08.001
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
ततो द्रोणे हते राजन्दुर्योधनमुखा नृपाः। भृशमुद्विग्नमनसो द्रोणपुत्रमुपागमन् ॥८-१-१॥
tato droṇe hate rājanduryodhanamukhā nṛpāḥ। bhṛśamudvignamanaso droṇaputramupāgaman ॥8-1-1॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; द्रोणे (droṇe) - Drona; हते (hate) - slain; राजन् (rājan) - O king; दुर्योधनमुखाः (duryodhanamukhāḥ) - headed by Duryodhana; नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; उद्विग्नमनसः (udvignamanasaḥ) - disturbed in mind; द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - to Drona's son; उपागमन् (upāgaman) - approached;]
(Then, O king, the kings headed by Duryodhana, greatly disturbed in mind, approached Drona's son after Drona was slain.)
After Drona was slain, the kings led by Duryodhana, deeply troubled, went to Drona's son.
ते द्रोणमुपशोचन्तः कश्मलाभिहतौजसः। पर्युपासन्त शोकार्तास्ततः शारद्वतीसुतम् ॥८-१-२॥
te droṇamupaśocantaḥ kaśmalābhihataujasaḥ। paryupāsanta śokārtāstataḥ śāradvatīsutam ॥8-1-2॥
[ते (te) - they; द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona; उपशोचन्तः (upaśocantaḥ) - lamenting; कश्मल (kaśmala) - confusion; अभिहत (abhihata) - struck; ओजसः (ojasah) - vigor; पर्युपासन्त (paryupāsanta) - surrounded; शोक (śoka) - grief; आर्ताः (ārtāḥ) - afflicted; ततः (tataḥ) - then; शारद्वतीसुतम् (śāradvatīsutam) - son of Sharadvati;]
(They, lamenting Drona, their vigor struck by confusion, surrounded the son of Sharadvati, afflicted by grief.)
They lamented over Drona, their strength sapped by confusion, and then surrounded the son of Sharadvati, overwhelmed by sorrow.
मुहूर्तं ते समाश्वास्य हेतुभिः शास्त्रसंमितैः। रात्र्यागमे महीपालाः स्वानि वेश्मानि भेजिरे ॥८-१-३॥
muhūrtaṃ te samāśvāsya hetubhiḥ śāstrasaṃmitaiḥ। rātryāgame mahīpālāḥ svāni veśmāni bhejire ॥8-1-3॥
[मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment; ते (te) - they; समाश्वास्य (samāśvāsya) - having consoled; हेतुभिः (hetubhiḥ) - with reasons; शास्त्रसंमितैः (śāstrasaṃmitaiḥ) - in accordance with scriptures; रात्र्यागमे (rātryāgame) - at the coming of night; महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - the kings; स्वानि (svāni) - their own; वेश्मानि (veśmāni) - palaces; भेजिरे (bhejire) - entered;]
(For a moment, having consoled them with reasons in accordance with scriptures, at the coming of night, the kings entered their own palaces.)
For a brief moment, the kings consoled them with scriptural reasons and, as night fell, they returned to their respective palaces.
विशेषतः सूतपुत्रो राजा चैव सुयोधनः। दुःशासनोऽथ शकुनिर्न निद्रामुपलेभिरे ॥८-१-४॥
viśeṣataḥ sūtaputro rājā caiva suyodhanaḥ। duḥśāsano'tha śakunirna nidrāmupalebhire ॥8-1-4॥
[विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially; सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - son of a charioteer; राजा (rājā) - king; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana; दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duhshasana; अथ (atha) - then; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni; न (na) - not; निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep; उपलेभिरे (upalebhire) - obtained;]
(Especially the son of a charioteer, the king, and indeed Suyodhana, Duhshasana, then Shakuni did not obtain sleep.)
Especially, the son of a charioteer, the king, and Suyodhana, Duhshasana, and Shakuni could not sleep.
ते वेश्मस्वपि कौरव्य पृथ्वीशा नाप्नुवन्सुखम्। चिन्तयन्तः क्षयं तीव्रं निद्रां नैवोपलेभिरे ॥८-१-५॥
te veśmasvapi kauravya pṛthvīśā nāpnuvansukham। cintayantaḥ kṣayaṃ tīvraṃ nidrāṃ naivopalabhire ॥8-1-5॥
[ते (te) - they; वेश्मसु (veśmasu) - in the houses; अपि (api) - even; कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru; पृथ्वीशाः (pṛthvīśāḥ) - kings; न (na) - not; आप्नुवन् (āpnuvan) - obtained; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; चिन्तयन्तः (cintayantaḥ) - thinking; क्षयम् (kṣayam) - destruction; तीव्रम् (tīvram) - intense; निद्राम् (nidrām) - sleep; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; उपलेभिरे (upalabhire) - obtained;]
(They, even in the houses, O descendant of Kuru, the kings did not obtain happiness. Thinking of intense destruction, they indeed did not obtain sleep.)
Even in their homes, the kings, O descendant of Kuru, could not find happiness. They were unable to sleep, tormented by thoughts of intense destruction.
सहितास्ते निशायां तु दुर्योधननिवेशने। अतिप्रचण्डाद्विद्वेषात्पाण्डवानां महात्मनाम् ॥८-१-६॥
sahitāste niśāyāṃ tu duryodhananiveśane। atiprachaṇḍādvidveṣātpāṇḍavānāṃ mahātmanām ॥8-1-6॥
[सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together; ते (te) - they; निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night; तु (tu) - but; दुर्योधननिवेशने (duryodhananiveśane) - in Duryodhana's abode; अतिप्रचण्डात् (atiprachaṇḍāt) - from intense; विद्वेषात् (vidveṣāt) - hatred; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - great souls;]
(Together they, at night, but in Duryodhana's abode, from intense hatred of the Pandavas, the great souls.)
Together, they stayed at Duryodhana's place at night due to their intense hatred towards the Pandavas, who were great souls.
यत्तद्द्यूतपरिक्लिष्टां कृष्णामानिन्यिरे सभाम्। तत्स्मरन्तोऽन्वतप्यन्त भृशमुद्विग्नचेतसः ॥८-१-७॥
yattaddyūtaparikliṣṭāṃ kṛṣṇāmāninyire sabhām। tatsmaranto'nvatapyanta bhṛśamudvignacetasaḥ ॥8-1-7॥
[यत् (yat) - that; तत् (tat) - that; द्यूत (dyūta) - gambling; परिक्लिष्टां (parikliṣṭām) - afflicted; कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Draupadi; आनिन्यिरे (āninyire) - brought; सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly; तत् (tat) - that; स्मरन्तः (smarantaḥ) - remembering; अन्वतप्यन्त (anvatapyanta) - regretted; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; उद्विग्न (udvigna) - disturbed; चेतसः (cētasaḥ) - minds;]
(That Draupadi, afflicted by gambling, was brought to the assembly. Remembering that, they greatly regretted with disturbed minds.)
Draupadi, who was distressed due to the gambling, was brought into the assembly. Recalling this event, they were filled with deep regret and their minds were greatly disturbed.
चिन्तयन्तश्च पार्थानां तान्क्लेशान्द्यूतकारितान्। कृच्छ्रेण क्षणदां राजन्निन्युरब्दशतोपमाम् ॥८-१-८॥
cintayantaś ca pārthānāṃ tān kleśān dyūtakāritān। kṛcchreṇa kṣaṇadāṃ rājann inyur abdaśatopamām ॥8-1-8॥
[चिन्तयन्तः (cintayantaḥ) - thinking; च (ca) - and; पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the sons of Pṛthā; तान् (tān) - those; क्लेशान् (kleśān) - troubles; द्यूत (dyūta) - gambling; कारितान् (kāritān) - caused by; कृच्छ्रेण (kṛcchreṇa) - with difficulty; क्षणदाम् (kṣaṇadām) - night; राजन् (rājan) - O King; इन्युः (inyuḥ) - they spent; अब्द (abda) - year; शत (śata) - hundred; उपमाम् (upamām) - like;]
(Thinking of the troubles caused by gambling to the sons of Pṛthā, O King, they spent the night with difficulty, which seemed like a hundred years.)
Thinking of the troubles caused by gambling to the sons of Pṛthā, O King, they spent the night with difficulty, which seemed like a hundred years.
ततः प्रभाते विमले स्थिता दिष्टस्य शासने। चक्रुरावश्यकं सर्वे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥८-१-९॥
tataḥ prabhāte vimale sthitā diṣṭasya śāsane। cakrurāvaśyakaṃ sarve vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ॥8-1-9॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रभाते (prabhāte) - in the morning; विमले (vimale) - clear; स्थिता (sthitā) - standing; दिष्टस्य (diṣṭasya) - of the appointed; शासने (śāsane) - in the command; चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they did; आवश्यकं (āvaśyakaṃ) - necessary; सर्वे (sarve) - all; विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - as per the prescribed method; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action;]
(Then, in the clear morning, standing in the command of the appointed, all did the necessary by action as per the prescribed method.)
In the clear morning, all stood by the command of the appointed and performed the necessary duties as prescribed.
ते कृत्वावश्यकार्याणि समाश्वस्य च भारत। योगमाज्ञापयामासुर्युद्धाय च विनिर्ययुः ॥८-१-१०॥
te kṛtvāvaśyakāryāṇi samāśvasya ca bhārata। yogamājñāpayāmāsuryuddhāya ca viniryayuḥ ॥8-1-10॥
[ते (te) - they; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; अवश्यकार्याणि (avaśyakāryāṇi) - necessary duties; समाश्वस्य (samāśvasya) - having rested; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata; योगम् (yogam) - preparation; आज्ञापयामासुः (ājñāpayāmāsuḥ) - ordered; युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle; च (ca) - and; विनिर्ययुः (viniryayuḥ) - set out.;]
(They, having done the necessary duties and having rested, O Bharata, ordered the preparation for battle and set out.)
After completing their essential tasks and taking rest, O Bharata, they commanded the preparations for battle and proceeded forth.
कर्णं सेनापतिं कृत्वा कृतकौतुकमङ्गलाः। वाचयित्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठान्दधिपात्रघृताक्षतैः ॥८-१-११॥
karṇaṁ senāpatiṁ kṛtvā kṛtakautukamaṅgalāḥ। vācayitvā dvijaśreṣṭhāndadhipātraghṛtākṣataiḥ ॥8-1-11॥
[कर्णं (karṇam) - Karna; सेनापतिं (senāpatiṁ) - general; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; कृतकौतुकमङ्गलाः (kṛtakautukamaṅgalāḥ) - having performed auspicious ceremonies; वाचयित्वा (vācayitvā) - having recited; द्विजश्रेष्ठान् (dvijaśreṣṭhān) - the best of the twice-born; दधिपात्रघृताक्षतैः (dadhipātraghṛtākṣataiḥ) - with curd, vessels, ghee, and unbroken rice;]
(Having made Karna the general and performed auspicious ceremonies, having recited to the best of the twice-born with curd, vessels, ghee, and unbroken rice.)
After appointing Karna as the general and conducting auspicious ceremonies, they recited to the best of the Brahmins using curd, vessels, ghee, and unbroken rice.
निष्कैर्गोभिर्हिरण्येन वासोभिश्च महाधनैः। वर्ध्यमाना जयाशीर्भिः सूतमागधबन्दिभिः ॥८-१-१२॥
niṣkairgobhirhiraṇyena vāsobhiśca mahādhanaiḥ। vardhyamānā jayāśīrbhiḥ sūtamāgadhabandibhiḥ ॥8-1-12॥
[निष्कैः (niṣkaiḥ) - with coins; गोभिः (gobhiḥ) - with cows; हिरण्येन (hiraṇyena) - with gold; वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - with garments; च (ca) - and; महाधनैः (mahādhanaiḥ) - with great wealth; वर्ध्यमाना (vardhyamānā) - being praised; जयाशीर्भिः (jayāśīrbhiḥ) - with victorious blessings; सूत (sūta) - charioteers; मागध (māgadha) - bards; बन्दिभिः (bandibhiḥ) - panegyrists;]
(With coins, cows, gold, garments, and great wealth, being praised with victorious blessings by charioteers, bards, and panegyrists.)
The prosperity was enhanced with coins, cows, gold, garments, and great wealth, as charioteers, bards, and panegyrists offered victorious blessings.
तथैव पाण्डवा राजन्कृतसर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः। शिबिरान्निर्ययू राजन्युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयाः ॥८-१-१३॥
tathaiva pāṇḍavā rājan kṛtasarvāhṇikakriyāḥ। śibirān niryayū rājanyuddhāya kṛtaniścayāḥ ॥8-1-13॥
[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas; राजन् (rājan) - O king; कृतसर्वाह्णिकक्रियाः (kṛtasarvāhṇikakriyāḥ) - having completed all daily duties; शिबिरात् (śibirāt) - from the camp; निर्गताः (nirgatāḥ) - departed; राजन् (rājan) - O king; युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle; कृतनिश्चयाः (kṛtaniścayāḥ) - having made a firm decision;]
(In the same way, O king, the Pandavas, having completed all daily duties, departed from the camp, O king, for battle, having made a firm decision.)
In the same way, O king, the Pandavas, after completing all their daily duties, left the camp decisively to engage in battle.
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तुमुलं रोमहर्षणम्। कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च परस्परवधैषिणाम् ॥८-१-१४॥
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tumulaṃ romaharṣaṇam। kurūṇāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ ca parasparavadhaiṣiṇām ॥8-1-14॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; तुमुलं (tumulaṃ) - fierce; रोमहर्षणम् (romaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising; कुरूणां (kurūṇāṃ) - of the Kauravas; पाण्डवानां (pāṇḍavānāṃ) - of the Pandavas; च (ca) - and; परस्परवधैषिणाम् (parasparavadhaiṣiṇām) - desiring mutual destruction;]
(Then commenced a fierce, hair-raising battle of the Kauravas and the Pandavas, desiring mutual destruction.)
Then a fierce and hair-raising battle commenced between the Kauravas and the Pandavas, both desiring to destroy each other.
तयोर्द्वे दिवसे युद्धं कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः। कर्णे सेनापतौ राजन्नभूदद्भुतदर्शनम् ॥८-१-१५॥
tayordve divase yuddhaṁ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ। karṇe senāpatau rājannabhūdadbhutadarśanam ॥8-1-15॥
[तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them; द्वे (dve) - two; दिवसे (divase) - days; युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle; कुरु (kuru) - Kuru; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Pāṇḍava; सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the armies; कर्णे (karṇe) - Karna; सेनापतौ (senāpatau) - as the commander; राजन् (rājan) - O king; अभूत् (abhūt) - there was; अद्भुत (adbhuta) - wonderful; दर्शनम् (darśanam) - sight;]
(Of them, for two days, the battle of the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies, with Karna as the commander, O king, there was a wonderful sight.)
For two days, the battle between the Kuru and Pāṇḍava armies, with Karna as the commander, was a remarkable spectacle, O king.
ततः शत्रुक्षयं कृत्वा सुमहान्तं रणे वृषः। पश्यतां धार्तराष्ट्राणां फल्गुनेन निपातितः ॥८-१-१६॥
tataḥ śatrukṣayaṃ kṛtvā sumahāntaṃ raṇe vṛṣaḥ। paśyatāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ phalgunena nipātitaḥ ॥8-1-16॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; शत्रुक्षयम् (śatrukṣayam) - enemy destruction; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; सुमहान्तम् (sumahāntam) - very great; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - the bull; पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - while watching; धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra; फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna; निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - was felled;]
(Then, having caused a very great destruction of the enemy in battle, the bull was felled by Arjuna while the sons of Dhritarashtra were watching.)
Then, after causing a massive destruction of the enemy in battle, the mighty warrior was struck down by Arjuna in the sight of the sons of Dhritarashtra.
ततस्तत्सञ्जयः सर्वं गत्वा नागाह्वयं पुरम्। आचख्यौ धृतराष्ट्राय यद्वृत्तं कुरुजाङ्गले ॥८-१-१७॥
tatastatsañjayaḥ sarvaṃ gatvā nāgāhvayaṃ puram। ācakhyau dhṛtarāṣṭrāya yadvṛttaṃ kurujāṅgale ॥8-1-17॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; तत् (tat) - that; सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; नागाह्वयम् (nāgāhvayam) - to Nagahvaya; पुरम् (puram) - city; आचख्यौ (ācakhyau) - informed; धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra; यद्वृत्तम् (yadvṛttam) - what happened; कुरुजाङ्गले (kurujāṅgale) - in Kurujangala;]
(Then that Sanjaya, having gone to the city of Nagahvaya, informed Dhritarashtra about what happened in Kurujangala.)
Then Sanjaya went to the city of Nagahvaya and informed Dhritarashtra about the events that took place in Kurujangala.
जनमेजय उवाच॥
janamejaya uvāca॥
[जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Janamejaya said:)
Janamejaya spoke:
आपगेयं हतं श्रुत्वा द्रोणं च समरे परैः। यो जगाम परामार्तिं वृद्धो राजाम्बिकासुतः ॥८-१-१८॥
āpageyaṃ hataṃ śrutvā droṇaṃ ca samare paraiḥ। yo jagāma parāmārtiṃ vṛddho rājāmbikāsutaḥ ॥8-1-18॥
[आपगेयम् (āpageyam) - son of Ganga; हतम् (hatam) - killed; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona; च (ca) - and; समरे (samare) - in battle; परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies; यः (yaḥ) - who; जगाम (jagāma) - went; परामार्तिम् (parāmārtim) - great distress; वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old; राजा (rājā) - king; अम्बिकासुतः (ambikāsutaḥ) - son of Ambika;]
(Having heard that the son of Ganga was killed and Drona in battle by enemies, the old king, son of Ambika, went into great distress.)
Upon hearing that Bhishma, the son of Ganga, and Drona were killed in battle by the enemies, the old king Dhritarashtra, son of Ambika, was deeply distressed.
स श्रुत्वा निहतं कर्णं दुर्योधनहितैषिणम्। कथं द्विजवर प्राणानधारयत दुःखितः ॥८-१-१९॥
sa śrutvā nihataṃ karṇaṃ duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam। kathaṃ dvijavara prāṇānadhārayata duḥkhitaḥ ॥8-1-19॥
[स (sa) - he; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; निहतं (nihataṃ) - killed; कर्णं (karṇaṃ) - Karṇa; दुर्योधनहितैषिणम् (duryodhanahitaiṣiṇam) - well-wisher of Duryodhana; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; द्विजवर (dvijavara) - O best of the twice-born; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life; अधारयत (adhārayata) - sustained; दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - grieved;]
(He, having heard that Karṇa, the well-wisher of Duryodhana, was killed, how did he, O best of the twice-born, sustain his life, being grieved?)
Upon hearing of the death of Karṇa, who was a well-wisher of Duryodhana, how did he, O esteemed sage, manage to sustain his life while being overwhelmed with grief?
यस्मिञ्जयाशां पुत्राणाममन्यत स पार्थिवः। तस्मिन्हते स कौरव्यः कथं प्राणानधारयत् ॥८-१-२०॥
yasmiñjayāśāṃ putrāṇāmamanyata sa pārthivaḥ। tasminhate sa kauravyaḥ kathaṃ prāṇānadhārayat ॥8-1-20॥
[यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; जयाशाम् (jayāśām) - hope of victory; पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons; अमन्यत (amanyata) - thought; सः (saḥ) - he; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him; हते (hate) - being slain; सः (saḥ) - he; कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - Kauravya; कथम् (katham) - how; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life; अधारयत् (adhārayat) - sustained;]
(In whom the king thought there was hope of victory for his sons, how did that Kauravya sustain his life when he was slain?)
The king, who believed that his sons' hope of victory rested in him, wondered how Kauravya could sustain his life after being slain.
दुर्मरं बत मन्येऽहं नृणां कृच्छ्रेऽपि वर्तताम्। यत्र कर्णं हतं श्रुत्वा नात्यजज्जीवितं नृपः ॥८-१-२१॥
durmaraṁ bata manye'haṁ nṛṇāṁ kṛcchre'pi vartatām। yatra karṇaṁ hataṁ śrutvā nātyajajjīvitaṁ nṛpaḥ ॥8-1-21॥
[दुर्मरम् (durmaram) - difficult to die; बत (bata) - indeed; मन्ये (manye) - I think; अहम् (aham) - I; नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men; कृच्छ्रे (kṛcchre) - in difficulty; अपि (api) - even; वर्तताम् (vartatām) - exists; यत्र (yatra) - where; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa; हतम् (hatam) - killed; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - hearing; न (na) - not; अत्यजत् (atyajat) - gave up; जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king;]
(Indeed, I think it is difficult to die for men, even in difficulty, where the king, hearing that Karṇa was killed, did not give up life.)
I believe it is truly hard for men to die even in dire situations, as the king did not give up his life upon hearing of Karṇa's death.
तथा शान्तनवं वृद्धं ब्रह्मन्बाह्लिकमेव च। द्रोणं च सोमदत्तं च भूरिश्रवसमेव च ॥८-१-२२॥
tathā śāntanavaṃ vṛddhaṃ brahmanbāhlikameva ca। droṇaṃ ca somadattaṃ ca bhūriśravasameva ca ॥8-1-22॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; शान्तनवं (śāntanavaṃ) - Śāntanu's son; वृद्धं (vṛddhaṃ) - old; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; बाह्लिकम् (bāhlikam) - Bahlika; एव (eva) - also; च (ca) - and; द्रोणं (droṇam) - Droṇa; सोमदत्तं (somadattaṃ) - Somadatta; भूरिश्रवसम् (bhūriśravasam) - Bhūriśravas; एव (eva) - also; च (ca) - and;]
(Thus, Śāntanu's son, the old Bahlika, O Brahman, and Droṇa, Somadatta, and Bhūriśravas also.)
Thus, O Brahman, the old Śāntanu's son, Bahlika, Droṇa, Somadatta, and Bhūriśravas were also present.
तथैव चान्यान्सुहृदः पुत्रपौत्रांश्च पातितान्। श्रुत्वा यन्नाजहात्प्राणांस्तन्मन्ये दुष्करं द्विज ॥८-१-२३॥
tathaiva cānyānsuhṛdaḥ putrapautrāṃśca pātitān। śrutvā yannājahātprāṇāṃstanmanye duṣkaraṃ dvija ॥8-1-23॥
[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; चान्यान् (cānyān) - and others; सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; पुत्र (putra) - sons; पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons; च (ca) - and; पातितान् (pātitān) - fallen; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; यत् (yat) - that; न (na) - not; अजहात् (ajahāt) - did abandon; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life; तत् (tat) - that; मन्ये (manye) - I think; दुष्करं (duṣkaraṃ) - difficult; द्विज (dvija) - O Brahmin;]
(In the same way, having heard of other friends, sons, and grandsons fallen, that he did not abandon life, I think that is difficult, O Brahmin.)
In the same way, O Brahmin, I believe it is difficult that he did not give up his life after hearing about the fall of his other friends, sons, and grandsons.
एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व विस्तरेण तपोधन। न हि तृप्यामि पूर्वेषां शृण्वानश्चरितं महत् ॥८-१-२४॥
etanme sarvamācakṣva vistareṇa tapodhana। na hi tṛpyāmi pūrveṣāṃ śṛṇvānaścaritaṃ mahat ॥8-1-24॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; मे (me) - my; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail; तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; तृप्यामि (tṛpyāmi) - am satisfied; पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of the ancients; शृण्वानः (śṛṇvānaḥ) - hearing; चरितम् (caritam) - deeds; महत् (mahat) - great;]
(Tell me all this in detail, O ascetic. Indeed, I am not satisfied hearing the great deeds of the ancients.)
"O ascetic, please narrate all this to me in detail. I am never satisfied listening to the great deeds of the ancients."
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
हते कर्णे महाराज निशि गावल्गणिस्तदा। दीनो ययौ नागपुरमश्वैर्वातसमैर्जवे ॥८-१-२५॥
hate karṇe mahārāja niśi gāvalgaṇistadā। dīno yayau nāgapuramaśvairvātasamairjave ॥8-1-25॥
[हते (hate) - having been killed; कर्णे (karṇe) - Karna; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; निशि (niśi) - at night; गावल्गणिः (gāvalgaṇiḥ) - Gavalganih; तदा (tadā) - then; दीनः (dīnaḥ) - sorrowful; ययौ (yayau) - went; नागपुरम् (nāgapuram) - to Nagapura; अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses; वातसमैः (vātasamaiḥ) - as fast as the wind; जवे (jave) - in speed;]
(Having been killed, O great king, at night Gavalganih, sorrowful, went to Nagapura by horses as fast as the wind in speed.)
After Karna was killed, O great king, Gavalganih, feeling sorrowful, went to Nagapura at night, riding horses that were as swift as the wind.
स हास्तिनपुरं गत्वा भृशमुद्विग्नमानसः। जगाम धृतराष्ट्रस्य क्षयं प्रक्षीणबान्धवम् ॥८-१-२६॥
sa hāstinapuraṃ gatvā bhṛśamudvignamānasaḥ। jagāma dhṛtarāṣṭrasya kṣayaṃ prakṣīṇabāndhavam ॥8-1-26॥
[स (sa) - he; हास्तिनपुरं (hāstinapuraṃ) - to Hastinapura; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; उद्विग्नमानसः (udvignamānasaḥ) - disturbed in mind; जगाम (jagāma) - went; धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra; क्षयम् (kṣayam) - abode; प्रक्षीणबान्धवम् (prakṣīṇabāndhavam) - devoid of relatives;]
(He, having gone to Hastinapura, greatly disturbed in mind, went to the abode of Dhritarashtra, devoid of relatives.)
He went to Hastinapura, deeply troubled, and visited the house of Dhritarashtra, which was now empty of relatives.
स समुद्वीक्ष्य राजानं कश्मलाभिहतौजसम्। ववन्दे प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा मूर्ध्ना पादौ नृपस्य ह ॥८-१-२७॥
sa samudvīkṣya rājānaṃ kaśmalābhihataujasam। vavande prāñjalirbhūtvā mūrdhnā pādau nṛpasya ha ॥8-1-27॥
[स (sa) - he; समुद्वीक्ष्य (samudvīkṣya) - having seen; राजानं (rājānam) - the king; कश्मल-अभिहत-उजसम् (kaśmala-abhihata-ujasam) - whose energy was struck by despondency; ववन्दे (vavande) - bowed; प्राञ्जलिः-भूत्वा (prāñjaliḥ-bhūtvā) - having become reverential; मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with his head; पादौ (pādau) - feet; नृपस्य (nṛpasya) - of the king; ह (ha) - indeed;]
(He, having seen the king whose energy was struck by despondency, bowed reverentially with his head at the feet of the king indeed.)
He saw the king, whose energy was diminished by despondency, and respectfully bowed down, touching the king's feet with his head.
सम्पूज्य च यथान्यायं धृतराष्ट्रं महीपतिम्। हा कष्टमिति चोक्त्वा स ततो वचनमाददे ॥८-१-२८॥
sampūjya ca yathānyāyaṃ dhṛtarāṣṭraṃ mahīpatim। hā kaṣṭamiti coktvā sa tato vacanamādade ॥8-1-28॥
[सम्पूज्य (sampūjya) - having worshipped; च (ca) - and; यथान्यायम् (yathānyāyam) - according to the rule; धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - Dhritarashtra; महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - the king; हा (hā) - alas; कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - distress; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said; सः (saḥ) - he; ततः (tataḥ) - then; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; आददे (ādade) - took up;]
(Having worshipped Dhritarashtra, the king, according to the rule, and having said, "Alas, distress!", he then took up the words.)
After duly worshipping King Dhritarashtra, he exclaimed, "Alas, what distress!", and then began to speak.
सञ्जयोऽहं क्षितिपते कच्चिदास्ते सुखं भवान्। स्वदोषेणापदं प्राप्य कच्चिन्नाद्य विमुह्यसि ॥८-१-२९॥
sañjayo'haṃ kṣitipate kaccidāste sukhaṃ bhavān। svadoṣeṇāpadaṃ prāpya kaccinnādya vimuhyasi ॥8-1-29॥
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; अहम् (aham) - I; क्षितिपते (kṣitipate) - O King; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; आस्ते (āste) - resides; सुखम् (sukham) - happily; भवान् (bhavān) - you; स्वदोषेण (svadoṣeṇa) - by own fault; आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; अद्य (adya) - today; विमुह्यसि (vimuhyasi) - are you confused;]
(Sanjaya, I, O King, whether resides happily you. By own fault calamity having obtained whether not today are you confused.)
Sanjaya said, "O King, do you reside happily? Having obtained calamity by your own fault, are you not confused today?"
हितान्युक्तानि विदुरद्रोणगाङ्गेयकेशवैः। अगृहीतान्यनुस्मृत्य कच्चिन्न कुरुषे व्यथाम् ॥८-१-३०॥
hitānyuktāni viduradroṇagāṅgeyakeśavaiḥ। agṛhītānyanusmṛtya kaccinna kuruṣe vyathām ॥8-1-30॥
[हितानि (hitāni) - beneficial things; उक्तानि (uktāni) - spoken; विदुर (vidura) - by Vidura; द्रोण (droṇa) - by Droṇa; गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - by Gāṅgeya; केशवैः (keśavaiḥ) - by Keśava; अगृहीतानि (agṛhītāni) - not accepted; अनुस्मृत्य (anusmṛtya) - remembering; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; कुरुषे (kuruṣe) - you are doing; व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress;]
(Beneficial things spoken by Vidura, Droṇa, Gāṅgeya, and Keśava, remembering those not accepted, whether you are not doing distress.)
Are you not feeling distressed by remembering the beneficial advice spoken by Vidura, Droṇa, Gāṅgeya, and Keśava, which you did not accept?
रामनारदकण्वैश्च हितमुक्तं सभातले। नगृहीतमनुस्मृत्य कच्चिन्न कुरुषे व्यथाम् ॥८-१-३१॥
rāmanāradakaṇvaiśca hitamuktaṃ sabhātale। nagṛhītamanusmṛtya kaccinna kuruṣe vyathām ॥8-1-31॥
[राम (rāma) - Rama; नारद (nārada) - Narada; कण्वैः (kaṇvaiḥ) - Kanva and others; च (ca) - and; हित (hita) - beneficial; उक्तं (uktaṃ) - spoken; सभातले (sabhātale) - in the assembly; न (na) - not; गृहीतम् (gṛhītam) - accepted; अनुस्मृत्य (anusmṛtya) - remembering; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; कुरुषे (kuruṣe) - you do; व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress;]
(Rama, Narada, Kanva and others spoke beneficial words in the assembly. Remembering that which was not accepted, do you not feel distress?)
Rama, Narada, Kanva, and others spoke beneficial words in the assembly. Do you remember and not feel distress about what was not accepted?
सुहृदस्त्वद्धिते युक्तान्भीष्मद्रोणमुखान्परैः। निहतान्युधि संस्मृत्य कच्चिन्न कुरुषे व्यथाम् ॥८-१-३२॥
suhṛdastvaddhite yuktānbhīṣmadroṇamukhānparaiḥ। nihatānyudhi saṃsmṛtya kaccinna kuruṣe vyathām ॥8-1-32॥
[सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends; त्वत् (tvat) - your; हिते (hite) - welfare; युक्तान् (yuktān) - engaged; भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; द्रोण (droṇa) - Drona; मुखान् (mukhān) - headed by; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others; निहतान् (nihatān) - killed; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; संस्मृत्य (saṃsmṛtya) - remembering; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; कुरुषे (kuruṣe) - you do; व्यथाम् (vyathām) - grief;]
(Remembering your friends, engaged in your welfare, headed by Bhishma and Drona, killed by others in battle, do you not feel grief?)
Reflecting on your friends who were devoted to your cause, led by Bhishma and Drona, and slain by others in battle, do you not experience sorrow?
तमेवंवादिनं राजा सूतपुत्रं कृताञ्जलिम्। सुदीर्घमभिनिःश्वस्य दुःखार्त इदमब्रवीत् ॥८-१-३३॥
tamevaṃvādinaṃ rājā sūtaputraṃ kṛtāñjalim। sudīrghamabhiniḥśvasya duḥkhārta idamabravīt ॥8-1-33॥
[तम् (tam) - that; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; वादिनम् (vādinam) - speaking; राजा (rājā) - king; सूतपुत्रम् (sūtaputram) - son of a charioteer; कृताञ्जलिम् (kṛtāñjalim) - with joined palms; सुदीर्घम् (sudīrgham) - long; अभिनिःश्वस्य (abhiniḥśvasya) - sighing; दुःखार्तः (duḥkhārtaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow; इदम् (idam) - this; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]
(The king, with joined palms, spoke thus to the son of a charioteer, sighing deeply and afflicted by sorrow.)
The king, deeply sighing and filled with sorrow, addressed the son of a charioteer with folded hands, saying these words.
गाङ्गेये निहते शूरे दिव्यास्त्रवति सञ्जय। द्रोणे च परमेष्वासे भृशं मे व्यथितं मनः ॥८-१-३४॥
gāṅgeye nihate śūre divyāstravati sañjaya। droṇe ca parameṣvāse bhṛśaṃ me vyathitaṃ manaḥ ॥8-1-34॥
[गाङ्गेये (gāṅgeye) - son of Ganga; निहते (nihate) - slain; शूरे (śūre) - hero; दिव्यास्त्रवति (divyāstravati) - divine weapon wielder; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; द्रोणे (droṇe) - in Drona; च (ca) - and; परमेष्वासे (parameṣvāse) - supreme archer; भृशं (bhṛśaṃ) - greatly; मे (me) - my; व्यथितं (vyathitaṃ) - distressed; मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(O Sanjaya, with the son of Ganga, the hero and divine weapon wielder, slain, and with Drona, the supreme archer, my mind is greatly distressed.)
Sanjaya, my mind is deeply troubled with the fall of the heroic son of Ganga, the wielder of divine weapons, and the supreme archer Drona.
यो रथानां सहस्राणि दंशितानां दशैव हि। अहन्यहनि तेजस्वी निजघ्ने वसुसम्भवः ॥८-१-३५॥
yo rathānāṃ sahasrāṇi daṃśitānāṃ daśaiva hi। ahanyahani tejasvī nijaghne vasusambhavaḥ ॥8-1-35॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; दंशितानाम् (daṃśitānām) - of the adorned; दश (daśa) - ten; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; अहन्यहनि (ahanyahani) - day by day; तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - the powerful; निजघ्ने (nijaghne) - killed; वसुसम्भवः (vasusambhavaḥ) - son of Vasu;]
(Who indeed killed ten thousands of adorned chariots day by day, the powerful son of Vasu.)
The powerful son of Vasu, who indeed killed ten thousands of adorned chariots day by day.
स हतो यज्ञसेनस्य पुत्रेणेह शिखण्डिना। पाण्डवेयाभिगुप्तेन भृशं मे व्यथितं मनः ॥८-१-३६॥
sa hato yajñasenasya putreṇeha śikhaṇḍinā। pāṇḍaveyābhiguptena bhṛśaṃ me vyathitaṃ manaḥ ॥8-1-36॥
[स (sa) - he; हतः (hataḥ) - killed; यज्ञसेनस्य (yajñasenasya) - of Yajnasena; पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son; इह (iha) - here; शिखण्डिना (śikhaṇḍinā) - by Shikhandi; पाण्डवेय (pāṇḍaveya) - by the Pandavas; अभिगुप्तेन (abhiguptena) - protected; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; मे (me) - my; व्यथितम् (vyathitam) - distressed; मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(He was killed by Yajnasena's son, Shikhandi, protected by the Pandavas; my mind is greatly distressed.)
He was slain by Shikhandi, the son of Yajnasena, under the protection of the Pandavas; my mind is deeply troubled.
भार्गवः प्रददौ यस्मै परमास्त्रं महात्मने। साक्षाद्रामेण यो बाल्ये धनुर्वेद उपाकृतः ॥८-१-३७॥
bhārgavaḥ pradadau yasmai paramāstraṃ mahātmane। sākṣādrāmeṇa yo bālye dhanurveda upākṛtaḥ ॥8-1-37॥
[भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhrigu's descendant; प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave; यस्मै (yasmai) - to whom; परमास्त्रं (paramāstram) - supreme weapon; महात्मने (mahātmane) - to the great soul; साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly; रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama; यः (yaḥ) - who; बाल्ये (bālye) - in childhood; धनुर्वेदः (dhanurvedaḥ) - science of archery; उपाकृतः (upākṛtaḥ) - was taught;]
(Bhrigu's descendant gave the supreme weapon to the great soul to whom directly by Rama, who in childhood was taught the science of archery.)
Bhrigu's descendant gave the supreme weapon to the great soul, who was directly taught the science of archery by Rama in his childhood.
यस्य प्रसादात्कौन्तेया राजपुत्रा महाबलाः। महारथत्वं सम्प्राप्तास्तथान्ये वसुधाधिपाः ॥८-१-३८॥
yasya prasādātkāunteyā rājaputrā mahābalāḥ। mahārathatvaṃ samprāptāstathānye vasudhādhipāḥ ॥8-1-38॥
[यस्य (yasya) - by whose; प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - grace; कौन्तेयाः (kāunteyāḥ) - sons of Kunti; राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes; महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - mighty; महारथत्वं (mahārathatvaṃ) - great chariot-warrior status; सम्प्राप्ताः (samprāptāḥ) - attained; तथा (tathā) - and; अन्ये (anye) - others; वसुधाधिपाः (vasudhādhipāḥ) - lords of the earth;]
(By whose grace, the sons of Kunti, the mighty princes, attained the status of great chariot-warriors, and other lords of the earth.)
Through his grace, the sons of Kunti, who are mighty princes, achieved the status of great chariot-warriors, as did other rulers of the earth.
तं द्रोणं निहतं श्रुत्वा धृष्टद्युम्नेन संयुगे। सत्यसन्धं महेष्वासं भृशं मे व्यथितं मनः ॥८-१-३९॥
taṁ droṇaṁ nihataṁ śrutvā dhṛṣṭadyumnena saṁyuge। satyasandhaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ bhṛśaṁ me vyathitaṁ manaḥ ॥8-1-39॥
[तं (taṁ) - that; द्रोणं (droṇaṁ) - Droṇa; निहतं (nihataṁ) - slain; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna; संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle; सत्यसन्धं (satyasandhaṁ) - truthful; महेष्वासं (maheṣvāsaṁ) - great archer; भृशं (bhṛśaṁ) - greatly; मे (me) - my; व्यथितं (vyathitaṁ) - distressed; मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(Having heard that Droṇa was slain by Dhṛṣṭadyumna in battle, my mind is greatly distressed for the truthful and great archer.)
Upon hearing that Droṇa was killed by Dhṛṣṭadyumna in the battle, my mind is deeply troubled for the honest and mighty archer.
त्रैलोक्ये यस्य शास्त्रेषु न पुमान्विद्यते समः। तं द्रोणं निहतं श्रुत्वा किमकुर्वत मामकाः ॥८-१-४०॥
trailokye yasya śāstreṣu na pumānvidyate samaḥ। taṃ droṇaṃ nihataṃ śrutvā kimakurvata māmakāḥ ॥8-1-40॥
[त्रैलोक्ये (trailokye) - in the three worlds; यस्य (yasya) - whose; शास्त्रेषु (śāstreṣu) - in the scriptures; न (na) - not; पुमान् (pumān) - man; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; समः (samaḥ) - equal; तं (taṃ) - him; द्रोणं (droṇaṃ) - Droṇa; निहतं (nihataṃ) - slain; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; किम् (kim) - what; अकुर्वत (akurvata) - did they do; मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my people;]
(In the three worlds, whose equal in the scriptures no man exists, having heard that Droṇa was slain, what did my people do?)
In the three worlds, there was no man equal to him in the scriptures. Upon hearing that Droṇa was slain, what did my people do?
संशप्तकानां च बले पाण्डवेन महात्मना। धनञ्जयेन विक्रम्य गमिते यमसादनम् ॥८-१-४१॥
saṁśaptakānāṁ ca bale pāṇḍavena mahātmanā। dhanañjayena vikramya gamite yamasādanam ॥8-1-41॥
[संशप्तकानां (saṁśaptakānāṁ) - of the Samsaptakas; च (ca) - and; बले (bale) - in the army; पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by the Pandava; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - the great-souled; धनञ्जयेन (dhanañjayena) - by Dhananjaya; विक्रम्य (vikramya) - having conquered; गमिते (gamite) - sent; यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to the abode of Yama;]
(The great-souled Pandava, having conquered, sent the Samsaptakas in the army to the abode of Yama.)
The great Pandava, Dhananjaya, valiantly defeated the Samsaptakas and sent them to the abode of Yama.
नारायणास्त्रे निहते द्रोणपुत्रस्य धीमतः। हतशेषेष्वनीकेषु किमकुर्वत मामकाः ॥८-१-४२॥
nārāyaṇāstre nihate droṇaputrasya dhīmataḥ। hataśeṣeṣvanīkeṣu kimakurvata māmakāḥ ॥8-1-42॥
[नारायण-अस्त्रे (nārāyaṇa-astre) - in the Narayana weapon; निहते (nihate) - being nullified; द्रोण-पुत्रस्य (droṇa-putrasya) - of Drona's son; धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - wise; हत-शेषेषु (hata-śeṣeṣu) - in the remaining killed; अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies; किम् (kim) - what; अकुर्वत (akurvata) - did they do; मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my (people);]
(In the Narayana weapon being nullified, of Drona's wise son, in the remaining killed armies, what did my (people) do?)
When the Narayana weapon was nullified, what actions did my wise son of Drona take among the remaining forces?
विप्रद्रुतानहं मन्ये निमग्नः शोकसागरे। प्लवमानान्हते द्रोणे सन्ननौकानिवार्णवे ॥८-१-४३॥
vipradrutānahaṃ manye nimagnaḥ śokasāgare। plavamānān hate droṇe sannanaukānivārṇave ॥8-1-43॥
[विप्रद्रुतान् (vipradrutān) - scattered; अहम् (aham) - I; मन्ये (manye) - think; निमग्नः (nimagnaḥ) - immersed; शोकसागरे (śokasāgare) - in the ocean of sorrow; प्लवमानान् (plavamānān) - floating; हते (hate) - slain; द्रोणे (droṇe) - Drona; सन्न (sanna) - sinking; नौकान् (naukān) - boats; इव (iva) - like; अर्णवे (arṇave) - in the ocean;]
(I think I am scattered, immersed in the ocean of sorrow, like boats sinking in the ocean, floating after Drona was slain.)
I feel as if I am scattered and submerged in a sea of sorrow, like boats adrift and sinking after the fall of Drona.
दुर्योधनस्य कर्णस्य भोजस्य कृतवर्मणः। मद्रराजस्य शल्यस्य द्रौणेश्चैव कृपस्य च ॥८-१-४४॥
duryodhanasya karṇasya bhojasya kṛtavarmaṇaḥ। madrarājasya śalyasya drauṇeścaiva kṛpasya ca ॥8-1-44॥
[दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; भोजस्य (bhojasya) - of Bhoja; कृतवर्मणः (kṛtavarmaṇaḥ) - of Kritavarma; मद्रराजस्य (madrarājasya) - of the king of Madra; शल्यस्य (śalyasya) - of Shalya; द्रौणेः (drauṇeḥ) - of Drona's son; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - also; कृपस्य (kṛpasya) - of Kripa; च (ca) - and;]
(Of Duryodhana, Karna, Bhoja, Kritavarma, the king of Madra, Shalya, Drona's son, and also of Kripa.)
This verse lists the names of the warriors associated with Duryodhana, including Karna, Bhoja, Kritavarma, the king of Madra (Shalya), Drona's son (Ashwatthama), and Kripa.
मत्पुत्रशेषस्य तथा तथान्येषां च सञ्जय। विप्रकीर्णेष्वनीकेषु मुखवर्णोऽभवत्कथम् ॥८-१-४५॥
matputraśeṣasya tathā tathānyeṣāṃ ca sañjaya। viprakīrṇeṣvanīkeṣu mukhavarṇo'bhavatkatham ॥8-1-45॥
[मत् (mat) - my; पुत्र (putra) - son; शेषस्य (śeṣasya) - remaining; तथा (tathā) - and; तथान्येषाम् (tathānyeṣām) - and others; च (ca) - also; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; विप्रकीर्णेषु (viprakīrṇeṣu) - scattered; अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies; मुखवर्णः (mukhavarṇaḥ) - facial color; अभवत् (abhavat) - became; कथम् (katham) - how;]
(My son and others, O Sanjaya, how did their facial color become in the scattered armies?)
O Sanjaya, how did the facial color of my remaining sons and others appear in the scattered armies?
एतत्सर्वं यथा वृत्तं तत्त्वं गावल्गणे रणे। आचक्ष्व पाण्डवेयानां मामकानां च सर्वशः ॥८-१-४६॥
etatsarvaṃ yathā vṛttaṃ tattvaṃ gāvalgaṇe raṇe। ācakṣva pāṇḍaveyānāṃ māmakānāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ ॥8-1-46॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; यथा (yathā) - as; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened; तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - truth; गावल्गणे (gāvalgaṇe) - to Gāvalgaṇa; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; पाण्डवेयानाम् (pāṇḍaveyānām) - of the Pandavas; मामकानाम् (māmakānām) - of my people; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - completely;]
(Tell all this truthfully to Gāvalgaṇa as it happened in battle, regarding the Pandavas and my people completely.)
Narrate everything as it truly happened in the battle to Gāvalgaṇa, concerning both the Pandavas and my people in full detail.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
पाण्डवेयैर्हि यद्वृत्तं कौरवेयेषु मारिष। तच्छ्रुत्वा मा व्यथां कार्षीदिष्टे न व्यथते मनः ॥८-१-४७॥
pāṇḍaveyair hi yad vṛttaṃ kauraveyeṣu māriṣa। tac chrutvā mā vyathāṃ kārṣīḍ iṣṭe na vyathate manaḥ ॥8-1-47॥
[पाण्डवेयैः (pāṇḍaveyaiḥ) - by the sons of Pandu; हि (hi) - indeed; यत् (yat) - what; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened; कौरवेयेषु (kauraveyeṣu) - among the sons of Kuru; मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one; तत् (tat) - that; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; मा (mā) - do not; व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress; कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - cause; इष्टे (iṣṭe) - desired; न (na) - not; व्यथते (vyathate) - is distressed; मनः (manaḥ) - mind;]
(O venerable one, indeed, what happened by the sons of Pandu among the sons of Kuru, having heard that, do not cause distress; the desired mind is not distressed.)
O venerable one, do not be distressed by what happened between the sons of Pandu and the sons of Kuru. Having heard it, the mind that is focused on the desired goal is not disturbed.
यस्मादभावी भावी वा भवेदर्थो नरं प्रति। अप्राप्तौ तस्य वा प्राप्तौ न कश्चिद्व्यथते बुधः ॥८-१-४८॥
yasmādabhāvī bhāvī vā bhavedartho naraṃ prati। aprāptau tasya vā prāptau na kaścidvyathate budhaḥ ॥8-1-48॥
[यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because; अभावी (abhāvī) - non-existent; भावी (bhāvī) - existent; वा (vā) - or; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; अर्थः (arthaḥ) - meaning; नरं (naraṃ) - to a man; प्रति (prati) - towards; अप्राप्तौ (aprāptau) - in non-attainment; तस्य (tasya) - of that; वा (vā) - or; प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - in attainment; न (na) - not; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; व्यथते (vyathate) - is distressed; बुधः (budhaḥ) - wise person;]
(Because whether non-existent or existent, the meaning may be towards a man; in non-attainment of that or in attainment, a wise person is not distressed.)
A wise person is not distressed by what may or may not happen to a man, whether it is attained or not.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra said:
न व्यथा शृण्वतः काचिद्विद्यते मम सञ्जय। दिष्टमेतत्पुरा मन्ये कथयस्व यथेच्छकम् ॥८-१-४९॥
na vyathā śṛṇvataḥ kācidvidyate mama sañjaya। diṣṭametatpurā manye kathayasva yathecchakam ॥8-1-49॥
[न (na) - not; व्यथा (vyathā) - pain; शृण्वतः (śṛṇvataḥ) - of hearing; काचित् (kācid) - any; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; मम (mama) - my; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - ordained; एतत् (etat) - this; पुरा (purā) - before; मन् (manye) - I think; कथयस्व (kathayasva) - tell; यथा (yathā) - as; इच्छकम् (icchakam) - you wish;]
(No pain of hearing exists for me, Sanjaya. This was ordained before, I think. Tell as you wish.)
There is no pain in hearing this, Sanjaya. I believe this was destined before. You may narrate as you wish.
