Chapter 13: Śantanu’s sons; Citrāṅgada’s death, Vicitravīrya’s accession, Bhīṣma’s seizure of the Kāśī princesses, Ambā’s release, and Vicitravīrya’s death.
ततो विवाहे निर्वृत्ते स राजा शन्तनुर्नृपः। तां कन्यां रूपसम्पन्नां स्वगृहे संन्यवेशयत् ॥BORI: १-०९५-१॥
Then, when the marriage had been solemnized, King Shantanu installed the beautiful maiden in his own household. (BORI: 1-095-1)
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ततः शान्तनवो धीमान्सत्यवत्यामजायत। वीरश्चित्राङ्गदो नाम वीर्येण मनुजानति ॥BORI: १-०९५-२॥
Then Shantanu’s wise and heroic son, named Chitrangada, was born to Satyavati; in valor he surpassed other men. (BORI: 1-095-2)
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अथापरं महेष्वासं सत्यवत्यां पुनः प्रभुः। विचित्रवीर्यं राजानं जनयामास वीर्यवान् ॥BORI: १-०९५-३॥
Then the valiant lord fathered another mighty archer by Satyavati: King Vichitravirya. (BORI: 1-095-3)
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अप्राप्तवति तस्मिंश्च यौवनं भरतर्षभ। स राजा शन्तनुर्धीमान्कालधर्ममुपेयिवान् ॥BORI: १-०९५-४॥
Before he had reached manhood, O bull of the Bharatas, the wise King Shantanu succumbed to the law of time. (BORI: 1-095-4)
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स्वर्गते शन्तनौ भीष्मश्चित्राङ्गदमरिंदमम्। स्थापयामास वै राज्ये सत्यवत्या मते स्थितः ॥BORI: १-०९५-५॥
After Shantanu had gone to heaven, Bhishma, acting in accordance with Satyavati’s wishes, installed the foe-subduing Chitrangada as king. (BORI: 1-095-5)
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स तु चित्राङ्गदः शौर्यात्सर्वांश्चिक्षेप पार्थिवान्। मनुष्यं न हि मेने स कञ्चित्सदृशमात्मनः ॥BORI: १-०९५-६॥
But Chitrangada, in his valor, disparaged all the kings, for he considered no human being his equal. (BORI: 1-095-6)
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त्वं वै सदृशनामासि युद्धं देहि नृपात्मज । नाम वाऽन्यत्प्रगृह्णीष्व यदि युद्धं न दास्यसि ॥KUMB: १-१०८-९॥
You are indeed worthy of your name. Give me battle, prince—or take another name if you will not fight. (KUMB: 1-108-9)
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त्वयाहं युद्धमिच्छामि त्वत्सकाशं तु नामतः । आगतोस्मि वृथाऽऽभाष्य न गच्छेन्नाम ते मम ॥KUMB: १-१०८-१०॥
I wish to fight you. I have come before you because of your name; now that I have challenged you, let your name not prove empty for me. (KUMB: 1-108-10)
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इत्युक्त्वा गर्जमानौ तौ हिरण्वत्यास्तटं गतौ ॥KUMB: १-१०८-११॥
Having spoken thus, the two went roaring to the bank of the Hiranvati. (KUMB: 1-108-11)
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तं क्षिपन्तं सुरांश्चैव मनुष्यानसुरांस्तथा। गन्धर्वराजो बलवांस्तुल्यनामाभ्ययात्तदा। तेनास्य सुमहद्युद्धं कुरुक्षेत्रे बभूव ह ॥BORI: १-०९५-७॥
Then the mighty Gandharva king who bore the same name came against him as he scorned gods, men, and asuras alike. A very great battle took place between them at Kurukshetra. (BORI: 1-095-7)
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तयोर्बलवतोस्तत्र गन्धर्वकुरुमुख्ययोः। नद्यास्तीरे हिरण्वत्याः समास्तिस्रोऽभवद्रणः ॥BORI: १-०९५-८॥
There, on the bank of the Hiranvati River, the battle between the two mighty chiefs—the Gandharva and the Kuru—lasted for three years. (BORI: 1-095-8)
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तस्मिन्विमर्दे तुमुले शस्त्रवृष्टिसमाकुले। मायाधिकोऽवधीद्वीरं गन्धर्वः कुरुसत्तमम् ॥BORI: १-०९५-९॥
In that fierce clash, filled with showers of weapons, the Gandharva, superior in magical powers, slew the heroic foremost of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-095-9)
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चित्राङ्गदं कुरुश्रेष्ठं विचित्रशरकार्मुकम्। अन्ताय कृत्वा गन्धर्वो दिवमाचक्रमे ततः ॥BORI: १-०९५-१०॥
After slaying Chitrangada, the foremost of the Kurus, who bore splendid arrows and bow, the Gandharva then ascended to heaven. (BORI: 1-095-10)
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तस्मिन्नृपतिशार्दूले निहते भूरिवर्चसि। भीष्मः शान्तनवो राजन्प्रेतकार्याण्यकारयत् ॥BORI: १-०९५-११॥
When that illustrious tiger among kings had been slain, Bhishma, son of Shantanu, had the funeral rites performed, O king. (BORI: 1-095-11)
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विचित्रवीर्यं च तदा बालमप्राप्तयौवनम्। कुरुराज्ये महाबाहुरभ्यषिञ्चदनन्तरम् ॥BORI: १-०९५-१२॥
Then the mighty-armed Bhishma immediately installed Vichitravirya, still a boy who had not yet reached manhood, as king of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-095-12)
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विचित्रवीर्यस्तु तदा भीष्मस्य वचने स्थितः। अन्वशासन्महाराज पितृपैतामहं पदम् ॥BORI: १-०९५-१३॥
Vichitravirya then abided by Bhishma’s counsel and ruled the ancestral kingdom, O great king. (BORI: 1-095-13)
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स धर्मशास्त्रकुशलो भीष्मं शान्तनवं नृपः। पूजयामास धर्मेण स चैनं प्रत्यपालयत् ॥BORI: १-०९५-१४॥
The king, well versed in the law, duly honored Bhishma, son of Shantanu, and Bhishma in turn protected him. (BORI: 1-095-14)
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चेदिराजसुतां ज्ञात्वा दाशराजेन वर्धिताम् । विवाहं कारयामास शास्त्रदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥KUMB: १-१०८-१॥
Knowing that she was the daughter of the king of Cedi and had been raised by the fisherman king, he had the marriage performed according to the rite prescribed by scripture. (KUMB: 1-108-1)
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हते चित्राङ्गदे भीष्मो बाले भ्रातरि चानघ । पालयामास तद्राज्यं सत्यवत्या मते स्थितः ॥BORI: १-०९६-१॥
After Citrangada was slain, while his brother was still a child, O sinless one, Bhishma governed that kingdom in accordance with Satyavati’s wishes. (BORI: 1-096-1)
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सम्प्राप्तयौवनं पश्यन्भ्रातरं धीमतां वरम् । भीष्मो विचित्रवीर्यस्य विवाहायाकरोन्मतिम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-२॥
Seeing that his brother Vichitravirya, foremost of the wise, had reached manhood, Bhishma resolved to arrange his marriage. (BORI: 1-096-2)
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अथ काशिपतेर्भीष्मः कन्यास्तिस्रोऽप्सरःसमाः । शुश्राव सहिता राजन्वृण्वतीर्वै स्वयं वरम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-३॥
Then, O king, Bhishma heard that the king of Kashi’s three daughters, who were like celestial nymphs, were together choosing a bridegroom for themselves. (BORI: 1-096-3)
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ततः स रथिनां श्रेष्ठो रथेनैकेन वर्मभृत् । जगामानुमते मातुः पुरीं वाराणसीं प्रति ॥BORI: १-०९६-४॥
Then, with his mother’s consent, that foremost of chariot warriors, clad in armor, set out alone in his chariot for the city of Varanasi. (BORI: 1-096-4)
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तत्र राज्ञः समुदितान्सर्वतः समुपागतान् । ददर्श कन्यास्ताश्चैव भीष्मः शन्तनुनन्दनः ॥BORI: १-०९६-५॥
There Bhishma, Shantanu’s son, saw the assembled kings who had come from every side, as well as those maidens. (BORI: 1-096-5)
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कीर्त्यमानेषु राज्ञां तु नामस्वथ सहस्रशः । भीष्मः स्वयं तदा राजन्वरयामास ताः प्रभुः ॥BORI: १-०९६-६॥
As the kings’ names were being proclaimed by the thousand, the mighty Bhishma himself chose those maidens, O king. (BORI: 1-096-6)
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उवाच च महीपालान्राजञ्जलदनिःस्वनः । रथमारोप्य ताः कन्या भीष्मः प्रहरतां वरः ॥BORI: १-०९६-७॥
Having placed the maidens on his chariot, Bhishma, the best of warriors, addressed the kings in a voice like a thundercloud, O king: (BORI: 1-096-7)
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आहूय दानं कन्यानां गुणवद्भ्यः स्मृतं बुधैः । अलङ्कृत्य यथाशक्ति प्रदाय च धनान्यपि ॥BORI: १-०९६-८॥
The wise have prescribed that daughters be given to worthy men after inviting them, adorning the girls according to one’s means, and also bestowing wealth. (BORI: 1-096-8)
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प्रयच्छन्त्यपरे कन्यां मिथुनेन गवामपि । वित्तेन कथितेनान्ये बलेनान्येऽनुमान्य च ॥BORI: १-०९६-९॥
Some give a maiden away in exchange for a pair of cattle; others obtain one for an agreed payment, others by force, and still others after securing her consent. (BORI: 1-096-9)
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प्रमत्तामुपयान्त्यन्ये स्वयमन्ये च विन्दते । अष्टमं तमथो वित्त विवाहं कविभिः स्मृतम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-१०॥
Some take an unsuspecting woman, while in another form she finds a husband herself. Know that marriage as the eighth, as remembered by the sages. (BORI: 1-096-10)
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स्वयंवरं तु राजन्याः प्रशंसन्त्युपयान्ति च । प्रमथ्य तु हृतामाहुर्ज्यायसीं धर्मवादिनः ॥BORI: १-०९६-११॥
Kshatriyas praise the svayamvara and marry by that rite; but authorities on dharma say that a bride carried off by force is the better choice. (BORI: 1-096-11)
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ता इमाः पृथिवीपाला जिहीर्षामि बलादितः । ते यतध्वं परं शक्त्या विजयायेतराय वा । स्थितोऽहं पृथिवीपाला युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः ॥BORI: १-०९६-१२॥
I intend to carry these maidens off from here by force, rulers of the earth. Exert yourselves to the utmost of your power, whether for victory or defeat. I stand ready for battle, rulers of the earth, resolute in my purpose. (BORI: 1-096-12)
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एवमुक्त्वा महीपालान्काशिराजं च वीर्यवान् । सर्वाः कन्याः स कौरव्यो रथमारोपयत्स्वकम् । आमन्त्र्य च स तान्प्रायाच्छीघ्रं कन्याः प्रगृह्य ताः ॥BORI: १-०९६-१३॥
Having thus addressed the kings and the king of Kashi, the valiant Kaurava placed all the maidens on his own chariot. Then, after taking leave of them, he swiftly departed, taking the maidens with him. (BORI: 1-096-13)
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ततस्ते पार्थिवाः सर्वे समुत्पेतुरमर्षिताः । संस्पृशन्तः स्वकान्बाहून्दशन्तो दशनच्छदान् ॥BORI: १-०९६-१४॥
Then all those enraged kings sprang up, slapping their arms and biting their lips. (BORI: 1-096-14)
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तेषामाभरणान्याशु त्वरितानां विमुञ्चताम् । आमुञ्चतां च वर्माणि सम्भ्रमः सुमहानभूत् ॥BORI: १-०९६-१५॥
As they hurriedly removed their ornaments and donned their armor, tremendous commotion arose. (BORI: 1-096-15)
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ताराणामिव सम्पातो बभूव जनमेजय । भूषणानां च शुभ्राणां कवचानां च सर्वशः ॥BORI: १-०९६-१६॥
O Janamejaya, the bright ornaments and armor scattered everywhere like falling stars. (BORI: 1-096-16)
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सवर्मभिर्भूषणैस्ते द्राग्भ्राजद्भिरितस्ततः । सक्रोधामर्षजिह्मभ्रूसकषायदृशस्तथा ॥BORI: १-०९६-१७॥
They, their armor and ornaments suddenly gleaming here and there, their brows furrowed with anger and indignation and their eyes bloodshot… (BORI: 1-096-17)
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सूतोपकॢप्तान्रुचिरान्सदश्वोद्यतधूर्गतान् । रथानास्थाय ते वीराः सर्वप्रहरणान्विताः । प्रयान्तमेकं कौरव्यमनुसस्रुरुदायुधाः ॥BORI: १-०९६-१८॥
Those warriors mounted splendid chariots prepared by their charioteers and harnessed to excellent horses. Equipped with every kind of weapon and with weapons raised, they followed the lone Kaurava as he departed. (BORI: 1-096-18)
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ततः समभवद्युद्धं तेषां तस्य च भारत । एकस्य च बहूनां च तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-१९॥
Then, descendant of Bharata, a fierce and hair-raising battle arose between him alone and the many of them. (BORI: 1-096-19)
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ते त्विषून्दशसाहस्रांस्तस्मै युगपदाक्षिपन् । अप्राप्तांश्चैव तानाशु भीष्मः सर्वांस्तदाच्छिनत् ॥BORI: १-०९६-२०॥
They hurled ten thousand arrows at him all at once, but before they could reach him, Bhishma swiftly cut them all down. (BORI: 1-096-20)
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ततस्ते पार्थिवाः सर्वे सर्वतः परिवारयन् । ववर्षुः शरवर्षेण वर्षेणेवाद्रिमम्बुदाः ॥BORI: १-०९६-२१॥
Then all those kings surrounded him on every side and showered him with a rain of arrows, as clouds shower a mountain with rain. (BORI: 1-096-21)
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स तद्बाणमयं वर्षं शरैरावार्य सर्वतः । ततः सर्वान्महीपालान्प्रत्यविध्यत्त्रिभिस्त्रिभिः ॥BORI: १-०९६-२२॥
He warded off that rain of arrows on every side with his own shafts, then pierced each of the kings with three arrows. (BORI: 1-096-22)
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तस्याति पुरुषानन्याँल्लाघवं रथचारिणः । रक्षणं चात्मनः सङ्ख्ये शत्रवोऽप्यभ्यपूजयन् ॥BORI: १-०९६-२३॥
Even his enemies praised that chariot-warrior’s agility, which surpassed that of other men, and the way he protected himself in battle. (BORI: 1-096-23)
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तान्विनिर्जित्य तु रणे सर्वशस्त्रविशारदः । कन्याभिः सहितः प्रायाद्भारतो भारतान्प्रति ॥BORI: १-०९६-२४॥
After defeating them in battle, the descendant of Bharata, skilled in every weapon, set out with the maidens toward the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-096-24)
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ततस्तं पृष्ठतो राजञ्शाल्वराजो महारथः । अभ्याहनदमेयात्मा भीष्मं शान्तनवं रणे ॥BORI: १-०९६-२५॥
Then, O king, the mighty chariot-warrior King Shalva, of immeasurable spirit, attacked Bhishma, Shantanu’s son, from behind in battle. (BORI: 1-096-25)
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वारणं जघने निघ्नन्दन्ताभ्यामपरो यथा । वाशितामनुसम्प्राप्तो यूथपो बलिनां वरः ॥BORI: १-०९६-२६॥
as another herd-leading elephant, foremost of the strong, upon reaching a cow elephant, strikes an elephant in the hindquarters with his tusks. (BORI: 1-096-26)
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स्त्रीकाम तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति भीष्ममाह स पार्थिवः । शाल्वराजो महाबाहुरमर्षेणाभिचोदितः ॥BORI: १-०९६-२७॥
“Stop! Stop, you who lust after women!” the mighty-armed King of Shalva said to Bhishma, driven on by indignation. (BORI: 1-096-27)
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ततः स पुरुषव्याघ्रो भीष्मः परबलार्दनः । तद्वाक्याकुलितः क्रोधाद्विधूमोऽग्निरिव ज्वलन् ॥BORI: १-०९६-२८॥
Then Bhishma, that tiger among men and crusher of enemy forces, agitated by those words and blazing with anger like a smokeless fire... (BORI: 1-096-28)
[PV-KDV:01_013_46]
क्षत्रधर्मं समास्थाय व्यपेतभयसम्भ्रमः । निवर्तयामास रथं शाल्वं प्रति महारथः ॥BORI: १-०९६-२९॥
Embracing the warrior’s duty, the great chariot-warrior, free from fear and agitation, turned his chariot back toward Shalva. (BORI: 1-096-29)
[PV-KDV:01_013_47]
निवर्तमानं तं दृष्ट्वा राजानः सर्व एव ते । प्रेक्षकाः समपद्यन्त भीष्मशाल्वसमागमे ॥BORI: १-०९६-३०॥
Seeing him turn back, all those kings became spectators of the encounter between Bhishma and Shalva. (BORI: 1-096-30)
[PV-KDV:01_013_48]
तौ वृषाविव नर्दन्तौ बलिनौ वाशितान्तरे । अन्योन्यमभिवर्तेतां बलविक्रमशालिनौ ॥BORI: १-०९६-३१॥
The two powerful warriors, roaring like bulls in the presence of a cow and endowed with strength and valor, charged at one another. (BORI: 1-096-31)
[PV-KDV:01_013_49]
ततो भीष्मं शान्तनवं शरैः शतसहस्रशः । शाल्वराजो नरश्रेष्ठः समवाकिरदाशुगैः ॥BORI: १-०९६-३२॥
Then the noble King of Shalva showered Bhishma, son of Shantanu, with hundreds of thousands of swift-flying arrows. (BORI: 1-096-32)
[PV-KDV:01_013_50]
पूर्वमभ्यर्दितं दृष्ट्वा भीष्मं शाल्वेन ते नृपाः । विस्मिताः समपद्यन्त साधु साध्विति चाब्रुवन् ॥BORI: १-०९६-३३॥
Seeing Bhishma for the first time hard-pressed by Shalva, those kings were amazed and cried, “Well done! Well done!” (BORI: 1-096-33)
[PV-KDV:01_013_51]
लाघवं तस्य ते दृष्ट्वा संयुगे सर्वपार्थिवाः । अपूजयन्त संहृष्टा वाग्भिः शाल्वं नराधिपाः ॥BORI: १-०९६-३४॥
Seeing his agility in battle, all the assembled kings rejoiced and praised King Shalva with their words. (BORI: 1-096-34)
[PV-KDV:01_013_52]
क्षत्रियाणां तदा वाचः श्रुत्वा परपुरञ्जयः । क्रुद्धः शान्तनवो भीष्मस्तिष्ठ तिष्ठेत्यभाषत ॥BORI: १-०९६-३५॥
Hearing the words of the Kshatriyas, Bhishma, Shantanu’s son and conqueror of enemy cities, grew angry and cried, “Stop! Stop!” (BORI: 1-096-35)
[PV-KDV:01_013_53]
सारथिं चाब्रवीत्क्रुद्धो याहि यत्रैष पार्थिवः । यावदेनं निहन्म्यद्य भुजङ्गमिव पक्षिराट् ॥BORI: १-०९६-३६॥
Enraged, he said to his charioteer, “Drive to where that king is, so that I may slay him today as Garuḍa slays a serpent.” (BORI: 1-096-36)
[PV-KDV:01_013_54]
ततोऽस्त्रं वारुणं सम्यग्योजयामास कौरवः । तेनाश्वांश्चतुरोऽमृद्नाच्छाल्वराज्ञो नराधिप ॥BORI: १-०९६-३७॥
Then the Kaurava properly readied the Varuṇa weapon and with it struck down all four of the king of Śālva’s horses, O king. (BORI: 1-096-37)
[PV-KDV:01_013_55]
अस्त्रैरस्त्राणि संवार्य शाल्वराज्ञः स कौरवः । भीष्मो नृपतिशार्दूल न्यवधीत्तस्य सारथिम् । अस्त्रेण चाप्यथैकेन न्यवधीत्तुरगोत्तमान् ॥BORI: १-०९६-३८॥
Having countered the king of Shalva’s weapons with his own, that Kaurava, Bhishma, O tiger among kings, slew his charioteer; then, with a single weapon, he also slew his finest horses. (BORI: 1-096-38)
[PV-KDV:01_013_56]
कन्याहेतोर्नरश्रेष्ठ भीष्मः शान्तनवस्तदा । जित्वा विसर्जयामास जीवन्तं नृपसत्तमम् । ततः शाल्वः स्वनगरं प्रययौ भरतर्षभ ॥BORI: १-०९६-३९॥
Then, best of men, Bhishma, Shantanu’s son, having defeated the noble king for the sake of the maiden, let him go alive. Thereupon, bull of the Bharatas, Shalva returned to his own city. (BORI: 1-096-39)
[PV-KDV:01_013_57]
राजानो ये च तत्रासन्स्वयंवरदिदृक्षवः । स्वान्येव तेऽपि राष्ट्राणि जग्मुः परपुरञ्जय ॥BORI: १-०९६-४०॥
The kings who had gathered there to witness the svayaṃvara also returned to their own realms, O conqueror of enemy cities. (BORI: 1-096-40)
[PV-KDV:01_013_58]
एवं विजित्य ताः कन्या भीष्मः प्रहरतां वरः । प्रययौ हास्तिनपुरं यत्र राजा स कौरवः ॥BORI: १-०९६-४१॥
Having thus won the maidens, Bhishma, foremost of warriors, set out for Hastinapura, where the Kaurava king was. (BORI: 1-096-41)
[PV-KDV:01_013_59]
सोऽचिरेणैव कालेन अत्यक्रामन्नराधिप । वनानि सरितश्चैव शैलांश्च विविधद्रुमान् ॥BORI: १-०९६-४२॥
In a very short time, O king, he crossed forests and rivers, and mountains covered with many kinds of trees. (BORI: 1-096-42)
[PV-KDV:01_013_60]
अक्षतः क्षपयित्वारीन्सङ्ख्येऽसङ्ख्येयविक्रमः । आनयामास काश्यस्य सुताः सागरगासुतः ॥BORI: १-०९६-४३॥
Unscathed after destroying his enemies in battle, the son of the river that flows to the ocean, a warrior of immeasurable prowess, brought away the daughters of the king of Kashi. (BORI: 1-096-43)
[PV-KDV:01_013_61]
स्नुषा इव स धर्मात्मा भगिन्य इव चानुजाः । यथा दुहितरश्चैव प्रतिगृह्य ययौ कुरून् ॥BORI: १-०९६-४४॥
That righteous man received them as daughters-in-law, younger sisters, and daughters, and departed for the land of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-096-44)
[PV-KDV:01_013_62]
ताः सर्वा गुणसम्पन्ना भ्राता भ्रात्रे यवीयसे । भीष्मो विचित्रवीर्याय प्रददौ विक्रमाहृताः ॥BORI: १-०९६-४५॥
Bhishma gave all those accomplished women, won by his valor, to his younger brother Vichitravirya. (BORI: 1-096-45)
[PV-KDV:01_013_63]
सतां धर्मेण धर्मज्ञः कृत्वा कर्मातिमानुषम् । भ्रातुर्विचित्रवीर्यस्य विवाहायोपचक्रमे । सत्यवत्या सह मिथः कृत्वा निश्चयमात्मवान् ॥BORI: १-०९६-४६॥
After performing a superhuman feat in accordance with the law of the virtuous, the self-possessed knower of dharma privately reached a decision with Satyavati and began arranging the marriage of his brother Vichitravirya. (BORI: 1-096-46)
[PV-KDV:01_013_64]
विवाहं कारयिष्यन्तं भीष्मं काशिपतेः सुताः । ज्येष्ठा तासामिदं वाक्यमब्रवीद्ध सती तदा ॥BORI: १-०९६-४७॥
Then the eldest of the king of Kashi’s daughters, a virtuous woman, spoke these words to Bhishma as he was about to arrange the marriage: (BORI: 1-096-47)
[PV-KDV:01_013_65]
मया सौभपतिः पूर्वं मनसाभिवृतः पतिः । तेन चास्मि वृता पूर्वमेष कामश्च मे पितुः ॥BORI: १-०९६-४८॥
I had already chosen the lord of Saubha in my heart as my husband, and he had already chosen me. This was also my father’s wish. (BORI: 1-096-48)
[PV-KDV:01_013_66]
मया वरयितव्योऽभूच्छाल्वस्तस्मिन्स्वयंवरे । एतद्विज्ञाय धर्मज्ञ ततस्त्वं धर्ममाचर ॥BORI: १-०९६-४९॥
I was to choose Śālva at that svayaṃvara. Knowing this, you who understand dharma, act in accordance with dharma. (BORI: 1-096-49)
[PV-KDV:01_013_67]
एवमुक्तस्तया भीष्मः कन्यया विप्रसंसदि । चिन्तामभ्यगमद्वीरो युक्तां तस्यैव कर्मणः ॥BORI: १-०९६-५०॥
Thus addressed by the maiden in the assembly of Brahmins, the heroic Bhishma fell into reflection appropriate to that very matter. (BORI: 1-096-50)
[PV-KDV:01_013_68]
स विनिश्चित्य धर्मज्ञो ब्राह्मणैर्वेदपारगैः । अनुजज्ञे तदा ज्येष्टामम्बां काशिपतेः सुताम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-५१॥
After reaching a decision in consultation with Brahmins learned in the Vedas, he, knowing dharma, then gave leave to the eldest, Amba, daughter of the king of Kashi. (BORI: 1-096-51)
[PV-KDV:01_013_69]
अम्बिकाम्बालिके भार्ये प्रादाद्भ्रात्रे यवीयसे । भीष्मो विचित्रवीर्याय विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥BORI: १-०९६-५२॥
Bhishma gave Ambika and Ambalika as wives to his younger brother Vichitravirya, with the rites prescribed by law. (BORI: 1-096-52)
[PV-KDV:01_013_70]
तयोः पाणिं गृहीत्वा स रूपयौवनदर्पितः । विचित्रवीर्यो धर्मात्मा कामात्मा समपद्यत ॥BORI: १-०९६-५३॥
Taking the hands of the two women in marriage, the righteous Vicitravirya, proud of his beauty and youth, became wholly given to sensual desire. (BORI: 1-096-53)
[PV-OTH:01_013_71]
ते चापि बृहती श्यामे नीलकुञ्चितमूर्धजे । रक्ततुङ्गनखोपेते पीनश्रोणिपयोधरे ॥BORI: १-०९६-५४॥
Those two as well—tall and dark-complexioned, with dark curly hair, prominent red nails, and full hips and breasts— (BORI: 1-096-54)
[PV-OTH:01_013_72]
आत्मनः प्रतिरूपोऽसौ लब्धः पतिरिति स्थिते । विचित्रवीर्यं कल्याणं पूजयामासतुस्तु ते ॥BORI: १-०९६-५५॥
Thinking, “We have obtained a husband who is a match for us,” those two honored the handsome Vicitravirya. (BORI: 1-096-55)
[PV-OTH:01_013_73]
स चाश्विरूपसदृशो देवसत्त्वपराक्रमः । सर्वासामेव नारीणां चित्तप्रमथनोऽभवत् ॥BORI: १-०९६-५६॥
Resembling the Ashvins in appearance and possessing divine strength and valor, he captivated the hearts of all women. (BORI: 1-096-56)
[PV-OTH:01_013_74]
ताभ्यां सह समाः सप्त विहरन्पृथिवीपतिः । विचित्रवीर्यस्तरुणो यक्ष्माणं समपद्यत ॥BORI: १-०९६-५७॥
After spending seven years with the two of them, the young king Vichitravirya contracted consumption. (BORI: 1-096-57)
[PV-KDV:01_013_75]
सुहृदां यतमानानामाप्तैः सह चिकित्सकैः । जगामास्तमिवादित्यः कौरव्यो यमसादनम् ॥BORI: १-०९६-५८॥
Despite the efforts of his friends and trusted physicians, the Kaurava went to the abode of Yama, like the sun setting. (BORI: 1-096-58)
[PV-KDV:01_013_76]
प्रेतकार्याणि सर्वाणि तस्य सम्यगकारयत् । राज्ञो विचित्रवीर्यस्य सत्यवत्या मते स्थितः । ऋत्विग्भिः सहितो भीष्मः सर्वैश्च कुरुपुङ्गवैः ॥BORI: १-०९६-५९॥
Acting in accordance with Satyavatī’s wishes, Bhīṣma had all the funeral rites for King Vicitravīrya duly performed, together with the officiating priests and all the foremost Kurus. (BORI: 1-096-59)
[PV-KDV:01_013_77]
तथा विचित्रवीर्यं तु वर्तमानं सुखेऽतुले । संप्राप्तयौवनं दृष्ट्वा भ्रातरं धीमतां वरः । भीष्मो विचित्रवीर्यस्य विवाहायाकरोन्मतिम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-२॥
Seeing that his brother Vichitravirya had come of age and was living in unparalleled happiness, Bhishma, foremost of the wise, resolved to arrange his marriage. (KUMB: 1-109-2)
[PV-SVO:01_013_78]
तासां कामेन संमत्ताः सहिताः काशिकोसलाः । वङ्गाः पुण्ड्राः कलिङ्गाश्च ते जग्मुस्तां पुरीं प्रति ॥KUMB: १-१०९-६॥
Maddened by desire for them, the kings of Kashi and Kosala, together with the Vangas, Pundras, and Kalingas, went to that city. (KUMB: 1-109-6)
[PV-SVO:01_013_79]
कीर्त्यमानेषु राज्ञां तु तदा नामसु सर्वशः । एकाकिनं तदा भीष्मं वृद्धं शान्तनुनन्दनम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७; NILA: ०१.१०२.००६॥
But then, as the kings’ names were being proclaimed one after another, Bhishma alone—the aged son of Shantanu… (KUMB: 1-109-7; NILA: 01.102.006)
[PV-SVO:01_013_80]
सोद्वेगा इव तं दृष्ट्वा कन्याः परमशोभनाः । अपाक्रामन्त ताः सर्वा वृद्ध इत्येव चिन्तया ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८; NILA: ०१.१०२.००७॥
Seeing him, all those exceedingly beautiful maidens drew away in alarm, thinking only, “He is old.” (KUMB: 1-109-8; NILA: 01.102.007)
[PV-SVO:01_013_81]
वृद्धः परमधर्मात्मा वलीपलितधारणः । किकारणमिहायातो निर्लज्जो भरतर्षभः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९; NILA: ०१.१०२.००८॥
Why has this shameless bull of the Bharatas, an old man of the highest virtue, wrinkled and gray-haired, come here? (KUMB: 1-109-9; NILA: 01.102.008)
[PV-SVO:01_013_82]
मिथ्याप्रतिज्ञो लोकेषु किं वदिष्यति भारत । ब्रह्मचारीति भीष्मो हि वृथैव प्रथितो भुवि ॥KUMB: १-१०९-१०; NILA: ०१.१०२.००९॥
What will Bharata’s descendant, whose vow has proved false, say before the world? For Bhishma’s reputation on earth as a celibate has indeed been in vain. (KUMB: 1-109-10; NILA: 01.102.009)
[PV-SVO:01_013_83]
इत्येवं प्रबुवन्तस्ते हसन्ति स्म नृपाधमाः । वैशम्पायन उवाच । क्षत्रियाणां वचः श्रुत्वा भीष्मश्चुक्रोध भारत ॥KUMB: १-१०९-११; KUMB: १-१०९-११क्ष्; NILA: ०१.१०२.०१०॥
Speaking thus, those vilest of kings laughed. Vaishampayana said: Hearing the Kshatriyas’ words, Bhishma grew angry, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-109-11; KUMB: 1-109-11क्ष्; NILA: 01.102.010)
[PV-SVO:01_013_84]
आर्षं विधिं पुरस्कृत्य दारान्विन्दन्ति चापरे । अष्टमं तमथो वित्त विवाहं कविभिर्वृतम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-१६; NILA: ०१.१०२.०१५॥
Others obtain wives by following the rite prescribed by the seers. Know that to be the eighth form of marriage, approved by the wise. (KUMB: 1-109-16; NILA: 01.102.015)
[PV-SVO:01_013_85]
अच्छिनच्छरवर्षेण महता लोमवाहिना । ततस्ते पार्थिवाः सर्वे सर्वतः परिवार्य तम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-२८; NILA: ०१.१०२.०२७॥
He cut them down with a great shower of feathered arrows. Then all those kings, surrounding him on every side… (KUMB: 1-109-28; NILA: 01.102.027)
[PV-SVO:01_013_86]
ततः सर्वान्महीपालान्पर्यविध्यत्त्रिभिस्त्रिभिः । एकैकस्तु ततो भीष्मं राजन्विव्याध पञ्चभिः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-३०; NILA: ०१.१०२.०२९॥
Then he pierced each of the kings with three arrows; each of them in turn, O king, pierced Bhishma with five. (KUMB: 1-109-30; NILA: 01.102.029)
[PV-SVO:01_013_87]
स च तान्प्रतिविव्याध द्वाभ्यां द्वाभ्यां पराक्रमन् । तद्युद्धमासीत्तुमुलं घोरं देवासुरोपमम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-३१; NILA: ०१.१०२.०३०॥
Displaying his prowess, he in turn struck each of them with two arrows. That battle was fierce and tumultuous, like the combat between the gods and the asuras. (KUMB: 1-109-31; NILA: 01.102.030)
[PV-SVO:01_013_88]
पश्यतां लोकवीराणां शरशक्तिसमाकुलम् । स धनूंषि ध्वजाग्राणि वर्माणि च शिरांसि ॥KUMB: १-१०९-३२; NILA: ०१.१०२.०३१॥
—thick with arrows and lances as the heroes of the world looked on. Bows, the tips of standards, suits of armor, and heads he… (KUMB: 1-109-32; NILA: 01.102.031)
[PV-SVO:01_013_89]
चिच्छेद समरे भीष्मः शतशोथ सहस्रशः । तस्यातिपुरुषं कर्म लाघवं रथचारिणः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-३३; NILA: ०१.१०२.०३२॥
In battle Bhishma cut them down by the hundreds and thousands. That chariot-warrior’s superhuman feat and agility… (KUMB: 1-109-33; NILA: 01.102.032)
[PV-SVO:01_013_90]
तद्वाक्याकुलितः क्रोधाद्विधूमोग्निरिव ज्वलन् । विततेषुधनुष्पाणिर्विकुञ्चितललाटभृत् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-४०; NILA: ०१.१०२.०३८॥
Agitated by those words and blazing with anger like a smokeless fire, he held his bow and arrow drawn, his brow furrowed… (KUMB: 1-109-40; NILA: 01.102.038)
[PV-SVO:01_013_91]
स्वराज्यमन्वशाच्चैव धर्मेण नृपतिस्तदा । राजानो ये च तत्रासन्स्वयंवरदिदृक्षवः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-५३; NILA: ०१.१०२.०५१॥
The king then ruled his own kingdom righteously; and the kings who were there, eager to witness the svayamvara… (KUMB: 1-109-53; NILA: 01.102.051)
[PV-SVO:01_013_92]
प्रययौ हास्तिनपुरं यत्र राजा स कौरवः । विचित्रवीर्यो धर्मात्मा प्रशास्ति वसुधामिमाम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-५५; NILA: ०१.१०२.०५३॥
He departed for Hastinapura, where the righteous Kaurava king Vichitravirya rules this earth. (KUMB: 1-109-55; NILA: 01.102.053)
[PV-SVO:01_013_93]
यथा पितास्य कौरव्यः शान्तनुर्नृपसत्तमः । सोऽचिरेणैव कालेन अत्यक्रामन्नराधिप ॥KUMB: १-१०९-५६; NILA: ०१.१०२.०५४॥
Like his father, the Kaurava Shantanu, foremost of kings, he too, O king, covering the distance in a very short time… (KUMB: 1-109-56; NILA: 01.102.054)
[PV-SVO:01_013_94]
यथा दुहितश्चैव परिगृह्य ययौ कुरून् । आनिन्ये स महाबाहुर्भ्रातुः प्रियचिकीर्षया ॥KUMB: १-१०९-५९; NILA: ०१.१०२.०५७॥
Taking them as though they were his own daughters, he went to the Kurus. The mighty-armed man brought them there, wishing to please his brother. (KUMB: 1-109-59; NILA: 01.102.057)
[PV-SVO:01_013_95]
अन्यसक्ता त्वियं कन्या ज्येष्ठा त्वम्बा मया जिता । वाचा दत्ता मनोदत्ता कृतमङ्गलवाचना ॥KUMB: १-१०९-६६॥
But this maiden whom I won—the eldest, Ambā—is attached to another. She has been promised in word, given in thought, and had the nuptial benedictions pronounced over her. (KUMB: 1-109-66)
[PV-SVO:01_013_96]
निर्दिष्टा तु परस्यैव सा त्याज्या परचिन्तिनी । इत्युक्त्वा चानुमान्यैव भ्रातरं स्ववशानुगम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-६७॥
“But she has been promised to another and thinks of another, so she must be released.” Having said this and secured the agreement of his brother, who deferred to his will… (KUMB: 1-109-67)
[PV-SVO:01_013_97]
तयोः पाणी गृहीत्वा तु रूपयौवनदर्पितः । विचित्रवीर्यो धर्मात्मा नाम्बामैच्छत्कथंचन ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७०॥
Having taken the hands of the other two in marriage, the righteous Vichitravirya, proud of his beauty and youth, would not accept Amba under any circumstances. (KUMB: 1-109-70)
[PV-SVO:01_013_98]
अम्बामन्यस्य कीर्त्यन्तीमब्रवीच्चारुदर्शनाम् । विचित्रवीर्य उवाच । पापस्य फलमेवैष कामोऽसाधुर्निरर्थकः । परतन्त्रोपभोगो मामार्य नाऽऽयोक्तुमर्हसि ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७१; KUMB: १-१०९-७१क्ष्॥
Regarding beautiful Amba, who was said to belong to another, Vicitravirya said, “This desire is merely the fruit of sin—improper, futile, and dependent on another for its fulfillment. Noble sir, you should not involve me in it.” (KUMB: 1-109-71; KUMB: 1-109-71क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_013_99]
प्रातिष्ठच्छान्तनोर्वंशस्तात यस्य त्वमन्वयः । अकामवृत्तो धर्मात्मन्साधु मन्ये मतं तव ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७२॥
Śantanu’s line has continued, dear one, and you are its successor. Free from desire, O righteous man, I approve your decision. (KUMB: 1-109-72)
[PV-SVO:01_013_100]
इत्युक्त्वाम्बां समालोक्य विधिवद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् । विसृष्टा ह्यसि गच्छ त्वं यथाकाममनिन्दिते ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७३॥
Having said this, he looked at Ambā and addressed her formally: “You are released. Go wherever you wish, blameless lady.” (KUMB: 1-109-73)
[PV-SVO:01_013_101]
नानियोज्ये समर्थोऽहं नियोक्तुं भ्रातरं प्रियम् । अन्यबावगतां चापि को नारीं वासयेद्गृहे ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७४॥
I cannot ask my beloved brother to do what should not be asked of him. And who would keep in his house a woman whose heart belongs to another? (KUMB: 1-109-74)
[PV-SVO:01_013_102]
अतस्त्वां न नियोक्ष्यामि अन्यकामासि गम्यताम् । अहमप्यूर्ध्वरेता वै निवृत्तो दारकर्मणि ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७५॥
Therefore I will not oblige you; your desire is for another—go to him. I too shall remain celibate, having renounced relations with women. (KUMB: 1-109-75)
[PV-SVO:01_013_103]
न संबन्धस्तदावाभ्यां भविता वै कथंचन । वैशम्पायन उवाच । इत्युक्ता सा गता तत्र सखीभिः परिवारिता ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७६; KUMB: १-१०९-७६क्ष्॥
“There can never be any union between us.” Vaishampayana said: Thus addressed, she departed, surrounded by her female companions. (KUMB: 1-109-76; KUMB: 1-109-76क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_013_104]
निर्दिष्टा हि शनै राजन्साल्वराजपुरं प्रति । अथाम्बा साल्वंमागम्य साऽब्रवीत्प्रतिपूज्य तं ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७७॥
Sent on her way, she proceeded slowly toward King Shalva’s city, O king. Then Amba came to Shalva, paid him due honor, and said to him… (KUMB: 1-109-77)
[PV-SVO:01_013_105]
पुरा निर्दिष्टभावा त्वामागतास्मि वरानन । देवव्रतं समुत्सृज्य सानुजं भरतर्षभम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७८॥
I had already set my heart on you, fair-faced one, and have come to you after leaving Devavrata, bull of the Bharatas, and his younger brothers… (KUMB: 1-109-78)
[PV-SVO:01_013_106]
प्रतिगृह्णीष्व भद्रं ते विधिवन्मां समुद्यताम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-७९॥
Accept me, who have come willingly, according to the proper rite. May good fortune be yours. (KUMB: 1-109-79)
[PV-SVO:01_013_107]
तयैवमुक्तः साल्वोपि प्रहसन्निदमब्रवीत् । निर्जिताऽसीह भीष्मेण मां विनिर्जित्य राजसु ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८०॥
Addressed thus by her, Salva laughed and said, “Bhishma won you after defeating me in the presence of the kings… (KUMB: 1-109-80)
[PV-SVO:01_013_108]
अन्येन निर्जितां भद्रे विसृष्टां तेन चालयात् । न गृह्णामि वरारोहे तत्र चैव तु गम्यताम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८१॥
My dear, I will not accept you, since another man won you and then sent you away from his abode. Lovely woman, go back there. (KUMB: 1-109-81)
[PV-SVO:01_013_109]
इत्युक्ता सा समागम्य कुरुराज्यमनुत्तमम् । अम्बाब्रवीत्ततो भीष्मं त्वयाऽहं सहसा हृता ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८२॥
Thus addressed, Amba returned to the unsurpassed kingdom of the Kurus and said to Bhishma, “You carried me off by force.” (KUMB: 1-109-82)
[PV-SVO:01_013_110]
क्षत्रधर्ममवेक्षस्व त्वं भर्ता मम धर्मतः । यां यः स्वयंवरे कन्यां निर्जयेच्छौर्यसंपदा ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८३॥
Consider the duty of a Kshatriya: by right, you are my husband. Any maiden whom a man wins at a svayamvara through his prowess… (KUMB: 1-109-83)
[PV-SVO:01_013_111]
राज्ञः सर्वान्विनिर्जित्य स तामुद्वाहयेद्ध्रुवम् । अतस्त्वमेव भर्ता मे त्वयाऽहं निर्जिता यतः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८४॥
After defeating all the kings, he should certainly marry her. Therefore, you alone are my husband, since I was won by you. (KUMB: 1-109-84)
[PV-SVO:01_013_112]
तस्माद्वहस्व मां भीष्म निर्जितां संसदि त्वया । ऊर्ध्वरेता ह्यहमिति प्रत्युवाच पुनःपुनः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८५॥
“Therefore marry me, Bhishma, for you won me in the assembly.” But he replied again and again, “I am celibate.” (KUMB: 1-109-85)
[PV-SVO:01_013_113]
भीष्मं सा चाब्रवीदम्बा यथाजैषीस्तथा कुरु । एवमन्वगमद्भीष्मं षट्समाः पुष्करेक्षणा ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८६॥
Amba said to Bhishma, “Since you won me, act accordingly.” Thus the lotus-eyed woman followed Bhishma for six years. (KUMB: 1-109-86)
[PV-SVO:01_013_114]
ऊर्ध्वरेतास्त्वहं भद्रे विवाहविमुखोऽभवम् । तमेव साल्वं गच्छ त्वं यः पुरा मनसा वृतः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८७॥
But I, fair lady, have become celibate and averse to marriage. Go to that very Śālva whom you had previously chosen in your heart. (KUMB: 1-109-87)
[PV-SVO:01_013_115]
अन्यसक्तं किमर्थं त्वमात्मानमवदः पुरा । अन्यसक्तां वधूं कन्यां वासयेत्स्वगृहे न हि ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८८॥
Why did you previously declare yourself attached to another? For one should not keep in one’s own house a maiden bride who is attached to another. (KUMB: 1-109-88)
[PV-SVO:01_013_116]
नाहमुद्वाहयिष्ये त्वां मम भ्रात्रे यवीयसे । विचित्रवीर्याय शुभे यथेष्टं गम्यतामिति ॥KUMB: १-१०९-८९॥
“I will not give you in marriage to my younger brother Vichitravirya. Fair lady, go wherever you wish.” (KUMB: 1-109-89)
[PV-SVO:01_013_117]
भूयः साल्वं समभ्येत्य राजन्गृह्णीष्व मामिति । नाहं गृह्णाम्यन्यजितामिति साल्वनिराकृता ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९०॥
Approaching Salva once more, O king, she said, “Take me.” But Salva rejected her, saying, “I will not take a woman won by another”... (KUMB: 1-109-90)
[PV-SVO:01_013_118]
ऊर्ध्वरेतास्त्वहमिति भीष्मेण च निराकृता । अम्बा भीष्मं पुनः साल्वं भीष्मं साल्वं पुनः पुनः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९१॥
Rejected also by Bhishma, who said, “But I am celibate,” Amba—to Bhishma, then Salva, Bhishma, Salva, again and again… (KUMB: 1-109-91)
[PV-SVO:01_013_119]
गमनागमनेनैवमनैषीत्षट् समा नृप । अश्रुभिर्भूमिमुक्षन्ती शोचन्ती सा मनस्विनी ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९२॥
Thus she spent six years going back and forth, O king, grieving and watering the earth with her tears—that proud-spirited woman. (KUMB: 1-109-92)
[PV-SVO:01_013_120]
पीनोन्नतकुचद्वन्द्वा विशालजघनेक्षणा । श्रोणीभरालसगमा राकाचन्द्रनिभानना ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९३॥
With a pair of full, high breasts, broad hips and large eyes, her gait languid from the weight of her hips, and her face resembling the full moon... (KUMB: 1-109-93)
[PV-SVO:01_013_121]
वर्षत्कादम्बिनीमूर्ध्नि स्फुरन्ती चञ्चलेव सा । सा ततो द्वादश समा बाहुदामभितो नदीम् । पार्श्वे हिमवतो रम्ये तपो घोरं समाददे ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९४॥
Shining like flickering lightning atop a rain cloud, she then undertook severe austerities for twelve years beside the Bāhudā River, on a lovely slope of the Himalaya. (KUMB: 1-109-94)
[PV-SVO:01_013_122]
संक्षिप्तकरणा तत्र तप आस्थाय सुव्रता । पादाङ्गुष्ठेन साऽतिष्ठदकम्पन्त ततः सुराः ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९५॥
There, the virtuous woman, restraining her senses and undertaking austerity, stood on the tip of one big toe; then the gods trembled. (KUMB: 1-109-95)
[PV-SVO:01_013_123]
तस्यास्तत्तु तपो दृष्ट्वा सुराणां क्षोभकारकम् । विस्मितश्चैव हृष्टश्च तस्यानुग्रहबुद्धिमान् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९६॥
Seeing that austerity of hers, which was disturbing the gods, he was both astonished and delighted, and resolved to favor her… (KUMB: 1-109-96)
[PV-SVO:01_013_124]
अनन्तसेनो भगवान्कुमारो वरदः प्रभुः । मानयन्राजपुत्रीं तां ददौ तस्यै शुभां स्रजम् ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९७॥
The blessed Kumara, lord of boundless hosts, the sovereign granter of boons, honored the princess and gave her an auspicious garland. (KUMB: 1-109-97)
[PV-SVO:01_013_125]
एषा पुष्करिणी दिव्या यथावत्समुपस्थिता । अम्बे त्वच्छोकशमनी माला भुवि भविष्यति ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९८॥
This divine lotus garland has duly appeared. Amba, this garland will allay your grief on earth. (KUMB: 1-109-98)
[PV-SVO:01_013_126]
एतां चैव मया दत्तां मालां यो धारयिष्यति । सोऽस्य भीष्मस्य निधने कारणं वै भविष्यति । ॥KUMB: १-१०९-९९॥
Whoever wears this garland that I have given you will indeed be the cause of Bhishma’s death. (KUMB: 1-109-99)
[PV-SVO:01_013_127]
अन्यपूर्वेति मां साल्वो नाभिनन्दति बालिशः । साहं धर्माच्च कामाच्च विहीना शोकधारिणी ॥KUMB: १-११०-१॥
The foolish Salva does not accept me, saying that I belonged to another man before. And so I, deprived of both righteousness and love and bearing my grief... (KUMB: 1-110-1)
[PV-SVO:01_013_128]
अपतिः क्षत्रियान्सर्वानाक्रन्दामि समन्ततः । इयं वः क्षत्रिया माला या भीष्मं निहनिष्यति ॥KUMB: १-११०-२॥
Husbandless, I appeal everywhere to all the Kshatriyas: “This garland is for you, Kshatriyas; it will kill Bhishma.” (KUMB: 1-110-2)
[PV-SVO:01_013_129]
अहं च भार्या तस्य स्यां यो भीष्मं घातयिष्यति । तस्याश्चङ्क्रम्यमाणायाः समाः पञ्च गताः पराः ॥KUMB: १-११०-३॥
And I shall become the wife of the man who kills Bhishma.” As she wandered about, another five years passed. (KUMB: 1-110-3)
[PV-SVO:01_013_130]
नाभवच्छरणं कश्चित्क्षत्रियो भीष्मजाद्भयात् । अगच्छत्सोमकं साऽम्बा पाञ्चालेषु यशस्विनम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-४॥
No Kshatriya offered her refuge, for fear of Bhishma. Amba went to the illustrious Somaka among the Panchalas… (KUMB: 1-110-4)
[PV-SVO:01_013_131]
सत्यसन्धं महेष्वासं सत्यधर्मपरायणम् । सा सभाद्वारमागम्य पाञ्चालैरभिरक्षितम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-५॥
—true to his word, a great archer, and devoted to the law of truth. Reaching the assembly door, which was guarded by the Panchalas, she… (KUMB: 1-110-5)
[PV-SVO:01_013_132]
पाञ्चालराजमाक्रन्दत्प्रगृह्य सुभुजा भुजौ । भीष्मेण हन्यमानां मां मज्जन्तीमिव च ह्रदे ॥KUMB: १-११०-६॥
Grasping the Panchala king’s arms with her own lovely arms, she cried out, “I am being slain by Bhishma and am sinking as though in a lake—” (KUMB: 1-110-6)
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यज्ञसेनाभिधावेह पाणिमालम्ब्य चोद्धर । तेन मे सर्वधर्माश्च रतिभोगाश्च केवलाः ॥KUMB: १-११०-७॥
Yajnasena, hurry here! Take my hand and pull me out! Because of him, all my duties and every pleasure of love... (KUMB: 1-110-7)
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उभौ च लोकौ कीर्तिश्च समूलौ सफलौ हृतौ । ***न्त्येवं न विन्दामि राजन्यं शरणं क्वचित् ॥KUMB: १-११०-८॥
Both worlds and fame, root and fruit alike, have been taken away. Though I cry out in this way, I find no Kshatriya anywhere in whom to seek refuge. (KUMB: 1-110-8)
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किं नु निःक्षत्रियो लोको यत्रानाथोऽवसीदति । समागम्य तु राजानो मयोक्ता राजसत्तमाः ॥KUMB: १-११०-९॥
Is the world then devoid of Kshatriyas, that an unprotected man is left to perish? But when the kings, the foremost of rulers, had assembled, I addressed them. (KUMB: 1-110-9)
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शृण्वन्तु सर्वे राजानो मयोक्तं राजसत्तमाः । इक्ष्वाकूणां तु ये वृद्धाः पाञ्चालानां च ये वराः ॥KUMB: १-११०-१०॥
Let all the kings hear what I have said—all you foremost kings, the elders among the Ikshvakus and the finest among the Panchalas. (KUMB: 1-110-10)
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त्वत्प्रसादाद्विवाहेऽस्मिन्मा धर्मो मा पराजयेत् । प्रसीद यज्ञसेनेह गतिर्मे भव सोमक ॥KUMB: १-११०-११॥
Through your favor, may Dharma not defeat me in this marriage. Be gracious, Yajnasena; be my refuge in this matter, Somaka. (KUMB: 1-110-11)
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जानामि त्वां बोधयामि राजपुत्रि विशेषतः । यथाशक्ति यथाधर्मं बलं संधारयाम्यहम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-१२॥
I understand you, princess, and I am instructing you in particular. To the best of my ability and in accordance with dharma, I shall muster my strength. (KUMB: 1-110-12)
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अन्यस्मात्पार्थिवाद्यत्ते भयं स्यात्पार्थिवात्मजे । तस्यापनयने हेतुं संविधातुमहं प्रभुः ॥KUMB: १-११०-१३॥
Whatever danger you may face from another king, O king’s daughter, I am capable of arranging the means to remove it. (KUMB: 1-110-13)
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नहि शान्तनवस्याहं महास्त्रस्य प्रहारिणः । ईश्वरः क्षत्रियाणां हि बलं धर्मोऽनुवर्तते ॥KUMB: १-११०-१४॥
But I have no power over Shantanu’s son, who wields mighty weapons, for the strength of Kshatriyas follows dharma. (KUMB: 1-110-14)
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सा साधु व्रज कल्याणि न मां भीष्मो दहेद्बलात् । न प्रत्यगृह्णंस्ते सर्वे किमित्येव न वेद्म्यहम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-१५॥
So go, fair lady, lest Bhishma destroy me by force. Why none of them accepted you, I simply do not know. (KUMB: 1-110-15)
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न हि भीष्मादहं धर्मं शक्तो दातुं कथंचन । वैशम्पायन उवाच । इत्युक्ता स्रजमासज्य द्वारि राज्ञो व्यपाद्रवत् ॥KUMB: १-११०-१६; KUMB: १-११०-१६क्ष्॥
“For I am in no way able to grant you justice against Bhishma.” Vaishampayana said: Thus addressed, she hung the garland at the king’s gate and ran away. (KUMB: 1-110-16; KUMB: 1-110-16क्ष्)
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व्युदस्तां सर्वलोकेषु तपसा संशितव्रताम् । तामन्वगच्छद्द्रुपदः सान्त्वं जल्पन्पुनः पुनः ॥KUMB: १-११०-१७॥
Drupada followed her, rejected in every realm and firm in her vow through austerity, repeatedly speaking conciliatory words. (KUMB: 1-110-17)
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स्रजं गृहाण कल्याणि न नो वैरं प्रसञ्जय ॥KUMB: १-११०-१८॥
Accept the garland, fair lady, and do not provoke hostility toward us. (KUMB: 1-110-18)
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एवमेव त्वया कार्यमिति स्म प्रतिकाङ्क्षते । न तु तस्यान्यथा भावो दैवमेतदमानुषम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-१९॥
This is exactly what he expects you to do. His intention is not otherwise; this is divine, not human. (KUMB: 1-110-19)
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यश्चैनां स्रजमादाय स्वयं वै प्रतिमोक्षते । स भीष्मं समरे हन्ता मम धर्मप्रणाशनम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-२०॥
Whoever takes this garland and puts it on himself will slay Bhishma in battle, the destroyer of my dharma. (KUMB: 1-110-20)
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तां स्रजं द्रुपदो राजा कंचित्कालं ररक्ष सः । ततो विस्रम्भमास्थाय तूष्णीमेतामुपैक्षत ॥KUMB: १-११०-२१॥
King Drupada kept that garland for some time. Then, growing confident, he silently left it neglected. (KUMB: 1-110-21)
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तां शिखण्डिन्यबध्नात्तु बाला पितुरवज्ञया । तां पिता त्वत्यजच्छीघ्रं त्रस्तो भीष्मस्य किल्बिषात् ॥KUMB: १-११०-२२॥
The girl Śikhaṇḍinī put on the garland in defiance of her father. Fearing that this would offend Bhīṣma, her father promptly cast her out. (KUMB: 1-110-22)
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इषीकं ब्राह्मणं भीता साभ्यगच्छत्तपस्विनम् । गङ्गाद्वारि तपस्यन्तं तुष्टिहेतोस्तपस्विनी ॥KUMB: १-११०-२३॥
Frightened, the ascetic woman approached the Brahmin ascetic Ishika, who was practicing austerities at Gangadvara, in order to win his favor. (KUMB: 1-110-23)
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उपचाराभितुष्टस्तामब्रवीदृषिसत्तमः । गङ्गाद्वारे विभजनं भविता नचिरादिव ॥KUMB: १-११०-२४॥
Highly pleased by her attentions, the eminent sage said to her, “Before long, there will be a separation at Gangadvara.” (KUMB: 1-110-24)
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तत्र गन्धर्वराजानं तुम्बुरुं प्रियदर्शनम् । आराधयितुमीहस्व सम्यक्परिचरस्व तम् ॥KUMB: १-११०-२५॥
There, strive to propitiate Tumburu, the handsome king of the Gandharvas, and serve him well. (KUMB: 1-110-25)
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अहमप्यत्र साचिव्यं कर्तास्मि तव शोभने । तं तदाचर भद्रं ते स ते श्रेयो विधास्यति ॥KUMB: १-११०-२६॥
I too will assist you in this matter, lovely one. Then attend upon him—may all be well with you. He will secure what is best for you. (KUMB: 1-110-26)
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ततो विभजनं तत्र गन्धर्वाणामवर्तत । तत्र द्वाववशिष्येतां गन्धर्वावमितौ जसौ ॥KUMB: १-११०-२७॥
Then a division took place there among the Gandharvas, and two Gandharvas of immeasurable vigor remained. (KUMB: 1-110-27)
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तयोरेकः समीक्ष्यैनां स्त्रीबुभूषुरुवाच ह । इदं गृह्णीष्व पुंलिङ्गं वृणे स्त्रीलिङ्गमेव ते ॥KUMB: १-११०-२८॥
One of the two, seeing her and wishing to become a woman, said, “Take this male sex; I choose your female sex.” (KUMB: 1-110-28)
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नियमं चक्रतुस्तत्र स्त्री पुमांश्चैव तावुभौ । ततः पुमान्समभवच्छिखण्डी परवीरहा ॥KUMB: १-११०-२९॥
There the two of them, the woman and the man, made an agreement. Then Shikhandin, the slayer of enemy warriors, became a man. (KUMB: 1-110-29)
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स्त्री भूत्वा ह्यपचक्राम स गन्धर्वो मुदान्वितः । लब्ध्वा तु महतीं प्रीतिं याज्ञसेनिर्महायशाः ॥KUMB: १-११०-३०॥
Having become a woman, the Gandharva departed in delight, while the illustrious son of Yajñasena, having attained great joy... (KUMB: 1-110-30)
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ततो बुद्बुदकं गत्वा पुनरस्त्राणि सोऽकरोत् । तत्र चास्त्राणि दिव्यानि कृत्वा स सुमहाद्युतिः ॥KUMB: १-११०-३१॥
Then he went to Budbudaka and again practiced with weapons. Having mastered celestial weapons there, that exceedingly radiant man… (KUMB: 1-110-31)
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स्वदेशमभिसंपदे पाञ्चालं कुरुनन्दन । सोऽभिवाद्य पितुः पादौ महेष्वासः कृताञ्जलिः ॥KUMB: १-११०-३२॥
He reached his own land of Panchala, O descendant of Kuru. That great archer, having bowed at his father’s feet, then stood with palms joined… (KUMB: 1-110-32)
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उवाच भवता भीष्मान्न भेतव्यं कथंचन । ॥KUMB: १-११०-३३॥
He said, “You must not be afraid of Bhishma in any way.” (KUMB: 1-110-33)
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अम्बायां निर्गतायां तु भीष्मः शान्तनवस्तदा । न्यायेन कारयामास राज्ञो वैवाहिकीं क्रियाम् ॥KUMB: १-१११-१॥
When Amba had departed, Bhishma, son of Shantanu, had the king’s wedding ceremony performed in due form. (KUMB: 1-111-1)
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अम्बिकाम्बालिके चैव परिणीयाग्निसंनिधौ । तयोः पाणी गृहीत्वा तु कौरव्यो रूपदर्पितः । विचित्रवीर्यो धर्मात्मा कामात्मा समपद्यत ॥KUMB: १-१११-२॥
After marrying Ambika and Ambalika in the presence of the fire and taking their hands, the righteous Kaurava Vichitravirya, proud of his beauty, became devoted to sensual pleasure. (KUMB: 1-111-2)
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अन्योन्यं प्रति सक्ते च एकभावे इव स्थिते । स चाश्विरूपसदृशो देवतुल्यपराक्रमः । सर्वासामेव नारीणां चित्तप्रमथनो रहः ॥KUMB: १-१११-५॥
The two women were devoted to one another and lived as though of one mind. And he, as handsome as the Ashvins and as valiant as a god, secretly captivated the hearts of all women. (KUMB: 1-111-5)
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धर्मात्मा स तु गाङ्गेयः चिन्ताशोकपरायणः । प्रेतकार्याणि सर्वाणि तस्य सम्यगकारयत् ॥KUMB: १-१११-८; NILA: ०१.१०२.०७२॥
But the righteous son of Gaṅgā, overwhelmed by grief and anxiety, had all his funeral rites duly performed. (KUMB: 1-111-8; NILA: 01.102.072)
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