07.023
Pancharatra and Core: Dhritarashtra laments the loss of Bhishma and Drona, blaming destiny, and further enquires about the progress of the battle.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
व्यथयेयुरिमे सेनां देवानामपि संयुगे। आहवे ये न्यवर्तन्त वृकोदरमुखा रथाः ॥७-२३-१॥
vyathayeyurime senāṃ devānāmapi saṃyuge। āhave ye nyavartanta vṛkodaramukhā rathāḥ ॥7-23-1॥
[व्यथयेयुः (vyathayeyuḥ) - would distress; इमे (ime) - these; सेनां (senāṃ) - army; देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods; अपि (api) - even; संयुगे (saṃyuge) - in battle; आहवे (āhave) - in war; ये (ye) - who; न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - retreated; वृकोदरमुखाः (vṛkodaramukhāḥ) - headed by Bhima; रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots;]
(These chariots, headed by Bhima, who retreated in war, would distress even the army of the gods in battle.)
These chariots, led by Bhima, who retreated in the battle, would even distress the army of the gods.
सम्प्रयुक्तः किलैवायं दिष्टैर्भवति पूरुषः। तस्मिन्नेव तु सर्वार्था दृश्यन्ते वै पृथग्विधाः ॥७-२३-२॥
samprayuktaḥ kilaivāyaṃ diṣṭairbhavati pūruṣaḥ। tasminneva tu sarvārthā dṛśyante vai pṛthagvidhāḥ ॥7-23-2॥
[सम्प्रयुक्तः (samprayuktaḥ) - engaged; किल (kila) - indeed; एव (eva) - only; अयम् (ayam) - this; दिष्टैः (diṣṭaiḥ) - by destiny; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - man; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; एव (eva) - only; तु (tu) - but; सर्वार्थाः (sarvārthāḥ) - all purposes; दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen; वै (vai) - indeed; पृथग्विधाः (pṛthagvidhāḥ) - of different kinds;]
(Engaged indeed only by destiny, this man becomes; in that only, but all purposes are seen indeed of different kinds.)
This man, indeed, becomes engaged only by destiny; in that alone, however, all purposes of different kinds are indeed seen.
दीर्घं विप्रोषितः कालमरण्ये जटिलोऽजिनी। अज्ञातश्चैव लोकस्य विजहार युधिष्ठिरः ॥७-२३-३॥
dīrghaṃ viproṣitaḥ kālamaraṇye jaṭilo'jinī। ajñātaścaiva lokasya vijahāra yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ॥7-23-3॥
[दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long; विप्रोषितः (viproṣitaḥ) - absent; कालम् (kālam) - time; अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest; जटिलः (jaṭilaḥ) - matted-haired; अजिनी (ajini) - in disguise; अज्ञातः (ajñātaḥ) - unknown; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; लोकस्य (lokasya) - to the world; विजहार (vijahāra) - wandered; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira;]
(For a long time, Yudhishthira, with matted hair, wandered in the forest in disguise, unknown to the world.)
Yudhishthira, with matted hair, lived in the forest in disguise for a long time, unknown to the world.
स एव महतीं सेनां समावर्तयदाहवे। किमन्यद्दैवसंयोगान्मम पुत्रस्य चाभवत् ॥७-२३-४॥
sa eva mahatīṃ senāṃ samāvartayadāhave। kimanyaddaivasaṃyogānmama putrasya cābhavat ॥7-23-4॥
[स (sa) - he; एव (eva) - indeed; महतीं (mahatīm) - great; सेनां (senām) - army; समावर्तयत् (samāvartayat) - assembled; आहवे (āhave) - in battle; किम् (kim) - what; अन्यत् (anyat) - else; दैव (daiva) - fate; संयोगात् (saṃyogāt) - due to conjunction; मम (mama) - my; पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - son's; च (ca) - and; अभवत् (abhavat) - happened;]
(He indeed assembled a great army in battle. What else happened due to the conjunction of fate and my son?)
He gathered a mighty army for the battle. What else transpired due to the alignment of fate and my son?
युक्त एव हि भाग्येन ध्रुवमुत्पद्यते नरः। स तथाकृष्यते तेन न यथा स्वयमिच्छति ॥७-२३-५॥
yukta eva hi bhāgyena dhruvam utpadyate naraḥ। sa tathākṛṣyate tena na yathā svayam icchati ॥7-23-5॥
[युक्त (yukta) - connected; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; भाग्येन (bhāgyena) - by fate; ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly; उत्पद्यते (utpadyate) - arises; नरः (naraḥ) - man; सः (saḥ) - he; तथा (tathā) - thus; आकृष्यते (ākṛṣyate) - is drawn; तेन (tena) - by that; न (na) - not; यथा (yathā) - as; स्वयम् (svayam) - himself; इच्छति (icchati) - desires;]
(Indeed, a man certainly arises connected by fate; he is thus drawn by that, not as he himself desires.)
A man is inevitably born connected to his destiny; he is led by it, not as he wishes himself.
द्यूतव्यसनमासाद्य क्लेशितो हि युधिष्ठिरः। स पुनर्भागधेयेन सहायानुपलब्धवान् ॥७-२३-६॥
dyūtavyasanam āsādya kleśito hi yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। sa punar bhāgadheyena sahāyān upalabdhavān ॥7-23-6॥
[द्यूत (dyūta) - gambling; व्यसन (vyasana) - vice; मासाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained; क्लेशितः (kleśitaḥ) - afflicted; हि (hi) - indeed; युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira; सः (saḥ) - he; पुनः (punar) - again; भागधेयेन (bhāgadheyena) - by fortune; सहायान् (sahāyān) - companions; उपलब्धवान् (upalabdhavān) - obtained;]
(Having obtained the vice of gambling, Yudhishthira was indeed afflicted. He again obtained companions by fortune.)
Yudhishthira, having fallen into the vice of gambling, was indeed troubled. However, by fortune, he once again found his companions.
अर्धं मे केकया लब्धाः काशिकाः कोसलाश्च ये। चेदयश्चापरे वङ्गा मामेव समुपाश्रिताः ॥७-२३-७॥
ardhaṁ me kekayā labdhāḥ kāśikāḥ kosalāśca ye। cedayaścāpare vaṅgā māmeva samupāśritāḥ ॥7-23-7॥
[अर्धं (ardham) - half; मे (me) - my; केकया (kekayā) - by Kekaya; लब्धाः (labdhāḥ) - obtained; काशिकाः (kāśikāḥ) - Kashikas; कोसलाः (kosalāḥ) - Kosalas; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who; चेदयः (cedayaḥ) - Chedis; च (ca) - and; अपरे (apare) - others; वङ्गाः (vaṅgāḥ) - Vangas; माम् (mām) - me; एव (eva) - only; समुपाश्रिताः (samupāśritāḥ) - have taken refuge;]
(Half of my kingdom was obtained by Kekaya, Kashikas, and Kosalas; the Chedis and other Vangas have taken refuge in me only.)
Half of my kingdom was acquired by Kekaya, Kashikas, and Kosalas; the Chedis and other Vangas have sought refuge in me alone.
पृथिवी भूयसी तात मम पार्थस्य नो तथा। इति मामब्रवीत्सूत मन्दो दुर्योधनस्तदा ॥७-२३-८॥
pṛthivī bhūyasī tāta mama pārthasya no tathā। iti māmabravītsūta mando duryodhanastadā ॥7-23-8॥
[पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth; भूयसी (bhūyasī) - greater; तात (tāta) - father; मम (mama) - my; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Arjuna; न (na) - not; तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; माम् (mām) - to me; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; सूत (sūta) - charioteer; मन्दः (mandaḥ) - foolish; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; तदा (tadā) - then;]
(The earth is greater, father, not so of Arjuna, thus said to me the foolish Duryodhana then, O charioteer.)
Duryodhana, in his foolishness, said to me, 'Father, the earth is greater, but not so for my Arjuna,' at that time, O charioteer.
तस्य सेनासमूहस्य मध्ये द्रोणः सुरक्षितः। निहतः पार्षतेनाजौ किमन्यद्भागधेयतः ॥७-२३-९॥
tasya senāsamūhasya madhye droṇaḥ surakṣitaḥ। nihataḥ pārṣatenājau kimanyadbhāgadheyataḥ ॥7-23-9॥
[तस्य (tasya) - his; सेनासमूहस्य (senāsamūhasya) - of the army group; मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona; सुरक्षितः (surakṣitaḥ) - protected; निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed; पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by the son of Prishata; अजौ (ajau) - in battle; किम् (kim) - what; अन्यत् (anyat) - else; भागधेयतः (bhāgadheyataḥ) - by destiny;]
(In the midst of his army group, Drona was protected. Killed by the son of Prishata in battle, what else is by destiny?)
In the midst of his army, Drona was protected, but was killed by the son of Prishata in battle. What else can be attributed to destiny?
मध्ये राज्ञां महाबाहुं सदा युद्धाभिनन्दिनम्। सर्वास्त्रपारगं द्रोणं कथं मृत्युरुपेयिवान् ॥७-२३-१०॥
madhye rājñāṃ mahābāhuṃ sadā yuddhābhinandinam। sarvāstrapāragaṃ droṇaṃ kathaṃ mṛtyurupeyvān ॥7-23-10॥
[मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed; सदा (sadā) - always; युद्धाभिनन्दिनम् (yuddhābhinandinam) - delighting in battle; सर्वास्त्रपारगम् (sarvāstrapāragam) - expert in all weapons; द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa; कथम् (katham) - how; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; उपेयिवान् (upeyvān) - approached;]
(In the midst of kings, the mighty-armed, always delighting in battle, expert in all weapons, how did death approach Droṇa?)
In the midst of the kings, how did death approach the mighty-armed Droṇa, who was always delighting in battle and was an expert in all weapons?
समनुप्राप्तकृच्छ्रोऽहं संमोहं परमं गतः। भीष्मद्रोणौ हतौ श्रुत्वा नाहं जीवितुमुत्सहे ॥७-२३-११॥
samanuprāptakṛcchro'haṃ saṃmohaṃ paramaṃ gataḥ। bhīṣmadroṇau hatau śrutvā nāhaṃ jīvitumutsahe ॥7-23-11॥
[समनुप्राप्त (samanuprāpta) - having reached; कृच्छ्रः (kṛcchraḥ) - difficulty; अहम् (aham) - I; संमोहम् (saṃmoham) - confusion; परमम् (paramam) - extreme; गतः (gataḥ) - gone; भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - Bhishma and Drona; हतौ (hatau) - killed; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; जीवितुम् (jīvitum) - to live; उत्सहे (utsahe) - am able;]
(Having reached extreme difficulty, I have gone into confusion. Having heard that Bhishma and Drona are killed, I am not able to live.)
I am in extreme distress and confusion, having heard of the deaths of Bhishma and Drona. I feel unable to continue living.
यन्मा क्षत्ताब्रवीत्तात प्रपश्यन्पुत्रगृद्धिनम्। दुर्योधनेन तत्सर्वं प्राप्तं सूत मया सह ॥७-२३-१२॥
yanmā kṣattābravīttāta prapaśyanputragṛddhinam। duryodhanena tatsarvaṃ prāptaṃ sūta mayā saha ॥7-23-12॥
[यत् (yat) - which; माम् (mām) - me; क्षत्ता (kṣattā) - O charioteer; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; तात (tāta) - father; प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing; पुत्र (putra) - son; गृद्धिनम् (gṛddhinam) - greedy; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; तत् (tat) - that; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained; सूत (sūta) - O charioteer; मया (mayā) - by me; सह (saha) - with;]
(O charioteer, all that which my father said to me, seeing the greed of his son, has been obtained by me with Duryodhana.)
O charioteer, everything that my father told me, foreseeing his son's greed, has come true with Duryodhana and me.
नृशंसं तु परं तत्स्यात्त्यक्त्वा दुर्योधनं यदि। पुत्रशेषं चिकीर्षेयं कृच्छ्रं न मरणं भवेत् ॥७-२३-१३॥
nṛśaṁsaṁ tu paraṁ tatsyāttyaktvā duryodhanaṁ yadi। putraśeṣaṁ cikīrṣeyaṁ kṛcchraṁ na maraṇaṁ bhavet ॥7-23-13॥
[नृशंसम् (nṛśaṁsam) - cruel; तु (tu) - but; परम् (param) - supreme; तत् (tat) - that; स्यात् (syāt) - would be; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - abandoning; दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana; यदि (yadi) - if; पुत्रशेषम् (putraśeṣam) - son remaining; चिकीर्षेयम् (cikīrṣeyam) - wish to do; कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - difficulty; न (na) - not; मरणम् (maraṇam) - death; भवेत् (bhavet) - would be;]
(Cruel indeed would be the supreme act if Duryodhana is abandoned. I wish to act for the remaining son, so that difficulty does not lead to death.)
It would be extremely cruel if Duryodhana is abandoned. I wish to act in a way that supports the remaining son, ensuring that the hardship does not result in death.
यो हि धर्मं परित्यज्य भवत्यर्थपरो नरः। सोऽस्माच्च हीयते लोकात्क्षुद्रभावं च गच्छति ॥७-२३-१४॥
yo hi dharmaṁ parityajya bhavatyarthaparo naraḥ। so'smācca hīyate lokātkṣudrabhāvaṁ ca gacchati ॥7-23-14॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मम् (dharmaṁ) - duty; परित्यज्य (parityajya) - abandoning; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; अर्थपरः (arthaparaḥ) - wealth-focused; नरः (naraḥ) - man; सः (saḥ) - he; अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this; च (ca) - and; हीयते (hīyate) - falls; लोकात् (lokāt) - from the world; क्षुद्रभावम् (kṣudrabhāvam) - insignificance; च (ca) - and; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes;]
(Who indeed, abandoning duty, becomes wealth-focused, that man falls from this world and goes to insignificance.)
A man who abandons his duty and becomes focused on wealth indeed falls from this world and attains a state of insignificance.
अद्य चाप्यस्य राष्ट्रस्य हतोत्साहस्य सञ्जय। अवशेषं न पश्यामि ककुदे मृदिते सति ॥७-२३-१५॥
adya cāpy asya rāṣṭrasya hatotsāhasya sañjaya। avaśeṣaṁ na paśyāmi kakude mṛdite sati ॥7-23-15॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अस्य (asya) - this; राष्ट्रस्य (rāṣṭrasya) - of the kingdom; हत-उत्साहस्य (hata-utsāhasya) - of the dispirited; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya; अवशेषं (avaśeṣam) - remnant; न (na) - not; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; ककुदे (kakude) - in the hump; मृदिते (mṛdite) - crushed; सति (sati) - being;]
(Today, O Sañjaya, I do not see any remnant of this kingdom, whose spirit is crushed, remaining in the hump.)
Today, O Sañjaya, I see no remnant of this kingdom, as its spirit is crushed and nothing remains.
कथं स्यादवशेषं हि धुर्ययोरभ्यतीतयोः। यौ नित्यमनुजीवामः क्षमिणौ पुरुषर्षभौ ॥७-२३-१६॥
kathaṁ syādavaśeṣaṁ hi dhuryayorabhyatītayoḥ। yau nityamanujīvāmaḥ kṣamiṇau puruṣarṣabhau ॥7-23-16॥
[कथं (kathaṁ) - how; स्यात् (syāt) - can be; अवशेषम् (avaśeṣam) - remaining; हि (hi) - indeed; धुर्ययोः (dhuryayoḥ) - of the two leaders; अभ्यतीतयोः (abhyatītayoḥ) - who have passed away; यौ (yau) - who; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अनुजीवामः (anujīvāmaḥ) - we live after; क्षमिणौ (kṣamiṇau) - forgiving; पुरुषर्षभौ (puruṣarṣabhau) - bulls among men;]
(How can there be anything remaining indeed of the two leaders who have passed away, who we always live after, forgiving bulls among men?)
How can there be anything left of the two great leaders who have passed away, whom we always follow, the forgiving and noble bulls among men?
व्यक्तमेव च मे शंस यथा युद्धमवर्तत। केऽयुध्यन्के व्यपाकर्षन्के क्षुद्राः प्राद्रवन्भयात् ॥७-२३-१७॥
vyaktameva ca me śaṁsa yathā yuddhamavartata। ke'yudhyanke vyapākarṣanke kṣudrāḥ prādravanbhayāt ॥7-23-17॥
[व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; शंस (śaṁsa) - tell; यथा (yathā) - how; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; अवर्तत (avartata) - took place; के (ke) - who; अयुध्यन् (ayudhyann) - fought; के (ke) - who; व्यपाकर्षन् (vyapākarṣan) - withdrew; के (ke) - who; क्षुद्राः (kṣudrāḥ) - cowards; प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - fled; भयात् (bhayāt) - out of fear;]
(Clearly indeed, tell me how the battle took place. Who fought, who withdrew, who were the cowards that fled out of fear?)
Clearly, tell me how the battle unfolded. Who were the ones who fought, who withdrew, and who were the cowards that fled in fear?
धनञ्जयं च मे शंस यद्यच्चक्रे रथर्षभः। तस्माद्भयं नो भूयिष्ठं भ्रातृव्याच्च विशेषतः ॥७-२३-१८॥
dhanañjayaṃ ca me śaṃsa yadyaccakre ratharṣabhaḥ। tasmādbhayaṃ no bhūyiṣṭhaṃ bhrātṛvyācca viśeṣataḥ ॥7-23-18॥
[धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; शंस (śaṃsa) - tell; यत् (yat) - what; यत् (yat) - whatever; चक्रे (cakre) - did; रथर्षभः (ratharṣabhaḥ) - the best of charioteers; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; भयम् (bhayam) - fear; नः (naḥ) - our; भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - greatest; भ्रातृव्यात् (bhrātṛvyāt) - from the enemy; च (ca) - and; विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially;]
(Tell me what Arjuna, the best of charioteers, did, therefore our greatest fear is especially from the enemy.)
Tell me what Arjuna, the best of charioteers, did, as our greatest fear is especially from the enemy.
यथासीच्च निवृत्तेषु पाण्डवेषु च सञ्जय। मम सैन्यावशेषस्य संनिपातः सुदारुणः ॥ मामकानां च ये शूराः कांस्तत्र समवारयन् ॥७-२३-१९॥
yathāsīcca nivṛtteṣu pāṇḍaveṣu ca sañjaya। mama sainyāvaśeṣasya saṃnipātaḥ sudāruṇaḥ ॥ māmakānāṃ ca ye śūrāḥ kāṃstatra samavārayan ॥7-23-19॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; असीत् (asīt) - was; च (ca) - and; निवृत्तेषु (nivṛtteṣu) - withdrawn; पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - Pāṇḍavas; च (ca) - and; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya; मम (mama) - my; सैन्य (sainya) - army; अवशेषस्य (avaśeṣasya) - remaining; संनिपातः (saṃnipātaḥ) - assembly; सुदारुणः (sudāruṇaḥ) - very terrible; मामकानां (māmakānāṃ) - of my people; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; कान् (kān) - whom; तत्र (tatra) - there; समवारयन् (samavārayan) - engaged;]
(As the Pāṇḍavas withdrew, O Sañjaya, the assembly of my remaining army was very terrible. And the heroes of my people, whom did they engage there?)
As the Pāṇḍavas withdrew, O Sañjaya, the assembly of my remaining army was very terrible. And who were the heroes among my people who engaged in battle there?
