Chapter 18: Pāṇḍu seeks heirs; Kuntī bears Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma and Arjuna, while Mādrī bears Nakula and Sahadeva by invoking deities.
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
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tatrāpi tapasi śrēṣṭhē vartamānaḥ sa vīryavān । siddhacāraṇasaṅghānāṁ babhūva priyadarśanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-1॥
There too, while engaged in the highest austerity, that mighty man became a welcome sight to the hosts of Siddhas and Charanas. (BORI: 1-111-1)
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śuśrūṣuranahaṁvādī saṁyatātmā jitēndriyaḥ । svargaṁ gantuṁ parākrāntaḥ svēna vīryēṇa bhārata ॥BORI: 1-111-2॥
Eager to serve, free from arrogance, self-controlled, and master of his senses, he strove to reach heaven by his own prowess, O descendant of Bharata. (BORI: 1-111-2)
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kēṣāñcidabhavadbhrātā kēṣāñcidabhavatsakhā । r̥ṣayastvaparē cainaṁ putravatparyapālayan ॥BORI: 1-111-3॥
To some he became a brother, to others a friend, while still other sages cared for him as a son. (BORI: 1-111-3)
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sa tu kālēna mahatā prāpya niṣkalmaṣaṁ tapaḥ । brahmarṣisadr̥śaḥ pāṇḍurbabhūva bharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-111-4॥
In the course of a long time, Pandu attained stainless ascetic perfection and became like a Brahmarshi, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-111-4)
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svargapāraṁ titīrṣansa śataśr̥ṅgādudaṅmukhaḥ । pratasthē saha patnībhyāmabruvaṁstatra tāpasāḥ । uparyupari gacchantaḥ śailarājamudaṅmukhāḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-5॥
Wishing to reach the farther shore of heaven, he set out northward from Shatashringa with his two wives. There the ascetics said, “As we traveled ever higher over the king of mountains, heading north…” (BORI: 1-111-5)
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dr̥ṣṭavantō girērasya durgāndēśānbahūnvayam । ākrīḍabhūtāndēvānāṁ gandharvāpsarasāṁ tathā ॥BORI: 1-111-6॥
We have seen many inaccessible regions of this mountain, which serve as playgrounds for the gods, Gandharvas, and Apsarases... (BORI: 1-111-6)
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udyānāni kubērasya samāni viṣamāṇi ca । mahānadīnitambāṁśca durgāṁśca girigahvarān ॥BORI: 1-111-7॥
Kubera’s gardens, both level and rugged, the banks of great rivers, and inaccessible mountain caverns. (BORI: 1-111-7)
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santi nityahimā dēśā nirvr̥kṣamr̥gapakṣiṇaḥ । santi kēcinmahāvarṣā durgāḥ kēciddurāsadāḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-8॥
There are regions perpetually covered in snow, devoid of trees, animals, and birds. Some receive heavy rainfall; some are impassable, and others difficult to approach. (BORI: 1-111-8)
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atikrāmēnna pakṣī yānkuta ēvētarē mr̥gāḥ । vāyurēkō’tigādyatra siddhāśca paramarṣayaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-9॥
No bird could cross them, much less any other animal; only the wind, the Siddhas, and the great seers can pass through them. (BORI: 1-111-9)
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gacchantyau śailarājē’sminrājaputryau kathaṁ tvimē । na sīdētāmaduḥkhārhē mā gamō bharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-111-10॥
But how could these two princesses, who do not deserve hardship, travel on this king of mountains without becoming exhausted? Do not go, bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-111-10)
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pāṇḍuruvāca॥
Pāṇḍu said:
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aprajasya mahābhāgā na dvāraṁ paricakṣatē । svargē tēnābhitaptō’hamaprajastadbravīmi vaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-11॥
O blessed ones, they say that there is no gateway to heaven for a childless man. Being childless, I am tormented by this, and so I tell you of it. (BORI: 1-111-11)
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r̥ṇaiścaturbhiḥ saṁyuktā jāyantē manujā bhuvi । pitr̥dēvarṣimanujadēyaiḥ śatasahasraśaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-12॥
Humans are born on earth in their hundreds and thousands, bound by four debts owed to the ancestors, the gods, the seers, and their fellow human beings. (BORI: 1-111-12)
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ētāni tu yathākālaṁ yō na budhyati mānavaḥ । na tasya lōkāḥ santīti dharmavidbhiḥ pratiṣṭhitam ॥BORI: 1-111-13॥
The experts in dharma have established that a person who fails to recognize these obligations at the proper times has no worlds awaiting him. (BORI: 1-111-13)
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yajñaiśca dēvānprīṇāti svādhyāyatapasā munīn । putraiḥ śrāddhaiḥ pitr̥ṁścāpi ānr̥śaṁsyēna mānavān ॥BORI: 1-111-14॥
Through sacrifices he pleases the gods; through sacred study and austerity, the sages; through sons and ancestral rites, the ancestors; and through compassion, human beings. (BORI: 1-111-14)
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r̥ṣidēvamanuṣyāṇāṁ parimuktō’smi dharmataḥ । pitryādr̥ṇādanirmuktastēna tapyē tapōdhanāḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-15॥
I have been duly freed from my debts to sages, gods, and human beings, but I am not free from my debt to the ancestors. That is why I grieve, O ascetics rich in austerity. (BORI: 1-111-15)
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dēhanāśē dhruvō nāśaḥ pitr̥ṇāmēṣa niścayaḥ । iha tasmātprajāhētōḥ prajāyantē narōttamāḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-16॥
When the body perishes, the ancestors’ destruction is certain—this is settled. Therefore, the best of men have children in this world for the sake of progeny. (BORI: 1-111-16)
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yathaivāhaṁ pituḥ kṣētrē sr̥ṣṭastēna mahātmanā । tathaivāsminmama kṣētrē kathaṁ vai sambhavētprajā ॥BORI: 1-111-17॥
Just as I was begotten by that great-souled man in my father’s field, how might offspring likewise arise in this field of mine? (BORI: 1-111-17)
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tāpasā ūcuḥ॥
The ascetics said:
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asti vai tava dharmātmanvidma dēvōpamaṁ śubham । apatyamanaghaṁ rājanvayaṁ divyēna cakṣuṣā ॥BORI: 1-111-18॥
O righteous king, we know through divine sight that you will indeed have a blessed, godlike, and blameless child. (BORI: 1-111-18)
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daivadiṣṭaṁ naravyāghra karmaṇēhōpapādaya । akliṣṭaṁ phalamavyagrō vindatē buddhimānnaraḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-19॥
Bring about through action what fate has ordained here, O tiger among men. An intelligent man, remaining calm, obtains the fruit without hardship. (BORI: 1-111-19)
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tasmindr̥ṣṭē phalē tāta prayatnaṁ kartumarhasi । apatyaṁ guṇasampannaṁ labdhvā prītimavāpsyasi ॥BORI: 1-111-20॥
With that result in view, dear one, you should make the effort. Having obtained a virtuous child, you will find joy. (BORI: 1-111-20)
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vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
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tacchrutvā tāpasavacaḥ pāṇḍuścintāparō’bhavat । ātmanō mr̥gaśāpēna jānannupahatāṁ kriyām ॥BORI: 1-111-21॥
Hearing those words of the ascetics, Pandu became deeply troubled, knowing that the deer's curse had thwarted his ability to beget children. (BORI: 1-111-21)
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sō’bravīdvijanē kuntīṁ dharmapatnīṁ yaśasvinīm । apatyōtpādanē yōgamāpadi prasamarthayan ॥BORI: 1-111-22॥
In private, he spoke to Kunti, his illustrious lawful wife, justifying a means of obtaining offspring in a time of distress: (BORI: 1-111-22)
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apatyaṁ nāma lōkēṣu pratiṣṭhā dharmasaṁhitā । iti kunti vidurdhīrāḥ śāśvataṁ dharmamāditaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-23॥
“Offspring is one’s foundation in the worlds, ordained by dharma.” The wise, Kunti, know this as the eternal law from the beginning. (BORI: 1-111-23)
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iṣṭaṁ dattaṁ tapastaptaṁ niyamaśca svanuṣṭhitaḥ । sarvamēvānapatyasya na pāvanamihōcyatē ॥BORI: 1-111-24॥
For one who has no offspring, sacrifices performed, gifts given, austerities practiced, and vows properly observed—all this is said to have no purifying power in this world. (BORI: 1-111-24)
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sō’hamēvaṁ viditvaitatprapaśyāmi śucismitē । anapatyaḥ śubhām̐llōkānnāvāpsyāmīti cintayan ॥BORI: 1-111-25॥
Knowing this, O you of pure smile, I foresee, as I reflect, that without offspring I shall not attain the blessed worlds. (BORI: 1-111-25)
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mr̥gābhiśāpānnaṣṭaṁ mē prajanaṁ hyakr̥tātmanaḥ । nr̥śaṁsakāriṇō bhīru yathaivōpahataṁ tathā ॥BORI: 1-111-26॥
Because of the deer's curse, my power of procreation has indeed been lost, O timid one, for I lacked self-control and acted cruelly; it has been struck down just as described. (BORI: 1-111-26)
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imē vai bandhudāyādāḥ ṣaṭputrā dharmadarśanē । ṣaḍēvābandhudāyādāḥ putrāstāñśr̥ṇu mē pr̥thē ॥BORI: 1-111-27॥
According to dharma, there are six kinds of sons who are both kinsmen and heirs, and six who are heirs but not kinsmen. Hear about them from me, Pritha. (BORI: 1-111-27)
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svayañjātaḥ praṇītaśca parikrītaśca yaḥ sutaḥ । paunarbhavaśca kānīnaḥ svairiṇyāṁ yaśca jāyatē ॥BORI: 1-111-28॥
The son begotten by oneself, one begotten by an appointed man, one begotten by a man hired for the purpose, the son of a remarried woman, the son of an unmarried girl, and one born to a promiscuous woman. (BORI: 1-111-28)
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dattaḥ krītaḥ kr̥trimaśca upagacchētsvayaṁ ca yaḥ । sahōḍhō jātarētāśca hīnayōnidhr̥taśca yaḥ ॥BORI: 1-111-29॥
one given as a son, one purchased, one made a son, one who comes of his own accord, one born to a bride who was already pregnant, one who has reached sexual maturity, and one borne by a woman of lower caste... (BORI: 1-111-29)
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pūrvapūrvatamābhāvē matvā lipsēta vai sutam । uttamādavarāḥ puṁsaḥ kāṅkṣantē putramāpadi ॥BORI: 1-111-30॥
In the absence of each preceding kind, one should consider the matter and seek to obtain a son; men inferior to the best seek a son in times of adversity. (BORI: 1-111-30)
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apatyaṁ dharmaphaladaṁ śrēṣṭhaṁ vindanti sādhavaḥ । ātmaśukrādapi pr̥thē manuḥ svāyambhuvō’bravīt ॥BORI: 1-111-31॥
The virtuous obtain offspring that yields the fruit of righteousness and is superior even to offspring from their own seed. So Manu Svayambhuva said, O Pritha. (BORI: 1-111-31)
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tasmātprahēṣyāmyadya tvāṁ hīnaḥ prajananātsvayam । sadr̥śācchrēyasō vā tvaṁ viddhyapatyaṁ yaśasvini ॥BORI: 1-111-32॥
Therefore, being unable to procreate myself, I shall now send you to a man equal or superior to me. Obtain a child from him, illustrious woman. (BORI: 1-111-32)
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śr̥ṇu kunti kathāṁ cēmāṁ śāradaṇḍāyanīṁ prati । yā vīrapatnī gurubhirniyuktāpatyajanmani ॥BORI: 1-111-33॥
Listen also, Kunti, to this story about Sharadandayani, a hero’s wife who was instructed by her elders to bear a child. (BORI: 1-111-33)
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puṣpēṇa prayatā snātā niśi kunti catuṣpathē । varayitvā dvijaṁ siddhaṁ hutvā puṁsavanē’nalam ॥BORI: 1-111-34॥
When her fertile season came, she bathed and purified herself; then at night, O Kunti, at a crossroads, she chose an accomplished Brahmin and made offerings to the fire in the rite for begetting a son… (BORI: 1-111-34)
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karmaṇyavasitē tasminsā tēnaiva sahāvasat । tatra trīñjanayāmāsa durjayādīnmahārathān ॥BORI: 1-111-35॥
When that rite was completed, she lived with that very man and there bore three mighty chariot-warriors, beginning with Durjaya. (BORI: 1-111-35)
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tathā tvamapi kalyāṇi brāhmaṇāttapasādhikāt । manniyōgādyata kṣipramapatyōtpādanaṁ prati ॥BORI: 1-111-36॥
Likewise, fair one, at my command, quickly endeavor to have offspring by a Brahmin eminent in austerity. (BORI: 1-111-36)
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amāvāsyāṁ tu sahitā r̥ṣayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ । brahmāṇaṁ draṣṭukāmāstē saṁpratasthurmaharṣayaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-125-5; NILA: 01.120.005॥
On the new-moon day, the great seers, strict in their vows, assembled and set out, desiring to see Brahmā. (KUMB: 1-125-5; NILA: 01.120.005)
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saṁprayātānr̥ṣīndr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍurvacanamabravīt । bhavantaḥ kva gamiṣyanti brūta mē vadatāṁ varāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-125-6; NILA: 01.120.006॥
Seeing the seers setting out, Pandu said, “Where are you going, venerable sirs? Tell me, foremost of speakers.” (KUMB: 1-125-6; NILA: 01.120.006)
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samāvāyō mahānadya brahmalōkē mahātmanām । dēvānāṁ ca r̥ṣīṇāṁ ca pitr̥̄ṇāṁ ca mahātmanām । vayaṁ tatra gamiṣyāmō draṣṭukāmāḥ svayaṁbhuvam ॥KUMB: 1-125-7; NILA: 01.120.007॥
Today there is a great gathering in Brahma’s realm of the great-souled gods, sages, and ancestors. We shall go there, wishing to see the Self-born. (KUMB: 1-125-7; NILA: 01.120.007)
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pāṇḍurutthāya sahasā gantukāmō maharṣibhiḥ ॥KUMB: 1-125-8; NILA: 01.120.008॥
Pandu suddenly rose, wishing to go with the great seers… (KUMB: 1-125-8; NILA: 01.120.008)
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vimānaśatasaṁbādhāṁ gītasvaranināditām ॥KUMB: 1-125-10; NILA: 01.120.010॥
crowded with hundreds of celestial chariots and resounding with singing… (KUMB: 1-125-10; NILA: 01.120.010)
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sō’hamugrēṇa tapasā sabhāryastyaktajīvitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-125-16॥
And so I, together with my wife, having given up my life through severe austerity... (KUMB: 1-125-16)
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anapatyō’pi vindēyaṁ svargamugrēṇa karmaṇā ॥KUMB: 1-125-17॥
Though childless, I would attain heaven through severe austerity. (KUMB: 1-125-17)
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itarēṣāṁ trayāṇāṁ tu nāśē hyātmā vinaśyati ॥KUMB: 1-126-20; NILA: 01.120.021॥
But when the other three are lost, the self itself perishes. (KUMB: 1-126-20; NILA: 01.120.021)
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ācaṣṭa putralābhasya vyuṣṭiṁ sarvakriyādhikām ॥KUMB: 1-126-23॥
He declared that obtaining a son was a blessing greater than all rites. (KUMB: 1-126-23)
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anunīya tu tē samyaṅmahābrāhmaṇasaṁsadi । brāhmaṇaṁ guṇavantaṁ hi cintayāmāsa dharmavit ॥KUMB: 1-126-24॥
After making due entreaties in an assembly of eminent Brahmins, the knower of dharma considered a virtuous Brahmin for you. (KUMB: 1-126-24)
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anapatyō hi maraṇaṁ kāmayē naiva jīvitam ॥KUMB: 1-126-29॥
For, being childless, I desire death, not life. (KUMB: 1-126-29)
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yā hi tē bhaginī sādhvī śrutasēnā yaśasvinī । avāha tāṁ tu kaikēyaḥ śāradāṇḍāyanirmahān ॥KUMB: 1-126-37॥
The great Kaikeya Sharadandayani married your virtuous and renowned sister Shrutasena. (KUMB: 1-126-37)
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vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
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ēvamuktā mahārāja kuntī pāṇḍumabhāṣata । kurūṇāmr̥ṣabhaṁ vīraṁ tadā bhūmipatiṁ patim ॥BORI: 1-112-1॥
Thus addressed, O great king, Kunti then spoke to Pandu—her husband, the heroic lord of the earth and bull of the Kurus: (BORI: 1-112-1)
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na māmarhasi dharmajña vaktumēvaṁ kathañcana । dharmapatnīmabhiratāṁ tvayi rājīvalōcana ॥BORI: 1-112-2॥
O knower of dharma, you should never speak thus to me, your lawful wife, devoted to you, lotus-eyed king. (BORI: 1-112-2)
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tvamēva tu mahābāhō mayyapatyāni bhārata । vīra vīryōpapannāni dharmatō janayiṣyasi ॥BORI: 1-112-3॥
But you yourself, mighty-armed Bharata, shall lawfully beget upon me children endowed with heroic strength, O hero. (BORI: 1-112-3)
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svargaṁ manujaśārdūla gacchēyaṁ sahitā tvayā । apatyāya ca māṁ gaccha tvamēva kurunandana ॥BORI: 1-112-4॥
May I go to heaven together with you, O tiger among men; and you alone must approach me to beget offspring, O delight of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-112-4)
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na hyahaṁ manasāpyanyaṁ gacchēyaṁ tvadr̥tē naram । tvattaḥ prativiśiṣṭaśca kō’nyō’sti bhuvi mānavaḥ ॥BORI: 1-112-5॥
For even in my thoughts I would not go to any man but you. What other man on earth is more distinguished than you? (BORI: 1-112-5)
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imāṁ ca tāvaddharmyāṁ tvaṁ paurāṇīṁ śr̥ṇu mē kathām । pariśrutāṁ viśālākṣa kīrtayiṣyāmi yāmaham ॥BORI: 1-112-6॥
Now, broad-eyed one, hear from me this ancient and righteous tale, handed down through tradition, which I shall recount. (BORI: 1-112-6)
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vyuṣitāśva iti khyātō babhūva kila pārthivaḥ । purā paramadharmiṣṭhaḥ pūrōrvaṁśavivardhanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-112-7॥
Long ago, there was a king renowned as Vyuṣitāśva, supremely righteous and an extender of Pūru’s lineage. (BORI: 1-112-7)
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tasmiṁśca yajamānē vai dharmātmani mahātmani । upāgamaṁstatō dēvāḥ sēndrāḥ saha maharṣibhiḥ ॥BORI: 1-112-8॥
While that righteous and noble king was performing a sacrifice, the gods, including Indra, came there together with the great seers. (BORI: 1-112-8)
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amādyadindraḥ sōmēna dakṣiṇābhirdvijātayaḥ । vyuṣitāśvasya rājarṣēstatō yajñē mahātmanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-112-9॥
Then, at the sacrifice of the great-hearted royal sage Vyuṣitāśva, Indra was exhilarated by soma, and the twice-born by sacrificial gifts. (BORI: 1-112-9)
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vyuṣitāśvastatō rājannati martyānvyarōcata । sarvabhūtānyati yathā tapanaḥ śiśirātyayē ॥BORI: 1-112-10॥
Then, O king, Vyushitashva outshone all mortals, as the sun outshines all beings at the end of the cold season. (BORI: 1-112-10)
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sa vijitya gr̥hītvā ca nr̥patīnrājasattamaḥ । prācyānudīcyānmadhyāṁśca dakṣiṇātyānakālayat ॥BORI: 1-112-11॥
After conquering and capturing the kings, that best of rulers subdued those of the east, the north, the central regions, and the south. (BORI: 1-112-11)
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aśvamēdhē mahāyajñē vyuṣitāśvaḥ pratāpavān । babhūva sa hi rājēndrō daśanāgabalānvitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-112-12॥
at the great horse sacrifice. For the valiant Vyuṣitāśva, that lord of kings, was endowed with the strength of ten elephants. (BORI: 1-112-12)
[PV-OTH:01_018_65]
apyatra gāthāṁ gāyanti yē purāṇavidō janāḥ । vyuṣitāśvaḥ samudrāntāṁ vijityēmāṁ vasundharām । apālayatsarvavarṇānpitā putrānivaurasān ॥BORI: 1-112-13॥
Those who know the ancient lore sing this verse about him: “Having conquered this earth as far as the ocean, Vyushitashva protected all classes of people as a father protects his own sons.” (BORI: 1-112-13)
[PV-OTH:01_018_66]
yajamānō mahāyajñairbrāhmaṇēbhyō dadau dhanam । anantaratnānyādāya ājahāra mahākratūn । suṣāva ca bahūnsōmānsōmasaṁsthāstatāna ca ॥BORI: 1-112-14॥
Performing great sacrifices, he gave wealth to the Brahmins. Having amassed boundless treasures, he celebrated magnificent rites; he pressed Soma in abundance and conducted the full courses of Soma sacrifices. (BORI: 1-112-14)
[PV-OTH:01_018_67]
āsītkākṣīvatī cāsya bhāryā paramasaṁmatā । bhadrā nāma manuṣyēndra rūpēṇāsadr̥śī bhuvi ॥BORI: 1-112-15॥
His deeply beloved wife was a Kākṣīvatī named Bhadrā, O king, unrivalled in beauty on earth. (BORI: 1-112-15)
[PV-OTH:01_018_68]
kāmayāmāsatustau tu parasparamiti śrutiḥ । sa tasyāṁ kāmasaṁmattō yakṣmāṇaṁ samapadyata ॥BORI: 1-112-16॥
The two desired each other, so tradition says. Maddened with desire for her, he contracted consumption. (BORI: 1-112-16)
[PV-OTH:01_018_69]
tēnācirēṇa kālēna jagāmāstamivāṁśumān । tasminprētē manuṣyēndrē bhāryāsya bhr̥śaduḥkhitā ॥BORI: 1-112-17॥
Because of this, before long he set like the sun. When that lord of men had died, his wife, deeply distressed… (BORI: 1-112-17)
[PV-OTH:01_018_70]
aputrā puruṣavyāghra vilalāpēti naḥ śrutam । bhadrā paramaduḥkhārtā tannibōdha narādhipa ॥BORI: 1-112-18॥
Childless and tormented by profound grief, Bhadrā lamented as follows, O tiger among men—or so we have heard. Listen to her lament, O lord of men. (BORI: 1-112-18)
[PV-OTH:01_018_71]
nārī paramadharmajña sarvā putravinākr̥tā । patiṁ vinā jīvati yā na sā jīvati duḥkhitā ॥BORI: 1-112-19॥
O knower of the highest dharma, any woman who, bereft of sons, lives without her husband does not truly live; she is miserable. (BORI: 1-112-19)
[PV-OTH:01_018_72]
patiṁ vinā mr̥taṁ śrēyō nāryāḥ kṣatriyapuṅgava । tvadgatiṁ gantumicchāmi prasīdasva nayasva mām ॥BORI: 1-112-20॥
Without her husband, death is better for a woman, O foremost of Kshatriyas. I wish to follow your path; have mercy and take me with you. (BORI: 1-112-20)
[PV-OTH:01_018_73]
tvayā hīnā kṣaṇamapi nāhaṁ jīvitumutsahē । prasādaṁ kuru mē rājannitastūrṇaṁ nayasva mām ॥BORI: 1-112-21॥
Without you, I cannot bear to live even for a moment. Show me mercy, O king, and take me away from here at once. (BORI: 1-112-21)
[PV-OTH:01_018_74]
pr̥ṣṭhatō’nugamiṣyāmi samēṣu viṣamēṣu ca । tvāmahaṁ naraśārdūla gacchantamanivartinam ॥BORI: 1-112-22॥
I shall follow behind you over even and uneven ground, O tiger among men, as you go onward without turning back. (BORI: 1-112-22)
[PV-OTH:01_018_75]
chāyēvānapagā rājansatataṁ vaśavartinī । bhaviṣyāmi naravyāghra nityaṁ priyahitē ratā ॥BORI: 1-112-23॥
Like a shadow that never leaves you, O king, I shall always obey you, O tiger among men, and remain forever devoted to your pleasure and welfare. (BORI: 1-112-23)
[PV-OTH:01_018_76]
adya prabhr̥ti māṁ rājankaṣṭā hr̥dayaśōṣaṇāḥ । ādhayō’bhibhaviṣyanti tvadr̥tē puṣkarēkṣaṇa ॥BORI: 1-112-24॥
From this day forward, O king, grievous anxieties that dry up the heart will overwhelm me in your absence, O lotus-eyed one. (BORI: 1-112-24)
[PV-OTH:01_018_77]
abhāgyayā mayā nūnaṁ viyuktāḥ sahacāriṇaḥ । saṁyōgā viprayuktā vā pūrvadēhēṣu pārthiva ॥BORI: 1-112-25॥
Surely, O king, in former lives I, ill-fated woman, must have separated companions or broken apart unions. (BORI: 1-112-25)
[PV-OTH:01_018_78]
tadidaṁ karmabhiḥ pāpaiḥ pūrvadēhēṣu sañcitam । duḥkhaṁ māmanusamprāptaṁ rājaṁstvadviprayōgajam ॥BORI: 1-112-26॥
This suffering, born of separation from you, has now overtaken me, O king, as the result of sinful deeds accumulated in former lives. (BORI: 1-112-26)
[PV-OTH:01_018_79]
adya prabhr̥tyahaṁ rājankuśaprastaraśāyinī । bhaviṣyāmyasukhāviṣṭā tvaddarśanaparāyaṇā ॥BORI: 1-112-27॥
From this day forward, O king, I shall lie on a bed of kusa grass, overwhelmed by sorrow and longing only to see you. (BORI: 1-112-27)
[PV-OTH:01_018_80]
darśayasva naravyāghra sādhu māmasukhānvitām । dīnāmanāthāṁ kr̥paṇāṁ vilapantīṁ narēśvara ॥BORI: 1-112-28॥
Tiger among men, please show yourself to me as I grieve—wretched, helpless, pitiable, and lamenting, lord of men. (BORI: 1-112-28)
[PV-OTH:01_018_81]
ēvaṁ bahuvidhaṁ tasyāṁ vilapantyāṁ punaḥ punaḥ । taṁ śavaṁ sampariṣvajya vākkilāntarhitābravīt ॥BORI: 1-112-29॥
As she embraced the corpse and lamented thus again and again in many ways, an unseen voice is said to have spoken: (BORI: 1-112-29)
[PV-OTH:01_018_82]
uttiṣṭha bhadrē gaccha tvaṁ dadānīha varaṁ tava । janayiṣyāmyapatyāni tvayyahaṁ cāruhāsini ॥BORI: 1-112-30॥
Arise, good lady, and go. I shall grant you a boon here: I will beget children upon you, lovely-smiling one. (BORI: 1-112-30)
[PV-OTH:01_018_83]
ātmīyē ca varārōhē śayanīyē caturdaśīm । aṣṭamīṁ vā r̥tusnātā saṁviśēthā mayā saha ॥BORI: 1-112-31॥
Lovely-hipped one, after bathing at the end of your menstrual period, lie down with me on your own bed on the fourteenth or the eighth day. (BORI: 1-112-31)
[PV-OTH:01_018_84]
ēvamuktā tu sā dēvī tathā cakrē pativratā । yathōktamēva tadvākyaṁ bhadrā putrārthinī tadā ॥BORI: 1-112-32॥
Thus addressed, the faithful goddess Bhadrā, desiring sons, did exactly as she had been told. (BORI: 1-112-32)
[PV-OTH:01_018_85]
sā tēna suṣuvē dēvī śavēna manujādhipa । trīñśālvāṁścaturō madrānsutānbharatasattama ॥BORI: 1-112-33॥
By that corpse, the lady bore three Śālva sons and four Madra sons, O ruler of men, best of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-112-33)
[PV-OTH:01_018_86]
tathā tvamapi mayyēva manasā bharatarṣabha । śaktō janayituṁ putrāṁstapōyōgabalānvayāt ॥BORI: 1-112-34॥
Likewise, O bull of the Bharatas, you too can beget sons upon me by an act of will, through the power of ascetic yoga. (BORI: 1-112-34)
[PV-OTH:01_018_87]
dēvā brahmarṣayaścaiva cakruḥ karma svayaṁ tadā ॥KUMB: 1-127-10; NILA: 01.121.010॥
The gods and Brahmarshis themselves performed this act at that time, when… (KUMB: 1-127-10; NILA: 01.121.010)
[PV-SVO:01_018_88]
vyuṣitāśvē yaśōvr̥ddhē manuṣyēndrē kurūttama ॥KUMB: 1-127-14; NILA: 01.121.014॥
in the case of Vyushitashva, the renowned king of men, O best of the Kurus. (KUMB: 1-127-14; NILA: 01.121.014)
[PV-SVO:01_018_89]
tēna mē viprayōgō’yamupapannastvayā saha ॥KUMB: 1-127-27; NILA: 01.121.027॥
Thus this separation from you has befallen me. (KUMB: 1-127-27; NILA: 01.121.027)
[PV-SVO:01_018_90]
viprayuktā tu yā patyā muhūrtamapi jīvati । duḥkhaṁ jīvati sā pāpā narakasthēva pārthiva ॥KUMB: 1-127-28; NILA: 01.121.028॥
But a woman who lives even for a moment separated from her husband lives in misery, sinful as she is, like one dwelling in hell, O king. (KUMB: 1-127-28; NILA: 01.121.028)
[PV-SVO:01_018_91]
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_92]
ēvamuktastayā rājā tāṁ dēvīṁ punarabravīt । dharmaviddharmasaṁyuktamidaṁ vacanamuttamam ॥BORI: 1-113-1॥
Thus addressed by her, the king, who knew dharma, again spoke to the queen these excellent words, in keeping with dharma: (BORI: 1-113-1)
[PV-KDV:01_018_93]
ēvamētatpurā kunti vyuṣitāśvaścakāra ha । yathā tvayōktaṁ kalyāṇi sa hyāsīdamarōpamaḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-2॥
So it was, Kunti: in ancient times Vyushitashva did just as you have said, fair lady, for he was like an immortal. (BORI: 1-113-2)
[PV-OTH:01_018_94]
atha tvimaṁ pravakṣyāmi dharmaṁ tvētaṁ nibōdha mē । purāṇamr̥ṣibhirdr̥ṣṭaṁ dharmavidbhirmahātmabhiḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-3॥
But now I shall explain this rule of dharma; learn it from me. It is ancient, discerned by great seers who knew dharma. (BORI: 1-113-3)
[PV-OTH:01_018_95]
anāvr̥tāḥ kila purā striya āsanvarānanē । kāmacāravihāriṇyaḥ svatantrāścārulōcanē ॥BORI: 1-113-4॥
In ancient times, fair-faced one, women were said to be unrestricted, free to go where they pleased and independent, lovely-eyed one. (BORI: 1-113-4)
[PV-OTH:01_018_96]
tāsāṁ vyuccaramāṇānāṁ kaumārātsubhagē patīn । nādharmō’bhūdvarārōhē sa hi dharmaḥ purābhavat ॥BORI: 1-113-5॥
For women to be unfaithful to their husbands from their youth onward was not unrighteous, fortunate and lovely lady, for in ancient times that was the accepted law. (BORI: 1-113-5)
[PV-OTH:01_018_97]
taṁ caiva dharmaṁ paurāṇaṁ tiryagyōnigatāḥ prajāḥ । adyāpyanuvidhīyantē kāmadvēṣavivarjitāḥ । purāṇadr̥ṣṭō dharmō’yaṁ pūjyatē ca maharṣibhiḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-6॥
Even today, creatures born in animal wombs, free from desire and hatred, follow that ancient law. This law, attested from ancient times, is also honored by the great seers. (BORI: 1-113-6)
[PV-OTH:01_018_98]
uttarēṣu ca rambhōru kuruṣvadyāpi vartatē । strīṇāmanugrahakaraḥ sa hi dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-7॥
And among the northern Kurus, fair-thighed one, that ancient custom, which favors women, still prevails today. (BORI: 1-113-7)
[PV-OTH:01_018_99]
asmiṁstu lōkē nacirānmaryādēyaṁ śucismitē । sthāpitā yēna yasmācca tanmē vistarataḥ śr̥ṇu ॥BORI: 1-113-8॥
In this world, however, O fair-smiling woman, this rule was established only recently. Hear from me in detail by whom and why. (BORI: 1-113-8)
[PV-OTH:01_018_100]
babhūvōddālakō nāma maharṣiriti naḥ śrutam । śvētakēturiti khyātaḥ putrastasyābhavanmuniḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-9॥
We have heard that there was a great seer named Uddālaka. His son was a sage renowned as Śvetaketu. (BORI: 1-113-9)
[PV-OTH:01_018_101]
maryādēyaṁ kr̥tā tēna mānuṣēṣviti naḥ śrutam । kōpātkamalapatrākṣi yadarthaṁ tannibōdha mē ॥BORI: 1-113-10॥
We have heard that he established this rule among human beings in anger. Lotus-petal-eyed one, learn from me the reason why. (BORI: 1-113-10)
[PV-OTH:01_018_102]
śvētakētōḥ kila purā samakṣaṁ mātaraṁ pituḥ । jagrāha brāhmaṇaḥ pāṇau gacchāva iti cābravīt ॥BORI: 1-113-11॥
Once, it is said, in the presence of Śvetaketu’s father, a Brahmin took Śvetaketu’s mother by the hand and said, “Let us go.” (BORI: 1-113-11)
[PV-OTH:01_018_103]
r̥ṣiputrastataḥ kōpaṁ cakārāmarṣitastadā । mātaraṁ tāṁ tathā dr̥ṣṭvā nīyamānāṁ balādiva ॥BORI: 1-113-12॥
Then the sage’s son, enraged at seeing his mother being taken away as if by force, became angry. (BORI: 1-113-12)
[PV-OTH:01_018_104]
kruddhaṁ taṁ tu pitā dr̥ṣṭvā śvētakētumuvāca ha । mā tāta kōpaṁ kārṣīstvamēṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-13॥
Seeing him enraged, his father said to Śvetaketu, “My son, do not be angry. This is the ancient custom.” (BORI: 1-113-13)
[PV-OTH:01_018_105]
anāvr̥tā hi sarvēṣāṁ varṇānāmaṅganā bhuvi । yathā gāvaḥ sthitāstāta svē svē varṇē tathā prajāḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-14॥
For women of every social class are unrestricted on earth. Just as cows remain within their respective kinds, my son, so do people. (BORI: 1-113-14)
[PV-OTH:01_018_106]
r̥ṣiputrō’tha taṁ dharmaṁ śvētakēturna cakṣamē । cakāra caiva maryādāmimāṁ strīpuṁsayōrbhuvi ॥BORI: 1-113-15॥
Then the sage’s son Śvetaketu could not tolerate that custom, and he established this rule for men and women upon the earth… (BORI: 1-113-15)
[PV-OTH:01_018_107]
mānuṣēṣu mahābhāgē na tvēvānyēṣu jantuṣu । tadā prabhr̥ti maryādā sthitēyamiti naḥ śrutam ॥BORI: 1-113-16॥
Among human beings, O greatly fortunate one, but not among other creatures. We have heard that this rule has remained in force since that time. (BORI: 1-113-16)
[PV-OTH:01_018_108]
vyuccarantyāḥ patiṁ nāryā adya prabhr̥ti pātakam । bhrūṇahatyākr̥taṁ pāpaṁ bhaviṣyatyasukhāvaham ॥BORI: 1-113-17॥
From this day onward, a woman who is unfaithful to her husband will incur the misery-bringing sin of killing an embryo. (BORI: 1-113-17)
[PV-OTH:01_018_109]
bhāryāṁ tathā vyuccarataḥ kaumārīṁ brahmacāriṇīm । pativratāmētadēva bhavitā pātakaṁ bhuvi ॥BORI: 1-113-18॥
Likewise, a man who is unfaithful to his wife, though she is virginal, chaste, and devoted to him, will incur this same sin on earth. (BORI: 1-113-18)
[PV-OTH:01_018_110]
patyā niyuktā yā caiva patnyapatyārthamēva ca । na kariṣyati tasyāśca bhaviṣyatyētadēva hi ॥BORI: 1-113-19॥
A wife who, when directed by her husband solely for the sake of offspring, does not comply will incur this same sin. (BORI: 1-113-19)
[PV-OTH:01_018_111]
iti tēna purā bhīru maryādā sthāpitā balāt । uddālakasya putrēṇa dharmyā vai śvētakētunā ॥BORI: 1-113-20॥
Thus, timid one, this righteous rule was established long ago by force by Śvetaketu, the son of Uddālaka. (BORI: 1-113-20)
[PV-OTH:01_018_112]
saudāsēna ca rambhōru niyuktāpatyajanmani । madayantī jagāmarṣiṁ vasiṣṭhamiti naḥ śrutam ॥BORI: 1-113-21॥
And, lovely-thighed one, Madayanti, charged by Saudasa with bearing a child, went to the sage Vasiṣṭha, as we have heard. (BORI: 1-113-21)
[PV-OTH:01_018_113]
tasmāllēbhē ca sā putramaśmakaṁ nāma bhāminī । bhāryā kalmāṣapādasya bhartuḥ priyacikīrṣayā ॥BORI: 1-113-22॥
And from him that beautiful woman, the wife of Kalmashapada, bore a son named Ashmaka, seeking to please her husband. (BORI: 1-113-22)
[PV-OTH:01_018_114]
asmākamapi tē janma viditaṁ kamalēkṣaṇē । kr̥ṣṇadvaipāyanādbhīru kurūṇāṁ vaṁśavr̥ddhayē ॥BORI: 1-113-23॥
You also know, lotus-eyed one, that we were born from Krishna Dvaipayana, gentle lady, to continue the Kuru line. (BORI: 1-113-23)
[PV-OTH:01_018_115]
ata ētāni sarvāṇi kāraṇāni samīkṣya vai । mamaitadvacanaṁ dharmyaṁ kartumarhasyaninditē ॥BORI: 1-113-24॥
Therefore, having duly considered all these reasons, you ought to act upon these righteous words of mine, blameless lady. (BORI: 1-113-24)
[PV-OTH:01_018_116]
r̥tāvr̥tau rājaputri striyā bhartā yatavratē । nātivartavya ityēvaṁ dharmaṁ dharmavidō viduḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-25॥
At each fertile season, princess of strict vows, a woman must not disobey her husband. Thus do those who know dharma understand the law. (BORI: 1-113-25)
[PV-OTH:01_018_117]
śēṣēṣvanyēṣu kālēṣu svātantryaṁ strī kilārhati । dharmamētaṁ janāḥ santaḥ purāṇaṁ paricakṣatē ॥BORI: 1-113-26॥
At all other times, a woman is said to be entitled to independence. Good people declare this to be an ancient law. (BORI: 1-113-26)
[PV-OTH:01_018_118]
bhartā bhāryāṁ rājaputri dharmyaṁ vādharmyamēva vā । yadbrūyāttattathā kāryamiti dharmavidō viduḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-27॥
Princess, whatever a husband tells his wife to do, whether righteous or unrighteous, must be done just so—this is what those who know dharma hold. (BORI: 1-113-27)
[PV-KDV:01_018_119]
viśēṣataḥ putragr̥ddhī hīnaḥ prajananātsvayam । yathāhamanavadyāṅgi putradarśanalālasaḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-28॥
especially when he longs for a son but is himself incapable of procreation, as I am, O flawless-limbed woman, yearning to see a son. (BORI: 1-113-28)
[PV-KDV:01_018_120]
tathā raktāṅgulitalaḥ padmapatranibhaḥ śubhē । prasādārthaṁ mayā tē’yaṁ śirasyabhyudyatō’ñjaliḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-29॥
Therefore, fair one, I have raised these joined hands—red in finger and palm and resembling lotus leaves—to my head to win your favor. (BORI: 1-113-29)
[PV-OTH:01_018_121]
manniyōgātsukēśāntē dvijātēstapasādhikāt । putrānguṇasamāyuktānutpādayitumarhasi । tvatkr̥tē’haṁ pr̥thuśrōṇi gacchēyaṁ putriṇāṁ gatim ॥BORI: 1-113-30॥
At my behest, O lovely-haired woman, you should bear sons endowed with virtue by a Brahmin eminent in austerity. Through you, O broad-hipped woman, I may attain the destiny of those who have sons. (BORI: 1-113-30)
[PV-KDV:01_018_122]
ēvamuktā tataḥ kuntī pāṇḍuṁ parapurañjayam । pratyuvāca varārōhā bhartuḥ priyahitē ratā ॥BORI: 1-113-31॥
Thus addressed, Kunti, the lovely-hipped woman devoted to her husband’s pleasure and welfare, replied to Pandu, the conqueror of enemy cities: (BORI: 1-113-31)
[PV-KDV:01_018_123]
pitr̥vēśmanyahaṁ bālā niyuktātithipūjanē । ugraṁ paryacaraṁ tatra brāhmaṇaṁ saṁśitavratam ॥BORI: 1-113-32॥
As a young girl in my father’s house, I was assigned to attend to guests. There I served a stern Brahmin of strict vows. (BORI: 1-113-32)
[PV-KDV:01_018_124]
nigūḍhaniścayaṁ dharmē yaṁ taṁ durvāsasaṁ viduḥ । tamahaṁ saṁśitātmānaṁ sarvayatnairatōṣayam ॥BORI: 1-113-33॥
I pleased with every effort that self-controlled man whom people know as Durvasas, whose conviction concerning dharma was profound. (BORI: 1-113-33)
[PV-KDV:01_018_125]
sa mē’bhicārasaṁyuktamācaṣṭa bhagavānvaram । mantragrāmaṁ ca mē prādādabravīccaiva māmidam ॥BORI: 1-113-34॥
That blessed one offered me a boon endowed with magical power, gave me a collection of mantras, and said this to me: (BORI: 1-113-34)
[PV-KDV:01_018_126]
yaṁ yaṁ dēvaṁ tvamētēna mantrēṇāvāhayiṣyasi । akāmō vā sakāmō vā sa tē vaśamupaiṣyati ॥BORI: 1-113-35॥
Whichever god you invoke with this mantra, whether willingly or unwillingly, will come under your control. (BORI: 1-113-35)
[PV-KDV:01_018_127]
ityuktāhaṁ tadā tēna pitr̥vēśmani bhārata । brāhmaṇēna vacastathyaṁ tasya kālō’yamāgataḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-36॥
Thus was I told then by that Brahmin in my father’s house, O Bharata. His word is true, and the time for it has now come. (BORI: 1-113-36)
[PV-KDV:01_018_128]
anujñātā tvayā dēvamāhvayēyamahaṁ nr̥pa । tēna mantrēṇa rājarṣē yathā syānnau prajā vibhō ॥BORI: 1-113-37॥
With your permission, O king, I would invoke a god by that mantra, O royal sage, so that we might have a child, O lord. (BORI: 1-113-37)
[PV-KDV:01_018_129]
āvāhayāmi kaṁ dēvaṁ brūhi tattvavidāṁ vara । tvattō’nujñāpratīkṣāṁ māṁ viddhyasminkarmaṇi sthitām ॥BORI: 1-113-38॥
Tell me which god I should summon, O best of those who know the truth. Know that I stand ready to perform this act, awaiting your permission. (BORI: 1-113-38)
[PV-KDV:01_018_130]
pāṇḍuruvāca॥
Pandu said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_131]
adyaiva tvaṁ varārōhē prayatasva yathāvidhi । dharmamāvāhaya śubhē sa hi dēvēṣu puṇyabhāk ॥BORI: 1-113-39॥
This very day, fair-hipped woman, prepare yourself according to the prescribed rite. Auspicious lady, invoke Dharma, for among the gods he is endowed with righteousness. (BORI: 1-113-39)
[PV-KDV:01_018_132]
adharmēṇa na nō dharmaḥ saṁyujyēta kathañcana । lōkaścāyaṁ varārōhē dharmō’yamiti maṁsyatē ॥BORI: 1-113-40॥
In this way, our righteousness will never be tainted by unrighteousness, and the world, fair-hipped one, will regard this as righteous. (BORI: 1-113-40)
[PV-KDV:01_018_133]
dhārmikaśca kurūṇāṁ sa bhaviṣyati na saṁśayaḥ । dattasyāpi ca dharmēṇa nādharmē raṁsyatē manaḥ ॥BORI: 1-113-41॥
He will be righteous among the Kurus, without doubt; and since he is bestowed by Dharma, his mind will not delight in unrighteousness. (BORI: 1-113-41)
[PV-KDV:01_018_134]
tasmāddharmaṁ puraskr̥tya niyatā tvaṁ śucismitē । upacārābhicārābhyāṁ dharmamārādhayasva vai ॥BORI: 1-113-42॥
Therefore, O fair-smiling one, place righteousness foremost, remain disciplined, and propitiate Dharma with due rites and incantations. (BORI: 1-113-42)
[PV-KDV:01_018_135]
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_136]
sā tathōktā tathētyuktvā tēna bhartrā varāṅganā । abhivādyābhyanujñātā pradakṣiṇamavartata ॥BORI: 1-113-43॥
Thus addressed by her husband, the beautiful woman said, “So be it.” After bowing to him and receiving his permission, she walked clockwise around him. (BORI: 1-113-43)
[PV-KDV:01_018_137]
nāgnistr̥pyati kāṣṭhānāṁ nāpagānāṁ mahōdadhiḥ । nāntakaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ na puṁsāṁ vāmalōcanāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-8॥
Fire is never sated with firewood, the great ocean with rivers, Death with all creatures, or fair-eyed women with men. (KUMB: 1-128-8)
[PV-SVO:01_018_138]
ēvaṁ tr̥ṣṇā tu nārīṇāṁ puruṣaṁ puruṣaṁ prati । agamyāgamanaṁ strīṇāṁ nāsti nityaṁ śucismitē ॥KUMB: 1-128-9॥
Such is women’s desire for each and every man: for them, no man is ever forbidden, O fair-smiling woman. (KUMB: 1-128-9)
[PV-SVO:01_018_139]
putraṁ vā kila pautraṁ vā kāsāṁciddhātaraṁ tathā । rahasīha naraṁ dr̥ṣṭvā yōnirutklidyatē tadā ॥KUMB: 1-128-10॥
For some women, when they see a man here in private—even a son, a grandson, or one who supports them—the vagina then becomes moist. (KUMB: 1-128-10)
[PV-SVO:01_018_140]
ētatsvābhāvikaṁ strīṇāṁ na nimittakr̥taṁ śubhē ॥KUMB: 1-128-11॥
This is natural to women and is not caused by any particular circumstance, fair lady. (KUMB: 1-128-11)
[PV-SVO:01_018_141]
śvētakētōḥ pitā dēvi tapa ugraṁ samāsthitaḥ । grīṣmē pañcatapā bhūtvā varṣāsvākāśagō’bhavat ॥KUMB: 1-128-15॥
Śvetaketu’s father, O goddess, undertook severe austerities. In summer he practiced the austerity of the five fires, and during the rainy season he remained under the open sky. (KUMB: 1-128-15)
[PV-SVO:01_018_142]
śiśairē salilasthāyī saha patnyā mahātapāḥ । uddālakaṁ tapasyantaṁ niyamēna samāhitam ॥KUMB: 1-128-16॥
In winter, the great ascetic remained in the water with his wife. Uddālaka, practicing austerities and steadfast in his observances… (KUMB: 1-128-16)
[PV-SVO:01_018_143]
tasya putraḥ śvētakētuḥ paricaryāṁ cakāra ha । abhyāgacchaddvijaḥ kaścidvalīpalitasaṁtataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-17॥
His son Shvetaketu attended upon him. Then a certain Brahmin, covered with wrinkles and gray hair, arrived. (KUMB: 1-128-17)
[PV-SVO:01_018_144]
taṁ dr̥ṣṭvaiva muniḥ prītaḥ pūjayāmāsa śāstrataḥ । svāgatēna ca pādyēna mr̥duvākyaiśca bhārata ॥KUMB: 1-128-18॥
As soon as he saw him, the sage was delighted and honored him according to prescribed custom, with a welcome, water for washing his feet, and gentle words, O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-128-18)
[PV-SVO:01_018_145]
śākamūlaphalādyaiśca vanyairanyairapūjayat । kṣutpipāsāśramēṁṇārtaḥ pūjitaśca maharṣiṇā ॥KUMB: 1-128-19॥
He also honored him with greens, roots, fruits, and other forest fare. Afflicted by hunger, thirst, and fatigue, and honored by the great seer… (KUMB: 1-128-19)
[PV-SVO:01_018_146]
viśrāntō munimāsādya paryapr̥cchaddvijastadā । uddālaka maharṣē tvaṁ satyaṁ mē brūhi mā’nr̥tam ॥KUMB: 1-128-20॥
Then, after resting, the Brahmin approached the sage and asked him, “O great sage Uddālaka, tell me the truth, not a falsehood.” (KUMB: 1-128-20)
[PV-SVO:01_018_147]
r̥ṣiputraḥ kumārō’yaṁ darśanīyō viśēṣataḥ । tava putramimaṁ manyē kr̥takr̥tyō’si tadvada ॥KUMB: 1-128-21॥
This young sage’s son is exceptionally handsome. I believe he is your son; you have indeed fulfilled your purpose. Tell me about him. (KUMB: 1-128-21)
[PV-SVO:01_018_148]
mama patnī mahāprājña kuśikasya sutā matā । māmēvānugatā patnī mama nityamanuvratā ॥KUMB: 1-128-22॥
My wife, O greatly wise one, is known as Kuśika’s daughter. She follows me alone and is ever devoted to me. (KUMB: 1-128-22)
[PV-SVO:01_018_149]
arundhatīva patnīnāṁ tapasā karśitastanī । asyāṁ jātaḥ śvētakēturmama putrō mahātapāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-23॥
Among wives, she is like Arundhati, her breasts wasted by austerity. She bore Śvetaketu, my son, a great ascetic. (KUMB: 1-128-23)
[PV-SVO:01_018_150]
vēdavēdāṅgavidvipra macchāsanaparāyaṇaḥ । lōkajñaḥ sarvalōkēṣu viśrutaḥ satyavāgghr̥ṇī ॥KUMB: 1-128-24॥
Learned in the Vedas and Vedangas, O Brahmin, devoted to my commands, knowledgeable about the world, renowned in all the worlds, truthful, and compassionate. (KUMB: 1-128-24)
[PV-SVO:01_018_151]
aputrī bhāryayā cārthī vr̥ddhō’haṁ mandacākṣuṣaḥ । pitryādr̥ṇādanirmuktaḥ pūrvamēvākr̥tastriyaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-25॥
I am sonless and in need of a wife; I am old and dim-sighted. I have not been freed from my debt to the ancestors, for I have never before married. (KUMB: 1-128-25)
[PV-SVO:01_018_152]
prajāraṇistu patnī tē kulaśīlasamanvitā । sadr̥śī mama gōtrēṇa vahāmyēnāṁ kṣamasva mē ॥KUMB: 1-128-26॥
Your wife, endowed with noble birth and character, is the fire-stick for procreation. She is my equal in lineage, so I am taking her; forgive me. (KUMB: 1-128-26)
[PV-SVO:01_018_153]
ityuktvā mr̥gaśāvākṣīṁ cīrakr̥ṣṇājināmbarām । yaṣṭyādhāraḥ srastagātrō mandacakṣurabuddhimān ॥KUMB: 1-128-27॥
Having said this, the doe-eyed woman clad in bark cloth and black antelope skin—the witless man, supported by a staff, his limbs feeble and his eyesight dim… (KUMB: 1-128-27)
[PV-SVO:01_018_154]
svavyāpārākṣamāṁ śrēṣṭhamacittāmātmani dvijaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-28॥
her, unable to attend to her own affairs and utterly unaware of herself—the Brahmin... (KUMB: 1-128-28)
[PV-SVO:01_018_155]
tapasā dīptavīryō hi śvētakēturna cakṣamē ॥KUMB: 1-128-30॥
For Shvetaketu, his vigor blazing through austerity, could not bear it. (KUMB: 1-128-30)
[PV-SVO:01_018_156]
saṁgr̥hya mātaraṁ hastē śvētakēturabhāṣata । durbrāhmaṇa vimuñca tvaṁ mātaraṁ mē pativratām ॥KUMB: 1-128-31॥
Taking hold of his mother’s hand, Shvetaketu said, “Wretched Brahmin, let go of my devoted mother!” (KUMB: 1-128-31)
[PV-SVO:01_018_157]
svayaṁ pitā mē brahmarṣiḥ kṣamāvānbrahmavittamaḥ । śāpānugrahayōḥ śaktaḥ tūṣṇīṁbhūtō mahāvrataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-32॥
My father himself is a Brahmarshi, patient and supreme among knowers of Brahman. Though capable of both cursing and granting favor, that man of great vows remains silent. (KUMB: 1-128-32)
[PV-SVO:01_018_158]
tasya patnī damōpētā mama mātā viśēṣataḥ । pativratāṁ tapōvr̥ddhāṁ sādhvācārairalaṅkr̥tām ॥KUMB: 1-128-33॥
His self-controlled wife—especially as she is my mother—devoted to her husband, advanced in austerity, and adorned with virtuous conduct… (KUMB: 1-128-33)
[PV-SVO:01_018_159]
apramādēna tē brahmanmātr̥bhūtāṁ vimuñca vai ॥KUMB: 1-128-34॥
O Brahmin, be sure to release her, for she is like a mother to you. (KUMB: 1-128-34)
[PV-SVO:01_018_160]
ēvamuktvā tu yācantaṁ vimuñcēti muhurmuhuḥ । pratyavōcaddvijō rājannapragalbhamidaṁ vacaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-128-35॥
To the man who, having said this, repeatedly pleaded, “Release her,” the Brahmin replied, O king, with these hesitant words: (KUMB: 1-128-35)
[PV-SVO:01_018_161]
apatyārthī śvētakētō vr̥ddhō’haṁ mandacākṣuṣaḥ । pitā tē r̥ṇanirmuktastvayā putrēṇa kāśyapa ॥KUMB: 1-128-36॥
O Shvetaketu, I long for offspring. I am old and my sight is failing. Your father has been freed from his debt through you, his son, O Kashyapa. (KUMB: 1-128-36)
[PV-SVO:01_018_162]
r̥ṇādahamanirmuktō vr̥ddhō’haṁ vigataspr̥haḥ । mama kō dāsyati sutāṁ kanyāṁ saṁprāptayauvanām ॥KUMB: 1-128-37॥
I am not free of my debt. I am old and have lost all desire. Who will give me his daughter, a maiden who has reached maturity? (KUMB: 1-128-37)
[PV-SVO:01_018_163]
prajāraṇimimāṁ patnīṁ vimuñca tvaṁ mahātapaḥ । ēkayā prajayā prītō mātaraṁ tē dadāmyaham ॥KUMB: 1-128-38॥
Give up this wife, the fire-stick for procreation, O great ascetic. Content with a single child, I give you your mother. (KUMB: 1-128-38)
[PV-SVO:01_018_164]
ēvamuktaḥ śvētakēturlajjayā krōdhamēyivān ॥KUMB: 1-128-39॥
Thus addressed, Shvetaketu became angry out of shame. (KUMB: 1-128-39)
[PV-SVO:01_018_165]
tathaiva ca kuṭumbēṣu na pramādyanti karhicit ॥KUMB: 1-128-41॥
Likewise, they were never negligent in household affairs. (KUMB: 1-128-41)
[PV-SVO:01_018_166]
r̥tukālē tu saṁprāptē bhartāraṁ na jahustadā ॥KUMB: 1-128-42॥
But when their fertile season arrived, they did not then avoid their husband. (KUMB: 1-128-42)
[PV-SVO:01_018_167]
ēvaṁ kr̥tavatī sāpi bhartuḥ priyacikīrṣayā ॥KUMB: 1-128-51; NILA: 01.122.023॥
She too acted in this way, wishing to please her husband. (KUMB: 1-128-51; NILA: 01.122.023)
[PV-SVO:01_018_168]
adharmaḥ sumahānēṣu strīṇāṁ bharatasattama । yatprasādayatē bhartā prasādyaḥ kṣatriyarṣabha । śr̥ṇu cēdaṁ mahābāhō mama prītikaraṁ caḥ ।। ॥KUMB: 1-128-61॥
This is a very great transgression for women, O best of the Bharatas: that a husband, who ought to be pleased, should instead please his wife, O bull among Kshatriyas. And hear these pleasing words of mine, O mighty-armed one. (KUMB: 1-128-61)
[PV-SVO:01_018_169]
tasya tasya prasādāttē rājñi putrō bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-128-66; NILA: 01.122.037॥
By the favor of each one, O queen, you will have a son. (KUMB: 1-128-66; NILA: 01.122.037)
[PV-SVO:01_018_170]
yāṁ mē vidyāṁ mahārāja adadātsa mahāyaśāḥ । tayā’’hūtaḥ suraḥ putraṁ pradāsyati surōpamam । anapatyakr̥taṁ yastē śōkaṁ vīra vinēṣyati ।। ॥KUMB: 1-128-68॥
That greatly renowned man gave me a spell, O great king. A god summoned by it will grant a godlike son who, O hero, will dispel the grief caused by your childlessness. (KUMB: 1-128-68)
[PV-SVO:01_018_171]
apatyakāma ēvaṁ syānmamāpatyaṁ bhavēditi । vipraṁ vā guṇasaṁpannaṁ sarvabhūtahitē ratam ॥KUMB: 1-129-1॥
O you who desire offspring, let it be thus, so that I may have a child: either a virtuous Brahmin devoted to the welfare of all beings… (KUMB: 1-129-1)
[PV-SVO:01_018_172]
anujānīhi bhadraṁ tē daivataṁ hi patiḥ striyaḥ । yaṁ tvaṁ vakṣyasi dharmajña dēvaṁ brāhmaṇamēva ca ॥KUMB: 1-129-2॥
Grant me permission—may all be well with you—for a woman’s husband is her deity. Whichever god or Brahmin you name, O knower of dharma… (KUMB: 1-129-2)
[PV-SVO:01_018_173]
yathōddiṣṭaṁ tvayā vīra tatkartāsmi mahābhuja । dēvātputraphalaṁ sadyō viprātkālāntarē bhavēt ॥KUMB: 1-129-3॥
I shall do as you have directed, O hero, O mighty-armed one. A son may be obtained from a god at once, but from a Brahmin only after some time. (KUMB: 1-129-3)
[PV-SVO:01_018_174]
dhanyō’ñasmyanugr̥hītō’smi tvaṁ nō dhātrī kulasya hi । namō maharṣayē tasmai yēna dattō varastava ॥KUMB: 1-129-5॥
I am blessed and favored, for you are the preserver of our lineage. Homage to that great seer who granted you this boon. (KUMB: 1-129-5)
[PV-SVO:01_018_175]
tasmāttvaṁ putralābhāya santānāya mamaiva ca ॥KUMB: 1-129-6॥
Therefore, for the sake of obtaining sons and continuing my own line, you… (KUMB: 1-129-6)
[PV-SVO:01_018_176]
pāṇḍunā samanujñātā bhāratēna yaśasvinā । matiṁ cakrē mahārāja dharmasyāvāhanē tadā ॥KUMB: 1-129-7kṣ॥
With the permission of the illustrious Pandu, descendant of Bharata, she then resolved, O great king, to invoke Dharma. (KUMB: 1-129-7क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_018_177]
dharmādikaṁ hi dharmajñē dharmāntaṁ dharmamadhyamam ॥KUMB: 1-129-9॥
For one who knows dharma, having dharma as its beginning, middle, and end… (KUMB: 1-129-9)
[PV-SVO:01_018_178]
apatyamiṣṭaṁ lōkēṣu yaśaḥkīrtivivardhanam ॥KUMB: 1-129-10॥
Offspring, which increases fame and renown, is desired throughout the worlds. (KUMB: 1-129-10)
[PV-SVO:01_018_179]
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_180]
saṁvatsarāhitē garbhē gāndhāryā janamējaya । āhvayāmāsa vai kuntī garbhārthaṁ dharmamacyutam ॥BORI: 1-114-1॥
Janamejaya, when Gandhari had been pregnant for a year, Kunti invoked the unfailing Dharma in order to conceive a child. (BORI: 1-114-1)
[PV-OTH:01_018_181]
sā baliṁ tvaritā dēvī dharmāyōpajahāra ha । jajāpa japyaṁ vidhivaddattaṁ durvāsasā purā ॥BORI: 1-114-2॥
The goddess hastily made an offering to Dharma and duly recited the invocation that Durvasas had given her long before. (BORI: 1-114-2)
[PV-KDV:01_018_182]
saṅgamya sā tu dharmēṇa yōgamūrtidharēṇa vai । lēbhē putraṁ varārōhā sarvaprāṇabhr̥tāṁ varam ॥BORI: 1-114-3॥
Uniting with Dharma, who had assumed a form through his yogic power, the lovely woman obtained a son who was the best of all living beings. (BORI: 1-114-3)
[PV-KDV:01_018_183]
aindrē candrasamāyuktē muhūrtē’bhijitē’ṣṭamē । divā madhyagatē sūryē tithau puṇyē’bhipūjitē ॥BORI: 1-114-4॥
When the moon was conjoined with the asterism sacred to Indra, during the eighth muhūrta, Abhijit, at midday when the sun had reached the meridian, on an auspicious and highly honored lunar day... (BORI: 1-114-4)
[PV-KDV:01_018_184]
samr̥ddhayaśasaṁ kuntī suṣāva samayē sutam । jātamātrē sutē tasminvāguvācāśarīriṇī ॥BORI: 1-114-5॥
At the appointed time, Kunti gave birth to a son destined for abundant fame. As soon as that son was born, a bodiless voice declared: (BORI: 1-114-5)
[PV-KDV:01_018_185]
ēṣa dharmabhr̥tāṁ śrēṣṭhō bhaviṣyati na saṁśayaḥ । yudhiṣṭhira iti khyātaḥ pāṇḍōḥ prathamajaḥ sutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-6॥
He will undoubtedly be the foremost of those who uphold dharma. Known as Yudhishthira, he will be Pandu’s firstborn son. (BORI: 1-114-6)
[PV-KDV:01_018_186]
bhavitā prathitō rājā triṣu lōkēṣu viśrutaḥ । yaśasā tējasā caiva vr̥ttēna ca samanvitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-7॥
He will become a renowned king, famed throughout the three worlds and endowed with glory, splendor, and virtuous conduct. (BORI: 1-114-7)
[PV-KDV:01_018_187]
dhārmikaṁ taṁ sutaṁ labdhvā pāṇḍustāṁ punarabravīt । prāhuḥ kṣatraṁ balajyēṣṭhaṁ balajyēṣṭhaṁ sutaṁ vr̥ṇu ॥BORI: 1-114-8॥
Having obtained that righteous son, Pandu again said to her, “They say that the warrior class is preeminent in strength; choose a son preeminent in strength.” (BORI: 1-114-8)
[PV-KDV:01_018_188]
tatastathōktā patyā tu vāyumēvājuhāva sā । tasmājjajñē mahābāhurbhīmō bhīmaparākramaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-9॥
Then, thus addressed by her husband, she invoked Vāyu himself. From him was born the mighty-armed Bhīma, a man of formidable prowess. (BORI: 1-114-9)
[PV-KDV:01_018_189]
tamapyatibalaṁ jātaṁ vāgabhyavadadacyutam । sarvēṣāṁ balināṁ śrēṣṭhō jātō’yamiti bhārata ॥BORI: 1-114-10॥
A voice also proclaimed of him, born immensely strong and invincible, “This child is the foremost of all strong men,” O Bharata. (BORI: 1-114-10)
[PV-KDV:01_018_190]
idamatyadbhutaṁ cāsījjātamātrē vr̥kōdarē । yadaṅkātpatitō mātuḥ śilāṁ gātrairacūrṇayat ॥BORI: 1-114-11॥
And this most astonishing thing happened when Vṛkodara had just been born: falling from his mother’s lap, he shattered a rock with his limbs. (BORI: 1-114-11)
[PV-KDV:01_018_191]
kuntī vyāghrabhayōdvignā sahasōtpatitā kila । nānvabudhyata saṁsuptamutsaṅgē svē vr̥kōdaram ॥BORI: 1-114-12॥
Kunti, alarmed by fear of a tiger, is said to have sprung up suddenly, unaware that Vrikodara lay fast asleep on her lap. (BORI: 1-114-12)
[PV-KDV:01_018_192]
tataḥ sa vajrasaṅghātaḥ kumārō’bhyapatadgirau । patatā tēna śatadhā śilā gātrairvicūrṇitā । tāṁ śilāṁ cūrṇitāṁ dr̥ṣṭvā pāṇḍurvismayamāgamat ॥BORI: 1-114-13॥
Then the boy, solid as a thunderbolt, fell upon the mountain. As he fell, his limbs shattered the rock into a hundred pieces. Seeing the rock pulverized, Pandu was astonished. (BORI: 1-114-13)
[PV-KDV:01_018_193]
yasminnahani bhīmastu jajñē bharatasattama । duryōdhanō’pi tatraiva prajajñē vasudhādhipa ॥BORI: 1-114-14॥
On the very day that Bhima was born, O best of the Bharatas, Duryodhana too was born, O lord of the earth. (BORI: 1-114-14)
[PV-OTH:01_018_194]
jātē vr̥kōdarē pāṇḍuridaṁ bhūyō’nvacintayat । kathaṁ nu mē varaḥ putrō lōkaśrēṣṭhō bhavēditi ॥BORI: 1-114-15॥
After Vṛkodara was born, Pāṇḍu reflected again: “How might I have an excellent son, the foremost in the world?” (BORI: 1-114-15)
[PV-KDV:01_018_195]
daivē puruṣakārē ca lōkō’yaṁ hi pratiṣṭhitaḥ । tatra daivaṁ tu vidhinā kālayuktēna labhyatē ॥BORI: 1-114-16॥
This world rests upon both fate and human effort; of these, fate is secured through a rite performed at the proper time. (BORI: 1-114-16)
[PV-KDV:01_018_196]
indrō hi rājā dēvānāṁ pradhāna iti naḥ śrutam । apramēyabalōtsāhō vīryavānamitadyutiḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-17॥
We have heard that Indra, king of the gods, is foremost (BORI: 1-114-17A)
[PV-KDV:01_018_197]
indrō hi rājā dēvānāṁ pradhāna iti naḥ śrutam । apramēyabalōtsāhō vīryavānamitadyutiḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-17॥
possessed of immeasurable strength and energy, mighty and of boundless splendor. (BORI: 1-114-17B)
[PV-PAX:01_018_198]
taṁ tōṣayitvā tapasā putraṁ lapsyē mahābalam । yaṁ dāsyati sa mē putraṁ sa varīyānbhaviṣyati । karmaṇā manasā vācā tasmāttapsyē mahattapaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-18॥
By pleasing him through austerity, I shall obtain a mighty son. The son he gives me will be preeminent. Therefore, in deed, thought, and speech, I shall undertake great austerity. (BORI: 1-114-18)
[PV-PAX:01_018_199]
tataḥ pāṇḍurmahātējā mantrayitvā maharṣibhiḥ । didēśa kuntyāḥ kauravyō vrataṁ sāṁvatsaraṁ śubham ॥BORI: 1-114-19॥
Then the mighty Kaurava Pandu, after consulting the great seers, prescribed for Kunti an auspicious year-long vow. (BORI: 1-114-19)
[PV-PAX:01_018_200]
ātmanā ca mahābāhurēkapādasthitō’bhavat । ugraṁ sa tapa ātasthē paramēṇa samādhinā ॥BORI: 1-114-20॥
The mighty-armed man himself stood on one foot and undertook severe austerities with perfect concentration. (BORI: 1-114-20)
[PV-PAX:01_018_201]
ārirādhayiṣurdēvaṁ tridaśānāṁ tamīśvaram । sūryēṇa saha dharmātmā paryavartata bhārata ॥BORI: 1-114-21॥
Wishing to propitiate that god, the lord of the gods, the righteous man turned with the sun, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-114-21)
[PV-PAX:01_018_202]
taṁ tu kālēna mahatā vāsavaḥ pratyabhāṣata । putraṁ tava pradāsyāmi triṣu lōkēṣu viśrutam ॥BORI: 1-114-22॥
After a long time, Vasava replied to him, “I shall give you a son renowned throughout the three worlds.” (BORI: 1-114-22)
[PV-PAX:01_018_203]
dēvānāṁ brāhmaṇānāṁ ca suhr̥dāṁ cārthasādhakam । sutaṁ tē’gryaṁ pradāsyāmi sarvāmitravināśanam ॥BORI: 1-114-23॥
I shall give you an eminent son who will further the interests of the gods, the Brahmins, and his friends, and who will destroy all his enemies. (BORI: 1-114-23)
[PV-PAX:01_018_204]
ityuktaḥ kauravō rājā vāsavēna mahātmanā । uvāca kuntīṁ dharmātmā dēvarājavacaḥ smaran ॥BORI: 1-114-24॥
Thus addressed by the great Indra, the righteous Kuru king spoke to Kunti, recalling the lord of the gods’ words: (BORI: 1-114-24)
[PV-PAX:01_018_205]
nītimantaṁ mahātmānamādityasamatējasam । durādharṣaṁ kriyāvantamatīvādbhutadarśanam ॥BORI: 1-114-25॥
Wise in statecraft, great-souled, radiant as the sun, unassailable, energetic, and extraordinarily wondrous in appearance… (BORI: 1-114-25)
[PV-PAX:01_018_206]
putraṁ janaya suśrōṇi dhāma kṣatriyatējasām ॥BORI: 1-114-26A॥
Bear a son, fair-hipped one, a repository of Kshatriya splendor. (BORI: 1-114-26A)
[PV-KDV:01_018_207]
labdhaḥ prasādō dēvēndrāttamāhvaya śucismitē ॥BORI: 1-114-26B॥
Indra’s favor has been secured; invoke him, bright-smiling one. (BORI: 1-114-26B)
[PV-PAX:01_018_208]
ēvamuktā tataḥ śakramājuhāva yaśasvinī । athājagāma dēvēndrō janayāmāsa cārjunam ॥BORI: 1-114-27॥
Thus addressed, the illustrious woman invoked Śakra. Then the lord of the gods came and fathered Arjuna. (BORI: 1-114-27)
[PV-KDV:01_018_209]
jātamātrē kumārē tu vāguvācāśarīriṇī । mahāgambhīranirghōṣā nabhō nādayatī tadā ॥BORI: 1-114-28॥
As soon as the prince was born, a bodiless voice, deep and mighty in its resonance, rang through the heavens and spoke: (BORI: 1-114-28)
[PV-KDV:01_018_210]
kārtavīryasamaḥ kunti śibitulyaparākramaḥ । ēṣa śakra ivājēyō yaśastē prathayiṣyati ॥BORI: 1-114-29॥
O Kunti, he will equal Kartavirya and rival Shibi in valor. Invincible like Shakra in battle, he will spread your fame. (BORI: 1-114-29)
[PV-PAX:01_018_211]
adityā viṣṇunā prītiryathābhūdabhivardhitā । tathā viṣṇusamaḥ prītiṁ vardhayiṣyati tē’rjunaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-30॥
Just as Aditi’s joy was increased by Vishnu, so Arjuna, Vishnu’s equal, will increase your joy. (BORI: 1-114-30)
[PV-PAX:01_018_212]
ēṣa madrānvaśē kr̥tvā kurūṁśca saha kēkayaiḥ । cēdikāśikarūṣāṁśca kurulakṣma sudhāsyati ॥BORI: 1-114-31॥
After bringing the Madras under his sway, as well as the Kurus together with the Kekayas, the Cedis, Kasis, and Karushas, he will firmly establish the glory of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-114-31)
[PV-PAX:01_018_213]
ētasya bhujavīryēṇa khāṇḍavē havyavāhanaḥ । mēdasā sarvabhūtānāṁ tr̥ptiṁ yāsyati vai parām ॥BORI: 1-114-32॥
Through the might of his arms, the bearer of offerings will attain supreme satisfaction in the Khandava Forest from the fat of all creatures. (BORI: 1-114-32)
[PV-PAX:01_018_214]
grāmaṇīśca mahīpālānēṣa jitvā mahābalaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-33A॥
After conquering chieftains and kings, this mighty hero, (BORI: 1-114-33A)
[PV-KDV:01_018_215]
bhrātr̥bhiḥ sahitō vīrastrīnmēdhānāhariṣyati ॥BORI: 1-114-33B॥
together with his brothers, will perform three sacrifices. (BORI: 1-114-33B)
[PV-PAX:01_018_216]
jāmadagnyasamaḥ kunti viṣṇutulyaparākramaḥ । ēṣa vīryavatāṁ śrēṣṭhō bhaviṣyatyaparājitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-34॥
O Kunti, equal to Jamadagni’s son and matching Vishnu in valor, he will be the foremost of mighty heroes and remain undefeated. (BORI: 1-114-34)
[PV-PAX:01_018_217]
tathā divyāni cāstrāṇi nikhilānyāhariṣyati । vipranaṣṭāṁ śriyaṁ cāyamāhartā puruṣarṣabhaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-35॥
He will also obtain all the celestial weapons, (BORI: 1-114-35A)
[PV-KDV:01_018_218]
tathā divyāni cāstrāṇi nikhilānyāhariṣyati । vipranaṣṭāṁ śriyaṁ cāyamāhartā puruṣarṣabhaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-35॥
and this bull among men will recover the prosperity that has been lost. (BORI: 1-114-35B)
[PV-PAX:01_018_219]
ētāmatyadbhutāṁ vācaṁ kuntīputrasya sūtakē । uktavānvāyurākāśē kuntī śuśrāva cāsya tām ॥BORI: 1-114-36॥
At the birth of Kunti’s son, Vayu uttered this most wondrous proclamation from the sky, and Kunti heard it. (BORI: 1-114-36)
[PV-PAX:01_018_220]
vācamuccāritāmuccaistāṁ niśamya tapasvinām । babhūva paramō harṣaḥ śataśr̥ṅganivāsinām ॥BORI: 1-114-37॥
On hearing that proclamation uttered aloud, the ascetics dwelling on Śataśṛṅga were filled with supreme joy. (BORI: 1-114-37)
[PV-PAX:01_018_221]
tathā dēvar̥ṣīṇāṁ ca sēndrāṇāṁ ca divaukasām । ākāśē dundubhīnāṁ ca babhūva tumulaḥ svanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-38॥
Likewise among the divine seers and the heaven-dwellers, including Indra; and in the sky there arose the tumultuous sound of drums. (BORI: 1-114-38)
[PV-PAX:01_018_222]
udatiṣṭhanmahāghōṣaḥ puṣpavr̥ṣṭibhirāvr̥taḥ । samavētya ca dēvānāṁ gaṇāḥ pārthamapūjayan ॥BORI: 1-114-39॥
A mighty roar arose amid showers of flowers, and the hosts of gods gathered together and honored Partha. (BORI: 1-114-39)
[PV-PAX:01_018_223]
kādravēyā vainatēyā gandharvāpsarasastathā । prajānāṁ patayaḥ sarvē sapta caiva maharṣayaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-40॥
The descendants of Kadru and Vinata, the Gandharvas and Apsarases, all the lords of creatures, and the seven great seers… (BORI: 1-114-40)
[PV-PAX:01_018_224]
bharadvājaḥ kaśyapō gautamaśca; viśvāmitrō jamadagnirvasiṣṭhaḥ । yaścōditō bhāskarē’bhūtpranaṣṭē; sō’pyatrātrirbhagavānājagāma ॥BORI: 1-114-41॥
Bharadvaja, Kashyapa, Gautama, Vishvamitra, Jamadagni, and Vasishtha—and the blessed Atri, who rose when the sun had disappeared—also came there. (BORI: 1-114-41)
[PV-PAX:01_018_225]
marīciraṅgirāścaiva pulastyaḥ pulahaḥ kratuḥ । dakṣaḥ prajāpatiścaiva gandharvāpsarasastathā ॥BORI: 1-114-42॥
Marichi and Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Daksha Prajapati, and likewise the Gandharvas and Apsarases… (BORI: 1-114-42)
[PV-PAX:01_018_226]
divyamālyāmbaradharāḥ sarvālaṅkārabhūṣitāḥ । upagāyanti bībhatsumupanr̥tyanti cāpsarāḥ । gandharvaiḥ sahitaḥ śrīmānprāgāyata ca tumburuḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-43॥
Clad in celestial garlands and garments and adorned with every ornament, the Apsarases sang in praise of Bibhatsu and danced before him, while the glorious Tumburu sang together with the Gandharvas. (BORI: 1-114-43)
[PV-PAX:01_018_227]
bhīmasēnōgrasēnau ca ūrṇāyuranaghastathā । gōpatirdhr̥tarāṣṭraśca sūryavarcāśca saptamaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-44॥
Bhimasena and Ugrasena, Urnayus and Anagha, Gopati and Dhritarashtra, and Suryavarchas as the seventh... (BORI: 1-114-44)
[PV-PAX:01_018_228]
yugapastr̥ṇapaḥ kārṣṇirnandiścitrarathastathā । trayōdaśaḥ śāliśirāḥ parjanyaśca caturdaśaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-45॥
Yugapa, Trinapa, Karshni, Nandi, and Chitraratha as well; Shalishiras was the thirteenth and Parjanya the fourteenth. (BORI: 1-114-45)
[PV-PAX:01_018_229]
kaliḥ pañcadaśaścātra nāradaścaiva ṣōḍaśaḥ । sadvā br̥hadvā br̥hakaḥ karālaśca mahāyaśāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-46॥
Kali is the fifteenth here, and Narada the sixteenth; Sadva, Brihadva, Brihaka, and the illustrious Karala… (BORI: 1-114-46)
[PV-PAX:01_018_230]
brahmacārī bahuguṇaḥ suparṇaścēti viśrutaḥ । viśvāvasurbhumanyuśca sucandrō daśamastathā ॥BORI: 1-114-47॥
Brahmacārī, Bahuguṇa, and the renowned Suparṇa, as well as Viśvāvasu, Bhumanyu, and Sucandra, the tenth. (BORI: 1-114-47)
[PV-PAX:01_018_231]
gītamādhuryasampannau vikhyātau ca hahāhuhū । ityētē dēvagandharvā jagustatra nararṣabham ॥BORI: 1-114-48॥
And Hāhā and Hūhū, renowned for the sweetness of their singing—these divine Gandharvas sang there in honor of the bull among men. (BORI: 1-114-48)
[PV-PAX:01_018_232]
tathaivāpsarasō hr̥ṣṭāḥ sarvālaṅkārabhūṣitāḥ । nanr̥turvai mahābhāgā jaguścāyatalōcanāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-49॥
Likewise, the delighted Apsarases, adorned with every ornament, danced and sang—those illustrious, wide-eyed women. (BORI: 1-114-49)
[PV-PAX:01_018_233]
anūnā cānavadyā ca priyamukhyā guṇāvarā । adrikā ca tathā sācī miśrakēśī alambusā ॥BORI: 1-114-50॥
Anūnā, Anavadyā, Priyamukhyā, Guṇāvarā, Adrikā, Sācī, Miśrakeśī, and Alambusā… (BORI: 1-114-50)
[PV-PAX:01_018_234]
marīciḥ śicukā caiva vidyutparṇā tilōttamā । agnikā lakṣaṇā kṣēmā dēvī rambhā manōramā ॥BORI: 1-114-51॥
Marīci, Śicukā, Vidyutparṇā, Tilottamā, Agnikā, Lakṣaṇā, Kṣemā, Devī, Rambhā, and Manoramā… (BORI: 1-114-51)
[PV-PAX:01_018_235]
asitā ca subāhuśca supriyā suvapustathā । puṇḍarīkā sugandhā ca surathā ca pramāthinī ॥BORI: 1-114-52॥
Asitā, Subāhu, Supriyā, Suvapus, Puṇḍarīkā, Sugandhā, Surathā, and Pramāthinī … (BORI: 1-114-52)
[PV-PAX:01_018_236]
kāmyā śāradvatī caiva nanr̥tustatra saṅghaśaḥ । mēnakā sahajanyā ca parṇikā puñjikasthalā ॥BORI: 1-114-53॥
Kāmyā and Śāradvatī also danced there in groups. Menakā, Sahajanyā, Parṇikā, and Puñjikasthalā… (BORI: 1-114-53)
[PV-PAX:01_018_237]
kratusthalā ghr̥tācī ca viśvācī pūrvacittyapi । umlōcētyabhivikhyātā pramlōcēti ca tā daśa । urvaśyēkādaśītyētā jagurāyatalōcanāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-54॥
Kratusthala, Ghritachi, Vishvachi, and Purvachitti, as well as the one renowned as Umlocha and Pramlocha—these made ten; with Urvashi as the eleventh, these wide-eyed women sang. (BORI: 1-114-54)
[PV-PAX:01_018_238]
dhātāryamā ca mitraśca varuṇōṁ’śō bhagastathā । indrō vivasvānpūṣā ca tvaṣṭā ca savitā tathā ॥BORI: 1-114-55॥
Dhātṛ, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuṇa, Aṃśa, Bhaga, Indra, Vivasvat, Pūṣan, Tvaṣṭṛ, and Savitṛ... (BORI: 1-114-55)
[PV-PAX:01_018_239]
parjanyaścaiva viṣṇuśca ādityāḥ pāvakārciṣaḥ । mahimānaṁ pāṇḍavasya vardhayantō’mbarē sthitāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-56॥
and Parjanya and Vishnu—the fire-radiant Adityas—standing in the sky and magnifying the Pandava’s glory. (BORI: 1-114-56)
[PV-PAX:01_018_240]
mr̥gavyādhaśca śarvaśca nirr̥tiśca mahāyaśāḥ । ajaikapādahirbudhnyaḥ pinākī ca parantapaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-57॥
Mṛgavyādha, Śarva, the illustrious Nirṛti, Ajaikapād, Ahirbudhnya, and Pinākin, the scorcher of foes... (BORI: 1-114-57)
[PV-PAX:01_018_241]
dahanō’thēśvaraścaiva kapālī ca viśāṁ patē । sthāṇurbhavaśca bhagavānrudrāstatrāvatasthirē ॥BORI: 1-114-58॥
Dahana, Ishvara, Kapalin, Sthanu, and the blessed Bhava, O lord of the people—the Rudras took their places there. (BORI: 1-114-58)
[PV-PAX:01_018_242]
aśvinau vasavaścāṣṭau marutaśca mahābalāḥ । viśvēdēvāstathā sādhyāstatrāsanparisaṁsthitāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-59॥
The two Ashvins, the eight Vasus, the mighty Maruts, the Vishvedevas, and the Sadhyas were also assembled there. (BORI: 1-114-59)
[PV-PAX:01_018_243]
karkōṭakō’tha śēṣaśca vāsukiśca bhujaṅgamaḥ । kacchapaścāpakuṇḍaśca takṣakaśca mahōragaḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-60॥
Karkotaka, Shesha, Vasuki the serpent, Kacchapa, Apakunda, and Takshaka the great serpent... (BORI: 1-114-60)
[PV-PAX:01_018_244]
āyayustējasā yuktā mahākrōdhā mahābalāḥ । ētē cānyē ca bahavastatra nāgā vyavasthitāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-61॥
Endowed with splendor, fiercely wrathful, and immensely powerful, they came. These and many other Nagas were assembled there. (BORI: 1-114-61)
[PV-PAX:01_018_245]
tārkṣyaścāriṣṭanēmiśca garuḍaścāsitadhvajaḥ । aruṇaścāruṇiścaiva vainatēyā vyavasthitāḥ ॥BORI: 1-114-62॥
The sons of Vinata—Tarkshya, Arishtanemi, Garuda, Asitadhvaja, Aruna, and Aruni—were also present. (BORI: 1-114-62)
[PV-PAX:01_018_246]
taddr̥ṣṭvā mahadāścaryaṁ vismitā munisattamāḥ । adhikāṁ sma tatō vr̥ttimavartanpāṇḍavānprati ॥BORI: 1-114-63॥
Seeing that great marvel, the foremost sages were astonished, and from then on they treated the Pandavas with even greater affection. (BORI: 1-114-63)
[PV-PAX:01_018_247]
pāṇḍustu punarēvaināṁ putralōbhānmahāyaśāḥ । prāhiṇōddarśanīyāṅgīṁ kuntī tvēnamathābravīt ॥BORI: 1-114-64॥
But the illustrious Pandu, longing for sons, urged the lovely-limbed Kunti once again. Kunti then said to him: (BORI: 1-114-64)
[PV-KDV:01_018_248]
nātaścaturthaṁ prasavamāpatsvapi vadantyuta । ataḥ paraṁ cāriṇī syātpañcamē bandhakī bhavēt ॥BORI: 1-114-65॥
They say that even in adversity a woman should not bear a fourth child. Beyond that she would be promiscuous, and with a fifth she would become a prostitute. (BORI: 1-114-65)
[PV-KDV:01_018_249]
sa tvaṁ vidvandharmamimaṁ buddhigamyaṁ kathaṁ nu mām । apatyārthaṁ samutkramya pramādādiva bhāṣasē ॥BORI: 1-114-66॥
Since you know this rule, which is discernible by reason, how can you speak to me as though heedlessly transgressing it for the sake of offspring? (BORI: 1-114-66)
[PV-KDV:01_018_250]
ājagāma tatō dēvō dharmō mantrabalāttataḥ । vimānē sūryasaṅkāśē kuntī yatra upasthitā ॥KUMB: 1-129-16; NILA: 01.123.003॥
Then the god Dharma came through the power of the mantra, in a celestial chariot radiant as the sun, to where Kunti was waiting. (KUMB: 1-129-16; NILA: 01.123.003)
[PV-SVO:01_018_251]
vihasya tāṁ tatō brūyāḥ kunti kiṁ tē dadāmyaham । sā taṁ vihasyamānāpi putraṁ dēhyabravīdidam ॥KUMB: 1-129-17; NILA: 01.123.004॥
Then, smiling, you should say to her, “Kunti, what shall I give you?” Smiling at him in turn, she said, “Give me a son…” (KUMB: 1-129-17; NILA: 01.123.004)
[PV-SVO:01_018_252]
vikrāntaḥ satyavākcaiva rājā pr̥thvyāṁ bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-129-23; NILA: 01.123.008॥
He will be a valiant king on earth, true to his word. (KUMB: 1-129-23; NILA: 01.123.008)
[PV-SVO:01_018_253]
tatastāmāgatō vāyurmr̥gārūḍhō mahābalaḥ । kiṁ tē kunti dadāmyadya brūhi yattē hr̥di sthitam ॥NILA: 01.123.012॥
Then Vāyu, immensely powerful and mounted on a deer, came to her. “What shall I give you today, Kuntī? Tell me what is in your heart.” (NILA: 01.123.012)
[PV-SVO:01_018_254]
sā salajjā vahasyāha putraṁ dēhi surōttama । balavantaṁ mahākāyaṁ sarvadarpaprabhañjanam ॥NILA: 01.123.013॥
Bashfully, she smiled and said, “Best of the gods, give me a strong, huge-bodied son who will crush all pride.” (NILA: 01.123.013)
[PV-SVO:01_018_255]
amānuṣānmānuṣāṁśca saṅgrāmē sa haniṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-132-5; NILA: 01.123.024॥
He will slay both nonhuman and human foes in battle. (KUMB: 1-132-5; NILA: 01.123.024)
[PV-SVO:01_018_256]
durhr̥dāṁ śōkajananaṁ sarvabāndhavanandanam ॥KUMB: 1-132-10; NILA: 01.123.029॥
causing grief to enemies and delight to all kinsmen... (KUMB: 1-132-10; NILA: 01.123.029)
[PV-SVO:01_018_257]
udarkastava kalyāṇi tuṣṭō dēvagaṇēśvaraḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-12; NILA: 01.123.031॥
The outcome for you, O blessed lady, is that the lord of the hosts of gods, pleased with you... (KUMB: 1-132-12; NILA: 01.123.031)
[PV-SVO:01_018_258]
dātumicchati tē putraṁ yathā saṅkalpitaṁ tvayā । atimānuṣakarmāṇaṁ yaśasvinamarindamam ॥KUMB: 1-132-13; NILA: 01.123.032॥
He wishes to grant you a son just as you have envisioned—one who will perform superhuman deeds, win renown, and subdue his enemies. (KUMB: 1-132-13; NILA: 01.123.032)
[PV-SVO:01_018_259]
śr̥ṇvatāṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ tēṣāṁ cāśramavāsinām । kuntīmābhāṣya vispaṣṭamuvācēdaṁ śucismitām ॥KUMB: 1-132-19; NILA: 01.123.037॥
While all beings and the residents of the hermitage listened, he addressed Kunti of the pure smile and spoke these words distinctly: (KUMB: 1-132-19; NILA: 01.123.037)
[PV-SVO:01_018_260]
ēṣa yuddhē mahādēvaṁ tōṣayiṣyati śaṅkaram । astraṁ pāśupataṁ nāma tasmāttuṣṭādavāpsyati ॥KUMB: 1-132-26; NILA: 01.123.044॥
In battle, he will please the great god Śaṅkara and, when the god is pleased, obtain from him the weapon called Pāśupata. (KUMB: 1-132-26; NILA: 01.123.044)
[PV-SVO:01_018_261]
nivātakavacā nāma daityā vibudhavidviṣaḥ । śakrājñayā mahābāhustānvadhiṣyati tē sutaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-27; NILA: 01.123.045॥
At Shakra’s command, your mighty-armed son will slay the Daityas called the Nivatakavachas, enemies of the gods. (KUMB: 1-132-27; NILA: 01.123.045)
[PV-SVO:01_018_262]
tathā maharṣayaścāpi jēpustatra samantataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-36; NILA: 01.123.054॥
Likewise, the great seers also recited prayers there on every side. (KUMB: 1-132-36; NILA: 01.123.054)
[PV-SVO:01_018_263]
tāṁśca dēvagaṇānsarvāṁstapaḥsiddhā maharṣayaḥ । vimānagiryagragatāndadr̥śurnētarē janāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-57; NILA: 01.123.074॥
The great seers, perfected through austerities, saw all those hosts of gods seated atop mountain-like celestial chariots, but other people did not. (KUMB: 1-132-57; NILA: 01.123.074)
[PV-SVO:01_018_264]
jānantī dharmamagryaṁ vai dharmaṁ vaśamupānayat । āhūtō niyamātkuntyā sarvabhūtanamaskr̥taḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-15॥
Knowing Dharma to be foremost, she brought him under her sway. Summoned by Kunti according to the prescribed rule, he who is revered by all beings… (KUMB: 1-129-15)
[PV-SVO:01_018_265]
dadr̥śē bhagavāndharmaḥ santānārthāya pāṇḍavē ॥KUMB: 1-129-17॥
The blessed lord Dharma appeared so that Pandu might have offspring. (KUMB: 1-129-17)
[PV-SVO:01_018_266]
tasminbahumr̥gē’raṇyē śataśr̥ṅgē nagōttamē । pāṇḍōrarthē mahābhāgā kuntī dharmamupāgamat ॥KUMB: 1-129-18॥
In that forest abounding in game, on Śataśṛṅga, the finest of mountains, the greatly blessed Kuntī approached Dharma for Pāṇḍu’s sake. (KUMB: 1-129-18)
[PV-SVO:01_018_267]
r̥tukālē śuciḥ snātā śuklavastrā yaśasvinī । śayyāṁ jagrāha suśrōṇī saha dharmēṇa suvratā ॥KUMB: 1-129-19॥
At the proper time in her cycle, purified by bathing and dressed in white, the illustrious, shapely-hipped woman of noble vows went to bed with Dharma. (KUMB: 1-129-19)
[PV-SVO:01_018_268]
tataḥ kuntīmabhikramya śaśāsātīva bhārata । vāyumāvāhayasvēti sa dēvō balavattaraḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-45॥
Then, approaching Kunti, he earnestly commanded her, O Bharata: “Invoke Vayu, for that god is stronger.” (KUMB: 1-129-45)
[PV-SVO:01_018_269]
aśvamēdhaḥ kratuśrēṣṭhō jyōtiḥśrēṣṭhō divākaraḥ । brāhmaṇō dvipadāṁ śrēṣṭhō dēvaśrēṣṭhaśca mārutaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-46॥
The Ashvamedha is the foremost of sacrifices, the sun the foremost of lights, the Brahmin the foremost of bipeds, and Marut the foremost of gods. (KUMB: 1-129-46)
[PV-SVO:01_018_270]
mārutaṁ marutāṁ śrēṣṭhaṁ sarvaprāṇibhirīḍitam । āvāhaya tvaṁ niyamātputrārthaṁ varavarṇini ॥KUMB: 1-129-47॥
O lovely woman, duly invoke Maruta, the foremost of the Maruts, praised by all living beings, so that you may have a son. (KUMB: 1-129-47)
[PV-SVO:01_018_271]
sa nō yaṁ dāsyati sutaṁ sa prāṇabalavānnr̥ṣu । bhaviṣyati varārōhē balajyēṣṭhā hi bhūmipāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-48॥
The son he gives us will be endowed with vital strength among men, fair-hipped woman, for kings are preeminent in strength. (KUMB: 1-129-48)
[PV-SVO:01_018_272]
dvitīyēnōpahārēṇa tēnōktavidhinā punaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-49॥
Then, with a second offering, once again in the manner he had prescribed... (KUMB: 1-129-49)
[PV-SVO:01_018_273]
tairēva niyamaiḥ sthitvā mantragrāmamudairayat । ājagāma tatō vāyuḥ kiṁ karōmīti cābravīt ॥KUMB: 1-129-50॥
Observing those same restraints, she recited the group of mantras. Then Vāyu came and said, “What shall I do?” (KUMB: 1-129-50)
[PV-SVO:01_018_274]
lajjānvitā tataḥ kuntī putramaicchanmahābalam । tathāstviti ca tāṁ vāyuḥ samālabhya divaṁ gataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-51॥
Then Kunti, overcome with shyness, asked for a son of immense strength. Saying, “So be it,” Vayu embraced her and returned to heaven. (KUMB: 1-129-51)
[PV-SVO:01_018_275]
jātamātrē kumārē tu sarvalōkasya pārthivāḥ । mūtraṁ prasusruvuḥ sarvē vyathāṁ cāpi prapēdirē । vāhanāni vyaśīryanta vyamuñcannaśrubindavaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-53; KUMB: 1-129-54॥
The moment the boy was born, all the rulers of the world urinated and were overcome with distress; their mounts collapsed and shed tears. (KUMB: 1-129-53; KUMB: 1-129-54)
[PV-SVO:01_018_276]
yathā’nilaḥ samudbhūtaḥ samarthaḥ kampanē bhuvaḥ । tathā hyupacitāṅgō vai bhīmō bhīmaparākramaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-55॥
Just as a rising wind can shake the earth, so Bhima, sturdy of limb, was truly of fearsome prowess. (KUMB: 1-129-55)
[PV-SVO:01_018_277]
kuntī tu saha putrēṇa yātā suruciraṁ saraḥ । snātvā ca sutamādāya daśamē’hani yādavī ॥KUMB: 1-129-57॥
Kunti went with her son to a lovely lake. On the tenth day, after bathing and taking up her son, the Yadava woman… (KUMB: 1-129-57)
[PV-SVO:01_018_278]
daivatānyarcayiṣyantī nirjagāmāśramātpr̥thā । śailābhyāśēna gacchantyāstadā bharatasattama ॥KUMB: 1-129-58॥
Pṛthā left the hermitage to worship the deities. As she was walking near the mountain, O best of the Bharatas, then... (KUMB: 1-129-58)
[PV-SVO:01_018_279]
niścakrāma mahāvyāghrō jighāṁsurgirigahvarāt । tamāpatantaṁ śārdūlaṁ vikr̥ṣya dhanuruttamam ॥KUMB: 1-129-59॥
A huge tiger emerged from a mountain cave, intent on killing. As it charged at him, he drew his excellent bow and… (KUMB: 1-129-59)
[PV-SVO:01_018_280]
nirbibhēda śaraiḥ pāṇḍustribhistiradaśavikramaḥ । nādēna mahatā tāṁ tu pūrayantaṁ girērguhām ॥KUMB: 1-129-60॥
Pandu, whose valor equaled that of the gods, pierced it with three arrows as it filled the mountain cave with a mighty roar. (KUMB: 1-129-60)
[PV-SVO:01_018_281]
dr̥ṣṭvā śailamupārōḍhumaicchatkuntī bhayāttadā । trāsāttasyāḥ sutastvaṅkātpapāta bharatarṣabha ॥KUMB: 1-129-61॥
Seeing it, Kunti then wished in fear to climb the mountain; but in her fright her son fell from her lap, O bull of the Bharatas. (KUMB: 1-129-61)
[PV-SVO:01_018_282]
parvatasyōparisthāyāmadhastādapatacchiśuḥ । sa śilāṁ cūrṇayāmāsa vajravadvajricōditaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-62॥
As she stood atop the mountain, the infant fell to the ground below. He shattered the rock like a thunderbolt hurled by Indra. (KUMB: 1-129-62)
[PV-SVO:01_018_283]
putrasnēhāttataḥ pāṇḍurabhyadhāvadgirēstaṭam ॥KUMB: 1-129-63॥
Then, out of love for his son, Pandu rushed to the mountainside. (KUMB: 1-129-63)
[PV-SVO:01_018_284]
sa tu janmani bhīmasya vinadantaṁ vināditam । dadarśa giriśr̥ṅgasthaṁ vyāghraṁ vyāghraparākramaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-64; KUMB: 1-129-65॥
But at Bhima’s birth, that tiger-like warrior saw a tiger on a mountain peak, roaring loudly. (KUMB: 1-129-64; KUMB: 1-129-65)
[PV-SVO:01_018_285]
dārasaṁrakṣaṇārthāya putrasaṁrakṣaṇāya ca । sadā bāṇadhanuṣpāṇirabhavatkurunandanaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-129-65; KUMB: 1-129-66॥
To protect his wife and son, the delight of the Kurus always carried bow and arrows in his hands. (KUMB: 1-129-65; KUMB: 1-129-66)
[PV-SVO:01_018_286]
maghē candramasā yuktē siṁhē cābhyuditē gurau । divā madhyagatē sūryē tithau puṇyē trayōdaśē । pitryē muhūrtē sā kuntī suṣuvē bhīmamacyutam ॥KUMB: 1-129-66; KUMB: 1-129-67॥
When the moon was conjoined with Magha, Jupiter had risen in Leo, and the sun stood at midday, on the auspicious thirteenth lunar day, at the hour sacred to the ancestors, Kunti gave birth to the steadfast Bhima. (KUMB: 1-129-66; KUMB: 1-129-67)
[PV-SVO:01_018_287]
uttarābhyāṁ tu pūrvābhyāṁ phalgunībhyāṁ tatō divā । jātastu phālgunē māsi tēnāsau phalgunaḥsmr̥taḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-17॥
He was then born by day in the month of Phalguna, under both the Uttara and Purva Phalgunis; therefore he was known as Phalguna. (KUMB: 1-132-17)
[PV-SVO:01_018_288]
sarvabhūtapraharṣiṇī । sūtakē vartamānāṁ tāṁ ॥KUMB: 1-132-18॥
bringing joy to all beings. While she was in confinement after childbirth... (KUMB: 1-132-18)
[PV-SVO:01_018_289]
pāṇḍuḥ prītēna manasā dēvatādīnapūjayat । pāṇḍunā pūjitā dēvāḥ pratyūcurnarasattamam ॥KUMB: 1-132-59॥
With a joyful heart, Pandu worshipped the gods and others. Worshipped by Pandu, the gods replied to that best of men: (KUMB: 1-132-59)
[PV-SVO:01_018_290]
prādurbūtō hyayaṁ dharmō dēvatānāṁ prasādataḥ । mātariśvā hyayaṁ bhīmō balavānarimardanaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-132-60॥
For Dharma himself has manifested here through the favor of the gods, and this Bhima is Matarishvan himself—mighty and a crusher of foes. (KUMB: 1-132-60)
[PV-SVO:01_018_291]
sākṣādindraḥ svayaṁ jātaḥ prasādācca śatakratōḥ । pitr̥tvāddēvatānāṁ hi nāsti puṇyatarastvayā ॥KUMB: 1-132-61॥
Through Śatakratu’s favor, Indra himself has been born in person. Since you are the father of gods, there is surely no one more blessed than you. (KUMB: 1-132-61)
[PV-SVO:01_018_292]
pitr̥̄ṇāmr̥ṇanirmuktaḥ svargaṁ prāpsyasi puṇyabhāk । ityuktvā dēvatāḥ sarvā viprajagmuryathāgatam ॥KUMB: 1-132-62॥
Freed from your debt to the ancestors, you will attain heaven and share in its blessings.” Having spoken thus, all the gods departed the way they had come. (KUMB: 1-132-62)
[PV-SVO:01_018_293]
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_294]
kuntīputrēṣu jātēṣu dhr̥tarāṣṭrātmajēṣu ca ॥BORI: 1-115-1A॥
After Kunti’s sons and Dhritarashtra’s sons had been born (BORI: 1-115-1A)
[PV-OTH:01_018_295]
madrarājasutā pāṇḍuṁ rahō vacanamabravīt ॥BORI: 1-115-1B॥
The daughter of the king of Madra spoke privately to Pandu: (BORI: 1-115-1B)
[PV-KDV:01_018_296]
na mē’sti tvayi santāpō viguṇē’pi parantapa । nāvaratvē varārhāyāḥ sthitvā cānagha nityadā ॥BORI: 1-115-2॥
I feel no anguish over your incapacity, O scorcher of foes, nor over always having remained in an inferior position though worthy of the highest, O sinless one... (BORI: 1-115-2)
[PV-KDV:01_018_297]
gāndhāryāścaiva nr̥patē jātaṁ putraśataṁ tathā । śrutvā na mē tathā duḥkhamabhavatkurunandana ॥BORI: 1-115-3॥
Likewise, O king, when I heard that Gandhari had borne a hundred sons, I did not feel such sorrow, O delight of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-115-3)
[PV-OTH:01_018_298]
idaṁ tu mē mahadduḥkhaṁ tulyatāyāmaputratā । diṣṭyā tvidānīṁ bharturmē kuntyāmapyasti santatiḥ ॥BORI: 1-115-4॥
But this is my great sorrow: though Kunti and I are equals, I am childless. Fortunately, my husband now has offspring through Kunti. (BORI: 1-115-4)
[PV-KDV:01_018_299]
yadi tvapatyasantānaṁ kuntirājasutā mayi । kuryādanugrahō mē syāttava cāpi hitaṁ bhavēt ॥BORI: 1-115-5॥
If Kunti, the king’s daughter, would provide me with offspring, it would be a favor to me and would also be to your benefit. (BORI: 1-115-5)
[PV-KDV:01_018_300]
stambhō hi mē sapatnītvādvaktuṁ kuntisutāṁ prati । yadi tu tvaṁ prasannō mē svayamēnāṁ pracōdaya ॥BORI: 1-115-6॥
For because she is my co-wife, I feel inhibited from speaking to Kunti's daughter. But if you are pleased with me, urge her yourself. (BORI: 1-115-6)
[PV-KDV:01_018_301]
pāṇḍuruvāca॥
Pāṇḍu said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_302]
mamāpyēṣa sadā mādri hr̥dyarthaḥ parivartatē । na tu tvāṁ prasahē vaktumiṣṭāniṣṭavivakṣayā ॥BORI: 1-115-7॥
The same thought has always been on my mind, Madri, but I could not bring myself to speak to you, uncertain whether you would welcome it or not. (BORI: 1-115-7)
[PV-KDV:01_018_303]
tava tvidaṁ mataṁ jñātvā prayatiṣyāmyataḥ param । manyē dhruvaṁ mayōktā sā vacō mē pratipatsyatē ॥BORI: 1-115-8॥
But now that I know your wish, I shall make the effort from this point on. I believe that, when I speak to her, she will surely heed my words. (BORI: 1-115-8)
[PV-KDV:01_018_304]
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
Vaiśampāyana said:
[PV-KDV:01_018_305]
tataḥ kuntīṁ punaḥ pāṇḍurvivikta idamabravīt । kulasya mama santānaṁ lōkasya ca kuru priyam ॥BORI: 1-115-9॥
Then, when they were alone, Pandu again said this to Kunti: “Continue my lineage, and do what is pleasing to the world—” (BORI: 1-115-9)
[PV-KDV:01_018_306]
mama cāpiṇḍanāśāya pūrvēṣāmapi cātmanaḥ । matpriyārthaṁ ca kalyāṇi kuru kalyāṇamuttamam ॥BORI: 1-115-10॥
To ensure that I, our ancestors, and you yourself are not left without descendants to offer the funeral oblation, and for my sake, blessed lady, perform this supremely good deed. (BORI: 1-115-10)
[PV-KDV:01_018_307]
yaśasō’rthāya caiva tvaṁ kuru karma suduṣkaram । prāpyādhipatyamindrēṇa yajñairiṣṭaṁ yaśōrthinā ॥BORI: 1-115-11॥
And for the sake of fame, undertake this extremely difficult deed. After attaining sovereignty, Indra too, seeking fame, performed sacrifices. (BORI: 1-115-11)
[PV-OTH:01_018_308]
tathā mantravidō viprāstapastaptvā suduṣkaram । gurūnabhyupagacchanti yaśasō’rthāya bhāmini ॥BORI: 1-115-12॥
Likewise, O radiant lady, Brahmins versed in sacred formulas undertake extremely difficult austerities and approach teachers for the sake of fame. (BORI: 1-115-12)
[PV-OTH:01_018_309]
tathā rājarṣayaḥ sarvē brāhmaṇāśca tapōdhanāḥ । cakruruccāvacaṁ karma yaśasō’rthāya duṣkaram ॥BORI: 1-115-13॥
Likewise, all royal seers and Brahmins rich in austerity performed arduous deeds of every kind for the sake of renown. (BORI: 1-115-13)
[PV-OTH:01_018_310]
sā tvaṁ mādrīṁ plavēnēva tārayēmāmaninditē । apatyasaṁvibhāgēna parāṁ kīrtimavāpnuhi ॥BORI: 1-115-14॥
Therefore, blameless woman, rescue this Mādrī as though in a boat; by granting her a share in offspring, attain the highest renown. (BORI: 1-115-14)
[PV-KDV:01_018_311]
ēvamuktābravīnmādrīṁ sakr̥ccintaya daivatam । tasmāttē bhavitāpatyamanurūpamasaṁśayam ॥BORI: 1-115-15॥
Thus addressed, she said to Madri, “Think of a deity just once. From him you will undoubtedly have a child resembling him.” (BORI: 1-115-15)
[PV-KDV:01_018_312]
tatō mādrī vicāryaiva jagāma manasāśvinau । tāvāgamya sutau tasyāṁ janayāmāsaturyamau ॥BORI: 1-115-16॥
Then Madri, after due consideration, fixed her mind on the Ashvins. They came and fathered twin sons upon her. (BORI: 1-115-16)
[PV-KDV:01_018_313]
nakulaṁ sahadēvaṁ ca rūpēṇāpratimau bhuvi । tathaiva tāvapi yamau vāguvācāśarīriṇī ॥BORI: 1-115-17॥
Nakula and Sahadeva, unequalled in beauty on earth… A disembodied voice likewise addressed the twins: (BORI: 1-115-17)
[PV-KDV:01_018_314]
rūpasattvaguṇōpētāvētāvanyāñjanānati । bhāsatastējasātyarthaṁ rūpadraviṇasampadā ॥BORI: 1-115-18॥
Endowed with beauty, strength, and virtue, these two greatly outshine other men in splendor and in their abundance of beauty and wealth. (BORI: 1-115-18)
[PV-OTH:01_018_315]
nāmāni cakrirē tēṣāṁ śataśr̥ṅganivāsinaḥ । bhaktyā ca karmaṇā caiva tathāśīrbhirviśāṁ patē ॥BORI: 1-115-19॥
The inhabitants of Shatashringa gave them names with devotion, ritual observances, and blessings, O lord of the people. (BORI: 1-115-19)
[PV-KDV:01_018_316]
jyēṣṭhaṁ yudhiṣṭhirētyāhurbhīmasēnēti madhyamam । arjunēti tr̥tīyaṁ ca kuntīputrānakalpayan ॥BORI: 1-115-20॥
They called the eldest Yudhishthira, the middle one Bhimasena, and the third Arjuna, thus naming Kunti’s sons. (BORI: 1-115-20)
[PV-KDV:01_018_317]
pūrvajaṁ nakulētyēvaṁ sahadēvēti cāparam । mādrīputrāvakathayaṁstē viprāḥ prītamānasāḥ । anusaṁvatsaraṁ jātā api tē kurusattamāḥ ॥BORI: 1-115-21॥
Those delighted Brahmins called the elder of Mādrī’s sons Nakula and the other Sahadeva. Although those foremost Kurus were born at one-year intervals… (BORI: 1-115-21)
[PV-KDV:01_018_318]
kuntīmatha punaḥ pāṇḍurmādryarthē samacōdayat । tamuvāca pr̥thā rājanrahasyuktā satī sadā ॥BORI: 1-115-22॥
Then Pandu again urged Kunti on Madri’s behalf. O king, the ever-virtuous Pritha, addressed by him in private, said to him: (BORI: 1-115-22)
[PV-KDV:01_018_319]
uktā sakr̥ddvandvamēṣā lēbhē tēnāsmi vañcitā ॥BORI: 1-115-23A॥
Instructed only once, she obtained a pair; in this way she has deceived me. (BORI: 1-115-23A)
[PV-KDV:01_018_320]
bibhēmyasyāḥ paribhavānnārīṇāṁ gatirīdr̥śī ॥BORI: 1-115-23B॥
I fear being outdone by her—such is the way of women. (BORI: 1-115-23B)
[PV-OTH:01_018_321]
nājñāsiṣamahaṁ mūḍhā dvandvāhvānē phaladvayam ॥BORI: 1-115-24A॥
Fool that I was, I did not know that invoking a pair would yield a double result. (BORI: 1-115-24A)
[PV-OTH:01_018_322]
tasmānnāhaṁ niyōktavyā tvayaiṣō’stu varō mama ॥BORI: 1-115-24B॥
Therefore you must not ask this of me again; let this be the boon you grant me. (BORI: 1-115-24B)
[PV-KDV:01_018_323]
ēvaṁ pāṇḍōḥ sutāḥ pañca dēvadattā mahābalāḥ । sambhūtāḥ kīrtimantastē kuruvaṁśavivardhanāḥ ॥BORI: 1-115-25॥
Thus were born Pandu’s five mighty sons, begotten by the gods—renowned men who would increase the Kuru lineage. (BORI: 1-115-25)
[PV-OTH:01_018_324]
śubhalakṣaṇasampannāḥ sōmavatpriyadarśanāḥ । siṁhadarpā mahēṣvāsāḥ siṁhavikrāntagāminaḥ । siṁhagrīvā manuṣyēndrā vavr̥dhurdēvavikramāḥ ॥BORI: 1-115-26॥
Endowed with auspicious marks and as pleasing to behold as the moon, proud as lions and mighty archers, striding with the valor of lions, lion-necked, those princes grew in might like the gods. (BORI: 1-115-26)
[PV-OTH:01_018_325]
vivardhamānāstē tatra puṇyē haimavatē girau । vismayaṁ janayāmāsurmaharṣīṇāṁ samēyuṣām ॥BORI: 1-115-27॥
As they grew up there on the sacred Himalayan mountain, they inspired wonder among the great seers who had assembled. (BORI: 1-115-27)
[PV-KDV:01_018_326]