महर्षिं तं तस्य मन्युर्न विद्यते ॥KUMB: १-९४-१२॥
I know that great seer, noble lady; he harbors no anger. (KUMB: 1-94-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_235]
तस्यास्तु सर्वं संश्रुत्य यथोक्तं स विशांपतिः । दुष्यन्तः पुनरेवाह यद्यदिच्छसि तद्वद ॥KUMB: १-९४-२४॥
Having heard from her everything just as she had stated it, Dushyanta, lord of men, said again, “Tell me whatever you desire.” (KUMB: 1-94-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_236]
ख्यातो लोकप्रवादोयं विवाह इति शास्त्रतः । वैवाहिकीं क्रियां सन्तः प्रशंसन्ति प्रजाहिताम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-२५॥
According to scripture, this well-known social custom is called marriage. The virtuous commend the marriage rite as beneficial to offspring. (KUMB: 1-94-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_237]
लोकप्रवादशान्त्यर्थं विवाहं विधिना कुरु । सन्त्यत्र यज्ञपात्राणि दर्भाः सुमनसोऽक्षताः ॥KUMB: १-९४-२६॥
To silence public gossip, perform the marriage according to the prescribed rite. Here are sacrificial vessels, sacred grass, flowers, and unbroken grains of rice. (KUMB: 1-94-26)
[PV-SVO:01_008_238]
यथा युक्तो विवाहः स्यात्तथा युक्ता प्रजा भवेत् । तस्मादाज्यं हविर्लाजाः सिकता ब्राह्मणास्तव ॥KUMB: १-९४-२७॥
If the marriage is properly performed, the offspring too will be legitimate. Therefore, the ghee, oblation, parched grain, sand, and Brahmins are at your disposal... (KUMB: 1-94-27)
[PV-SVO:01_008_239]
वैवाहिकानि चान्यानि समस्तानीह पार्थिव । दुरुक्तमपि राजेन्द्र क्षन्तव्यं धर्मकारणात् ॥KUMB: १-९४-२८॥
and all the other wedding requisites here, O king. Even offensive words must be forgiven, O lord of kings, for the sake of dharma. (KUMB: 1-94-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_240]
पुरोहितं समाहूय वचनं युक्तमब्रवीत् । राजपुत्र्या यदुक्तं वै न वृथा कर्तुमुत्सहे ॥KUMB: १-९४-३१॥
Summoning the priest, he spoke these fitting words: “I cannot bring myself to disregard what the princess has said. (KUMB: 1-94-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_241]
क्रियाहीनो हि न भवेन्मम पुत्रो महाद्युतिः । तथा कुरुष्व शास्त्रोक्तं विवाहं मा चिरंकुरु ॥KUMB: १-९४-३२॥
For my splendid son must not be left without the rites. Therefore perform the marriage as prescribed in the scriptures, and do not delay. (KUMB: 1-94-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_242]
एवमुक्तो नृपतिना द्विजः परमयन्त्रितः । शोभनं राजराजेति विधिना कृतवान्द्विजः ॥KUMB: १-९४-३३॥
Thus addressed by the king and strongly urged, the Brahmin said, “Very well, O king of kings,” and carried it out according to the prescribed rite. (KUMB: 1-94-33)
[PV-SVO:01_008_243]
शासनाद्विप्रमुख्यस्य कृतकौतुकमङ्गलः ॥KUMB: १-९४-३४॥
At the foremost Brahmin’s command, with the auspicious ceremonial rites performed... (KUMB: 1-94-34)
[PV-SVO:01_008_244]
त्रैविद्यवृद्धैः सहितां नानाराजजनैः सह । शिबिकासहस्रैः सहिता वयमायान्ति बान्धवाः ॥KUMB: १-९४-३६॥
Accompanied by elders versed in the three Vedas and by people from many kingdoms, we relatives are coming with thousands of palanquins. (KUMB: 1-94-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_245]
मूकाश्चैव किराताश्च कुब्जा वामनकैः सह । सहिताः कञ्चुकिवरैर्वाहिनी सूतमागधैः ॥KUMB: १-९४-३७॥
Mutes, Kiratas, and hunchbacks together with dwarfs, accompanied by eminent chamberlains, and the procession with Sutas and Magadhas... (KUMB: 1-94-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_246]
शङ्खदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैर्वनं च समुपैष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९४-३८॥
and will approach the forest to the resounding of conches and drums. (KUMB: 1-94-38)
[PV-SVO:01_008_247]
अन्यथा त्वां न नेष्यामि स्वनिवेशमसत्कृताम् । सर्वमङ्गलसत्कारैः सुभ्रु सत्यं करोमि ते ॥KUMB: १-९४-३९॥
I will not take you to my home otherwise, without duly honoring you. Fair-browed one, I promise you truly that I will honor you with every auspicious welcome. (KUMB: 1-94-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_248]
परिष्वज्य च बाहुभ्यां स्मितपूर्वमुदैक्षत ॥KUMB: १-९४-४०॥
He embraced her with both arms and looked at her with a smile. (KUMB: 1-94-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_249]
प्रदक्षिणीकृतां देवीं पुनस्तां परिषस्वजे । शकुन्तला सा सुमुखी पपात नृपपादयोः ॥KUMB: १-९४-४१॥
After walking around the queen in reverence, she embraced her again. Then the lovely-faced Shakuntala fell at the king’s feet. (KUMB: 1-94-41)
[PV-SVO:01_008_250]
तां देवीं पुनरुत्थाप्य मा शुचेति पुनः पुनः । शपेयं सुकृतेनैव प्रापयिष्ये नृपात्मजे ॥KUMB: १-९४-४२॥
Lifting the queen again, he repeatedly said, “Do not grieve. I swear by my own merit, O princess, that I shall bring him to you.” (KUMB: 1-94-42)
[PV-SVO:01_008_251]
तं न प्रसाद्यागतोऽहं प्रसीदेति द्विजोत्तमम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-४४॥
“I have not come without first appeasing that foremost of Brahmins. Take heart,” he said. (KUMB: 1-94-44)
[PV-SVO:01_008_252]
शङ्कितेव च विप्रर्षिमुपचक्राम सा शनैः । ततोऽस्य भारं जग्राह आसनं चाप्यकल्पयत् ॥KUMB: १-९४-४६॥
Looking apprehensive, she slowly approached the eminent Brahmin sage. Then she took his burden and prepared a seat for him. (KUMB: 1-94-46)
[PV-SVO:01_008_253]
प्राक्षालयच्च सा पादौ काश्यपस्य महात्मनः । न चैनं लज्जयाऽशक्नोदक्षिभ्यामभिवीक्षितुम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-४७॥
She washed the feet of the great-souled Kāśyapa, but out of modesty she could not look him in the eyes. (KUMB: 1-94-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_254]
शकुन्तला च सव्रीडा तमृषिं नाभ्यभाषत । तस्मात्स्वधर्मात्स्खलिता भीता सा भरतर्षभ ॥KUMB: १-९४-४८॥
Śakuntalā, overcome with shame, did not address that sage. Having strayed from that duty of hers, she, frightened, O bull of the Bharatas... (KUMB: 1-94-48)
[PV-SVO:01_008_255]
अभवद्दोषदर्शित्वाद्ब्रह्मचारिण्ययन्त्रिता । स तदा व्रीडितां दृष्ट्वा ऋषिस्तां प्रत्यभाषत ॥KUMB: १-९४-४९॥
Recognizing her fault, the celibate maiden lost her composure. Seeing her ashamed, the sage then addressed her: (KUMB: 1-94-49)
[PV-SVO:01_008_256]
सव्रीडैव च दीर्घायुः पुरेव भविता न च । वृत्तं कथय रम्भोरु मा त्रासं च प्रकल्पय ॥KUMB: १-९४-५०॥
You will indeed remain bashful and live long, but you will not be as you were before. Tell me what happened, fair-thighed woman, and do not be afraid. (KUMB: 1-94-50)
[PV-SVO:01_008_257]
निधाय कामं तस्यर्षेः कन्दानि च फलानि च ॥KUMB: १-९४-५१॥
After setting roots and fruits before that sage to his liking, (KUMB: 1-94-51)
[PV-SVO:01_008_258]
ततः संवाह्य पादौ सा विश्रान्तं वेदिमध्यमा ॥KUMB: १-९४-५२॥
Then, after massaging his feet, the woman whose waist resembled an altar, when he was rested… (KUMB: 1-94-52)
[PV-SVO:01_008_259]
ततः कृच्छ्रादतिशुभा सव्रीडा श्रमती तदा । सगद्गदमुवाचेदं काश्यपं सा शुचिस्मिता ॥KUMB: १-९४-५३॥
Then, with difficulty, the exceedingly beautiful woman, bashful and weary, spoke these words to Kashyapa in a faltering voice, she of the pure smile: (KUMB: 1-94-53)
[PV-SVO:01_008_260]
राजा ताताजगामेह दुष्यन्त इलिलात्मजः । मया पतिर्वृतो योऽसौ दैवयोगादिहागतः ॥KUMB: १-९४-५४॥
Father, King Dushyanta, son of Ilila, came here. I chose as my husband that man who had come here by providence. (KUMB: 1-94-54)
[PV-SVO:01_008_261]
तस्य तात प्रसीद त्वं भर्ता मे सुमहायशाः । अतः सर्वं तु यद्वृत्तं दिव्यज्ञानेन पश्यसि ॥KUMB: १-९४-५५॥
Father, be gracious to him; that greatly renowned man is my husband. Through divine knowledge, you see everything that has happened since then. (KUMB: 1-94-55)
[PV-SVO:01_008_262]
अभयं क्षत्रियकुले प्रसादं कर्तुमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-९४-५६॥
You should grant your favor and ensure the safety of the Kshatriya lineage. (KUMB: 1-94-56)
[PV-SVO:01_008_263]
चक्षुषा स तु दिव्येन सर्वं विज्ञाय काश्यपः ॥KUMB: १-९४-५६क्ष्॥
But Kāśyapa, perceiving everything with his divine sight... (KUMB: 1-94-56क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_008_264]
ततो धर्मिष्ठतां मत्वा धर्मे चास्खलितं मनः । उवाच भगवान्प्रीतस्तद्वृत्तं सुमहातपाः ॥KUMB: १-९४-५७॥
Then, recognizing her exceptional righteousness and her mind’s unwavering adherence to dharma, the blessed one, that great ascetic, was pleased and said this: (KUMB: 1-94-57)
[PV-SVO:01_008_265]
न भयं विद्यते भद्रे मा शुचः सुकृतं कृतम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-५९॥
There is nothing to fear, blessed lady. Do not grieve; you have done well. (KUMB: 1-94-59)
[PV-SVO:01_008_266]
किं पुनर्विधिवत्कृत्वा सुप्रजस्त्वमवाप्स्यसि ॥KUMB: १-९४-६१॥
How much more, then, when you have done it according to the prescribed rite, will you be blessed with excellent offspring! (KUMB: 1-94-61)
[PV-SVO:01_008_267]
ऋतवो बहवस्ते वै गता व्यर्थाः शुचिस्मिते । सार्थकं सांप्रतं ह्येतन्न च पाप्मास्ति तेऽनघे ॥KUMB: १-९४-६५॥
Many of your fertile seasons have indeed passed in vain, fair-smiling woman. But this one will now bear fruit, and no sin attaches to you, blameless woman. (KUMB: 1-94-65)
[PV-SVO:01_008_268]
मम चैव पतिर्दृष्टो देवतानां समक्षतः ॥KUMB: १-९४-६६॥
And I have found a husband in the very presence of the gods. (KUMB: 1-94-66)
[PV-SVO:01_008_269]
इत्येवमुक्त्वा मनसा प्रणिधाय मनस्विनी ॥KUMB: १-९४-६७॥
Having spoken thus, the resolute woman fixed her mind… (KUMB: 1-94-67)
[PV-SVO:01_008_270]
एवमस्त्विति तां प्राह कण्वो धर्मभृतां वरः ॥KUMB: १-९४-६८॥
“So be it,” Kanva, foremost among upholders of dharma, said to her. (KUMB: 1-94-68)
[PV-SVO:01_008_271]
पस्पर्श चापि पाणिभ्यां सुतां श्रीमिवरूपिणीम् ॥KUMB: १-९४-६९॥
And with both hands he touched his daughter, who was as beautiful as Śrī. (KUMB: 1-94-69)
[PV-SVO:01_008_272]
अद्यप्रभृति देवी त्वं दुष्यन्तस्य महात्मनः । पतिव्रतानां या वृत्तिस्तां वृत्तिमनुपालय ॥KUMB: १-९४-७०॥
From this day forward, you are the queen of the noble Duṣyanta. Faithfully follow the way of life of devoted wives. (KUMB: 1-94-70)
[PV-SVO:01_008_273]
इत्येवमुक्त्वा धर्मात्मा तां विशुद्ध्यर्थमस्पृशत् । स्पृष्टमात्रे शरीरे तु परं हर्षमवाप सा ॥KUMB: १-९४-७१॥
Having spoken thus, the righteous man touched her to purify her. The moment he touched her body, she was filled with supreme joy. (KUMB: 1-94-71)
[PV-SVO:01_008_274]
प्रतिज्ञाय तु दुःषन्ते प्रतियाते शकुन्तला। गर्भं सुषाव वामोरुः कुमारममितौजसम् ॥BORI: १-६८-१॥
But after Duḥṣanta had made his promise and departed, fair-thighed Śakuntalā gave birth to a son of immeasurable vigor. (BORI: 1-68-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_275]
त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु दिप्तानलसमद्युतिम्। रूपौदार्यगुणोपेतं दौःषन्तिं जनमेजय ॥BORI: १-६८-२॥
after three full years—a son of Duhshanta, radiant as a blazing fire and endowed with beauty, nobility, and virtue, O Janamejaya… (BORI: 1-68-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_276]
जातकर्मादिसंस्कारं कण्वः पुण्यकृतां वरः। तस्याथ कारयामास वर्धमानस्य धीमतः ॥BORI: १-६८-३॥
Then Kaṇva, foremost of those who perform meritorious deeds, had the rites beginning with the birth ceremony performed for the intelligent boy as he grew. (BORI: 1-68-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_277]
दन्तैः शुक्लैः शिखरिभिः सिंहसंहननो युवा। चक्राङ्कितकरः श्रीमान्महामूर्धा महाबलः । कुमारो देवगर्भाभः स तत्राशु व्यवर्धत ॥BORI: १-६८-४॥
The boy quickly grew up there, with white, pointed teeth, a lion’s build, hands marked with wheels, a noble appearance, a large head, and immense strength; in his youth, he resembled the offspring of a god. (BORI: 1-68-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_278]
षड्वर्ष एव बालः स कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति। व्याघ्रान्सिंहान्वराहांश्च गजांश्च महिषांस्तथा ॥BORI: १-६८-५॥
At only six years old, the boy, around Kanva’s hermitage—tigers, lions, boars, elephants, and buffaloes alike... (BORI: 1-68-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_279]
बद्ध्वा वृक्षेषु बलवानाश्रमस्य समन्ततः। आरोहन्दमयंश्चैव क्रीडंश्च परिधावति ॥BORI: १-६८-६॥
The strong boy ties them to trees all around the hermitage, climbs upon them and subdues them, and runs about playing. (BORI: 1-68-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_280]
ततोऽस्य नाम चक्रुस्ते कण्वाश्रमनिवासिनः। अस्त्वयं सर्वदमनः सर्वं हि दमयत्ययम् ॥BORI: १-६८-७॥
Then the residents of Kanva’s hermitage gave him a name: “Let him be Sarvadamana, for he subdues everything.” (BORI: 1-68-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_281]
स सर्वदमनो नाम कुमारः समपद्यत। विक्रमेणौजसा चैव बलेन च समन्वितः ॥BORI: १-६८-८॥
Thus the boy came to be called Sarvadamana. He was endowed with courage, vigor, and strength. (BORI: 1-68-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_282]
तं कुमारमृषिर्दृष्ट्वा कर्म चास्यातिमानुषम्। समयो यौवराज्यायेत्यब्रवीच्च शकुन्तलाम् ॥BORI: १-६८-९॥
Seeing the boy and his superhuman deeds, the sage said to Shakuntala, “It is time for him to be made heir apparent.” (BORI: 1-68-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_283]
तस्य तद्बलमाज्ञाय कण्वः शिष्यानुवाच ह। शकुन्तलामिमां शीघ्रं सहपुत्रामितोऽऽश्रमात् । भर्त्रे प्रापयताद्यैव सर्वलक्षणपूजिताम् ॥BORI: १-६८-१०॥
Recognizing the boy’s strength, Kanva said to his disciples, “Take this Shakuntala, honored with every auspicious mark, together with her son, from this hermitage to her husband this very day without delay.” (BORI: 1-68-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_284]
नारीणां चिरवासो हि बान्धवेषु न रोचते। कीर्तिचारित्रधर्मघ्नस्तस्मान्नयत माचिरम् ॥BORI: १-६८-११॥
For a woman’s prolonged stay among her relatives is not regarded with favor; it destroys her reputation, character, and virtue. Therefore, take her away without delay. (BORI: 1-68-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_285]
तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे प्रातिष्ठन्तामितौजसः। शकुन्तलां पुरस्कृत्य सपुत्रां गजसाह्वयम् ॥BORI: १-६८-१२॥
Saying, “So be it,” all those men of immense vigor set out for Gajasahvaya, with Shakuntala and her son at their head. (BORI: 1-68-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_286]
गृहीत्वामरगर्भाभं पुत्रं कमललोचनम्। आजगाम ततः शुभ्रा दुःषन्तविदिताद्वनात् ॥BORI: १-६८-१३॥
Taking with her lotus-eyed son, who resembled the child of a god, the radiant woman then came from the forest known to Duhshanta. (BORI: 1-68-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_287]
अभिसृत्य च राजानं विदिता सा प्रवेशिता। सह तेनैव पुत्रेण तरुणादित्यवर्चसा ॥BORI: १-६८-१४॥
She approached the king and, once recognized, was admitted together with that same son, who shone like the rising sun. (BORI: 1-68-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_288]
पूजयित्वा यथान्यायमब्रवीत्तं शकुन्तला। अयं पुत्रस्त्वया राजन्यौवराज्येऽभिषिच्यताम् ॥BORI: १-६८-१५॥
After duly paying homage to him, Śakuntalā said, “O king, have this son of yours installed as heir apparent.” (BORI: 1-68-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_289]
त्वया ह्ययं सुतो राजन्मय्युत्पन्नः सुरोपमः। यथासमयमेतस्मिन्वर्तस्व पुरुषोत्तम ॥BORI: १-६८-१६॥
For this godlike son was begotten by you upon me, O king. Keep your promise concerning him, O best of men. (BORI: 1-68-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_290]
यथा समागमे पूर्वं कृतः स समयस्त्वया। तं स्मरस्व महाभाग कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति ॥BORI: १-६८-१७॥
Remember, greatly fortunate one, the agreement you made before, when we came together at Kanva’s hermitage. (BORI: 1-68-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_291]
सोऽथ श्रुत्वैव तद्वाक्यं तस्या राजा स्मरन्नपि। अब्रवीन्न स्मरामीति कस्य त्वं दुष्टतापसि ॥BORI: १-६८-१८॥
Upon hearing her words, the king, though he remembered, said, “I do not remember. Whose daughter are you, wicked ascetic woman?” (BORI: 1-68-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_292]
धर्मकामार्थसम्बन्धं न स्मरामि त्वया सह। गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा कामं यद्वापीच्छसि तत्कुरु ॥BORI: १-६८-१९॥
I do not recall any bond with you involving duty, pleasure, or wealth. Go or stay as you please, or do whatever you wish. (BORI: 1-68-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_293]
सैवमुक्ता वरारोहा व्रीडितेव मनस्विनी। विसञ्ज्ञेव च दुःखेन तस्थौ स्थाणुरिवाचला ॥BORI: १-६८-२०॥
Thus addressed, the noble-minded woman of lovely form stood motionless like a post, seeming abashed and almost senseless with grief. (BORI: 1-68-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_294]
संरम्भामर्षताम्राक्षी स्फुरमाणोष्ठसम्पुटा। कटाक्षैर्निर्दहन्तीव तिर्यग्राजानमैक्षत ॥BORI: १-६८-२१॥
Her eyes reddened with fury and indignation and her lips trembling, she looked askance at the king, as though scorching him with her sidelong glances. (BORI: 1-68-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_295]
आकारं गूहमाना च मन्युनाभिसमीरिता। तपसा सम्भृतं तेजो धारयामास वै तदा ॥BORI: १-६८-२२॥
Concealing her expression and stirred by anger, she then held in the fiery power she had amassed through austerity. (BORI: 1-68-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_296]
सा मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा दुःखामर्षसमन्विता। भर्तारमभिसम्प्रेक्ष्य क्रुद्धा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-६८-२३॥
She reflected for a moment, filled with grief and indignation; then, looking at her husband, she spoke angrily: (BORI: 1-68-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_297]
जानन्नपि महाराज कस्मादेवं प्रभाषसे। न जानामीति निःसङ्गं यथान्यः प्राकृतस्तथा ॥BORI: १-६८-२४॥
Though you know, great king, why do you speak so—coldly saying, “I do not know,” like any ordinary man? (BORI: 1-68-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_298]
अत्र ते हृदयं वेद सत्यस्यैवानृतस्य च। कल्याण बत साक्षी त्वं मात्मानमवमन्यथाः ॥BORI: १-६८-२५॥
In this matter, your heart knows what is true and what is false. Noble one, you yourself are indeed the witness; do not demean yourself. (BORI: 1-68-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_299]
योऽन्यथा सन्तमात्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते। किं तेन न कृतं पापं चोरेणात्मापहारिणा ॥BORI: १-६८-२६॥
What sin has not been committed by the thief who steals his own self, presenting himself as other than he truly is? (BORI: 1-68-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_300]
एकोऽहमस्मीति च मन्यसे त्वं; न हृच्छयं वेत्सि मुनिं पुराणम्। यो वेदिता कर्मणः पापकस्य; तस्यान्तिके त्वं वृजिनं करोषि ॥BORI: १-६८-२७॥
You think, “I am alone,” but you do not know the ancient sage who dwells in the heart. You commit sin in the presence of him who knows every evil deed. (BORI: 1-68-27)
[PV-OTH:01_008_301]
मन्यते पापकं कृत्वा न कश्चिद्वेत्ति मामिति। विदन्ति चैनं देवाश्च स्वश्चैवान्तरपूरुषः ॥BORI: १-६८-२८॥
After committing a sin, a person thinks, “No one knows what I have done.” But the gods know him, as does his own inner self. (BORI: 1-68-28)
[PV-OTH:01_008_302]
आदित्यचन्द्रावनिलानलौ च; द्यौर्भूमिरापो हृदयं यमश्च। अहश्च रात्रिश्च उभे च सन्ध्ये; धर्मश्च जानाति नरस्य वृत्तम् ॥BORI: १-६८-२९॥
The sun and moon, wind and fire, heaven, earth, the waters, the heart, and Yama; day and night, both twilights, and Dharma know a person’s conduct. (BORI: 1-68-29)
[PV-OTH:01_008_303]
यमो वैवस्वतस्तस्य निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम्। हृदि स्थितः कर्मसाक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञो यस्य तुष्यति ॥BORI: १-६८-३०॥
Yama, son of Vivasvat, makes a man answer for his wrongdoing when the knower of the field, dwelling in his heart as witness to his deeds, is pleased with him. (BORI: 1-68-30)
[PV-OTH:01_008_304]
न तु तुष्यति यस्यैष पुरुषस्य दुरात्मनः। तं यमः पापकर्माणं निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम् ॥BORI: १-६८-३१॥
But if this one is not pleased with a wicked man, Yama punishes that evildoer for his wrongdoing. (BORI: 1-68-31)
[PV-OTH:01_008_305]
अवमन्यात्मनात्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते। देवा न तस्य श्रेयांसो यस्यात्मापि न कारणम् ॥BORI: १-६८-३२॥
By despising himself, he acts against his own interests. The gods cannot secure the welfare of one who does not himself bring it about. (BORI: 1-68-32)
[PV-OTH:01_008_306]
स्वयं प्राप्तेति मामेवं मावमंस्थाः पतिव्रताम्। अर्घ्यार्हां नार्चयसि मां स्वयं भार्यामुपस्थिताम् ॥BORI: १-६८-३३॥
Do not despise me, a devoted wife, thinking, “She came of her own accord.” Though I am worthy of a respectful offering, you do not honor me—your wife, who has come before you of her own accord. (BORI: 1-68-33)
[PV-OTH:01_008_307]
किमर्थं मां प्राकृतवदुपप्रेक्षसि संसदि। न खल्वहमिदं शून्ये रौमि किं न शृणोषि मे ॥BORI: १-६८-३४॥
Why do you look upon me in the assembly as though I were a common woman? I am certainly not crying out in an empty place—why do you not listen to me? (BORI: 1-68-34)
[PV-OTH:01_008_308]
यदि मे याचमानाया वचनं न करिष्यसि। दुःषन्त शतधा मूर्धा ततस्तेऽद्य फलिष्यति ॥BORI: १-६८-३५॥
If you do not heed my plea, Duhshanta, then today your head will split into a hundred pieces. (BORI: 1-68-35)
[PV-OTH:01_008_309]
भार्यां पतिः सम्प्रविश्य स यस्माज्जायते पुनः। जायाया इति जायात्वं पुराणाः कवयो विदुः ॥BORI: १-६८-३६॥
The ancient sages know that a wife is called jāyā because her husband enters her and is born again from her. (BORI: 1-68-36)
[PV-OTH:01_008_310]
यदागमवतः पुंसस्तदपत्यं प्रजायते। तत्तारयति सन्तत्या पूर्वप्रेतान्पितामहान् ॥BORI: १-६८-३७॥
Whatever offspring is born from a man’s union saves his departed forefathers by perpetuating the line. (BORI: 1-68-37)
[PV-OTH:01_008_311]
पुन्नाम्नो नरकाद्यस्मात्पितरं त्रायते सुतः। तस्मात्पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयमेव स्वयम्भुवा ॥BORI: १-६८-३८॥
Because a son saves his father from the hell called Pun, he was himself declared “putra” by the Self-born. (BORI: 1-68-38)
[PV-OTH:01_008_312]
सा भार्या या गृहे दक्षा सा भार्या या प्रजावती। सा भार्या या पतिप्राणा सा भार्या या पतिव्रता ॥BORI: १-६८-३९॥
A true wife is one who manages the household capably; a true wife is one who bears children; a true wife is devoted to her husband; a true wife is faithful to her husband. (BORI: 1-68-39)
[PV-OTH:01_008_313]
अर्धं भार्या मनुष्यस्य भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा। भार्या मूलं त्रिवर्गस्य भार्या मित्रं मरिष्यतः ॥BORI: १-६८-४०॥
A wife is half of a man; a wife is his finest companion. A wife is the foundation of the three aims of life; a wife is the friend of a man facing death. (BORI: 1-68-40)
[PV-OTH:01_008_314]
भार्यावन्तः क्रियावन्तः सभार्या गृहमेधिनः। भार्यावन्तः प्रमोदन्ते भार्यावन्तः श्रियान्विताः ॥BORI: १-६८-४१॥
Men with wives perform their rites; householders are such only when they have wives. Men with wives rejoice; men with wives are endowed with prosperity. (BORI: 1-68-41)
[PV-OTH:01_008_315]
सखायः प्रविविक्तेषु भवन्त्येताः प्रियंवदाः। पितरो धर्मकार्येषु भवन्त्यार्तस्य मातरः ॥BORI: १-६८-४२॥
In private, they are sweet-speaking companions; in matters of duty, they are fathers, and to a man in distress, mothers. (BORI: 1-68-42)
[PV-OTH:01_008_316]
कान्तारेष्वपि विश्रामो नरस्याध्वनिकस्य वै। यः सदारः स विश्वास्यस्तस्माद्दाराः परा गतिः ॥BORI: १-६८-४३॥
For a man on a journey, a wife is a resting place even in the wilderness. A man who has a wife is trustworthy; therefore wives are the highest refuge. (BORI: 1-68-43)
[PV-OTH:01_008_317]
संसरन्तमपि प्रेतं विषमेष्वेकपातिनम्। भार्यैवान्वेति भर्तारं सततं या पतिव्रता ॥BORI: १-६८-४४॥
A devoted wife always follows her husband, even after death, as he wanders alone through perilous places. (BORI: 1-68-44)
[PV-OTH:01_008_318]
प्रथमं संस्थिता भार्या पतिं प्रेत्य प्रतीक्षते। पूर्वं मृतं च भर्तारं पश्चात्साध्व्यनुगच्छति ॥BORI: १-६८-४५॥
A wife who dies first waits for her husband after death, while a virtuous wife who dies later follows her husband who died before her. (BORI: 1-68-45)
[PV-OTH:01_008_319]
एतस्मात्कारणाद्राजन्पाणिग्रहणमिष्यते। यदाप्नोति पतिर्भार्यामिह लोके परत्र च ॥BORI: १-६८-४६॥
For this reason, O king, marriage is ordained, since a husband gains his wife both in this world and in the next. (BORI: 1-68-46)
[PV-OTH:01_008_320]
आत्मात्मनैव जनितः पुत्र इत्युच्यते बुधैः। तस्माद्भार्यां नरः पश्येन्मातृवत्पुत्रमातरम् ॥BORI: १-६८-४७॥
The wise say that a son is one’s own self begotten by oneself. Therefore, a man should regard his wife, the mother of his son, as he would his own mother. (BORI: 1-68-47)
[PV-OTH:01_008_321]
भार्यायां जनितं पुत्रमादर्शे स्वमिवाननम्। ह्लादते जनिता प्रेष्क्य स्वर्गं प्राप्येव पुण्यकृत् ॥BORI: १-६८-४८॥
When a father sees the son born of his wife as though seeing his own face in a mirror, he rejoices like a virtuous man who has attained heaven. (BORI: 1-68-48)
[PV-OTH:01_008_322]
दह्यमाना मनोदुःखैर्व्याधिभिश्चातुरा नराः। ह्लादन्ते स्वेषु दारेषु घर्मार्ताः सलिलेष्विव ॥BORI: १-६८-४९॥
Men tormented by mental anguish and afflicted by illness find relief in their wives, as those oppressed by heat do in water. (BORI: 1-68-49)
[PV-OTH:01_008_323]
सुसंरब्धोऽपि रामाणां न ब्रूयादप्रियं बुधः। रतिं प्रीतिं च धर्मं च तास्वायत्तमवेक्ष्य च ॥BORI: १-६८-५०॥
Even when greatly enraged, a wise man should say nothing unpleasant to women, recognizing that pleasure, affection, and dharma depend upon them. (BORI: 1-68-50)
[PV-OTH:01_008_324]
आत्मनो जन्मनः क्षेत्रं पुण्यं रामाः सनातनम्। ऋषीणामपि का शक्तिः स्रष्टुं रामामृते प्रजाः ॥BORI: १-६८-५१॥
Women are the sacred, eternal field of one’s own birth. What power have even sages to create offspring without a woman? (BORI: 1-68-51)
[PV-OTH:01_008_325]
परिपत्य यदा सूनुर्धरणीरेणुगुण्ठितः। पितुराश्लिष्यतेऽङ्गानि किमिवास्त्यधिकं ततः ॥BORI: १-६८-५२॥
When a son, having run about and become covered in the dust of the earth, embraces his father’s limbs, what could be greater than that? (BORI: 1-68-52)
[PV-OTH:01_008_326]
स त्वं स्वयमनुप्राप्तं साभिलाषमिमं सुतम्। प्रेक्षमाणं च काक्षेण किमर्थमवमन्यसे ॥BORI: १-६८-५३॥
Why, then, do you disdain this son who has come to you of his own accord, full of longing, and looks at you from the corner of his eye? (BORI: 1-68-53)
[PV-OTH:01_008_327]
अण्डानि बिभ्रति स्वानि न भिन्दन्ति पिपीलिकाः। न भरेथाः कथं नु त्वं धर्मज्ञः सन्स्वमात्मजम् ॥BORI: १-६८-५४॥
Ants carry their own eggs and do not break them. How then could you, knowing dharma, fail to support your own son? (BORI: 1-68-54)
[PV-OTH:01_008_328]
न वाससां न रामाणां नापां स्पर्शस्तथा सुखः। शिशोरालिङ्ग्यमानस्य स्पर्शः सूनोर्यथा सुखः ॥BORI: १-६८-५५॥
Neither the touch of garments, nor of women, nor of water is as pleasant as the touch of one’s infant son when he is embraced. (BORI: 1-68-55)
[PV-OTH:01_008_329]
ब्राह्मणो द्विपदां श्रेष्ठो गौर्वरिष्ठा चतुष्पदाम्। गुरुर्गरीयसां श्रेष्ठः पुत्रः स्पर्शवतां वरः ॥BORI: १-६८-५६॥
The Brahmin is the foremost of bipeds, the cow the foremost of quadrupeds, the guru the foremost of those worthy of reverence, and a son the best of all things one may touch. (BORI: 1-68-56)
[PV-OTH:01_008_330]
स्पृशतु त्वां समाश्लिष्य पुत्रोऽयं प्रियदर्शनः। पुत्रस्पर्शात्सुखतरः स्पर्शो लोके न विद्यते ॥BORI: १-६८-५७॥
Let this beloved son, so pleasing to behold, embrace and touch you. In this world, there is no touch more delightful than a son’s. (BORI: 1-68-57)
[PV-OTH:01_008_331]
त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु प्रजाताहमरिंदम। इमं कुमारं राजेन्द्र तव शोकप्रणाशनम् ॥BORI: १-६८-५८॥
After three full years, O subduer of foes, I gave birth to this prince, O great king, who will dispel your sorrow. (BORI: 1-68-58)
[PV-OTH:01_008_332]
आहर्ता वाजिमेधस्य शतसङ्ख्यस्य पौरव। इति वागन्तरिक्षे मां सूतकेऽभ्यवदत्पुरा ॥BORI: १-६८-५९॥
“O descendant of Puru, he will perform a hundred horse sacrifices.” Thus a voice from the sky once addressed me when I was in childbed. (BORI: 1-68-59)
[PV-OTH:01_008_333]
ननु नामाङ्कमारोप्य स्नेहाद्ग्रामान्तरं गताः। मूर्ध्नि पुत्रानुपाघ्राय प्रतिनन्दन्ति मानवाः ॥BORI: १-६८-६०॥
Surely, when people have been away in another village, they lovingly take their sons onto their laps, smell their heads, and welcome them. (BORI: 1-68-60)
[PV-OTH:01_008_334]
वेदेष्वपि वदन्तीमं मन्त्रवादं द्विजातयः। जातकर्मणि पुत्राणां तवापि विदितं तथा ॥BORI: १-६८-६१॥
At the birth rite of their sons, the twice-born recite the following Vedic formula, which you too know: (BORI: 1-68-61)
[PV-OTH:01_008_335]
अङ्गादङ्गात्सम्भवसि हृदयादभिजायसे। आत्मा वै पुत्रनामासि स जीव शरदः शतम् ॥BORI: १-६८-६२॥
You arise from each of my limbs; you are born from my heart. You are indeed my own self, called my son. Live for a hundred autumns. (BORI: 1-68-62)
[PV-OTH:01_008_336]
पोषो हि त्वदधीनो मे सन्तानमपि चाक्षयम्। तस्मात्त्वं जीव मे वत्स सुसुखी शरदां शतम् ॥BORI: १-६८-६३॥
My welfare depends on you, as does the unbroken continuation of my line. Therefore, my child, live in great happiness for a hundred autumns. (BORI: 1-68-63)
[PV-OTH:01_008_337]
त्वदङ्गेभ्यः प्रसूतोऽयं पुरुषात्पुरुषोऽपरः। सरसीवामलेऽऽत्मानं द्वितीयं पश्य मे सुतम् ॥BORI: १-६८-६४॥
From your own body this other man has been born—a man from a man. As in a clear lake, behold my son as your second self. (BORI: 1-68-64)
[PV-OTH:01_008_338]
यथा ह्याहवनीयोऽग्निर्गार्हपत्यात्प्रणीयते। तथा त्वत्तः प्रसूतोऽयं त्वमेकः सन्द्विधा कृतः ॥BORI: १-६८-६५॥
Just as the Āhavanīya fire is kindled from the Gārhapatya fire, so he has been born from you: you are one, made two. (BORI: 1-68-65)
[PV-OTH:01_008_339]
मृगापकृष्टेन हि ते मृगयां परिधावता। अहमासादिता राजन्कुमारी पितुराश्रमे ॥BORI: १-६८-६६॥
For, O king, you came upon me as a maiden in my father’s hermitage while roaming on the hunt, drawn away by a deer. (BORI: 1-68-66)
[PV-OTH:01_008_340]
उर्वशी पूर्वचित्तिश्च सहजन्या च मेनका। विश्वाची च घृताची च षडेवाप्सरसां वराः ॥BORI: १-६८-६७॥
Urvashi, Purvachitti, Sahajanya, Menaka, Vishvachi, and Ghritachi are the six foremost among the apsarases. (BORI: 1-68-67)
[PV-OTH:01_008_341]
तासां मां मेनका नाम ब्रह्मयोनिर्वराप्सराः। दिवः सम्प्राप्य जगतीं विश्वामित्रादजीजनत् ॥BORI: १-६८-६८॥
Among them, the foremost Apsaras, Menaka, born of Brahma, came down from heaven to earth and bore me by Vishvamitra. (BORI: 1-68-68)
[PV-OTH:01_008_342]
सा मां हिमवतः पृष्ठे सुषुवे मेनकाप्सराः। अवकीर्य च मां याता परात्मजमिवासती ॥BORI: १-६८-६९॥
The Apsara Menaka gave birth to me on a ridge of the Himalaya; then that wicked woman cast me aside and departed as though I were someone else’s child. (BORI: 1-68-69)
[PV-OTH:01_008_343]
किं नु कर्माशुभं पूर्वं कृतवत्यस्मि जन्मनि। यदहं बान्धवैस्त्यक्ता बाल्ये सम्प्रति च त्वया ॥BORI: १-६८-७०॥
What evil deed did I commit in a former life, that I was abandoned by my kin in childhood and now by you? (BORI: 1-68-70)
[PV-OTH:01_008_344]
कामं त्वया परित्यक्ता गमिष्याम्यहमाश्रमम्। इमं तु बालं सन्त्यक्तुं नार्हस्यात्मजमात्मना ॥BORI: १-६८-७१॥
Though you have abandoned me, I will willingly return to the hermitage; but you must not abandon this child, your own son. (BORI: 1-68-71)
[PV-OTH:01_008_345]
न पुत्रमभिजानामि त्वयि जातं शकुन्तले। असत्यवचना नार्यः कस्ते श्रद्धास्यते वचः ॥BORI: १-६८-७२॥
I do not acknowledge this son born to you, Shakuntala. Women speak falsely; who will believe your word? (BORI: 1-68-72)
[PV-OTH:01_008_346]
मेनका निरनुक्रोशा बन्धकी जननी तव। यया हिमवतः पृष्ठे निर्माल्येव प्रवेरिता ॥BORI: १-६८-७३॥
Your mother Menaka was a heartless courtesan, who cast you away on the slopes of the Himalaya like a discarded garland. (BORI: 1-68-73)
[PV-OTH:01_008_347]
स चापि निरनुक्रोशः क्षत्रयोनिः पिता तव। विश्वामित्रो ब्राह्मणत्वे लुब्धः कामपरायणः ॥BORI: १-६८-७४॥
Your father too was merciless: Viśvāmitra, born a Kṣatriya, greedy for Brahminhood and devoted to sensual pleasure. (BORI: 1-68-74)
[PV-OTH:01_008_348]
मेनकाप्सरसां श्रेष्ठा महर्षीणां च ते पिता। तयोरपत्यं कस्मात्त्वं पुंश्चलीवाभिधास्यसि ॥BORI: १-६८-७५॥
Menaka is the foremost of the Apsarases, and your father is one of the great seers. Why will you, their offspring, speak like a harlot? (BORI: 1-68-75)
[PV-OTH:01_008_349]
अश्रद्धेयमिदं वाक्यं कथयन्ती न लज्जसे। विशेषतो मत्सकाशे दुष्टतापसि गम्यताम् ॥BORI: १-६८-७६॥
Are you not ashamed to tell such an unbelievable tale, especially in my presence? Be gone, wicked ascetic woman! (BORI: 1-68-76)
[PV-OTH:01_008_350]
क्व महर्षिः सदैवोग्रः साप्सरा क्व च मेनका। क्व च त्वमेवं कृपणा तापसीवेषधारिणी ॥BORI: १-६८-७७॥
What comparison is there between the ever-stern great seer and the apsara Menaka—and you, so wretched, wearing the garb of an ascetic woman? (BORI: 1-68-77)
[PV-OTH:01_008_351]
अतिकायश्च पुत्रस्ते बालोऽपि बलवानयम्। कथमल्पेन कालेन शालस्कन्ध इवोद्गतः ॥BORI: १-६८-७८॥
And this son of yours is enormous; though still a child, he is powerful. How has he grown in so short a time, like the trunk of a sal tree? (BORI: 1-68-78)
[PV-OTH:01_008_352]
सुनिकृष्टा च योनिस्ते पुंश्चली प्रतिभासि मे। यदृच्छया कामरागाज्जाता मेनकया ह्यसि ॥BORI: १-६८-७९॥
Your birth is very base, and you seem to me a wanton woman, for Menaka bore you by chance, out of lustful passion. (BORI: 1-68-79)
[PV-OTH:01_008_353]
सर्वमेतत्परोक्षं मे यत्त्वं वदसि तापसि। नाहं त्वामभिजानामि यथेष्टं गम्यतां त्वया ॥BORI: १-६८-८०॥
All this that you are telling me is unknown to me, ascetic woman. I do not recognize you; go wherever you please. (BORI: 1-68-80)
[PV-OTH:01_008_354]
प्रतिज्ञाय च दुष्यन्ते प्रतियाते दिने दिने । गर्भश्च ववृधे तस्यां राजपुत्र्यां महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९५-१॥
After Dushyanta had made his promise and departed, his unborn child grew day by day within the princess. (KUMB: 1-95-1)
[PV-SVO:01_008_355]
शकुन्तला चिन्तयन्ती राजानं कार्यगौरवात् । दिवारात्रमनिद्रैव स्नानभोजनवर्जिता ॥KUMB: १-९५-२॥
Thinking of the king because of the gravity of the matter, Shakuntala remained sleepless day and night, neither bathing nor eating... (KUMB: 1-95-2)
[PV-SVO:01_008_356]
राजप्रेषणिका विप्राश्चतुरङ्गबलान्विताः । अद्य श्वो वा परश्वो वा समायान्तीति निस्चिता ॥KUMB: १-९५-३॥
She was certain that Brahmins sent by the king, accompanied by a fourfold army, would arrive today, tomorrow, or the day after. (KUMB: 1-95-3)
[PV-SVO:01_008_357]
दिनान्पक्षानृतून्मासानयनानि च सर्वशः । गण्यमानानि वर्षाणि व्यतीयुस्त्रीणि भारत ॥KUMB: १-९५-४॥
As days, fortnights, seasons, months, and half-years were counted one by one, three years passed, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-95-4)
[PV-SVO:01_008_358]
त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु ऋषेर्वचनगौरवात् । ऋषिपत्न्यः सुबहुशो हेतुमद्वाक्यमब्रुवन् ॥KUMB: १-९५-५॥
When three years had passed, the sages’ wives, out of respect for the sage’s word, repeatedly spoke words of reason. (KUMB: 1-95-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_359]
शृणु भद्रे लोकवृत्तं श्रुत्वा यद्रोचते तव । तत्कुरुष्व हितं देवि नावमान्यं गुरोर्वचः ॥KUMB: १-९५-६॥
Listen, dear lady, to the ways of the world, and when you have heard, do whatever pleases you. But, noble lady, your husband’s command is for your own good and must not be disregarded. (KUMB: 1-95-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_360]
देवानां दैवतं विष्णुर्विप्राणामग्निर्ब्रह्म च । नारीणां दैवतं भर्ता लोकानां ब्राह्मणो गुरुः ॥KUMB: १-९५-७॥
Vishnu is the deity of the gods; fire and sacred knowledge are the deities of Brahmins; a husband is the deity of women; and a Brahmin is the teacher of all people. (KUMB: 1-95-7)
[PV-SVO:01_008_361]
सूतिकाले प्रसूष्वेति भगवांस्ते पिताऽब्रवीत् । करिष्यामीति कर्तव्यं तदा ते सुकृतं भवेत् ॥KUMB: १-९५-८॥
At the time of childbirth, your venerable father told you, “Give birth.” You should comply, saying, “I will do so”; then it will be a meritorious deed for you. (KUMB: 1-95-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_362]
पत्नीनां वचनं श्रुत्वा साधु साध्वित्यचिन्तयत्। गर्भं सुषाव वामोरूः कुमारममितौजसम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-९॥
Hearing the wives’ words, the fair-thighed woman thought, “Excellent! Excellent!” and gave birth to a son of immeasurable vigor. (KUMB: 1-95-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_363]
जाते तस्मिन्नन्तरिक्षात्पुष्पवृष्टिः पपात ह । देवदुन्दुभयो नेदुर्ननृतुश्चाप्सरोगणाः ॥KUMB: १-९५-११॥
When he was born, a shower of flowers fell from the sky, the divine drums resounded, and hosts of Apsarases danced. (KUMB: 1-95-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_364]
गायद्भिर्मधुरं तत्र देवैः शक्रोऽभ्युवाच ह । शकुन्तले तव सुतश्चक्रवर्ती भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९५-१२॥
As the gods sang sweetly there, Shakra said, “Shakuntala, your son will become a universal emperor.” (KUMB: 1-95-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_365]
बलं तेजश्च रूपं च न समं भुवि केनचित् । आहर्ता वाजिमेधस्य शतसङ्ख्यस्य पौरवः ॥KUMB: १-९५-१३॥
His strength, splendor, and beauty will be unequalled by anyone on earth. The descendant of Puru will perform a hundred horse sacrifices. (KUMB: 1-95-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_366]
अनेकारपि साहस्रै राजसूयादिभिर्मखैः । स्वार्थं ब्राह्मणसात्कृत्वा दक्षिणाममितां ददत् ॥KUMB: १-९५-१४॥
performing many thousands of sacrifices such as the Rājasūya, making his wealth over to the Brahmins, and giving immeasurable sacrificial gifts... (KUMB: 1-95-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_367]
देवतानां वचः श्रुत्वा कण्वाश्रमनिवासिनः । सभाजयन्तः कण्वस्य सुतां सर्वे महर्षयः ॥KUMB: १-९५-१५॥
Having heard the words of the gods, all the great seers who dwelt in Kanva’s hermitage honored Kanva’s daughter… (KUMB: 1-95-15)
[PV-SVO:01_008_368]
शकुन्तला च तच्छ्रुत्वा परं हर्षमवाप सा । द्विजानाहूय मुनिभिः सत्कृत्य च महायशाः ॥KUMB: १-९५-१६॥
Hearing this, Shakuntala was filled with great joy. The illustrious one, having summoned and honored the Brahmins, through the sages… (KUMB: 1-95-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_369]
यथाविधि यथान्यायं क्रियाः सर्वास्त्वकारयत् । दन्तैः शुक्लैः शिखरिभिःसिंहसंहननोऽभवत् ॥KUMB: १-९५-१८॥
She had all the rites performed in the prescribed and proper manner. He had white, pointed teeth and the build of a lion. (KUMB: 1-95-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_370]
चक्राङ्कितकरः श्रीमान्स्वयं विष्णुरिवापरः । चतुष्किष्कुर्महातेजा महामूर्धा महाबलः ॥KUMB: १-९५-१९॥
Splendid, with a discus-marked hand, like a second Vishnu himself, four cubits tall, radiant, large-headed, and immensely strong. (KUMB: 1-95-19)
[PV-SVO:01_008_371]
कुमारो देवगर्भाभः स तत्राशु व्यवर्धत । ऋषेर्भयात्तु दुष्यन्तः स्मरन्नैवाह्वयत्तदा ॥KUMB: १-९५-२०॥
The boy, resembling a child of the gods, quickly grew there. But although Duṣyanta remembered, he did not summon her then, for fear of the sage. (KUMB: 1-95-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_372]
गते काले तु महति न सस्मार तपोधनाम्। षड्वर्षेषु ततो बालः कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति ॥KUMB: १-९५-२१॥
But after a long time had passed, he did not remember the ascetic woman. Then, at the age of six, the boy, around Kanva’s hermitage… (KUMB: 1-95-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_373]
व्याघ्रान्सिंहान्वराहांश्च वृकांश्च महिषांस्तथा । ऋक्षांश्चाभ्यहनद्व्यालान्पद्भ्यामाश्रमपीडकान् ॥KUMB: १-९५-२२॥
He struck with his feet the tigers, lions, boars, wolves, buffalo, bears, and other savage beasts that plagued the hermitage… (KUMB: 1-95-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_374]
बलाद्भुजाभ्यां संगृह्य बलवान्संनियम्य च। बद्ध्वा वृक्षेषु दौष्यन्तिराश्रमस्य समन्ततः ॥KUMB: १-९५-२३॥
the mighty son of Duhshyanta forcibly seizing them in his arms, subduing them, and tying them to trees all around the hermitage… (KUMB: 1-95-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_375]
आरुरोह द्रुमांश्चैव क्रीडन्स्म परिधावति । वनं च लोडयामास सिंहव्याघ्रगणैर्वृतम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-२४॥
He climbed trees and ran about at play, throwing into turmoil the forest filled with prides of lions and tigers. (KUMB: 1-95-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_376]
ततश्च राक्षसान्सर्वान्पिशाचांश्च रिपून्रणे । मुष्टियुद्धेन तान्हत्वा ऋषीनाराधयत्तदा ॥KUMB: १-९५-२५॥
Then, after killing in battle with his fists all the Rakshasas, Pisachas, and other enemies, he won the favor of the sages. (KUMB: 1-95-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_377]
कश्चिद्दितिसुतस्तं तु हन्तुकामो महाबलः । वध्यमानांस्तु दैतेयानमर्षी तं समभ्ययात् ॥KUMB: १-९५-२६॥
But a certain mighty son of Diti, intent on killing him and unable to bear the slaughter of the Daityas, advanced upon him. (KUMB: 1-95-26)
[PV-SVO:01_008_378]
तमागतं प्रहस्यैव बाहुभ्यां परिगृह्य च । दृढं चाबध्य बाहुभ्यां पीडयामास तं तदा ॥KUMB: १-९५-२७॥
Laughing at him as he approached, he seized him in both arms, clasped him tightly, and crushed him. (KUMB: 1-95-27)
[PV-SVO:01_008_379]
मर्दितो न शशाकास्मान्मोचितुं बलवत्तया । प्राक्रोशद्भैरवं तत्र द्वारेभ्यो निःसृतं त्वसृक् ॥KUMB: १-९५-२८॥
Though crushed, he could not break free from us by force. He let out a terrible cry there, and blood flowed from his bodily openings. (KUMB: 1-95-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_380]
तेन शब्देन वित्रस्ता मृगाः सिंहादयो गणाः । सुस्रुवुश्च शकृन्मूत्रमाश्रमस्थाश्च सुस्रुवुः ॥KUMB: १-९५-२९॥
Terrified by that sound, the herds of wild beasts—lions and the like—discharged feces and urine, as did the inhabitants of the hermitage. (KUMB: 1-95-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_381]
निरसुं जानुभिः कृत्वा विससर्ज च सोऽपतत् । तद्दृष्ट्वा विस्मयं जग्मुः कुमारस्य विचेष्टितम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-३०॥
He crushed him lifeless with his knees and released him, and he fell. Seeing this feat of the boy, they were amazed. (KUMB: 1-95-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_382]
नित्यकालं वध्यमाना दैतेया राक्षसैः सह । कुमारस्य भयादेव नैव जग्मुस्तदाश्रमम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-३१॥
Though the Daityas and Rakshasas were constantly being slain, out of fear of the boy they never went near that hermitage. (KUMB: 1-95-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_383]
ततोऽस्य नाम चक्रुस्ते कण्वाश्रमनिवासिनः । कण्वेन सहिताः सर्वे दृष्ट्वा कर्मातिमानुषम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-३२॥
Then all the residents of Kanva’s hermitage, together with Kanva, gave him a name after witnessing his superhuman deed. (KUMB: 1-95-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_384]
विक्रमेणौजसा चैव बलेन च समन्वितः । अप्रेषयति दुष्यन्ते महिष्यास्तनयस्य च ॥KUMB: १-९५-३४॥
He was endowed with prowess, vigor, and strength. When Duṣyanta did not send for his queen and son… (KUMB: 1-95-34)
[PV-SVO:01_008_385]
पाण्डुभावपरीताङ्गीं चिन्तया समभिप्लुताम् । लम्बालकां कृशां दीनां तथा मलिनवाससम् ॥KUMB: १-९५-३५॥
pale-limbed, overwhelmed by anxiety, with long, hanging locks, emaciated and miserable, and wearing soiled clothes… (KUMB: 1-95-35)
[PV-SVO:01_008_386]
शकुन्तलां च संप्रेक्ष्य प्रदध्यौ स मुनिस्तदा । शास्त्राणि सर्ववेदाश्च द्वादशाब्दस्य चाभवन् ॥KUMB: १-९५-३६॥
Seeing Shakuntala, the sage then pondered. By the age of twelve, he had mastered all the scriptures and all the Vedas. (KUMB: 1-95-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_387]
शकुन्तलां समाहूय कण्वो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-२॥
Kanva summoned Shakuntala and said: (KUMB: 1-96-2)
[PV-SVO:01_008_388]
कण्व उवाच । शृणु भद्रे मम सुते मम वाक्यं शुचिस्मिते ॥KUMB: १-९६-२क्ष्॥
Kanva said, “Listen, my dear daughter, pure-smiling one, to what I have to say.” (KUMB: 1-96-2क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_008_389]
पतिव्रतानां नारीणां विशिष्टमिति चोच्यते । पतिशुश्रूषणं पूर्वं मनोवाक्कायचेष्टितैः ॥KUMB: १-९६-३॥
For devoted wives, serving their husbands with mind, speech, and body is said to be the foremost duty. (KUMB: 1-96-3)
[PV-SVO:01_008_390]
अनुज्ञाता मया पूर्वं पूजयैतद्व्रतं तव । एतेनैव च वृत्तेन पुण्याँल्लोकानवाप्य च ॥KUMB: १-९६-४॥
You have already received my permission; observe this vow of yours. And through this very way of life, having attained the blessed worlds... (KUMB: 1-96-4)
[PV-SVO:01_008_391]
तस्यान्ते मानुषे लोके विशिष्टां तप्स्यसे श्रियम् । तस्माद्भद्रेऽद्य यातव्यं समीपं पौरवस्य ह ॥KUMB: १-९६-५॥
At the end of that, you will shine with exceptional splendor in the human world. Therefore, fair one, you must go today to the Paurava. (KUMB: 1-96-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_392]
स्वयं नायाति मत्वा ते गतं कालं शुचिस्मिते । गत्वाऽऽराधय राजानं दुष्यन्तं हितकाम्यया ॥KUMB: १-९६-६॥
He does not come himself, thinking that your time has passed, O pure-smiling one. Go and win King Dushyanta’s favor, seeking your own good. (KUMB: 1-96-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_393]
दौष्यन्तिं यौवराज्यस्थं दृष्ट्वा प्रीतिमवाप्स्यसि । देवतानां गुरूणां च क्षत्रियाणां च भामिनि ॥KUMB: १-९६-७॥
Seeing Dushyanta’s son installed as heir apparent, you will rejoice. O radiant woman, for the gods, elders, and Kshatriyas… (KUMB: 1-96-7)
[PV-SVO:01_008_394]
भर्तॄणां च विशेषेम हितं संगमनं भवेत् । तस्मात्पुत्रि कुमारेण गन्तव्यं मत्प्रियेप्सया ॥KUMB: १-९६-८॥
Association with husbands in particular is beneficial. Therefore, daughter, you must go with the boy if you wish to please me. (KUMB: 1-96-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_395]
प्रतिवाक्यं न दद्यास्त्वं शपिता मम पादयोः ॥KUMB: १-९६-९॥
Do not answer back; I adjure you by my feet. (KUMB: 1-96-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_396]
एवमुक्त्वा सुतां तत्र पौत्रं कण्वोऽभ्यभाषत । परिष्वज्य च बाहुभ्यां मूर्ध्न्युपाघ्राय पौरवम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-१०॥
After speaking thus to his daughter, Kanva embraced his grandson, the Paurava, in both arms, kissed him on the head, and addressed him: (KUMB: 1-96-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_397]
सोमवंशोद्भवो राजा दुष्यन्त इति विश्रुतः । तस्याग्रमहिषी चैषा तव माता शुचिव्रता ॥KUMB: १-९६-११॥
King Duṣyanta, renowned as a descendant of the Lunar dynasty, is your father; and this woman, his chief queen, is your mother, faithful to her vows. (KUMB: 1-96-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_398]
गन्तुकामा भर्तृपार्श्वं त्वया सह सुमध्यमा । गत्वाऽभिवाद्य राजनं यौवराज्यमवाप्स्यसि ॥KUMB: १-९६-१२॥
This slender-waisted woman wishes to go with you to her husband's side. Once there, you will pay homage to the king and attain the office of crown prince. (KUMB: 1-96-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_399]
स पिता तव राजेन्द्रस्तस्य त्वं वशगो भव । पितृपैतामहं राज्यमातिष्ठस्व स्वभावतः ॥KUMB: १-९६-१३॥
That king of kings is your father; obey him. Take your rightful place in the kingdom of your father and forefathers. (KUMB: 1-96-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_400]
तस्मिन्काले स्वराज्यस्थो मामनुस्मर पौरव ॥KUMB: १-९६-१४॥
When that time comes and you are established in your own kingdom, remember me, descendant of Puru. (KUMB: 1-96-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_401]
अभिवाद्य मुनेः पादौ पौरवो वाक्यमब्रवीत् । त्वं पिता मम विप्रर्षे त्वं माता त्वं गतिश्च मे ॥KUMB: १-९६-१५॥
Having bowed at the sage’s feet, Paurava said, “O Brahmin seer, you are my father, you are my mother, and you are my refuge.” (KUMB: 1-96-15)
[PV-SVO:01_008_402]
न चान्यं पितरं मन्ये त्वामृते तु महातपः । तव शुश्रूषणं पुण्यमिह लोके परत्र च ॥KUMB: १-९६-१६॥
Apart from you, great ascetic, I acknowledge no other father. Serving you is meritorious both in this world and the next. (KUMB: 1-96-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_403]
शकुन्तला भर्तृकामा स्वयं यातु यथेष्टतः । अहं सुश्रूषणपरः पादमूले वसामि वः ॥KUMB: १-९६-१७॥
Let Śakuntalā, who desires a husband, go wherever she wishes of her own accord. Devoted to serving you, I shall remain at your feet. (KUMB: 1-96-17)
[PV-SVO:01_008_404]
क्रीडां व्यालमृगैः सार्धं करिष्ये न पुरा यथा । त्वच्छासनपरो नित्यं स्वाध्यायं च करोम्यहम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-१८॥
I will no longer play with wild beasts as I did before. Ever obedient to your commands, I will devote myself to sacred study. (KUMB: 1-96-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_405]
एवमुक्त्वा तु संश्लिष्य पादौ कण्वस्य तिष्ठतः । तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा प्ररुरोद शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-९६-१९॥
Having said this, he clasped the feet of Kanva, who stood there. Hearing those words of his, Shakuntala burst into tears. (KUMB: 1-96-19)
[PV-SVO:01_008_406]
स्नेहात्पितुश्च पुत्रस्य हर्षशोकसमन्विता । निशाम्य रुदतीमार्तां दौष्यन्तिर्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-२०॥
Out of affection for both her father and her son, she was filled with joy and sorrow. Seeing her weeping in distress, Dushyanta’s son said: (KUMB: 1-96-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_407]
श्रुत्वा भगवतो वाक्यं किं रोदिषि शकुन्तले । गन्तव्यं काल्य उत्थाय भर्तृप्रीतिस्ववास्ति चेत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-२१॥
Having heard the venerable one’s words, why are you weeping, Shakuntala? If you love your husband, we must rise at dawn and depart. (KUMB: 1-96-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_408]
एकस्तु कुरुते पापं फलं भुङ्क्ते महाजनः । मया निवारितो नित्यं न करोषि वचो मम ॥KUMB: १-९६-२२॥
One person commits the wrong, but many people suffer the consequences. Though I constantly try to restrain you, you do not heed my words. (KUMB: 1-96-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_409]
निःसृतान्कुञ्जरान्नित्यं बाहुभ्यां संप्रमथ्य वै । वनं च लोडयन्नित्यं सिंहव्याघ्रगणैर्वृतम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-२३॥
repeatedly overpowering with your own arms elephants that had broken loose, and continually ravaging the forest inhabited by prides of lions and tigers... (KUMB: 1-96-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_410]
एवंविधानि चान्यानि कृत्वा वै पुरुनन्दन । रुषितो भगवांस्तात तस्मादावां विवासितौ ॥KUMB: १-९६-२४॥
After you had done these and other such things, O descendant of Puru, the venerable sage became angry, dear son, and the two of us were banished because of it. (KUMB: 1-96-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_411]
नाहं गच्छामि दुष्यन्तं नास्मि पुत्र हितैषिणी । पादमूले वसिष्यामि महर्षेर्भावितात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९६-२५॥
I will not go to Dushyanta, my son. I have no concern for my own welfare. I shall live at the feet of the great sage whose spirit is perfected. (KUMB: 1-96-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_412]
एवमुक्त्वा तु रुदती पपात मुनिपादयोः । एवं विलपतीं कण्वश्चानुनीय च हेतुभिः । पुनः प्रोवाच भगवानानृशंस्याद्धितं वचः ॥KUMB: १-९६-२६॥
Having said this, she fell weeping at the sage’s feet. After consoling the lamenting Śakuntalā with reasoned arguments, the venerable Kaṇva, moved by compassion, again spoke these salutary words: (KUMB: 1-96-26)
[PV-SVO:01_008_413]
शकुन्तले शृणुष्वेदं हितं पथ्यं च भामिनि । पतिव्रताभावगुणान्हित्वा साध्यं न किंचन ॥KUMB: १-९६-२७॥
Śakuntala, radiant lady, listen to this beneficial and wholesome counsel: nothing can be accomplished by abandoning the virtues of a devoted wife. (KUMB: 1-96-27)
[PV-SVO:01_008_414]
प्रतिव्रतानां देवा वै तुष्टाः सर्वरप्रदाः । प्रसादं च करिष्यन्ति आपदो मोक्षयन्ति च ॥KUMB: १-९६-२८॥
The gods are indeed pleased with devoted wives and grant every boon; they will show them favor and deliver them from misfortunes. (KUMB: 1-96-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_415]
पतिप्रसादात्पुण्यं च प्राप्नुवन्ति न चाशुभम् । तस्माद्गत्वा तु राजानमाराधय शुचिस्मिते ॥KUMB: १-९६-२९॥
Through their husbands’ favor they attain merit and no misfortune. Therefore, fair-smiling woman, go and win the king’s favor. (KUMB: 1-96-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_416]
शकुन्तलां तथोक्त्वा वै शाकुन्तलमथाब्रवीत् । दौहित्रो मम पौत्रस्त्वमिलिलस्य महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९६-३०॥
Having spoken thus to Shakuntala, he then said to Shakuntala’s son, “You are my daughter’s son and the grandson of the noble Ilila.” (KUMB: 1-96-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_417]
शृणुष्व वचनं सत्यं प्रब्रवीमि तवानघ । मनसा भर्तृकामा वै वाग्भिरुक्त्वा पृथग्विधम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-३१॥
Listen to the truth I tell you, blameless one. Though she longs in her heart for her husband, after speaking in various ways… (KUMB: 1-96-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_418]
गन्तुं नेच्छति कल्याणी तस्मात्तात वहस्व वै । शक्तस्त्वं प्रतिगन्तुं च मुनिभिः सह पौरव ॥KUMB: १-९६-३२॥
The noble woman does not wish to leave. Therefore, dear one, take her with you. You can return with the sages, O Paurava. (KUMB: 1-96-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_419]
धर्माभिपूजितं पुत्रं काश्यपेन निशाम्य तु । काश्यपात्प्राप्य चानुज्ञां मुमुदे च शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-९६-३६॥
Seeing her son duly honored by Kashyapa and receiving Kashyapa’s permission, Shakuntala rejoiced. (KUMB: 1-96-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_420]
कण्वस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा प्रतिगच्छेति चासकृत् । तथेत्युक्त्वा तु कण्वं च मातरं पौरवोऽब्रवीत् । किं चिरायसि मातस्त्वं गमिष्यामो नृपालयम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-३७॥
Hearing Kanva repeatedly say, “Return,” the Paurava replied, “So be it,” and said to his mother, “Why do you delay, Mother? We shall go to the king’s palace.” (KUMB: 1-96-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_421]
एवमुक्त्वा तु तां देवीं दुष्यन्तस्य महात्मनः । अभिवाद्य मुनेः पादौ गन्तुमैच्छत्स पौरवः ॥KUMB: १-९६-३८॥
Having thus addressed the queen of the magnanimous Dushyanta, the Paurava bowed at the sage’s feet and wished to depart. (KUMB: 1-96-38)
[PV-SVO:01_008_422]
शकुन्तला च पितरमभिवाद्य कृताञ्जलिः । प्रदक्षिणीकृत्य तदा पितरं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-३९॥
Shakuntala bowed to her father with joined palms, then walked respectfully around him and said: (KUMB: 1-96-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_423]
अज्ञानान्मे पिता चेति दुरुक्तं वापि चानृतम् । अकार्यं वाप्यनिष्टं वा क्षन्तुमर्हति तद्भवान् ॥KUMB: १-९६-४०॥
If, through ignorance or because I regarded you as my father, I have said anything offensive or untrue, or done anything improper or displeasing, you should forgive me for it. (KUMB: 1-96-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_424]
एवमुक्तो नतशिरा मुनिर्नोवाच किंचन । मनुष्यभावात्कण्वोऽपि मुनिरश्रूण्यवर्तयत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-४१॥
Thus addressed, the sage bowed his head and said nothing. Even the sage Kanva, moved by human feeling, shed tears. (KUMB: 1-96-41)
[PV-SVO:01_008_425]
अब्भक्षान्वायुभक्षांश्च शीर्णपर्णाशनान्मुनीन् । फलमूलाशिनो दान्तान्कृशान्धमनिसंततान् ॥KUMB: १-९६-४२॥
the self-controlled sages who subsisted on water, air, withered leaves, fruits, and roots, emaciated and covered with prominent veins… (KUMB: 1-96-42)
[PV-SVO:01_008_426]
व्रतिनो जटिलान्मुण्डान्वल्कलाजिनसंवृतान् । समाहूय मुनिः कण्वः कारुण्यादिदमब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९६-४३॥
Out of compassion, the sage Kaṇva summoned the ascetics—those observing vows, those with matted hair, those with shaven heads, and those clad in bark and deerskins—and spoke these words: (KUMB: 1-96-43)
[PV-SVO:01_008_427]
मया तु लालिता नित्यं मम पुत्री यशस्विनी । वने जाता विवृद्धा च न च जानाति किंचन ॥KUMB: १-९६-४४॥
My renowned daughter, born and raised in the forest, has always been cherished by me and knows nothing of the world. (KUMB: 1-96-44)
[PV-SVO:01_008_428]
आश्रमात्तु पथा सर्वैर्नीयतां क्षत्रियालयम् । द्वितीययोजने विप्राः प्रतिष्ठानं प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-४५॥
Let all of you escort her from the hermitage by road to the Kshatriya’s residence. Brahmins, Pratishthana lies two yojanas away. (KUMB: 1-96-45)
[PV-SVO:01_008_429]
प्रतिष्ठाने पुरे राजा शाकुन्तलपितामहः । अध्युवास चिरं कालमुर्वश्या सहितः पुरा ॥KUMB: १-९६-४६॥
Long ago, the king who was Shakuntala’s forefather lived for many years in the city of Pratishthana together with Urvashi. (KUMB: 1-96-46)
[PV-SVO:01_008_430]
अनूपजाङ्गलयुतं धनधान्यसमाकुलम् । प्रतिष्ठितं पुरवरं गङ्गायामुनसङ्गमे ॥KUMB: १-९६-४७॥
a splendid city established at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna, encompassing both wetlands and dry country and abounding in wealth and grain. (KUMB: 1-96-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_431]
तत्र सङ्गममासाद्य स्नात्वा हुतहुताशनाः । शाकमूलफलाहारा निवर्तध्वं तपोधनाः । अन्यथा तु भवेद्विप्रा अध्वनो गमने श्रमः ॥KUMB: १-९६-४८॥
Once you have reached the confluence there, bathed, and made offerings in the fire, turn back, O ascetics who live on greens, roots, and fruits. Otherwise, Brahmins, the journey would weary you. (KUMB: 1-96-48)
[PV-SVO:01_008_432]
शकुन्तलां समादाय मुनयो धर्मवत्सलाः । ते वनानि नदीः शैलान्गिरिप्रस्रवणानि च ॥KUMB: १-९६-५१॥
Taking Śakuntalā with them, those sages devoted to righteousness, through forests, rivers, mountains, and mountain springs... (KUMB: 1-96-51)
[PV-SVO:01_008_433]
कन्दराणि नितम्बांश्च राष्ट्राणि नगराणि च । आश्रमाणि च पुण्यानि गत्वा चैव गतश्रमाः ॥KUMB: १-९६-५२॥
caves and mountain slopes, kingdoms and cities, and sacred hermitages; having traveled on, refreshed from their weariness… (KUMB: 1-96-52)
[PV-SVO:01_008_434]
शनैर्मध्याह्नवेलायां प्रतिष्ठानं समाययुः । तां पुरीं पुरुहूतेन ऐलस्यार्थे विनिर्मिताम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-५३॥
Around midday, they slowly arrived at Pratishthana, the city built by Puruhuta for Aila. (KUMB: 1-96-53)
[PV-SVO:01_008_435]
परिघाट्टालकैर्मुख्यैरुपकल्पशतैरपि । शतघ्नीचक्रयन्त्रैश्च गुप्तामन्यैर्दुरासदाम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-५४॥
guarded by excellent barriers and watchtowers, by hundreds of defensive contrivances, and by śataghnīs, wheels, machines, and other devices, making it unassailable. (KUMB: 1-96-54)
[PV-SVO:01_008_436]
हर्म्यप्रसादसंबाधां नानापण्यविभूषिताम् । मण्टपैः ससभै रम्यैः प्रपाभिश्च समावृताम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-५५॥
crowded with mansions and palaces, adorned with all kinds of merchandise, and filled with delightful pavilions, assembly halls, and public drinking fountains; (KUMB: 1-96-55)
[PV-SVO:01_008_437]
राजमार्गेण महता सुविभक्तेन शोभिताम् । कैलासशिखराकारैर्गोपुरैः समलङ्कृताम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-५६॥
graced by a great, well-planned royal road and adorned with gate-towers resembling the peaks of Kailasa, (KUMB: 1-96-56)
[PV-SVO:01_008_438]
द्वारतोरणनिर्यूहैर्मङ्गलैरुपशोभिताम् । उद्यानाम्रवणोपेतां महतीं सालमेखलाम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-५७॥
adorned with auspicious gateways, arches, and turrets, furnished with gardens and mango groves—a great city girdled by ramparts... (KUMB: 1-96-57)
[PV-SVO:01_008_439]
सर्वपुष्करिणीभिश्च उद्यानैश्च समावृताम् । वर्णाश्रमैः स्वधर्मस्थैर्नित्योत्सवसमाहितैः ॥KUMB: १-९६-५८॥
surrounded by lotus ponds of every kind and by gardens, and by people of every class and stage of life, steadfast in their own duties and devoted to continual festivities... (KUMB: 1-96-58)
[PV-SVO:01_008_440]
धनधान्यसमृद्धैश्च संतुष्टै रत्नपूजितैः । कृतयज्ञैश्च विद्वद्भिरग्निहोत्रपरैः सदा ॥KUMB: १-९६-५९॥
with learned men who were rich in wealth and grain, contented, honored with jewels, had performed sacrifices, and were always devoted to the Agnihotra... (KUMB: 1-96-59)
[PV-SVO:01_008_441]
वर्जिता कार्यकरणैर्दानशीलैर्दयापरैः । अधर्मभीरुभिः सर्वैः स्वर्गलोकजिगीषुभिः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६०॥
by all who refrained from wrongdoing, were charitable and devoted to compassion, feared unrighteousness, and sought to win the world of heaven— (KUMB: 1-96-60)
[PV-SVO:01_008_442]
एवंविधजनोपेतमिन्द्रलोकमिवापरम् । तस्मिन्नगरमध्ये तु राजवेश्म प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-६१॥
In the midst of that city stood the royal palace, filled with people of this kind and resembling another realm of Indra. (KUMB: 1-96-61)
[PV-SVO:01_008_443]
इन्द्रसद्मप्रतीकाशं संपूर्णं वित्तसंचयैः । तस्य मध्ये सभा दिव्या नानारत्नविभूषिता ॥KUMB: १-९६-६२॥
resembling Indra’s abode and filled with stores of wealth. In its midst was a divine assembly hall adorned with many kinds of jewels. (KUMB: 1-96-62)
[PV-SVO:01_008_444]
तस्यां सभायां राजर्षिः सर्वालङ्कारभूषितः । ब्राह्मणैः क्षत्रियैश्चापि मन्त्रिभिश्चापि संवृतः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६३॥
In that hall, the royal sage, adorned with every ornament and surrounded by Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and ministers... (KUMB: 1-96-63)
[PV-SVO:01_008_445]
संस्तूयमानो राजेन्द्रः सूतमागधबन्दिभिः । कार्यार्थिषु तदाऽभ्येत्य कृत्वा कार्यं गतेषु सः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६४॥
Praised by Sutas, Magadhas, and bards, the lord of kings, once the petitioners had come, had their business attended to, and departed, he… (KUMB: 1-96-64)
[PV-SVO:01_008_446]
सुखासीनोऽभवद्राजा तस्मिन्काले महर्षयः । शकुन्तानां स्वनं श्रुत्वा निमित्तज्ञास्त्वलक्षयन् ॥KUMB: १-९६-६५॥
The king was seated at ease. At that time, the great seers, skilled in omens, heard the cries of birds and discerned the signs. (KUMB: 1-96-65)
[PV-SVO:01_008_447]
शकुन्तले निमित्तानि शोभनानि भवन्ति नः । कार्यसिद्धिं वदन्त्येते ध्रुवं राज्ञी भविष्यसि । अस्मिंस्तु दिवसे पुत्रो युवराजो भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९६-६६॥
Shakuntala, the omens are favorable for us. They foretell the success of our undertaking. You will surely become queen, and on this very day your son will become crown prince. (KUMB: 1-96-66)
[PV-SVO:01_008_448]
वर्धमानपुरद्वारं तूर्यघोषनिनादितम् । शकुन्तलां पुरस्कृत्य विविशुस्ते महर्षयः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६७॥
With Śakuntalā at their head, the great seers entered the gate of Vardhamānapura, which resounded with the blare of musical instruments. (KUMB: 1-96-67)
[PV-SVO:01_008_449]
प्रविशन्तं नृपसुतं प्रशशंसुश्च वीक्षकाः । वर्धमानपुरद्वारं प्रविशन्नेव पौरवः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६८॥
The onlookers praised the prince as he entered. As the Paurava entered the gate of Vardhamana… (KUMB: 1-96-68)
[PV-SVO:01_008_450]
इन्द्रलोकस्थमात्मानं मेने हर्षसमन्वितः ॥KUMB: १-९६-६९॥
Filled with joy, he thought himself to be in Indra’s realm. (KUMB: 1-96-69)
[PV-SVO:01_008_451]
ततो वै नागराः सर्वे समाहूय परस्परम् । द्रष्टुकामा नृपसुतं समपद्यन्त भारत ॥KUMB: १-९६-७०॥
Then all the townspeople summoned one another and gathered, eager to see the king’s son, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-96-70)
[PV-SVO:01_008_452]
देवतेव जनस्याग्रे भ्राजते श्रीरिवागता । जयन्तेनेव पौलोमी इन्द्रलोकादिहागता ॥KUMB: १-९६-७१॥
Before the people she shines like a goddess, like Śrī herself come among them—like Paulomī come here from Indra’s world with Jayanta. (KUMB: 1-96-71)
[PV-SVO:01_008_453]
इति ब्रुवन्तस्ते सर्वे महर्षीनिदमब्रुवन् । अभिवादयन्तः सहिता महर्षीन्देववर्चसः ॥KUMB: १-९६-७२॥
Speaking thus, they all joined in respectfully greeting the great sages of divine radiance and addressed them as follows: (KUMB: 1-96-72)
[PV-SVO:01_008_454]
अद्य नः सफलं जन्म कृतार्थाश्च ततो वयम् । एवं ये स्म प्रपश्यामो महर्षीन्सूर्यवर्चसः ॥KUMB: १-९६-७३॥
Today our birth has borne fruit, and we have thereby fulfilled our purpose, since we behold such great seers, radiant as the sun. (KUMB: 1-96-73)
[PV-SVO:01_008_455]
इत्युक्त्वा सहिताः केचिदन्वगच्छन्त पौरवम् । हैमवत्याः सुतमिव कुमारं पुष्करेक्षणम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-७४॥
Having said this, some of them followed the Paurava together, as though he were the lotus-eyed Kumara, son of Himavati. (KUMB: 1-96-74)
[PV-SVO:01_008_456]
ये केचिदब्रुवन्मूढाः शाकुन्तलदिदृक्षवः । कृष्णाजिनेन संछन्नाननिच्छन्तो ह्यवेक्षितुम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-७५॥
Some fools, eager to see Shakuntala’s son but unwilling to look at those clad in black antelope skins, said: (KUMB: 1-96-75)
[PV-SVO:01_008_457]
पिशाचा इव दृश्यन्ते नागराणां विरूपिणः । विना सन्ध्यां पिशाचास्ते प्रविशन्ति पुरोत्तमम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-७६॥
To the townspeople they look like hideous demons; those demons are entering the finest city at a time other than twilight. (KUMB: 1-96-76)
[PV-SVO:01_008_458]
क्षुत्पिपासार्दितान्दीनान्वल्कलाजिनवाससः । त्वगस्थिभूतान्निर्मांसान्धमनीसन्ततानपि ॥KUMB: १-९६-७७॥
those afflicted by hunger and thirst, wretched, clad in bark and deerskins, reduced to skin and bone, fleshless, and covered with veins... (KUMB: 1-96-77)
[PV-SVO:01_008_459]
पिङ्गलाक्षान्पिङ्गजटान्दीर्घदन्तान्निरूदरान् । विशीर्षकानूर्ध्वहस्तान्दृष्ट्वा हास्यन्ति नागराः ॥KUMB: १-९६-७८॥
The townspeople will laugh when they see them—tawny-eyed, with tawny matted hair, long teeth, sunken bellies, no heads, and arms raised aloft. (KUMB: 1-96-78)
[PV-SVO:01_008_460]
एवमुक्तवतां तेषां गिरं श्रुत्वा महर्षयः । अन्योन्यं ते समाहूय इदं वचनमब्रुवन् ॥KUMB: १-९६-७९॥
Hearing the words of those who had spoken thus, the great seers assembled together and said: (KUMB: 1-96-79)
[PV-SVO:01_008_461]
उक्तं भगवता वाक्यं न कृतं सत्यवादिना । पुरप्रवेशनं नात्र कर्तव्यमिति शासनम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-८०॥
The venerable truth-speaker’s words have not been obeyed. His command was: “We must not enter the city here.” (KUMB: 1-96-80)
[PV-SVO:01_008_462]
किं कारणं प्रवेक्ष्यामो नगरं दुर्जनैर्वृतम् । त्यक्तसङ्गस्य च मुनेर्नगरे किं प्रयोजनम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-८१॥
Why should we enter a city filled with wicked people? And what use does a sage who has renounced attachment have for a city? (KUMB: 1-96-81)
[PV-SVO:01_008_463]
गमिष्यामो वनं तस्माद्गङ्गायामुनसङ्गमम् । एवमुक्त्वा मुनिगणाः प्रतिजग्मुर्यथागतम् ॥KUMB: १-९६-८२॥
“Therefore, we shall go to the forest at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna.” Having said this, the company of sages returned the way they had come. (KUMB: 1-96-82)
[PV-SVO:01_008_464]
गतान्मुनिगणान्दृष्ट्वा पुत्रं संगृह्य पाणिना । मातापितृभ्यां रहिता यथा शोचन्ति दारकाः ॥KUMB: १-९७-१॥
Seeing that the bands of sages had departed and taking her son by the hand, as children deprived of their parents grieve... (KUMB: 1-97-1)
[PV-SVO:01_008_465]
तथा शोकपरीताङ्गी धृतिमालम्ब्य दुःखिता । गतेषु तेषु विप्रेषु राजमार्गेण भामिनी ॥KUMB: १-९७-२॥
So too, after those Brahmins had departed, the distressed, radiant woman, her body overcome by grief, mustering her courage, along the royal road… (KUMB: 1-97-2)
[PV-SVO:01_008_466]
पुत्रेणैव सहायेन सा जगाम शनैः शनैः । अदृष्टपूर्वान्पश्यन्वै राजमार्गेण पौरवः ॥KUMB: १-९७-३॥
With only her son as her companion, she went very slowly. The Paurava, seeing along the royal road sights he had never seen before... (KUMB: 1-97-3)
[PV-SVO:01_008_467]
हर्म्यप्रसादचैत्यांश्च सभा दिव्या विचित्रिताः । कौतूहलसमाविष्टो दृष्ट्वा विस्मयमागतः ॥KUMB: १-९७-४॥
Seeing mansions, palaces, shrines, and splendid, elaborately decorated assembly halls, he was filled with curiosity and amazement. (KUMB: 1-97-4)
[PV-SVO:01_008_468]
सर्वे ब्रुवन्ति तां दृष्ट्वा पद्महीनामिव श्रियम् । गत्या च संहीसदृशीं कोकिलेन स्वरे समाम् ॥KUMB: १-९७-५॥
Everyone who sees her says that she is like Śrī without her lotus, like a lioness in gait, and equal to a cuckoo in voice... (KUMB: 1-97-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_469]
मुखेन चन्द्रसदृशीं श्रिया पद्मालयासमाम् । स्मितेन कुन्दसदृशीं पद्मगर्भसमत्वचम् ॥KUMB: १-९७-६॥
her face like the moon, her beauty equal to Padmālaya’s, her smile like jasmine, and her complexion like the heart of a lotus… (KUMB: 1-97-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_470]
पद्मपत्रविशालाक्षीं तप्तजाम्बूनदप्रभाम् । करान्तमितमध्यैषा सुकेशी संहतस्तनी ॥KUMB: १-९७-७॥
with large eyes like lotus petals and the radiance of molten gold; her waist measures a handspan, and she has beautiful hair and close-set breasts. (KUMB: 1-97-7)
[PV-SVO:01_008_471]
जघनं सुविशालं वै ऊरू करिकरोपमौ । रक्ततुङ्गतलौ पादौ धरण्यां सुप्रतिष्ठितौ ॥KUMB: १-९७-८॥
with very broad hips, thighs like an elephant’s trunks, and feet with red, arched soles planted firmly on the ground. (KUMB: 1-97-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_472]
एवं रूपसमायुक्ता स्वर्गलोकादिवागता । इति स्म सर्वेऽमन्यन्त दुष्यन्तनगरे जनाः ॥KUMB: १-९७-९॥
All the people in Duṣyanta’s city thought, “Endowed with such beauty, she seems to have come from heaven itself.” (KUMB: 1-97-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_473]
पुनः पुनरवोचंस्ते शाकुन्तलगुणानपि । सिंहेक्षणः सिंहदंष्ट्रः सिंहस्कन्धो महाभुजः ॥KUMB: १-९७-१०॥
Again and again they spoke of the qualities of Shakuntala’s son as well: lion-eyed, lion-toothed, lion-shouldered, and mighty-armed... (KUMB: 1-97-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_474]
सिंहोरस्कः सिंहबलः सिंहविक्रान्तगाम्ययम् । पृथ्वंसः पृथुवक्षाश्च छत्राकारशिरा महान् ॥KUMB: १-९७-११॥
He is large, lion-chested, endowed with a lion’s strength, and walks with a lion’s stride. He is broad-shouldered and broad-chested, with a head shaped like a parasol. (KUMB: 1-97-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_475]
पाणिपादतले रक्तो रक्तास्यो दुन्दुभिस्वनः । राजलक्षणयुक्तश्च राजश्रीश्चास्य लक्ष्यते ॥KUMB: १-९७-१२॥
His palms and soles are red, his mouth is red, and his voice resounds like a kettledrum. He bears the marks of royalty, and royal majesty is evident in him. (KUMB: 1-97-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_476]
आकारेण च रूपेण शरीरेणापि तेजसा । दुष्यन्तेन समो ह्येष कस्य पुत्रो भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९७-१३॥
In bearing, appearance, physique, and splendor, he is just like Dushyanta. Whose son could he be? (KUMB: 1-97-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_477]
एवं ब्रुवन्तस्ते सर्वे प्रशशंसुः सहस्रशः । युक्तिवादानवोचन्त सर्वाः प्राणभृतः स्त्रियः ॥KUMB: १-९७-१४॥
Speaking thus, all of them praised him in their thousands, and all the women voiced reasoned arguments. (KUMB: 1-97-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_478]
बान्धवा इव सस्नेहा अनुजग्मुः शकुन्तलाम् । पौराणां तद्वचः श्रुत्वा तूष्णींभूता शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-९७-१५॥
With the affection of relatives, they followed Shakuntala. Hearing those words of the townspeople, Shakuntala fell silent. (KUMB: 1-97-15)
[PV-SVO:01_008_479]
वेश्मद्वारं समासाद्य विह्वला सा नृपात्मजा । चिन्तयामास सहसा कार्यगौरवकारणात् ॥KUMB: १-९७-१६॥
Reaching the entrance to the palace, the distraught king’s daughter suddenly began to reflect, troubled by the gravity of her purpose. (KUMB: 1-97-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_480]
लज्जया च परीताङ्गी राजन्राजसमक्षतः । अघृणा किं नु वक्ष्यामि दुष्यन्तं मम कारणात् ॥KUMB: १-९७-१७॥
Her whole body overcome with shame, O king, there in the king’s presence: “What can I, shameless woman that I am, say to Dushyanta on my own behalf?” (KUMB: 1-97-17)
[PV-SVO:01_008_481]
एवमुक्त्वा तु कृपणा चिन्तयन्ती शकुन्तला। अभिसृत्य च राजानं वेदिता सा प्रवेशिता ॥KUMB: १-९७-१८॥
Having spoken thus, the distressed Shakuntala, deep in thought, approached the king; she was announced and admitted… (KUMB: 1-97-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_482]
सह तेन कुमारेण तरुणादित्यवर्चसा । सिंहासनस्थं राजानं महेन्द्रसदृशद्युतिम् ॥KUMB: १-९७-१९॥
Together with that boy, radiant as the young sun, before the king seated on his throne, whose splendor equaled Mahendra’s… (KUMB: 1-97-19)
[PV-SVO:01_008_483]
निवेदयित्वा ते सर्वे आश्रमं पुनरागताः। पूजयित्वा यथान्यायमब्रवीच्च शकुन्तल ॥NILA: ०१.०७४.०१६॥
They all presented her to the king and returned to the hermitage. After duly honoring him, Shakuntala said… (NILA: 01.074.016)
[PV-SVO:01_008_484]
शकुन्तला नतशिराः परं हर्षमवाप्य च। पूजयित्वा यथान्यायमब्रवीत्तं शकुन्तला ॥KUMB: १-९७-२०॥
With her head bowed and filled with great joy, Shakuntala duly honored him and said to him: (KUMB: 1-97-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_485]
अभिवादय राजानं पितरं ते दृढव्रतम् । एवमुक्त्वा सुतं तत्र लज्जानतमुखी स्थिता ॥KUMB: १-९७-२१॥
“Greet the king, your father, who is firm in his vows.” Having thus addressed her son, she stood there with her face lowered in embarrassment. (KUMB: 1-97-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_486]
स्तम्भमालिङ्ग्य राजानं प्रसीदस्वेत्युवाच सा । शाकुन्तलोपि राजानमभिवाद्य कृताञ्जलिः ॥KUMB: १-९७-२२॥
Clinging to a pillar, she said to the king, “Be gracious.” Shakuntala’s son too, with palms joined, saluted the king… (KUMB: 1-97-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_487]
हर्षेणोत्फुल्लनयनो राजानं चान्ववैक्षत । दुष्यन्तो धर्मबुद्ध्या तु चिन्तयन्नेव सोब्रवीत् ॥KUMB: १-९७-२३॥
His eyes wide with joy, he looked at the king. But Dushyanta, reflecting on his duty, said: (KUMB: 1-97-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_488]
किमागमनकार्यं ते ब्रूहि त्वं वरवर्णिनि । करिष्यामि न संदेहः सपुत्राया विशेषतः ॥KUMB: १-९७-२४॥
“Tell me, fair lady, what has brought you here. I will surely do it—especially for you, accompanied by your son.” (KUMB: 1-97-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_489]
प्रसीदस्व महाराज वक्ष्यामि पुरुषोत्तम । एष पुत्रो हि ते राजन्मय्युत्पन्नः परंतप ॥KUMB: १-९७-२५॥
Be gracious, great king, and I shall tell you, best of men. For this is your son, O king, born of me, scorcher of foes. (KUMB: 1-97-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_490]
तस्योपभोगसक्तस्य स्त्रीषु चान्यासु भारत । शकुन्तला सपुत्रा च मनस्यन्तरधीयत ॥KUMB: १-९७-२८॥
As he was absorbed in pleasure and in other women, O Bharata, Shakuntala and her son faded from his mind. (KUMB: 1-97-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_491]
स धारयन्मनस्येनां सपुत्रां सस्मितां तदा । तदोपगृह्य मनसा चिरं सुखमवाप सः ॥KUMB: १-९७-२९॥
Then he held her in his thoughts, smiling and accompanied by her son; embracing her in his mind, he enjoyed happiness for a long time. (KUMB: 1-97-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_492]
मैथुनं च वृथा नाहं गच्छेयमिति मे मतिः । नाभिजानामि कल्याणि त्वया सह समागमम् ॥KUMB: १-९७-३१॥
I would not engage in sexual union fruitlessly—such is my conviction. Yet I do not recall, fair lady, having united with you. (KUMB: 1-97-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_493]
धर्म एव हि साधूनां सर्वेषां हितकारणम् । नित्यं मिथ्याविहीनानां न च दुःखावहो भवेत् ॥KUMB: १-९८-९॥
Dharma is indeed the source of welfare for all good people, and it should not bring sorrow to those who are always free from falsehood. (KUMB: 1-98-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_494]
पुत्रेण लोकाञ्जयन्ति पौत्रेणानन्त्यमश्नुते । अथ पौत्रस्य पुत्रेण मोदन्ते प्रपितामहाः ॥KUMB: १-९८-२१॥
Through a son one conquers the worlds; through a grandson one attains eternity; and in the son of a grandson, the great-grandfathers rejoice. (KUMB: 1-98-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_495]
पोषणार्थं शरीरस्य पाथेयं स्वर्गतस्य वै। आत्माऽऽत्मनैव जनितः पुत्र इत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥KUMB: १-९८-३०॥
For sustaining the body and as provisions for one who has gone to heaven, the wise call the self begotten by oneself a son. (KUMB: 1-98-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_496]
तस्माद्भार्यां पतिः पश्येन्मातृवत्पुत्रमातरम् । अन्तरात्मैव सर्वस्य पुत्रो नामोच्यते सदा ॥KUMB: १-९८-३१॥
Therefore a husband should regard his wife, the mother of his son, as he would his own mother. The son is always said to be the innermost self of every man. (KUMB: 1-98-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_497]
गती रूपं च चेष्टा च आवर्ता लक्षणानि च । पितॄणां यानि दृश्यन्ते पुत्राणां सन्ति तानि च ॥KUMB: १-९८-३२॥
The gait, appearance, gestures, bodily whorls, and marks seen in fathers are also found in their sons. (KUMB: 1-98-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_498]
तेषां शीलगुणाचारास्तत्संपर्काच्छुभाशुभात्। भार्यायां जनितं पुत्रमादर्शे स्वमिवाननम् ॥KUMB: १-९८-३३॥
Their character, qualities, and conduct arise from good or bad association; a son begotten in his wife, like his own face in a mirror... (KUMB: 1-98-33)
[PV-SVO:01_008_499]
जनिता मोदते प्रेक्ष्य स्वर्गं प्राप्येव पुण्यकृत् । पतिव्रतारूपधराः परबीजस्य संग्रहात् ॥KUMB: १-९८-३४॥
On seeing him, his begetter rejoices like a man of merit who has attained heaven. Women who assume the guise of devoted wives, by receiving another man’s seed… (KUMB: 1-98-34)
[PV-SVO:01_008_500]
कुलं विनाश्य भर्तॄणां नरकं यान्ति दारुणम् । परेण जनिताः पुत्राः स्वभार्यायां यथेष्टतः ॥KUMB: १-९८-३५॥
Having destroyed their husbands’ lineage, they go to a terrible hell. Sons begotten at will by another man upon one’s own wife… (KUMB: 1-98-35)
[PV-SVO:01_008_501]
मम पुत्रा इति मतास्ते पुत्रा अपि शत्रवः । द्विषन्ति प्रतिकुर्वन्ति न ते वचनंकारिणः ॥KUMB: १-९८-३६॥
Though regarded as “my sons,” those sons are enemies: they hate him and oppose him; they do not obey his commands. (KUMB: 1-98-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_502]
द्वेष्टि तांश्च पिता चापि स्वबीजे न तथा नृप । न द्वेष्टि पितरं पुत्रो जनितारमथापि वा ॥KUMB: १-९८-३७॥
A father too hates them, O king, but not his own offspring in the same way. A son does not hate his father—or his begetter, for that matter. (KUMB: 1-98-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_503]
न द्वेष्टि जनिता पुत्रं तस्मादात्मा सुतो भवेत्। दह्यमाना मनोदुःखैर्व्याधिभिस्तुमुलैर्जनः ॥KUMB: १-९८-३८॥
A father does not hate his son; therefore a son should be regarded as one’s own self. People, tormented by mental anguish and severe illnesses… (KUMB: 1-98-38)
[PV-SVO:01_008_504]
ह्लादन्ते स्वेषु दारेषु घर्मार्ताः सलिलेष्विव । विप्रवासकृशा दीना नरा मलिनवाससः ॥KUMB: १-९८-३९॥
They find delight in their own wives, as those oppressed by heat do in water. Men emaciated by living away from home, wretched and clad in filthy garments... (KUMB: 1-98-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_505]
तेऽपि स्वदारांस्तुष्यन्ति दरिद्रा धनलाभवत्। अप्रियोक्तोपि दाराणां न ब्रूयादप्रियं बुधः ॥KUMB: १-९८-४०॥
They too delight in their own wives as poor men delight in gaining wealth. Even when spoken to harshly by his wife, a wise man should not speak harshly in return. (KUMB: 1-98-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_506]
रतिं प्रीतिं च धर्मं च तदायत्तमवेक्ष्य च । आत्मनोऽर्धमिति श्रौतं सा रक्षति धनं प्रजाः ॥KUMB: १-९८-४१॥
In view of the fact that sexual pleasure, affection, and dharma depend upon her, and that scripture calls her half of oneself, she safeguards wealth and offspring. (KUMB: 1-98-41)
[PV-SVO:01_008_507]
शरीरं लोकयात्रां वै धर्मं स्वर्गमृषीन्पितॄन्। आत्मनो जन्मनः क्षेत्रं पुण्या रामाः सनातनाः ॥KUMB: १-९८-४२॥
the body, the continuance of the world, dharma, heaven, the seers and the ancestors, and the field of one’s own birth. Women are sacred and eternal. (KUMB: 1-98-42)
[PV-SVO:01_008_508]
ऋषीणामपि का शक्तिः स्रष्टुं रामामृते प्रजा-। देवानामपि का शक्तिः कर्तुं संभवमात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९८-४३॥
What power do even the sages have to create offspring without women? What power do even the gods have to bring about their own birth? (KUMB: 1-98-43)
[PV-SVO:01_008_509]
पण्डितस्यापि लोकेषु स्त्रीषु सृष्टिः प्रतिष्ठिता । ऋषिभ्यो ह्यृषयः केचिच्चण्डालीष्वपि जज्ञिरे ॥KUMB: १-९८-४४॥
Even a learned man’s progeny in this world depends upon women; for some sages were born to sages by Chandala women. (KUMB: 1-98-44)
[PV-SVO:01_008_510]
अण्डानि बिभ्रति स्वानि न त्यजन्ति पिपीलिकाः । किं पुनस्त्वं न मन्येथाः सर्वथा पुत्रमीदृशम् ॥KUMB: १-९८-४७॥
Ants carry their own eggs and do not abandon them. How much more, then, ought you to care in every way for such a son? (KUMB: 1-98-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_511]
न भरेथाः कथं नु त्वं मयि जातं स्वमात्मजम् । ममाण्डानीति वर्ध्ते कोकिलाण्डानि वायसाः ॥KUMB: १-९८-४८॥
How, then, could you fail to support your own son, born of me? Crows raise cuckoo eggs, thinking, “These are my eggs.” (KUMB: 1-98-48)
[PV-SVO:01_008_512]
किं पुनस्त्वं न मन्येथाः सर्वज्ञः पुत्रमीदृशम् । मलयाच्चन्दनं जातमतिशीतं वदन्ति वै ॥KUMB: १-९८-४९॥
Why then should you, who know everything, not acknowledge such a son? They say that sandalwood grown on Mount Malaya is exceedingly cool. (KUMB: 1-98-49)
[PV-SVO:01_008_513]
शिशोरालिङ्गनं तस्माच्चन्दनादधिकं भवेत्। न वाससां न रामाणां नापां स्पर्शस्तथाविधः ॥KUMB: १-९८-५०॥
A child’s embrace is more refreshing than that sandalwood; neither the touch of garments, nor of women, nor of water is like it. (KUMB: 1-98-50)
[PV-SVO:01_008_514]
अद्यायं मन्नियोगात्तु तवाह्वानं प्रतीक्षते । कुमारो राजशार्दूल तव शोकप्रणाशनः ॥KUMB: १-९८-५४॥
Today, at my command, this boy awaits your summons, O tiger among kings; he will put an end to your grief. (KUMB: 1-98-54)
[PV-SVO:01_008_515]
आहर्ता वाजिमेधस्य शतसङ्ख्यस्य पौरवः । राजसूयादिकानन्यान्क्रतूनमितदक्षिणान् ॥KUMB: १-९८-५५॥
A descendant of Puru, he will perform a hundred horse sacrifices and other rites beginning with the Rājasūya, with immeasurable sacrificial gifts. (KUMB: 1-98-55)
[PV-SVO:01_008_516]
आत्मा वै पुत्रनामासि स जीव शरदः शतम् । उपजिघ्रन्ति पितरो मन्त्रेणानेन मूर्धनि ॥KUMB: १-९८-५९॥
“You are indeed my own self, called ‘son.’ Live for a hundred autumns.” With this mantra, fathers smell their sons’ heads. (KUMB: 1-98-59)
[PV-SVO:01_008_517]
एको भूत्वा द्विधा भूत इति वादः प्रवर्तते । त्वदङ्गेभ्यः प्रसूतोऽयं पुरुषात्पुरुषः परः ॥KUMB: १-९८-६१॥
Thus runs the saying, “Though one, he became two”: this other man, born from your limbs, is a man sprung from a man. (KUMB: 1-98-61)
[PV-SVO:01_008_518]
सरसीवामलेऽऽत्मानं द्वितीयं पश्य ते सुतम् । सरसीवामले सोमं प्रेक्षात्मानं त्वमात्मनि ॥KUMB: १-९८-६२॥
See your son as a second self, like your reflection in a clear lake; as you behold the moon in a clear lake, behold yourself in him. (KUMB: 1-98-62)
[PV-SVO:01_008_519]
श्रीमानृषिर्धर्मपरो वैश्वानर इवापरः । ब्रह्मयोनिः कुशो नाम विश्वामित्रपितामहः ॥KUMB: १-९८-६७॥
The illustrious sage named Kusha, born of Brahma and wholly devoted to righteousness, was like a second Vaishvanara and was an ancestor of Vishvamitra. (KUMB: 1-98-67)
[PV-SVO:01_008_520]
कुशस्य पुत्रो बलवान्कुशनाभश्च धार्मिकः । गाधिस्तस्य सुतो राजन्विश्वामित्रस्तु गाधिजः ॥KUMB: १-९८-६८॥
Kusha’s son was the mighty and righteous Kushanabha. His son was Gadhi, O king, and Vishvamitra was Gadhi’s son. (KUMB: 1-98-68)
[PV-SVO:01_008_521]
एवंविधो मम पिता मेनका जननी वरा। सा मां हिमवतः पृष्ठे सुषुवे मेनकाऽप्सराः ॥KUMB: १-९८-६९॥
Such was my father, and the noble Menaka was my mother. The apsaras Menaka gave birth to me on a ridge of the Himalaya. (KUMB: 1-98-69)
[PV-SVO:01_008_522]
परित्यज्य च मां याता परात्मजमिवासती । पक्षिणः पुम्यवन्तस्ते सहिता धर्मतस्तदा ॥KUMB: १-९८-७०॥
That faithless woman abandoned me as though I were another’s child and went away. Then those virtuous birds gathered together, acting in accordance with dharma… (KUMB: 1-98-70)
[PV-SVO:01_008_523]
पक्षैस्तैरभिगुप्ता च तस्मादस्मि शकुन्तला । ततोऽहमृषिणा दृष्टा काश्यपेन महात्मना ॥KUMB: १-९८-७१॥
Protected by those birds with their wings, I therefore came to be called Shakuntala. Then the great-souled sage Kashyapa saw me. (KUMB: 1-98-71)
[PV-SVO:01_008_524]
जलार्थमग्निहोत्रस्य गतं दृष्ट्वा तु पक्षिणः । न्यासभूतामिव मुनेः प्रददुर्मां दयावतः ॥KUMB: १-९८-७२॥
Seeing that he had gone to fetch water for the Agnihotra, the birds handed me over as though I were a child entrusted to the compassionate sage’s care. (KUMB: 1-98-72)
[PV-SVO:01_008_525]
कण्वस्त्वालोक्य मां प्रीतो हसन्तीति हविर्भुजः । स माऽरणिमिवादाय स्वमाश्रममुपागमत् ॥KUMB: १-९८-७३॥
Kanva, who lived on sacrificial food, was delighted when he saw me, thinking, “She is smiling.” Taking me up as though I were a fire-kindling stick, he returned to his hermitage. (KUMB: 1-98-73)
[PV-SVO:01_008_526]
सा वै संभाविता राजन्ननुक्रोशान्महर्षिणा । तेनैव स्वसुतेवाहं राजन्वै वरवर्णिनी ॥KUMB: १-९८-७४॥
O king, out of compassion the great seer cherished me; by him, indeed, I, the fair-complexioned girl, was treated as his own daughter. (KUMB: 1-98-74)
[PV-SVO:01_008_527]
विश्वामित्रसुता चाहं वर्धिता मुनिना नृप । यौवने वर्तमानां च दृष्टवानसि मां नृप ॥KUMB: १-९८-७५॥
I am Viśvāmitra’s daughter, raised by the sage, O king. You saw me when I had reached youth, O king… (KUMB: 1-98-75)
[PV-SVO:01_008_528]
आश्रमे पर्णशालायां कुमारीं विजने तदा । धात्रा प्रचोदितां शून्ये पित्रा विरहितां मिथः ॥KUMB: १-९८-७६॥
then, a maiden in a leaf hut in the hermitage, in a secluded place with no one there, separated from my father and impelled by fate—in private... (KUMB: 1-98-76)
[PV-SVO:01_008_529]
वाग्भिस्त्वं सूनृताभिर्मामपत्यार्थमचूचुदः । अकार्षीस्त्वाश्रमे वासं धर्मकामार्थनिश्चितम् ॥KUMB: १-९८-७७॥
With sincere words you urged me to bear a child, and you stayed in the hermitage, intent on duty, desire, and gain. (KUMB: 1-98-77)
[PV-SVO:01_008_530]
गान्धर्वेण विवाहेन विधिना पाणिमग्रहीः । साऽहं कुलं च शीलं च सत्यवादित्वमात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-९८-७८॥
You took my hand according to the rite of Gandharva marriage. And so I, mindful of my lineage, character, and my own truthfulness... (KUMB: 1-98-78)
[PV-SVO:01_008_531]
स्वधर्मं च पुरस्कृत्य त्वामद्य शरणं गता । तस्मान्नर्हसि संश्रुत्य तथेति वितथं वचः ॥KUMB: १-९८-७९॥
With my own duty also foremost, I have now come to you for refuge. Therefore, having promised, “So be it,” you ought not—with your word false… (KUMB: 1-98-79)
[PV-SVO:01_008_532]
स्वधर्मं पृष्ठतः कृत्वा परित्यक्तुमुपस्थिताम् । त्वन्नाथां लोकनाथस्त्वं नार्हसि त्वमनागसम् ॥KUMB: १-९८-८०॥
You, the lord of the world, ought not set aside your own duty and abandon me—innocent, come to you, and looking to you as my protector. (KUMB: 1-98-80)
[PV-SVO:01_008_533]
सर्वमेव परोक्षं मे यत्त्वं वदसि तापसि । सर्वा वामाः स्त्रियो लोके सर्वाः कामपरायणाः ॥KUMB: १-९८-८८॥
All that you say, ascetic woman, is entirely unknown to me. All women in the world are perverse; all are devoted to lust. (KUMB: 1-98-88)
[PV-SVO:01_008_534]
सर्वाः स्त्रियः परवशाः सर्वाः क्रोधसमाकुलाः । असत्योक्ताः स्त्रियः सर्वा न कण्वं वक्तुमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-९८-८९॥
All women are subject to others; all are overwhelmed by anger. All women speak falsely. You should not speak of Kanva. (KUMB: 1-98-89)
[PV-SVO:01_008_535]
सुषाव सुरनारी मां विश्वामित्राद्यथेष्टतः । अहो जानामि ते जन्म कुत्सितं कुलटे जनैः ॥KUMB: १-९८-९२॥
A celestial woman bore me by Vishvamitra, as she pleased. Indeed, I know that your birth is despised by people, you wanton woman! (KUMB: 1-98-92)
[PV-SVO:01_008_536]
जातिश्चापि निकृष्टो ते कुलीनेति विजल्पसे । जनयित्वा त्वमुत्सृष्टा कोकिलेन परैर्भृता ॥KUMB: १-९८-९४॥
Your birth too is base, yet you prattle that you are high-born. A cuckoo gave birth to you and cast you away, and you were raised by others. (KUMB: 1-98-94)
[PV-SVO:01_008_537]
अरिष्टैरिव दुर्बद्धिः कण्वो वर्धयिता पिता । अश्रद्धेयमिदं वाक्यं यत्त्वं जल्पसि तापसि ॥KUMB: १-९८-९५॥
Kanva, foolish as though beset by misfortune, is the father who raised you. What you say, ascetic woman, is unbelievable. (KUMB: 1-98-95)
[PV-SVO:01_008_538]
ब्रुवन्ती राजसान्निध्ये गम्यतां यत्र चेच्छसि । सुवर्णमणिमुक्तानि वस्त्राण्याभरणानि च ॥KUMB: १-९८-९६॥
speaking in the king’s presence. Go wherever you wish. Gold, gems, pearls, garments, and ornaments… (KUMB: 1-98-96)
[PV-SVO:01_008_539]
यदिहेच्छसि भोगार्थं तापसि प्रतिगृह्यताम् । नाहं त्वां द्रष्टुमिच्छामि यथेष्टं गम्यतामितः ॥KUMB: १-९८-९७॥
Whatever gold, jewels, pearls, garments, and ornaments you desire here for your enjoyment, ascetic woman, accept them. I do not wish to see you; go from here wherever you please. (KUMB: 1-98-97)
[PV-SVO:01_008_540]
राजन्सर्षपमात्राणि परच्छिद्राणि पश्यसि। आत्मनो बिल्वमात्राणि पश्यन्नपि न पश्यसि ॥BORI: १-६९-१॥
O king, you notice others’ faults even when they are as small as mustard seeds, but though your own are as large as bilva fruits, you fail to see them. (BORI: 1-69-1)
[PV-OTH:01_008_541]
मेनका त्रिदशेष्वेव त्रिदशाश्चानु मेनकाम्। ममैवोद्रिच्यते जन्म दुःषन्त तव जन्मतः ॥BORI: १-६९-२॥
Menaka dwells among the gods, and the gods themselves follow Menaka. Duḥṣanta, my birth is indeed more exalted than yours. (BORI: 1-69-2)
[PV-OTH:01_008_542]
क्षितावटसि राजंस्त्वमन्तरिक्षे चराम्यहम्। आवयोरन्तरं पश्य मेरुसर्षपयोरिव ॥BORI: १-६९-३॥
You roam the earth, O king, while I move through the sky. See the difference between us, like that between Meru and a mustard seed. (BORI: 1-69-3)
[PV-OTH:01_008_543]
महेन्द्रस्य कुबेरस्य यमस्य वरुणस्य च। भवनान्यनुसंयामि प्रभावं पश्य मे नृप ॥BORI: १-६९-४॥
I visit the abodes of Mahendra, Kubera, Yama, and Varuna. Behold my power, O king! (BORI: 1-69-4)
[PV-OTH:01_008_544]
सत्यश्चापि प्रवादोऽयं यं प्रवक्ष्यामि तेऽनघ। निदर्शनार्थं न द्वेषात्तच्छ्रुत्वा क्षन्तुमर्हसि ॥BORI: १-६९-५॥
What I am about to tell you, sinless one, is also a true saying. I offer it by way of illustration, not out of malice; when you have heard it, you should forgive me. (BORI: 1-69-5)
[PV-OTH:01_008_545]
विरूपो यावदादर्शे नात्मनः पश्यते मुखम्। मन्यते तावदात्मानमन्येभ्यो रूपवत्तरम् ॥BORI: १-६९-६॥
As long as an ugly man does not see his own face in a mirror, he considers himself more handsome than others. (BORI: 1-69-6)
[PV-OTH:01_008_546]
यदा तु मुखमादर्शे विकृतं सोऽभिवीक्षते। तदेतरं विजानाति आत्मानं नेतरं जनम् ॥BORI: १-६९-७॥
But when he looks at his deformed face in a mirror, he realizes that it is himself, not another person. (BORI: 1-69-7)
[PV-OTH:01_008_547]
अतीव रूपसम्पन्नो न किञ्चिदवमन्यते। अतीव जल्पन्दुर्वाचो भवतीह विहेठकः ॥BORI: १-६९-८॥
A man of surpassing beauty despises nothing; one who talks excessively becomes foul-mouthed and abusive in this world. (BORI: 1-69-8)
[PV-OTH:01_008_548]
मूर्खो हि जल्पतां पुंसां श्रुत्वा वाचः शुभाशुभाः। अशुभं वाक्यमादत्ते पुरीषमिव सूकरः ॥BORI: १-६९-९॥
For when a fool hears men speaking words both good and bad, he seizes upon the bad, like a pig upon excrement. (BORI: 1-69-9)
[PV-OTH:01_008_549]
प्राज्ञस्तु जल्पतां पुंसां श्रुत्वा वाचः शुभाशुभाः। गुणवद्वाक्यमादत्ते हंसः क्षीरमिवाम्भसः ॥BORI: १-६९-१०॥
But when a wise man hears the good and bad words spoken by men, he takes what is worthwhile, just as a swan takes milk from water. (BORI: 1-69-10)
[PV-OTH:01_008_550]
अन्यान्परिवदन्साधुर्यथा हि परितप्यते। तथा परिवदन्नन्यांस्तुष्टो भवति दुर्जनः ॥BORI: १-६९-११॥
Just as a good man is distressed when speaking ill of others, so a wicked man takes pleasure in doing so. (BORI: 1-69-11)
[PV-OTH:01_008_551]
अभिवाद्य यथा वृद्धान्सन्तो गच्छन्ति निर्वृतिम्। एवं सज्जनमाक्रुश्य मूर्खो भवति निर्वृतः ॥BORI: १-६९-१२॥
Just as good people find contentment after respectfully greeting their elders, so a fool finds contentment after reviling a good person. (BORI: 1-69-12)
[PV-OTH:01_008_552]
सुखं जीवन्त्यदोषज्ञा मूर्खा दोषानुदर्शिनः। यत्र वाच्याः परैः सन्तः परानाहुस्तथाविधान् ॥BORI: १-६९-१३॥
Fools live happily, unaware of their own faults but ever noticing faults in others; though themselves deserving of others’ censure, they call others the same. (BORI: 1-69-13)
[PV-OTH:01_008_553]
अतो हास्यतरं लोके किञ्चिदन्यन्न विद्यते। यत्र दुर्जन इत्याह दुर्जनः सज्जनं स्वयम् ॥BORI: १-६९-१४॥
Nothing in the world is more ridiculous than when a wicked man himself calls a good man wicked. (BORI: 1-69-14)
[PV-OTH:01_008_554]
सत्यधर्मच्युतात्पुंसः क्रुद्धादाशीविषादिव। अनास्तिकोऽप्युद्विजते जनः किं पुनरास्तिकः ॥BORI: १-६९-१५॥
Even an unbeliever recoils from a man who has strayed from truth and righteousness and is enraged like a venomous serpent—how much more so a believer? (BORI: 1-69-15)
[PV-OTH:01_008_555]
स्वयमुत्पाद्य वै पुत्रं सदृशं योऽवमन्यते। तस्य देवाः श्रियं घ्नन्ति न च लोकानुपाश्नुते ॥BORI: १-६९-१६॥
The gods destroy the prosperity of a man who, having himself fathered a son like himself, despises him, and he does not attain the heavenly worlds. (BORI: 1-69-16)
[PV-OTH:01_008_556]
कुलवंशप्रतिष्ठां हि पितरः पुत्रमब्रुवन्। उत्तमं सर्वधर्माणां तस्मात्पुत्रं न सन्त्यजेत् ॥BORI: १-६९-१७॥
The ancestors called a son the foundation of the family line and the highest of all duties; therefore, one should not abandon a son. (BORI: 1-69-17)
[PV-OTH:01_008_557]
स्वपत्नीप्रभवान्पञ्च लब्धान्क्रीतान्विवर्धितान्। कृतानन्यासु चोत्पन्नान्पुत्रान्वै मनुरब्रवीत् ॥BORI: १-६९-१८॥
Manu declared as sons the five born of one’s own wife, as well as those obtained, purchased, reared, designated as sons, or born of other women. (BORI: 1-69-18)
[PV-OTH:01_008_558]
धर्मकीर्त्यावहा नृणां मनसः प्रीतिवर्धनाः। त्रायन्ते नरकाज्जाताः पुत्रा धर्मप्लवाः पितृन् ॥BORI: १-६९-१९॥
Sons bring men righteousness and renown and increase the joy of their hearts; born as rafts of righteousness, they save their fathers from hell. (BORI: 1-69-19)
[PV-OTH:01_008_559]
स त्वं नृपतिशार्दूल न पुत्रं त्यक्तुमर्हसि। आत्मानं सत्यधर्मौ च पालयानो महीपते । नरेन्द्रसिंह कपटं न वोढुं त्वमिहार्हसि ॥BORI: १-६९-२०॥
Therefore, tiger among kings, you must not abandon your son. O lord of the earth, preserve yourself, truth, and righteousness. Lion among kings, you must not bear falsehood here. (BORI: 1-69-20)
[PV-OTH:01_008_560]
वरं कूपशताद्वापी वरं वापीशतात्क्रतुः। वरं क्रतुशतात्पुत्रः सत्यं पुत्रशताद्वरम् ॥BORI: १-६९-२१॥
A reservoir is better than a hundred wells; a sacrifice is better than a hundred reservoirs; a son is better than a hundred sacrifices; and truth is better than a hundred sons. (BORI: 1-69-21)
[PV-OTH:01_008_561]
अश्वमेधसहस्रं च सत्यं च तुलया धृतम्। अश्वमेधसहस्राद्धि सत्यमेव विशिष्यते ॥BORI: १-६९-२२॥
If a thousand horse sacrifices and truth are weighed in a balance, truth alone outweighs a thousand horse sacrifices. (BORI: 1-69-22)
[PV-OTH:01_008_562]
सर्ववेदाधिगमनं सर्वतीर्थावगाहनम्। सत्यं च वदतो राजन्समं वा स्यान्न वा समम् ॥BORI: १-६९-२३॥
O king, studying all the Vedas and bathing at every sacred ford may or may not equal speaking the truth. (BORI: 1-69-23)
[PV-OTH:01_008_563]
नास्ति सत्यात्परो धर्मो न सत्याद्विद्यते परम्। न हि तीव्रतरं किञ्चिदनृतादिह विद्यते ॥BORI: १-६९-२४॥
There is no duty higher than truth, nor is there anything greater than truth. For there is nothing here more grievous than falsehood. (BORI: 1-69-24)
[PV-OTH:01_008_564]
राजन्सत्यं परं ब्रह्म सत्यं च समयः परः। मा त्याक्षीः समयं राजन्सत्यं सङ्गतमस्तु ते ॥BORI: १-६९-२५॥
O king, truth is the supreme Brahman, and an agreement is the highest truth. Do not break the agreement, O king; may your association be true. (BORI: 1-69-25)
[PV-OTH:01_008_565]
अनृते चेत्प्रसङ्गस्ते श्रद्दधासि न चेत्स्वयम्। आत्मनो हन्त गच्छामि त्वादृशे नास्ति सङ्गतम् ॥BORI: १-६९-२६॥
But if you are attached to falsehood and you yourself do not believe me, then I will leave on my own; there can be no association with someone like you. (BORI: 1-69-26)
[PV-OTH:01_008_566]
ऋतेऽपि त्वयि दुःषन्त शैलराजावतंसकाम्। चतुरन्तामिमामुर्वीं पुत्रो मे पालयिष्यति ॥BORI: १-६९-२७॥
Even without you, Duhshanta, my son will rule this entire earth, crowned by the king of mountains and extending to its four limits. (BORI: 1-69-27)
[PV-OTH:01_008_567]
एतावदुक्त्वा वचनं प्रातिष्ठत शकुन्तला। अथान्तरिक्षे दुःषन्तं वागुवाचाशरीरिणी । ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मन्त्रिभिश्चावृतं तदा ॥BORI: १-६९-२८॥
Having said this much, Shakuntala departed. Then a bodiless voice in the sky addressed Duhshanta, who was surrounded at that time by officiating priests, his household priest, teachers, and ministers: (BORI: 1-69-28)
[PV-OTH:01_008_568]
भस्त्रा माता पितुः पुत्रो येन जातः स एव सः। भरस्व पुत्रं दुःषन्त मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम् ॥BORI: १-६९-२९॥
The mother is merely the vessel; the son is the father’s—the son is the very man who begot him. Accept your son, Duḥṣanta, and do not reject Śakuntalā. (BORI: 1-69-29)
[PV-OTH:01_008_569]
रेतोधाः पुत्र उन्नयति नरदेव यमक्षयात्। त्वं चास्य धाता गर्भस्य सत्यमाह शकुन्तला ॥BORI: १-६९-३०॥
O king, a son who bears his father’s seed raises him from Yama’s abode. You are the begetter of this child in the womb; Shakuntala speaks the truth. (BORI: 1-69-30)
[PV-OTH:01_008_570]
जाया जनयते पुत्रमात्मनोऽङ्गं द्विधा कृतम्। तस्माद्भरस्व दुःषन्त पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं नृप ॥BORI: १-६९-३१॥
A wife gives birth to a son, a part of oneself made twofold. Therefore, Duṣṣanta, support Śakuntalā’s son, O king. (BORI: 1-69-31)
[PV-OTH:01_008_571]
अभूतिरेषा कस्त्यज्याज्जीवञ्जीवन्तमात्मजम्। शाकुन्तलं महात्मानं दौःषन्तिं भर पौरव ॥BORI: १-६९-३२॥
This would be ruin. Who, while still alive, would abandon his living son? O descendant of Puru, support the noble son of Shakuntala and Duhshanta. (BORI: 1-69-32)
[PV-OTH:01_008_572]
भर्तव्योऽयं त्वया यस्मादस्माकं वचनादपि। तस्माद्भवत्वयं नाम्ना भरतो नाम ते सुतः ॥BORI: १-६९-३३॥
Since you must support this child, even at our command, let your son therefore be named Bharata. (BORI: 1-69-33)
[PV-OTH:01_008_573]
तच्छ्रुत्वा पौरवो राजा व्याहृतं वै दिवौकसाम्। पुरोहितममात्यांश्च सम्प्रहृष्टोऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥BORI: १-६९-३४॥
Hearing these words spoken by the gods, the delighted Paurava king said this to his priest and ministers: (BORI: 1-69-34)
[PV-OTH:01_008_574]
शृण्वन्त्वेतद्भवन्तोऽस्य देवदूतस्य भाषितम्। अहमप्येवमेवैनं जानामि स्वयमात्मजम् ॥BORI: १-६९-३५॥
Let Your Honors hear what this divine messenger has said. I too know him in just this way to be my own son. (BORI: 1-69-35)
[PV-OTH:01_008_575]
यद्यहं वचनादेव गृह्णीयामिममात्मजम्। भवेद्धि शङ्का लोकस्य नैवं शुद्धो भवेदयम् ॥BORI: १-६९-३६॥
If I were to accept this boy as my son merely on her word, people would surely have doubts, and he would not be regarded as legitimate. (BORI: 1-69-36)
[PV-OTH:01_008_576]
तं विशोध्य तदा राजा देवदूतेन भारत। हृष्टः प्रमुदितश्चापि प्रतिजग्राह तं सुतम् ॥BORI: १-६९-३७॥
Once the divine messenger had vindicated the boy, O Bharata, the king joyfully and delightedly acknowledged him as his son. (BORI: 1-69-37)
[PV-OTH:01_008_577]
मूर्ध्नि चैनमुपाघ्राय सस्नेहं परिषस्वजे। सभाज्यमानो विप्रैश्च स्तूयमानश्च बन्दिभिः । स मुदं परमां लेभे पुत्रसंस्पर्शजां नृपः ॥BORI: १-६९-३८॥
The king smelled his son’s head and embraced him affectionately. Honored by the Brahmins and praised by the bards, he felt supreme joy at the touch of his son. (BORI: 1-69-38)
[PV-OTH:01_008_578]
तां चैव भार्यां धर्मज्ञः पूजयामास धर्मतः। अब्रवीच्चैव तां राजा सान्त्वपूर्वमिदं वचः ॥BORI: १-६९-३९॥
The king, who knew dharma, duly honored his wife and then spoke these conciliatory words to her: (BORI: 1-69-39)
[PV-OTH:01_008_579]
कृतो लोकपरोक्षोऽयं सम्बन्धो वै त्वया सह। तस्मादेतन्मया देवि त्वच्छुद्ध्यर्थं विचारितम् ॥BORI: १-६९-४०॥
This union with you was entered into out of the public eye. Therefore, my lady, I have made this inquiry to establish your purity. (BORI: 1-69-40)
[PV-OTH:01_008_580]
मन्यते चैव लोकस्ते स्त्रीभावान्मयि सङ्गतम्। पुत्रश्चायं वृतो राज्ये मया तस्माद्विचारितम् ॥BORI: १-६९-४१॥
People would also think that your union with me arose from womanly desire. And since I have chosen this son for the throne, I therefore examined the matter carefully. (BORI: 1-69-41)
[PV-OTH:01_008_581]
यच्च कोपितयात्यर्थं त्वयोक्तोऽस्म्यप्रियं प्रिये। प्रणयिन्या विशालाक्षि तत्क्षान्तं ते मया शुभे ॥BORI: १-६९-४२॥
And as for the exceedingly harsh words you spoke to me in anger, my dear—because you love me, large-eyed lady, I have forgiven you for them, fair one. (BORI: 1-69-42)
[PV-OTH:01_008_582]
तामेवमुक्त्वा राजर्षिर्दुःषन्तो महिषीं प्रियाम्। वासोभिरन्नपानैश्च पूजयामास भारत ॥BORI: १-६९-४३॥
Having spoken thus to his beloved queen, the royal sage Duḥṣanta honored her with garments, food, and drink, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-69-43)
[PV-OTH:01_008_583]
दुःषन्तश्च ततो राजा पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं तदा। भरतं नामतः कृत्वा यौवराज्येऽभ्यषेचयत् ॥BORI: १-६९-४४॥
King Duhshanta then named Shakuntala’s son Bharata and installed him as crown prince. (BORI: 1-69-44)
[PV-OTH:01_008_584]
तस्य तत्प्रथितं चक्रं प्रावर्तत महात्मनः। भास्वरं दिव्यमजितं लोकसंनादनं महत् ॥BORI: १-६९-४५॥
That renowned wheel of the great-souled king began to roll—radiant, divine, unconquered, mighty, and making the world resound. (BORI: 1-69-45)
[PV-OTH:01_008_585]
स विजित्य महीपालांश्चकार वशवर्तिनः। चचार च सतां धर्मं प्राप चानुत्तमं यशः ॥BORI: १-६९-४६॥
Having conquered the kings of the earth, he brought them under his sway. He followed the way of the virtuous and attained unsurpassed fame. (BORI: 1-69-46)
[PV-OTH:01_008_586]
स राजा चक्रवर्त्यासीत्सार्वभौमः प्रतापवान्। ईजे च बहुभिर्यज्ञैर्यथा शक्रो मरुत्पतिः ॥BORI: १-६९-४७॥
That mighty king became a universal sovereign, ruling over the whole earth, and performed many sacrifices, as Śakra, lord of the Maruts, had done. (BORI: 1-69-47)
[PV-OTH:01_008_587]
याजयामास तं कण्वो दक्षवद्भूरिदक्षिणम्। श्रीमान्गोविततं नाम वाजिमेधमवाप सः । यस्मिन्सहस्रं पद्मानां कण्वाय भरतो ददौ ॥BORI: १-६९-४८॥
Kanva officiated for him as he sacrificed like Daksha, bestowing abundant sacrificial gifts. The illustrious Bharata performed the horse sacrifice called Govitata, at which he gave Kanva a thousand padmas. (BORI: 1-69-48)
[PV-OTH:01_008_588]
भरताद्भारती कीर्तिर्येनेदं भारतं कुलम्। अपरे ये च पूर्वे च भारता इति विश्रुताः ॥BORI: १-६९-४९॥
The name Bhārata derives from Bharata; through him this lineage is Bhārata. Those who came after him, as well as those before him, are renowned as Bhāratas. (BORI: 1-69-49)
[PV-OTH:01_008_589]
भरतस्यान्ववाये हि देवकल्पा महौजसः। बभूवुर्ब्रह्मकल्पाश्च बहवो राजसत्तमाः ॥BORI: १-६९-५०॥
For in Bharata’s lineage there arose many mighty and illustrious kings, godlike and equal to Brahmā. (BORI: 1-69-50)
[PV-OTH:01_008_590]
येषामपरिमेयानि नामधेयानि सर्वशः। तेषां तु ते यथामुख्यं कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत । महाभागान्देवकल्पान्सत्यार्जवपरायणान् ॥BORI: १-६९-५१॥
Their names are altogether innumerable; but I shall recount to you the foremost among them, O Bharata—those illustrious, godlike men devoted to truth and integrity. (BORI: 1-69-51)
[PV-OTH:01_008_591]
पुरा नरवरः पुत्र उर्वश्यां जनितस्तदा । आयुर्नाम महाराज तव पूर्वपितामहः ॥KUMB: १-९९-५॥
Long ago, O great king, your forefather Ayus, the foremost of men, was born as a son to Urvashi. (KUMB: 1-99-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_592]
महर्षयश्च बहवः क्षत्रियाश्च परन्तपाः । अप्सरःसु ऋषीणां च मातृदोषो न विद्यते ॥KUMB: १-९९-६॥
There have also been many great seers and foe-subduing Kshatriyas. No fault on the mother’s side is found among Apsarases or seers. (KUMB: 1-99-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_593]
पांसुपातेन हृष्यन्ति कुञ्जरा मदशालिनः । तथा परिवदन्नन्यान्हृष्टो भवति दुर्मतिः ॥KUMB: १-९९-११॥
Rut-maddened elephants delight in being showered with dust; likewise, a fool takes pleasure in slandering others. (KUMB: 1-99-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_594]
अभव्येऽप्यनृतेऽशुद्धे नास्तिके पापकर्मणि । दुराचारे कलिर्ह्याशु न कलिर्धर्मचारिषु ॥KUMB: १-९९-१४॥
Kali quickly takes hold of an unworthy, untruthful, impure atheist of sinful deeds and bad conduct, but not of those who practice dharma. (KUMB: 1-99-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_595]
आत्मनो दुष्टभावत्वं जानन्नीचोऽप्रसन्नधीः । परेषामपि जानाति स्वधर्मसदृशान्गुणान् ॥KUMB: १-९९-१७॥
A base man of clouded judgment, aware of his own wicked nature, perceives in others too qualities resembling his own character. (KUMB: 1-99-17)
[PV-SVO:01_008_596]
दह्यमानास्तु तीव्रेण नीचाः परयशोग्निना । अशक्तास्तद्गतिं गन्तुं ततो निन्दां प्रकुर्वते ॥KUMB: १-९९-१८॥
But base men, scorched by the fierce fire of another’s fame and unable to attain his stature, resort to slander. (KUMB: 1-99-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_597]
अपवादरता मूर्खा भवन्ति हि विशेषतः । नापवादरताः सन्तो भवन्ति स्म विशेषतः ॥KUMB: १-९९-२०॥
Fools are especially prone to disparagement, while good people are never particularly given to it. (KUMB: 1-99-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_598]
दारुणाल्लोकसंक्लेशाद्दुःखमाप्नोत्यसंशयम् । कुलवंशप्रतिष्ठां हि पितरः पुत्रमब्रुवन् ॥KUMB: १-९९-२४॥
One undoubtedly suffers from cruel public opprobrium. For the forefathers called a son the mainstay of the family line. (KUMB: 1-99-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_599]
क्रीतान्कन्यासु चोत्पन्नान्पुत्रान्वै मनुरब्रवीत् । ते च षड्वन्धुदायादाः षडदायादबान्धवाः ॥KUMB: १-९९-२६॥
Manu declared purchased children and those born to unmarried girls to be sons. Of these, six are kinsmen entitled to inherit, while six are kinsmen without inheritance rights. (KUMB: 1-99-26)
[PV-SVO:01_008_600]
उभयं पालयस्वैतन्नानृतं वक्तुमर्हसि। आत्मानं सत्यधर्मौ च पालयेथा महीपते । नरेन्द्रसिंह कपटं न हि वोढुं त्वमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-९९-२९॥
Uphold both of these; you must not speak falsely. Protect yourself, truth, and righteousness, O king. Lion among kings, you must not stoop to deceit. (KUMB: 1-99-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_601]
सर्ववेदाधिगमनं सर्वतीर्थावगाहनम् । सत्यस्यैव च राजेन्द्र कलां नार्हति षोडशीम् ॥KUMB: १-९९-३२॥
Mastery of all the Vedas and immersion in all sacred waters, O king of kings, are not worth even a sixteenth part of truth. (KUMB: 1-99-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_602]
यः पापो न विजानीयात्कर्म कृत्वा नराधिप । न हि तादृक्परं पापमनृतादिह विद्यते ॥KUMB: १-९९-३५॥
When a sinner does not acknowledge the deed he has committed, O king, there is no greater sin in this world than such falsehood. (KUMB: 1-99-35)
[PV-SVO:01_008_603]
यस्य ते हृदयं वेद सत्यस्यैवानृतस्य च । कल्याणावेक्षणं तस्मात्कर्तुमर्हसि धर्मतः ॥KUMB: १-९९-३६॥
Since your heart knows both truth and falsehood, you should therefore, in accordance with dharma, consider what is good. (KUMB: 1-99-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_604]
यो न कामान्न च क्रोधान्न द्रोहादतिवर्तते । अमित्रं वापि मित्रं वा स एवोत्तमपूरुषः ॥KUMB: १-९९-३७॥
He who does not act wrongly toward either an enemy or a friend out of desire, anger, or malice is indeed the noblest of men. (KUMB: 1-99-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_605]
पुत्रत्वे शङ्कमानस्य त्वं बुद्ध्या निश्चयं कुरु । गतिः स्वरः स्मृतिः सत्वं शीलं विद्या च विक्रमः ॥KUMB: १-९९-३९॥
For someone in doubt about sonship, use your judgment to reach a conclusion. Gait, voice, memory, temperament, conduct, learning, and valor… (KUMB: 1-99-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_606]
धृष्णुप्रकृतिभावौ च आवर्ता रोमराजयः । समा यस्य यदा स्युस्ते तस्य पुत्रो न संशयः ॥KUMB: १-९९-४०॥
and boldness and temperament, the whorls and lines of hair—when these are alike in someone, he is undoubtedly that man’s son. (KUMB: 1-99-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_607]
सादृश्येनोद्धऋतं बिम्बं तव देहाद्विशांपते । तातेति भाषमाणं वै मा स्म राजन्वृथा कृथाः ॥KUMB: १-९९-४१॥
O lord of men, he is an image drawn from your own body in your likeness. O king, do not make his calling you “Father” futile. (KUMB: 1-99-41)
[PV-SVO:01_008_608]
ऋते च गर्दभीक्षीरात्पयः पास्यति मे सुतः। ऋतेपि त्वां च दुष्यन्त शैलराजावतंसिकाम् । चतुरन्तामिमामुर्वीं पुत्रो मे पालयिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-९९-४२॥
My son will drink milk—anything but a she-ass’s milk. And even without you, Dushyanta, my son will rule this four-cornered earth, adorned by the king of mountains. (KUMB: 1-99-42)
[PV-SVO:01_008_609]
शकुन्तले तव सुतश्चक्रवर्ती भविष्यति । एवमुक्तं महेन्द्रेण भविष्यति न चान्यथा ॥KUMB: १-९९-४३॥
Śakuntalā, your son will become a universal sovereign. Thus has Mahendra declared, and it will not be otherwise. (KUMB: 1-99-43)
[PV-SVO:01_008_610]
साक्षित्वे बहवो ह्युक्ता देवदूतादयो मया । न ब्रुवन्ति तथा सत्यमुताहो नानृतं किल ॥KUMB: १-९९-४४॥
I have cited many as witnesses, beginning with the messengers of the gods. Do they not speak the truth accordingly—or surely they do not speak falsely? (KUMB: 1-99-44)
[PV-SVO:01_008_611]
असाक्षिणी मन्दबाग्या गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ॥KUMB: १-९९-४५॥
Without a witness, unfortunate as I am, I shall go back the way I came. (KUMB: 1-99-45)
[PV-SVO:01_008_612]
एतावदुक्त्वा वचनं प्रातिष्ठत शकुन्तला । तस्याः क्रोधसमुत्थोग्निः सधूमो मूर्ध्न्यदृश्यत ॥KUMB: १-९९-४६॥
Having said this, Shakuntala set out. A smoking fire born of her anger was seen above her head. (KUMB: 1-99-46)
[PV-SVO:01_008_613]
संनियम्यात्मनोऽङ्गेषु ततः क्रोधाग्निमात्मजम् । प्रस्थितैवानवद्याङ्गी सह पुत्रेण वै वनम् ॥KUMB: १-९९-४७॥
Then, containing within her own body the fire of anger that had arisen from herself, the faultless-limbed woman set out for the forest with her son. (KUMB: 1-99-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_614]
सर्वेभ्यो ह्यङ्गमङ्गेभ्यः साक्षादुत्पद्यते सुतः । आत्मा चैव सुतो नाम तेनैव तव पौरव ॥KUMB: १-१००-३॥
For a son is born directly from every limb of his father; indeed, a son is called one’s very self. Therefore, O descendant of Puru... (KUMB: 1-100-3)
[PV-SVO:01_008_615]
आहितं ह्यात्मनाऽऽत्मानं परिरक्ष इमं सुतम् । अनन्यां त्वं प्रतीक्षस्व मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-४॥
Protect this son, your own self implanted by yourself. Regard Śakuntalā as belonging to no one else, and do not despise her. (KUMB: 1-100-4)
[PV-SVO:01_008_616]
स्त्रियः पवित्रमतुलमेतद्दुष्यन्त धर्मतः । मासि मासि रजो ह्यासां दुरितान्यपकर्षति ॥KUMB: १-१००-५॥
According to dharma, Dushyanta, women have this incomparable means of purification: each month their menstrual flow removes their sins. (KUMB: 1-100-5)
[PV-SVO:01_008_617]
ततः सर्वाणि भूतानि व्याजह्रस्तं समन्ततः ॥KUMB: १-१००-६॥
Then all beings addressed him from every side. (KUMB: 1-100-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_618]
देवा ऊचुः । आहितस्त्वत्तनोरेष मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-६क्ष्॥
The gods said, “This child was begotten from your own body. Do not despise Shakuntala.” (KUMB: 1-100-6क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_008_619]
पतिर्जायां प्रविशति स तस्यां जायते पुनः । अन्योन्यप्रकृतिर्ह्येषा मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-८॥
A husband enters his wife and is born again through her. For she is of the same nature as he; do not disdain Shakuntala. (KUMB: 1-100-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_620]
एवमुक्त्वा ततो देवा ऋषयश्च तपोधनाः । पतिव्रतेति संहृष्टाः पुष्पवृष्टिं ववर्षिरे ॥KUMB: १-१००-१३॥
Having spoken thus, the gods and the ascetics rich in austerity joyfully cried, “A devoted wife!” and showered down flowers. (KUMB: 1-100-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_621]
तच्छ्रुत्वा पौरवो वाक्यं व्याहृतं वे दिवौकसाम् । सिंहासनात्समुत्थाय प्रणम्य च दिवौकसः ॥KUMB: १-१००-१४॥
Hearing these words spoken by the gods, the Paurava rose from his throne and bowed to them… (KUMB: 1-100-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_622]
शृण्वन्तु देवतानां च महर्षीणां च भाषितम् । अहमप्येवमेवैनं जानामि सुतमात्मजम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-१६॥
Let all hear what the gods and great seers have declared. I too know him to be my own son. (KUMB: 1-100-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_623]
ततस्तस्य तदा राजा पितृकर्माणि सर्वशः । कारयामास मुदितः प्रीतिमानात्मजस्य ह । मूर्ध्नि चैनं समाघ्राय सस्नेहं परिषस्वजे ॥KUMB: १-१००-१९; NILA: ०१.०७४.११९॥
Then the king, delighted and full of affection for his son, had all the paternal rites performed for him. He smelled his head and embraced him lovingly. (KUMB: 1-100-19; NILA: 01.074.119)
[PV-SVO:01_008_624]
लोकस्यायं परोक्षस्तु संबन्धो नौ पुराऽभवत् । कृतो लोकसमक्षोऽद्य संबन्धो वै पुनः कृतः ॥KUMB: १-१००-२२॥
But this relationship of ours was formerly hidden from the world; today, in the presence of the world, it has indeed been established anew. (KUMB: 1-100-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_625]
तस्मादेतन्मया तस्य तन्निमित्तं प्रभाषितम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-२३॥
Therefore, it was for that reason that I said this to him. (KUMB: 1-100-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_626]
ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्चैव पृथग्विधाः । त्वां देवि वूजयिष्यन्ति निर्विशङ्कां पतिव्रताम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-२५॥
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras of various kinds will honor you, O goddess, as a devoted wife free from apprehension. (KUMB: 1-100-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_627]
अनृतं वाप्यनिष्टं वा दुरुक्तं वातिदुष्कृतम् । त्वयाप्येवं विशालाक्षि क्षन्तव्यं मम दुर्वचः । क्षान्त्या पतिकृते नार्यः पातिव्रत्यं व्रजन्ति ताः ॥KUMB: १-१००-२८॥
You too, wide-eyed one, should forgive my harsh words, whether they were false, unwelcome, badly spoken, or exceedingly wicked. By showing forbearance for their husband’s sake, women attain wifely fidelity. (KUMB: 1-100-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_628]
एवमुक्त्वा तु राजर्षिस्तामनिन्दितगामिनीम् । अन्तःपुरं प्रवेश्याथ दुष्यन्तो महिषीं प्रियाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-२९॥
Having spoken thus, the royal sage Dushyanta brought his beloved queen of faultless gait into the inner apartments and then… (KUMB: 1-100-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_629]
वासोभिरन्नपानैश्च पूजयित्वा तु भारत । स मातरमुपस्थाय रथन्तर्यामभाषत ॥KUMB: १-१००-३०॥
After honoring her with clothing, food, and drink, O Bharata, he approached his mother Rathantarya and said: (KUMB: 1-100-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_630]
मम पुत्रो वने जातस्तव शोकप्रणशनः । ऋणादद्य विमुक्तोऽहं तव पौत्रेण शोभने ॥KUMB: १-१००-३१॥
My son was born in the forest to put an end to your sorrow. Today, lovely lady, I have been freed from my debt by your grandson. (KUMB: 1-100-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_631]
विश्वामित्रसुता चेयं कण्वेन च विवर्धिता । स्नुषा तव महाभागे प्रसीदस्व शकुन्तलाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-३२॥
This is Viśvāmitra’s daughter, raised by Kaṇva, and she is your daughter-in-law, noble lady. Be gracious to Śakuntalā. (KUMB: 1-100-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_632]
पुत्रस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा पौत्रं सा परिषस्वजे । पादयोः पतितां तत्र रथन्तर्या शकुन्तलाम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-३३॥
Hearing her son’s words, she embraced her grandson. Shakuntala, who had fallen there at Rathantari’s feet... (KUMB: 1-100-33)
[PV-SVO:01_008_633]
परिष्वज्य च बाहुभ्यां हर्षादश्रुण्यवर्तयत् । उवाच वचनं सत्यं लक्षये लक्षणानि च ॥KUMB: १-१००-३४॥
Embracing her in both arms, she shed tears of joy and spoke these truthful words: “I recognize the signs as well...” (KUMB: 1-100-34)
[PV-SVO:01_008_634]
तव पुत्रो विशालाक्षि चक्रवर्ती भविष्यति । तव भर्ता विशालाक्षि त्रैलोक्यविजयी भवेत् ॥KUMB: १-१००-३५॥
Your son, wide-eyed lady, will become a universal sovereign, and your husband, wide-eyed lady, will conquer the three worlds. (KUMB: 1-100-35)
[PV-SVO:01_008_635]
दिव्यान्भोगाननुप्राप्ता भव त्वं वरवर्णिनि । एवमुक्ता रथ्तर्या परं हर्षमवाप सा ॥KUMB: १-१००-३६॥
May you attain divine pleasures, fair lady.” Thus addressed by Rathantari, she was filled with great joy. (KUMB: 1-100-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_636]
शकुन्तलां तदा राजा शास्त्रोक्तेनैव कर्मणा । ततोऽग्रमहिषीं कृत्वा सर्वाभरणभूषिताम् ॥KUMB: १-१००-३७॥
Then, by the rite prescribed in scripture, the king made Shakuntala, adorned with every ornament, his chief queen… (KUMB: 1-100-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_637]
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो धनं दत्त्वा सैनिकानां च भूपतिः । दौष्यन्तिं च ततो राजा पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं तदा ॥KUMB: १-१००-३८॥
After giving wealth to the Brahmins and the soldiers, the king then—his son by Shakuntala, the descendant of Dushyanta… (KUMB: 1-100-38)
[PV-SVO:01_008_638]
भरतं नामतः कृत्वा यौवराज्येऽभ्यषेचयत् । भरते भारमावेश्य कृतकृत्योऽभवन्नृपः ॥KUMB: १-१००-३९॥
The king named Śakuntalā’s son Bharata and consecrated him as heir apparent. Having placed the burden of rule upon Bharata, the king felt that he had fulfilled his duty. (KUMB: 1-100-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_639]
ततो वर्षशतं पूर्णं राज्यं कृत्वा नराधिपः । गत्वा वनानि दुष्यन्तः स्वर्गलोकमुपेयिवान् ॥KUMB: १-१००-४०॥
Then King Duṣyanta, after ruling for a full hundred years, withdrew to the forests and attained heaven. (KUMB: 1-100-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_640]
दुष्यन्ताद्भरतो राज्यं यथान्यायमवाप सः। तस्य तत्प्रथितं कर्म प्रावर्तत महात्मनः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१॥
Bharata duly inherited the kingdom from Duṣyanta. The renowned exploits of that great-souled king then began. (KUMB: 1-101-1)
[PV-SVO:01_008_641]
सोऽश्वमेधशतैरीजे यमुनामनु तीरगः । त्रिशतैश्च सरस्वत्यां गङ्गामनु चतुःशतैः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-६॥
He performed a hundred horse sacrifices along the banks of the Yamuna, three hundred along the Sarasvati, and four hundred along the Ganges. (KUMB: 1-101-6)
[PV-SVO:01_008_642]
दौष्यन्तिर्भरतो यज्ञैरीजे शाकुन्तलो नृपः । तस्माद्भरतवंशस्य विप्रतस्थे महद्यशः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-७॥
King Bharata, the son of Dushyanta and Shakuntala, performed sacrifices. From him the great fame of Bharata’s lineage spread far and wide. (KUMB: 1-101-7)
[PV-SVO:01_008_643]
भरतस्य वरस्त्रीषु पुत्राः संजज्ञिरे पृथक् । नाभ्यनन्दत्तदा राजा नानुरूपा ममेति तान् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-८॥
Bharata had sons by his noble wives, each born separately. But the king did not rejoice in them, saying, “They are not worthy of me.” (KUMB: 1-101-8)
[PV-SVO:01_008_644]
ततस्तान्मातरः क्रुद्धाः पुत्रान्निन्युर्यमक्षयम् । ततस्तस्य नरेन्द्रस्य वितथं पुत्रजन्म तत् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-९॥
Then their mothers, enraged, sent those sons to Yama’s abode. Thus the king’s begetting of sons came to nothing. (KUMB: 1-101-9)
[PV-SVO:01_008_645]
ततो महद्भिः क्रतुभिरीजानो भरतस्तदा । लेभे पुत्रं भरद्पाजाद्भुमन्युं नाम भारत ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१०॥
Then Bharata, having performed great sacrifices, obtained from Bharadvaja a son named Bhumanyu, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-101-10)
[PV-SVO:01_008_646]
ततः पुत्रिणमात्मानं ज्ञात्वा पौरवनन्दनः । भुमन्युं भरतश्रेष्ठ यौवराज्येऽभ्यषेचयत् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-११॥
Then the delighted descendant of Puru, knowing that he now had a son, installed Bhumanyu as heir apparent, O best of the Bharatas. (KUMB: 1-101-11)
[PV-SVO:01_008_647]
ततो दिविरथो नाम भुमन्योरभवत्सुतः । सुहोत्रश्च सुहोता च सुहविः सुयजुस्तथा ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१२॥
Then Bhumanyu had a son named Diviratha; Suhotra, Suhota, Suhavis, and Suyajus likewise… (KUMB: 1-101-12)
[PV-SVO:01_008_648]
पुष्करिण्यामृचीकश्च भुमन्योरभवन्सुताः । तेषां ज्येष्ठः सुहोत्रस्तु राज्यमाप महीक्षिताम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१३॥
All these, including Ṛcīka, born to Puṣkariṇī, were Bhūmanyu’s sons. The eldest of them, Suhotra, gained sovereignty over the kings of the earth. (KUMB: 1-101-13)
[PV-SVO:01_008_649]
राजसूयाश्वमेधाद्यैः सोऽयजद्बहुभिः सवैः । सुहोत्रः पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां बुभुजे सागराम्बराम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१४॥
Suhotra performed many sacrifices, including the Rājasūya and Aśvamedha, and ruled the entire earth, girdled by the ocean— (KUMB: 1-101-14)
[PV-SVO:01_008_650]
पूर्णां हस्तिगवाश्वैश्च बहुरत्नसमाकुलाम् । ममज्जेव मही तस्य भूरिभारावपीडिता ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१५॥
—filled with elephants, cattle, and horses and teeming with abundant treasures. The earth seemed almost to sink, weighed down by his immense burden. (KUMB: 1-101-15)
[PV-SVO:01_008_651]
हस्त्यश्वरथसंपूर्णा मनुष्यकलिला भृशम् । सुहोत्रे राजनि तदा धर्मतः शासति प्रजाः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१६॥
Filled with elephants, horses, and chariots and densely thronged with people, while King Suhotra ruled his subjects righteously... (KUMB: 1-101-16)
[PV-SVO:01_008_652]
चैत्ययूपाङ्किता चासीद्भूमिः शतसहस्रशः । प्रवृद्धजनसस्या च सर्वदैव व्यरोचत ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१७॥
The land was marked with consecrated sacrificial posts by the hundreds of thousands, and, abounding in people and crops, it shone resplendently at all times. (KUMB: 1-101-17)
[PV-SVO:01_008_653]
ऐक्ष्वाकी जनयामास सुहोत्रात्पृथिवीपतेः । अजमीढं सुमीढं च पुरुमीढं च भारत ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१८॥
The Ikshvaku princess bore King Suhotra three sons—Ajamidha, Sumidha, and Purumidha, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-101-18)
[PV-SVO:01_008_654]
अजमीढो वरस्तेषां तस्मिन्वंशः प्रतिष्ठितः । षट् पुत्रान्सोप्यजनयत्तिसृषु स्त्रीषु भारत ॥KUMB: १-१०१-१९॥
Ajamīḍha was the foremost of them, and the dynasty was established in him. He too fathered six sons by three wives, O descendant of Bharata. (KUMB: 1-101-19)
[PV-SVO:01_008_655]
ऋक्षं धूमिन्यथो नीली दुष्यन्तपरमेष्ठइनौ । केशिन्यजनयज्जह्नुं सुतौ च जनरूषिणौ ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२०॥
Dhūminī bore Ṛkṣa, Nīlī bore Duṣyanta and Parameṣṭhin, and Keśinī bore Jahnu and the two sons Jana and Rūṣin. (KUMB: 1-101-20)
[PV-SVO:01_008_656]
विदुः संवरणं वीरमृक्षाद्राथन्तरीसुतम् । तथेमे सर्वपञ्चाला दुष्यन्तपरमेष्ठिनोः । अन्वयाः कुशिका राजञ्जन्होरमिततेजसः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२१॥
They know the heroic Saṃvaraṇa, son of Rāthantarī, as descended from Ṛkṣa. Likewise, all these Pañcālas are descendants of Duṣyanta and Parameṣṭhin, while the Kuśikas, O king, descend from Jahnu of boundless vigor. (KUMB: 1-101-21)
[PV-SVO:01_008_657]
जनरूषणयोर्ज्येष्ठमृक्षमाहुर्जनाधिपम् । ऋक्षात्संवरणो जज्ञे राजन्वंशकरस्तव ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२२॥
Ṛkṣa, the ruler of men, is said to have been the elder brother of Jana and Rūṣaṇa. From Ṛkṣa was born Saṃvaraṇa, O king, the progenitor of your line. (KUMB: 1-101-22)
[PV-SVO:01_008_658]
आर्क्षे संवरणे राजन्प्रशासति वसुन्धराम् । संक्षयः सुमहानासीत्प्रजानामिति नः श्रुतम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२३॥
O king, while Saṃvaraṇa, son of Ṛkṣa, was ruling the earth, there was, as we have heard, a very great destruction of his subjects. (KUMB: 1-101-23)
[PV-SVO:01_008_659]
व्यशीर्यत ततो राष्ट्रं क्षयैर्नानाविधैस्तदा । क्षुन्मृत्युभ्यामनावृष्ट्या व्याधिभिश्च समाहतम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२४॥
Then the kingdom fell into ruin, stricken by manifold calamities—hunger, death, drought, and disease. (KUMB: 1-101-24)
[PV-SVO:01_008_660]
अभ्यघ्नन्भारतांश्चैव सपत्नानां बलानि च । चालयन्वसुधां चेमां बलेन चतुरङ्गिणा ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२५॥
The forces of their enemies attacked the Bharatas. And, shaking this earth with his fourfold army… (KUMB: 1-101-25)
[PV-SVO:01_008_661]
अभ्ययात्तं च पाञ्चल्यो विजित्य तरसा महीम् । अक्षौहिणीभिर्दशभिः स एनं समरेऽजयत् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२६॥
After swiftly conquering the earth, the king of Panchala advanced against him and defeated him in battle with ten akshauhinis. (KUMB: 1-101-26)
[PV-SVO:01_008_662]
ततः सदारः सामात्यः सपुत्रः ससुहृज्जनः । राजा संवरणस्तस्मात्पलायत महाभयात् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२७॥
Then King Saṃvaraṇa, together with his wives, ministers, sons, and friends, fled from that great danger. (KUMB: 1-101-27)
[PV-SVO:01_008_663]
ते प्रतीचीं पराभूताः प्रपन्ना भारता दिशम् । सिन्धोर्नदस्य महतो निकुञ्जे न्यवसंस्तदा । नदीविपयपर्यन्ते पर्वतस्य समीपतः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२८॥
Defeated, the Bharatas fled west and then settled in a thicket by the great river Sindhu, at the edge of the river country near the mountain. (KUMB: 1-101-28)
[PV-SVO:01_008_664]
तत्रावसन्बहून्कालान्भारता दुर्गमाश्रिताः । तेषां निवसतां तत्र सहस्रं परिवत्सरान् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-२९॥
There the Bharatas lived for a long time, taking refuge in that inaccessible place. When they had lived there for a thousand years... (KUMB: 1-101-29)
[PV-SVO:01_008_665]
अथाभ्यगच्छद्भरतान्वसिष्ठो भगवानृषिः । तमागतं प्रयत्नेन प्रत्युद्गम्याभिवाद्य च ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३०॥
Then the venerable sage Vasiṣṭha came to the Bharatas. When he arrived, they carefully went out to meet him and saluted him… (KUMB: 1-101-30)
[PV-SVO:01_008_666]
अर्घ्यमभ्याहरंस्तस्मै ते सर्वे भारतास्तदा । निवेद्य सर्वमृषये सत्कारेण सुवर्चसे ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३१॥
Then all the Bharatas offered him the ceremonial guest-offering. Having respectfully recounted everything to the radiant sage… (KUMB: 1-101-31)
[PV-SVO:01_008_667]
तमासने चोपविष्टं राजा वव्रे स्वयं तदा । पुरोहितो भवान्नोऽस्तु राज्याय प्रयतेमहि ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३२॥
Once he was seated, the king himself chose him, saying, “Be our priest, and let us strive to win the kingdom.” (KUMB: 1-101-32)
[PV-SVO:01_008_668]
ओमित्येवं वसिष्ठोऽपि भारतान्प्रत्यपद्यत । अथाभ्यषिञ्चत्साम्राज्ये सर्वक्षत्रस्य पौरवम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३३॥
Vasiṣṭha assented to the Bhāratas, saying, “So be it.” Then he consecrated the Paurava as emperor over all the Kṣatriyas. (KUMB: 1-101-33)
[PV-SVO:01_008_669]
विषाणभूतं सर्वस्यां पृथिव्यामिति नः श्रुतम् । भरताध्युषितं पूर्वं सोऽध्यतिष्ठत्पुरोतोतमम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३४॥
As we have heard, he was preeminent throughout the whole earth. He occupied the finest city, formerly inhabited by Bharata. (KUMB: 1-101-34)
[PV-SVO:01_008_670]
पुनर्बलिभृतश्चैव चक्रे सर्वमहीक्षितः । ततः स पृथिवीं प्राप्य पुनरीजे महाबलः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३५॥
He once again made all the kings pay tribute; then, having gained the earth, the mighty man performed sacrifices again. (KUMB: 1-101-35)
[PV-SVO:01_008_671]
आजमीढो महायज्ञैर्बहुभिर्भूरिदक्षिणैः । ततः संवरणात्सौरी तपती सुषुवे कुरुम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३६॥
Ajamīḍha, with many great sacrifices accompanied by abundant gifts. Then Tapatī, daughter of the Sun, bore Kuru to Saṃvaraṇa. (KUMB: 1-101-36)
[PV-SVO:01_008_672]
राजत्वे तं प्रजाः सर्वा धर्मज्ञ इति वव्रिरे । महिम्ना तस्य कुरवो लेभिरे प्रत्ययं भृशम्। तस्य नाम्नाऽभिविख्यातं पृथिव्यां कुरुजाङ्गलं ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३७॥
All the subjects chose him as king, saying, “He knows dharma.” Through his greatness, the Kurus gained immense confidence, and from his name Kurujangala became renowned on earth. (KUMB: 1-101-37)
[PV-SVO:01_008_673]
कुरुक्षेत्रं स तपसा पुण्यं चक्रे महातपाः । अश्ववन्तमभिष्यन्तं तथा चैत्ररथं मुनिम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३८॥
That great ascetic made Kurukshetra holy through his austerities. Ashvavant, Abhishyant, and also the sage Chaitraratha… (KUMB: 1-101-38)
[PV-SVO:01_008_674]
जनमेजयं च विख्यातं पुत्रांश्चास्यानुशुश्रुम । पञ्चैतान्वाहिनी पुत्रान्व्यजायत मनस्विनी ॥KUMB: १-१०१-३९॥
and the renowned Janamejaya—we have heard that these were his sons. The high-minded Vahini bore these five sons. (KUMB: 1-101-39)
[PV-SVO:01_008_675]
अविक्षितः परिक्षित्तु शबलाश्वस्तु वीर्यवान् । आदिराजो विराजश्च शाल्मलिश्च महाबलः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४०॥
Avikshit, Parikshit, the valiant Shabalashva, Adhiraja, Viraja, and the mighty Shalmali. (KUMB: 1-101-40)
[PV-SVO:01_008_676]
उच्चैःश्रवा भङ्गकारो जितारिश्चाष्टमः स्मृतः । एतेषामन्ववाये तु ख्यातास्ते कर्मजैर्गुणैः । जनमेजयादयः सप्त तथैवान्ये महारथाः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४१॥
Uccaiḥśravas; Bhaṅgakāra, conqueror of foes, is remembered as the eighth. Among their descendants, the seven beginning with Janamejaya—renowned for qualities arising from their deeds—and likewise other great chariot-warriors… (KUMB: 1-101-41)
[PV-SVO:01_008_677]
परीक्षितोऽभवन्पुत्राः सर्वे धर्मार्थकोविदाः । कक्षसेनोग्रसेनौ तु चित्रसेनश्च वीर्यवान् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४२॥
Parikshit’s sons were all well versed in dharma and artha: Kakshasena and Ugrasena, and the valiant Chitrasena... (KUMB: 1-101-42)
[PV-SVO:01_008_678]
इन्द्रसेनः सुषेणश्च भीमसेनश्च नामतः । जनमेजयस्य तनया भुवि ख्याता महाबलाः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४३॥
Indrasena, Sushena, and Bhimasena by name—the mighty sons of Janamejaya, renowned on earth. (KUMB: 1-101-43)
[PV-SVO:01_008_679]
धृतराष्ट्रः प्रथमजः पाण्डुर्बाह्लीक एव च । निषधश्च महातेजास्तथा जाम्बूनदो बली ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४४॥
Dhritarashtra was the firstborn; then came Pandu and Bahlika, the radiant Nishadha, and the mighty Jambunada. (KUMB: 1-101-44)
[PV-SVO:01_008_680]
कुण्डोदरः पदातिश्च वसातिश्चाष्टमः स्मृतः । सर्वे धर्मार्थकुशलाः सर्वभूतहिते रताः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४५॥
Kundodara and Padati, and Vasati, who is remembered as the eighth—all were well versed in duty and worldly affairs and devoted to the welfare of all beings. (KUMB: 1-101-45)
[PV-SVO:01_008_681]
धृतराष्ट्रोऽथ राजासीत्तस्य पुत्रोऽथ कुण्डिकः । हस्ती वितर्कः क्राथश्च कुण्डिनश्चापि पञ्चमः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४६॥
Dhritarashtra then became king. His sons were Kundika, Hasti, Vitarka, Kratha, and Kundina, the fifth. (KUMB: 1-101-46)
[PV-SVO:01_008_682]
हविश्रवास्तथेन्द्राभो भुमन्युश्चापराजितः । धृतराष्ट्रसुतानां तु त्रीनेतान्प्रथितान्भुवि ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४७॥
Havishravas, Indrabha, Bhumanyu, and Aparajita; but these three among Dhritarashtra’s sons, renowned on earth— (KUMB: 1-101-47)
[PV-SVO:01_008_683]
प्रतीपं धर्मनेत्रं च सुनेत्रं चापि भारत । प्रतीपः प्रथितस्तेषां बभूवाप्रतिमो भुवि ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४८॥
Pratipa, Dharmanetra, and Sunetra as well, O Bharata. Of these, Pratipa became renowned and unequalled on earth. (KUMB: 1-101-48)
[PV-SVO:01_008_684]
प्रतीपस्य त्रयः पुत्रा जज्ञिरे भरतर्षभ । देवापिः शन्तनुश्चैव बाह्लीकश्च महारथः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-४९॥
Pratipa had three sons, O bull of the Bharatas: Devapi, Shantanu, and the mighty chariot-warrior Bahlika. (KUMB: 1-101-49)
[PV-SVO:01_008_685]
देवापिस्तु प्रवव्राज तेषां धर्महितेप्सया । शन्तनुश्च महीं लेभे बाह्लीकश्च महारथः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५०॥
Devapi, however, renounced worldly life out of concern for what was right and beneficial for them; Shantanu gained the earth, as did Bahlika, the mighty chariot-warrior. (KUMB: 1-101-50)
[PV-SVO:01_008_686]
एवंविधा महाभागा देवरूपाः प्रहारिणः । अन्ववाये महाराज ऐलवंशविवर्धनाः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५२॥
Such were the illustrious, godlike warriors in the succession, O great king—the perpetuators of Aila’s line. (KUMB: 1-101-52)
[PV-SVO:01_008_687]
गङ्गातीरं समागम्य दीक्षितो जनमेजय । अश्वमेधसहस्राणि वाजपेयशतानि च ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५३॥
Having reached the bank of the Ganges and been consecrated, O Janamejaya—thousands of horse sacrifices and hundreds of Vājapeya sacrifices... (KUMB: 1-101-53)
[PV-SVO:01_008_688]
पुनरीजे महायज्ञैः समाप्तवरदक्षिणैः । अग्निष्टोमातिरात्राणामुक्थानां सोमवत्पुनः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५४॥
Once again, like Soma, he sacrificed with great sacrifices completed with splendid gifts to the priests—with Agniṣṭomas, Atirātras, and Ukthas… (KUMB: 1-101-54)
[PV-SVO:01_008_689]
वाजपेयेष्टिसत्राणां सहस्रैश्च सुसंभृतैः । दृष्ट्वा शाकुन्तलो राजा तर्पयित्वा द्विजान्धनैः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५५॥
and with thousands of lavishly provisioned Vajapeya sacrifices, offerings, and sacrificial sessions. After seeing this and satisfying the Brahmins with riches, the king, Shakuntala’s son… (KUMB: 1-101-55)
[PV-SVO:01_008_690]
पुनः सहस्रं पद्मानां कण्वाय भरतो ददौ । जम्बूनदस्य शुद्धस्य कनकस्य महायशाः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५६॥
Again, the greatly renowned Bharata presented Kaṇva with a thousand lotus-shaped pieces of pure Jāmbūnada gold. (KUMB: 1-101-56)
[PV-SVO:01_008_691]
यस्य यूपाः शतव्यामाः परिणाहेऽथ काञ्चनाः । सहस्रव्याममुद्वृद्धाः सेन्द्रैर्देवैः समुच्छ्रिताः ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५७॥
whose golden sacrificial posts, a hundred fathoms in circumference and towering a thousand fathoms high, were erected by the gods together with Indra… (KUMB: 1-101-57)
[PV-SVO:01_008_692]
स्वलङ्कृता भ्राजमानाः सर्वरत्नैर्मनोरमैः । हिरण्यं द्विरदानश्वान्महिषोष्ट्रगजाविकम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५८॥
splendidly adorned and gleaming with every kind of lovely jewel; gold, elephants, horses, buffaloes, camels, elephants, and sheep... (KUMB: 1-101-58)
[PV-SVO:01_008_693]
दासीदासं धनं धान्यं गाः सुशीलाः सवत्सकाः । भूमिं यूपसहस्राङ्कां कण्वाय बहुदक्षिणाम् ॥KUMB: १-१०१-५९॥
maidservants and manservants, wealth and grain, docile cows with their calves, and land marked by a thousand sacrificial posts as a generous sacrificial gift to Kaṇva… (KUMB: 1-101-59)
[PV-SVO:01_008_694]
बहूनां ब्रह्मकल्पानां धनं दत्त्वा क्रतून्बहून् । ग्रामान्गृहाणि शुभ्राणि कोटिशोथाददत्तदा ॥KUMB: १-१०१-६०॥
After giving wealth to many Brahmins comparable to Brahma for numerous sacrifices, he then gave away villages and splendid houses by the crore. (KUMB: 1-101-60)
[PV-SVO:01_008_695]