01.082
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (the name of the sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Vaiśampāyana said;)
Vaiśampāyana said.
स्वर्गतः स तु राजेन्द्रो निवसन्देवसद्मनि। पूजितस्त्रिदशैः साध्यैर्मरुद्भिर्वसुभिस्तथा ॥०१-८२-१॥
svargataḥ sa tu rājendro nivasan devasadmani। pūjitas tridaśaiḥ sādhyair marudbhir vasubhis tathā ॥01-82-1॥
[स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - having gone to heaven; स (sa) - he; तु (tu) - but; राजेन्द्रः (rājendraḥ) - king (the best among kings); निवसन् (nivasan) - dwelling; देवसद्मनि (devasadmani) - in the abode of the gods; पूजितः (pūjitaḥ) - honored; त्रिदशैः (tridaśaiḥ) - by the thirty gods; साध्यैः (sādhyaiḥ) - by the Sādhyas; मरुद्भिः (marudbhiḥ) - by the Maruts; वसुभिः (vasubhiḥ) - by the Vasus; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Having gone to heaven, he, the king, dwelling in the abode of the gods, is honored by the thirty gods, by the Sādhyas, by the Maruts, and also by the Vasus.)
Having gone to heaven, the king dwells in the abode of the gods, honored by the thirty gods, Sādhyas, Maruts, and Vasus. (01-82-1)
देवलोकाद्ब्रह्मलोकं सञ्चरन्पुण्यकृद्वशी। अवसत्पृथिवीपालो दीर्घकालमिति श्रुतिः ॥०१-८२-२॥
devalokādbrahmalokaṃ sañcaranpuṇyakṛdvaśī। avasatpṛthivīpālo dīrghakālamiti śrutiḥ ॥01-82-2॥
[देवलोकात् (devalokāt) - from the world of the gods; ब्रह्मलोकं (brahmalokam) - to the world of Brahma; सञ्चरन् (sañcaran) - moving about; पुण्यकृत् (puṇyakṛt) - one who performs meritorious deeds; वशी (vaśī) - self-controlled; अवसत् (avasat) - resided; पृथिवीपालः (pṛthivīpālaḥ) - earth-ruler; king; दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time; इति (iti) - thus; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - tradition; it is heard;]
(From the world of the gods to the world of Brahma, moving about, the performer of meritorious deeds, self-controlled, the earth-ruler resided for a long time; thus it is heard.)
It is thus heard in tradition: The king, self-controlled and meritorious, moved from the world of the gods to the world of Brahma and resided there for a long time. (01-82-2)
स कदाचिन्नृपश्रेष्ठो ययातिः शक्रमागमत्। कथान्ते तत्र शक्रेण पृष्टः स पृथिवीपतिः ॥०१-८२-३॥
sa kadācin nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ yayātiḥ śakram āgamat। kathānte tatra śakreṇa pṛṣṭaḥ sa pṛthivīpatiḥ॥01-82-3॥
[स (sa) - he; कदाचित् (kadācit) - once; नृपश्रेष्ठः (nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ) - best among kings; ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati; शक्रम् (śakram) - Indra; आगमत् (āgamat) - approached; कथान्ते (kathānte) - at the end of the conversation; तत्र (tatra) - there; शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra; पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - was asked; स (sa) - he; पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - the lord of the earth;]
(He once best among kings Yayati approached Indra. At the end of the conversation, there by Indra was asked he, the lord of the earth. (01-82-3))
Once, the best among kings, Yayati, approached Indra. At the end of their conversation, there, he—the lord of the earth—was asked by Indra. (01-82-3)
शक्र उवाच॥
śakra uvāca॥
[शक्र (śakra) - Indra (the lord of the gods); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Indra said.)
Indra said.
यदा स पूरुस्तव रूपेण राज; ञ्जरां गृहीत्वा प्रचचार भूमौ। तदा राज्यं सम्प्रदायैव तस्मै; त्वया किमुक्तः कथयेह सत्यम्॥०१-८२-४॥
yadā sa pūrus tava rūpeṇa rāja; ñjarāṃ gṛhītvā pracakāra bhūmau. tadā rājyaṃ sampradāyaiva tasmai; tvayā kim uktaḥ kathayeha satyam॥01-82-4॥
[यदा (yadā) - when;, सः (saḥ) - he;, पूरुः (pūruḥ) - Puru (proper noun);, तव (tava) - your;, रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - in the form;, राजञ्जरां (rājanñjarāṃ) - kingly insignia;, गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken;, प्रचचार (pracakāra) - roamed;, भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth;, तदा (tadā) - then;, राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom;, सम्प्रदाय (sampradāya) - having delivered;, एव (eva) - indeed;, तस्मै (tasmai) - to him;, त्वया (tvayā) - by you;, किम् (kim) - what;, उक्तः (uktaḥ) - was said;, कथय (kathaya) - tell;, इह (iha) - here;, सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth;]
(When he, Puru, in your form, having taken the kingly insignia, roamed on the earth, then having indeed delivered the kingdom to him, what was said by you? Tell here the truth.)
When Puru, taking your form and bearing the royal insignia, roamed the earth, and then you indeed handed over the kingdom to him, what did you say? Speak the truth here. (01-82-4)
ययातिरुवाच॥
yayātir uvāca॥
[ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti; (proper noun, name of a king); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Yayāti said;)
Yayāti said.
गङ्गायमुनयोर्मध्ये कृत्स्नोऽयं विषयस्तव। मध्ये पृथिव्यास्त्वं राजा भ्रातरोऽन्त्याधिपास्तव ॥०१-८२-५॥
gaṅgā-yamunayor-madhye kṛtsno 'yaṃ viṣayas-tava। madhye pṛthivyās tvaṃ rājā bhrātaras antyādhipās tava ॥01-82-5॥
[गङ्गा-यमुनयोः (gaṅgā-yamunayoh) - of Gaṅgā and Yamunā; मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst; कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - entire; अयम् (ayam) - this; विषयः (viṣayaḥ) - territory; तव (tava) - your; मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst; पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth; त्वम् (tvam) - you; राजा (rājā) - king; भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers; अन्त्याधिपाः (antyādhipāḥ) - lords of the borders; तव (tava) - your;]
(Of Gaṅgā and Yamunā in the midst, entire this territory your. In the midst of the earth you (are) king, brothers lords of the borders your.)
This entire territory of yours lies between the Gaṅgā and Yamunā. In the midst of the earth, you are the king, and your brothers are the rulers of the borders. (01-82-5)
अक्रोधनः क्रोधनेभ्यो विशिष्ट; स्तथा तितिक्षुरतितिक्षोर्विशिष्टः। अमानुषेभ्यो मानुषाश्च प्रधाना; विद्वांस्तथैवाविदुषः प्रधानः ॥०१-८२-६॥
akrodhanaḥ krodhanebhyo viśiṣṭaḥ; stathā titikṣur-atitikṣor-viśiṣṭaḥ। amānuṣebhyo mānuṣāś-ca pradhānā; vidvāṃs-tathaivāviduṣaḥ pradhānaḥ॥01-82-6॥
[अक्रोधनः (akrodhanaḥ) - one free from anger; क्रोधनेभ्यः (krodhanebhyaḥ) - than the angry ones; विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - superior; स्तथा (stathā) - similarly; तितिक्षुः (titikṣuḥ) - the patient one; अतितिक्षोः (atitikṣoḥ) - than the impatient one; विशिष्टः (viśiṣṭaḥ) - superior; अमानुषेभ्यः (amānuṣebhyaḥ) - than the non-humans; मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - humans; च (ca) - and; प्रधाना (pradhānā) - preeminent; विद्वान् (vidvān) - the wise one; तथैव (tathaiva) - just so; अविदुषः (aviduṣaḥ) - than the unwise one; प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - preeminent;]
(The one free from anger is superior to those who are angry; similarly, the patient one is superior to the impatient. Humans are preeminent among non-humans; just so, the wise one is preeminent over the unwise.)
A person without anger is superior to the angry; likewise, the patient is better than the impatient. Humans are superior to non-humans, and the wise are likewise preeminent over the unwise. (01-82-6)
आक्रुश्यमानो नाक्रोशेन्मन्युरेव तितिक्षतः। आक्रोष्टारं निर्दहति सुकृतं चास्य विन्दति ॥०१-८२-७॥
ākruśyamāno nākrośen manyur eva titikṣataḥ। ākroṣṭāraṃ nirdahati sukṛtaṃ cāsya vindati॥01-82-7॥
[आक्रुश्यमानः (ākruśyamānaḥ) - being reviled; न (na) - not; आक्रोशेत् (ākrośet) - should revile; मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger; एव (eva) - indeed; तितिक्षतः (titikṣataḥ) - of the one who endures; आक्रोष्टारं (ākroṣṭāram) - the reviler; निर्दहति (nirdahati) - burns; सुकृतं (sukṛtam) - good deed; च (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - of him; विन्दति (vindati) - acquires;]
(Being reviled, one should not revile; anger indeed (of) the one who endures burns the reviler and he acquires good deed.)
When one is reviled, one should not revile in return; for the anger of the person who endures burns the reviler, and he attains merit. (01-82-7)
नारुन्तुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी; न हीनतः परमभ्याददीत। ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत; न तां वदेद्रुशतीं पापलोक्याम् ॥०१-८२-८॥
nāruntudaḥ syān na nṛśaṁsavādī; na hīnataḥ param abhyādadīta. yayā asya vācā para udvijeta; na tāṁ vaded ruśatīṁ pāpalokyām ॥01-82-8॥
[नारुन्तुदः (nāruntudaḥ) - not-harsh-speech-person; स्यान्न (syān na) - should be not; नृशंसवादी (nṛśaṁsavādī) - cruel-speaker; न (na) - not; हीनतः (hīnataḥ) - from-inferior-person; परमभ्याददीत (param abhyādadīta) - should accept-from-superior; यया (yayā) - by which (speech); अस्य (asya) - his; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; पर (para) - another; उद्विजेत (udvijeta) - would be agitated; न (na) - not; तां (tāṁ) - that (speech); वदेत् (vadet) - should speak; रुशतीं (ruśatīṁ) - wounding; पापलोक्याम् (pāpalokyām) - leading-to-evil-realms;]
(One should not be a person of harsh speech, should not be a cruel-speaker; nor should one accept from someone inferior to oneself. That speech, by which another would be agitated, one should not speak that, wounding, leading to evil realms.)
One should not use harsh words or be a cruel speaker; nor should one accept gifts from an inferior. As for words by which another would be disturbed, one should not utter such hurtful speech that leads to evil destinies. (1-82-8)
अरुन्तुदं पुरुषं रूक्षवाचं; वाक्कण्टकैर्वितुदन्तं मनुष्यान्। विद्यादलक्ष्मीकतमं जनानां; मुखे निबद्धां निरृतिं वहन्तम् ॥०१-८२-९॥
aruntudaṃ puruṣaṃ rūkṣavācaṃ; vāk-kaṇṭakair vitudantaṃ manuṣyān. vidyād alakṣmī-katamaṃ janānāṃ; mukhe nibaddhāṃ nirṛtiṃ vahantam ॥01-82-9॥
[अरुन्तुदं (aruntudam) - pain-causing; पुरुषं (puruṣam) - person; रूक्षवाचं (rūkṣavācam) - having harsh speech; वाक्कण्टकैः (vāk-kaṇṭakaiḥ) - with speech-thorns; वितुदन्तं (vitudantam) - striking; मनुष्यान् (manuṣyān) - people; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know; अलक्ष्मीकतमं (alakṣmī-katamam) - most devoid of fortune; जनानां (janānām) - of people; मुखे (mukhe) - in the mouth; निबद्धां (nibaddhām) - bound; निरृतिं (nirṛtim) - misfortune; वहन्तम् (vahantam) - carrying;]
(A pain-causing person, of harsh speech, striking people with the thorns of speech, should be known as the most devoid of fortune among people, carrying misfortune bound in the mouth.)
A person who causes pain, speaks harshly, and wounds others with sharp words should be recognized as the most inauspicious among people, bearing misfortune tied in his mouth. (01-82-9)
सद्भिः पुरस्तादभिपूजितः स्या; त्सद्भिस्तथा पृष्ठतो रक्षितः स्यात्। सदासतामतिवादांस्तितिक्षे; त्सतां वृत्तं चाददीतार्यवृत्तः ॥०१-८२-१०॥
sadbhih́ purastād abhipūjitaḥ syāt; sadbhis tathā pṛṣṭhato rakṣitaḥ syāt. sadā satām ativādāṃs titikṣet; satāṃ vṛttaṃ cādadīt āryavṛttaḥ ॥01-82-10॥
[सद्भिः (sadbhih́) - by the good; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front; अभिपूजितः (abhipūjitaḥ) - honored; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; सद्भिः (sadbhih́) - by the good; तथा (tathā) - likewise; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind; रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; सदा (sadā) - always; सताम् (satām) - of the good; अतिवादान् (ativādān) - harsh words; तितिक्षेत् (titikṣet) - should endure; सताम् (satām) - of the good; वृत्तं (vṛttam) - conduct; च (ca) - and; आददीत (ādadīta) - should accept; आर्यवृत्तः (āryavṛttaḥ) - one of noble conduct;]
(By the good, in front, honored should be; by the good, likewise, behind, protected should be. Always of the good, harsh words should endure; of the good, conduct and should accept, one of noble conduct.)
He should be honored by good people in front, and likewise protected by the good from behind. An ārya (noble one) should always endure the harsh words of the virtuous and adopt the conduct of the good. (01-82-10)
वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति; यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि। परस्य वा मर्मसु ये पतन्ति; तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेषु ॥०१-८२-११॥
vāksāyakā vadanān niṣpatanti; yair āhataḥ śocati rātry ahāni. parasya vā marmasu ye patanti; tān paṇḍito nāvasṛjet pareṣu ॥01-82-11॥
[वाक्सायका (vāksāyakā) - missiles of speech; वदनात् (vadanāt) - from the mouth; निष्पतन्ति (niṣpatanti) - come forth; यैः (yaiḥ) - by which; आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck; शोचति (śocati) - suffers; रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - nights and days; परस्य (parasya) - of another; वा (vā) - or; मर्मसु (marmasu) - in the vital spots; ये (ye) - which; पतन्ति (patanti) - fall; तान् (tān) - them; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the wise man; न (na) - not; अवसृजेत् (avasṛjet) - should send forth; परेषु (pareṣu) - towards others;]
(Missiles of speech from the mouth come forth; by which, struck, he suffers nights and days. Into the vital spots of another, which fall, those the wise man should not send forth towards others.)
Missiles of speech come from the mouth; by which, when struck, a person suffers day and night. The wise man should not direct those words that fall upon the vital points of another towards others. (01-82-11)
न हीदृशं संवननं त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते। यथा मैत्री च भूतेषु दानं च मधुरा च वाक् ॥०१-८२-१२॥
na hīdṛśaṃ saṃvananaṃ triṣu lokeṣu vidyate। yathā maitrī ca bhūteṣu dānaṃ ca madhurā ca vāk ॥01-82-12॥
[न (na) (na) - not; हि (hi) (hi) - indeed; ईदृशं (īdṛśam) (īdṛśam) - such as this; संवननं (saṃvananam) (saṃvananam) - reverence; त्रिषु (triṣu) (triṣu) - in the three; लोकेषु (lokeṣu) (lokeṣu) - worlds; विद्यते (vidyate) (vidyate) - exists; यथा (yathā) (yathā) - as; मैत्री (maitrī) (maitrī) - friendship; च (ca) (ca) - and; भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) (bhūteṣu) - among beings; दानं (dānam) (dānam) - giving; च (ca) (ca) - and; मधुरा (madhurā) (madhurā) - sweet; च (ca) (ca) - and; वाक् (vāk) (vāk) - speech;]
(Not indeed such reverence in the three worlds exists as friendship and among beings, giving and sweet speech.)
Nowhere in the three worlds does such reverence exist as do friendship among beings, generosity, and sweet speech. (01-82-12)
तस्मात्सान्त्वं सदा वाच्यं न वाच्यं परुषं क्वचित्। पूज्यान्सम्पूजयेद्दद्यान्न च याचेत्कदाचन ॥०१-८२-१३॥
tasmātsāntvaṃ sadā vācyaṃ na vācyaṃ paruṣaṃ kvacit। pūjyānsampūjayed dadyān na ca yācet kadācana॥01-82-13॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; सान्त्वं (sāntvam) - gentle speech; सदा (sadā) - always; वाच्यं (vācyaṃ) - should be spoken; न (na) - not; वाच्यं (vācyaṃ) - should be spoken; परुषं (paruṣam) - harsh; क्वचित् (kvacit) - at any time; पूज्यान् (pūjyān) - those who are worthy of honor; सम्पूजयेत् (sampūjayet) - should honor thoroughly; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; याचेत् (yācet) - should ask; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time;]
(Therefore, gentle speech always should be spoken; harsh should not be spoken at any time. Those worthy of honor should be thoroughly honored, should give, and should not ask at any time.)
Therefore, one should always speak gently and never speak harshly at any time. One should always honor those worthy of respect, give to others, and never ask for anything at any time. (01-82-13)
