05.033
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
द्वाःस्थं प्राह महाप्राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः। विदुरं द्रष्टुमिच्छामि तमिहानय माचिरम् ॥५-३३-१॥
dvāḥsthaṃ prāha mahāprājño dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ। viduraṃ draṣṭumicchāmi tamihānaya māciram ॥5-33-1॥
[द्वाःस्थं (dvāḥstham) - to the doorkeeper; प्राह (prāha) - said; महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - the wise one; धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra; महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - the king; विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura; द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; तम् (tam) - him; इह (iha) - here; आनय (ānaya) - bring; माचिरम् (māciram) - without delay;]
(The wise king Dhritarashtra said to the doorkeeper, "I wish to see Vidura; bring him here without delay.")
King Dhritarashtra, known for his wisdom, instructed the doorkeeper to bring Vidura to him immediately, expressing his desire to see him without any delay.
प्रहितो धृतराष्ट्रेण दूतः क्षत्तारमब्रवीत्। ईश्वरस्त्वां महाराजो महाप्राज्ञ दिदृक्षति ॥५-३३-२॥
prahito dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dūtaḥ kṣattāramabravīt। īśvarastvāṃ mahārājo mahāprājña didṛkṣati ॥5-33-2॥
[प्रहितः (prahitaḥ) - sent; धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhritarashtra; दूतः (dūtaḥ) - messenger; क्षत्तारम् (kṣattāram) - to Vidura; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the lord; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - the great king; महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O wise one; दिदृक्षति (didṛkṣati) - wants to see;]
(Sent by Dhritarashtra, the messenger said to Vidura: The lord, the great king, O wise one, wants to see you.)
A messenger sent by Dhritarashtra spoke to Vidura: "The lord, the great king, wishes to see you, O wise one."
एवमुक्तस्तु विदुरः प्राप्य राजनिवेशनम्। अब्रवीद्धृतराष्ट्राय द्वाःस्थ मां प्रतिवेदय ॥५-३३-३॥
evamuktastu viduraḥ prāpya rājaniveśanam। abravīddhṛtarāṣṭrāya dvāḥstha māṃ prativedaya ॥5-33-3॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; तु (tu) - but; विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached; राजनिवेशनम् (rājaniveśanam) - the royal palace; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra; द्वाःस्थ (dvāḥstha) - the doorkeeper; मां (māṃ) - me; प्रतिवेदय (prativedaya) - inform;]
(Thus spoken, Vidura, having reached the royal palace, said to the doorkeeper, "Inform Dhritarashtra of me.")
After being spoken to in this manner, Vidura went to the royal palace and told the doorkeeper to inform Dhritarashtra of his arrival.
द्वाःस्थ उवाच॥
dvāḥstha uvāca॥
[द्वाःस्थ (dvāḥstha) - doorkeeper; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The doorkeeper said:)
The doorkeeper spoke:
विदुरोऽयमनुप्राप्तो राजेन्द्र तव शासनात्। द्रष्टुमिच्छति ते पादौ किं करोतु प्रशाधि माम् ॥५-३३-४॥
viduro'yamanuprāpto rājendra tava śāsanāt। draṣṭumicchati te pādau kiṃ karotu praśādhi mām ॥5-33-4॥
[विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; अयम् (ayam) - this; अनुप्राप्तः (anuprāptaḥ) - arrived; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; तव (tava) - your; शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by command; द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see; इच्छति (icchati) - desires; ते (te) - your; पादौ (pādau) - feet; किम् (kim) - what; करोतु (karotu) - should do; प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - command; माम् (mām) - me;]
(Vidura has arrived, O king, by your command. He desires to see your feet. What should he do? Command me.)
Vidura has come, O king, as per your order. He wishes to pay his respects to you. Please instruct me on what he should do.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra said:
प्रवेशय महाप्राज्ञं विदुरं दीर्घदर्शिनम्। अहं हि विदुरस्यास्य नाकाल्यो जातु दर्शने ॥५-३३-५॥
praveśaya mahāprājñaṃ viduraṃ dīrghadarśinam। ahaṃ hi vidurasyāsya nākālyo jātu darśane ॥5-33-5॥
[प्रवेशय (praveśaya) - admit; महाप्राज्ञं (mahāprājñaṃ) - wise; विदुरं (viduraṃ) - Vidura; दीर्घदर्शिनम् (dīrghadarśinam) - far-sighted; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; हि (hi) - indeed; विदुरस्य (vidurasya) - of Vidura; अस्य (asya) - this; नाकाल्यः (nākālyaḥ) - not to be delayed; जातु (jātu) - ever; दर्शने (darśane) - in seeing;]
(Admit the wise Vidura, the far-sighted one. I indeed am never to be delayed in seeing this Vidura.)
"Admit the wise and far-sighted Vidura. I should never be delayed in seeing him."
द्वाःस्थ उवाच॥
dvāḥstha uvāca॥
[द्वाःस्थ (dvāḥstha) - doorkeeper; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The doorkeeper said:)
The doorkeeper announced.
प्रविशान्तःपुरं क्षत्तर्महाराजस्य धीमतः। न हि ते दर्शनेऽकाल्यो जातु राजा ब्रवीति माम् ॥५-३३-६॥
praviśāntaḥpuraṃ kṣattarmahārājasya dhīmataḥ। na hi te darśane'kālyo jātu rājā bravīti mām ॥5-33-6॥
[प्रविश (praviśa) - enter; अन्तःपुरं (antaḥpuraṃ) - inner chambers; क्षत्तः (kṣattaḥ) - O chamberlain; महाराजस्य (mahārājasya) - of the great king; धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - wise; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; ते (te) - your; दर्शने (darśane) - in seeing; अकाल्यः (akālyaḥ) - untimely; जातु (jātu) - ever; राजा (rājā) - the king; ब्रवीति (bravīti) - says; माम् (mām) - to me;]
(Enter the inner chambers, O chamberlain of the wise great king. Indeed, the king never says that your seeing is untimely to me.)
Enter the inner chambers, O chamberlain of the wise great king. The king never considers your visits untimely, he tells me.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaishampayana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaishampayana said:)
Vaishampayana spoke:
ततः प्रविश्य विदुरो धृतराष्ट्रनिवेशनम्। अब्रवीत्प्राञ्जलिर्वाक्यं चिन्तयानं नराधिपम् ॥५-३३-७॥
tataḥ praviśya viduro dhṛtarāṣṭraniveśanam। abravītpraāñjalirvākyaṃ cintayānaṃ narādhipam ॥5-33-7॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered; विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; धृतराष्ट्रनिवेशनम् (dhṛtarāṣṭraniveśanam) - Dhritarashtra's abode; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands; वाक्यम् (vākyaṃ) - words; चिन्तयानम् (cintayānam) - thoughtful; नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - to the king;]
(Then, having entered Dhritarashtra's abode, Vidura, with folded hands, said words to the thoughtful king.)
Vidura entered Dhritarashtra's palace and respectfully addressed the thoughtful king.
विदुरोऽहं महाप्राज्ञ सम्प्राप्तस्तव शासनात्। यदि किञ्चन कर्तव्यमयमस्मि प्रशाधि माम् ॥५-३३-८॥
viduro'haṁ mahāprājña samprāptastava śāsanāt। yadi kiñcana kartavyamayamasmi praśādhi mām ॥5-33-8॥
[विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; अहम् (aham) - I; महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O wise one; सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - arrived; तव (tava) - your; शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by command; यदि (yadi) - if; किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done; अयम् (ayam) - this; अस्मि (asmi) - am; प्रशाधि (praśādhi) - command; माम् (mām) - me;]
(Vidura, I, O wise one, have arrived by your command. If anything is to be done, I am here, command me.)
Vidura, I have come at your command, O wise one. If there is anything to be done, I am here, please instruct me.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
सञ्जयो विदुर प्राप्तो गर्हयित्वा च मां गतः। अजातशत्रोः श्वो वाक्यं सभामध्ये स वक्ष्यति ॥५-३३-९॥
sañjayo vidura prāpto garhayitvā ca māṃ gataḥ। ajātaśatroḥ śvo vākyaṃ sabhāmadhye sa vakṣyati ॥5-33-9॥
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; गर्हयित्वा (garhayitvā) - having reproached; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - me; गतः (gataḥ) - gone; अजातशत्रोः (ajātaśatroḥ) - of Ajatashatru; श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech; सभामध्ये (sabhāmadhye) - in the assembly; सः (saḥ) - he; वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will speak;]
(Sanjaya, having reproached Vidura, has gone to me. Tomorrow, in the assembly, he will speak the words of Ajatashatru.)
Sanjaya, after reproaching Vidura, has come to me. Tomorrow, he will convey Ajatashatru's message in the assembly.
तस्याद्य कुरुवीरस्य न विज्ञातं वचो मया। तन्मे दहति गात्राणि तदकार्षीत्प्रजागरम् ॥५-३३-१०॥
tasyādya kuruvīrasya na vijñātaṃ vaco mayā। tanme dahati gātrāṇi tadakārṣīt prajāgaram ॥5-33-10॥
[तस्य (tasya) - his; अद्य (adya) - today; कुरुवीरस्य (kuruvīrasya) - of the Kuru hero; न (na) - not; विज्ञातं (vijñātaṃ) - known; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; मया (mayā) - by me; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - my; दहति (dahati) - burns; गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs; तत् (tat) - that; अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - caused; प्रजागरम् (prajāgaram) - sleeplessness;]
(Today, the words of the Kuru hero were not known by me. That burns my limbs, it caused sleeplessness.)
Today, I did not understand the words of the Kuru hero. That ignorance torments me and has caused me sleeplessness.
जाग्रतो दह्यमानस्य श्रेयो यदिह पश्यसि। तद्ब्रूहि त्वं हि नस्तात धर्मार्थकुशलो ह्यसि ॥५-३३-११॥
jāgrato dahyamānasya śreyo yad iha paśyasi। tad brūhi tvaṃ hi nastāta dharmārthakuśalo hyasi ॥5-33-11॥
[जाग्रतः (jāgrataḥ) - of the awake; दह्यमानस्य (dahyamānasya) - of the burning; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - better; यत् (yat) - which; इह (iha) - here; पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see; तत् (tat) - that; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; त्वम् (tvam) - you; हि (hi) - indeed; नः (naḥ) - to us; तात (tāta) - dear father; धर्मार्थकुशलः (dharmārthakuśalaḥ) - skilled in righteousness and wealth; हि (hi) - indeed; असि (asi) - are;]
(Of the awake and burning, what better you see here, that tell us, dear father, for you are indeed skilled in righteousness and wealth.)
Dear father, you who are skilled in righteousness and wealth, please tell us what you see here as better for the awake and burning.
यतः प्राप्तः सञ्जयः पाण्डवेभ्यो; न मे यथावन्मनसः प्रशान्तिः। सर्वेन्द्रियाण्यप्रकृतिं गतानि; किं वक्ष्यतीत्येव हि मेऽद्य चिन्ता ॥५-३३-१२॥
yataḥ prāptaḥ sañjayaḥ pāṇḍavebhyo; na me yathāvanmanasaḥ praśāntiḥ। sarvendriyāṇyaprakṛtiṃ gatāni; kiṃ vakṣyatītyeva hi me'dya cintā ॥5-33-12॥
[यतः (yataḥ) - from where; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived; सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; पाण्डवेभ्यः (pāṇḍavebhyaḥ) - to the Pandavas; न (na) - not; मे (me) - my; यथावत् (yathāvat) - as it should be; मनसः (manasaḥ) - of mind; प्रशान्तिः (praśāntiḥ) - peace; सर्वेन्द्रियाणि (sarvendriyāṇi) - all senses; अप्रकृतिं (aprakṛtiṃ) - unnatural state; गतानि (gatāni) - have gone; किं (kiṃ) - what; वक्ष्यति (vakṣyati) - will say; इति (iti) - thus; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; मे (me) - my; अद्य (adya) - today; चिन्ता (cintā) - worry;]
(From where Sanjaya has arrived to the Pandavas; my mind is not at peace as it should be. All senses have gone to an unnatural state; what will he say, indeed, is my worry today.)
Sanjaya has returned from the Pandavas, and my mind is not at peace as it should be. All my senses are disturbed, and I am worried about what he will say today.
विदुर उवाच॥
vidura uvāca॥
[विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vidura said:)
Vidura spoke:
अभियुक्तं बलवता दुर्बलं हीनसाधनम्। हृतस्वं कामिनं चोरमाविशन्ति प्रजागराः ॥५-३३-१३॥
abhiyuktaṃ balavatā durbalaṃ hīnasādhanam। hṛtasvaṃ kāminaṃ coramāviśanti prajāgarāḥ ॥5-33-13॥
[अभियुक्तं (abhiyuktaṃ) - attacked; बलवता (balavatā) - by the strong; दुर्बलं (durbalaṃ) - the weak; हीनसाधनम् (hīnasādhanam) - lacking resources; हृतस्वं (hṛtasvaṃ) - one whose wealth is taken; कामिनं (kāminaṃ) - a lover; चोरम् (coram) - a thief; आविशन्ति (āviśanti) - enter; प्रजागराः (prajāgarāḥ) - the wakeful ones;]
(The wakeful ones enter the weak attacked by the strong, lacking resources, one whose wealth is taken, a lover, a thief.)
The wakeful ones take advantage of the weak who are attacked by the strong, those lacking resources, those whose wealth is taken, lovers, and thieves.
कच्चिदेतैर्महादोषैर्न स्पृष्टोऽसि नराधिप। कच्चिन्न परवित्तेषु गृध्यन्विपरितप्यसे ॥५-३३-१४॥
kaccidetairmahādoṣairna spṛṣṭo'si narādhipa। kaccinna paravitteṣu gṛdhyanviparitapyase ॥5-33-14॥
[कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; एतैः (etaiḥ) - by these; महादोषैः (mahādoṣaiḥ) - great faults; न (na) - not; स्पृष्टः (spṛṣṭaḥ) - touched; असि (asi) - are; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; परवित्तेषु (paravitteṣu) - in others' wealth; गृध्यम् (gṛdhyam) - coveting; विपरितप्यसे (viparitapyase) - you are suffering;]
(Whether by these great faults you are not touched, O king; whether you are not suffering by coveting others' wealth.)
O king, I hope you are not affected by these great faults and are not suffering due to coveting others' wealth.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
श्रोतुमिच्छामि ते धर्म्यं परं नैःश्रेयसं वचः। अस्मिन्राजर्षिवंशे हि त्वमेकः प्राज्ञसंमतः ॥५-३३-१५॥
śrotumicchāmi te dharmyaṃ paraṃ naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ। asminrājarṣivaṃśe hi tvamekaḥ prājñasaṃmataḥ ॥5-33-15॥
[श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; ते (te) - your; धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - righteous; परम् (param) - supreme; नैःश्रेयसम् (naiḥśreyasam) - leading to the highest good; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; राजर्षिवंशे (rājarṣivaṃśe) - dynasty of royal sages; हि (hi) - indeed; त्वम् (tvam) - you; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; प्राज्ञसंमतः (prājñasaṃmataḥ) - considered wise;]
(I wish to hear your righteous, supreme, and highest good leading words. Indeed, in this dynasty of royal sages, you alone are considered wise.)
I wish to hear your righteous and supreme words that lead to the highest good. Indeed, in this dynasty of royal sages, you alone are considered wise.
विदुर उवाच॥
vidura uvāca॥
[विदुर (vidura) - Vidura; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vidura said:)
Vidura spoke:
निषेवते प्रशस्तानि निन्दितानि न सेवते। अनास्तिकः श्रद्दधान एतत्पण्डितलक्षणम् ॥५-३३-१६॥
niṣevate praśastāni ninditāni na sevate। anāstikaḥ śraddadhāna etatpaṇḍitalakṣaṇam ॥5-33-16॥
[निषेवते (niṣevate) - associates with; प्रशस्तानि (praśastāni) - praiseworthy things; न (na) - not; निन्दितानि (ninditāni) - blameworthy things; न (na) - not; सेवते (sevate) - associates with; अनास्तिकः (anāstikaḥ) - non-skeptic; श्रद्दधान (śraddadhāna) - faithful; एतत् (etat) - this; पण्डितलक्षणम् (paṇḍitalakṣaṇam) - mark of a wise person;]
(Associates with praiseworthy things, not with blameworthy things. A non-skeptic, faithful, this is the mark of a wise person.)
A wise person associates with praiseworthy things and not with blameworthy ones. They are faithful and not skeptical, which are marks of wisdom.
क्रोधो हर्षश्च दर्पश्च ह्रीस्तम्भो मान्यमानिता। यमर्थान्नापकर्षन्ति स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१७॥
krodho harṣaśca darpaśca hrīstambho mānyamānitā। yamarthānnāpakarṣanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-17॥
[क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy; च (ca) - and; दर्पः (darpaḥ) - pride; च (ca) - and; ह्रीः (hrīḥ) - modesty; स्तम्भः (stambhaḥ) - stubbornness; मान्यमानिता (mānyamānitā) - respect and honor; यम् (yam) - whom; अर्थान् (arthān) - objects; न (na) - not; अपकर्षन्ति (apakarṣanti) - distract; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Anger, joy, pride, modesty, stubbornness, respect and honor — whom these objects do not distract, he indeed is called wise.)
He who is not distracted by anger, joy, pride, modesty, stubbornness, respect, and honor is indeed called wise.
यस्य कृत्यं न जानन्ति मन्त्रं वा मन्त्रितं परे। कृतमेवास्य जानन्ति स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१८॥
yasya kṛtyaṃ na jānanti mantraṃ vā mantritaṃ pare। kṛtamevāsy jānanti sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-18॥
[यस्य (yasya) - whose; कृत्यं (kṛtyaṃ) - action; न (na) - not; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - plan; वा (vā) - or; मन्त्रितं (mantritaṃ) - consulted; परे (pare) - others; कृतमेव (kṛtameva) - done indeed; अस्य (asya) - of him; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; स (sa) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Whose action others do not know, nor the plan or consultation, but only know it when done, he is indeed called wise.)
A person whose actions and plans are unknown to others, and are only known when accomplished, is indeed called wise.
यस्य कृत्यं न विघ्नन्ति शीतमुष्णं भयं रतिः। समृद्धिरसमृद्धिर्वा स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१९॥
yasya kṛtyaṃ na vighnanti śītamuṣṇaṃ bhayaṃ ratiḥ। samṛddhirasamṛddhirvā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-19॥
[यस्य (yasya) - whose; कृत्यं (kṛtyaṃ) - duty; न (na) - not; विघ्नन्ति (vighnanti) - obstruct; शीतमुष्णं (śītamuṣṇaṃ) - cold and heat; भयं (bhayaṃ) - fear; रतिः (ratiḥ) - pleasure; समृद्धिः (samṛddhiḥ) - prosperity; असमृद्धिः (asamṛddhiḥ) - adversity; वा (vā) - or; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Whose duty is not obstructed by cold and heat, fear, pleasure, prosperity, or adversity, he indeed is called wise.)
A person whose duties are not hindered by external conditions such as cold, heat, fear, pleasure, prosperity, or adversity is truly considered wise.
यस्य संसारिणी प्रज्ञा धर्मार्थावनुवर्तते। कामादर्थं वृणीते यः स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२०॥
yasya saṁsāriṇī prajñā dharmārthāvanuvartate। kāmādarthaṁ vṛṇīte yaḥ sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-20॥
[यस्य (yasya) - whose; संसारिणी (saṁsāriṇī) - worldly; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - dharma and artha; अनुवर्तते (anuvartate) - follows; कामात् (kāmāt) - from desire; अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose; वृणीते (vṛṇīte) - chooses; यः (yaḥ) - who; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Whose worldly wisdom follows dharma and artha, who chooses purpose from desire, he indeed is called wise.)
A person whose worldly wisdom aligns with dharma (righteousness) and artha (wealth), and who chooses purpose over mere desire, is truly called wise.
यथाशक्ति चिकीर्षन्ति यथाशक्ति च कुर्वते। न किञ्चिदवमन्यन्ते पण्डिता भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-२१॥
yathāśakti cikīrṣanti yathāśakti ca kurvate। na kiñcidavamanyante paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha ॥5-33-21॥
[यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - to the best of one's ability; चिकीर्षन्ति (cikīrṣanti) - wish to do; यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - to the best of one's ability; च (ca) - and; कुर्वते (kurvate) - do; न (na) - not; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; अवमन्यन्ते (avamanyante) - disrespect; पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise ones; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(To the best of one's ability, they wish to do; to the best of one's ability, they do. They do not disrespect anything, O best of the Bharatas.)
The wise, O best of the Bharatas, act and wish to act to the best of their abilities and do not disrespect anything.
क्षिप्रं विजानाति चिरं शृणोति; विज्ञाय चार्थं भजते न कामात्। नासम्पृष्टो व्युपयुङ्क्ते परार्थे; तत्प्रज्ञानं प्रथमं पण्डितस्य ॥५-३३-२२॥
kṣipraṃ vijānāti ciraṃ śṛṇoti; vijñāya cārthaṃ bhajate na kāmāt। nāsampṛṣṭo vyupayuṅkte parārthe; tatprajñānaṃ prathamaṃ paṇḍitasya ॥5-33-22॥
[क्षिप्रं (kṣipram) - quickly; विजानाति (vijānāti) - understands; चिरं (ciram) - for a long time; शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - listens; विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood; च (ca) - and; अर्थं (arthaṃ) - meaning; भजते (bhajate) - pursues; न (na) - not; कामात् (kāmāt) - out of desire; न (na) - not; असम्पृष्टः (asampṛṣṭaḥ) - without being asked; व्युपयुङ्क्ते (vyupayuṅkte) - engages; परार्थे (parārthe) - in others' matters; तत् (tat) - that; प्रज्ञानं (prajñānam) - wisdom; प्रथमं (prathamam) - first; पण्डितस्य (paṇḍitasya) - of the wise person;]
(Quickly understands, listens for a long time; having understood the meaning, does not pursue out of desire. Without being asked, does not engage in others' matters; that is the first wisdom of the wise person.)
A wise person quickly understands and listens for a long time. They pursue meaning after understanding it, not out of desire. They do not engage in others' matters without being asked. This is the primary wisdom of a wise person.
नाप्राप्यमभिवाञ्छन्ति नष्टं नेच्छन्ति शोचितुम्। आपत्सु च न मुह्यन्ति नराः पण्डितबुद्धयः ॥५-३३-२३॥
nāprāpyam abhivāñchanti naṣṭaṃ necchanti śocitum। āpatsu ca na muhyanti narāḥ paṇḍita-buddhayaḥ ॥5-33-23॥
[न (na) - not; अप्राप्यम् (aprāpyam) - unattainable; अभिवाञ्छन्ति (abhivāñchanti) - desire; नष्टम् (naṣṭam) - lost; न (na) - not; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - wish; शोचितुम् (śocitum) - to grieve; आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; मुह्यन्ति (muhyanti) - are bewildered; नराः (narāḥ) - men; पण्डितबुद्धयः (paṇḍita-buddhayaḥ) - wise-minded;]
(Wise-minded men do not desire the unattainable, do not wish to grieve for what is lost, and are not bewildered in calamities.)
Wise individuals do not long for what cannot be attained, do not wish to mourn over what is lost, and remain composed in times of trouble.
निश्चित्य यः प्रक्रमते नान्तर्वसति कर्मणः। अवन्ध्यकालो वश्यात्मा स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२४॥
niścitya yaḥ prakramate nāntarvasati karmaṇaḥ। avandhyakālo vaśyātmā sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-24॥
[निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having determined; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रक्रमते (prakramate) - commences; न (na) - not; अन्तर्वसति (antarvasati) - dwells within; कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action; अवन्ध्यकालः (avandhyakālaḥ) - not wasting time; वश्यात्मा (vaśyātmā) - self-controlled; सः (saḥ) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Having determined, who commences and does not dwell within action, not wasting time, self-controlled, he indeed is called wise.)
He who, having determined, commences action without dwelling on it, does not waste time, and is self-controlled, is indeed called wise.
आर्यकर्मणि रज्यन्ते भूतिकर्माणि कुर्वते। हितं च नाभ्यसूयन्ति पण्डिता भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-२५॥
āryakarmaṇi rajyante bhūtikarmāṇi kurvate। hitaṃ ca nābhyasūyanti paṇḍitā bharatarṣabha ॥5-33-25॥
[आर्यकर्मणि (āryakarmaṇi) - in noble deeds; रज्यन्ते (rajyante) - delight; भूतिकर्माणि (bhūtikarmāṇi) - prosperous acts; कुर्वते (kurvate) - perform; हितं (hitaṃ) - welfare; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अभ्यसूयन्ति (abhyasūyanti) - envy; पण्डिता (paṇḍitā) - wise ones; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(In noble deeds, they delight; prosperous acts, they perform; welfare, and not envy, the wise ones, O best of the Bharatas.)
O best of the Bharatas, the wise delight in noble deeds, perform acts that bring prosperity, and do not envy the welfare of others.
न हृष्यत्यात्मसंमाने नावमानेन तप्यते। गाङ्गो ह्रद इवाक्षोभ्यो यः स पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२६॥
na hṛṣyatyātmasaṁmāne nāvamānena tapyate। gāṅgo hrada ivākṣobhyo yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-26॥
[न (na) - not; हृष्यति (hṛṣyati) - rejoices; आत्म (ātma) - self; संमाने (saṁmāne) - in honor; न (na) - not; अवमानेन (avamānena) - by insult; तप्यते (tapyate) - is distressed; गाङ्गः (gāṅgaḥ) - Ganges; ह्रदः (hradaḥ) - lake; इव (iva) - like; अक्षोभ्यः (akṣobhyaḥ) - unperturbed; यः (yaḥ) - who; सः (saḥ) - he; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(He who does not rejoice in honor nor is distressed by insult, like an unperturbed lake of the Ganges, is called wise.)
A wise person is one who remains unaffected by honor or insult, just like the calm and unshaken waters of a Ganges lake.
तत्त्वज्ञः सर्वभूतानां योगज्ञः सर्वकर्मणाम्। उपायज्ञो मनुष्याणां नरः पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२७॥
tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām। upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-27॥
[तत्त्वज्ञः (tattvajñaḥ) - knower of principles; सर्वभूतानां (sarvabhūtānāṃ) - of all beings; योगज्ञः (yogajñaḥ) - knower of yoga; सर्वकर्मणाम् (sarvakarmaṇām) - of all actions; उपायज्ञः (upāyajñaḥ) - knower of means; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇāṃ) - of men; नरः (naraḥ) - man; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(The man who is a knower of principles of all beings, a knower of yoga of all actions, and a knower of means of men is called wise.)
A man who understands the principles of all beings, the yoga of all actions, and the means of men is considered wise.
प्रवृत्तवाक्चित्रकथ ऊहवान्प्रतिभानवान्। आशु ग्रन्थस्य वक्ता च स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२८॥
pravṛttavākcitrakatha ūhavānpratibhānavān। āśu granthasya vaktā ca sa vai paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-28॥
[प्रवृत्तवाक् (pravṛttavāk) - eloquent; चित्रकथ (citrakatha) - with vivid stories; ऊहवान् (ūhavān) - imaginative; प्रतिभानवान् (pratibhānavān) - intelligent; आशु (āśu) - quickly; ग्रन्थस्य (granthasya) - of the text; वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker; च (ca) - and; स (sa) - he; वै (vai) - indeed; पण्डित (paṇḍita) - scholar; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Eloquent, with vivid stories, imaginative, intelligent, quickly the speaker of the text, and he indeed is called a scholar.)
He who is eloquent, tells vivid stories, is imaginative and intelligent, and quickly speaks of the text, is indeed called a scholar.
श्रुतं प्रज्ञानुगं यस्य प्रज्ञा चैव श्रुतानुगा। असम्भिन्नार्यमर्यादः पण्डिताख्यां लभेत सः ॥५-३३-२९॥
śrutaṃ prajñānugaṃ yasya prajñā caiva śrutānugā। asambhinnāryamaryādaḥ paṇḍitākhyāṃ labheta saḥ ॥5-33-29॥
[श्रुतं (śrutam) - heard; प्रज्ञानुगं (prajñānugam) - following wisdom; यस्य (yasya) - whose; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; श्रुतानुगा (śrutānugā) - following what is heard; असम्भिन्नार्यमर्यादः (asambhinnāryamaryādaḥ) - unbroken noble conduct; पण्डिताख्यां (paṇḍitākhyām) - title of a scholar; लभेत (labheta) - may obtain; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(He whose learning follows wisdom and whose wisdom follows learning, who has unbroken noble conduct, may obtain the title of a scholar.)
A person whose knowledge aligns with wisdom and whose wisdom aligns with knowledge, maintaining unbroken noble conduct, is worthy of being called a scholar.
अश्रुतश्च समुन्नद्धो दरिद्रश्च महामनाः। अर्थांश्चाकर्मणा प्रेप्सुर्मूढ इत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥५-३३-३०॥
aśrutaśca samunnaddho daridraśca mahāmanāḥ। arthāṃścākarmaṇā prepsurmūḍha ityucyate budhaiḥ ॥5-33-30॥
[अश्रुतः (aśrutaḥ) - unlearned; च (ca) - and; समुन्नद्धः (samunnaddhaḥ) - arrogant; दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - poor; च (ca) - and; महामनाः (mahāmanāḥ) - great-minded; अर्थान् (arthān) - wealth; च (ca) - and; अकर्मणा (akarmaṇā) - without effort; प्रेप्सुः (prepsuḥ) - desiring; मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish; इति (iti) - thus; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise;]
(The unlearned and arrogant, the poor and great-minded, desiring wealth without effort, is called foolish by the wise.)
The wise call someone foolish who is unlearned, arrogant, poor, yet great-minded, and desires wealth without making any effort.
स्वमर्थं यः परित्यज्य परार्थमनुतिष्ठति। मिथ्या चरति मित्रार्थे यश्च मूढः स उच्यते ॥५-३३-३१॥
svamarthaṁ yaḥ parityajya parārtham anutiṣṭhati। mithyā carati mitrārthe yaś ca mūḍhaḥ sa ucyate ॥5-33-31॥
[स्वमर्थम् (svamartham) - own purpose; यः (yaḥ) - who; परित्यज्य (parityajya) - abandoning; परार्थम् (parārtham) - for others' purpose; अनुतिष्ठति (anutiṣṭhati) - acts; मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely; चरति (carati) - acts; मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - for friends' sake; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish; सः (saḥ) - he; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(He who, abandoning his own purpose, acts for others' purpose, acts falsely for friends' sake, and who is foolish, he is called.)
A person who forsakes his own interests to serve others, acts deceitfully for the sake of friends, and is foolish, is called such.
अकामान्कामयति यः कामयानान्परिद्विषन्। बलवन्तं च यो द्वेष्टि तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३२॥
akāmānkāmayati yaḥ kāmayānānparidviṣan। balavantaṃ ca yo dveṣṭi tamāhurmūḍhacetasaṃ ॥5-33-32॥
[अकामान् (akāmān) - those without desires; कामयति (kāmayati) - desires; यः (yaḥ) - who; कामयानान् (kāmayānān) - those with desires; परिद्विषन् (paridviṣan) - hating; बलवन्तं (balavantaṃ) - the strong one; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates; तम् (tam) - him; आहु: (āhuḥ) - they call; मूढचेतसम् (mūḍhacetasaṃ) - foolish-minded;]
(He who desires those without desires, who hates those with desires, and who hates the strong one, they call him foolish-minded.)
A person who desires those who have no desires, who hates those who have desires, and who despises the strong, is called foolish-minded.
अमित्रं कुरुते मित्रं मित्रं द्वेष्टि हिनस्ति च। कर्म चारभते दुष्टं तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३३॥
amitraṁ kurute mitraṁ mitraṁ dveṣṭi hinasti ca। karma cārabhate duṣṭaṁ tamāhurmūḍhacetasaṁ ॥5-33-33॥
[अमित्रं (amitraṁ) - enemy; कुरुते (kurute) - makes; मित्रं (mitraṁ) - friend; मित्रं (mitraṁ) - friend; द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates; हिनस्ति (hinasti) - harms; च (ca) - and; कर्म (karma) - action; च (ca) - and; आरभते (ārabhate) - undertakes; दुष्टं (duṣṭaṁ) - evil; तम् (tam) - him; आहु: (āhuḥ) - they call; मूढचेतसम् (mūḍhacetasaṁ) - foolish-minded;]
(He makes an enemy a friend, hates and harms a friend, and undertakes evil actions; they call him foolish-minded.)
A person who turns an enemy into a friend, hates and harms his friends, and engages in evil actions is called foolish-minded.
संसारयति कृत्यानि सर्वत्र विचिकित्सते। चिरं करोति क्षिप्रार्थे स मूढो भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-३४॥
saṁsārayati kṛtyāni sarvatra vicikitsate। ciraṁ karoti kṣiprārthe sa mūḍho bharatarṣabha ॥5-33-34॥
[संसारयति (saṁsārayati) - causes to wander; कृत्यानि (kṛtyāni) - duties; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; विचिकित्सते (vicikitsate) - doubts; चिरं (ciraṁ) - for a long time; करोति (karoti) - does; क्षिप्रार्थे (kṣiprārthe) - in urgent matters; स (sa) - he; मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - foolish; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(He causes duties to wander everywhere, doubts, does for a long time in urgent matters; he is foolish, O best of the Bharatas.)
O best of the Bharatas, a foolish person causes confusion in duties everywhere, doubts persistently, and delays in urgent matters.
अनाहूतः प्रविशति अपृष्टो बहु भाषते। विश्वसत्यप्रमत्तेषु मूढचेता नराधमः ॥५-३३-३५॥
anāhūtaḥ praviśati apṛṣṭo bahu bhāṣate। viśvasatyapramatteṣu mūḍhacetā narādhamaḥ ॥5-33-35॥
[अनाहूतः (anāhūtaḥ) - uninvited; प्रविशति (praviśati) - enters; अपृष्टः (apṛṣṭaḥ) - unasked; बहु (bahu) - much; भाषते (bhāṣate) - speaks; विश्वसत्यप्रमत्तेषु (viśvasatyapramatteṣu) - among the careless who trust; मूढचेता (mūḍhacetā) - foolish-minded; नराधमः (narādhamaḥ) - lowest of men;]
(The uninvited enters, the unasked speaks much. Among the careless who trust, the foolish-minded is the lowest of men.)
An uninvited person enters and speaks excessively without being asked. Among those who are careless and trusting, the one with a foolish mind is considered the lowest of men.
परं क्षिपति दोषेण वर्तमानः स्वयं तथा। यश्च क्रुध्यत्यनीशः सन्स च मूढतमो नरः ॥५-३३-३६॥
paraṁ kṣipati doṣeṇa vartamānaḥ svayaṁ tathā। yaśca krudhyatyanīśaḥ sansa ca mūḍhatamo naraḥ ॥5-33-36॥
[परम् (param) - another; क्षिपति (kṣipati) - blames; दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - with fault; वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - being; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; तथा (tathā) - also; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; क्रुध्यति (krudhyati) - gets angry; अनीशः (anīśaḥ) - powerless; सन् (san) - being; सः (saḥ) - he; च (ca) - and; मूढतमः (mūḍhatamaḥ) - most foolish; नरः (naraḥ) - man;]
(Thus, being himself at fault, he blames another; and the one who, being powerless, gets angry, he is the most foolish man.)
A person who blames others while being at fault himself, and who gets angry despite being powerless, is the most foolish of men.
आत्मनो बलमज्ञाय धर्मार्थपरिवर्जितम्। अलभ्यमिच्छन्नैष्कर्म्यान्मूढबुद्धिरिहोच्यते ॥५-३३-३७॥
ātmano balam ajñāya dharmārtha-parivarjitam। alabhyam icchan naiṣkarmyaṁ mūḍha-buddhir iha ucyate ॥5-33-37॥
[आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; बलम् (balam) - strength; अज्ञाय (ajñāya) - not knowing; धर्मार्थ (dharmārtha) - righteousness and wealth; परिवर्जितम् (parivarjitam) - devoid of; अलभ्यम् (alabhyam) - unattainable; इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring; नैष्कर्म्यम् (naiṣkarmyam) - inaction; मूढबुद्धिः (mūḍha-buddhiḥ) - foolish mind; इह (iha) - here; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]
(Not knowing one's own strength, devoid of righteousness and wealth, desiring the unattainable inaction, a foolish mind is said to be here.)
A person who does not know their own strength, lacks righteousness and wealth, and desires unattainable inaction is considered to have a foolish mind here.
अशिष्यं शास्ति यो राजन्यश्च शून्यमुपासते। कदर्यं भजते यश्च तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३८॥
aśiṣyaṃ śāsti yo rājanyaśca śūnyamupāsate। kadaryaṃ bhajate yaśca tamāhurmūḍhacetasaṃ ॥5-33-38॥
[अशिष्यं (aśiṣyam) - undisciplined; शास्ति (śāsti) - rules; यः (yaḥ) - who; राजन् (rājan) - king; यः (yaḥ) - and; च (ca) - and; शून्यम् (śūnyam) - empty; उपासते (upāsate) - worships; कदर्यम् (kadaryam) - miserly; भजते (bhajate) - associates with; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; तम् (tam) - him; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they call; मूढचेतसम् (mūḍhacetasaṃ) - foolish-minded;]
(He who rules the undisciplined, who worships the empty, who associates with the miserly, they call him foolish-minded.)
A king who governs those who are undisciplined, who reveres the void, and who keeps company with the miserly is called one with a foolish mind.
अर्थं महान्तमासाद्य विद्यामैश्वर्यमेव वा। विचरत्यसमुन्नद्धो यः स पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-३९॥
arthaṃ mahāntam āsādya vidyāmaiśvaryameva vā। vicaratyasamunnaddho yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate ॥5-33-39॥
[अर्थम् (artham) - wealth; महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great; आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained; विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge; ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity; एव (eva) - indeed; वा (vā) - or; विचरति (vicarati) - moves; असमुन्नद्धः (asamunnaddhaḥ) - unconceited; यः (yaḥ) - who; सः (saḥ) - he; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - wise; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Having obtained great wealth, knowledge, or prosperity, he who moves unconceited is called wise.)
A person who, having acquired great wealth, knowledge, or prosperity, remains humble and unpretentious is considered wise.
एकः सम्पन्नमश्नाति वस्ते वासश्च शोभनम्। योऽसंविभज्य भृत्येभ्यः को नृशंसतरस्ततः ॥५-३३-४०॥
ekaḥ sampannamaśnāti vaste vāsaśca śobhanam। yo'saṃvibhajya bhṛtyebhyaḥ ko nṛśaṃsatarastataḥ ॥5-33-40॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; सम्पन्नम् (sampannam) - wealthy; अश्नाति (aśnāti) - eats; वस्ते (vaste) - wears; वासः (vāsaḥ) - clothes; च (ca) - and; शोभनम् (śobhanam) - fine; यः (yaḥ) - who; असंविभज्य (asaṃvibhajya) - without sharing; भृत्येभ्यः (bhṛtyebhyaḥ) - with servants; कः (kaḥ) - who; नृशंसतरः (nṛśaṃsatarah) - more cruel; ततः (tataḥ) - than that;]
(One eats wealthily, wears fine clothes, and who, without sharing with servants, is more cruel than that.)
One who eats sumptuously and wears fine clothes without sharing with his servants, who is more cruel than that?
एकः पापानि कुरुते फलं भुङ्क्ते महाजनः। भोक्तारो विप्रमुच्यन्ते कर्ता दोषेण लिप्यते ॥५-३३-४१॥
ekaḥ pāpāni kurute phalaṃ bhuṅkte mahājanaḥ। bhoktāro vipramucyante kartā doṣeṇa lipyate ॥5-33-41॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; पापानि (pāpāni) - sins; कुरुते (kurute) - does; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; महाजनः (mahājanaḥ) - great person; भोक्तारः (bhoktāraḥ) - enjoyers; विप्रमुच्यन्ते (vipramucyante) - are liberated; कर्ता (kartā) - doer; दोषेण (doṣeṇa) - by fault; लिप्यते (lipyate) - is tainted;]
(One does sins, enjoys the fruit; the great person. Enjoyers are liberated, the doer is tainted by fault.)
A single person commits sins and enjoys the results, while the great person. Those who enjoy are liberated, but the doer is tainted by the fault.
एकं हन्यान्न वा हन्यादिषुर्मुक्तो धनुष्मता। बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतोत्सृष्टा हन्याद्राष्ट्रं सराजकम् ॥५-३३-४२॥
ekaṁ hanyānna vā hanyādiṣurmukto dhanuṣmatā। buddhirbuddhimatotsṛṣṭā hanyādrāṣṭraṁ sarājakam ॥5-33-42॥
[एकम् (ekam) - one; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may kill; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may kill; इषुः (iṣuḥ) - arrow; मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - released; धनुष्मता (dhanuṣmatā) - by the bowman; बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect; बुद्धिमता (buddhimatā) - by the wise; उत्सृष्टा (utsṛṣṭā) - released; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may destroy; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; सराजकम् (sarājakam) - with the king;]
(An arrow released by a bowman may kill one or may not, but the intellect released by the wise may destroy the kingdom with the king.)
An arrow shot by a skilled archer might kill one person or might not, but the wisdom imparted by an intelligent person can destroy an entire kingdom along with its ruler.
एकया द्वे विनिश्चित्य त्रींश्चतुर्भिर्वशे कुरु। पञ्च जित्वा विदित्वा षट्सप्त हित्वा सुखी भव ॥५-३३-४३॥
ekayā dve viniścitya trīṁścaturbhirvaśe kuru। pañca jitvā viditvā ṣaṭsapta hitvā sukhī bhava ॥5-33-43॥
[एकया (ekayā) - with one; द्वे (dve) - two; विनिश्चित्य (viniścitya) - having ascertained; त्रींश्चतुर्भिः (trīṁścaturbhiḥ) - thirty-four; वशे (vaśe) - under control; कुरु (kuru) - do; पञ्च (pañca) - five; जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; षट्सप्त (ṣaṭsapta) - six-seven; हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned; सुखी (sukhī) - happy; भव (bhava) - be;]
(With one, ascertain two, control thirty-four with four. Having conquered five, known six-seven, and abandoned, be happy.)
Determine two with one, control thirty-four with four. After conquering five, knowing six-seven, and abandoning them, be happy.
एकं विषरसो हन्ति शस्त्रेणैकश्च वध्यते। सराष्ट्रं सप्रजं हन्ति राजानं मन्त्रविस्रवः ॥५-३३-४४॥
ekaṁ viṣaraso hanti śastreṇaikaśca vadhyate। sarāṣṭraṁ saprajaṁ hanti rājānaṁ mantravisravaḥ ॥5-33-44॥
[एकम् (ekam) - one; विषरसो (viṣaraso) - poisonous juice; हन्ति (hanti) - kills; शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - with weapon; एकश्च (ekaśca) - one and; वध्यते (vadhyate) - is killed; सराष्ट्रम् (sarāṣṭram) - with kingdom; सप्रजम् (saprajam) - with subjects; हन्ति (hanti) - kills; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; मन्त्रविस्रवः (mantravisravaḥ) - leakage of counsel;]
(One is killed by poison, one by weapon; the leakage of counsel kills the king along with the kingdom and subjects.)
A single poison can kill one person, a weapon can kill another; but the leakage of confidential counsel can destroy a king along with his entire kingdom and subjects.
एकः स्वादु न भुञ्जीत एकश्चार्थान्न चिन्तयेत्। एको न गच्छेदध्वानं नैकः सुप्तेषु जागृयात् ॥५-३३-४५॥
ekaḥ svādu na bhuñjīta ekaścārthānna cintayet। eko na gacchedadhvānaṃ naikaḥ supteṣu jāgṛyāt ॥5-33-45॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; स्वादु (svādu) - delicious; न (na) - not; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; च (ca) - and; अर्थान् (arthān) - wealth; न (na) - not; चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should think; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; न (na) - not; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - on a path; न (na) - not; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; सुप्तेषु (supteṣu) - among those who are asleep; जागृयात् (jāgṛyāt) - should stay awake;]
(One should not eat delicious food alone, nor should one think of wealth alone. One should not travel a path alone, nor should one stay awake among those who are asleep.)
One should not enjoy delicacies alone, nor should one ponder over wealth in solitude. It is unwise to travel a path alone, and one should not remain awake when others are asleep.
एकमेवाद्वितीयं तद्यद्राजन्नावबुध्यसे। सत्यं स्वर्गस्य सोपानं पारावारस्य नौरिव ॥५-३३-४६॥
ekamevādvitīyaṃ tadyadrājannāvabudhyase। satyaṃ svargasya sopānaṃ pārāvārasya nauriva ॥5-33-46॥
[एकम् (ekam) - one; एव (eva) - only; अद्वितीयम् (advitīyam) - without a second; तत् (tat) - that; यत् (yat) - which; राजन् (rājan) - O king; न (na) - not; अवबुध्यसे (avabudhyase) - you understand; सत्यम् (satyam) - truth; स्वर्गस्य (svargasya) - of heaven; सोपानम् (sopānam) - stairway; पारावारस्य (pārāvārasya) - of the ocean; नौः (nauḥ) - boat; इव (iva) - like;]
(One only, without a second, that which, O king, you do not understand. Truth is like a stairway to heaven, like a boat to the ocean.)
There is only one truth, without a second, which you, O king, do not comprehend. Truth serves as a stairway to heaven, much like a boat serves to cross the ocean.
एकः क्षमावतां दोषो द्वितीयो नोपलभ्यते। यदेनं क्षमया युक्तमशक्तं मन्यते जनः ॥५-३३-४७॥
ekaḥ kṣamāvatāṃ doṣo dvitīyo nopalabhyate। yadenaṃ kṣamayā yuktamaśaktaṃ manyate janaḥ ॥5-33-47॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; क्षमावतां (kṣamāvatāṃ) - of the forgiving; दोषः (doṣaḥ) - fault; द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second; न (na) - not; उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is found; यत् (yat) - that; एनम् (enam) - him; क्षमया (kṣamayā) - with forgiveness; युक्तम् (yuktam) - endowed; अशक्तम् (aśaktam) - weak; मन्यते (manyate) - thinks; जनः (janaḥ) - people;]
(One fault of the forgiving is not found; that people think him weak, endowed with forgiveness.)
The only fault found in forgiving people is that others may perceive them as weak because of their forgiving nature.
एको धर्मः परं श्रेयः क्षमैका शान्तिरुत्तमा। विद्यैका परमा दृष्टिरहिंसैका सुखावहा ॥५-३३-४८॥
eko dharmaḥ paraṃ śreyaḥ kṣamaikā śāntiruttamā। vidyaikā paramā dṛṣṭirahiṃsaikā sukhāvahā ॥5-33-48॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty; परं (paraṃ) - supreme; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good; क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - peace; उत्तमा (uttamā) - best; विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; परमा (paramā) - highest; दृष्टिः (dṛṣṭiḥ) - vision; अहिंसा (ahiṃsā) - non-violence; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; सुखावहा (sukhāvahā) - bringer of happiness;]
(One duty is supreme good; forgiveness is the best peace. Knowledge is the highest vision; non-violence is the bringer of happiness.)
The supreme good is found in one duty; the best peace is in forgiveness. Knowledge provides the highest vision, and non-violence brings happiness.
द्वाविमौ ग्रसते भूमिः सर्पो बिलशयानिव। राजानं चाविरोद्धारं ब्राह्मणं चाप्रवासिनम् ॥५-३३-४९॥
dvāv imau grasate bhūmiḥ sarpo bilaśayān iva। rājānaṃ cāviroddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam ॥5-33-49॥
[द्वौ (dvau) - two; इमौ (imau) - these; ग्रसते (grasate) - devours; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - serpent; बिलशयान् (bilaśayān) - dwelling in holes; इव (iva) - like; राजानम् (rājānam) - king; च (ca) - and; अविरोद्धारम् (aviroddhāram) - non-opposer; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brahmin; च (ca) - and; अप्रवासिनम् (apravāsinam) - non-traveller;]
(The earth devours these two, like a serpent dwelling in holes: the king who does not oppose and the Brahmin who does not travel.)
The earth consumes two types of people: a king who does not stand against challenges and a Brahmin who does not travel, much like a serpent consumes those dwelling in holes.
द्वे कर्मणी नरः कुर्वन्नस्मिँल्लोके विरोचते। अब्रुवन्परुषं किञ्चिदसतो नार्थयंस्तथा ॥५-३३-५०॥
dve karmaṇī naraḥ kurvannasmim̐lloke virocate। abruvanparuṣaṃ kiñcidasato nārthayaṃstathā ॥5-33-50॥
[द्वे (dve) - two; कर्मणी (karmaṇī) - actions; नरः (naraḥ) - man; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing; अस्मिँल्लोके (asmim̐lloke) - in this world; विरोचते (virocate) - shines; अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - not speaking; परुषं (paruṣaṃ) - harsh; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; असतः (asataḥ) - untrue; न (na) - not; अर्थयन् (arthayan) - seeking; तथा (tathā) - thus;]
(A man shines in this world by performing two actions: not speaking anything harsh or untrue, and not seeking such things.)
A man is esteemed in this world by engaging in two actions: refraining from speaking anything harsh or false, and not pursuing such matters.
द्वाविमौ पुरुषव्याघ्र परप्रत्ययकारिणौ। स्त्रियः कामितकामिन्यो लोकः पूजितपूजकः ॥५-३३-५१॥
dvāvimau puruṣavyāghra parapratyayakāriṇau। striyaḥ kāmitakāminyo lokaḥ pūjitapūjakaḥ ॥5-33-51॥
[द्वौ (dvau) - two; इमौ (imau) - these; पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - tiger among men; परप्रत्ययकारिणौ (parapratyayakāriṇau) - dependent on others; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; कामितकामिन्यः (kāmitakāminyaḥ) - desirous of desired things; लोकः (lokaḥ) - people; पूजितपूजकः (pūjitapūjakaḥ) - worshipper of the worshipped;]
(These two, O tiger among men, are dependent on others: women desirous of desired things, and people who worship the worshipped.)
O tiger among men, there are two types of people who depend on others: women who desire what is desired, and those who worship the worshipped.
द्वाविमौ कण्टकौ तीक्ष्णौ शरीरपरिशोषणौ। यश्चाधनः कामयते यश्च कुप्यत्यनीश्वरः ॥५-३३-५२॥
dvāv imau kaṇṭakau tīkṣṇau śarīra-pariśoṣaṇau। yaś cādhanaḥ kāmayate yaś ca kupyatyanīśvaraḥ ॥5-33-52॥
[द्वौ (dvau) - two; इमौ (imau) - these; कण्टकौ (kaṇṭakau) - thorns; तीक्ष्णौ (tīkṣṇau) - sharp; शरीर (śarīra) - body; परिशोषणौ (pariśoṣaṇau) - drying up; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; अधनः (adhanaḥ) - poor; कामयते (kāmayate) - desires; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; कुप्यति (kupyati) - gets angry; अनीश्वरः (anīśvaraḥ) - powerless;]
(These two sharp thorns dry up the body: the poor who desires and the powerless who gets angry.)
There are two sharp thorns that dry up the body: one is the poor man who desires, and the other is the powerless man who becomes angry.
द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ राजन्स्वर्गस्योपरि तिष्ठतः। प्रभुश्च क्षमया युक्तो दरिद्रश्च प्रदानवान् ॥५-३३-५३॥
dvāvimau puruṣau rājan svargasyopari tiṣṭhataḥ। prabhuśca kṣamayā yukto daridraśca pradānavān ॥5-33-53॥
[द्वा (dvā) - two; इमौ (imau) - these; पुरुषौ (puruṣau) - men; राजन् (rājan) - O king; स्वर्गस्य (svargasya) - of heaven; उपरि (upari) - above; तिष्ठतः (tiṣṭhataḥ) - stand; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - a lord; च (ca) - and; क्षमया (kṣamayā) - with patience; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - a poor man; च (ca) - and; प्रदानवान् (pradānavān) - generous;]
(Two men, O king, stand above heaven: a lord endowed with patience and a poor man who is generous.)
O king, there are two types of men who stand above heaven: a patient lord and a generous poor man.
न्यायागतस्य द्रव्यस्य बोद्धव्यौ द्वावतिक्रमौ। अपात्रे प्रतिपत्तिश्च पात्रे चाप्रतिपादनम् ॥५-३३-५४॥
nyāyāgatasya dravyasya boddhavyau dvāvatikramau। apātre pratipattiśca pātre cāpratipādanam ॥5-33-54॥
[न्यायागतस्य (nyāyāgatasya) - of what is lawfully obtained; द्रव्यस्य (dravyasya) - of wealth; बोद्धव्यौ (boddhavyau) - to be known; द्वौ (dvau) - two; अतिक्रमौ (atikramau) - transgressions; अपात्रे (apātre) - to an unworthy recipient; प्रतिपत्तिः (pratipattiḥ) - giving; च (ca) - and; पात्रे (pātre) - to a worthy recipient; च (ca) - and; अप्रतिपादनम् (apratipādanam) - not giving;]
(Of what is lawfully obtained wealth, two transgressions are to be known: giving to an unworthy recipient and not giving to a worthy recipient.)
There are two transgressions regarding lawfully obtained wealth: giving it to someone unworthy and not giving it to someone worthy.
त्रयो न्याया मनुष्याणां श्रूयन्ते भरतर्षभ। कनीयान्मध्यमः श्रेष्ठ इति वेदविदो विदुः ॥५-३३-५५॥
trayo nyāyā manuṣyāṇāṃ śrūyante bharatarṣabha। kanīyān madhyamaḥ śreṣṭha iti vedavido viduḥ ॥5-33-55॥
[त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; न्यायाः (nyāyāḥ) - principles; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; श्रूयन्ते (śrūyante) - are heard; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; कनीयान् (kanīyān) - inferior; मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - middle; श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - superior; इति (iti) - thus; वेदविदः (vedavidaḥ) - those who know the Vedas; विदुः (viduḥ) - know;]
(Three principles of men are heard, O best of the Bharatas: inferior, middle, and superior, thus those who know the Vedas know.)
O best of the Bharatas, it is said that there are three types of principles among men: inferior, middle, and superior, as known by those who are versed in the Vedas.
त्रिविधाः पुरुषा राजन्नुत्तमाधममध्यमाः। नियोजयेद्यथावत्तांस्त्रिविधेष्वेव कर्मसु ॥५-३३-५६॥
trividhāḥ puruṣā rājannuttamādhamamadhyamāḥ। niyojayedyathāvattāṃstrividheṣveva karmasu ॥5-33-56॥
[त्रिविधाः (trividhāḥ) - threefold; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men; राजन् (rājan) - O king; उत्तम (uttama) - best; अधम (adhama) - worst; मध्यमाः (madhyamāḥ) - mediocre; नियोजयेत् (niyojayet) - should employ; यथावत् (yathāvat) - appropriately; तान् (tān) - them; त्रिविधेषु (trividheṣu) - in three kinds; एव (eva) - indeed; कर्मसु (karmasu) - in tasks;]
(O king, men are of three kinds: best, worst, and mediocre. They should be employed appropriately in three kinds of tasks.)
O king, people can be categorized into three types: the best, the worst, and the mediocre. They should be assigned tasks according to their capabilities.
त्रय एवाधना राजन्भार्या दासस्तथा सुतः। यत्ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्य ते तस्य तद्धनम् ॥५-३३-५७॥
traya evādhanā rājanbhāryā dāsastathā sutaḥ। yatte samadhigacchanti yasya te tasya taddhanam ॥5-33-57॥
[त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three; एव (eva) - indeed; अधनाः (adhanāḥ) - without wealth; राजन् (rājan) - O king; भार्या (bhāryā) - wife; दासः (dāsaḥ) - servant; तथा (tathā) - and; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; यत् (yat) - what; ते (te) - they; समधिगच्छन्ति (samadhigacchanti) - acquire; यस्मै (yasmai) - for whom; ते (te) - they; तस्य (tasya) - his; तत् (tat) - that; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth;]
(Three indeed are without wealth, O king: wife, servant, and son. What they acquire, for whom they acquire, that is his wealth.)
O king, there are three who are without wealth: the wife, the servant, and the son. Whatever they acquire, it belongs to the one for whom they acquire it; that is his wealth.
चत्वारि राज्ञा तु महाबलेन; वर्ज्यान्याहुः पण्डितस्तानि विद्यात्। अल्पप्रज्ञैः सह मन्त्रं न कुर्या; न्न दीर्घसूत्रैरलसैश्चारणैश्च ॥५-३३-५८॥
catvāri rājñā tu mahābalena; varjyānyāhuḥ paṇḍitastāni vidyāt। alpaprajñaiḥ saha mantraṃ na kuryā; nna dīrghasūtrairalasaiścāraṇaiśca ॥5-33-58॥
[चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; तु (tu) - but; महाबलेन (mahābalena) - by the mighty one; वर्ज्यानि (varjyāni) - to be avoided; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the wise; तानि (tāni) - those; विद्यात् (vidyāt) - should know; अल्पप्रज्ञैः (alpaprajñaiḥ) - with the less intelligent; सह (saha) - with; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; न (na) - not; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; दीर्घसूत्रैः (dīrghasūtraiḥ) - with the procrastinators; अलसैः (alasaiḥ) - with the lazy; च (ca) - and; आरणैः (āraṇaiḥ) - with the wicked; च (ca) - and;]
(Four things are said by the wise to be avoided by the mighty king: he should not take counsel with the less intelligent, the procrastinators, the lazy, and the wicked.)
The wise say that a mighty king should avoid four things: taking counsel with the less intelligent, procrastinators, the lazy, and the wicked.
चत्वारि ते तात गृहे वसन्तु; श्रियाभिजुष्टस्य गृहस्थधर्मे। वृद्धो ज्ञातिरवसन्नः कुलीनः; सखा दरिद्रो भगिनी चानपत्या ॥५-३३-५९॥
catvāri te tāta gṛhe vasantu; śriyābhijuṣṭasya gṛhasthadharme। vṛddho jñātiravasannaḥ kulīnaḥ; sakhā daridro bhaginī cānapatyā ॥5-33-59॥
[चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; ते (te) - your; तात (tāta) - father; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; वसन्तु (vasantu) - may live; श्रिया (śriyā) - with prosperity; अभिजुष्टस्य (abhijuṣṭasya) - endowed with; गृहस्थधर्मे (gṛhasthadharme) - householder's duty; वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - an old person; ज्ञातिः (jñātiḥ) - a relative; अवसन्नः (avasannaḥ) - distressed; कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - noble; सखा (sakhā) - a friend; दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - poor; भगिनी (bhaginī) - a sister; च (ca) - and; अनपत्या (anapatyā) - childless;]
(Four may live in your house, O father, endowed with prosperity in the householder's duty: an old person, a distressed relative, a noble friend, and a childless sister.)
O father, four types of people should reside in your prosperous household: an elderly person, a distressed relative, a noble friend, and a childless sister.
चत्वार्याह महाराज सद्यस्कानि बृहस्पतिः। पृच्छते त्रिदशेन्द्राय तानीमानि निबोध मे ॥५-३३-६०॥
catvāryāha mahārāja sadyaskāni bṛhaspatiḥ। pṛcchate tridaśendrāya tānīmāni nibodha me ॥5-33-60॥
[चत्वारि (catvāri) - four; आह (āha) - said; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; सद्यस्कानि (sadyaskāni) - newly made; बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati; पृच्छते (pṛcchate) - asks; त्रिदशेन्द्राय (tridaśendrāya) - to the lord of the thirty gods; तानि (tāni) - those; इमानि (imāni) - these; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; मे (me) - my;]
(Bṛhaspati said, "O great king, understand these four newly made things which are asked by the lord of the thirty gods.")
Bṛhaspati addressed the great king, explaining the four newly created items that the lord of the thirty gods inquired about, urging him to understand them.
देवतानां च सङ्कल्पमनुभावं च धीमताम्। विनयं कृतविद्यानां विनाशं पापकर्मणाम् ॥५-३३-६१॥
devatānāṃ ca saṅkalpamanubhāvaṃ ca dhīmatām। vinayaṃ kṛtavidyānāṃ vināśaṃ pāpakarmaṇām ॥5-33-61॥
[देवतानां (devatānāṃ) - of the deities; च (ca) - and; सङ्कल्पमनुभावं (saṅkalpamanubhāvaṃ) - the influence of will; च (ca) - and; धीमताम् (dhīmatām) - of the wise; विनयं (vinayaṃ) - humility; कृतविद्यानां (kṛtavidyānāṃ) - of the learned; विनाशं (vināśaṃ) - destruction; पापकर्मणाम् (pāpakarmaṇām) - of the wicked.;]
(The influence of the will of the deities and the wise, humility of the learned, and destruction of the wicked.)
The will of the deities and the wise manifests as humility in the learned and leads to the destruction of the wicked.
पञ्चाग्नयो मनुष्येण परिचर्याः प्रयत्नतः। पिता माताग्निरात्मा च गुरुश्च भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-६२॥
pañcāgnayo manuṣyeṇa paricaryāḥ prayatnataḥ। pitā mātāgnirātmā ca guruśca bharatarṣabha ॥5-33-62॥
[पञ्चाग्नयः (pañcāgnayaḥ) - five fires; मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a person; परिचर्याः (paricaryāḥ) - to be worshipped; प्रयत्नतः (prayatnataḥ) - with effort; पिता (pitā) - father; माता (mātā) - mother; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; च (ca) - and; गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher; च (ca) - and; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(The five fires are to be worshipped with effort by a person: father, mother, fire, self, and teacher, O best of the Bharatas.)
O best of the Bharatas, a person should diligently worship the five fires, which are the father, mother, fire, self, and teacher.
पञ्चैव पूजयँल्लोके यशः प्राप्नोति केवलम्। देवान्पितॄन्मनुष्यांश्च भिक्षूनतिथिपञ्चमान् ॥५-३३-६३॥
pañcaiva pūjayaṁlloke yaśaḥ prāpnoti kevalam। devānpitṝnmanuṣyāṁśca bhikṣūnatithipañcamān ॥5-33-63॥
[पञ्चैव (pañcaiva) - five indeed; पूजयन् (pūjayan) - worshipping; लोके (loke) - in the world; यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame; प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains; केवलम् (kevalam) - only; देवान् (devān) - gods; पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors; मनुष्याञ् (manuṣyāñ) - humans; च (ca) - and; भिक्षून् (bhikṣūn) - monks; अतिथि (atithi) - guests; पञ्चमान् (pañcamān) - fifth;]
(By worshipping these five in the world, one obtains only fame: gods, ancestors, humans, monks, and guests as the fifth.)
By honoring these five entities in the world, one gains fame: the gods, ancestors, humans, monks, and guests as the fifth.
पञ्च त्वानुगमिष्यन्ति यत्र यत्र गमिष्यसि। मित्राण्यमित्रा मध्यस्था उपजीव्योपजीविनः ॥५-३३-६४॥
pañca tvānugamiṣyanti yatra yatra gamiṣyasi। mitrāṇyamitrā madhyasthā upajīvyopajīvinaḥ ॥5-33-64॥
[पञ्च (pañca) - five; त्वा (tvā) - you; अनुगमिष्यन्ति (anugamiṣyanti) - will follow; यत्र (yatra) - where; यत्र (yatra) - where; गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go; मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends; अमित्राः (amitrāḥ) - enemies; मध्यस्थाः (madhyasthāḥ) - neutral ones; उपजीव्य (upajīvya) - dependent; उपजीविनः (upajīvinaḥ) - dependents;]
(Five will follow you wherever you go: friends, enemies, neutrals, dependents, and those who depend on others.)
Wherever you go, five types of people will accompany you: friends, enemies, neutral parties, those who depend on you, and those who depend on others.
पञ्चेन्द्रियस्य मर्त्यस्य छिद्रं चेदेकमिन्द्रियम्। ततोऽस्य स्रवति प्रज्ञा दृतेः पादादिवोदकम् ॥५-३३-६५॥
pañcendriyasya martyasya chidraṃ cedekamindriyam। tato'sya sravati prajñā dṛteḥ pādādivodakam ॥5-33-65॥
[पञ्चेन्द्रियस्य (pañcendriyasya) - of the five senses; मर्त्यस्य (martyasya) - of the mortal; छिद्रं (chidraṃ) - hole; चेत् (cet) - if; एकम् (ekam) - one; इन्द्रियम् (indriyam) - sense; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अस्य (asya) - his; स्रवति (sravati) - flows; प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; दृतेः (dṛteḥ) - from firmness; पादात् (pādāt) - from the foot; इव (iva) - like; उदकम् (udakam) - water;]
(If there is a hole in one of the five senses of a mortal, then his wisdom flows away from firmness like water from the foot.)
If a mortal has a flaw in one of his five senses, his wisdom drains away from his resolve like water from a foot.
षड्दोषाः पुरुषेणेह हातव्या भूतिमिच्छता। निद्रा तन्द्री भयं क्रोध आलस्यं दीर्घसूत्रता ॥५-३३-६६॥
ṣaḍdoṣāḥ puruṣeṇeha hātavyā bhūtimicchatā। nidrā tandrī bhayaṃ krodha ālasyaṃ dīrghasūtratā ॥5-33-66॥
[षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - flaws; पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person; इह (iha) - here; हातव्या (hātavyā) - should be abandoned; भूतिम् (bhūtim) - prosperity; इच्छता (icchatā) - desiring; निद्रा (nidrā) - sleep; तन्द्रा (tandrā) - lethargy; भयम् (bhayam) - fear; क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger; आलस्यम् (ālasyaṃ) - laziness; दीर्घसूत्रता (dīrghasūtratā) - procrastination;]
(Here, six flaws should be abandoned by a person desiring prosperity: sleep, lethargy, fear, anger, laziness, and procrastination.)
A person who desires prosperity should abandon six flaws: sleep, lethargy, fear, anger, laziness, and procrastination.
षडिमान्पुरुषो जह्याद्भिन्नां नावमिवार्णवे। अप्रवक्तारमाचार्यमनधीयानमृत्विजम् ॥५-३३-६७॥
ṣaḍimān puruṣo jahyād bhinnāṃ nāvam ivārṇave। apravaktāram ācāryam anadhīyānam ṛtvijam ॥5-33-67॥
[षडिमान् (ṣaḍimān) - six qualities possessing; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; जह्यात् (jahyāt) - should abandon; भिन्नाम् (bhinnām) - broken; नावम् (nāvam) - boat; इव (iva) - like; अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean; अप्रवक्तारम् (apravaktāram) - non-speaking; आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - teacher; अनधीयानम् (anadhīyānam) - non-studying; ऋत्विजम् (ṛtvijam) - priest;]
(A man possessing six qualities should abandon a broken boat in the ocean, a non-speaking teacher, and a non-studying priest.)
A wise person should avoid relying on things that are broken or ineffective, just as one would not trust a broken boat in the ocean, a teacher who does not teach, or a priest who does not study.
अरक्षितारं राजानं भार्यां चाप्रियवादिनीम्। ग्रामकामं च गोपालं वनकामं च नापितम् ॥५-३३-६८॥
arakṣitāraṃ rājānaṃ bhāryāṃ cāpriyavādinīm। grāmakāmaṃ ca gopālaṃ vanakāmaṃ ca nāpitam ॥5-33-68॥
[अरक्षितारं (arakṣitāram) - one who does not protect; राजानं (rājānam) - king; भार्यां (bhāryām) - wife; च (ca) - and; अप्रियवादिनीम् (apriyavādinīm) - one who speaks unpleasantly; ग्रामकामं (grāmakāmam) - desirous of village; च (ca) - and; गोपालं (gopālam) - cowherd; वनकामं (vanakāmam) - desirous of forest; च (ca) - and; नापितम् (nāpitam) - barber;]
(One who does not protect the king, a wife who speaks unpleasantly, a cowherd desirous of village, and a barber desirous of forest.)
A king who does not protect, a wife who speaks unpleasantly, a cowherd who desires the village, and a barber who desires the forest are all undesirable.
षडेव तु गुणाः पुंसा न हातव्याः कदाचन। सत्यं दानमनालस्यमनसूया क्षमा धृतिः ॥५-३३-६९॥
ṣaḍeva tu guṇāḥ puṁsā na hātavyāḥ kadācana। satyaṁ dānam anālasyam anasūyā kṣamā dhṛtiḥ ॥5-33-69॥
[षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; एव (eva) - indeed; तु (tu) - but; गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities; पुंसा (puṁsā) - by a person; न (na) - not; हातव्याः (hātavyāḥ) - to be abandoned; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever; सत्यं (satyaṁ) - truth; दानम् (dānam) - charity; अनालस्यम् (anālasyam) - diligence; अनसूया (anasūyā) - non-envy; क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness; धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude;]
(Indeed, six qualities should never be abandoned by a person: truth, charity, diligence, non-envy, forgiveness, and fortitude.)
A person should always uphold six qualities: truth, charity, diligence, non-envy, forgiveness, and fortitude, as they are essential virtues.
षण्णामात्मनि नित्यानामैश्वर्यं योऽधिगच्छति। न स पापैः कुतोऽनर्थैर्युज्यते विजितेन्द्रियः ॥५-३३-७०॥
ṣaṇṇām ātmani nityānām aiśvaryaṃ yo'dhigacchati। na sa pāpaiḥ kuto'narthair yujyate vijitendriyaḥ ॥5-33-70॥
[षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - of the six; आत्मनि (ātmani) - in oneself; नित्यानाम् (nityānām) - eternal; ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - sovereignty; यः (yaḥ) - who; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - attains; न (na) - not; सः (saḥ) - he; पापैः (pāpaiḥ) - by sins; कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where; अनर्थैः (anarthaiḥ) - by misfortunes; युज्यते (yujyate) - is afflicted; विजितेन्द्रियः (vijitendriyaḥ) - one who has conquered the senses;]
(He who attains sovereignty over the eternal six within oneself is not afflicted by sins or misfortunes, having conquered the senses.)
One who has achieved mastery over the eternal six aspects within oneself is not troubled by sins or misfortunes, as he has control over his senses.
षडिमे षट्सु जीवन्ति सप्तमो नोपलभ्यते। चोराः प्रमत्ते जीवन्ति व्याधितेषु चिकित्सकाः ॥५-३३-७१॥
ṣaḍime ṣaṭsu jīvanti saptamo nopalabhyate। corāḥ pramatte jīvanti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ ॥5-33-71॥
[षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; इमे (ime) - these; षट्सु (ṣaṭsu) - among six; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - live; सप्तमः (saptamaḥ) - seventh; न (na) - not; उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is found; चोराः (corāḥ) - thieves; प्रमत्ते (pramatte) - in inattentive; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - live; व्याधितेषु (vyādhiteṣu) - in diseased; चिकित्सकाः (cikitsakāḥ) - doctors;]
(These six live among the six, the seventh is not found. Thieves live in the inattentive, doctors in the diseased.)
These six live among the six, but the seventh is not found. Thieves thrive when people are inattentive, and doctors are needed when people are diseased.
प्रमदाः कामयानेषु यजमानेषु याजकाः। राजा विवदमानेषु नित्यं मूर्खेषु पण्डिताः ॥५-३३-७२॥
pramadāḥ kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yājakāḥ। rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṃ mūrkheṣu paṇḍitāḥ ॥5-33-72॥
[प्रमदाः (pramadāḥ) - women; कामयानेषु (kāmayāneṣu) - in desirous; यजमानेषु (yajamāneṣu) - in sacrificers; याजकाः (yājakāḥ) - priests; राजा (rājā) - king; विवदमानेषु (vivadamāneṣu) - in disputing; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; मूर्खेषु (mūrkheṣu) - in fools; पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - scholars;]
(Women are desirous, priests are in sacrificers, the king is always in disputing, scholars are in fools.)
Women desire those who perform sacrifices, priests are with sacrificers, the king is always involved in disputes, and scholars are among fools.
सप्त दोषाः सदा राज्ञा हातव्या व्यसनोदयाः। प्रायशो यैर्विनश्यन्ति कृतमूलाश्च पार्थिवाः ॥५-३३-७३॥
sapta doṣāḥ sadā rājñā hātavyā vyasanodayāḥ। prāyaśo yairvinaśyanti kṛtamūlāśca pārthivāḥ ॥5-33-73॥
[सप्त (sapta) - seven; दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults; सदा (sadā) - always; राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king; हातव्या (hātavyā) - must be removed; व्यसनोदयाः (vyasanodayāḥ) - causing calamities; प्रायशः (prāyaśaḥ) - generally; यैः (yaiḥ) - by which; विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - perish; कृतमूलाः (kṛtamūlāḥ) - well-established; च (ca) - and; पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings;]
(Seven faults must always be removed by the king, causing calamities, by which generally well-established kings perish.)
Kings must always eliminate the seven faults that lead to calamities, as these often cause even well-established rulers to fall.
स्त्रियोऽक्षा मृगया पानं वाक्पारुष्यं च पञ्चमम्। महच्च दण्डपारुष्यमर्थदूषणमेव च ॥५-३३-७४॥
striyo'kṣā mṛgayā pānaṃ vākpāruṣyaṃ ca pañcamam। mahacca daṇḍapāruṣyamarthadūṣaṇameva ca ॥5-33-74॥
[स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; अक्षाः (akṣāḥ) - dice; मृगया (mṛgayā) - hunting; पानम् (pānam) - drinking; वाक्पारुष्यं (vākpāruṣyam) - harsh speech; च (ca) - and; पञ्चमम् (pañcamam) - fifth; महत् (mahat) - great; च (ca) - and; दण्डपारुष्यम् (daṇḍapāruṣyam) - harsh punishment; अर्थदूषणम् (arthadūṣaṇam) - corruption of wealth; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and;]
(Women, dice, hunting, drinking, and harsh speech are the five; and great harsh punishment and corruption of wealth indeed.)
The five vices are women, dice, hunting, drinking, and harsh speech; along with severe punishment and corruption of wealth.
अष्टौ पूर्वनिमित्तानि नरस्य विनशिष्यतः। ब्राह्मणान्प्रथमं द्वेष्टि ब्राह्मणैश्च विरुध्यते ॥५-३३-७५॥
aṣṭau pūrvanimittāni narasya vinaśiṣyataḥ। brāhmaṇānprathamaṃ dveṣṭi brāhmaṇaiśca virudhyate ॥5-33-75॥
[अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight; पूर्वनिमित्तानि (pūrvanimittāni) - previous omens; नरस्य (narasya) - of a man; विनशिष्यतः (vinaśiṣyataḥ) - about to perish; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins; प्रथमं (prathamaṃ) - first; द्वेष्टि (dveṣṭi) - hates; ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - with Brahmins; च (ca) - and; विरुध्यते (virudhyate) - opposes;]
(Eight previous omens of a man about to perish: first, he hates Brahmins and opposes with Brahmins.)
There are eight omens that foretell the downfall of a man: firstly, he begins to hate Brahmins and opposes them.
ब्राह्मणस्वानि चादत्ते ब्राह्मणांश्च जिघांसति। रमते निन्दया चैषां प्रशंसां नाभिनन्दति ॥५-३३-७६॥
brāhmaṇasvāni cādatte brāhmaṇāṃśca jighāṃsati। ramate nindayā caiṣāṃ praśaṃsāṃ nābhinandati ॥5-33-76॥
[ब्राह्मणस्वानि (brāhmaṇasvāni) - the possessions of the Brahmins; च (ca) - and; आदत्ते (ādatte) - takes away; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - the Brahmins; च (ca) - and; जिघांसति (jighāṃsati) - desires to harm; रमते (ramate) - delights; निन्दया (nindayā) - in criticism; च (ca) - and; एषाम् (eṣām) - their; प्रशंसाम् (praśaṃsām) - praise; न (na) - not; अभिनन्दति (abhinandati) - welcomes;]
(He takes away the possessions of the Brahmins and desires to harm the Brahmins. He delights in criticism and does not welcome their praise.)
He seizes the possessions of the Brahmins and seeks to harm them. He finds joy in criticizing them and does not appreciate their praise.
नैतान्स्मरति कृत्येषु याचितश्चाभ्यसूयति। एतान्दोषान्नरः प्राज्ञो बुद्ध्या बुद्ध्वा विवर्जयेत् ॥५-३३-७७॥
naitān smarati kṛtyeṣu yācitaś cābhyasūyati। etān doṣān naraḥ prājño buddhyā buddhvā vivarjayet ॥5-33-77॥
[न (na) - not; एतान् (etān) - these; स्मरति (smarati) - remembers; कृत्येषु (kṛtyeṣu) - in duties; याचितः (yācitaḥ) - requested; च (ca) - and; अभ्यसूयति (abhyasūyati) - envies; एतान् (etān) - these; दोषान् (doṣān) - faults; नरः (naraḥ) - man; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - with wisdom; बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having understood; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid;]
(A wise man does not remember these in duties, nor does he envy when requested. Having understood these faults with wisdom, he should avoid them.)
A wise person does not dwell on these matters in his duties, nor does he become envious when asked. Recognizing these faults with understanding, he should avoid them.
अष्टाविमानि हर्षस्य नवनीतानि भारत। वर्तमानानि दृश्यन्ते तान्येव सुसुखान्यपि ॥५-३३-७८॥
aṣṭāvimāni harṣasya navanītāni bhārata। vartamānāni dṛśyante tānyeva susukhānyapi ॥5-33-78॥
[अष्टाविमानि (aṣṭāvimāni) - these eight; हर्षस्य (harṣasya) - of joy; नवनीतानि (navanītāni) - newly obtained; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata; वर्तमानानि (vartamānāni) - present; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; तानि (tāni) - those; एव (eva) - indeed; सुसुखानि (susukhāni) - very pleasant; अपि (api) - also;]
(These eight newly obtained joys, O Bharata, are seen as those very pleasant ones also present.)
O Bharata, these eight newly obtained joys are indeed seen as very pleasant and are also present.
समागमश्च सखिभिर्महांश्चैव धनागमः। पुत्रेण च परिष्वङ्गः संनिपातश्च मैथुने ॥५-३३-७९॥
samāgamaśca sakhibhirmahāṃścaiva dhanāgamaḥ। putreṇa ca pariṣvaṅgaḥ saṃnipātaśca maithune ॥5-33-79॥
[समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - meeting; च (ca) - and; सखिभिः (sakhibhiḥ) - with friends; महान् (mahān) - great; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; धनागमः (dhanāgamaḥ) - wealth acquisition; पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - with son; च (ca) - and; परिष्वङ्गः (pariṣvaṅgaḥ) - embrace; संनिपातः (saṃnipātaḥ) - union; च (ca) - and; मैथुने (maithune) - in intercourse;]
(Meeting with friends, great indeed is the acquisition of wealth; with the son, an embrace, and union in intercourse.)
There is a meeting with friends, a great acquisition of wealth, an embrace with the son, and a union in intercourse.
समये च प्रियालापः स्वयूथेषु च संनतिः। अभिप्रेतस्य लाभश्च पूजा च जनसंसदि ॥५-३३-८०॥
samaye ca priyālāpaḥ svayūtheṣu ca saṃnatiḥ। abhipretasya lābhaśca pūjā ca janasaṃsadi ॥5-33-80॥
[समये (samaye) - at the right time; च (ca) - and; प्रियालापः (priyālāpaḥ) - pleasant conversation; स्वयूथेषु (svayūtheṣu) - in one's own groups; च (ca) - and; संनतिः (saṃnatiḥ) - humility; अभिप्रेतस्य (abhipretasya) - desired; लाभः (lābhaḥ) - gain; च (ca) - and; पूजा (pūjā) - respect; च (ca) - and; जनसंसदि (janasaṃsadi) - in public assembly;]
(At the right time, pleasant conversation and humility in one's own groups; gain of the desired and respect in public assembly.)
At the right time, engaging in pleasant conversations and showing humility within one's own groups, gaining what is desired, and receiving respect in public assemblies.
नवद्वारमिदं वेश्म त्रिस्थूणं पञ्चसाक्षिकम्। क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितं विद्वान्यो वेद स परः कविः ॥५-३३-८१॥
navadvāramidaṃ veśma tristhūṇaṃ pañcasākṣikam। kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitaṃ vidvānyo veda sa paraḥ kaviḥ ॥5-33-81॥
[नवद्वारम् (navadvāram) - nine-gated; इदं (idaṃ) - this; वेश्म (veśma) - abode; त्रिस्थूणम् (tristhūṇam) - three-pillared; पञ्चसाक्षिकम् (pañcasākṣikam) - five-witnessed; क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितम् (kṣetrajñādhiṣṭhitam) - inhabited by the knower of the field; विद्वान् (vidvān) - wise; यः (yaḥ) - who; वेद (veda) - knows; सः (saḥ) - he; परः (paraḥ) - supreme; कविः (kaviḥ) - poet;]
(This nine-gated abode, three-pillared and five-witnessed, inhabited by the knower of the field, he who knows is the supreme poet.)
The wise one who understands this body, described as a nine-gated city with three pillars and five witnesses, is considered the supreme sage or poet.
दश धर्मं न जानन्ति धृतराष्ट्र निबोध तान्। मत्तः प्रमत्त उन्मत्तः श्रान्तः क्रुद्धो बुभुक्षितः ॥५-३३-८२॥
daśa dharmaṁ na jānanti dhṛtarāṣṭra nibodha tān। mattaḥ pramatta unmattḥ śrāntaḥ kruddho bubhukṣitaḥ ॥5-33-82॥
[दश (daśa) - ten; धर्मं (dharmaṁ) - virtues; न (na) - not; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; तान् (tān) - them; मत्तः (mattaḥ) - intoxicated; प्रमत्त (pramatta) - careless; उन्मत्तः (unmattaḥ) - mad; श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; बुभुक्षितः (bubhukṣitaḥ) - hungry;]
(O Dhritarashtra, understand that ten do not know virtues: the intoxicated, the careless, the mad, the tired, the angry, and the hungry.)
O Dhritarashtra, be aware that ten types of people do not understand virtues: those who are intoxicated, careless, mad, tired, angry, and hungry.
त्वरमाणश्च भीरुश्च लुब्धः कामी च ते दश। तस्मादेतेषु भावेषु न प्रसज्जेत पण्डितः ॥५-३३-८३॥
tvaramāṇaśca bhīruśca lubdhaḥ kāmī ca te daśa। tasmādeteṣu bhāveṣu na prasajjeta paṇḍitaḥ ॥5-33-83॥
[त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hasty; च (ca) - and; भीरुः (bhīruḥ) - fearful; च (ca) - and; लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - greedy; कामी (kāmī) - desirous; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - those; दश (daśa) - ten; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; एतेषु (eteṣu) - in these; भावेषु (bhāveṣu) - states; न (na) - not; प्रसज्जेत (prasajjeta) - should indulge; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person;]
(Hasty and fearful and greedy and desirous are those ten. Therefore, in these states, a wise person should not indulge.)
A wise person should not indulge in these ten states: being hasty, fearful, greedy, and desirous.
अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। पुत्रार्थमसुरेन्द्रेण गीतं चैव सुधन्वना ॥५-३३-८४॥
atraivodāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam। putrārtham asurendreṇa gītaṃ caiva sudhanvanā ॥5-33-84॥
[अत्र (atra) - here; एव (eva) - indeed; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they recite; इमम् (imam) - this; इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - history; पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient; पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son; असुरेन्द्रेण (asurendreṇa) - by the lord of demons; गीतम् (gītam) - sung; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सुधन्वना (sudhanvanā) - by Sudhanvan;]
(Here indeed they recite this ancient history, sung by the lord of demons for the sake of a son, and indeed by Sudhanvan.)
Here, they recount this ancient tale, sung by the lord of demons for the desire of a son, and also by Sudhanvan.
यः काममन्यू प्रजहाति राजा; पात्रे प्रतिष्ठापयते धनं च। विशेषविच्छ्रुतवान्क्षिप्रकारी; तं सर्वलोकः कुरुते प्रमाणम् ॥५-३३-८५॥
yaḥ kāmamanyū prajahāti rājā; pātre pratiṣṭhāpayate dhanaṃ ca। viśeṣavicchrutavānkṣiprakārī; taṃ sarvalokaḥ kurute pramāṇam ॥5-33-85॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; काममन्यू (kāmamanyū) - desires and anger; प्रजहाति (prajahāti) - abandons; राजा (rājā) - king; पात्रे (pātre) - to the deserving; प्रतिष्ठापयते (pratiṣṭhāpayate) - establishes; धनं (dhanam) - wealth; च (ca) - and; विशेषविच्छ्रुतवान् (viśeṣavicchrutavān) - well-known for discernment; क्षिप्रकारी (kṣiprakārī) - quick to act; तं (tam) - him; सर्वलोकः (sarvalokaḥ) - all people; कुरुते (kurute) - make; प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - a standard;]
(The king who abandons desires and anger, establishes wealth to the deserving, is well-known for discernment and quick to act; all people make him a standard.)
A king who forsakes desires and anger, allocates wealth to the deserving, is renowned for his discernment and swift actions, is regarded as a standard by all people.
जानाति विश्वासयितुं मनुष्या; न्विज्ञातदोषेषु दधाति दण्डम्। जानाति मात्रां च तथा क्षमां च; तं तादृशं श्रीर्जुषते समग्रा ॥५-३३-८६॥
jānāti viśvāsayituṃ manuṣyā; nvijñātadoṣeṣu dadhāti daṇḍam। jānāti mātrāṃ ca tathā kṣamāṃ ca; taṃ tādṛśaṃ śrīrjuṣate samagrā ॥5-33-86॥
[जानाति (jānāti) - knows; विश्वासयितुं (viśvāsayituṃ) - to trust; मनुष्या (manuṣyā) - humans; अविज्ञातदोषेषु (avijñātadoṣeṣu) - in unknown faults; दधाति (dadhāti) - places; दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment; जानाति (jānāti) - knows; मात्रां (mātrāṃ) - measure; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - also; क्षमां (kṣamāṃ) - forgiveness; च (ca) - and; तम् (tam) - him; तादृशं (tādṛśaṃ) - such; श्रीः (śrīḥ) - prosperity; जुषते (juṣate) - favors; समग्रा (samagrā) - completely;]
(He knows to trust humans; places punishment in unknown faults. He knows the measure and also forgiveness; prosperity completely favors such a one.)
He understands whom to trust among humans and punishes unknown faults. He knows the measure and forgiveness; prosperity completely favors such a person.
सुदुर्बलं नावजानाति कं चि; द्युक्तो रिपुं सेवते बुद्धिपूर्वम्। न विग्रहं रोचयते बलस्थैः; काले च यो विक्रमते स धीरः ॥५-३३-८७॥
sudurbalaṁ nāvajānāti kaṁ ci; dyukto ripuṁ sevate buddhipūrvam। na vigrahaṁ rocate balasthaiḥ; kāle ca yo vikramate sa dhīraḥ ॥5-33-87॥
[सुदुर्बलं (sudurbalam) - very weak; न (na) - not; अवजानाति (avajānāti) - despises; कं (kaṁ) - anyone; चि (ci) - at all; द्युक्तः (dyuktaḥ) - engaged; रिपुं (ripum) - enemy; सेवते (sevate) - serves; बुद्धिपूर्वम् (buddhipūrvam) - with intelligence; न (na) - not; विग्रहम् (vigraham) - conflict; रोचयते (rocayate) - likes; बलस्थैः (balasthaiḥ) - with the strong; काले (kāle) - in time; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; विक्रमते (vikramate) - acts; सः (saḥ) - he; धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise;]
(He does not despise anyone who is very weak; he serves the enemy with intelligence. He does not like conflict with the strong; and he who acts in time is wise.)
A wise person does not underestimate anyone who appears weak; he strategically engages with adversaries. He avoids conflicts with those who are powerful and acts wisely at the right time.
प्राप्यापदं न व्यथते कदा चि; दुद्योगमन्विच्छति चाप्रमत्तः। दुःखं च काले सहते जितात्मा; धुरन्धरस्तस्य जिताः सपत्नाः ॥५-३३-८८॥
prāpyāpadaṁ na vyathate kadā ci; dudyogamanvicchati cāpramattaḥ। duḥkhaṁ ca kāle sahate jitātmā; dhurandharastasya jitāḥ sapatnāḥ ॥5-33-88॥
[प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained; आपदं (āpadaṁ) - calamity; न (na) - not; व्यथते (vyathate) - is disturbed; कदा चित् (kadā cit) - at any time; दुद्योगम् (dudyogam) - effort; अन्विच्छति (anvicchati) - seeks; च (ca) - and; अप्रमत्तः (apramattaḥ) - vigilant; दुःखं (duḥkhaṁ) - pain; च (ca) - and; काले (kāle) - in time; सहते (sahate) - endures; जितात्मा (jitātmā) - self-controlled; धुरन्धरः (dhurandharaḥ) - a leader; तस्य (tasya) - his; जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered; सपत्नाः (sapatnāḥ) - enemies;]
(Having attained calamity, he is not disturbed at any time; he seeks effort and is vigilant. The self-controlled endures pain in time; his enemies are conquered by the leader.)
When faced with calamity, he remains undisturbed at all times; he diligently seeks effort and remains vigilant. The self-controlled individual endures pain in due time; his enemies are conquered by his leadership.
अनर्थकं विप्रवासं गृहेभ्यः; पापैः सन्धिं परदाराभिमर्शम्। दम्भं स्तैन्यं पैशुनं मद्यपानं; न सेवते यः स सुखी सदैव ॥५-३३-८९॥
anarthakaṁ vipravāsaṁ gṛhebhyaḥ; pāpaiḥ sandhiṁ paradārābhimarśam। dambhaṁ stainyaṁ paiśunaṁ madyapānaṁ; na sevate yaḥ sa sukhī sadaiva ॥5-33-89॥
[अनर्थकं (anarthakaṁ) - meaningless; विप्रवासं (vipravāsaṁ) - exile; गृहेभ्यः (gṛhebhyaḥ) - from homes; पापैः (pāpaiḥ) - with sins; सन्धिं (sandhiṁ) - association; परदाराभिमर्शम् (paradārābhimarśam) - touching others' wives; दम्भं (dambhaṁ) - hypocrisy; स्तैन्यं (stainyaṁ) - theft; पैशुनं (paiśunaṁ) - slander; मद्यपानं (madyapānaṁ) - drinking alcohol; न (na) - not; सेवते (sevate) - practices; यः (yaḥ) - who; स (sa) - he; सुखी (sukhī) - happy; सदैव (sadaiva) - always;]
(One who does not engage in meaningless exile from homes, association with sins, touching others' wives, hypocrisy, theft, slander, or drinking alcohol, he is always happy.)
A person who refrains from pointless exile, sinful associations, infidelity, deceit, theft, slander, and intoxication is perpetually content.
न संरम्भेणारभतेऽर्थवर्ग; माकारितः शंसति तथ्यमेव। न मात्रार्थे रोचयते विवादं; नापूजितः कुप्यति चाप्यमूढः ॥५-३३-९०॥
na saṁrambheṇārabhate'rthavarga; mākāritaḥ śaṁsati tathyameva। na mātrārthe rocate vivādaṁ; nāpūjitaḥ kupyati cāpyamūḍhaḥ ॥5-33-90॥
[न (na) - not; संरम्भेण (saṁrambheṇa) - with excitement; आरभते (ārabhate) - begins; अर्थवर्ग (arthavarga) - wealth group; माकारितः (mākāritaḥ) - made to do; शंसति (śaṁsati) - praises; तथ्यमेव (tathyameva) - truth only; न (na) - not; मात्रार्थे (mātrārthe) - for mere gain; रोचयते (rocayate) - engages in; विवादं (vivādaṁ) - dispute; न (na) - not; अपूजितः (apūjitaḥ) - unhonored; कुप्यति (kupyati) - gets angry; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - wise one;]
(The wise one does not begin a wealth group with excitement; when made to do, he praises only the truth. He does not engage in a dispute for mere gain; nor does he get angry when unhonored.)
A wise person does not start a venture for wealth with excitement; when compelled, he speaks only the truth. He does not engage in disputes for trivial gains, nor does he become angry when not honored.
न योऽभ्यसूयत्यनुकम्पते च; न दुर्बलः प्रातिभाव्यं करोति। नात्याह किञ्चित्क्षमते विवादं; सर्वत्र तादृग्लभते प्रशंसाम् ॥५-३३-९१॥
na yo'bhyasūyaty anukampate ca; na durbalaḥ prātibhāvyaṃ karoti। nātyāha kiñcit kṣamate vivādaṃ; sarvatra tādṛglabhate praśaṃsām ॥5-33-91॥
[न (na) - not; यः (yaḥ) - who; अभ्यसूयति (abhyasūyati) - envies; अनुकम्पते (anukampate) - compassionate; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak; प्रातिभाव्यं (prātibhāvyaṃ) - intelligence; करोति (karoti) - does; न (na) - not; अत्याह (atyāha) - speaks excessively; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; क्षमते (kṣamate) - forgives; विवादं (vivādaṃ) - argument; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; तादृक् (tādṛk) - such a person; लभते (labhate) - obtains; प्रशंसाम् (praśaṃsām) - praise;]
(He who does not envy, is compassionate, is not weak, does not act with intelligence, does not speak excessively, forgives arguments, such a person obtains praise everywhere.)
A person who neither envies nor lacks compassion, who is not weak and does not act impulsively, who does not speak excessively and forgives arguments, is praised everywhere.
यो नोद्धतं कुरुते जातु वेषं; न पौरुषेणापि विकत्थतेऽन्यान्। न मूर्च्छितः कटुकान्याह किं चि; त्प्रियं सदा तं कुरुते जनोऽपि ॥५-३३-९२॥
yo noddhataṃ kurute jātu veṣaṃ; na pauruṣeṇāpi vikatthate'nyān। na mūrcchitaḥ kaṭukānyāha kiṃ ci; tpriyaṃ sadā taṃ kurute jano'pi ॥5-33-92॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; उद्धतम् (uddhatam) - arrogant; कुरुते (kurute) - does; जातु (jātu) - ever; वेषम् (veṣam) - appearance; न (na) - not; पौरुषेण (pauruṣeṇa) - with strength; अपि (api) - even; विकत्थते (vikatthate) - boasts; अन्यान् (anyān) - others; न (na) - not; मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - deluded; कटुकानि (kaṭukāni) - harsh words; आह (āha) - speaks; किं चित् (kiṃ cit) - anything; प्रियम् (priyam) - pleasant; सदा (sadā) - always; तम् (tam) - him; कुरुते (kurute) - does; जनः (janaḥ) - people; अपि (api) - also;]
(Who never makes an arrogant appearance, nor boasts to others with strength, nor speaks harsh words in delusion, always makes people also pleasant to him.)
A person who never shows arrogance, does not boast about his strength to others, and does not speak harshly in delusion, always finds people being pleasant to him.
न वैरमुद्दीपयति प्रशान्तं; न दर्पमारोहति नास्तमेति। न दुर्गतोऽस्मीति करोति मन्युं; तमार्यशीलं परमाहुरग्र्यम् ॥५-३३-९३॥
na vairamuddīpayati praśāntaṁ; na darpamārohati nāstameti। na durgato'smīti karoti manyuṁ; tamāryaśīlaṁ paramāhuragryam ॥5-33-93॥
[न (na) - not; वैरम् (vairam) - enmity; उद्दीपयति (uddīpayati) - inflames; प्रशान्तं (praśāntaṁ) - calm; न (na) - not; दर्पम् (darpam) - pride; आरोहति (ārohati) - ascends; न (na) - not; अस्तम् (astam) - down; एति (eti) - goes; न (na) - not; दुर्गतः (durgataḥ) - fallen; अस्मि (asmi) - am; इति (iti) - thus; करोति (karoti) - makes; मन्युम् (manyum) - anger; तम् (tam) - that; आर्यशीलम् (āryaśīlam) - noble character; परम् (param) - supreme; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; अग्र्यम् (agryam) - excellent;]
(Not inflaming enmity, calm; not ascending pride, not going down. Not making anger, thinking 'I am fallen'; they say that noble character is supreme and excellent.)
A person with a noble character does not inflame enmity, remains calm, does not let pride ascend, and does not fall into despair thinking 'I am fallen'. Such a character is considered supreme and excellent.
न स्वे सुखे वै कुरुते प्रहर्षं; नान्यस्य दुःखे भवति प्रतीतः। दत्त्वा न पश्चात्कुरुतेऽनुतापं; न कत्थते सत्पुरुषार्यशीलः ॥५-३३-९४॥
na sve sukhe vai kurute praharṣaṁ; nānyasya duḥkhe bhavati pratītaḥ। dattvā na paścātkurute'nutāpaṁ; na katthate satpuruṣāryaśīlaḥ ॥5-33-94॥
[न (na) - not; स्वे (sve) - in own; सुखे (sukhe) - happiness; वै (vai) - indeed; कुरुते (kurute) - does; प्रहर्षं (praharṣaṁ) - exultation; न (na) - not; अन्यस्य (anyasya) - another's; दुःखे (duḥkhe) - sorrow; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - affected; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; न (na) - not; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; कुरुते (kurute) - does; अनुतापं (anutāpaṁ) - regret; न (na) - not; कत्थते (katthate) - boasts; सत्पुरुष (satpuruṣa) - a noble person; आर्य (ārya) - honorable; शीलः (śīlaḥ) - character;]
(A noble person of honorable character does not exult in his own happiness, nor is he affected by another's sorrow. Having given, he does not regret afterwards, nor does he boast.)
A noble person with honorable character neither rejoices in his own happiness nor is disturbed by the sorrow of others. After giving, he does not feel regret, nor does he boast about it.
देशाचारान्समयाञ्जातिधर्मा; न्बुभूषते यस्तु परावरज्ञः। स तत्र तत्राधिगतः सदैव; महाजनस्याधिपत्यं करोति ॥५-३३-९५॥
deśācārān samayāñ jātidharmā; nbubhūṣate yastu parāvarajñaḥ। sa tatra tatrādhigataḥ sadaiva; mahājanasya adhipatyaṃ karoti ॥5-33-95॥
[देशाचारान् (deśācārān) - customs of the country; समयान् (samayān) - conventions; जातिधर्मान् (jātidharmān) - caste duties; न (na) - not; बुभूषते (bubhūṣate) - desires; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; परावरज्ञः (parāvarajñaḥ) - knower of the higher and lower; सः (saḥ) - he; तत्र (tatra) - there; तत्र (tatra) - there; अधिगतः (adhigataḥ) - obtained; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; महाजनस्य (mahājanasya) - of the great people; अधिपत्यम् (adhipatyam) - sovereignty; करोति (karoti) - makes;]
(He who does not desire the customs of the country, conventions, and caste duties, but is a knower of the higher and lower, he always obtains sovereignty over the great people there and there.)
The one who does not wish to follow the local customs, conventions, and caste duties, but understands the higher and lower truths, always gains leadership among the great people wherever he goes.
दम्भं मोहं मत्सरं पापकृत्यं; राजद्विष्टं पैशुनं पूगवैरम्। मत्तोन्मत्तैर्दुर्जनैश्चापि वादं; यः प्रज्ञावान्वर्जयेत्स प्रधानः ॥५-३३-९६॥
dambhaṁ mohaṁ matsaraṁ pāpakṛtyaṁ; rājadviṣṭaṁ paiśunaṁ pūgavairam। mattonmattairdurjanaiścāpi vādaṁ; yaḥ prajñāvānvarjayetsa pradhānaḥ ॥5-33-96॥
[दम्भं (dambhaṁ) - hypocrisy; मोहं (mohaṁ) - delusion; मत्सरं (matsaraṁ) - envy; पापकृत्यं (pāpakṛtyaṁ) - evil deeds; राजद्विष्टं (rājadviṣṭaṁ) - hated by kings; पैशुनं (paiśunaṁ) - slander; पूगवैरम् (pūgavairam) - group enmity; मत्तोन्मत्तैः (mattonmattaiḥ) - by the intoxicated and insane; दुर्जनैः (durjanaiḥ) - by wicked people; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; वादं (vādaṁ) - argument; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रज्ञावान् (prajñāvān) - wise; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; सः (saḥ) - he; प्रधानः (pradhānaḥ) - is eminent;]
(Hypocrisy, delusion, envy, evil deeds; hated by kings, slander, group enmity; argument by the intoxicated, insane, and wicked people; who is wise should avoid; he is eminent.)
A wise person should avoid hypocrisy, delusion, envy, evil deeds, slander, and arguments with intoxicated, insane, or wicked people, as these are despised by kings and lead to group enmity. Such a person is considered eminent.
दमं शौचं दैवतं मङ्गलानि; प्रायश्चित्तं विविधाँल्लोकवादान्। एतानि यः कुरुते नैत्यकानि; तस्योत्थानं देवता राधयन्ति ॥५-३३-९७॥
damaṁ śaucaṁ daivataṁ maṅgalāni; prāyaścittaṁ vividhāṁllokavādān। etāni yaḥ kurute naityakāni; tasyotthānaṁ devatā rādhayanti ॥5-33-97॥
[दमं (damaṁ) - self-control; शौचं (śaucaṁ) - purity; दैवतं (daivataṁ) - divinity; मङ्गलानि (maṅgalāni) - auspicious acts; प्रायश्चित्तं (prāyaścittaṁ) - atonement; विविधाँल्लोकवादान् (vividhāṁllokavādān) - various worldly opinions; एतानि (etāni) - these; यः (yaḥ) - who; कुरुते (kurute) - performs; नैत्यकानि (naityakāni) - regularly; तस्य (tasya) - his; उत्थानं (utthānaṁ) - rise; देवता (devatā) - deities; राधयन्ति (rādhayanti) - promote;]
(Self-control, purity, divinity, auspicious acts, atonement, and various worldly opinions; these, who performs regularly; his rise, deities promote.)
The deities promote the rise of one who regularly performs self-control, purity, divinity, auspicious acts, atonement, and considers various worldly opinions.
समैर्विवाहं कुरुते न हीनैः; समैः सख्यं व्यवहारं कथाश्च। गुणैर्विशिष्टांश्च पुरोदधाति; विपश्चितस्तस्य नयाः सुनीताः ॥५-३३-९८॥
samairvivāhaṃ kurute na hīnaiḥ; samaiḥ sakhyaṃ vyavahāraṃ kathāśca। guṇairviśiṣṭāṃśca purodadhāti; vipaścitastasya nayāḥ sunītāḥ ॥5-33-98॥
[समैः (samaiḥ) - with equals; विवाहं (vivāhaṃ) - marriage; कुरुते (kurute) - does; न (na) - not; हीनैः (hīnaiḥ) - with inferiors; समैः (samaiḥ) - with equals; सख्यम् (sakhyam) - friendship; व्यवहारं (vyavahāraṃ) - conduct; कथाः (kathāḥ) - conversations; च (ca) - and; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - with qualities; विशिष्टान् (viśiṣṭān) - distinguished; च (ca) - and; पुरोदधाति (purodadhāti) - appoints; विपश्चितः (vipaścitaḥ) - wise; तस्य (tasya) - his; नयाः (nayāḥ) - policies; सुनीताः (sunītāḥ) - well-guided;]
(One does not marry with inferiors, but with equals; one forms friendships, conducts, and conversations with equals. The wise appoint those distinguished by qualities; his policies are well-guided.)
A wise person forms relationships and conducts with equals, not inferiors. They appoint those who are distinguished by their qualities, ensuring their policies are well-guided.
मितं भुङ्क्ते संविभज्याश्रितेभ्यो; मितं स्वपित्यमितं कर्म कृत्वा। ददात्यमित्रेष्वपि याचितः सं; स्तमात्मवन्तं प्रजहत्यनर्थाः ॥५-३३-९९॥
mitaṁ bhuṅkte saṁvibhajyāśritebhyo; mitaṁ svapityamitaṁ karma kṛtvā। dadātyamitreṣvapi yācitaḥ saṁ; stamātmavantaṁ prajahatyanarthāḥ ॥5-33-99॥
[मितं (mitaṁ) - moderately; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats; संविभज्य (saṁvibhajya) - sharing; आश्रितेभ्यः (āśritebhyaḥ) - with dependents; मितं (mitaṁ) - moderately; स्वपति (svapati) - sleeps; अमितं (amitaṁ) - immeasurable; कर्म (karma) - work; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; अमित्रेषु (amitreṣu) - to enemies; अपि (api) - even; याचितः (yācitaḥ) - when asked; संस्तम् (saṁstam) - completely; आत्मवन्तम् (ātmavantam) - self-possessed; प्रजहति (prajahati) - abandons; अनर्थाः (anarthāḥ) - misfortunes;]
(He eats moderately, sharing with dependents; sleeps moderately, having done immeasurable work. He gives even to enemies when asked; the self-possessed one completely abandons misfortunes.)
A self-possessed person eats and sleeps in moderation, shares with dependents, performs immeasurable work, and gives even to enemies when asked, thereby completely abandoning misfortunes.
चिकीर्षितं विप्रकृतं च यस्य; नान्ये जनाः कर्म जानन्ति किञ्चित्। मन्त्रे गुप्ते सम्यगनुष्ठिते च; स्वल्पो नास्य व्यथते कश्चिदर्थः ॥५-३३-१००॥
cikīrṣitaṃ viprakṛtaṃ ca yasya; nānye janāḥ karma jānanti kiñcit। mantre gupte samyaganuṣṭhite ca; svalpo nāsya vyathate kaścidarthaḥ ॥5-33-100॥
[चिकीर्षितं (cikīrṣitam) - intended action; विप्रकृतं (viprakṛtam) - executed action; च (ca) - and; यस्य (yasya) - whose; न (na) - not; अन्ये (anye) - others; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; कर्म (karma) - action; जानन्ति (jānanti) - know; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; मन्त्रे (mantre) - in the counsel; गुप्ते (gupte) - secret; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; अनुष्ठिते (anuṣṭhite) - executed; च (ca) - and; स्वल्पः (svalpaḥ) - small; न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - his; व्यथते (vyathate) - is disturbed; कश्चित् (kaścit) - any; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose;]
(The intended and executed actions of whom others do not know anything; in the counsel kept secret and properly executed, no small purpose of his is disturbed.)
The actions intended and executed by him are unknown to others; when the counsel is kept secret and properly executed, no small purpose of his is disturbed.
यः सर्वभूतप्रशमे निविष्टः; सत्यो मृदुर्दानकृच्छुद्धभावः। अतीव सञ्ज्ञायते ज्ञातिमध्ये; महामणिर्जात्य इव प्रसन्नः ॥५-३३-१०१॥
yaḥ sarvabhūtapraśame niviṣṭaḥ; satyo mṛdurdānakṛcchuddhabhāvaḥ। atīva sañjñāyate jñātimadhye; mahāmaṇirjātya iva prasannaḥ ॥5-33-101॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; सर्व (sarva) - all; भूत (bhūta) - beings; प्रशमे (praśame) - in the tranquility; निविष्टः (niviṣṭaḥ) - situated; सत्यः (satyaḥ) - truthful; मृदुः (mṛduḥ) - gentle; दानकृत् (dānakṛt) - charitable; शुद्धभावः (śuddhabhāvaḥ) - pure-hearted; अतीव (atīva) - extremely; सञ्ज्ञायते (sañjñāyate) - is recognized; ज्ञातिमध्ये (jñātimadhye) - among relatives; महामणिः (mahāmaṇiḥ) - great jewel; जात्य (jātya) - by birth; इव (iva) - like; प्रसन्नः (prasannaḥ) - serene;]
(Who is situated in the tranquility of all beings; truthful, gentle, charitable, pure-hearted. Extremely recognized among relatives; like a great jewel by birth, serene.)
He who is settled in the peace of all beings, truthful, gentle, charitable, and pure-hearted, is highly regarded among his kin, like a naturally serene great jewel.
य आत्मनापत्रपते भृशं नरः; स सर्वलोकस्य गुरुर्भवत्युत। अनन्ततेजाः सुमनाः समाहितः; स्वतेजसा सूर्य इवावभासते ॥५-३३-१०२॥
ya ātmanaapatrapate bhṛśaṃ naraḥ; sa sarvalokasya gururbhavatyuta। anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ; svatejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate ॥5-33-102॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself; अपत्रपते (apatrapate) - is ashamed; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; नरः (naraḥ) - man; सः (saḥ) - he; सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all worlds; गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; उत (uta) - indeed; अनन्ततेजाः (anantatejāḥ) - of infinite splendor; सुमनाः (sumanāḥ) - of good mind; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - composed; स्वतेजसा (svatejasā) - by own brilliance; सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - sun; इव (iva) - like; अवभासते (avabhāsate) - shines;]
(The man who is greatly ashamed by himself becomes indeed the teacher of all worlds; of infinite splendor, of good mind, composed; shines like the sun by his own brilliance.)
A man who feels deep shame within himself becomes the teacher of all worlds, possessing infinite splendor, a good mind, and composure; he shines like the sun with his own brilliance.
वने जाताः शापदग्धस्य राज्ञः; पाण्डोः पुत्राः पञ्च पञ्चेन्द्रकल्पाः। त्वयैव बाला वर्धिताः शिक्षिताश्च; तवादेशं पालयन्त्याम्बिकेय ॥५-३३-१०३॥
vane jātāḥ śāpadagdhasya rājñaḥ; pāṇḍoḥ putrāḥ pañca pañcendrakalpāḥ। tvayaiva bālā vardhitāḥ śikṣitāśca; tavādeśaṃ pālayantyāmbikeya ॥5-33-103॥
[वने (vane) - in the forest; जाताः (jātāḥ) - born; शापदग्धस्य (śāpadagdhasya) - of the cursed; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - king; पाण्डोः (pāṇḍoḥ) - of Pandu; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; पञ्च (pañca) - five; पञ्चेन्द्रकल्पाः (pañcendrakalpāḥ) - like five Indras; त्वयैव (tvayaiva) - by you indeed; बाला (bālā) - children; वर्धिताः (vardhitāḥ) - raised; शिक्षिताः (śikṣitāḥ) - taught; च (ca) - and; तवादेशं (tavādeśaṃ) - your command; पालयन्ति (pālayanti) - follow; अम्बिकेय (āmbikeya) - O son of Ambika;]
(Born in the forest, the five sons of the cursed king Pandu, like five Indras, were indeed raised and taught by you, O son of Ambika, and they follow your command.)
The five sons of King Pandu, who was cursed, were born in the forest. They are like five Indras and were raised and taught by you, O son of Ambika, and they follow your command.
प्रदायैषामुचितं तात राज्यं; सुखी पुत्रैः सहितो मोदमानः। न देवानां नापि च मानुषाणां; भविष्यसि त्वं तर्कणीयो नरेन्द्र ॥५-३३-१०४॥
pradāyaiṣāmucitaṃ tāta rājyaṃ; sukhī putraiḥ sahito modamānaḥ। na devānāṃ nāpi ca mānuṣāṇāṃ; bhaviṣyasi tvaṃ tarkaṇīyo narendra ॥5-33-104॥
[प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; उचितम् (ucitam) - appropriate; तात (tāta) - dear father; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; सुखी (sukhī) - happy; पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - with sons; सहितः (sahitaḥ) - together; मोदमानः (modamānaḥ) - rejoicing; न (na) - not; देवानाम् (devānām) - of gods; न (na) - not; अपि (api) - also; च (ca) - and; मानुषाणाम् (mānuṣāṇām) - of men; भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will become; त्वम् (tvam) - you; तर्कणीयः (tarkaṇīyaḥ) - questionable; नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king;]
(Having given this appropriate kingdom, dear father, you will be happy, rejoicing with your sons. You will not be questionable to gods nor to men, O king.)
Dear father, after giving this rightful kingdom, you will live happily with your sons, rejoicing. Neither gods nor men will question your actions, O king.
