05.032
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
अनुज्ञातः पाण्डवेन प्रययौ सञ्जयस्तदा। शासनं धृतराष्ट्रस्य सर्वं कृत्वा महात्मनः ॥५-३२-१॥
anujñātaḥ pāṇḍavena prayayau sañjayastadā। śāsanaṃ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya sarvaṃ kṛtvā mahātmanaḥ ॥5-32-1॥
[अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted; पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pandava; प्रययौ (prayayau) - departed; सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; तदा (tadā) - then; शासनं (śāsanam) - command; धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra; सर्वं (sarvam) - all; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great soul;]
(Permitted by the Pandava, Sanjaya then departed, having executed all the commands of Dhritarashtra, the great soul.)
Sanjaya, having been permitted by the Pandava, departed after fulfilling all the commands of the noble Dhritarashtra.
सम्प्राप्य हास्तिनपुरं शीघ्रं च प्रविवेश ह। अन्तःपुरमुपस्थाय द्वाःस्थं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥५-३२-२॥
samprāpya hāstinapuraṃ śīghraṃ ca praviveśa ha। antaḥpuramupasthāya dvāḥsthaṃ vacanamabravīt ॥5-32-2॥
[सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having reached; हास्तिनपुरं (hāstinapuraṃ) - Hastinapura; शीघ्रं (śīghraṃ) - quickly; च (ca) - and; प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered; ह (ha) - indeed; अन्तःपुरम् (antaḥpuram) - inner chambers; उपस्थाय (upasthāya) - having approached; द्वाःस्थं (dvāḥsthaṃ) - doorkeeper; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke;]
(Having reached Hastinapura quickly, he indeed entered. Having approached the inner chambers, he spoke words to the doorkeeper.)
Upon quickly reaching Hastinapura, he entered the city. He then approached the inner chambers and spoke to the doorkeeper.
आचक्ष्व मां धृतराष्ट्राय द्वाःस्थ; उपागतं पाण्डवानां सकाशात्। जागर्ति चेदभिवदेस्त्वं हि क्षत्तः; प्रविशेयं विदितो भूमिपस्य ॥५-३२-३॥
ācakṣva māṃ dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dvāḥstha; upāgataṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ sakāśāt। jāgarti cedabhivadestvaṃ hi kṣattaḥ; praviśeyaṃ vidito bhūmipasya ॥5-32-3॥
[आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - inform; मां (māṃ) - me; धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra; द्वाःस्थ (dvāḥstha) - doorkeeper; उपागतं (upāgatam) - arrived; पाण्डवानां (pāṇḍavānāṃ) - of the Pandavas; सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the presence; जागर्ति (jāgarti) - awake; चेत् (cet) - if; अभिवदेत् (abhivadet) - greet; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; हि (hi) - indeed; क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - O charioteer; प्रविशेयम् (praviśeyam) - I may enter; विदितः (viditaḥ) - known; भूमिपस्य (bhūmipasya) - to the king;]
(Inform me to Dhritarashtra, O doorkeeper, that I have arrived from the presence of the Pandavas. If he is awake, you indeed greet, O charioteer, so that I may enter, known to the king.)
O doorkeeper, inform Dhritarashtra that I have arrived from the Pandavas. If he is awake, you should greet him, O charioteer, so that I may enter, being known to the king.
द्वाःस्थ उवाच॥
dvāḥstha uvāca॥
[द्वाःस्थ (dvāḥstha) - gatekeeper; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The gatekeeper said:)
The gatekeeper spoke:
सञ्जयोऽयं भूमिपते नमस्ते; दिदृक्षया द्वारमुपागतस्ते। प्राप्तो दूतः पाण्डवानां सकाशात्प्रशाधि राजन्किमयं करोतु ॥५-३२-४॥
sañjayo'yaṁ bhūmipate namaste; didṛkṣayā dvāramupāgataste| prāpto dūtaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ sakāśāt praśādhi rājankimayaṁ karotu ||5-32-4||
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; अयम् (ayam) - this; भूमिपते (bhūmipate) - O king; नमः (namaḥ) - salutations; ते (te) - to you; दिदृक्षया (didṛkṣayā) - with the desire to see; द्वारम् (dvāram) - door; उपागतः (upāgataḥ) - arrived; ते (te) - your; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas; सकाशात् (sakāśāt) - from the presence; प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - command; राजन् (rājan) - O king; किम् (kim) - what; अयम् (ayam) - this; करोतु (karotu) - should do;]
(Sanjaya, this O king, salutations to you; with the desire to see, has arrived at your door. The messenger from the Pandavas has arrived; command, O king, what this one should do.)
Sanjaya has arrived, O king, with salutations to you and a desire to see you. The messenger from the Pandavas has come; please command, O king, what he should do.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
आचक्ष्व मां सुखिनं काल्यमस्मै; प्रवेश्यतां स्वागतं सञ्जयाय। न चाहमेतस्य भवाम्यकाल्यः; स मे कस्माद्द्वारि तिष्ठेत क्षत्तः ॥५-३२-५॥
ācakṣva māṃ sukhinam kālyamasmai; praveśyatāṃ svāgataṃ sañjayāya। na cāhametasya bhavāmyakālyaḥ; sa me kasmāddvāri tiṣṭheta kṣattaḥ ॥5-32-5॥
[आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; मां (māṃ) - me; सुखिनं (sukhinam) - happy; काल्यम् (kālyam) - early; अस्मै (asmai) - to him; प्रवेश्यतां (praveśyatāṃ) - let enter; स्वागतं (svāgatam) - welcome; सञ्जयाय (sañjayāya) - to Sañjaya; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; एतस्य (etasya) - of him; भवामि (bhavāmi) - become; अकाल्यः (akālyaḥ) - untimely; सः (saḥ) - he; मे (me) - my; कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why; द्वारि (dvāri) - at the door; तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭheta) - should stand; क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - O doorkeeper;]
(Tell me happy early to him; let enter welcome to Sañjaya. Not and I of him become untimely; he my why at the door should stand O doorkeeper.)
Tell him early in the morning that I am happy; let Sañjaya be welcomed. I will not be untimely for him; why should he stand at the door, O doorkeeper?
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
ततः प्रविश्यानुमते नृपस्य; महद्वेश्म प्राज्ञशूरार्यगुप्तम्। सिंहासनस्थं पार्थिवमाससाद; वैचित्रवीर्यं प्राञ्जलिः सूतपुत्रः ॥५-३२-६॥
tataḥ praviśyānumate nṛpasya; mahadveśma prājñaśūrāryaguptam। siṃhāsanasthaṃ pārthivamāsasāda; vaicitravīryaṃ prāñjaliḥ sūtaputraḥ ॥5-32-6॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered; अनुमते (anumate) - with permission; नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - of the king; महत् (mahat) - great; वेश्म (veśma) - palace; प्राज्ञ (prājña) - wise; शूर (śūra) - brave; आर्यगुप्तम् (āryaguptam) - Āryagupta; सिंहासनस्थं (siṃhāsanasthaṃ) - seated on the throne; पार्थिवम् (pārthivam) - the king; आससाद (āsasāda) - approached; वैचित्रवीर्यं (vaicitravīryaṃ) - Vaicitravīrya; प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands; सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - the son of a charioteer;]
(Then, having entered with the permission of the king, the wise and brave Āryagupta approached King Vaicitravīrya, who was seated on the throne, with folded hands, the son of a charioteer.)
Then, with the king's permission, the wise and brave Āryagupta entered the great palace and approached King Vaicitravīrya, who was seated on the throne, with folded hands, as the son of a charioteer.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
सञ्जयोऽहं भूमिपते नमस्ते; प्राप्तोऽस्मि गत्वा नरदेव पाण्डवान्। अभिवाद्य त्वां पाण्डुपुत्रो मनस्वी; युधिष्ठिरः कुशलं चान्वपृच्छत् ॥५-३२-७॥
sañjayo'haṁ bhūmipate namaste; prāpto'smi gatvā naradeva pāṇḍavān। abhivādya tvāṁ pāṇḍuputro manasvī; yudhiṣṭhiraḥ kuśalaṁ cānvapṛcchat ॥5-32-7॥
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; अहम् (aham) - I; भूमिपते (bhūmipate) - O king; नमः (namaḥ) - salutations; ते (te) - to you; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; अस्मि (asmi) - am; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; नरदेव (naradeva) - O lord of men; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas; अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; पाण्डुपुत्रः (pāṇḍuputraḥ) - the son of Pandu; मनस्वी (manasvī) - wise; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; कुशलम् (kuśalam) - well-being; च (ca) - and; अन्वपृच्छत् (anvapṛcchat) - inquired;]
(Sanjaya, I, O king, salutations to you; have arrived having gone to the Pandavas, O lord of men. Having greeted you, the wise son of Pandu, Yudhishthira, inquired about your well-being.)
Sanjaya said, "O king, I have arrived after visiting the Pandavas. Yudhishthira, the wise son of Pandu, has inquired about your well-being after greeting you."
स ते पुत्रान्पृच्छति प्रीयमाणः; कच्चित्पुत्रैः प्रीयसे नप्तृभिश्च। तथा सुहृद्भिः सचिवैश्च राज; न्ये चापि त्वामुपजीवन्ति तैश्च ॥५-३२-८॥
sa te putrānpṛcchati prīyamāṇaḥ; kaccitputraiḥ prīyase naptr̥bhiśca। tathā suhṛdbhiḥ sacivaiśca rāja; nye cāpi tvāmupajīvanti taiśca ॥5-32-8॥
[स (sa) - he; ते (te) - your; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; पृच्छति (pṛcchati) - asks; प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons; प्रीयसे (prīyase) - you are pleased; नप्तृभिः (naptr̥bhiḥ) - with grandsons; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - also; सुहृद्भिः (suhṛdbhiḥ) - with friends; सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - with ministers; च (ca) - and; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - depend on; तैः (taiḥ) - by them; च (ca) - and;]
(He asks your sons, being pleased; whether you are pleased with sons and grandsons. Also with friends and ministers, O king; and those who also depend on you by them.)
He affectionately inquires about your sons; whether you are pleased with your sons and grandsons, and also with your friends and ministers, O king; and those who depend on you.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
अभ्येत्य त्वां तात वदामि सञ्जय; अजातशत्रुं च सुखेन पार्थम्। कच्चित्स राजा कुशली सपुत्रः; सहामात्यः सानुजः कौरवाणाम् ॥५-३२-९॥
abhyetya tvāṃ tāta vadāmi sañjaya; ajātaśatruṃ ca sukhena pārtham। kaccits rājā kuśalī saputraḥ; sahāmātyaḥ sānujaḥ kauravāṇām ॥5-32-9॥
[अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached; त्वां (tvāṃ) - you; तात (tāta) - father; वदामि (vadāmi) - I say; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; अजातशत्रुं (ajātaśatruṃ) - Ajatashatru; च (ca) - and; सुखेन (sukhena) - with happiness; पार्थम् (pārtham) - Partha; कच्चित्स (kaccits) - whether; राजा (rājā) - the king; कुशली (kuśalī) - well; सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - with sons; सहामात्यः (sahāmātyaḥ) - with ministers; सानुजः (sānujaḥ) - with younger brothers; कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas;]
(Having approached you, father, I say, Sanjaya; Ajatashatru and Partha are well with happiness. Whether the king is well with sons, with ministers, with younger brothers of the Kauravas.)
Having approached you, father, I say, Sanjaya, that Ajatashatru and Partha are well and happy. I wonder if the king is well along with his sons, ministers, and younger brothers of the Kauravas.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
सहामात्यः कुशली पाण्डुपुत्रो; भूयश्चातो यच्च तेऽग्रे मनोऽभूत्। निर्णिक्तधर्मार्थकरो मनस्वी; बहुश्रुतो दृष्टिमाञ्शीलवांश्च ॥५-३२-१०॥
sahāmātyaḥ kuśalī pāṇḍuputro; bhūyaścāto yacca te'gre mano'bhūt। nirniktadharmārthakaro manasvī; bahuśruto dṛṣṭimāñśīlavāṃśca ॥5-32-10॥
[सहामात्यः (sahāmātyaḥ) - with ministers; कुशली (kuśalī) - skilled; पाण्डुपुत्रः (pāṇḍuputraḥ) - son of Pandu; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; च (ca) - and; अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; यत् (yat) - what; ते (te) - your; अग्रे (agre) - before; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; अभूत् (abhūt) - was; निर्निक्तधर्मार्थकरः (nirniktadharmārthakaraḥ) - one who performs duty and wealth; मनस्वी (manasvī) - wise; बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - learned; दृष्टिमान् (dṛṣṭimān) - visionary; शीलवान् (śīlavān) - virtuous; च (ca) - and;]
(With ministers, skilled, the son of Pandu; again therefore what was in your mind before. One who performs duty and wealth, wise, learned, visionary, and virtuous.)
The son of Pandu, skilled and with ministers, was thoughtful and wise. He was learned, visionary, and virtuous, always considering what was in your mind before.
परं धर्मात्पाण्डवस्यानृशंस्यं; धर्मः परो वित्तचयान्मतोऽस्य। सुखप्रिये धर्महीने न पार्थो; ऽनुरुध्यते भारत तस्य विद्धि ॥५-३२-११॥
paraṁ dharmātpāṇḍavasyānṛśaṁsyaṁ; dharmaḥ paro vittacayānmato'sya। sukhapriye dharmahīne na pārtho; 'nurudhyate bhārata tasya viddhi ॥5-32-11॥
[परम् (param) - supreme; धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than duty; पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava; अनृशंस्यं (anṛśaṁsyaṁ) - non-cruelty; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; परः (paraḥ) - supreme; वित्तचयान् (vittacayān) - than wealth accumulation; मतः (mataḥ) - considered; अस्य (asya) - by him; सुखप्रिये (sukhapriye) - O lover of happiness; धर्महीने (dharmahīne) - in the absence of duty; न (na) - not; पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna; अनुरुध्यते (anurudhyate) - is pleased; भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata; तस्य (tasya) - his; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; ॥५-३२-११॥ (॥5-32-11॥) - (verse number);]
(Supreme than duty is non-cruelty of the Pandava; duty is considered supreme than wealth accumulation by him. O lover of happiness, Arjuna is not pleased in the absence of duty; know this, O descendant of Bharata.)
The Pandava values non-cruelty above duty; he considers duty more important than accumulating wealth. O lover of happiness, Arjuna is not pleased without duty; understand this, O descendant of Bharata.
परप्रयुक्तः पुरुषो विचेष्टते; सूत्रप्रोता दारुमयीव योषा। इमं दृष्ट्वा नियमं पाण्डवस्य; मन्ये परं कर्म दैवं मनुष्यात् ॥५-३२-१२॥
paraprayuktaḥ puruṣo viceṣṭate; sūtraprotā dārumayīva yoṣā। imaṃ dṛṣṭvā niyamaṃ pāṇḍavasya; manye paraṃ karma daivaṃ manuṣyāt ॥5-32-12॥
[परप्रयुक्तः (paraprayuktaḥ) - prompted by others; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person; विचेष्टते (viceṣṭate) - acts; सूत्रप्रोतः (sūtraprotaḥ) - strung on a thread; दारुमयी (dārumayī) - wooden; इव (iva) - like; योषा (yoṣā) - a doll; इमं (imaṃ) - this; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; नियमं (niyamaṃ) - the rule; पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava; मन्ये (manye) - I think; परं (paraṃ) - supreme; कर्म (karma) - action; दैवम् (daivam) - fate; मनुष्यात् (manuṣyāt) - than man;]
(Prompted by others, a person acts; like a wooden doll strung on a thread. Seeing this rule of the Pandava, I think fate is supreme over human action.)
A person acts as if controlled by others, much like a wooden puppet strung on a thread. Observing this principle of the Pandava, I believe that fate is superior to human effort.
इमं च दृष्ट्वा तव कर्मदोषं; पादोदर्कं घोरमवर्णरूपम्। यावन्नरः कामयतेऽतिकाल्यं; तावन्नरोऽयं लभते प्रशंसाम् ॥५-३२-१३॥
imaṁ ca dṛṣṭvā tava karmadoṣaṁ; pādodarkaṁ ghoramavarṇarūpam। yāvannaraḥ kāmayate'tikālyaṁ; tāvannaro'yaṁ labhate praśaṁsām ॥5-32-13॥
[इमं (imam) - this; च (ca) - and; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; तव (tava) - your; कर्मदोषं (karmadoṣaṁ) - action's fault; पादोदर्कं (pādodarkaṁ) - resulting consequence; घोरमवर्णरूपम् (ghoramavarṇarūpam) - terrible indescribable form; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; नरः (naraḥ) - man; कामयते (kāmayate) - desires; अतिकाल्यं (atikālyaṁ) - prematurely; तावत् (tāvat) - until then; नरः (naraḥ) - man; अयम् (ayam) - this; लभते (labhate) - obtains; प्रशंसाम् (praśaṁsām) - praise;]
(And having seen this fault in your action, the resulting consequence is a terrible indescribable form. As long as a man desires prematurely, until then this man obtains praise.)
Upon observing this fault in your actions, the resulting consequence is a terrible and indescribable form. As long as a man desires prematurely, he continues to receive praise.
अजातशत्रुस्तु विहाय पापं; जीर्णां त्वचं सर्प इवासमर्थाम्। विरोचतेऽहार्यवृत्तेन धीरो; युधिष्ठिरस्त्वयि पापं विसृज्य ॥५-३२-१४॥
ajātaśatrustu vihāya pāpaṁ; jīrṇāṁ tvacaṁ sarpa ivāsamarthām। virocate'hāryavṛttena dhīro; yudhiṣṭhirastvayi pāpaṁ visṛjya ॥5-32-14॥
[अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - one whose enemies are unborn; तु (tu) - but; विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned; पापं (pāpaṁ) - sin; जीर्णां (jīrṇāṁ) - worn out; त्वचं (tvacaṁ) - skin; सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake; इव (iva) - like; असमर्थाम् (asamarthām) - useless; विरोचते (virocate) - shines; अहार्यवृत्तेन (ahāryavṛttena) - with unchangeable conduct; धीरो (dhīraḥ) - wise; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; पापं (pāpaṁ) - sin; विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned;]
(Ajatashatru, having abandoned sin, like a snake its worn-out useless skin, shines with unchangeable conduct; wise Yudhishthira, having abandoned sin in you.)
Ajatashatru, having cast off sin like a snake sheds its old, useless skin, shines with steadfast conduct; wise Yudhishthira, having abandoned sin in you.
अङ्गात्मनः कर्म निबोध राज; न्धर्मार्थयुक्तादार्यवृत्तादपेतम्। उपक्रोशं चेह गतोऽसि राज; न्नोहेश्च पापं प्रसजेदमुत्र ॥५-३२-१५॥
aṅgātmanaḥ karma nibodha rāj; ndharmārthayuktādāryavṛttādapetam। upakrośaṃ ceha gato'si rāj; nnoheśca pāpaṃ prasajedamutra ॥5-32-15॥
[अङ्गात्मनः (aṅgātmanaḥ) - O king; कर्म (karma) - action; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; राज (rāj) - O king; धर्मार्थयुक्तादार्यवृत्तादपेतम् (dharmārthayuktādāryavṛttādapetam) - devoid of righteous conduct and purpose; उपक्रोशं (upakrośaṃ) - lamentation; च (ca) - and; इह (iha) - here; गतः (gataḥ) - gone; असि (asi) - you are; राज (rāj) - O king; नोहेश्च (noheśca) - and not of the lord; पापं (pāpaṃ) - sin; प्रसजेत् (prasajet) - would incur; अमुत्र (amutra) - there.;]
(O king, understand the action devoid of righteous conduct and purpose; here you have gone into lamentation, O king, and not of the lord, would incur sin there.)
O king, understand that actions devoid of righteousness and purpose lead to lamentation here and sin in the hereafter. You have strayed from the path of the noble.
स त्वमर्थं संशयितं विना तै; राशंससे पुत्रवशानुगोऽद्य। अधर्मशब्दश्च महान्पृथिव्यां; नेदं कर्म त्वत्समं भारताग्र्य ॥५-३२-१६॥
sa tvamarthaṃ saṃśayitaṃ vinā tai; rāśaṃsase putravaśānugo'dya। adharmaśabdaśca mahānpṛthivyāṃ; nedaṃ karma tvatsamaṃ bhāratāgrya ॥5-32-16॥
[स (sa) - you; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अर्थम् (artham) - meaning; संशयितम् (saṃśayitam) - doubtful; विना (vinā) - without; तैः (taiḥ) - them; राशंससे (rāśaṃsase) - praise; पुत्रवशानुगः (putravaśānugaḥ) - following the will of your sons; अद्य (adya) - today; अधर्मशब्दः (adharmaśabdaḥ) - word of unrighteousness; च (ca) - and; महान् (mahān) - great; पृथिव्यां (pṛthivyāṃ) - on earth; न (na) - not; इदम् (idam) - this; कर्म (karma) - act; त्वत्समम् (tvatsamam) - equal to you; भारताग्र्य (bhāratāgrya) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(You, without doubting the meaning, praise them today, following the will of your sons. The word of unrighteousness is great on earth; this act is not equal to you, O best of the Bharatas.)
Today, you praise them without questioning the meaning, following the will of your sons. The word of unrighteousness is widespread on earth; this act is not befitting of you, O best of the Bharatas.
हीनप्रज्ञो दौष्कुलेयो नृशंसो; दीर्घवैरी क्षत्रविद्यास्वधीरः। एवन्धर्मा नापदः सन्तितीर्षे; द्धीनवीर्यो यश्च भवेदशिष्टः ॥५-३२-१७॥
hīnaprajño dauṣkuleyo nṛśaṁso; dīrghavairī kṣatravidyāsvadhīraḥ। evandharmā nāpadaḥ santitīrṣe; ddhīnavīryo yaśca bhavedaśiṣṭaḥ ॥5-32-17॥
[हीनप्रज्ञः (hīnaprajñaḥ) - one with deficient wisdom; दौष्कुलेयः (dauṣkuleyaḥ) - born in a bad family; नृशंसः (nṛśaṁsaḥ) - cruel; दीर्घवैरी (dīrghavairī) - long-standing enemy; क्षत्रविद्यासु (kṣatravidyāsu) - in martial skills; अधीरः (adhīraḥ) - unsteady; एवम् (evam) - thus; धर्मा (dharmā) - righteousness; न (na) - not; आपदः (āpadaḥ) - calamities; सन्तितीर्षे (santitīrṣe) - overcome; हीनवीर्यः (hīnavīryaḥ) - one with deficient strength; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; भवेत् (bhavet) - would be; अशिष्टः (aśiṣṭaḥ) - undisciplined;]
(One with deficient wisdom, born in a bad family, cruel, a long-standing enemy, unsteady in martial skills, thus righteousness does not overcome calamities; one with deficient strength, who would be undisciplined.)
A person who lacks wisdom, is born in a bad family, is cruel, a long-standing enemy, and unsteady in martial skills cannot overcome calamities; such a person, lacking strength and discipline, would not succeed.
कुले जातो धर्मवान्यो यशस्वी; बहुश्रुतः सुखजीवी यतात्मा। धर्मार्थयोर्ग्रथितयोर्बिभर्ति; नान्यत्र दिष्टस्य वशादुपैति ॥५-३२-१८॥
kule jāto dharmavānyo yaśasvī; bahuśrutaḥ sukhajīvī yatātmā। dharmārthayorgrathitayorbibharti; nānyatra diṣṭasya vaśādupaiti ॥5-32-18॥
[कुले (kule) - in family; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; धर्मवान् (dharmavān) - virtuous; यः (yaḥ) - who; यशस्वी (yaśasvī) - famous; बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - learned; सुखजीवी (sukhajīvī) - living happily; यतात्मा (yatātmā) - self-controlled; धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - of dharma and wealth; ग्रथितयोः (grathitayoḥ) - bound; बिभर्ति (bibharti) - supports; न (na) - not; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; दिष्टस्य (diṣṭasya) - of fate; वशात् (vaśāt) - by control; उपैति (upaiti) - attains;]
(Born in a family, virtuous, who is famous; learned, living happily, self-controlled. Supports bound by dharma and wealth; does not attain elsewhere by the control of fate.)
Born in a noble family, he is virtuous and renowned; learned, living a happy life, and self-disciplined. He supports what is bound by dharma and wealth, and does not succumb to anything else under the influence of fate.
कथं हि मन्त्राग्र्यधरो मनीषी; धर्मार्थयोरापदि सम्प्रणेता। एवंयुक्तः सर्वमन्त्रैरहीनो; अनानृशंस्यं कर्म कुर्यादमूढः ॥५-३२-१९॥
kathaṁ hi mantrāgryadharo manīṣī; dharmārthayorāpadi sampraṇetā. evaṁyuktaḥ sarvamantrairahīno; anānṛśaṁsyaṁ karma kuryādamūḍhaḥ ॥5-32-19॥
[कथं (kathaṁ) - how; हि (hi) - indeed; मन्त्राग्र्यधरः (mantrāgryadharaḥ) - one who holds the best counsel; मनीषी (manīṣī) - wise; धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - in matters of righteousness and wealth; आपदि (āpadi) - in adversity; सम्प्रणेता (sampraṇetā) - initiator; एवंयुक्तः (evaṁyuktaḥ) - thus equipped; सर्वमन्त्रैः (sarvamantraiḥ) - with all strategies; अहीनः (ahīnaḥ) - not devoid; अनानृशंस्यम् (anānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruel; कर्म (karma) - action; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform; अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - wise;]
(How indeed can a wise person, who holds the best counsel, initiates in matters of righteousness and wealth in adversity, thus equipped with all strategies, not devoid of non-cruel action, perform unwisely?)
How can a wise person, who is well-versed in the best strategies and initiates actions in times of adversity for righteousness and wealth, act unwisely or cruelly?
तवापीमे मन्त्रविदः समेत्य; समासते कर्मसु नित्ययुक्ताः। तेषामयं बलवान्निश्चयश्च; कुरुक्षयार्थे निरयो व्यपादि ॥५-३२-२०॥
tavāpīme mantravidaḥ sametya; samāsate karmasu nityayuktāḥ। teṣāmayaṃ balavānniścayaśca; kurukṣayārthe nirayo vyapādi ॥5-32-20॥
[तव (tava) - your; अपि (api) - also; इमे (ime) - these; मन्त्रविदः (mantravidaḥ) - knowers of mantras; समेत्य (sametya) - having assembled; समासते (samāsate) - engage; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in actions; नित्ययुक्ताः (nityayuktāḥ) - always engaged; तेषाम् (teṣām) - their; अयम् (ayam) - this; बलवान् (balavān) - strong; निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - determination; च (ca) - and; कुरुक्षयार्थे (kurukṣayārthe) - for the destruction of the Kurus; निरयः (nirayaḥ) - hell; व्यपादि (vyapādi) - was ordained;]
(Your also these knowers of mantras having assembled engage in actions always engaged. Their this strong determination and for the destruction of the Kurus hell was ordained.)
These knowers of mantras, having assembled, are always engaged in actions. Their strong determination was ordained for the destruction of the Kurus, leading to hell.
अकालिकं कुरवो नाभविष्य; न्पापेन चेत्पापमजातशत्रुः। इच्छेज्जातु त्वयि पापं विसृज्य; निन्दा चेयं तव लोकेऽभविष्यत् ॥५-३२-२१॥
akālikaṃ kuravo nābhaviṣya; npāpena cetpāpamajātaśatruḥ। icchejjātu tvayi pāpaṃ visṛjya; nindā ceyaṃ tava loke'bhaviṣyat ॥5-32-21॥
[अकालिकं (akālikaṃ) - untimely; कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus; न (na) - not; अभविष्य (abhaviṣya) - would have been; पापेन (pāpena) - by sin; चेत् (cet) - if; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Ajatashatru; इच्छेत् (icchet) - would wish; जातु (jātu) - ever; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having abandoned; निन्दा (nindā) - blame; च (ca) - and; इयम् (iyam) - this; तव (tava) - your; लोके (loke) - in the world; अभविष्यत् (abhaviṣyat) - would have been;]
(The Kurus would not have been untimely; if Ajatashatru, by sin, would wish ever sin in you, having abandoned, blame and this your in the world would have been.)
The Kurus would not have acted untimely if Ajatashatru, by sin, ever wished to abandon sin in you, and this blame would have been in your world.
किमन्यत्र विषयादीश्वराणां; यत्र पार्थः परलोकं ददर्श। अत्यक्रामत्स तथा संमतः स्या; न्न संशयो नास्ति मनुष्यकारः ॥५-३२-२२॥
kimanyatra viṣayādīśvarāṇāṃ; yatra pārthaḥ paralokaṃ dadarśa। atyakrāmats tathā saṃmataḥ syā; nna saṃśayo nāsti manuṣyakāraḥ ॥5-32-22॥
[किम् (kim) - what; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; विषयात् (viṣayāt) - from the subject; ईश्वराणां (īśvarāṇāṃ) - of the lords; यत्र (yatra) - where; पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna; परलोकं (paralokaṃ) - the other world; ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw; अत्यक्रामत् (atyakrāmat) - transcended; तथा (tathā) - thus; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - approved; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt; नास्ति (nāsti) - there is not; मनुष्यकारः (manuṣyakāraḥ) - human effort;]
(What else is there from the subjects of the lords, where Arjuna saw the other world? He transcended, thus he may be approved; there is no doubt, human effort is not.)
What else is there beyond the domains of the lords, where Arjuna witnessed the other world? He transcended, and thus he may be approved; there is no doubt that human effort is not involved.
एतान्गुणान्कर्मकृतानवेक्ष्य; भावाभावौ वर्तमानावनित्यौ। बलिर्हि राजा पारमविन्दमानो; नान्यत्कालात्कारणं तत्र मेने ॥५-३२-२३॥
etānguṇān karmakṛtānavekṣya; bhāvābhāvau vartamānāvanityau। balirhi rājā pāramavindamāno; nānyatkālāt kāraṇaṃ tatra mene ॥5-32-23॥
[एतान् (etān) - these; गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities; कर्मकृतान् (karmakṛtān) - produced by actions; अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - considering; भावाभावौ (bhāvābhāvau) - existence and non-existence; वर्तमानौ (vartamānau) - present; अनित्यौ (anityau) - impermanent; बलिः (baliḥ) - Bali; हि (hi) - indeed; राजा (rājā) - king; पारम् (pāram) - the other side; अविन्दमानः (avindamānaḥ) - not finding; न (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; कालात् (kālāt) - than time; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; तत्र (tatra) - there; मेने (mene) - considered;]
(Considering these qualities produced by actions, existence and non-existence as present and impermanent, King Bali indeed, not finding the other side, considered there to be no other cause than time.)
King Bali, observing these qualities born of actions and recognizing the impermanence of existence and non-existence, concluded that there was no cause other than time.
चक्षुः श्रोत्रे नासिका त्वक्च जिह्वा; ज्ञानस्यैतान्यायतनानि जन्तोः। तानि प्रीतान्येव तृष्णाक्षयान्ते; तान्यव्यथो दुःखहीनः प्रणुद्यात् ॥५-३२-२४॥
cakṣuḥ śrotre nāsikā tvakca jihvā; jñānasyaitānyāyatanāni jantoḥ। tāni prītānyeva tṛṣṇākṣayānte; tānyavyatho duḥkhahīnaḥ praṇudyāt ॥5-32-24॥
[चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye; श्रोत्रे (śrotre) - ears; नासिका (nāsikā) - nose; त्वक् (tvak) - skin; च (ca) - and; जिह्वा (jihvā) - tongue; ज्ञानस्य (jñānasya) - of knowledge; एतानि (etāni) - these; आयतनानि (āyatanāni) - abodes; जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of the being; तानि (tāni) - those; प्रीतानि (prītāni) - pleased; एव (eva) - indeed; तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - of desire; अक्षय (akṣaya) - cessation; अन्ते (ante) - at the end; तानि (tāni) - those; अव्यथः (avyathaḥ) - without pain; दुःखहीनः (duḥkhahīnaḥ) - free from sorrow; प्रणुद्यात् (praṇudyāt) - should dispel;]
(The eye, ears, nose, skin, and tongue; these are the abodes of knowledge for the being. Those, indeed, become pleased at the cessation of desire; those, without pain and free from sorrow, should be dispelled.)
The senses such as the eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue are the means of knowledge for a being. When desire ceases, these senses become content and free from suffering, and thus, one should transcend them.
न त्वेव मन्ये पुरुषस्य कर्म; संवर्तते सुप्रयुक्तं यथावत्। मातुः पितुः कर्मणाभिप्रसूतः; संवर्धते विधिवद्भोजनेन ॥५-३२-२५॥
na tveva manye puruṣasya karma; saṁvartate suprayuktaṁ yathāvat। mātuḥ pituḥ karmaṇābhiprasūtaḥ; saṁvardhate vidhivadbhojanena ॥5-32-25॥
[न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; एव (eva) - indeed; मन्ये (manye) - I think; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a man; कर्म (karma) - action; संवर्तते (saṁvartate) - proceeds; सुप्रयुक्तं (suprayuktaṁ) - well-applied; यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly; मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the action; अभिप्रसूतः (abhiprasūtaḥ) - born; संवर्धते (saṁvardhate) - grows; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly; भोजनेन (bhojanena) - by food;]
(But I do not think that a man's action proceeds properly when well-applied. Born by the action of the mother and father, he grows properly by food.)
I believe that a man's actions do not always proceed as intended. Though born from the actions of his parents, he grows and develops properly through nourishment.
प्रियाप्रिये सुखदुःखे च राज; न्निन्दाप्रशंसे च भजेत एनम्। परस्त्वेनं गर्हयतेऽपराधे; प्रशंसते साधुवृत्तं तमेव ॥५-३२-२६॥
priyāpriye sukhaduḥkhe ca rāja; nnindāpraśaṃse ca bhajeta enam। parastvenaṃ garhayate'parādhe; praśaṃsate sādhuvṛttaṃ tameva ॥5-32-26॥
[प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - in pleasure and pain; सुखदुःखे (sukhaduḥkhe) - in happiness and sorrow; च (ca) - and; राजन् (rājan) - O king; निन्दाप्रशंसे (nindāpraśaṃse) - in blame and praise; च (ca) - and; भजेत (bhajeta) - should associate; एनम् (enam) - this one; परस्त्वेनं (parastvenaṃ) - others him; गर्हयते (garhayate) - criticize; अपराधे (aparādhe) - in fault; प्रशंसते (praśaṃsate) - praise; साधुवृत्तं (sādhuvṛttaṃ) - good conduct; तम् (tam) - him; एव (eva) - only;]
(In pleasure and pain, in happiness and sorrow, O king, in blame and praise, one should associate with this one. Others criticize him in fault; praise him for good conduct only.)
O king, one should associate with this person in both pleasure and pain, happiness and sorrow, and in blame and praise. Others may criticize him for faults, but praise him for his good conduct.
स त्वा गर्हे भारतानां विरोधा; दन्तो नूनं भवितायं प्रजानाम्। नो चेदिदं तव कर्मापराधा; त्कुरून्दहेत्कृष्णवर्त्मेव कक्षम् ॥५-३२-२७॥
sa tvā garhe bhāratānāṃ virodhā; danto nūnaṃ bhavitāyaṃ prajānām. no cedidaṃ tava karmāparādhā; tkurūndahetkṛṣṇavartmeva kakṣam ॥5-32-27॥
[स (sa) - he; त्वा (tvā) - you; गर्हे (garhe) - blame; भारतानां (bhāratānāṃ) - of the Bharatas; विरोधा (virodhā) - opposition; दन्तः (dantaḥ) - tooth; नूनं (nūnaṃ) - indeed; भविता (bhavitā) - will be; अयं (ayaṃ) - this; प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people; न (na) - not; चेत् (cet) - if; इदं (idaṃ) - this; तव (tava) - your; कर्म (karma) - action; अपराधात् (aparādhāt) - due to fault; कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus; दहेत् (dahet) - would burn; कृष्णवर्त्म (kṛṣṇavartma) - Krishna's path; इव (iva) - like; कक्षम् (kakṣam) - forest;]
(He blames you, opposition of the Bharatas; indeed, this tooth will be of the people. If this is not your fault, your action would burn the Kurus like Krishna's path burns the forest.)
He accuses you, the opposition of the Bharatas; indeed, this tooth will be for the people. If this is not due to your fault, your actions would burn the Kurus like Krishna's path burns the forest.
त्वमेवैको जातपुत्रेषु राज; न्वशं गन्ता सर्वलोके नरेन्द्र। कामात्मनां श्लाघसे द्यूतकाले; नान्यच्छमात्पश्य विपाकमस्य ॥५-३२-२८॥
tvamevaiko jātaputreṣu rāja; nvaśaṃ gantā sarvaloke narendra। kāmātmanāṃ ślāghase dyūtakāle; nānyacchamātpaśya vipākamasya ॥5-32-28॥
[त्वम् (tvam) - you; एव (eva) - only; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; जातपुत्रेषु (jātaputreṣu) - among born sons; राजन् (rājan) - O king; वशं (vaśaṃ) - control; गन्ता (gantā) - will go; सर्वलोके (sarvaloke) - in all worlds; नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O lord of men; कामात्मनाम् (kāmātmanām) - of those whose nature is desire; श्लाघसे (ślāghase) - you boast; द्यूतकाले (dyūtakāle) - at the time of gambling; न (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; क्षमात् (kṣamāt) - than patience; पश्य (paśya) - see; विपाकम् (vipākam) - the result; अस्य (asya) - of this;]
(You alone, O king, among born sons, will go to control in all worlds, O lord of men. You boast at the time of gambling of those whose nature is desire; see no other result than patience of this.)
You, O king, are the only one among your sons who will gain control over all worlds, O lord of men. You boast during gambling, driven by desire; see that there is no result other than patience in this.
अनाप्तानां प्रग्रहात्त्वं नरेन्द्र; तथाप्तानां निग्रहाच्चैव राजन्। भूमिं स्फीतां दुर्बलत्वादनन्तां; न शक्तस्त्वं रक्षितुं कौरवेय ॥५-३२-२९॥
anāptānāṃ pragrahāttvaṃ narendra; tathāptānāṃ nigrahāccaiva rājan। bhūmiṃ sphītāṃ durbalatvādanantāṃ; na śaktastvaṃ rakṣituṃ kauraveya ॥5-32-29॥
[अनाप्तानां (anāptānāṃ) - of those not obtained; प्रग्रहात् (pragrahāt) - from taking; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king; तथा (tathā) - also; आप्तानां (āptānāṃ) - of those obtained; निग्रहात् (nigrahāt) - from restraining; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; राजन् (rājan) - O king; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - earth; स्फीतां (sphītāṃ) - abundant; दुर्बलत्वात् (durbalatvāt) - due to weakness; अनन्तां (anantāṃ) - endless; न (na) - not; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - able; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; रक्षितुं (rakṣituṃ) - to protect; कौरवेय (kauraveya) - O descendant of Kuru;]
(You, O king, from taking of those not obtained, and indeed from restraining of those obtained, O king, are not able to protect the abundant and endless earth due to weakness, O descendant of Kuru.)
O King, you are unable to protect the vast and endless earth due to your weakness, whether it is from acquiring what is not obtained or from restraining what is obtained, O descendant of Kuru.
अनुज्ञातो रथवेगावधूतः; श्रान्तो निपद्ये शयनं नृसिंह। प्रातः श्रोतारः कुरवः सभाया; मजातशत्रोर्वचनं समेताः ॥५-३२-३०॥
anujñāto rathavegāvadhūtaḥ; śrānto nipadye śayanaṃ nṛsiṃha। prātaḥ śrotāraḥ kuravaḥ sabhāyā; majātaśatrorvacanaṃ sametāḥ ॥5-32-30॥
[अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted; रथवेगावधूतः (rathavegāvadhūtaḥ) - shaken by the speed of the chariot; श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired; निपद्ये (nipadye) - I lie down; शयनं (śayanaṃ) - bed; नृसिंह (nṛsiṃha) - O Nṛsiṃha; प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning; श्रोतारः (śrotāraḥ) - listeners; कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus; सभायाः (sabhāyāḥ) - in the assembly; मजातशत्रोः (majātaśatroḥ) - of the enemy born of contempt; वचनं (vacanaṃ) - words; समेताः (sametāḥ) - gathered;]
(Permitted and shaken by the speed of the chariot, tired, I lie down on the bed, O Nṛsiṃha. In the morning, the listeners, the Kurus, gathered in the assembly to hear the words of the enemy born of contempt.)
Having been permitted and shaken by the speed of the chariot, I, tired, lie down on the bed, O Nṛsiṃha. In the morning, the Kurus, as listeners, gathered in the assembly to hear the words of the enemy born of contempt.
