06.031
Pancharatra: Bhagavad Gita 9th chapter.
श्रीभगवानुवाच॥
śrībhagavānuvāca॥
[श्री (śrī) - auspicious; भगवान् (bhagavān) - Lord; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(The auspicious Lord said:)
The Blessed Lord spoke:
इदं तु ते गुह्यतमं प्रवक्ष्याम्यनसूयवे। ज्ञानं विज्ञानसहितं यज्ज्ञात्वा मोक्ष्यसेऽशुभात् ॥६-३१-१॥
idaṁ tu te guhyatamaṁ pravakṣyāmyanasūyave। jñānaṁ vijñānasahitaṁ yajjñātvā mokṣyase'śubhāt ॥6-31-1॥
[इदं (idaṁ) - this; तु (tu) - but; ते (te) - to you; गुह्यतमं (guhyatamaṁ) - most confidential; प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I shall explain; अनसूयवे (anasūyave) - to the non-envious; ज्ञानं (jñānaṁ) - knowledge; विज्ञानसहितं (vijñānasahitaṁ) - with realization; यत् (yat) - which; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing; मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you shall be liberated; अशुभात् (aśubhāt) - from inauspiciousness;]
(This most confidential knowledge, along with realization, I shall explain to you, who are non-envious; knowing which, you shall be liberated from inauspiciousness.)
I will impart to you this most confidential knowledge and wisdom, free from envy, by knowing which you shall be liberated from all misfortune.
राजविद्या राजगुह्यं पवित्रमिदमुत्तमम्। प्रत्यक्षावगमं धर्म्यं सुसुखं कर्तुमव्ययम् ॥६-३१-२॥
rājavidyā rājaguhyaṃ pavitramidamuttamam। pratyakṣāvagamaṃ dharmyaṃ susukhaṃ kartumavyayam ॥6-31-2॥
[राजविद्या (rājavidyā) - royal knowledge; राजगुह्यं (rājaguhyaṃ) - royal secret; पवित्रमिदमुत्तमम् (pavitramidamuttamam) - this pure and supreme; प्रत्यक्षावगमं (pratyakṣāvagamaṃ) - directly perceivable; धर्म्यं (dharmyaṃ) - righteous; सुसुखं (susukhaṃ) - very pleasant; कर्तुमव्ययम् (kartumavyayam) - to perform imperishable;]
(Royal knowledge, royal secret, this pure and supreme, directly perceivable, righteous, very pleasant to perform imperishable.)
This is the king of sciences and the most profound secret, pure and supreme. It is directly perceivable, righteous, and very pleasant to practice, being imperishable.
अश्रद्दधानाः पुरुषा धर्मस्यास्य परन्तप। अप्राप्य मां निवर्तन्ते मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि ॥६-३१-३॥
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya parantapa। aprāpya māṃ nivartante mṛtyusaṃsāravartmani ॥6-31-3॥
[अश्रद्दधानाः (aśraddadhānāḥ) - those without faith; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - people; धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma; अस्य (asya) - this; परन्तप (parantapa) - O Arjuna; अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - without attaining; माम् (mām) - Me; निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - return; मृत्युसंसारवर्त्मनि (mṛtyusaṃsāravartmani) - to the path of worldly death;]
(Those without faith, O Arjuna, do not attain Me and return to the path of worldly death.)
O Arjuna, those who lack faith in this dharma do not reach Me and continue to wander in the cycle of birth and death.
मया ततमिदं सर्वं जगदव्यक्तमूर्तिना। मत्स्थानि सर्वभूतानि न चाहं तेष्ववस्थितः ॥६-३१-४॥
mayā tatam idaṃ sarvaṃ jagad avyaktamūrtinā। matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na cāhaṃ teṣvavasthitaḥ ॥6-31-4॥
[मया (mayā) - by me; ततम् (tatam) - pervaded; इदम् (idam) - this; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; जगत् (jagat) - world; अव्यक्तमूर्तिना (avyaktamūrtinā) - by the unmanifest form; मत्स्थानि (matsthāni) - in me; सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; तेषु (teṣu) - in them; अवस्थितः (avasthitaḥ) - situated;]
(By me, this entire world is pervaded by the unmanifest form. All beings are in me, but I am not situated in them.)
I pervade this entire universe with my unmanifest form. All beings are in me, but I am not in them.
न च मत्स्थानि भूतानि पश्य मे योगमैश्वरम्। भूतभृन्न च भूतस्थो ममात्मा भूतभावनः ॥६-३१-५॥
na ca matsthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogamaiśvaram। bhūtabhṛnna ca bhūtastho mamātmā bhūtabhāvanaḥ ॥6-31-5॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; मत्स्थानि (matsthāni) - in me; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; पश्य (paśya) - see; मे (me) - my; योगमैश्वरम् (yogamaiśvaram) - divine yoga; भूतभृत् (bhūtabhṛt) - sustainer of beings; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; भूतस्थः (bhūtasthaḥ) - dwelling in beings; मम (mama) - my; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; भूतभावनः (bhūtabhāvanaḥ) - source of beings;]
(And yet, the beings do not exist in Me. Behold My divine yoga! I am the sustainer of beings, but I am not in them. My Self is the source of all beings.)
Although the beings are not situated in Me, behold My divine mystic power. I am the sustainer of all beings, yet I am not bound by them. My Self is the origin of all creation.
यथाकाशस्थितो नित्यं वायुः सर्वत्रगो महान्। तथा सर्वाणि भूतानि मत्स्थानीत्युपधारय ॥६-३१-६॥
yathākāśasthito nityaṃ vāyuḥ sarvatrago mahān। tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni matsthānītyupadhāraya ॥6-31-6॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; आकाशस्थितः (ākāśasthitaḥ) - situated in the sky; नित्यम् (nityam) - eternally; वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air; सर्वत्रगः (sarvatragaḥ) - all-pervading; महान् (mahān) - great; तथा (tathā) - so; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - entities; मत्स्थानि (matsthāni) - situated in Me; इति (iti) - thus; उपधारय (upadhāraya) - understand;]
(Just as the great air, which is eternally situated in the sky, is all-pervading, so understand that all entities are situated in Me.)
Just as the vast air is always present in the sky and pervades everywhere, in the same way, all living entities exist within Me.
सर्वभूतानि कौन्तेय प्रकृतिं यान्ति मामिकाम्। कल्पक्षये पुनस्तानि कल्पादौ विसृजाम्यहम् ॥६-३१-७॥
sarvabhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṃ yānti māmikām। kalpakṣaye punastāni kalpādau visṛjāmyaham ॥6-31-7॥
[सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; प्रकृतिं (prakṛtim) - nature; यान्ति (yānti) - enter; मामिकाम् (māmikām) - My; कल्पक्षये (kalpakṣaye) - at the end of a kalpa; पुनः (punah) - again; तानि (tāni) - those; कल्पादौ (kalpādau) - at the beginning of a kalpa; विसृजामि (visṛjāmi) - I create; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(All beings, O son of Kunti, enter into My nature at the end of a kalpa; again at the beginning of a kalpa, I create them.)
O son of Kunti, all beings merge into My nature at the end of a cosmic cycle, and at the beginning of the next, I create them anew.
प्रकृतिं स्वामवष्टभ्य विसृजामि पुनः पुनः। भूतग्राममिमं कृत्स्नमवशं प्रकृतेर्वशात् ॥६-३१-८॥
prakṛtiṁ svām avaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ। bhūtagrāmam imaṁ kṛtsnam avaśaṁ prakṛter vaśāt ॥6-31-8॥
[प्रकृतिं (prakṛtim) - nature; स्वाम् (svām) - own; अवष्टभ्य (avaṣṭabhya) - having controlled; विसृजामि (visṛjāmi) - I create; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; भूतग्रामम् (bhūtagrāmam) - the multitude of beings; इमम् (imam) - this; कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire; अवशम् (avaśam) - helpless; प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - of nature; वशात् (vaśāt) - by the control;]
(Having controlled my own nature, I create again and again this entire multitude of beings, helpless by the control of nature.)
I repeatedly create the entire multitude of beings, who are helplessly under the control of my own nature.
न च मां तानि कर्माणि निबध्नन्ति धनञ्जय। उदासीनवदासीनमसक्तं तेषु कर्मसु ॥६-३१-९॥
na ca māṃ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanañjaya। udāsīnavadāsīnamasaktaṃ teṣu karmasu ॥6-31-9॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - me; तानि (tāni) - those; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; निबध्नन्ति (nibadhnanti) - bind; धनञ्जय (dhanañjaya) - O Dhananjaya; उदासीनवत् (udāsīnavat) - like an indifferent; आसीनम् (āsīnam) - situated; असक्तम् (asaktam) - detached; तेषु (teṣu) - in those; कर्मसु (karmasu) - actions;]
(And those actions do not bind me, O Dhananjaya, as I remain like an indifferent, detached in those actions.)
O Dhananjaya, those actions do not bind me as I remain indifferent and detached from them.
मयाध्यक्षेण प्रकृतिः सूयते सचराचरम्। हेतुनानेन कौन्तेय जगद्विपरिवर्तते ॥६-३१-१०॥
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram। hetunānena kaunteya jagadviparivartate ॥6-31-10॥
[मया (mayā) - by me; अध्यक्षेण (adhyakṣeṇa) - by supervision; प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature; सूयते (sūyate) - manifests; सचराचरम् (sacarācaram) - the moving and non-moving; हेतुना (hetunā) - for this reason; अनेन (anena) - by this; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; जगत् (jagat) - the world; विपरिवर्तते (viparivartate) - revolves;]
(By my supervision, nature manifests the moving and non-moving; for this reason, O son of Kunti, the world revolves.)
Under my supervision, nature brings forth all living and non-living entities; thus, O son of Kunti, the world keeps turning.
अवजानन्ति मां मूढा मानुषीं तनुमाश्रितम्। परं भावमजानन्तो मम भूतमहेश्वरम् ॥६-३१-११॥
avajānanti māṁ mūḍhā mānuṣīṁ tanumāśritam। paraṁ bhāvamajānanto mama bhūtamaheśvaram ॥6-31-11॥
[अवजानन्ति (avajānanti) - disregard; मां (māṁ) - me; मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - fools; मानुषीम् (mānuṣīm) - human; तनुम् (tanum) - form; आश्रितम् (āśritam) - assuming; परम् (param) - supreme; भावम् (bhāvam) - nature; अजानन्तः (ajānantaḥ) - not knowing; मम (mama) - my; भूत (bhūta) - of beings; महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - the great lord;]
(Fools disregard me, assuming my human form, not knowing my supreme nature as the great lord of beings.)
Fools deride me when I assume a human form, not knowing my higher nature as the Supreme Lord of all beings.
मोघाशा मोघकर्माणो मोघज्ञाना विचेतसः। राक्षसीमासुरीं चैव प्रकृतिं मोहिनीं श्रिताः ॥६-३१-१२॥
moghāśā moghakarmāṇo moghajñānā vicetasaḥ। rākṣasīm āsurīṃ caiva prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ śritāḥ ॥6-31-12॥
[मोघाशा (moghāśā) - vain hopes; मोघकर्माणः (moghakarmāṇaḥ) - vain actions; मोघज्ञाना (moghajñānā) - vain knowledge; विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - without understanding; राक्षसीम् (rākṣasīm) - demonic; आसुरीम् (āsurīm) - of the Asuras; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - nature; मोहिनीम् (mohinīm) - deluding; श्रिताः (śritāḥ) - resorted to;]
(Those with vain hopes, vain actions, and vain knowledge, who are without understanding, have resorted to the demonic and Asuric nature, which is deluding.)
Those who are deluded by vain hopes, actions, and knowledge, and lack understanding, have embraced the demonic and Asuric nature, which leads them astray.
महात्मानस्तु मां पार्थ दैवीं प्रकृतिमाश्रिताः। भजन्त्यनन्यमनसो ज्ञात्वा भूतादिमव्ययम् ॥६-३१-१३॥
mahātmānas tu māṁ pārtha daivīṁ prakṛtim āśritāḥ। bhajanty ananyamanaso jñātvā bhūtādim avyayam ॥6-31-13॥
[महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - great souls; तु (tu) - but; माम् (mām) - me; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pṛthā; दैवीम् (daivīm) - divine; प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - nature; आश्रिताः (āśritāḥ) - who have taken shelter; भजन्ति (bhajanti) - worship; अनन्यमनसः (ananyamanasaḥ) - with undeviating mind; ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - knowing; भूतादिम् (bhūtādim) - the origin of all beings; अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable;]
(Great souls, however, O son of Pṛthā, who have taken shelter of the divine nature, worship Me with undeviating mind, knowing Me as the imperishable origin of all beings.)
O son of Pṛthā, the great souls who take refuge in the divine nature worship Me with unwavering minds, recognizing Me as the eternal source of all creation.
सततं कीर्तयन्तो मां यतन्तश्च दृढव्रताः। नमस्यन्तश्च मां भक्त्या नित्ययुक्ता उपासते ॥६-३१-१४॥
satataṁ kīrtayanto māṁ yatantaśca dṛḍhavratāḥ। namasyantaśca māṁ bhaktyā nityayuktā upāsate ॥6-31-14॥
[सततम् (satatam) - always; कीर्तयन्तः (kīrtayantaḥ) - glorifying; माम् (mām) - me; यतन्तः (yatantaḥ) - endeavoring; च (ca) - and; दृढव्रताः (dṛḍhavratāḥ) - with firm vows; नमस्यन्तः (namasyantaḥ) - bowing down; च (ca) - and; माम् (mām) - me; भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion; नित्ययुक्ताः (nityayuktāḥ) - constantly engaged; उपासते (upāsate) - worship;]
(Always glorifying me, endeavoring with firm vows, bowing down with devotion, constantly engaged, they worship me.)
They are always glorifying me, making efforts with firm vows, bowing down with devotion, and constantly engaged in worshiping me.
ज्ञानयज्ञेन चाप्यन्ये यजन्तो मामुपासते। एकत्वेन पृथक्त्वेन बहुधा विश्वतोमुखम् ॥६-३१-१५॥
jñānayajñena cāpyanye yajanto māmupāsate। ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvatomukham ॥6-31-15॥
[ज्ञानयज्ञेन (jñānayajñena) - by the sacrifice of knowledge; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अन्ये (anye) - others; यजन्तः (yajantaḥ) - worshipping; माम् (mām) - me; उपासते (upāsate) - worship; एकत्वेन (ekatvena) - as one; पृथक्त्वेन (pṛthaktvena) - in diversity; बहुधा (bahudhā) - in various ways; विश्वतोमुखम् (viśvatomukham) - the all-faced.;]
(By the sacrifice of knowledge, others also worship me, worshipping as one, in diversity, in various ways, the all-faced.)
Others also worship me through the sacrifice of knowledge, seeing me as one and as many, in various forms, as the all-faced.
अहं क्रतुरहं यज्ञः स्वधाहमहमौषधम्। मन्त्रोऽहमहमेवाज्यमहमग्निरहं हुतम् ॥६-३१-१६॥
ahaṁ kraturahaṁ yajñaḥ svadhāhamahamauṣadham। mantro'hamahamevājyamahamagnirahaṁ hutam ॥6-31-16॥
[अहं (ahaṁ) - I; क्रतुः (kratuḥ) - sacrifice; अहं (ahaṁ) - I; यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrificial ritual; स्वधा (svadhā) - oblation; अहम् (aham) - I; औषधम् (auṣadham) - medicinal herb; मन्त्रः (mantraḥ) - chant; अहम् (aham) - I; एव (eva) - indeed; आज्यम् (ājyam) - clarified butter; अहम् (aham) - I; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; अहम् (aham) - I; हुतम् (hutam) - offering;]
(I am the sacrifice, I am the sacrificial ritual, I am the oblation, I am the medicinal herb. I am the chant, I am indeed the clarified butter, I am the fire, I am the offering.)
I am the ritual, the sacrifice, the oblation, and the healing herb. I am the chant, the ghee, the fire, and the offering.
पिताहमस्य जगतो माता धाता पितामहः। वेद्यं पवित्रमोङ्कार ऋक्साम यजुरेव च ॥६-३१-१७॥
pitāhamasya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ। vedyaṃ pavitramoṅkāra ṛksāma yajureva ca ॥6-31-17॥
[पिता (pitā) - father; अहम् (aham) - I; अस्य (asya) - of this; जगतः (jagataḥ) - world; माता (mātā) - mother; धाता (dhātā) - supporter; पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather; वेद्यम् (vedyam) - to be known; पवित्रम् (pavitram) - sacred; ओङ्कारः (oṅkāraḥ) - syllable Om; ऋक् (ṛk) - Rigveda; साम (sāma) - Samaveda; यजुः (yajuḥ) - Yajurveda; एव (eva) - also; च (ca) - and;]
(I am the father of this world, the mother, the supporter, and the grandfather. I am the object of knowledge, the purifier, the syllable Om, and also the Rig, Sama, and Yajur Vedas.)
I am the father, mother, sustainer, and grandfather of this universe. I am the object of knowledge, the purifier, the sacred syllable Om, and the Rig, Sama, and Yajur Vedas.
गतिर्भर्ता प्रभुः साक्षी निवासः शरणं सुहृत्। प्रभवः प्रलयः स्थानं निधानं बीजमव्ययम् ॥६-३१-१८॥
gatirbhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṃ suhṛt। prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṃ nidhānaṃ bījamavyayam ॥6-31-18॥
[गतिः (gatiḥ) - goal; भर्ता (bhartā) - supporter; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord; साक्षी (sākṣī) - witness; निवासः (nivāsaḥ) - abode; शरणं (śaraṇam) - refuge; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend; प्रभवः (prabhavaḥ) - origin; प्रलयः (pralayaḥ) - dissolution; स्थानं (sthānam) - resting place; निधानं (nidhānam) - treasure; बीजम् (bījam) - seed; अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable;]
(Goal, supporter, lord, witness, abode, refuge, friend. Origin, dissolution, resting place, treasure, seed, imperishable.)
He is the goal, the supporter, the lord, the witness, the abode, the refuge, and the friend. He is the origin, the dissolution, the resting place, the treasure, the seed, and the imperishable.
तपाम्यहमहं वर्षं निगृह्णाम्युत्सृजामि च। अमृतं चैव मृत्युश्च सदसच्चाहमर्जुन ॥६-३१-१९॥
tapāmy aham ahaṃ varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmy utsṛjāmi ca। amṛtaṃ caiva mṛtyuś ca sadasaccāham arjuna ॥6-31-19॥
[तपामि (tapāmi) - I heat; अहम् (aham) - I; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain; निगृह्णामि (nigṛhṇāmi) - withhold; उत्सृजामि (utsṛjāmi) - release; च (ca) - and; अमृतम् (amṛtam) - immortality; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; च (ca) - and; सत् (sat) - existence; असत् (asat) - non-existence; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna;]
(I heat, I withhold rain, and I release it. I am immortality and death, existence and non-existence, O Arjuna.)
I am the one who heats the world, controls the rain, and releases it. I embody both immortality and death, existence and non-existence, O Arjuna.
त्रैविद्या मां सोमपाः पूतपापा; यज्ञैरिष्ट्वा स्वर्गतिं प्रार्थयन्ते। ते पुण्यमासाद्य सुरेन्द्रलोक; मश्नन्ति दिव्यान्दिवि देवभोगान् ॥६-३१-२०॥
traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūtapāpā; yajñairiṣṭvā svargatiṃ prārthayante। te puṇyamāsādya surendraloka; maśnanti divyāndivi devabhogān ॥6-31-20॥
[त्रैविद्या (traividyā) - those who are versed in the three Vedas; मां (māṃ) - Me; सोमपाः (somapāḥ) - soma-drinkers; पूतपापा (pūtapāpā) - those whose sins are purified; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - with sacrifices; इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having worshiped; स्वर्गतिम् (svargatim) - the passage to heaven; प्रार्थयन्ते (prārthayante) - seek; ते (te) - they; पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - pious; आसाद्य (āsādya) - attaining; सुरेन्द्रलोकम् (surendralokam) - the world of Indra; अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - enjoy; दिव्यान् (divyān) - divine; दिवि (divi) - in heaven; देवभोगान् (devabhogān) - the pleasures of the gods;]
(Those who are versed in the three Vedas, soma-drinkers whose sins are purified, seek the passage to heaven by worshiping with sacrifices. Attaining the pious world of Indra, they enjoy divine pleasures in heaven.)
Those who are well-versed in the three Vedas, drink the soma and whose sins are purified, seek to reach heaven by performing sacrifices. Upon reaching the pious world of Indra, they enjoy the divine pleasures of the gods in heaven.
ते तं भुक्त्वा स्वर्गलोकं विशालं; क्षीणे पुण्ये मर्त्यलोकं विशन्ति। एवं त्रयीधर्ममनुप्रपन्ना; गतागतं कामकामा लभन्ते ॥६-३१-२१॥
te taṁ bhuktvā svargalokaṁ viśālaṁ; kṣīṇe puṇye martyalokaṁ viśanti। evaṁ trayīdharmamanuprapannā; gatāgataṁ kāmakāmā labhante ॥6-31-21॥
[ते (te) - they; तं (taṁ) - that; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed; स्वर्गलोकं (svargalokaṁ) - heaven; विशालं (viśālaṁ) - vast; क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - when diminished; पुण्ये (puṇye) - merit; मर्त्यलोकं (martyalokaṁ) - mortal world; विशन्ति (viśanti) - enter; एवं (evaṁ) - thus; त्रयीधर्ममनुप्रपन्ना (trayīdharmamanuprapannā) - those who follow the threefold path; गतागतं (gatāgatam) - cycle of birth and death; कामकामा (kāmakāmā) - desirous of desires; लभन्ते (labhante) - obtain;]
(They, having enjoyed that vast heaven, enter the mortal world when their merit is diminished. Thus, those who follow the threefold path, desirous of desires, obtain the cycle of birth and death.)
After enjoying the vast heaven, they return to the mortal world when their merits are exhausted. Thus, those who follow the threefold path, driven by desires, continue in the cycle of birth and death.
अनन्याश्चिन्तयन्तो मां ये जनाः पर्युपासते। तेषां नित्याभियुक्तानां योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहम् ॥६-३१-२२॥
ananyāś cintayanto māṁ ye janāḥ paryupāsate। teṣāṁ nityābhiyuktānāṁ yogakṣemaṁ vahāmy aham ॥6-31-22॥
[अनन्याः (ananyāḥ) - exclusive; चिन्तयन्तः (cintayantaḥ) - thinking; माम् (mām) - me; ये (ye) - who; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - worship; तेषाम् (teṣām) - their; नित्याभियुक्तानाम् (nityābhiyuktānām) - constantly devoted; योगक्षेमम् (yogakṣemam) - well-being; वहामि (vahāmi) - carry; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Those people who think of me exclusively and worship me, I carry their well-being as they are constantly devoted.)
"To those who are constantly devoted and who worship Me with love, I give the understanding by which they can come to Me."
येऽप्यन्यदेवता भक्ता यजन्ते श्रद्धयान्विताः। तेऽपि मामेव कौन्तेय यजन्त्यविधिपूर्वकम् ॥६-३१-२३॥
ye'pyanyadevatā bhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ। te'pi māmeva kaunteya yajantyavidhipūrvakam ॥6-31-23॥
[ये (ye) - those who; अपि (api) - also; अन्यदेवता (anyadevatā) - other deities; भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees; यजन्ते (yajante) - worship; श्रद्धया (śraddhayā) - with faith; अन्विताः (anvitāḥ) - endowed; ते (te) - they; अपि (api) - also; माम् (mām) - me; एव (eva) - only; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; यजन्ति (yajanti) - worship; अविधिपूर्वकम् (avidhipūrvakam) - improperly;]
(Those who are devotees of other deities and worship them with faith, they also worship me, O son of Kunti, but improperly.)
Even those who are devoted to other gods and worship them with faith, they actually worship me, O son of Kunti, but in an improper way.
अहं हि सर्वयज्ञानां भोक्ता च प्रभुरेव च। न तु मामभिजानन्ति तत्त्वेनातश्च्यवन्ति ते ॥६-३१-२४॥
ahaṁ hi sarvayajñānāṁ bhoktā ca prabhureva ca। na tu māmabhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te ॥6-31-24॥
[अहं (ahaṁ) - I; हि (hi) - indeed; सर्वयज्ञानां (sarvayajñānāṁ) - of all sacrifices; भोक्ता (bhoktā) - enjoyer; च (ca) - and; प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord; एव (eva) - certainly; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; माम् (mām) - me; अभिजानन्ति (abhijānanti) - know; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in reality; अतः (ataḥ) - therefore; च्यवन्ति (cyavanti) - fall; ते (te) - they;]
(I am indeed the enjoyer and the lord of all sacrifices; but they do not know me in reality, therefore they fall.)
I am the ultimate enjoyer and master of all sacrifices, yet people do not truly understand me, and thus they fall from grace.
यान्ति देवव्रता देवान्पितॄन्यान्ति पितृव्रताः। भूतानि यान्ति भूतेज्या यान्ति मद्याजिनोऽपि माम् ॥६-३१-२५॥
yānti devavratā devānpitṝnyānti pitṛvratāḥ। bhūtāni yānti bhūtejya yānti madyājino'pi mām ॥6-31-25॥
[यान्ति (yānti) - go; देवव्रताः (devavratāḥ) - those devoted to the gods; देवान् (devān) - to the gods; पितॄन् (pitṝn) - to the ancestors; यान्ति (yānti) - go; पितृव्रताः (pitṛvratāḥ) - those devoted to the ancestors; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - to the elements; यान्ति (yānti) - go; भूतेज्याः (bhūtejyaḥ) - those who worship the elements; यान्ति (yānti) - go; मद्याजिनः (madyājinaḥ) - those who worship me; अपि (api) - also; माम् (mām) - to me;]
(Those devoted to the gods go to the gods; those devoted to the ancestors go to the ancestors; those who worship the elements go to the elements; those who worship me also come to me.)
People who worship the gods go to the gods, those who worship the ancestors go to the ancestors, those who worship the elements go to the elements, and those who worship me come to me.
पत्रं पुष्पं फलं तोयं यो मे भक्त्या प्रयच्छति। तदहं भक्त्युपहृतमश्नामि प्रयतात्मनः ॥६-३१-२६॥
patraṁ puṣpaṁ phalaṁ toyaṁ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati। tadahaṁ bhaktyupahṛtamaśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ ॥6-31-26॥
[पत्रम् (patram) - leaf; पुष्पम् (puṣpam) - flower; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; तोयम् (toyam) - water; यः (yaḥ) - who; मे (me) - to me; भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - offers; तत् (tat) - that; अहम् (aham) - I; भक्त्युपहृतम् (bhaktyupahṛtam) - offered with devotion; अश्नामि (aśnāmi) - consume; प्रयतात्मनः (prayatātmanaḥ) - of the pure-minded;]
(A leaf, a flower, a fruit, or water, whoever offers to me with devotion, I consume that, offered with devotion, from the pure-minded.)
If one offers me with devotion a leaf, a flower, a fruit, or water, I will accept it from the pure-hearted devotee.
यत्करोषि यदश्नासि यज्जुहोषि ददासि यत्। यत्तपस्यसि कौन्तेय तत्कुरुष्व मदर्पणम् ॥६-३१-२७॥
yat karoṣi yad aśnāsi yaj juhoṣi dadāsi yat। yat tapasyasi kaunteya tat kuruṣva madarpaṇam ॥6-31-27॥
[यत् (yat) - whatever; करोषि (karoṣi) - you do; यत् (yat) - whatever; अश्नासि (aśnāsi) - you eat; यत् (yat) - whatever; जुहोषि (juhoṣi) - you offer; ददासि (dadāsi) - you give; यत् (yat) - whatever; तपस्यसि (tapasyasi) - you perform as penance; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; तत् (tat) - that; कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do; मदर्पणम् (madarpaṇam) - as an offering to Me;]
(Whatever you do, whatever you eat, whatever you offer, whatever you give, whatever penance you perform, O son of Kunti, do that as an offering to Me.)
O son of Kunti, dedicate all your actions, whether eating, offering, giving, or performing penance, as an offering to Me.
शुभाशुभफलैरेवं मोक्ष्यसे कर्मबन्धनैः। संन्यासयोगयुक्तात्मा विमुक्तो मामुपैष्यसि ॥६-३१-२८॥
śubhāśubhaphalairevaṃ mokṣyase karmabandhanaiḥ। saṃnyāsayogayuktātmā vimukto māmupaiṣyasi ॥6-31-28॥
[शुभ (śubha) - auspicious; अशुभ (aśubha) - inauspicious; फलैः (phalaiḥ) - fruits; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; मोक्ष्यसे (mokṣyase) - you will be freed; कर्मबन्धनैः (karmabandhanaiḥ) - from the bondage of actions; संन्यास (saṃnyāsa) - renunciation; योग (yoga) - yoga; युक्त (yukta) - united; आत्मा (ātmā) - soul; विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - liberated; माम् (mām) - to me; उपैष्यसि (upaiṣyasi) - you will come;]
(Thus, you will be freed from the bondage of actions by the fruits of auspicious and inauspicious deeds. United with the soul through the yoga of renunciation, liberated, you will come to me.)
By performing actions without attachment to their auspicious or inauspicious results, you will be freed from the bondage of karma. With a mind united in the yoga of renunciation, you will be liberated and come to me.
समोऽहं सर्वभूतेषु न मे द्वेष्योऽस्ति न प्रियः। ये भजन्ति तु मां भक्त्या मयि ते तेषु चाप्यहम् ॥६-३१-२९॥
samo'ham sarvabhūteṣu na me dveṣyo'sti na priyaḥ। ye bhajanti tu māṃ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cāpyaham ॥6-31-29॥
[समः (samaḥ) - equal; अहम् (aham) - I; सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - among all beings; न (na) - not; मे (me) - to me; द्वेष्यः (dveṣyaḥ) - hateful; अस्ति (asti) - is; न (na) - not; प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear; ये (ye) - those who; भजन्ति (bhajanti) - worship; तु (tu) - but; माम् (mām) - me; भक्त्या (bhaktyā) - with devotion; मयि (mayi) - in me; ते (te) - they; तेषु (teṣu) - among them; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(I am equal among all beings; no one is hateful or dear to me. But those who worship me with devotion, they are in me, and I am also in them.)
I am impartial to all living beings; I hold no one with hatred or affection. However, those who worship me with devotion, they dwell in me, and I too dwell in them.
अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक्। साधुरेव स मन्तव्यः सम्यग्व्यवसितो हि सः ॥६-३१-३०॥
api cetsudurācāro bhajate māmananyabhāk। sādhureva sa mantavyaḥ samyagvyavasito hi saḥ ॥6-31-30॥
[अपि (api) - even; चेत् (cet) - if; सुदुराचारः (sudurācāraḥ) - very wicked; भजते (bhajate) - worships; माम् (mām) - me; अनन्यभाक् (ananyabhāk) - undivided devotion; साधुः (sādhuḥ) - saint; एव (eva) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - he; मन्तव्यः (mantavyaḥ) - should be considered; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - resolved; हि (hi) - for; सः (saḥ) - he;]
(Even if a very wicked person worships me with undivided devotion, he should indeed be considered a saint, for he is properly resolved.)
Even if someone with very bad conduct worships me with unwavering devotion, he should be regarded as a saint because he has made the right resolve.
क्षिप्रं भवति धर्मात्मा शश्वच्छान्तिं निगच्छति। कौन्तेय प्रतिजानीहि न मे भक्तः प्रणश्यति ॥६-३१-३१॥
kṣipraṃ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvacchāntiṃ nigacchati। kaunteya pratijānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati ॥6-31-31॥
[क्षिप्रं (kṣipram) - quickly; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul; शश्वत् (śaśvat) - eternal; शान्तिं (śāntiṃ) - peace; निगच्छति (nigacchati) - attains; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti; प्रतिजानीहि (pratijānīhi) - declare; न (na) - not; मे (me) - my; भक्तः (bhaktaḥ) - devotee; प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes;]
(Quickly becomes a righteous soul, attains eternal peace. O son of Kunti, declare that my devotee never perishes.)
One who is devoted to me quickly becomes righteous and attains eternal peace. O son of Kunti, declare boldly that my devotee never perishes.
मां हि पार्थ व्यपाश्रित्य येऽपि स्युः पापयोनयः। स्त्रियो वैश्यास्तथा शूद्रास्तेऽपि यान्ति परां गतिम् ॥६-३१-३२॥
māṁ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ। striyo vaiśyās tathā śūdrās te'pi yānti parāṁ gatim ॥6-31-32॥
[माम् (mām) - me; हि (hi) - indeed; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha; व्यपाश्रित्य (vyapāśritya) - taking refuge; ये (ye) - who; अपि (api) - even; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; पापयोनयः (pāpayonayaḥ) - of sinful birth; स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women; वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - merchants; तथा (tathā) - as well as; शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - workers; ते (te) - they; अपि (api) - also; यान्ति (yānti) - go; पराम् (parām) - supreme; गतिम् (gatim) - destination;]
(Indeed, O son of Pritha, even those who are of sinful birth, women, merchants, as well as workers, taking refuge in me, they also go to the supreme destination.)
O son of Pritha, those who take refuge in me, even if they are born of sinful origin, women, merchants, or workers, they too attain the supreme goal.
किं पुनर्ब्राह्मणाः पुण्या भक्ता राजर्षयस्तथा। अनित्यमसुखं लोकमिमं प्राप्य भजस्व माम् ॥६-३१-३३॥
kiṁ punarbrāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayastathā। anityamasukhaṁ lokamimaṁ prāpya bhajasva mām ॥6-31-33॥
[किं (kiṁ) - what; पुनः (punar) - again; ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; पुण्याः (puṇyāḥ) - virtuous; भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees; राजर्षयः (rājarṣayaḥ) - royal sages; तथा (tathā) - also; अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent; असुखम् (asukham) - unhappy; लोकम् (lokam) - world; इम् (imam) - this; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; भजस्व (bhajasva) - worship; माम् (mām) - me;]
(What then of the virtuous brāhmaṇas, the devotees, and the royal sages? Having obtained this impermanent and unhappy world, worship Me.)
What then can be said of the virtuous brāhmaṇas, the devotees, and the royal sages? Therefore, having come to this temporary and sorrowful world, engage in My devotion.
मन्मना भव मद्भक्तो मद्याजी मां नमस्कुरु। मामेवैष्यसि युक्त्वैवमात्मानं मत्परायणः ॥६-३१-३४॥
manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṁ namaskuru। māmevaiṣyasi yuktvaivamātmānaṁ matparāyaṇaḥ ॥6-31-34॥
[मन्मना (manmanā) - with mind on Me; भव (bhava) - be; मद्भक्तः (madbhaktaḥ) - My devotee; मद्याजी (madyājī) - who worships Me; माम् (mām) - Me; नमस्कुरु (namaskuru) - offer obeisance; माम् (mām) - Me; एव (eva) - certainly; एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will come; युक्त्वा (yuktvā) - being absorbed; एवम् (evam) - thus; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - in mind; मत्परायणः (matparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to Me;]
(With mind on Me, be My devotee, who worships Me, offer obeisance to Me. Certainly, you will come to Me, being absorbed thus in mind, devoted to Me.)
Focus your mind on Me, be devoted to Me, worship Me, and offer obeisance to Me. By doing so, you will certainly come to Me, being absorbed in Me and devoted to Me.
