05.033
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
द्वाःस्थं प्राह महाप्राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः। विदुरं द्रष्टुमिच्छामि तमिहानय माचिरम् ॥५-३३-१॥
King Dhritarashtra, known for his wisdom, instructed the doorkeeper to bring Vidura to him immediately, expressing his desire to see him without any delay.
प्रहितो धृतराष्ट्रेण दूतः क्षत्तारमब्रवीत्। ईश्वरस्त्वां महाराजो महाप्राज्ञ दिदृक्षति ॥५-३३-२॥
A messenger sent by Dhritarashtra spoke to Vidura: "The lord, the great king, wishes to see you, O wise one."
एवमुक्तस्तु विदुरः प्राप्य राजनिवेशनम्। अब्रवीद्धृतराष्ट्राय द्वाःस्थ मां प्रतिवेदय ॥५-३३-३॥
After being spoken to in this manner, Vidura went to the royal palace and told the doorkeeper to inform Dhritarashtra of his arrival.
द्वाःस्थ उवाच॥
The doorkeeper spoke:
विदुरोऽयमनुप्राप्तो राजेन्द्र तव शासनात्। द्रष्टुमिच्छति ते पादौ किं करोतु प्रशाधि माम् ॥५-३३-४॥
Vidura has come, O king, as per your order. He wishes to pay his respects to you. Please instruct me on what he should do.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
Dhritarashtra said:
प्रवेशय महाप्राज्ञं विदुरं दीर्घदर्शिनम्। अहं हि विदुरस्यास्य नाकाल्यो जातु दर्शने ॥५-३३-५॥
"Admit the wise and far-sighted Vidura. I should never be delayed in seeing him."
द्वाःस्थ उवाच॥
The doorkeeper announced.
प्रविशान्तःपुरं क्षत्तर्महाराजस्य धीमतः। न हि ते दर्शनेऽकाल्यो जातु राजा ब्रवीति माम् ॥५-३३-६॥
Enter the inner chambers, O chamberlain of the wise great king. The king never considers your visits untimely, he tells me.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
Vaishampayana spoke:
ततः प्रविश्य विदुरो धृतराष्ट्रनिवेशनम्। अब्रवीत्प्राञ्जलिर्वाक्यं चिन्तयानं नराधिपम् ॥५-३३-७॥
Vidura entered Dhritarashtra's palace and respectfully addressed the thoughtful king.
विदुरोऽहं महाप्राज्ञ सम्प्राप्तस्तव शासनात्। यदि किञ्चन कर्तव्यमयमस्मि प्रशाधि माम् ॥५-३३-८॥
Vidura, I have come at your command, O wise one. If there is anything to be done, I am here, please instruct me.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
Dhritarashtra spoke:
सञ्जयो विदुर प्राप्तो गर्हयित्वा च मां गतः। अजातशत्रोः श्वो वाक्यं सभामध्ये स वक्ष्यति ॥५-३३-९॥
Sanjaya, after reproaching Vidura, has come to me. Tomorrow, he will convey Ajatashatru's message in the assembly.
तस्याद्य कुरुवीरस्य न विज्ञातं वचो मया। तन्मे दहति गात्राणि तदकार्षीत्प्रजागरम् ॥५-३३-१०॥
Today, I did not understand the words of the Kuru hero. That ignorance torments me and has caused me sleeplessness.
जाग्रतो दह्यमानस्य श्रेयो यदिह पश्यसि। तद्ब्रूहि त्वं हि नस्तात धर्मार्थकुशलो ह्यसि ॥५-३३-११॥
Dear father, you who are skilled in righteousness and wealth, please tell us what you see here as better for the awake and burning.
यतः प्राप्तः सञ्जयः पाण्डवेभ्यो; न मे यथावन्मनसः प्रशान्तिः। सर्वेन्द्रियाण्यप्रकृतिं गतानि; किं वक्ष्यतीत्येव हि मेऽद्य चिन्ता ॥५-३३-१२॥
Sanjaya has returned from the Pandavas, and my mind is not at peace as it should be. All my senses are disturbed, and I am worried about what he will say today.
विदुर उवाच॥
Vidura spoke:
अभियुक्तं बलवता दुर्बलं हीनसाधनम्। हृतस्वं कामिनं चोरमाविशन्ति प्रजागराः ॥५-३३-१३॥
The wakeful ones take advantage of the weak who are attacked by the strong, those lacking resources, those whose wealth is taken, lovers, and thieves.
कच्चिदेतैर्महादोषैर्न स्पृष्टोऽसि नराधिप। कच्चिन्न परवित्तेषु गृध्यन्विपरितप्यसे ॥५-३३-१४॥
O king, I hope you are not affected by these great faults and are not suffering due to coveting others' wealth.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
Dhritarashtra spoke:
श्रोतुमिच्छामि ते धर्म्यं परं नैःश्रेयसं वचः। अस्मिन्राजर्षिवंशे हि त्वमेकः प्राज्ञसंमतः ॥५-३३-१५॥
I wish to hear your righteous and supreme words that lead to the highest good. Indeed, in this dynasty of royal sages, you alone are considered wise.
विदुर उवाच॥
Vidura spoke:
निषेवते प्रशस्तानि निन्दितानि न सेवते। अनास्तिकः श्रद्दधान एतत्पण्डितलक्षणम् ॥५-३३-१६॥
A wise person associates with praiseworthy things and not with blameworthy ones. They are faithful and not skeptical, which are marks of wisdom.
क्रोधो हर्षश्च दर्पश्च ह्रीस्तम्भो मान्यमानिता। यमर्थान्नापकर्षन्ति स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१७॥
He who is not distracted by anger, joy, pride, modesty, stubbornness, respect, and honor is indeed called wise.
यस्य कृत्यं न जानन्ति मन्त्रं वा मन्त्रितं परे। कृतमेवास्य जानन्ति स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१८॥
A person whose actions and plans are unknown to others, and are only known when accomplished, is indeed called wise.
यस्य कृत्यं न विघ्नन्ति शीतमुष्णं भयं रतिः। समृद्धिरसमृद्धिर्वा स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-१९॥
A person whose duties are not hindered by external conditions such as cold, heat, fear, pleasure, prosperity, or adversity is truly considered wise.
यस्य संसारिणी प्रज्ञा धर्मार्थावनुवर्तते। कामादर्थं वृणीते यः स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२०॥
A person whose worldly wisdom aligns with dharma (righteousness) and artha (wealth), and who chooses purpose over mere desire, is truly called wise.
यथाशक्ति चिकीर्षन्ति यथाशक्ति च कुर्वते। न किञ्चिदवमन्यन्ते पण्डिता भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-२१॥
The wise, O best of the Bharatas, act and wish to act to the best of their abilities and do not disrespect anything.
क्षिप्रं विजानाति चिरं शृणोति; विज्ञाय चार्थं भजते न कामात्। नासम्पृष्टो व्युपयुङ्क्ते परार्थे; तत्प्रज्ञानं प्रथमं पण्डितस्य ॥५-३३-२२॥
A wise person quickly understands and listens for a long time. They pursue meaning after understanding it, not out of desire. They do not engage in others' matters without being asked. This is the primary wisdom of a wise person.
नाप्राप्यमभिवाञ्छन्ति नष्टं नेच्छन्ति शोचितुम्। आपत्सु च न मुह्यन्ति नराः पण्डितबुद्धयः ॥५-३३-२३॥
Wise individuals do not long for what cannot be attained, do not wish to mourn over what is lost, and remain composed in times of trouble.
निश्चित्य यः प्रक्रमते नान्तर्वसति कर्मणः। अवन्ध्यकालो वश्यात्मा स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२४॥
He who, having determined, commences action without dwelling on it, does not waste time, and is self-controlled, is indeed called wise.
आर्यकर्मणि रज्यन्ते भूतिकर्माणि कुर्वते। हितं च नाभ्यसूयन्ति पण्डिता भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-२५॥
O best of the Bharatas, the wise delight in noble deeds, perform acts that bring prosperity, and do not envy the welfare of others.
न हृष्यत्यात्मसंमाने नावमानेन तप्यते। गाङ्गो ह्रद इवाक्षोभ्यो यः स पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२६॥
A wise person is one who remains unaffected by honor or insult, just like the calm and unshaken waters of a Ganges lake.
तत्त्वज्ञः सर्वभूतानां योगज्ञः सर्वकर्मणाम्। उपायज्ञो मनुष्याणां नरः पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२७॥
A man who understands the principles of all beings, the yoga of all actions, and the means of men is considered wise.
प्रवृत्तवाक्चित्रकथ ऊहवान्प्रतिभानवान्। आशु ग्रन्थस्य वक्ता च स वै पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-२८॥
He who is eloquent, tells vivid stories, is imaginative and intelligent, and quickly speaks of the text, is indeed called a scholar.
श्रुतं प्रज्ञानुगं यस्य प्रज्ञा चैव श्रुतानुगा। असम्भिन्नार्यमर्यादः पण्डिताख्यां लभेत सः ॥५-३३-२९॥
A person whose knowledge aligns with wisdom and whose wisdom aligns with knowledge, maintaining unbroken noble conduct, is worthy of being called a scholar.
अश्रुतश्च समुन्नद्धो दरिद्रश्च महामनाः। अर्थांश्चाकर्मणा प्रेप्सुर्मूढ इत्युच्यते बुधैः ॥५-३३-३०॥
The wise call someone foolish who is unlearned, arrogant, poor, yet great-minded, and desires wealth without making any effort.
स्वमर्थं यः परित्यज्य परार्थमनुतिष्ठति। मिथ्या चरति मित्रार्थे यश्च मूढः स उच्यते ॥५-३३-३१॥
A person who forsakes his own interests to serve others, acts deceitfully for the sake of friends, and is foolish, is called such.
अकामान्कामयति यः कामयानान्परिद्विषन्। बलवन्तं च यो द्वेष्टि तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३२॥
A person who desires those who have no desires, who hates those who have desires, and who despises the strong, is called foolish-minded.
अमित्रं कुरुते मित्रं मित्रं द्वेष्टि हिनस्ति च। कर्म चारभते दुष्टं तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३३॥
A person who turns an enemy into a friend, hates and harms his friends, and engages in evil actions is called foolish-minded.
संसारयति कृत्यानि सर्वत्र विचिकित्सते। चिरं करोति क्षिप्रार्थे स मूढो भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-३४॥
O best of the Bharatas, a foolish person causes confusion in duties everywhere, doubts persistently, and delays in urgent matters.
अनाहूतः प्रविशति अपृष्टो बहु भाषते। विश्वसत्यप्रमत्तेषु मूढचेता नराधमः ॥५-३३-३५॥
An uninvited person enters and speaks excessively without being asked. Among those who are careless and trusting, the one with a foolish mind is considered the lowest of men.
परं क्षिपति दोषेण वर्तमानः स्वयं तथा। यश्च क्रुध्यत्यनीशः सन्स च मूढतमो नरः ॥५-३३-३६॥
A person who blames others while being at fault himself, and who gets angry despite being powerless, is the most foolish of men.
आत्मनो बलमज्ञाय धर्मार्थपरिवर्जितम्। अलभ्यमिच्छन्नैष्कर्म्यान्मूढबुद्धिरिहोच्यते ॥५-३३-३७॥
A person who does not know their own strength, lacks righteousness and wealth, and desires unattainable inaction is considered to have a foolish mind here.
अशिष्यं शास्ति यो राजन्यश्च शून्यमुपासते। कदर्यं भजते यश्च तमाहुर्मूढचेतसम् ॥५-३३-३८॥
A king who governs those who are undisciplined, who reveres the void, and who keeps company with the miserly is called one with a foolish mind.
अर्थं महान्तमासाद्य विद्यामैश्वर्यमेव वा। विचरत्यसमुन्नद्धो यः स पण्डित उच्यते ॥५-३३-३९॥
A person who, having acquired great wealth, knowledge, or prosperity, remains humble and unpretentious is considered wise.
एकः सम्पन्नमश्नाति वस्ते वासश्च शोभनम्। योऽसंविभज्य भृत्येभ्यः को नृशंसतरस्ततः ॥५-३३-४०॥
One who eats sumptuously and wears fine clothes without sharing with his servants, who is more cruel than that?
एकः पापानि कुरुते फलं भुङ्क्ते महाजनः। भोक्तारो विप्रमुच्यन्ते कर्ता दोषेण लिप्यते ॥५-३३-४१॥
A single person commits sins and enjoys the results, while the great person. Those who enjoy are liberated, but the doer is tainted by the fault.
एकं हन्यान्न वा हन्यादिषुर्मुक्तो धनुष्मता। बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतोत्सृष्टा हन्याद्राष्ट्रं सराजकम् ॥५-३३-४२॥
An arrow shot by a skilled archer might kill one person or might not, but the wisdom imparted by an intelligent person can destroy an entire kingdom along with its ruler.
एकया द्वे विनिश्चित्य त्रींश्चतुर्भिर्वशे कुरु। पञ्च जित्वा विदित्वा षट्सप्त हित्वा सुखी भव ॥५-३३-४३॥
Determine two with one, control thirty-four with four. After conquering five, knowing six-seven, and abandoning them, be happy.
एकं विषरसो हन्ति शस्त्रेणैकश्च वध्यते। सराष्ट्रं सप्रजं हन्ति राजानं मन्त्रविस्रवः ॥५-३३-४४॥
A single poison can kill one person, a weapon can kill another; but the leakage of confidential counsel can destroy a king along with his entire kingdom and subjects.
एकः स्वादु न भुञ्जीत एकश्चार्थान्न चिन्तयेत्। एको न गच्छेदध्वानं नैकः सुप्तेषु जागृयात् ॥५-३३-४५॥
One should not enjoy delicacies alone, nor should one ponder over wealth in solitude. It is unwise to travel a path alone, and one should not remain awake when others are asleep.
एकमेवाद्वितीयं तद्यद्राजन्नावबुध्यसे। सत्यं स्वर्गस्य सोपानं पारावारस्य नौरिव ॥५-३३-४६॥
There is only one truth, without a second, which you, O king, do not comprehend. Truth serves as a stairway to heaven, much like a boat serves to cross the ocean.
एकः क्षमावतां दोषो द्वितीयो नोपलभ्यते। यदेनं क्षमया युक्तमशक्तं मन्यते जनः ॥५-३३-४७॥
The only fault found in forgiving people is that others may perceive them as weak because of their forgiving nature.
एको धर्मः परं श्रेयः क्षमैका शान्तिरुत्तमा। विद्यैका परमा दृष्टिरहिंसैका सुखावहा ॥५-३३-४८॥
The supreme good is found in one duty; the best peace is in forgiveness. Knowledge provides the highest vision, and non-violence brings happiness.
द्वाविमौ ग्रसते भूमिः सर्पो बिलशयानिव। राजानं चाविरोद्धारं ब्राह्मणं चाप्रवासिनम् ॥५-३३-४९॥
The earth consumes two types of people: a king who does not stand against challenges and a Brahmin who does not travel, much like a serpent consumes those dwelling in holes.
द्वे कर्मणी नरः कुर्वन्नस्मिँल्लोके विरोचते। अब्रुवन्परुषं किञ्चिदसतो नार्थयंस्तथा ॥५-३३-५०॥
A man is esteemed in this world by engaging in two actions: refraining from speaking anything harsh or false, and not pursuing such matters.
द्वाविमौ पुरुषव्याघ्र परप्रत्ययकारिणौ। स्त्रियः कामितकामिन्यो लोकः पूजितपूजकः ॥५-३३-५१॥
O tiger among men, there are two types of people who depend on others: women who desire what is desired, and those who worship the worshipped.
द्वाविमौ कण्टकौ तीक्ष्णौ शरीरपरिशोषणौ। यश्चाधनः कामयते यश्च कुप्यत्यनीश्वरः ॥५-३३-५२॥
There are two sharp thorns that dry up the body: one is the poor man who desires, and the other is the powerless man who becomes angry.
द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ राजन्स्वर्गस्योपरि तिष्ठतः। प्रभुश्च क्षमया युक्तो दरिद्रश्च प्रदानवान् ॥५-३३-५३॥
O king, there are two types of men who stand above heaven: a patient lord and a generous poor man.
न्यायागतस्य द्रव्यस्य बोद्धव्यौ द्वावतिक्रमौ। अपात्रे प्रतिपत्तिश्च पात्रे चाप्रतिपादनम् ॥५-३३-५४॥
There are two transgressions regarding lawfully obtained wealth: giving it to someone unworthy and not giving it to someone worthy.
त्रयो न्याया मनुष्याणां श्रूयन्ते भरतर्षभ। कनीयान्मध्यमः श्रेष्ठ इति वेदविदो विदुः ॥५-३३-५५॥
O best of the Bharatas, it is said that there are three types of principles among men: inferior, middle, and superior, as known by those who are versed in the Vedas.
त्रिविधाः पुरुषा राजन्नुत्तमाधममध्यमाः। नियोजयेद्यथावत्तांस्त्रिविधेष्वेव कर्मसु ॥५-३३-५६॥
O king, people can be categorized into three types: the best, the worst, and the mediocre. They should be assigned tasks according to their capabilities.
त्रय एवाधना राजन्भार्या दासस्तथा सुतः। यत्ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्य ते तस्य तद्धनम् ॥५-३३-५७॥
O king, there are three who are without wealth: the wife, the servant, and the son. Whatever they acquire, it belongs to the one for whom they acquire it; that is his wealth.
चत्वारि राज्ञा तु महाबलेन; वर्ज्यान्याहुः पण्डितस्तानि विद्यात्। अल्पप्रज्ञैः सह मन्त्रं न कुर्या; न्न दीर्घसूत्रैरलसैश्चारणैश्च ॥५-३३-५८॥
The wise say that a mighty king should avoid four things: taking counsel with the less intelligent, procrastinators, the lazy, and the wicked.
चत्वारि ते तात गृहे वसन्तु; श्रियाभिजुष्टस्य गृहस्थधर्मे। वृद्धो ज्ञातिरवसन्नः कुलीनः; सखा दरिद्रो भगिनी चानपत्या ॥५-३३-५९॥
O father, four types of people should reside in your prosperous household: an elderly person, a distressed relative, a noble friend, and a childless sister.
चत्वार्याह महाराज सद्यस्कानि बृहस्पतिः। पृच्छते त्रिदशेन्द्राय तानीमानि निबोध मे ॥५-३३-६०॥
Bṛhaspati addressed the great king, explaining the four newly created items that the lord of the thirty gods inquired about, urging him to understand them.
देवतानां च सङ्कल्पमनुभावं च धीमताम्। विनयं कृतविद्यानां विनाशं पापकर्मणाम् ॥५-३३-६१॥
The will of the deities and the wise manifests as humility in the learned and leads to the destruction of the wicked.
पञ्चाग्नयो मनुष्येण परिचर्याः प्रयत्नतः। पिता माताग्निरात्मा च गुरुश्च भरतर्षभ ॥५-३३-६२॥
O best of the Bharatas, a person should diligently worship the five fires, which are the father, mother, fire, self, and teacher.
पञ्चैव पूजयँल्लोके यशः प्राप्नोति केवलम्। देवान्पितॄन्मनुष्यांश्च भिक्षूनतिथिपञ्चमान् ॥५-३३-६३॥
By honoring these five entities in the world, one gains fame: the gods, ancestors, humans, monks, and guests as the fifth.
पञ्च त्वानुगमिष्यन्ति यत्र यत्र गमिष्यसि। मित्राण्यमित्रा मध्यस्था उपजीव्योपजीविनः ॥५-३३-६४॥
Wherever you go, five types of people will accompany you: friends, enemies, neutral parties, those who depend on you, and those who depend on others.
पञ्चेन्द्रियस्य मर्त्यस्य छिद्रं चेदेकमिन्द्रियम्। ततोऽस्य स्रवति प्रज्ञा दृतेः पादादिवोदकम् ॥५-३३-६५॥
If a mortal has a flaw in one of his five senses, his wisdom drains away from his resolve like water from a foot.
षड्दोषाः पुरुषेणेह हातव्या भूतिमिच्छता। निद्रा तन्द्री भयं क्रोध आलस्यं दीर्घसूत्रता ॥५-३३-६६॥
A person who desires prosperity should abandon six flaws: sleep, lethargy, fear, anger, laziness, and procrastination.
षडिमान्पुरुषो जह्याद्भिन्नां नावमिवार्णवे। अप्रवक्तारमाचार्यमनधीयानमृत्विजम् ॥५-३३-६७॥
A wise person should avoid relying on things that are broken or ineffective, just as one would not trust a broken boat in the ocean, a teacher who does not teach, or a priest who does not study.
अरक्षितारं राजानं भार्यां चाप्रियवादिनीम्। ग्रामकामं च गोपालं वनकामं च नापितम् ॥५-३३-६८॥
A king who does not protect, a wife who speaks unpleasantly, a cowherd who desires the village, and a barber who desires the forest are all undesirable.
षडेव तु गुणाः पुंसा न हातव्याः कदाचन। सत्यं दानमनालस्यमनसूया क्षमा धृतिः ॥५-३३-६९॥
A person should always uphold six qualities: truth, charity, diligence, non-envy, forgiveness, and fortitude, as they are essential virtues.
षण्णामात्मनि नित्यानामैश्वर्यं योऽधिगच्छति। न स पापैः कुतोऽनर्थैर्युज्यते विजितेन्द्रियः ॥५-३३-७०॥
One who has achieved mastery over the eternal six aspects within oneself is not troubled by sins or misfortunes, as he has control over his senses.
षडिमे षट्सु जीवन्ति सप्तमो नोपलभ्यते। चोराः प्रमत्ते जीवन्ति व्याधितेषु चिकित्सकाः ॥५-३३-७१॥
These six live among the six, but the seventh is not found. Thieves thrive when people are inattentive, and doctors are needed when people are diseased.
प्रमदाः कामयानेषु यजमानेषु याजकाः। राजा विवदमानेषु नित्यं मूर्खेषु पण्डिताः ॥५-३३-७२॥
Women desire those who perform sacrifices, priests are with sacrificers, the king is always involved in disputes, and scholars are among fools.
सप्त दोषाः सदा राज्ञा हातव्या व्यसनोदयाः। प्रायशो यैर्विनश्यन्ति कृतमूलाश्च पार्थिवाः ॥५-३३-७३॥
Kings must always eliminate the seven faults that lead to calamities, as these often cause even well-established rulers to fall.
स्त्रियोऽक्षा मृगया पानं वाक्पारुष्यं च पञ्चमम्। महच्च दण्डपारुष्यमर्थदूषणमेव च ॥५-३३-७४॥
The five vices are women, dice, hunting, drinking, and harsh speech; along with severe punishment and corruption of wealth.
अष्टौ पूर्वनिमित्तानि नरस्य विनशिष्यतः। ब्राह्मणान्प्रथमं द्वेष्टि ब्राह्मणैश्च विरुध्यते ॥५-३३-७५॥
There are eight omens that foretell the downfall of a man: firstly, he begins to hate Brahmins and opposes them.
ब्राह्मणस्वानि चादत्ते ब्राह्मणांश्च जिघांसति। रमते निन्दया चैषां प्रशंसां नाभिनन्दति ॥५-३३-७६॥
He seizes the possessions of the Brahmins and seeks to harm them. He finds joy in criticizing them and does not appreciate their praise.
नैतान्स्मरति कृत्येषु याचितश्चाभ्यसूयति। एतान्दोषान्नरः प्राज्ञो बुद्ध्या बुद्ध्वा विवर्जयेत् ॥५-३३-७७॥
A wise person does not dwell on these matters in his duties, nor does he become envious when asked. Recognizing these faults with understanding, he should avoid them.
अष्टाविमानि हर्षस्य नवनीतानि भारत। वर्तमानानि दृश्यन्ते तान्येव सुसुखान्यपि ॥५-३३-७८॥
O Bharata, these eight newly obtained joys are indeed seen as very pleasant and are also present.
समागमश्च सखिभिर्महांश्चैव धनागमः। पुत्रेण च परिष्वङ्गः संनिपातश्च मैथुने ॥५-३३-७९॥
There is a meeting with friends, a great acquisition of wealth, an embrace with the son, and a union in intercourse.
समये च प्रियालापः स्वयूथेषु च संनतिः। अभिप्रेतस्य लाभश्च पूजा च जनसंसदि ॥५-३३-८०॥
At the right time, engaging in pleasant conversations and showing humility within one's own groups, gaining what is desired, and receiving respect in public assemblies.
नवद्वारमिदं वेश्म त्रिस्थूणं पञ्चसाक्षिकम्। क्षेत्रज्ञाधिष्ठितं विद्वान्यो वेद स परः कविः ॥५-३३-८१॥
The wise one who understands this body, described as a nine-gated city with three pillars and five witnesses, is considered the supreme sage or poet.
दश धर्मं न जानन्ति धृतराष्ट्र निबोध तान्। मत्तः प्रमत्त उन्मत्तः श्रान्तः क्रुद्धो बुभुक्षितः ॥५-३३-८२॥
O Dhritarashtra, be aware that ten types of people do not understand virtues: those who are intoxicated, careless, mad, tired, angry, and hungry.
त्वरमाणश्च भीरुश्च लुब्धः कामी च ते दश। तस्मादेतेषु भावेषु न प्रसज्जेत पण्डितः ॥५-३३-८३॥
A wise person should not indulge in these ten states: being hasty, fearful, greedy, and desirous.
अत्रैवोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। पुत्रार्थमसुरेन्द्रेण गीतं चैव सुधन्वना ॥५-३३-८४॥
Here, they recount this ancient tale, sung by the lord of demons for the desire of a son, and also by Sudhanvan.
यः काममन्यू प्रजहाति राजा; पात्रे प्रतिष्ठापयते धनं च। विशेषविच्छ्रुतवान्क्षिप्रकारी; तं सर्वलोकः कुरुते प्रमाणम् ॥५-३३-८५॥
A king who forsakes desires and anger, allocates wealth to the deserving, is renowned for his discernment and swift actions, is regarded as a standard by all people.
जानाति विश्वासयितुं मनुष्या; न्विज्ञातदोषेषु दधाति दण्डम्। जानाति मात्रां च तथा क्षमां च; तं तादृशं श्रीर्जुषते समग्रा ॥५-३३-८६॥
He understands whom to trust among humans and punishes unknown faults. He knows the measure and forgiveness; prosperity completely favors such a person.
सुदुर्बलं नावजानाति कं चि; द्युक्तो रिपुं सेवते बुद्धिपूर्वम्। न विग्रहं रोचयते बलस्थैः; काले च यो विक्रमते स धीरः ॥५-३३-८७॥
A wise person does not underestimate anyone who appears weak; he strategically engages with adversaries. He avoids conflicts with those who are powerful and acts wisely at the right time.
प्राप्यापदं न व्यथते कदा चि; दुद्योगमन्विच्छति चाप्रमत्तः। दुःखं च काले सहते जितात्मा; धुरन्धरस्तस्य जिताः सपत्नाः ॥५-३३-८८॥
When faced with calamity, he remains undisturbed at all times; he diligently seeks effort and remains vigilant. The self-controlled individual endures pain in due time; his enemies are conquered by his leadership.
अनर्थकं विप्रवासं गृहेभ्यः; पापैः सन्धिं परदाराभिमर्शम्। दम्भं स्तैन्यं पैशुनं मद्यपानं; न सेवते यः स सुखी सदैव ॥५-३३-८९॥
A person who refrains from pointless exile, sinful associations, infidelity, deceit, theft, slander, and intoxication is perpetually content.
न संरम्भेणारभतेऽर्थवर्ग; माकारितः शंसति तथ्यमेव। न मात्रार्थे रोचयते विवादं; नापूजितः कुप्यति चाप्यमूढः ॥५-३३-९०॥
A wise person does not start a venture for wealth with excitement; when compelled, he speaks only the truth. He does not engage in disputes for trivial gains, nor does he become angry when not honored.
न योऽभ्यसूयत्यनुकम्पते च; न दुर्बलः प्रातिभाव्यं करोति। नात्याह किञ्चित्क्षमते विवादं; सर्वत्र तादृग्लभते प्रशंसाम् ॥५-३३-९१॥
A person who neither envies nor lacks compassion, who is not weak and does not act impulsively, who does not speak excessively and forgives arguments, is praised everywhere.
यो नोद्धतं कुरुते जातु वेषं; न पौरुषेणापि विकत्थतेऽन्यान्। न मूर्च्छितः कटुकान्याह किं चि; त्प्रियं सदा तं कुरुते जनोऽपि ॥५-३३-९२॥
A person who never shows arrogance, does not boast about his strength to others, and does not speak harshly in delusion, always finds people being pleasant to him.
न वैरमुद्दीपयति प्रशान्तं; न दर्पमारोहति नास्तमेति। न दुर्गतोऽस्मीति करोति मन्युं; तमार्यशीलं परमाहुरग्र्यम् ॥५-३३-९३॥
A person with a noble character does not inflame enmity, remains calm, does not let pride ascend, and does not fall into despair thinking 'I am fallen'. Such a character is considered supreme and excellent.
न स्वे सुखे वै कुरुते प्रहर्षं; नान्यस्य दुःखे भवति प्रतीतः। दत्त्वा न पश्चात्कुरुतेऽनुतापं; न कत्थते सत्पुरुषार्यशीलः ॥५-३३-९४॥
A noble person with honorable character neither rejoices in his own happiness nor is disturbed by the sorrow of others. After giving, he does not feel regret, nor does he boast about it.
देशाचारान्समयाञ्जातिधर्मा; न्बुभूषते यस्तु परावरज्ञः। स तत्र तत्राधिगतः सदैव; महाजनस्याधिपत्यं करोति ॥५-३३-९५॥
The one who does not wish to follow the local customs, conventions, and caste duties, but understands the higher and lower truths, always gains leadership among the great people wherever he goes.
दम्भं मोहं मत्सरं पापकृत्यं; राजद्विष्टं पैशुनं पूगवैरम्। मत्तोन्मत्तैर्दुर्जनैश्चापि वादं; यः प्रज्ञावान्वर्जयेत्स प्रधानः ॥५-३३-९६॥
A wise person should avoid hypocrisy, delusion, envy, evil deeds, slander, and arguments with intoxicated, insane, or wicked people, as these are despised by kings and lead to group enmity. Such a person is considered eminent.
दमं शौचं दैवतं मङ्गलानि; प्रायश्चित्तं विविधाँल्लोकवादान्। एतानि यः कुरुते नैत्यकानि; तस्योत्थानं देवता राधयन्ति ॥५-३३-९७॥
The deities promote the rise of one who regularly performs self-control, purity, divinity, auspicious acts, atonement, and considers various worldly opinions.
समैर्विवाहं कुरुते न हीनैः; समैः सख्यं व्यवहारं कथाश्च। गुणैर्विशिष्टांश्च पुरोदधाति; विपश्चितस्तस्य नयाः सुनीताः ॥५-३३-९८॥
A wise person forms relationships and conducts with equals, not inferiors. They appoint those who are distinguished by their qualities, ensuring their policies are well-guided.
मितं भुङ्क्ते संविभज्याश्रितेभ्यो; मितं स्वपित्यमितं कर्म कृत्वा। ददात्यमित्रेष्वपि याचितः सं; स्तमात्मवन्तं प्रजहत्यनर्थाः ॥५-३३-९९॥
A self-possessed person eats and sleeps in moderation, shares with dependents, performs immeasurable work, and gives even to enemies when asked, thereby completely abandoning misfortunes.
चिकीर्षितं विप्रकृतं च यस्य; नान्ये जनाः कर्म जानन्ति किञ्चित्। मन्त्रे गुप्ते सम्यगनुष्ठिते च; स्वल्पो नास्य व्यथते कश्चिदर्थः ॥५-३३-१००॥
The actions intended and executed by him are unknown to others; when the counsel is kept secret and properly executed, no small purpose of his is disturbed.
यः सर्वभूतप्रशमे निविष्टः; सत्यो मृदुर्दानकृच्छुद्धभावः। अतीव सञ्ज्ञायते ज्ञातिमध्ये; महामणिर्जात्य इव प्रसन्नः ॥५-३३-१०१॥
He who is settled in the peace of all beings, truthful, gentle, charitable, and pure-hearted, is highly regarded among his kin, like a naturally serene great jewel.
य आत्मनापत्रपते भृशं नरः; स सर्वलोकस्य गुरुर्भवत्युत। अनन्ततेजाः सुमनाः समाहितः; स्वतेजसा सूर्य इवावभासते ॥५-३३-१०२॥
A man who feels deep shame within himself becomes the teacher of all worlds, possessing infinite splendor, a good mind, and composure; he shines like the sun with his own brilliance.
वने जाताः शापदग्धस्य राज्ञः; पाण्डोः पुत्राः पञ्च पञ्चेन्द्रकल्पाः। त्वयैव बाला वर्धिताः शिक्षिताश्च; तवादेशं पालयन्त्याम्बिकेय ॥५-३३-१०३॥
The five sons of King Pandu, who was cursed, were born in the forest. They are like five Indras and were raised and taught by you, O son of Ambika, and they follow your command.
प्रदायैषामुचितं तात राज्यं; सुखी पुत्रैः सहितो मोदमानः। न देवानां नापि च मानुषाणां; भविष्यसि त्वं तर्कणीयो नरेन्द्र ॥५-३३-१०४॥
Dear father, after giving this rightful kingdom, you will live happily with your sons, rejoicing. Neither gods nor men will question your actions, O king.
