03.197
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya; (sage's name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Mārkaṇḍeya said;)
Mārkaṇḍeya said.
कश्चिद्द्विजातिप्रवरो वेदाध्यायी तपोधनः। तपस्वी धर्मशीलश्च कौशिको नाम भारत ॥०३-१९७-१॥
kaścid-dvijāti-pravaro vedādhyāyī tapodhanaḥ। tapasvī dharmaśīlaś-ca kauśiko nāma bhārata ॥03-197-1॥
[कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; द्विजातिप्रवरो (dvijāti-pravaraḥ) - the foremost among the twice-born; वेदाध्यायी (vedādhyāyī) - reciter of the Vedas; तपोधनः (tapodhanaḥ) - one whose wealth is austerity; तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic; धर्मशीलः (dharmaśīlaḥ) - of righteous character; च (ca) - and; कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika (proper name); नाम (nāma) - named; भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata;]
(Someone, the foremost among the twice-born, reciter of the Vedas, whose wealth is austerity; ascetic, of righteous character and (named) Kauśika, O descendant of Bharata.)
O Bharata, there was someone named Kauśika, the foremost among the twice-born, a reciter of the Vedas, endowed with austerity, an ascetic and of righteous character. (03-197-1)
साङ्गोपनिषदान्वेदानधीते द्विजसत्तमः। स वृक्षमूले कस्मिंश्चिद्वेदानुच्चारयन्स्थितः ॥०३-१९७-२॥
sāṅgopaniṣadān vedān adhīte dvija-sattamaḥ। sa vṛkṣa-mūle kasmiṁścid vedān uccārayan sthitaḥ ॥03-197-2॥
[साङ्गोपनिषदान् (sāṅgopaniṣadān) - together-with-the-upaniṣads; (i.e., along with the upaniṣads;) वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas; (accusative plural of veda;) अधीते (adhīte) - studies; (reads, recites;) द्विजसत्तमः (dvija-sattamaḥ) - the best among the twice-born; (best Brāhmaṇa;) स (sa) - he; वृक्षमूले (vṛkṣa-mūle) - at the root of a tree; कस्मिंश्चित् (kasmiṁścit) - at a certain (place); (somewhere;) वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas; उच्चारयन् (uccārayan) - reciting aloud; (utteringly;) स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing;]
(The best among twice-born studies the Vedas together with the Upaniṣads; he, standing at the root of a tree at some (place), reciting the Vedas.)
The foremost among the twice-born studies the Vedas along with the Upaniṣads; standing at the root of a tree somewhere, he recites the Vedas. (03-197-2)
उपरिष्टाच्च वृक्षस्य बलाका संन्यलीयत। तया पुरीषमुत्सृष्टं ब्राह्मणस्य तदोपरि ॥०३-१९७-३॥
upariṣṭācca vṛkṣasya balākā saṃnyalīyata। tayā purīṣam utsṛṣṭaṃ brāhmaṇasya tadopari ॥03-197-3॥
[उपरिष्टात् (upariṣṭāt) - from above; च (ca) - and; वृक्षस्य (vṛkṣasya) - of the tree; बलाका (balākā) - crane; संप्न्यलीयत (saṃnyalīyata) - came to rest; तया (tayā) - by her; पुरीषम् (purīṣam) - excrement; उत्सृष्टम् (utsṛṣṭam) - was released; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brāhmaṇa; तत् (tat) - that; उपरि (upari) - upon;]
(And from above the tree, a crane came to rest. By her, excrement was released upon that Brāhmaṇa.)
Above the tree, a crane settled, and she dropped excrement right upon the Brāhmaṇa. (03-197-3)
तामवेक्ष्य ततः क्रुद्धः समपध्यायत द्विजः। भृशं क्रोधाभिभूतेन बलाका सा निरीक्षिता ॥०३-१९७-४॥
tām avekṣya tataḥ kruddhaḥ samapadhyāyata dvijaḥ। bhṛśaṃ krodhābhibhūtena balākā sā nirīkṣitā ॥03-197-4॥
[ताम् (tām) - her; अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen; ततः (tataḥ) - then; from that; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; समपध्यायत (samapadhyāyata) - reflected; pondered; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (brāhmaṇa); भृशं (bhṛśam) - intensely; exceedingly; क्रोधाभिभूतेन (krodhābhibhūtena) - overpowered by anger; बलाका (balākā) - the heron; सा (sā) - she; निरीक्षिता (nirīkṣitā) - was gazed at; was looked at;]
(Her having seen, then, angry, reflected the twice-born. Intensely, by one overpowered by anger, the heron she was gazed at.)
Seeing her, then angry, the twice-born reflected. The heron was intensely gazed at by one overpowered by anger. (03-197-4)
अपध्याता च विप्रेण न्यपतद्वसुधातले। बलाकां पतितां दृष्ट्वा गतसत्त्वामचेतनाम् ॥ कारुण्यादभिसन्तप्तः पर्यशोचत तां द्विजः ॥०३-१९७-५॥
apadhyātā ca vipreṇa nyapatad vasudhātale. balākāṃ patitāṃ dṛṣṭvā gata-sattvām acetanām॥ kāruṇyād abhisantaptaḥ paryaśocata tāṃ dvijaḥ॥03-197-5॥
[अपध्याता (apadhyātā) - cursed; च (ca) - and; विप्रेण (vipreṇa) - by the brāhmaṇa; न्यपतद् (nyapatat) - fell down; वसुधातले (vasudhātale) - on the surface of the earth; बलाकां (balākām) - the crane; पतितां (patitām) - fallen; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; गतसत्त्वाम् (gata-sattvām) - whose vitality was gone; अचेतनाम् (acetanām) - unconscious; कारुण्यात् (kāruṇyāt) - out of compassion; अभिसन्तप्तः (abhisantaptaḥ) - deeply pained; पर्यशोचत (paryaśocata) - grieved; तां (tām) - her; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the brāhmaṇa;]
(Cursed and by the brāhmaṇa, fell down on the surface of the earth. The crane, fallen, having seen (her), whose vitality was gone, unconscious; out of compassion, deeply pained, grieved her, the brāhmaṇa.)
Cursed by the brāhmaṇa, she fell to the ground. Seeing the crane fallen, lifeless and unconscious, the brāhmaṇa, deeply moved by compassion, grieved for her. (03-197-5)
अकार्यं कृतवानस्मि रागद्वेषबलात्कृतः। इत्युक्त्वा बहुशो विद्वान्ग्रामं भैक्षाय संश्रितः ॥०३-१९७-६॥
akāryaṃ kṛtavānasmi rāga-dveṣa-balāt kṛtaḥ। ity uktvā bahuśo vidvān grāmaṃ bhaikṣāya saṃśritaḥ ॥03-197-6॥
[अकार्यं (akāryam) - improper act; कृतवान् (kṛtavān) - having done; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; रागद्वेषबलात् (rāga-dveṣa-balāt) - due to the force of attachment (rāga) and aversion (dveṣa); कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done; (here: caused, made to do); इति (iti) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said; बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times; विद्वान् (vidvān) - the learned one; ग्रामं (grāmam) - village; भैक्षाय (bhaikṣāya) - for alms; संश्रितः (saṃśritaḥ) - having resorted;]
(Improper act having done I am, due to the power of attachment and aversion, caused; thus having said many times, the learned one (having) resorted to the village for alms.)
Having repeatedly said, "I have committed an improper act, made so by the power of attachment and aversion," the learned one resorted to a village for alms. (03-197-6)
ग्रामे शुचीनि प्रचरन्कुलानि भरतर्षभ। प्रविष्टस्तत्कुलं यत्र पूर्वं चरितवांस्तु सः ॥०३-१९७-७॥
grāme śucīni pracaran kulāni bharatarṣabha। praviṣṭas tat-kulaṃ yatra pūrvaṃ caritavāṃs tu saḥ॥03-197-7॥
[ग्रामे (grāme) - in the village; शुचीनि (śucīni) - pure; प्रचरन् (pracaran) - moving about; कुलानि (kulāni) - families; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O bull among the Bharatas; प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - having entered; तत् (tat) - that; कुलं (kulaṃ) - family; यत्र (yatra) - where; पूर्वं (pūrvam) - earlier; चरितवान् (caritavān) - had dwelt; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(In the village, pure (ṛṣi) moving among families, O bull among the Bharatas, he, but, having entered that family where earlier he had dwelt.)
O best of the Bharatas, moving about in the pure village among families, he entered that very family where he had formerly lived. (03-197-7)
देहीति याचमानो वै तिष्ठेत्युक्तः स्त्रिया ततः। शौचं तु यावत्कुरुते भाजनस्य कुटुम्बिनी ॥०३-१९७-८॥
dehīti yācamāno vai tiṣṭhety uktaḥ striyā tataḥ। śaucaṃ tu yāvat kurute bhājanasya kuṭumbinī ॥03-197-8॥
[देहीति (dehīti) - ‘give’ thus; याचमानः (yācamānaḥ) - begging; वै (vai) - indeed; तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand; इति (iti) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; स्त्रिया (striyā) - by the woman; ततः (tataḥ) - then; शौचं (śaucaṃ) - cleaning; तु (tu) - indeed; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; कुरुते (kurute) - she performs; भाजनस्य (bhājanasya) - of the vessel; कुटुम्बिनी (kuṭumbinī) - housewife;]
(‘Give,’ begging indeed, ‘stand,’ thus addressed by the woman then; cleaning indeed as long as she performs of the vessel, the housewife.)
When begging with the words ‘Give’, and being told ‘Wait’ by the woman, the housewife cleans the vessel as long as necessary. (03-197-8)
एतस्मिन्नन्तरे राजन्क्षुधासम्पीडितो भृशम्। भर्ता प्रविष्टः सहसा तस्या भरतसत्तम ॥०३-१९७-९॥
etasminn-antare rājan-kṣudhā-sampīḍito bhṛśam| bhartā praviṣṭaḥ sahasā tasyā bharata-sattama ॥03-197-9॥
[एतस्मिन् अन्तरे (etasmin antare) - in the meantime; राजन् (rājan) - O King; क्षुधा सम्पीडितः (kṣudhā sampīḍitaḥ) - oppressed by hunger; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - severely; भर्ता (bhartā) - the husband; प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - entered; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; तस्या (tasyāḥ) - her; भरतसत्तम (bharata-sattama) - best among the Bharatas;]
(In the meantime, O King, severely oppressed by hunger, the husband suddenly entered her, best among the Bharatas.)
Meanwhile, O King, severely oppressed by hunger, her husband, best among the Bharatas, suddenly entered. (03-197-9)
सा तु दृष्ट्वा पतिं साध्वी ब्राह्मणं व्यपहाय तम्। पाद्यमाचमनीयं च ददौ भर्त्रे तथासनम् ॥०३-१९७-१०॥
sā tu dṛṣṭvā patiṃ sādhvī brāhmaṇaṃ vyapahāya tam। pādyam ācamanīyaṃ ca dadau bhartre tathāsanam॥03-197-10॥
[सा (sā) - she; तु (tu) - but; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; पतिं (patiṃ) - husband; साध्वी (sādhvī) - virtuous woman; ब्राह्मणं (brāhmaṇaṃ) - the brāhmaṇa; व्यपहाय (vyapahāya) - having set aside; तम् (tam) - him; पाद्यम् (pādyam) - water for washing feet; आचमनीयं (ācamanīyaṃ) - water for sipping; च (ca) - and; ददौ (dadau) - she gave; भर्त्रे (bhartre) - to the husband; तथा (tathā) - also; आसनम् (āsanam) - seat;]
(She but having seen husband, a virtuous woman, the brāhmaṇa having set aside him, water for washing feet, water for sipping and she gave to the husband also seat.)
But she, the virtuous woman, having seen her husband, set aside the brāhmaṇa, and gave to her husband water for washing his feet, water for sipping, and also a seat. (03-197-10)
प्रह्वा पर्यचरच्चापि भर्तारमसितेक्षणा। आहारेणाथ भक्ष्यैश्च वाक्यैः सुमधुरैस्तथा ॥०३-१९७-११॥
prahvā paryacaraccāpi bhartāram asitekṣaṇā। āhāreṇātha bhakṣyaiś ca vākyaiḥ sumadhurais tathā ॥03-197-11॥
[प्रह्वा (prahvā) - humble; पर्यचरत् (paryacarat) - served; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - her husband; असितेक्षणा (asitekṣaṇā) - the dark-eyed (woman); आहारेण (āhāreṇa) - with food; अथ (atha) - and; भक्ष्यैः (bhakṣyaiḥ) - with eatables; च (ca) - and; वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with words; सुमधुरैः (sumadhurais) - very sweet; तथा (tathā) - thus;]
(Humble served and also her husband the dark-eyed (woman), with food and with eatables and with words very sweet thus.)
The dark-eyed woman, humbly served her husband, by means of food, eatables, and likewise with very sweet words. (03-197-11)
उच्छिष्टं भुञ्जते भर्तुः सा तु नित्यं युधिष्ठिर। दैवतं च पतिं मेने भर्तुश्चित्तानुसारिणी ॥०३-१९७-१२॥
ucchiṣṭaṃ bhuñjate bhartuḥ sā tu nityaṃ yudhiṣṭhira। daivataṃ ca patiṃ mene bhartuś-cittānusāriṇī ॥03-197-12॥
[उच्छिष्टं (ucchiṣṭam) - eaten-left; (remnants or leavings of food as eaten by another); भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - she eats; (from root 'bhuj', to eat); भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of (her) husband; सा (sā) - she; तु (tu) - indeed; नित्यं (nityam) - always; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira; दैवतं (daivatam) - a deity; च (ca) - and; पतिं (patiṃ) - (her) husband; मेने (mene) - she considered; भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of (her) husband; चित्तानुसारिणी (cittānusāriṇī) - following the mind (of her husband);]
(She eats the remnants of her husband always, indeed, O Yudhiṣṭhira. She considered her husband as a deity and followed her husband’s mind.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, she always ate her husband's leftovers. She regarded her husband as a deity and acted according to his wishes. (03-197-12)
न कर्मणा न मनसा नात्यश्नान्नापि चापिबत्। तं सर्वभावोपगता पतिशुश्रूषणे रता ॥०३-१९७-१३॥
na karmaṇā na manasā nātyaśnān nāpi cāpibat। taṃ sarvabhāvopagatā patiśuśrūṣaṇe ratā ॥03-197-13॥
[न (na) - not; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action; न (na) - not; मनसा (manasā) - by mind; न (na) - not; अत्यश्नात् (aty-aśnāt) - did not eat excessively; न (na) - not; अपि (api) - even; च (ca) - and; अपिबत् (apibat) - did not drink; तं (taṃ) - him; सर्वभावोपगता (sarva-bhāva-upagatā) - one who had attained all states (who was fully devoted in all modes); पतिशुश्रूषणे (pati-śuśrūṣaṇe) - in serving the husband; रता (ratā) - engaged;]
(Not by action, not by mind, nor did she eat excessively, nor even did she drink; her, who had attained all states, engaged in service of the husband.)
She did not act, think, eat, or drink excessively; she, who was wholly devoted and engaged in the service of her husband. (03-197-13)
साध्वाचारा शुचिर्दक्षा कुटुम्बस्य हितैषिणी। भर्तुश्चापि हितं यत्तत्सततं सानुवर्तते ॥०३-१९७-१४॥
sādhvā-cārā śucir-dakṣā kuṭumbasya hitaiṣiṇī | bhartuś-cāpi hitaṃ yat-tat-satataṃ sānuvartrate ॥03-197-14॥
[साध्वाचारा (sādhvā-cārā) - of virtuous conduct; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; दक्षा (dakṣā) - skilful; कुटुम्बस्य (kuṭumbasya) - of the family; हितैषिणी (hitaiṣiṇī) - well-wisher; भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of her husband; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; हितम् (hitam) - welfare; यत् (yat) - whatever; तत् (tat) - that; सततम् (satatam) - always; सा (sā) - she; अनुवर्तते (anuvartrate) - follows;]
(Of virtuous conduct, pure, skilful, of the family the well-wisher; of her husband and also whatever welfare that always she follows.)
She is of virtuous conduct, pure, skilful, a well-wisher of her family; she always follows whatever is beneficial to her husband. (03-197-14)
देवतातिथिभृत्यानां श्वश्रूश्वशुरयोस्तथा। शुश्रूषणपरा नित्यं सततं संयतेन्द्रिया ॥०३-१९७-१५॥
devatātithibhṛtyānāṃ śvaśrūśvaśurayostathā। śuśrūṣaṇaparā nityaṃ satataṃ saṃyatendriyā ॥03-197-15॥
[देवता (devatā) - divinity; अतिथि (atithi) - guest; भृत्यानां (bhṛtyānāṃ) - of servants; श्वश्रू (śvaśrū) - mother-in-law; श्वशुरयोः (śvaśurayoḥ) - and father-in-law; तथा (tathā) - likewise; शुश्रूषणपरा (śuśrūṣaṇaparā) - devoted to service; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; सततम् (satatam) - constantly; संयत (saṃyata) - controlled; इन्द्रिया (indriyā) - senses;]
(To divinity, guests, servants, mother-in-law and father-in-law likewise, always and constantly devoted to service, with controlled senses.)
She is always devoted to serving divinity, guests, servants, as well as mother-in-law and father-in-law, constantly practicing self-restraint. (03-197-15)
सा ब्राह्मणं तदा दृष्ट्वा संस्थितं भैक्षकाङ्क्षिणम्। कुर्वती पतिशुश्रूषां सस्माराथ शुभेक्षणा ॥०३-१९७-१६॥
sā brāhmaṇaṃ tadā dṛṣṭvā saṃsthitaṃ bhaikṣakāṅkṣiṇam। kurvatī patiśuśrūṣāṃ sasmārātha śubhekṣaṇā ॥03-197-16॥
[सा (sā) (sā) - she; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) (brāhmaṇam) - the Brahmin; तदा (tadā) (tadā) - then; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; संस्थितम् (saṃsthitam) (saṃsthitam) - standing; भैक्षकाङ्क्षिणम् (bhaikṣakāṅkṣiṇam) (bhaikṣakāṅkṣiṇam) - seeking alms; कुर्वती (kurvatī) (kurvatī) - engaged in; पतिशुश्रूषाम् (patiśuśrūṣām) (patiśuśrūṣām) - service to her husband; सस्मार (sasmāra) (sasmāra) - she remembered; अथ (atha) (atha) - then; शुभेक्षणा (śubhekṣaṇā) (śubhekṣaṇā) - the auspicious-eyed woman;]
(She the Brahmin then having seen standing seeking alms engaged in service to her husband remembered then the auspicious-eyed woman.)
Then the auspicious-eyed woman, while serving her husband, saw the Brahmin standing there seeking alms and remembered (something or someone). (03-197-16)
व्रीडिता साभवत्साध्वी तदा भरतसत्तम। भिक्षामादाय विप्राय निर्जगाम यशस्विनी ॥०३-१९७-१७॥
vrīḍitā sābhavatsādhvī tadā bharatasattama. bhikṣāmādāya viprāya nirjagāma yaśasvinī ॥03-197-17॥
[व्रीडिता (vrīḍitā) - ashamed; सा (sā) - she; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; साध्वी (sādhvī) - virtuous woman; तदा (tadā) - then; भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O chief among the Bharatas; भिक्षाम् (bhikṣām) - alms; आदाय (ādāya) - having taken; विप्राय (viprāya) - to the brahmin; निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - she went out; यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - the illustrious one;]
(Ashamed, she became a virtuous woman then, O chief among the Bharatas; having taken alms for the brahmin, the illustrious one went out.)
O best of the Bharatas, then the illustrious and virtuous lady, feeling ashamed, having taken alms for the brahmin, went out. (03-197-17)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - the brāhmaṇa; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(the brāhmaṇa said;)
The brāhmaṇa said.
किमिदं भवति त्वं मां तिष्ठेत्युक्त्वा वराङ्गने। उपरोधं कृतवती न विसर्जितवत्यसि ॥०३-१९७-१८॥
kim idaṁ bhavati tvaṁ māṁ tiṣṭheti uktvā varāṅgane. uparodhaṁ kṛtavatī na visarjitavaty asi ॥03-197-18॥
[किम् (kim) - what; इदं (idaṁ) - this; भवति (bhavati) - is; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; मा (māṁ) - me; तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stand; इति (iti) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said; वराङ्गने (varāṅgane) - O beautiful-limbed one; उपरोधं (uparodham) - obstruction; कृतवती (kṛtavatī) - you have done; न (na) - not; विसर्जितवत्यसि (visarjitavaty asi) - you have released;]
(What is this, is it, you, me, 'stand'—having said, O beautiful-limbed one, obstruction you have done, not you have released.)
"What is this?"—saying thus, 'You, stand by me,' O beautiful-limbed one, you have obstructed me and have not let me go. (03-197-18)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Mārkaṇḍeya (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Mārkaṇḍeya said;)
Mārkaṇḍeya said.
ब्राह्मणं क्रोधसन्तप्तं ज्वलन्तमिव तेजसा। दृष्ट्वा साध्वी मनुष्येन्द्र सान्त्वपूर्वं वचोऽब्रवीत् ॥०३-१९७-१९॥
brāhmaṇaṃ krodha-santaptaṃ jvalantam iva tejasā। dṛṣṭvā sādhvī manuṣyendra sāntva-pūrvaṃ vaco 'bravīt ॥03-197-19॥
[ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brahmin; (accusative singular); क्रोधसन्तप्तम् (krodha-santaptam) - tormented by anger; ज्वलन्तम् (jvalantam) - blazing; इव (iva) - as if; like; तेजसा (tejasā) - by brilliance; by energy; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; साध्वी (sādhvī) - the virtuous woman; मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O king of men; सान्त्वपूर्वम् (sāntva-pūrvam) - with conciliatory (words); वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; words; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke; said;]
(Seeing the Brahmin tormented by anger, blazing as if by brilliance, the virtuous woman, O king of men, with conciliatory words, spoke speech.)
O king of men, seeing the Brahmin tormented by anger and blazing with brilliance, the virtuous woman spoke to him with gentle, conciliatory words. (03-197-19)
क्षन्तुमर्हसि मे विप्र भर्ता मे दैवतं महत्। स चापि क्षुधितः श्रान्तः प्राप्तः शुश्रूषितो मया ॥०३-१९७-२०॥
kṣantum arhasi me vipra bhartā me daivataṃ mahat। sa cāpi kṣudhitaḥ śrāntaḥ prāptaḥ śuśrūṣito mayā ॥03-197-20॥
[क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; मे (me) - to me; विप्र (vipra) - O Brāhmaṇa; भर्ता (bhartā) - husband; मे (me) - my; दैवतं (daivataṃ) - divinity; महत् (mahat) - great; सः (saḥ) - he; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; क्षुधितः (kṣudhitaḥ) - hungry; श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; शुश्रूषितः (śuśrūṣitaḥ) - served; मया (mayā) - by me;]
(O Brāhmaṇa, you ought to forgive me. My husband is a great divinity. And he also, being hungry and tired, arrived (and) was served by me.)
O Brāhmaṇa, you should forgive me. My husband is for me a great divinity. And he too, hungry and weary, came and was served by me. (03-197-20)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - the Brāhmaṇa; the priest; the sage; उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(The Brāhmaṇa said;)
The Brāhmaṇa said.
ब्राह्मणा न गरीयांसो गरीयांस्ते पतिः कृतः। गृहस्थधर्मे वर्तन्ती ब्राह्मणानवमन्यसे ॥०३-१९७-२१॥
brāhmaṇā na garīyāṃso garīyāṃs te patiḥ kṛtaḥ। gṛhasthadharme vartantī brāhmaṇān avamanyase ॥03-197-21॥
[ब्राह्मणा (brāhmaṇā) - brahmins; न (na) - not; गरीयांसः (garīyāṃsaḥ) - superior; dignified; गरीयांस् (garīyāṃs) - (someone) superior; ते (te) - your; पतिः (patiḥ) - husband; कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made; regarded as; गृहस्थधर्मे (gṛhasthadharme) - in the householder's duty; वर्तन्ती (vartantī) - abiding; engaged; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the brahmins; अवमन्यसे (avamanyase) - you disparage;]
(Brahmins not superior, superior your husband made. In householder’s duty abiding, brahmins you disparage.)
You do not consider brahmins as superior; you regard your husband as superior. Engaged in the householder’s duties, you disparage the brahmins. (03-197-21)
इन्द्रोऽप्येषां प्रणमते किं पुनर्मानुषा भुवि। अवलिप्ते न जानीषे वृद्धानां न श्रुतं त्वया ॥ ब्राह्मणा ह्यग्निसदृशा दहेयुः पृथिवीमपि ॥०३-१९७-२२॥
indro'py eṣāṃ praṇamate kiṃ punar mānuṣā bhuvi। avalipte na jānīṣe vṛddhānāṃ na śrutaṃ tvayā ॥ brāhmaṇā hy agnisadṛśā daheyuḥ pṛthivīm api ॥03-197-22॥
[इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; अपि (api) - even; एषाम् (eṣām) - to these; प्रणमते (praṇamate) - bows; किम् (kim) - what (of); पुनः (punar) - again/more so; मानुषाः (mānuṣāḥ) - humans; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; अवलिप्ते (avalipte) - O arrogant one; न (na) - not; जानीषे (jānīṣe) - thou knowest; वृद्धानाम् (vṛddhānām) - of elders; न (na) - not; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - (has been) heard; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; हि (hi) - indeed; अग्निसदृशाः (agnisadṛśāḥ) - like fire; दहेयुः (daheyuḥ) - could burn; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth; अपि (api) - even;]
(Indra even to these bows, what again of humans on earth? O arrogant one, not thou knowest of elders, not heard by you. Brāhmaṇas indeed like fire could burn the earth even. (03-197-22))
Even Indra bows to these; how much more should humans on earth? O arrogant one, you do not know the elders, nothing has been heard by you. For Brāhmaṇas, truly like fire, could even burn the earth. (03-197-22)
स्त्र्युवाच॥
stry uvāca॥
[स्त्रि (stri) - woman; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Woman said.)
The woman said.
नावजानाम्यहं विप्रान्देवैस्तुल्यान्मनस्विनः। अपराधमिमं विप्र क्षन्तुमर्हसि मेऽनघ ॥०३-१९७-२३॥
nāvajānāmy ahaṃ viprān devais tulyān manasvinaḥ। aparādham imaṃ vipra kṣantum arhasi me 'nagha ॥03-197-23॥
[न (na) - not; अवजानामि (avajānāmi) - I disregard; अहम् (aham) - I; विप्रान् (viprān) - Brāhmaṇas; देवैः (devaiḥ) - with the gods; तुल्यान् (tulyān) - equal; मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - wise ones; अपराधम् (aparādham) - offense; इमम् (imam) - this; विप्र (vipra) - Brāhmaṇa; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; मे (me) - my; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(Not I disregard Brāhmaṇas equal with the gods, wise ones. This offense, O Brāhmaṇa, to forgive you ought, my O sinless one.)
I do not disregard Brāhmaṇas, these wise ones who are equal to the gods. O sinless Brāhmaṇa, you ought to forgive this offense of mine. (03-197-23)
जानामि तेजो विप्राणां महाभाग्यं च धीमताम्। अपेयः सागरः क्रोधात्कृतो हि लवणोदकः ॥०३-१९७-२४॥
jānāmi tejo viprāṇāṃ mahābhāgyaṃ ca dhīmatām। apeyaḥ sāgaraḥ krodhātkṛto hi lavaṇodakaḥ ॥03-197-24॥
[जानामि (jānāmi) - I know; तेजः (tejaḥ) - energy; विप्राणाम् (viprāṇām) - of the brāhmaṇas; महाभाग्यं (mahābhāgyaṃ) - great fortune; च (ca) - and; धीमताम् (dhīmatām) - of the wise; अपेयः (apeyaḥ) - not to be drunk; सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - ocean; क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger; कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made; हि (hi) - indeed; लवणोदकः (lavaṇodakaḥ) - salty water;]
(I know the energy of the brāhmaṇas, and the great fortune of the wise. The ocean, indeed, made from anger, is salty water not to be drunk.)
I know the power of the brāhmaṇas and the great fortune of the wise. The ocean, indeed, was made salty and undrinkable from (their) anger. (03-197-24)
तथैव दीप्ततपसां मुनीनां भावितात्मनाम्। येषां क्रोधाग्निरद्यापि दण्डके नोपशाम्यति ॥०३-१९७-२५॥
tathaiva dīptatapasāṃ munīnāṃ bhāvitātmanām। yeṣāṃ krodhāgniradyāpi daṇḍake nopaśāmyati॥03-197-25॥
[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same manner; indeed; दीप्ततपसाम् (dīptatapasām) - of those whose austerity is blazing; मुनीनाम् (munīnāṃ) - of sages; भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - whose selves are purified; येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose; क्रोधाग्निः (krodhāgniḥ) - the fire of anger; अद्यापि (adyāpi) - even today; दण्डके (daṇḍake) - in the Dandaka (forest); न (na) - not; उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - subsides;]
(In the same manner, of the sages whose austerity is blazing, whose selves are purified, whose fire of anger even today in the Dandaka does not subside.)
Likewise, the fire of anger of those sages of blazing austerity and purified selves does not subside even today in the Dandaka (forest). (03-197-25)
ब्राह्मणानां परिभवाद्वातापिश्च दुरात्मवान्। अगस्त्यमृषिमासाद्य जीर्णः क्रूरो महासुरः ॥०३-१९७-२६॥
brāhmaṇānāṃ paribhavād vātāpiś ca durātmavān। agastyam ṛṣim āsādya jīrṇaḥ krūro mahāsuraḥ ॥03-197-26॥
[ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the brāhmaṇas; परिभवात् (paribhavāt) - from the insult; वातापिः (vātāpiḥ) - Vātāpi; च (ca) - and; दुरात्मवान् (durātmavān) - wicked-souled; अगस्त्यम् (agastyam) - Agastya; ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage; आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached; जीर्णः (jīrṇaḥ) - digested; क्रूरः (krūraḥ) - cruel; महासुरः (mahāsuraḥ) - great asura (demon);]
(From the insult of the brāhmaṇas, Vātāpi, wicked-souled, having reached Agastya the sage, was digested, the cruel great asura.)
Because of his insult to the brāhmaṇas, the wicked-souled Vātāpi, a cruel and great asura, was digested after coming before the sage Agastya. (03-197-26)
प्रभावा बहवश्चापि श्रूयन्ते ब्रह्मवादिनाम्। क्रोधः सुविपुलो ब्रह्मन्प्रसादश्च महात्मनाम् ॥०३-१९७-२७॥
prabhāvā bahavaś cāpi śrūyante brahmavādinām। krodhaḥ suviphulo brahman prasādaś ca mahātmanām॥03-197-27॥
[प्रभावाः (prabhāvāḥ) - powers; (plural); बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; (plural); च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; श्रूयन्ते (śrūyante) - are heard; ब्रह्मवादिनाम् (brahmavādinām) - of those who speak of Brahman; (genitive plural); क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; सुविपुलः (suvipulaḥ) - very ample; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; प्रसादः (prasādaḥ) - grace; च (ca) - and; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled; (genitive plural);]
(Powers many and also are heard of those who speak of Brahman. Anger very ample, O Brahman, and grace of the great-souled.)
Many powers, too, are heard of among those who speak of Brahman. O Brahman, anger is very great, and so is the grace of the great-souled. (03-197-27)
अस्मिंस्त्वतिक्रमे ब्रह्मन्क्षन्तुमर्हसि मेऽनघ। पतिशुश्रूषया धर्मो यः स मे रोचते द्विज ॥०३-१९७-२८॥
asmin tv atikrame brahman kṣantum arhasi me 'nagha। patiśuśrūṣayā dharmo yaḥ sa me rocate dvija ॥03-197-28॥
[अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; तु (tu) - but; अतिक्रमे (atikrame) - transgression; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; मे (me) - my; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; पतिशुश्रूषया (patiśuśrūṣayā) - by service to husband; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; यः (yaḥ) - which; सः (saḥ) - that; मे (me) - to me; रोचते (rocate) - pleases; द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born;]
(In this but transgression, O Brahman, to forgive you ought, my O sinless one. By service to husband, righteousness which that to me pleases, O twice-born.)
O Brahman, in this transgression, you ought to forgive me, O sinless one. The righteousness that pleases me is service to my husband, O twice-born. (03-197-28)
दैवतेष्वपि सर्वेषु भर्ता मे दैवतं परम्। अविशेषेण तस्याहं कुर्यां धर्मं द्विजोत्तम ॥०३-१९७-२९॥
daivateṣv api sarveṣu bhartā me daivataṃ param | aviśeṣeṇa tasyāhaṃ kuryāṃ dharmaṃ dvijottama ॥03-197-29॥
[दैवतेषु (daivateṣu) - among deities; अपि (api) - even; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - all; भर्ता (bhartā) - husband; मे (me) - my; दैवतं (daivataṃ) - deity; परम् (param) - supreme; अविशेषेण (aviśeṣeṇa) - without distinction; तस्य (tasya) - to him; अहम् (aham) - I; कुर्यां (kuryām) - should perform; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born;]
(Among deities even all, my husband (is) the supreme deity. Without distinction to him I should perform duty, O best of twice-born.)
Even among all deities, my husband is my supreme deity; without any distinction, I should perform duty to him, O best of twice-born. (03-197-29)
शुश्रूषायाः फलं पश्य पत्युर्ब्राह्मण यादृशम्। बलाका हि त्वया दग्धा रोषात्तद्विदितं मम ॥०३-१९७-३०॥
śuśrūṣāyāḥ phalaṃ paśya patyuḥ brāhmaṇa yādṛśam. balākā hi tvayā dagdhā roṣāt tad viditaṃ mama ॥03-197-30॥
[शुश्रूषायाः (śuśrūṣāyāḥ) - of service; of attending to; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; result; पश्य (paśya) - see; behold; पत्युः (patyuḥ) - of the husband; ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - O brāhmaṇa; यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - such as; of such kind; बलाका (balākā) - heron; हि (hi) - indeed; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; दग्धा (dagdhā) - burnt; रोषात् (roṣāt) - from anger; due to wrath; तत् (tat) - that; विदितं (viditaṃ) - known; मम (mama) - to me;]
(See, O brāhmaṇa, the fruit of service to the husband, of such kind. Indeed, the heron was burnt by you from anger; that is known to me.)
O brāhmaṇa, behold the result of serving one's husband: the heron was burnt by you in anger; that is known to me. (03-197-30)
क्रोधः शत्रुः शरीरस्थो मनुष्याणां द्विजोत्तम। यः क्रोधमोहौ त्यजति तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३१॥
krodhaḥ śatruḥ śarīrastho manuṣyāṇāṃ dvijottama। yaḥ krodhamohau tyajati taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ ॥03-197-31॥
[क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy; शरीरस्थः (śarīrasthaḥ) - dwelling in the body; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born; यः (yaḥ) - who; क्रोधमोहौ (krodhamohau) - anger and delusion; त्यजति (tyajati) - abandons; तं (taṃ) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brahman; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(Anger enemy dwelling in the body of humans, O best of twice-born. Who anger and delusion abandons, him the gods a Brahman know.)
Anger is an enemy dwelling in the body of humans, O best of twice-born. He who abandons anger and delusion, him the gods recognize as a Brahman. (03-197-31)
यो वदेदिह सत्यानि गुरुं सन्तोषयेत च। हिंसितश्च न हिंसेत तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३२॥
yo vaded iha satyāni guruṃ santoṣayet ca. hiṃsitaś ca na hiṃset taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ ॥03-197-32॥
[यो (yaḥ) - who; वदेत् (vadet) - speaks; इह (iha) - here; सत्यानि (satyāni) - truths; गुरुं (guruṃ) - the teacher; सन्तोषयेत् (santoṣayet) - satisfies; च (ca) - and; हिंसितः (hiṃsitaḥ) - if harmed; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; हिंसेत् (hiṃset) - should harm; तं (taṃ) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - the Brāhmaṇa; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(Who speaks here the truths, satisfies the teacher and, even if harmed, does not harm him—the gods know that Brāhmaṇa.)
He who speaks the truth here, satisfies his teacher, and, though harmed, does not harm him—the gods recognize that person as a Brāhmaṇa. (03-197-32)
जितेन्द्रियो धर्मपरः स्वाध्यायनिरतः शुचिः। कामक्रोधौ वशे यस्य तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३३॥
jitendriyo dharmaparaḥ svādhyāyanirataḥ śuciḥ। kāmakrodhau vaśe yasya taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ॥03-197-33॥
[जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one whose senses are conquered; धर्मपरः (dharmaparaḥ) - devoted to dharma; स्वाध्यायनिरतः (svādhyāyanirataḥ) - engaged in self-study; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; कामक्रोधौ (kāmakrodhau) - desire and anger; वशे (vaśe) - under control; यस्यक्ष्य (yasya) - whose; तं (taṃ) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - brahmin; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(One whose senses are conquered, devoted to dharma, engaged in self-study, pure, desire and anger under control, whose, him the gods brahmin know.)
The gods recognize as a brahmin one who has conquered his senses, is devoted to dharma, engaged in self-study, is pure, and has desire and anger under control. (03-197-33)
यस्य चात्मसमो लोको धर्मज्ञस्य मनस्विनः। सर्वधर्मेषु च रतस्तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३४॥
yasya cātmasamo loko dharmajñasya manasvinaḥ। sarvadharmeṣu ca ratastaṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ ॥03-197-34॥
[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; च (ca) - and; आत्मसमः (ātmasamaḥ) - equal to oneself; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world; धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of the knower of dharma; मनस्विनः (manasvinaḥ) - of the strong-minded one; सर्वधर्मेषु (sarvadharmeṣu) - in all dharmas (righteous duties); च (ca) - and; रतः (rataḥ) - delighting; तम् (tam) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - brāhmaṇa; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(Of whom and (the) world (is) equal to himself, of the knower of dharma, of the strong-minded one; in all dharmas and delighting, him the gods as brāhmaṇa know.)
The gods know him as a brāhmaṇa, whose mind is steadfast, who knows dharma, who regards the whole world as equal to himself, and who delights in all righteous duties. (03-197-34)
योऽध्यापयेदधीयीत यजेद्वा याजयीत वा। दद्याद्वापि यथाशक्ति तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३५॥
yo'dhyāpyedadhīyīta yajedvā yājayīta vā. dadyādvāpi yathāśakti taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ ॥03-197-35॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; अध्यापयेत् (adhyāpayet) - might teach; अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - might study; यजेत् (yajet) - might sacrifice; वा (vā) - or; याजयीत (yājayīta) - might cause to sacrifice; वा (vā) - or; दद्याद् (dadyād) - might give; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; यथा (yathā) - as; शक्ति (śakti) - ability; तम् (tam) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - brāhmaṇa (a Brāhmaṇa); विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(Who might teach, might study, might sacrifice, or might cause to sacrifice, or might give also as ability (allows), him the gods know as a Brāhmaṇa.)
Whoever teaches, studies, performs sacrifices, causes others to perform sacrifices, or gives as much as he is able—the gods recognize him as a Brāhmaṇa. (03-197-35)
ब्रह्मचारी च वेदान्यो अधीयीत द्विजोत्तमः। स्वाध्याये चाप्रमत्तो वै तं देवा ब्राह्मणं विदुः ॥०३-१९७-३६॥
brahmacārī ca vedān-anyo adhīyīta dvijottamaḥ। svādhyāye cāpramatto vai taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ॥03-197-36॥
[ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - one practicing chastity; च (ca) - and; वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas; अन्यः (anyo) - other; अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study; द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - best among twice-born; स्वाध्याये (svādhyāye) - in self-study; च (ca) - and; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - not heedless; वै (vai) - indeed; तम् (tam) - him; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brāhmaṇa; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(A celibate student and another (best among twice-born) should study the Vedas; and not heedless in self-study indeed, him the gods know as a Brāhmaṇa.)
The celibate student, or the best among twice-born, should study the Vedas; and being diligent in self-study, him the gods recognize as a Brāhmaṇa. (03-197-36)
यद्ब्राह्मणानां कुशलं तदेषां परिकीर्तयेत्। सत्यं तथा व्याहरतां नानृते रमते मनः ॥०३-१९७-३७॥
yadbrāhmaṇānāṃ kuśalaṃ tadeṣāṃ parikīrtayet। satyaṃ tathā vyāharatāṃ nānṛte ramate manaḥ॥03-197-37॥
[यद् (yad) - which; ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of the brāhmaṇas; कुशलम् (kuśalam) - welfare; तत् (tat) - that; एषाम् (eṣām) - to them; परिकीर्तयेत् (parikīrtayet) - one should proclaim; सत्यं (satyaṃ) - truth; तथा (tathā) - thus; व्याहरताम् (vyāharatām) - of those who speak; न (na) - not; अनृते (anṛte) - in untruth; रमते (ramate) - delights; मनः (manaḥ) - the mind;]
(That which is the welfare of the brāhmaṇas, that one should proclaim for them. In the truth thus of those who speak, the mind delights not in untruth.)
One should declare whatever is for the welfare of the brāhmaṇas to them. The mind of those who speak the truth does not take pleasure in falsehood. (03-197-37)
धनं तु ब्राह्मणस्याहुः स्वाध्यायं दममार्जवम्। इन्द्रियाणां निग्रहं च शाश्वतं द्विजसत्तम ॥ सत्यार्जवे धर्ममाहुः परं धर्मविदो जनाः ॥०३-१९७-३८॥
dhanaṁ tu brāhmaṇasyāhuḥ svādhyāyaṁ damamārjavam | indriyāṇāṁ nigrahaṁ ca śāśvataṁ dvijasattama || satyārjave dharmamāhuḥ paraṁ dharmavido janāḥ ||03-197-38||
[धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth; तु (tu) - but; ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brāhmaṇa; आहुः (āhuḥ) - (they) say; स्वाध्यायं (svādhyāyaṁ) - study of the Veda (self-recitation); दम (dama) - self-restraint; आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness; इन्द्रियाणां (indriyāṇāṁ) - of the senses; निग्रहं (nigrahaṁ) - control; च (ca) - and; शाश्वतं (śāśvataṁ) - eternal; द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of twice-born; सत्यार्जवे (satyārjave) - in truth and straightforwardness; धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteousness; आहुः (āhuḥ) - (they) say; परं (paraṁ) - supreme; धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of dharma; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]
(Wealth, but, of a Brāhmaṇa, (they) say, is study of the Veda, self-restraint, straightforwardness; of the senses, control and eternal, O best of twice-born. In truth and straightforwardness, righteousness, (they) say, is supreme, knowers of dharma, people.)
But the wealth of a Brāhmaṇa, they say, is study of the Veda, self-restraint, and straightforwardness, as well as perpetual control of the senses, O best of twice-born. In truth and straightforwardness, the knower of dharma declares supreme righteousness. (03-197-38)
दुर्ज्ञेयः शाश्वतो धर्मः स तु सत्ये प्रतिष्ठितः। श्रुतिप्रमाणो धर्मः स्यादिति वृद्धानुशासनम् ॥०३-१९७-३९॥
durjñeyaḥ śāśvato dharmaḥ sa tu satye pratiṣṭhitaḥ. śrutipramāṇo dharmaḥ syāditi vṛddhānuśāsanam ॥03-197-39॥
[दुर्ज्ञेयः (durjñeyaḥ) - difficult to know; शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; स (sa) - he/that; तु (tu) - but; सत्ये (satye) - in truth; प्रतिष्ठितः (pratiṣṭhitaḥ) - established; श्रुतिप्रमाणः (śrutipramāṇaḥ) - having the Veda as authority; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; इति (iti) - thus; वृद्धानुशासनम् (vṛddhānuśāsanam) - instruction of the elders;]
(Difficult to know, eternal is dharma; that, but, in truth established. Dharma should be, having the Veda as authority, thus: instruction of the elders.)
Dharma is eternal and difficult to comprehend; yet it is established in truth. Dharma should be known by the authority of the Veda—such is the teaching of the elders. (03-197-39)
बहुधा दृश्यते धर्मः सूक्ष्म एव द्विजोत्तम। भवानपि च धर्मज्ञः स्वाध्यायनिरतः शुचिः ॥ न तु तत्त्वेन भगवन्धर्मान्वेत्सीति मे मतिः ॥०३-१९७-४०॥
bahudhā dṛśyate dharmaḥ sūkṣma eva dvijottama. bhavān api ca dharmajñaḥ svādhyāyanirataḥ śuciḥ ॥ na tu tattvena bhagavan dharmān vetsi iti me matiḥ ॥03-197-40॥
[बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways; frequently; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; appears; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; righteousness; सूक्ष्मः (sūkṣmaḥ) - subtle; fine; एव (eva) - indeed; truly; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born; O excellent brāhmaṇa; भवान् (bhavān) - you; अपि (api) - also; even; च (ca) - and; धर्मज्ञः (dharmajñaḥ) - knower of dharma; one who knows righteousness; स्वाध्यायनिरतः (svādhyāyanirataḥ) - engaged in self-study; devoted to recitation (of the Veda); शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; clean; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in principle; in reality; in essence; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one; O great sir; धर्मान् (dharmān) - the dharmas; righteous principles; वेत्सि (vetsi) - you know; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; मतिः (matiḥ) - thought; opinion;]
(In many ways is seen dharma; subtle indeed, O best of twice-born. You also and knower of dharma, engaged in self-study, pure. Not but in reality, O venerable one, dharmas you know thus my thought.)
Dharma is seen in many ways and is indeed subtle, O best of the twice-born. Although you also are a knower of dharma, devoted to self-study, and pure, yet my opinion is that you do not know the principles of dharma in essence, O venerable one. (03-197-40)
मातापितृभ्यां शुश्रूषुः सत्यवादी जितेन्द्रियः। मिथिलायां वसन्व्याधः स ते धर्मान्प्रवक्ष्यति ॥ तत्र गच्छस्व भद्रं ते यथाकामं द्विजोत्तम ॥०३-१९७-४१॥
mātāpitṛbhyāṁ śuśrūṣuḥ satyavādī jitendriyaḥ। mithilāyāṁ vasan vyādhaḥ sa te dharmān pravakṣyati॥ tatra gacchasva bhadraṁ te yathākāmaṁ dvijottama॥03-197-41॥
[मातापितृभ्यां (mātāpitṛbhyāṁ) - to mother and father; शुश्रूषुः (śuśrūṣuḥ) - one who serves; सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - speaker of truth; जितेन्द्रियः (jitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses; मिथिलायां (mithilāyāṁ) - in Mithilā; वसन् (vasan) - dwelling; व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter; स (sa) - he; ते (te) - to you; धर्मान् (dharmān) - the dharmas; प्रवक्ष्यति (pravakṣyati) - will expound; तत्र (tatra) - there; गच्छस्व (gacchasva) - go; भद्रं (bhadraṁ) - good fortune; ते (te) - to you; यथाकामं (yathākāmaṁ) - as you wish; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - best of the twice-born;]
(To mother and father one who serves, speaker of truth, one who has conquered the senses, in Mithilā dwelling—the hunter—he to you the dharmas will expound. There go, good fortune to you, as you wish, best of the twice-born. (03-197-41))
The hunter dwelling in Mithilā, who serves his mother and father, speaks the truth, and has mastered his senses—he will expound the dharmas to you. Go there as you wish. Good fortune to you, O best of the twice-born. (03-197-41)
अत्युक्तमपि मे सर्वं क्षन्तुमर्हस्यनिन्दित। स्त्रियो ह्यवध्याः सर्वेषां ये धर्मविदुषो जनाः ॥०३-१९७-४२॥
atyuktam api me sarvaṃ kṣantum arhasi anindita. striyo hi avadhyāḥ sarveṣām ye dharmaviduṣaḥ janāḥ ॥03-197-42॥
[अत्युक्तम् (atyuktam) - greatly spoken; अपि (api) - even; मे (me) - by me; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; अनिन्दित (anindita) - blameless one; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; हि (hi) - indeed; अवध्याः (avadhyāḥ) - not to be slain; सर्वेषां (sarveṣām) - for all; ये (ye) - who; धर्मविदुषः (dharmaviduṣaḥ) - knowers of dharma; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]
(Even what has been greatly spoken by me, all, you ought to forgive, O blameless one. Women indeed are not to be slain by all people who are knowers of dharma. (03-197-42))
O blameless one, even all that I have said excessively, you ought to forgive. Indeed, women are not to be slain by any people who know dharma. (03-197-42)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - the Brāhmaṇa; the priest; the learned man; उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(The Brāhmaṇa said;)
The Brāhmaṇa said.
प्रीतोऽस्मि तव भद्रं ते गतः क्रोधश्च शोभने। उपालम्भस्त्वया ह्युक्तो मम निःश्रेयसं परम् ॥ स्वस्ति तेऽस्तु गमिष्यामि साधयिष्यामि शोभने ॥०३-१९७-४३॥
prīto'smi tava bhadraṃ te gataḥ krodhaś ca śobhane। upālambhas tvayā hy ukto mama niḥśreyasaṃ param ॥ svasti te'stu gamiṣyāmi sādhayiṣyāmi śobhane ॥03-197-43॥
[प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; तव (tava) - of you; भद्रं (bhadraṃ) - good; ते (te) - to you; गतः (gataḥ) - departed; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; च (ca) - and; शोभने (śobhane) - O beautiful one; उपालम्भः (upālambhaḥ) - reproach; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; हि (hi) - indeed; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; मम (mama) - for me; निःश्रेयसं (niḥśreyasaṃ) - supreme welfare; परम् (param) - supreme; स्वस्ति (svasti) - well-being; ते (te) - to you; अस्तु (astu) - let it be; गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go; साधयिष्यामि (sādhayiṣyāmi) - I will accomplish; शोभने (śobhane) - O beautiful one;]
(Pleased I am of you, good to you. Departed anger and, O beautiful one. Reproach by you indeed spoken, for me is supreme welfare. Well-being to you let it be. I will go, I will accomplish, O beautiful one. (03-197-43))
I am pleased with you, good be to you. My anger has left, O beautiful one. The reproach you have spoken is truly for my highest welfare. May well-being be with you. I will go and accomplish it, O beautiful one. (03-197-43)
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
तया विसृष्टो निर्गम्य स्वमेव भवनं ययौ। विनिन्दन्स द्विजोऽऽत्मानं कौशिको नरसत्तम ॥०३-१९७-४४॥
tayā visṛṣṭo nirgamy svameva bhavanaṃ yayau। vinindans dvijo''tmānaṃ kauśiko narasattama ॥03-197-44॥
[तया (tayā) - by her; विसृष्टः (visṛṣṭaḥ) - set free; निर्गम्य (nirgamya) - having gone out; स्वमेव (svam eva) - just his own; भवनम् (bhavanam) - house; ययौ (yayau) - he went; विनिन्दन् (vinindan) - blaming; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - brahmin; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself; कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika (proper noun, name of a sage); नरसत्तम (narasattama) - best of men;]
(By her set free, having gone out, just to his own house he went. Blaming himself, the brahmin Kauśika, best of men.)
Set free by her, the brahmin Kauśika, best of men, went out to his own house, blaming himself. (03-197-44)
