01.074
शुक्र उवाच॥
śukra uvāca॥
[शुक्र (śukra) - Śukra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Śukra said.)
Śukra said.
यः परेषां नरो नित्यमतिवादांस्तितिक्षति। देवयानि विजानीहि तेन सर्वमिदं जितम् ॥०१-७४-१॥
yaḥ pareṣāṃ naro nityamativādāṃstitikṣati। devayāni vijānīhi tena sarvamidaṃ jitam ॥01-74-1॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others; नरः (naraḥ) - man; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अतिवादान् (ativādān) - excessive speeches, abusive words; तितिक्षति (titikṣati) - endures, bears patiently; देवयानि (devayāni) - O Devayāni; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - know, understand; तेन (tena) - by him; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; इदम् (idam) - this; जितम् (jitam) - conquered, won;]
(The man who always endures the abusive speeches of others, O Devayāni, know that by him all this is conquered. (01-74-1))
O Devayāni, know that the man who always patiently endures the abusive words of others has conquered all this. (01-74-1)
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधं निगृह्णाति हयं यथा। स यन्तेत्युच्यते सद्भिर्न यो रश्मिषु लम्बते ॥०१-७४-२॥
yaḥ samutpatitaṃ krodhaṃ nigṛhṇāti hayaṃ yathā। sa yantetyucyate sadbhirna yo raśmiṣu lambate ॥01-74-2॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; समुत्पतितम् (samutpatitam) - risen up, sprung forth; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; निगृह्णाति (nigṛhṇāti) - restrains, holds back; हयम् (hayam) - a horse; यथा (yathā) - as, just as; सः (saḥ) - he; यन्ता (yantā) - controller, restrainer, driver; इति (iti) - thus; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the virtuous; न (na) - not; यः (yaḥ) - who; रश्मिषु (raśmiṣu) - on the reins; लम्बते (lambate) - hangs, clings;]
(Who restrains the risen-up anger, as a horse, he is called )
He who restrains anger when it has arisen, just as one restrains a horse, is called a true controller by the wise, not one who merely hangs on to the reins. (01-74-2)
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधमक्रोधेन निरस्यति। देवयानि विजानीहि तेन सर्वमिदं जितम् ॥०१-७४-३॥
yaḥ samutpatitaṁ krodhamakrodhena nirasyati। devayāni vijānīhi tena sarvamidaṁ jitam ॥01-74-3॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; समुत्पतितम् (samutpatitam) - risen up, sprung forth; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; अक्रोधेन (akrodhena) - by non-anger, by absence of anger; निरस्यति (nirasyati) - casts away, removes; देवयानि (devayāni) - O Devayani; विजानीहि (vijānīhi) - know, understand; तेन (tena) - by him; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; इदम् (idam) - this; जितम् (jitam) - conquered, won;]
(He who, the arisen anger, by non-anger casts away, O Devayani, know, by him all this is conquered. (01-74-3))
O Devayani, know that the one who casts away anger that has arisen by means of non-anger has conquered all this. (01-74-3)
यः समुत्पतितं क्रोधं क्षमयेह निरस्यति। यथोरगस्त्वचं जीर्णां स वै पुरुष उच्यते ॥०१-७४-४॥
yaḥ samutpatitaṃ krodhaṃ kṣamayeha nirasyati। yathoragastvacaṃ jīrṇāṃ sa vai puruṣa ucyate ॥01-74-4॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; समुत्पतितम् (samutpatitam) - risen up completely; क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger; क्षमया (kṣamayā) - by forbearance; इह (iha) - here; निरस्यति (nirasyati) - casts away; यथा (yathā) - just as; उरगः (uragaḥ) - serpent; त्वचम् (tvacam) - skin; जीर्णाम् (jīrṇām) - worn-out; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Who here casts away with forbearance the arisen anger, just as a serpent its worn-out skin, he indeed is called a man. (01-74-4))
He who, here, casts away arisen anger through forbearance, just as a serpent casts off its worn-out skin, is indeed called a true man. (01-74-4)
यः सन्धारयते मन्युं योऽतिवादांस्तितिक्षति। यश्च तप्तो न तपति दृढं सोऽर्थस्य भाजनम् ॥०१-७४-५॥
yaḥ sandhārayate manyuṃ yo'tivādāṃstitikṣati। yaśca tapto na tapati dṛḍhaṃ so'rthasya bhājanam ॥01-74-5॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; सन्धारयते (sandhārayate) - restrains, holds firmly; मन्युम् (manyum) - anger; यः (yaḥ) - who; अतिवादान् (ativādān) - excessive words, abusive speeches; तितिक्षति (titikṣati) - endures, bears patiently; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; तप्तः (taptaḥ) - heated, afflicted; न (na) - not; तपति (tapati) - heats, burns, torments; दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firmly, certainly; सः (saḥ) - he; अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth, purpose, advantage; भाजनम् (bhājanam) - vessel, fit recipient;]
(Who restrains anger, who endures excessive words, and who, heated, does not heat, firmly he is a vessel of wealth.)
He who restrains anger, patiently endures abusive words, and, though provoked, does not torment in return, is certainly a fit recipient of wealth and advantage. (01-74-5)
यो यजेदपरिश्रान्तो मासि मासि शतं समाः। न क्रुध्येद्यश्च सर्वस्य तयोरक्रोधनोऽधिकः ॥०१-७४-६॥
yo yajedapariśrānto māsi māsi śataṃ samāḥ। na krudhyedyaśca sarvasya tayorakrodhano'dhikaḥ ॥01-74-6॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; यजेत् (yajet) - would sacrifice; अपरिश्रान्तः (apariśrāntaḥ) - unwearied; मासि (māsi) - in a month; मासि (māsi) - in a month; शतम् (śatam) - a hundred; समाः (samāḥ) - years; न (na) - not; क्रुध्येत् (krudhyet) - would become angry; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - towards everyone; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two; अक्रोधनः (akrodhanaḥ) - angerless one; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - superior;]
(Who, unwearied, would sacrifice month by month for a hundred years, and who would not become angry with anyone, of those two the angerless one is superior. (01-74-6))
One man may sacrifice tirelessly every month for a hundred years, while another does not become angry with anyone. Of the two, the one free from anger is superior. (01-74-6)
यत्कुमाराः कुमार्यश्च वैरं कुर्युरचेतसः। न तत्प्राज्ञोऽनुकुर्वीत विदुस्ते न बलाबलम् ॥०१-७४-७॥
yatkumārāḥ kumāryaśca vairaṃ kuryuracetasaḥ। na tatprājño'nukurvīta viduste na balābalam ॥01-74-7॥
[यत् (yat) - what; that which; कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - boys; young princes; youths; कुमार्यः (kumāryaḥ) - girls; maidens; च (ca) - and; वैरम् (vairam) - enmity; hostility; कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they may do; they may make; अचेतसः (acetasaḥ) - mindless; lacking discernment; न (na) - not; तत् (tat) - that; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise one; one endowed with understanding; अनुकुर्वीत (anukurvīta) - should imitate; should do after; विदुः (viduḥ) - they know; ते (te) - they; न (na) - not; बलाबलम् (balābalam) - strength and weakness; relative power;]
(What enmity senseless boys and girls may make, that a wise one should not imitate; they do not know strength and weakness. (01-74-7))
A wise person should not imitate the hostility that thoughtless boys and girls may engage in; they do not understand relative strength and weakness. (01-74-7)
देवयान्युवाच॥
devayānyuvāca॥
[देवयानी (devayānī) - Devayānī; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Devayānī said.)
Devayānī said.
वेदाहं तात बालापि धर्माणां यदिहान्तरम्। अक्रोधे चातिवादे च वेद चापि बलाबलम् ॥०१-७४-८॥
vedāhaṃ tāta bālāpi dharmāṇāṃ yadihāntaram। akrodhe cātivāde ca veda cāpi balābalam ॥01-74-8॥
[वेद (veda) - I know; अहम् (aham) - I; तात (tāta) - dear father; बाला (bālā) - young girl; अपि (api) - even though; धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of dharmas, duties, principles of right conduct; यत् (yat) - what; इह (iha) - here; अन्तरम् (antaram) - difference, distinction; अक्रोधे (akrodhe) - in non-anger; च (ca) - and; अतिवादे (ativāde) - in excessive speech, over-speaking; च (ca) - and; वेद (veda) - I know; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; बलाबलम् (balābalam) - strength and weakness, relative force;]
(I know, dear father, though young, what here is the distinction among dharmas, and in non-anger and in excessive speech, and I know also strength and weakness. (01-74-8))
Dear father, though I am young, I know what distinction exists here among dharmas; I also know the relative strength and weakness involved in non-anger and excessive speech. (01-74-8)
शिष्यस्याशिष्यवृत्तेर्हि न क्षन्तव्यं बुभूषता। तस्मात्सङ्कीर्णवृत्तेषु वासो मम न रोचते ॥०१-७४-९॥
śiṣyasyāśiṣyavr̥tterhi na kṣantavyaṁ bubhūṣatā। tasmātsaṅkīrṇavr̥tteṣu vāso mama na rocate ॥01-74-9॥
[शिष्यस्य (śiṣyasya) - of a disciple; अशिष्य (aśiṣya) - not disciple-like, unworthy of a disciple; वृत्तेः (vr̥tteḥ) - conduct, behavior; हि (hi) - for, indeed; न (na) - not; क्षन्तव्यं (kṣantavyam) - to be forgiven, to be endured; बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by one wishing to prosper or become; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that; सङ्कीर्ण (saṅkīrṇa) - mixed, confused, intermingled; वृत्तेषु (vr̥tteṣu) - among those of conduct or behavior; वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence; मम (mama) - my, to me; न (na) - not; रोचते (rocate) - is pleasing, shines forth as agreeable;]
(For, the non-disciple-like conduct of a disciple is not to be forgiven by one wishing to prosper; therefore, among those of mixed conduct, dwelling does not please me. (01-74-9))
For one who wishes to prosper should not forgive a disciple’s conduct that is unworthy of a disciple. Therefore, living among people of mixed conduct does not please me. (01-74-9)
पुमांसो ये हि निन्दन्ति वृत्तेनाभिजनेन च। न तेषु निवसेत्प्राज्ञः श्रेयोर्थी पापबुद्धिषु ॥०१-७४-१०॥
pumāṁso ye hi nindanti vr̥ttenābhijanena ca। na teṣu nivasetprājñaḥ śreyorthī pāpabuddhiṣu ॥01-74-10॥
[पुमांसः (pumāṁsaḥ) - men; ये (ye) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; निन्दन्ति (nindanti) - censure; वृत्तेन (vr̥ttena) - by conduct; अभिजनेन (abhijanena) - by noble birth; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; तेषु (teṣu) - among those; निवसेत् (nivaset) - should dwell; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - the wise one; श्रेयः-अर्थी (śreyaḥ-arthī) - seeking the better good; पाप-बुद्धिषु (pāpa-buddhiṣu) - among those of sinful intellect;]
(Indeed, those men who censure by conduct and by noble birth, among those of sinful intellect the wise one, seeking the better good, should not dwell. (01-74-10))
A wise person seeking what is best should not live among those sinful-minded men who criticize others on account of conduct and noble birth. (01-74-10)
ये त्वेनमभिजानन्ति वृत्तेनाभिजनेन च। तेषु साधुषु वस्तव्यं स वासः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते ॥०१-७४-११॥
ye tvenamabhijānanti vṛttenābhijanena ca। teṣu sādhuṣu vastavyaṃ sa vāsaḥ śreṣṭha ucyate ॥01-74-11॥
[ये (ye) - those who; तु (tu) - however; एनम् (enam) - him, this one; अभिजानन्ति (abhijānanti) - know distinctly, recognize; वृत्तेन (vṛttena) - by conduct, by way of life; अभिजनेन (abhijanena) - by lineage, by noble family; च (ca) - and; तेषु (teṣu) - among those; साधुषु (sādhuṣu) - good people, virtuous people; वस्तव्यम् (vastavyam) - to be dwelt, one should dwell; सः (saḥ) - that; वासः (vāsaḥ) - dwelling, residence; श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, most excellent; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called;]
(Those, however, know him by conduct and by lineage; among those good people one should dwell; that dwelling is called best. (01-74-11))
One should live among those virtuous people who recognize him by his conduct and lineage; such a residence is called the best. (01-74-11)
वाग्दुरुक्तं महाघोरं दुहितुर्वृषपर्वणः। न ह्यतो दुष्करतरं मन्ये लोकेष्वपि त्रिषु ॥ यः सपत्नश्रियं दीप्तां हीनश्रीः पर्युपासते ॥०१-७४-१२॥
vāgduruktaṁ mahāghoraṁ duhiturvr̥ṣaparvaṇaḥ। na hyato duṣkarataraṁ manye lokeṣvapi triṣu ॥ yaḥ sapatnaśriyaṁ dīptāṁ hīnaśrīḥ paryupāsate ॥01-74-12॥
[वाक् + दुरुक्तम् (vāk + duruktam) - speech + ill-uttered; महा + घोरम् (mahā + ghoram) - greatly + terrible; दुहितुः (duhituḥ) - of the daughter; वृषपर्वणः (vr̥ṣaparvaṇaḥ) - of Vṛṣaparvan; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - for; अतः (ataḥ) - than this; दुष्करतरम् (duṣkarataram) - more difficult to do; मन्ये (manye) - I think; लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in worlds; अपि (api) - even; त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three; यः (yaḥ) - who; सपत्न + श्रियम् (sapatna + śriyam) - rival + prosperity; दीप्ताम् (dīptām) - blazing; हीन + श्रीः (hīna + śrīḥ) - bereft + prosperity; परि + उपासते (pari + upāsate) - attends upon;]
(The ill-uttered speech, very terrible, of the daughter of Vṛṣaparvan, for I do not consider anything more difficult than this even in the three worlds, he who, bereft of prosperity, attends upon the blazing prosperity of a rival. (01-74-12))
The very terrible insult spoken by the daughter of Vṛṣaparvan is, I think, harder to bear than anything else even in the three worlds: one who has lost her own prosperity must wait upon the radiant prosperity of a rival. (01-74-12)
