08.023
Pancharatra and Core: Hearing Karna's proposal, Shalya is reddened with anger as he considered himself to be superior to Karna. But Shalya succumbs to flattery, Duryodhana telling his skills are superior to those of Krishna, and yields.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
पुत्रस्तव महाराज मद्रराजमिदं वचः। विनयेनोपसङ्गम्य प्रणयाद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥८-२३-१॥
putrastava mahārāja madrarājamidaṃ vacaḥ। vinayenopasaṅgamya praṇayādvākyamabravīt ॥8-23-1॥
[पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; तव (tava) - your; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - to the king of Madra; इदं (idaṃ) - this; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech; विनयेन (vinayena) - with humility; उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - approaching; प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - with affection; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke;]
(Your son, O great king, approached the king of Madra with humility and spoke these words with affection.)
Your son, O great king, approached the king of Madra with humility and affectionately spoke these words.
सत्यव्रत महाभाग द्विषतामघवर्धन। मद्रेश्वर रणे शूर परसैन्यभयङ्कर ॥८-२३-२॥
satyavrata mahābhāga dviṣatām aghavardhana। madreśvara raṇe śūra parasainyabhayaṅkara ॥8-23-2॥
[सत्यव्रत (satyavrata) - truthful vow; महाभाग (mahābhāga) - greatly fortunate; द्विषताम् (dviṣatām) - of enemies; अघवर्धन (aghavardhana) - increasing sin; मद्रेश्वर (madreśvara) - lord of Madra; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; शूर (śūra) - heroic; परसैन्य (parasainya) - enemy army; भयङ्कर (bhayaṅkara) - fearsome;]
(Truthful vow, greatly fortunate, increasing sin of enemies. Lord of Madra, heroic in battle, fearsome to the enemy army.)
O greatly fortunate one with a truthful vow, who increases the sins of enemies, O lord of Madra, heroic in battle and fearsome to the enemy army.
श्रुतवानसि कर्णस्य ब्रुवतो वदतां वर। यथा नृपतिसिंहानां मध्ये त्वां वरयत्ययम् ॥८-२३-३॥
śrutavān asi karṇasya bruvato vadatāṃ varaḥ। yathā nṛpatisiṃhānāṃ madhye tvāṃ varayatyayam ॥8-23-3॥
[श्रुतवानसि (śrutavān asi) - you have heard; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - speaking; वदतां (vadatāṃ) - of speakers; वरः (varaḥ) - best; यथा (yathā) - as; नृपतिसिंहानाम् (nṛpatisiṃhānām) - of the lion-like kings; मध्ये (madhye) - among; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; वरयति (varayati) - chooses; अयम् (ayam) - this;]
(You have heard Karna, the best of speakers, as this one chooses you among the lion-like kings.)
You have heard Karna, the best of speakers, as this one chooses you among the lion-like kings.
तस्मात्पार्थविनाशार्थं हितार्थं मम चैव हि। सारथ्यं रथिनां श्रेष्ठ सुमनाः कर्तुमर्हसि ॥८-२३-४॥
tasmāt-pārtha-vināśārthaṃ hitārthaṃ mama caiva hi। sārathyaṃ rathināṃ śreṣṭha sumanāḥ kartum-arhasi ॥8-23-4॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; पार्थ (pārtha) - O son of Pritha; विनाशार्थं (vināśārthaṃ) - for destruction; हितार्थं (hitārthaṃ) - for benefit; मम (mama) - my; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - certainly; सारथ्यं (sārathyaṃ) - charioteering; रथिनां (rathināṃ) - of charioteers; श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - best; सुमनाः (sumanāḥ) - O kind-hearted one; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should;]
(Therefore, O son of Pritha, for destruction and for my benefit, indeed, certainly, O best of charioteers, O kind-hearted one, you should do charioteering.)
Therefore, O Arjuna, for the purpose of destruction and my benefit, you, O kind-hearted and best of charioteers, should take up the role of a charioteer.
अस्याभीशुग्रहो लोके नान्योऽस्ति भवता समः। स पातु सर्वतः कर्णं भवान्ब्रह्मेव शङ्करम् ॥८-२३-५॥
asyābhīśugraho loke nānyo'sti bhavatā samaḥ। sa pātu sarvataḥ karṇaṃ bhavān brahmeva śaṅkaram ॥8-23-5॥
[अस्य (asya) - of this; अभीशुग्रहो (abhīśugrahaḥ) - protector of the weak; लोके (loke) - in the world; न (na) - not; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another; अस्ति (asti) - exists; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; समः (samaḥ) - equal; सः (saḥ) - he; पातु (pātu) - may protect; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna; भवान् (bhavān) - you; ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahma; इव (iva) - like; शङ्करम् (śaṅkaram) - Shankara;]
(In this world, there is no one equal to you as the protector of the weak. May you protect Karna from all sides like Brahma protects Shankara.)
In this world, there is no one like you who can protect the weak. May you guard Karna from all directions as Brahma guards Shankara.
पार्थस्य सचिवः कृष्णो यथाभीशुग्रहो वरः। तथा त्वमपि राधेयं सर्वतः परिपालय ॥८-२३-६॥
pārthasya sacivaḥ kṛṣṇo yathābhīśugraho varaḥ। tathā tvamapi rādheyaṃ sarvataḥ paripālaya ॥8-23-6॥
[पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha; सचिवः (sacivaḥ) - minister; कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna; यथा (yathā) - as; अभीशुग्रहः (abhīśugrahaḥ) - excellent archer; वरः (varaḥ) - best; तथा (tathā) - so; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अपि (api) - also; राधेयं (rādheyaṃ) - Radheya; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - everywhere; परिपालय (paripālaya) - protect;]
(Krishna, the minister of Partha, is the best excellent archer. So you also protect Radheya everywhere.)
Krishna, the minister of Arjuna, is the best among archers. Similarly, you must protect Karna in all respects.
भीष्मो द्रोणः कृपः कर्णो भवान्भोजश्च वीर्यवान्। शकुनिः सौबलो द्रौणिरहमेव च नो बलम् ॥ एषामेव कृतो भागो नवधा पृतनापते ॥८-२३-७॥
bhīṣmo droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ karṇo bhavānbhojaśca vīryavān। śakuniḥ saubalo drauṇirahameva ca no balam ॥ eṣāmeva kṛto bhāgo navadhā pṛtanāpate ॥8-23-7॥
[भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona; कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; भवान् (bhavān) - yourself; भोजः (bhojaḥ) - Bhoja; च (ca) - and; वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni; सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - son of Subala; द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - son of Drona; अहम् (aham) - I; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; नः (naḥ) - our; बलम् (balam) - strength; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; एव (eva) - indeed; कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made; भागः (bhāgaḥ) - division; नवधा (navadhā) - ninefold; पृतनापते (pṛtanāpate) - O commander of the army; ॥८-२३-७॥ (॥8-23-7॥) -;]
(Bhishma, Drona, Kripa, Karna, yourself, Bhoja, and the powerful Shakuni, son of Subala, son of Drona, I indeed and our strength. Of these indeed, a division was made ninefold, O commander of the army.)
Bhishma, Drona, Kripa, Karna, yourself, Bhoja, and the powerful Shakuni, son of Subala, son of Drona, and I are indeed our strength. A division of these was made into nine parts, O commander of the army.
नैव भागोऽत्र भीष्मस्य द्रोणस्य च महात्मनः। ताभ्यामतीत्य तौ भागौ निहता मम शत्रवः ॥८-२३-८॥
naiva bhāgo'tra bhīṣmasya droṇasya ca mahātmanaḥ। tābhyām atītya tau bhāgau nihatā mama śatravaḥ ॥8-23-8॥
[न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; भागः (bhāgaḥ) - share; अत्र (atra) - here; भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma; द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona; च (ca) - and; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - great soul; ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - by those two; अतीत्य (atītya) - surpassing; तौ (tau) - those two; भागौ (bhāgau) - shares; निहता (nihatā) - killed; मम (mama) - my; शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies;]
(There is indeed no share here of Bhishma and Drona, the great souls. Surpassing those two shares, my enemies have been killed.)
"There is no contribution here from Bhishma and Drona, the great souls. My enemies have been defeated, surpassing the contributions of those two."
वृद्धौ हि तौ नरव्याघ्रौ छलेन निहतौ च तौ। कृत्वा नसुकरं कर्म गतौ स्वर्गमितोऽनघ ॥८-२३-९॥
vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau chalena nihatou cha tau। kṛtvā nasukaraṃ karma gatau svargamito'nagha ॥8-23-9॥
[वृद्धौ (vṛddhau) - grown; हि (hi) - indeed; तौ (tau) - those two; नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - tiger among men; छलेन (chalena) - by deceit; निहतौ (nihatou) - killed; च (cha) - and; तौ (tau) - those two; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; नसुकरं (nasukaraṃ) - difficult; कर्म (karma) - deed; गतौ (gatau) - went; स्वर्गम (svargam) - to heaven; इतः (itaḥ) - from here; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(Indeed, those two tigers among men, having grown, were killed by deceit. Having performed a difficult deed, they went to heaven from here, O sinless one.)
Indeed, those two great warriors, known as tigers among men, were deceitfully killed. After accomplishing a challenging task, they ascended to heaven, O sinless one.
तथान्ये पुरुषव्याघ्राः परैर्विनिहता युधि। अस्मदीयाश्च बहवः स्वर्गायोपगता रणे ॥ त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्यथाशक्ति चेष्टाः कृत्वा च पुष्कलाः ॥८-२३-१०॥
tathānye puruṣavyāghrāḥ parairvinihatā yudhi। asmadīyāśca bahavaḥ svargāyopagatā raṇe ॥ tyaktvā prāṇānyathāśakti ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā ca puṣkalāḥ ॥8-23-10॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; अन्ये (anye) - others; पुरुषव्याघ्राः (puruṣavyāghrāḥ) - tiger-like men; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others; विनिहताः (vinihatāḥ) - killed; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; अस्मदीयाः (asmadīyāḥ) - our; च (ca) - and; बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; स्वर्गाय (svargāya) - to heaven; उपगताः (upagatāḥ) - have gone; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - to the best of their ability; चेष्टाः (ceṣṭāḥ) - efforts; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; च (ca) - and; पुष्कलाः (puṣkalāḥ) - abundant;]
(Thus, other tiger-like men were killed by others in battle. Many of our own have gone to heaven in battle, having abandoned their lives, making efforts to the best of their ability, and having made abundant efforts.)
Thus, other valiant warriors were slain by enemies in battle. Many of our own have ascended to heaven on the battlefield, having given up their lives, striving with all their might, and making great efforts.
कर्णो ह्येको महाबाहुरस्मत्प्रियहिते रतः। भवांश्च पुरुषव्याघ्र सर्वलोकमहारथः ॥ तस्मिञ्जयाशा विपुला मम मद्रजनाधिप ॥८-२३-११॥
karṇo hyeko mahābāhurasmatpriyahite rataḥ। bhavāṁśca puruṣavyāghra sarvalokamaharathaḥ ॥ tasmiñjayāśā vipulā mama madrajanādhipa ॥8-23-11॥
[कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; हि (hi) - indeed; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; अस्मत् (asmat) - our; प्रियहिते (priyahite) - dear and beneficial; रतः (rataḥ) - engaged; भवान् (bhavān) - you; च (ca) - and; पुरुषव्याघ्रः (puruṣavyāghraḥ) - tiger among men; सर्वलोक (sarvaloka) - of all worlds; महारथः (maharathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in him; जयाशा (jayāśā) - hope of victory; विपुला (vipulā) - great; मम (mama) - my; मद्रजनाधिप (madrajanādhipa) - O ruler of the Madras;]
(Karna, indeed, the mighty-armed, is engaged in our dear and beneficial (tasks). You, O tiger among men, are the great chariot-warrior of all worlds. In him, my hope of victory is great, O ruler of the Madras.)
Karna, the mighty-armed, is indeed engaged in tasks that are dear and beneficial to us. You, O tiger among men, are the great chariot-warrior of all worlds. My hope of victory in him is immense, O ruler of the Madras.
पार्थस्य समरे कृष्णो यथाभीशुवरग्रहः। तेन युक्तो रणे पार्थो रक्ष्यमाणश्च पार्थिव ॥ यानि कर्माणि कुरुते प्रत्यक्षाणि तथैव ते ॥८-२३-१२॥
pārthasya samare kṛṣṇo yathābhīśuvaragrahaḥ। tena yukto raṇe pārtho rakṣyamāṇaśca pārthiva ॥ yāni karmāṇi kurute pratyakṣāṇi tathaiva te ॥8-23-12॥
[पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha; समरे (samare) - in battle; कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna; यथा (yathā) - as; अभीशुवरग्रहः (abhīśuvaragrahaḥ) - the best of archers; तेन (tena) - by him; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - united; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Partha; रक्ष्यमाणः (rakṣyamāṇaḥ) - protected; च (ca) - and; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the prince; यानि (yāni) - whatever; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; कुरुते (kurute) - performs; प्रत्यक्षाणि (pratyakṣāṇi) - visible; तथैव (tathaiva) - so indeed; ते (te) - they;]
(Krishna, the best of archers, in battle of Partha; united by him, Partha, protected and the prince in battle. Whatever actions he performs, they are visible indeed.)
In the battle, Krishna, the best of archers, united with Partha, who is protected and is the prince. Whatever actions are performed, they are indeed visible.
पूर्वं न समरे ह्येवमवधीदर्जुनो रिपून्। अहन्यहनि मद्रेश द्रावयन्दृश्यते युधि ॥८-२३-१३॥
pūrvaṃ na samare hyevamavadhīdarjuno ripūn। ahanyahani madreśa drāvayandṛśyate yudhi ॥8-23-13॥
[पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously; न (na) - not; समरे (samare) - in battle; हि (hi) - indeed; एवम् (evam) - thus; अवधीद् (avadhīd) - killed; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies; अहनि (ahani) - day; अहनि (ahani) - day; मद्रेश (madreśa) - O king of Madra; द्रावयन् (drāvayan) - driving away; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; युधि (yudhi) - in battle;]
(Previously, Arjuna did not kill enemies in battle like this. O king of Madra, day by day, he is seen driving them away in battle.)
Arjuna, who had not previously killed enemies in battle in this manner, is now seen driving them away day by day, O king of Madra.
भागोऽवशिष्टः कर्णस्य तव चैव महाद्युते। तं भागं सह कर्णेन युगपन्नाशयाहवे ॥८-२३-१४॥
bhāgo'vaśiṣṭaḥ karṇasya tava caiva mahādyute। taṃ bhāgaṃ saha karṇena yugapannāśayāhave ॥8-23-14॥
[भागः (bhāgaḥ) - part; अवशिष्टः (avaśiṣṭaḥ) - remaining; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; तव (tava) - your; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; महाद्युते (mahādyute) - O great radiant one; तम् (tam) - that; भागम् (bhāgam) - part; सह (saha) - with; कर्णेन (karṇena) - Karna; युगपत् (yugapat) - simultaneously; नाशय (nāśaya) - destroy; आहवे (āhave) - in battle;]
(The part remaining of Karna and yours, O great radiant one, destroy that part with Karna simultaneously in battle.)
O great radiant one, destroy the remaining part of Karna and yours simultaneously with Karna in battle.
सूर्यारुणौ यथा दृष्ट्वा तमो नश्यति मारिष। तथा नश्यन्तु कौन्तेयाः सपाञ्चालाः ससृञ्जयाः ॥८-२३-१५॥
sūryāruṇau yathā dṛṣṭvā tamo naśyati māriṣa। tathā naśyantu kaunteyāḥ sapāñcālāḥ sasṛñjayāḥ ॥8-23-15॥
[सूर्यारुणौ (sūryāruṇau) - the sun and dawn; यथा (yathā) - as; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness; नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes; मारिष (māriṣa) - O honorable one; तथा (tathā) - so; नश्यन्तु (naśyantu) - may perish; कौन्तेयाः (kaunteyāḥ) - the sons of Kunti; सपाञ्चालाः (sapāñcālāḥ) - along with the Panchalas; ससृञ्जयाः (sasṛñjayāḥ) - along with the Srinjayas;]
(As the sun and dawn appear, darkness perishes, O honorable one; so may the sons of Kunti, along with the Panchalas and Srinjayas, perish.)
Just as darkness disappears with the arrival of the sun and dawn, O honorable one, may the sons of Kunti, along with the Panchalas and Srinjayas, also meet their end.
रथानां प्रवरः कर्णो यन्तॄणां प्रवरो भवान्। संनिपातः समो लोके भवतोर्नास्ति कश्चन ॥८-२३-१६॥
rathānāṃ pravaraḥ karṇo yantr̥̄ṇāṃ pravaro bhavān। saṃnipātaḥ samo loke bhavatornāsti kaścana ॥8-23-16॥
[रथानाम् (rathānām) - of chariots; प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - the best; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; यन्तॄणाम् (yantr̥̄ṇām) - of charioteers; प्रवरः (pravaraḥ) - the best; भवान् (bhavān) - you; संनिपातः (saṃnipātaḥ) - assembly; समः (samaḥ) - equal; लोके (loke) - in the world; भवतोः (bhavatoḥ) - of you both; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - there is; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone;]
(Karna is the best of charioteers; you are the best of drivers. In the world, there is no assembly equal to you both.)
Karna is the foremost among charioteers, and you are the foremost among drivers. There is no assembly in the world that equals you both.
यथा सर्वास्ववस्थासु वार्ष्णेयः पाति पाण्डवम्। तथा भवान्परित्रातु कर्णं वैकर्तनं रणे ॥८-२३-१७॥
yathā sarvāsva-vasthāsu vārṣṇeyaḥ pāti pāṇḍavam। tathā bhavān paritrātu karṇaṃ vaikartanaṃ raṇe ॥8-23-17॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - in all; अवस्थासु (avasthāsu) - situations; वार्ष्णेयः (vārṣṇeyaḥ) - descendant of Vrishni; पाति (pāti) - protects; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - the Pandava; तथा (tathā) - so; भवान् (bhavān) - you; परित्रातु (paritrātu) - should protect; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna; वैकर्तनम् (vaikartanam) - son of Vikartana; रणे (raṇe) - in battle;]
(Just as the descendant of Vrishni protects the Pandava in all situations, so should you protect Karna, the son of Vikartana, in battle.)
In every situation, just as Krishna, the descendant of Vrishni, protects Arjuna, the Pandava, so should you protect Karna, the son of Vikartana, in the battle.
त्वया सारथिना ह्येष अप्रधृष्यो भविष्यति। देवतानामपि रणे सशक्राणां महीपते ॥ किं पुनः पाण्डवेयानां मातिशङ्कीर्वचो मम ॥८-२३-१८॥
tvayā sārathinā hyeṣa apradhṛṣyo bhaviṣyati। devatānāmapi raṇe saśakrāṇāṃ mahīpate ॥ kiṃ punaḥ pāṇḍaveyānāṃ mātiśaṅkīrvaco mama ॥8-23-18॥
[त्वया (tvayā) - by you; सारथिना (sārathinā) - as a charioteer; हि (hi) - indeed; एषः (eṣaḥ) - he; अप्रधृष्यः (apradhṛṣyaḥ) - invincible; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will become; देवतानाम् (devatānām) - of the gods; अपि (api) - even; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; सशक्राणाम् (saśakrāṇām) - with Indra; महीपते (mahīpate) - O king; किम् (kim) - what; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पाण्डवेयानाम् (pāṇḍaveyānām) - of the Pandavas; मा (mā) - do not; अति (ati) - excessively; शङ्कीः (śaṅkīḥ) - doubt; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; मम (mama) - my;]
(By you as a charioteer, indeed, he will become invincible. Even among the gods in battle with Indra, O king, what to speak of the Pandavas? Do not excessively doubt my words.)
With you as his charioteer, he will indeed become invincible, even in battle against the gods with Indra, O king. So, what need is there to doubt my words regarding the Pandavas?
दुर्योधनवचः श्रुत्वा शल्यः क्रोधसमन्वितः। त्रिशिखां भ्रुकुटीं कृत्वा धुन्वन्हस्तौ पुनः पुनः ॥८-२३-१९॥
duryodhanavacaḥ śrutvā śalyaḥ krodhasamanvitaḥ। triśikhāṃ bhrukuṭīṃ kṛtvā dhunvanhastau punaḥ punaḥ ॥8-23-19॥
[दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya; क्रोध (krodha) - anger; समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - filled with; त्रिशिखां (triśikhāṃ) - three-peaked; भ्रुकुटीं (bhrukuṭīṃ) - frown; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made; धुन्वन् (dhunvan) - shaking; हस्तौ (hastau) - hands; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(Having heard the words of Duryodhana, Shalya, filled with anger, made a three-peaked frown, shaking his hands again and again.)
Upon hearing Duryodhana's words, Shalya, filled with rage, furrowed his brows into a three-peaked frown and repeatedly shook his hands.
क्रोधरक्ते महानेत्रे परिवर्त्य महाभुजः। कुलैश्वर्यश्रुतिबलैर्दृप्तः शल्योऽब्रवीदिदम् ॥८-२३-२०॥
krodharakte mahānetre parivartya mahābhujaḥ। kulaiśvaryaśrutibalairdṛptaḥ śalyo'bravīdidam ॥8-23-20॥
[क्रोधरक्ते (krodharakte) - with anger-reddened; महानेत्रे (mahānetre) - great-eyed; परिवर्त्य (parivartya) - turning; महाभुजः (mahābhujaḥ) - great-armed; कुलैश्वर्यश्रुतिबलैः (kulaiśvaryaśrutibalaiḥ) - by family, wealth, learning, and strength; दृप्तः (dṛptaḥ) - proud; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; इदम् (idam) - this;]
(With anger-reddened great eyes, turning his great arms, proud by family, wealth, learning, and strength, Śalya said this.)
Śalya, with his eyes reddened by anger and turning his mighty arms, spoke with pride derived from his family, wealth, learning, and strength.
अवमन्यसे मां गान्धारे ध्रुवं मां परिशङ्कसे। यन्मां ब्रवीषि विस्रब्धं सारथ्यं क्रियतामिति ॥८-२३-२१॥
avamanyase māṃ gāndhāre dhruvaṃ māṃ pariśaṅkase। yanmāṃ bravīṣi visrabdhaṃ sārathyaṃ kriyatāmiti ॥8-23-21॥
[अवमन्यसे (avamanyase) - you disrespect; मां (māṃ) - me; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O Gandhari; ध्रुवं (dhruvaṃ) - certainly; मां (māṃ) - me; परिशङ्कसे (pariśaṅkase) - you suspect; यत् (yat) - that; मां (māṃ) - me; ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say; विस्रब्धं (visrabdhaṃ) - confidently; सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering; क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done; इति (iti) - thus;]
(You disrespect me, O Gandhari, certainly you suspect me. That you say to me confidently, let the charioteering be done thus.)
You disrespect me, O Gandhari, and certainly you suspect me. You confidently say to me, 'Let the charioteering be done.'
अस्मत्तोऽभ्यधिकं कर्णं मन्यमानः प्रशंससि। न चाहं युधि राधेयं गणये तुल्यमात्मना ॥८-२३-२२॥
asmattobhyadhikaṃ karṇaṃ manyamānaḥ praśaṃsasi। na cāhaṃ yudhi rādheyaṃ gaṇaye tulyamātmanā ॥8-23-22॥
[अस्मत्तः (asmattah) - than us; अभ्यधिकं (abhyadhikaṃ) - superior; कर्णं (karṇaṃ) - Karna; मन्यमानः (manyamānaḥ) - thinking; प्रशंससि (praśaṃsasi) - you praise; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; राधेयं (rādheyaṃ) - Radheya; गणये (gaṇaye) - consider; तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal; आत्मना (ātmanā) - to myself;]
(Thinking Karna to be superior to us, you praise him. But I do not consider Radheya to be equal to myself in battle.)
You think Karna is superior to us and praise him, but I do not consider Radheya to be my equal in battle.
आदिश्यतामभ्यधिको ममांशः पृथिवीपते। तमहं समरे हत्वा गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ॥८-२३-२३॥
ādiśyatām abhyadhiko mamāṁśaḥ pṛthivīpate। tam ahaṁ samare hatvā gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam ॥8-23-23॥
[आदिश्यताम् (ādiśyatām) - let it be commanded; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; मम (mama) - my; अंशः (aṁśaḥ) - portion; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth; तम् (tam) - him; अहम् (aham) - I; समरे (samare) - in battle; हत्वा (hatvā) - having slain; गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - shall go; यथा (yathā) - as; आगतम् (āgatam) - came;]
(Let it be commanded that my portion is superior, O lord of the earth. Having slain him in battle, I shall go as I came.)
"Let it be commanded that my portion is superior, O lord of the earth. After defeating him in battle, I shall return as I came."
अथ वाप्येक एवाहं योत्स्यामि कुरुनन्दन। पश्य वीर्यं ममाद्य त्वं सङ्ग्रामे दहतो रिपून् ॥८-२३-२४॥
atha vāpyeka evāhaṃ yotsyāmi kurunandana। paśya vīryaṃ mamādya tvaṃ saṅgrāme dahato ripūn ॥8-23-24॥
[अथ (atha) - then; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; एव (eva) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; योत्स्यामि (yotsyāmi) - will fight; कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O descendant of Kuru; पश्य (paśya) - see; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - prowess; मम (mama) - my; आद्य (ādya) - today; त्वम् (tvam) - you; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; दहतः (dahataḥ) - burning; रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies;]
(Then or even alone I will fight, O descendant of Kuru. See my prowess today, you in battle burning enemies.)
"Then, O descendant of Kuru, even if I have to fight alone, you shall witness today my prowess as I burn the enemies in battle."
न चाभिकामान्कौरव्य विधाय हृदये पुमान्। अस्मद्विधः प्रवर्तेत मा मा त्वमतिशङ्किथाः ॥८-२३-२५॥
na cābhikāmānkauravya vidhāya hṛdaye pumān। asmadvidhaḥ pravarteta mā mā tvamatiśaṅkithāḥ ॥8-23-25॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अभिकामान् (abhikāmān) - desires; कौरव्य (kauravya) - O descendant of Kuru; विधाय (vidhāya) - having placed; हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart; पुमान् (pumān) - a man; अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - like us; प्रवर्तेत (pravarteta) - should act; मा (mā) - do not; मा (mā) - do not; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अतिशङ्किथाः (atiśaṅkithāḥ) - doubt excessively;]
(And not having placed desires in the heart, a man like us should act, O descendant of Kuru; do not, do not doubt excessively, you.)
O descendant of Kuru, a man like us should not act with desires placed in the heart. Do not doubt excessively, you.
युधि चाप्यवमानो मे न कर्तव्यः कथञ्चन। पश्य हीमौ मम भुजौ वज्रसंहननोपमौ ॥८-२३-२६॥
yudhi cāpyavamāno me na kartavyaḥ kathañcana। paśya hīmaū mama bhujau vajrasaṃhananopamau ॥8-23-26॥
[युधि (yudhi) - in battle; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अवमानः (avamānaḥ) - insult; मे (me) - my; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - to be done; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way; पश्य (paśya) - see; हि (hi) - indeed; इमौ (imau) - these two; मम (mama) - my; भुजौ (bhujau) - arms; वज्र (vajra) - thunderbolt; संहनन (saṃhanana) - strength; उपमौ (upamau) - comparable;]
(In battle, insult to me should not be done in any way. See indeed these two arms of mine, comparable to the strength of a thunderbolt.)
In battle, I should never be insulted in any way. Behold my two arms, which are as strong as a thunderbolt.
धनुः पश्य च मे चित्रं शरांश्चाशीविषोपमान्। रथं पश्य च मे कॢप्तं सदश्वैर्वातवेगितैः ॥ गदां च पश्य गान्धारे हेमपट्टविभूषिताम् ॥८-२३-२७॥
dhanuḥ paśya ca me citraṃ śarāṃścāśīviṣopamān। rathaṃ paśya ca me kḷptaṃ sadaśvairvātavegitaiḥ ॥ gadāṃ ca paśya gāndhāre hemapaṭṭavibhūṣitām ॥8-23-27॥
[धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; पश्य (paśya) - see; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; चित्रं (citraṃ) - wonderful; शरान् (śarān) - arrows; च (ca) - and; अशीविष-उपमान् (aśīviṣa-upamān) - like serpents; रथं (rathaṃ) - chariot; पश्य (paśya) - see; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; कॢप्तं (kḷptaṃ) - arranged; सदश्वैः (sadaśvaiḥ) - with good horses; वात-वेगितैः (vāta-vegitaiḥ) - swift as the wind; गदां (gadāṃ) - mace; च (ca) - and; पश्य (paśya) - see; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - Gandhara; हेम-पट्ट-विभूषिताम् (hema-paṭṭa-vibhūṣitām) - adorned with gold bands;]
(See my wonderful bow and arrows like serpents. See my chariot arranged with good horses swift as the wind. And see the mace from Gandhara adorned with gold bands.)
Behold my magnificent bow and arrows that resemble serpents. Observe my chariot, equipped with excellent horses that move as swiftly as the wind. Also, take a look at the mace from Gandhara, beautifully adorned with gold bands.
दारयेयं महीं क्रुद्धो विकिरेयं च पर्वतान्। शोषयेयं समुद्रांश्च तेजसा स्वेन पार्थिव ॥८-२३-२८॥
dārayeyaṃ mahīṃ kruddho vikireyaṃ ca parvatān। śoṣayeyaṃ samudrāṃśca tejasā svena pārthiva ॥8-23-28॥
[दारयेयम् (dārayeyam) - I would split; महीं (mahīm) - the earth; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; विकिरेयम् (vikireyam) - I would scatter; च (ca) - and; पर्वतान् (parvatān) - the mountains; शोषयेयम् (śoṣayeyam) - I would dry up; समुद्रान् (samudrān) - the oceans; च (ca) - and; तेजसा (tejasā) - by energy; स्वेन (svena) - my own; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king;]
(I would split the earth, being angry, and scatter the mountains. I would dry up the oceans by my own energy, O king.)
"O king, in my anger, I could split the earth, scatter the mountains, and dry up the oceans with my own energy."
तन्मामेवंविधं जानन्समर्थमरिनिग्रहे। कस्माद्युनक्षि सारथ्ये न्यूनस्याधिरथेर्नृप ॥८-२३-२९॥
tan māṃ evaṃvidhaṃ jānan samarthaṃ arinigrahe। kasmād yunakṣi sārathye nyūnasya adhirather nṛpa ॥8-23-29॥
[तत् (tat) - that; माम् (mām) - me; एवंविधम् (evaṃvidham) - such a kind; जानन् (jānan) - knowing; समर्थम् (samartham) - capable; अरिनिग्रहे (arinigrahe) - in subduing enemies; कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why; युनक्षि (yunakṣi) - you engage; सारथ्ये (sārathye) - in charioteering; न्यूनस्य (nyūnasya) - of one inferior; अधिरथेः (adhiratheḥ) - to a great charioteer; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]
(That me, knowing such a kind, capable in subduing enemies, why do you engage in charioteering to a great charioteer of one inferior, O king?)
O king, knowing me to be capable of subduing enemies, why do you engage me in the role of a charioteer to someone inferior to a great charioteer?
न नाम धुरि राजेन्द्र प्रयोक्तुं त्वमिहार्हसि। न हि पापीयसः श्रेयान्भूत्वा प्रेष्यत्वमुत्सहे ॥८-२३-३०॥
na nāma dhuri rājendra prayoktuṃ tvamihārhasi। na hi pāpīyasaḥ śreyānbhūtvā preṣyatvamutsahe ॥8-23-30॥
[न (na) - not; नाम (nāma) - indeed; धुरि (dhuri) - in the burden; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; प्रयोक्तुं (prayoktuṃ) - to engage; त्वम् (tvam) - you; इह (iha) - here; अर्हसि (arhasi) - are fit; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; पापीयसः (pāpīyasaḥ) - of the sinful; श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; प्रेष्यत्वम् (preṣyatvam) - servitude; उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am able;]
(Indeed, O king, you are not fit to engage in the burden here. Indeed, I am not able to become better by being in servitude of the sinful.)
O King, you should not engage in this burden here. Indeed, I cannot become better by serving the sinful.
यो ह्यभ्युपगतं प्रीत्या गरीयांसं वशे स्थितम्। वशे पापीयसो धत्ते तत्पापमधरोत्तरम् ॥८-२३-३१॥
yo hy abhyupagataṃ prītyā garīyāṃsaṃ vaśe sthitam। vaśe pāpīyaso dhatte tat pāpam adharottaram ॥8-23-31॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; हि (hi) - indeed; अभ्युपगतं (abhyupagataṃ) - approached; प्रीत्या (prītyā) - with affection; गरीयांसं (garīyāṃsaṃ) - superior; वशे (vaśe) - under control; स्थितम् (sthitam) - situated; वशे (vaśe) - under control; पापीयसः (pāpīyasaḥ) - of the inferior; धत्ते (dhatte) - bears; तत् (tat) - that; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; अधरोत्तरम् (adharottaram) - increasingly;]
(Who indeed bears the sin increasingly of the inferior who is under control, having approached the superior with affection.)
He who approaches a superior with affection and keeps him under control bears the increasing sin of the inferior.
ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मणा सृष्टा मुखात्क्षत्रमथोरसः। ऊरुभ्यामसृजद्वैश्याञ्शूद्रान्पद्भ्यामिति श्रुतिः ॥
brāhmaṇā brahmaṇā sṛṣṭā mukhātkṣatramathorasaḥ। ūrubhyāmasṛjadvaiśyāñśūdrānpadabhyāmiti śrutiḥ॥
[ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahma; सृष्टाः (sṛṣṭāḥ) - created; मुखात् (mukhāt) - from the mouth; क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - Kshatriyas; अथ (atha) - then; उरसः (urasaḥ) - from the chest; ऊरुभ्याम् (ūrubhyām) - from the thighs; असृजत् (asṛjat) - created; वैश्यान् (vaiśyān) - Vaishyas; शूद्रान् (śūdrān) - Shudras; पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - from the feet; इति (iti) - thus; श्रुतिः (śrutiḥ) - the scripture;]
(Brahmins were created by Brahma from the mouth, then Kshatriyas from the chest. Vaishyas were created from the thighs, and Shudras from the feet, thus says the scripture.)
According to the scripture, Brahmins were created by Brahma from his mouth, Kshatriyas from his chest, Vaishyas from his thighs, and Shudras from his feet.
अथान्योन्यस्य संयोगाच्चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य भारत। गोप्तारः सङ्ग्रहीतारो दातारः क्षत्रियाः स्मृताः ॥८-२३-३३॥
athānyonyasya saṁyogāccāturvarṇyasya bhārata। goptāraḥ saṅgrahītāro dātāraḥ kṣatriyāḥ smṛtāḥ ॥8-23-33॥
[अथ (atha) - now; अन्योन्यस्य (anyonyasya) - of each other; संयोगात् (saṁyogāt) - from the union; चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य (cāturvarṇyasya) - of the four classes; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata; गोप्तारः (goptāraḥ) - protectors; सङ्ग्रहीतारः (saṅgrahītāraḥ) - collectors; दातारः (dātāraḥ) - givers; क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are remembered;]
(Now, from the union of each other of the four classes, O Bharata, the protectors, collectors, and givers are remembered as Kshatriyas.)
O Bharata, it is said that from the union of the four classes, the Kshatriyas are recognized as the protectors, collectors, and givers.
याजनाध्यापनैर्विप्रा विशुद्धैश्च प्रतिग्रहैः। लोकस्यानुग्रहार्थाय स्थापिता ब्रह्मणा भुवि ॥८-२३-३४॥
yājanādhyāpanairviprā viśuddhaiśca pratigrahaiḥ। lokasyānugrahārthāya sthāpitā brahmaṇā bhuvi ॥8-23-34॥
[याजन (yājana) - sacrifices; अध्यापनैः (adhyāpanaiḥ) - by teaching; विप्राः (viprāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; विशुद्धैः (viśuddhaiḥ) - pure; च (ca) - and; प्रतिग्रहैः (pratigrahaiḥ) - by accepting gifts; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world; अनुग्रहार्थाय (anugrahārthāya) - for the purpose of blessing; स्थापिताः (sthāpitāḥ) - established; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth;]
(Brāhmaṇas are established on earth by Brahmā for the purpose of blessing the world through sacrifices, teaching, and by accepting pure gifts.)
Brāhmaṇas, through their pure sacrifices, teaching, and acceptance of gifts, are placed on earth by Brahmā to bless the world.
कृषिश्च पाशुपाल्यं च विशां दानं च सर्वशः। ब्रह्मक्षत्रविशां शूद्रा विहिताः परिचारकाः ॥८-२३-३५॥
kṛṣiśca pāśupālyaṃ ca viśāṃ dānaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ। brahmakṣatraviśāṃ śūdrā vihitāḥ paricārakāḥ ॥8-23-35॥
[कृषिः (kṛṣiḥ) - agriculture; च (ca) - and; पाशुपाल्यम् (pāśupālyam) - animal husbandry; च (ca) - and; विशाम् (viśām) - of the people; दानम् (dānam) - charity; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in all respects; ब्रह्मक्षत्रविशाम् (brahmakṣatraviśām) - of the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas; शूद्राः (śūdrāḥ) - Shudras; विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - are appointed; परिचारकाः (paricārakāḥ) - as servants;]
(Agriculture and animal husbandry, and charity in all respects, are appointed for the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas. Shudras are appointed as servants.)
Agriculture, animal husbandry, and charity are duties assigned to the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas in all respects, while the Shudras are designated as servants.
ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्य विहिताः सूता वै परिचारकाः। न विट्शूद्रस्य तत्रैव शृणु वाक्यं ममानघ ॥८-२३-३६॥
brahmakṣatrasya vihitāḥ sūtā vai paricārakāḥ। na viṭśūdrasya tatraiva śṛṇu vākyaṃ mamānagha ॥8-23-36॥
[ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahmins; क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the Kshatriyas; विहिताः (vihitāḥ) - appointed; सूता (sūtā) - charioteers; वै (vai) - indeed; परिचारकाः (paricārakāḥ) - attendants; न (na) - not; विट् (viṭ) - Vaishyas; शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of the Shudras; तत्रैव (tatraiva) - there itself; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - the statement; मम (mama) - my; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(Charioteers and attendants are indeed appointed for the Brahmins and Kshatriyas, not for the Vaishyas and Shudras. Hear my statement there itself, O sinless one.)
Charioteers and attendants are designated for the Brahmins and Kshatriyas, not for the Vaishyas and Shudras. Listen to my words there, O sinless one.
सोऽहं मूर्धावसिक्तः सन्राजर्षिकुलसम्भवः। महारथः समाख्यातः सेव्यः स्तव्यश्च बन्दिनाम् ॥८-२३-३७॥
so'haṁ mūrdhāvasiktaḥ sanrājarṣikulasambhavaḥ। mahārathaḥ samākhyātaḥ sevyaḥ stavyasca bandinām ॥8-23-37॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अहम् (aham) - I; मूर्धा (mūrdhā) - head; अवसिक्तः (avasiktaḥ) - anointed; सन् (san) - with; राजर्षि (rājarṣi) - royal sage; कुल (kula) - family; सम्भवः (sambhavaḥ) - born; महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior; समाख्यातः (samākhyātaḥ) - renowned; सेव्यः (sevyaḥ) - to be served; स्तव्यः (stavyah) - to be praised; च (ca) - and; बन्दिनाम् (bandinām) - by bards;]
(He, I, anointed on the head, born of the family of royal sages, renowned as a great chariot-warrior, to be served and praised by bards.)
I am the one anointed on the head, born into the family of royal sages, renowned as a great chariot-warrior, and worthy of service and praise by bards.
सोऽहमेतादृशो भूत्वा नेहारिकुलमर्दन। सूतपुत्रस्य सङ्ग्रामे सारथ्यं कर्तुमुत्सहे ॥८-२३-३८॥
so'hametādṛśo bhūtvā nehārikulamardana। sūtaputrasya saṅgrāme sārathyaṃ kartumutsahe ॥8-23-38॥
[सः (saḥ) - he; अहम् (aham) - I; एतादृशः (etādṛśaḥ) - such; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; निहारिकुलमर्दन (nihārikulamardana) - destroyer of the enemy's clan; सूतपुत्रस्य (sūtaputrasya) - of the charioteer's son; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; उत्सहे (utsahe) - I am eager;]
(He, having become such a destroyer of the enemy's clan, I am eager to do charioteering in the battle of the charioteer's son.)
Having become such a formidable warrior, I am eager to take on the role of charioteer in the battle against the charioteer's son.
अवमानमहं प्राप्य न योत्स्यामि कथञ्चन। आपृच्छ्य त्वाद्य गान्धारे गमिष्यामि यथागतम् ॥८-२३-३९॥
avamānamahaṃ prāpya na yotsyāmi kathaṃcana। āpṛcchya tvādya gāndhāre gamiṣyāmi yathāgatam ॥8-23-39॥
[अवमानम् (avamānam) - dishonor; अहम् (aham) - I; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; न (na) - not; योत्स्यामि (yotsyāmi) - will fight; कथञ्चन (kathaṃcana) - in any way; आपृच्छ्य (āpṛcchya) - having taken leave; त्वा (tvā) - you; अद्य (adya) - today; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - to Gandhara; गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - will go; यथा (yathā) - as; आगतम् (āgatam) - I came;]
(Having obtained dishonor, I will not fight in any way. Having taken leave of you today, I will go to Gandhara as I came.)
Having been dishonored, I will not fight at all. Today, after taking leave of you, I shall return to Gandhara the way I came.
एवमुक्त्वा नरव्याघ्रः शल्यः समितिशोभनः। उत्थाय प्रययौ तूर्णं राजमध्यादमर्षितः ॥८-२३-४०॥
evamuktvā naravyāghraḥ śalyaḥ samitiśobhanaḥ। utthāya prayayau tūrṇaṃ rājamadhyādamarṣitaḥ ॥8-23-40॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - tiger among men; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya; समिति (samiti) - assembly; शोभनः (śobhanaḥ) - splendid; उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen; प्रययौ (prayayau) - departed; तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly; राजमध्यात् (rājamadhyāt) - from the midst of kings; अमर्षितः (amarṣitaḥ) - angry;]
(Thus having spoken, the tiger among men, Shalya, splendid in assembly, having risen, departed quickly from the midst of kings, angry.)
After speaking in this manner, the illustrious Shalya, like a tiger among men, rose and quickly left the assembly of kings, filled with anger.
प्रणयाद्बहुमानाच्च तं निगृह्य सुतस्तव। अब्रवीन्मधुरं वाक्यं साम सर्वार्थसाधकम् ॥८-२३-४१॥
praṇayādbahumānācca taṃ nigṛhya sutastava। abravīnmadhuraṃ vākyaṃ sāma sarvārthasādhakam ॥8-23-41॥
[प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - from affection; बहुमानात् (bahumānāt) - from respect; च (ca) - and; तम् (tam) - him; निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - restraining; सुतः (sutaḥ) - son; तव (tava) - your; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words; साम (sāma) - conciliatory; सर्वार्थ (sarvārtha) - all purposes; साधकम् (sādhakam) - fulfilling;]
(From affection and respect, restraining him, your son said sweet conciliatory words fulfilling all purposes.)
Out of affection and respect, your son restrained him and spoke sweet and conciliatory words that fulfilled all purposes.
यथा शल्य त्वमात्थेदमेवमेतदसंशयम्। अभिप्रायस्तु मे कश्चित्तं निबोध जनेश्वर ॥८-२३-४२॥
yathā śalya tvamāthedamevametadasaṃśayam। abhiprāyastu me kaścittaṃ nibodha janeśvara ॥8-23-42॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; शल्य (śalya) - Śalya; त्वम् (tvam) - you; आत्थ (āttha) - said; इदम् (idam) - this; एवम् (evam) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - undoubtedly; अभिप्रायः (abhiprāyaḥ) - intention; तु (tu) - but; मे (me) - my; कश्चित् (kaścit) - some; तं (taṃ) - that; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of people;]
(As you, Śalya, said this, it is undoubtedly so. But understand my intention, O lord of people.)
Śalya, as you have stated, this is indeed true without any doubt. However, please understand my specific intention, O lord of the people.
न कर्णोऽभ्यधिकस्त्वत्तः शङ्के नैव कथञ्चन। न हि मद्रेश्वरो राजा कुर्याद्यदनृतं भवेत् ॥८-२३-४३॥
na karṇo'bhyadhikastvattaḥ śaṅke naiva kathañcana। na hi madreśvaro rājā kuryādyad anṛtaṃ bhavet ॥8-23-43॥
[न (na) - not; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - than you; शङ्के (śaṅke) - I doubt; नैव (naiva) - not at all; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; मद्रेश्वरः (madreśvaraḥ) - the king of Madra; राजा (rājā) - king; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do; यत् (yat) - that; अनृतं (anṛtam) - falsehood; भवेत् (bhavet) - would be;]
(I do not doubt that Karna is superior to you in any way. Indeed, the king of Madra would not do anything that would be false.)
I have no doubt that Karna is not superior to you in any way. Indeed, the king of Madra would not commit any falsehood.
ऋतमेव हि पूर्वास्ते वहन्ति पुरुषोत्तमाः। तस्मादार्तायनिः प्रोक्तो भवानिति मतिर्मम ॥८-२३-४४॥
ṛtameva hi pūrvāste vahanti puruṣottamāḥ। tasmādārtāyaniḥ prokto bhavāniti matirmama ॥8-23-44॥
[ऋतम् (ṛtam) - truth; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - for; पूर्वाः (pūrvāḥ) - ancient ones; ते (te) - they; वहन्ति (vahanti) - carry; पुरुषोत्तमाः (puruṣottamāḥ) - the best among men; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; आर्तायनिः (ārtāyaniḥ) - Ārtāyani; प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - is called; भवान् (bhavān) - you; इति (iti) - thus; मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion; मम (mama) - my;]
(Indeed, the ancient ones, the best among men, carry the truth. Therefore, you are called Ārtāyani; thus is my opinion.)
The ancient sages, considered the best among men, indeed uphold the truth. Therefore, you are referred to as Ārtāyani; this is my belief.
शल्यभूतश्च शत्रूणां यस्मात्त्वं भुवि मानद। तस्माच्छल्येति ते नाम कथ्यते पृथिवीपते ॥८-२३-४५॥
śalyabhūtaśca śatrūṇāṃ yasmāttvaṃ bhuvi mānada। tasmācchalye'ti te nāma kathyate pṛthivīpate ॥8-23-45॥
[शल्य (śalya) - thorn; भूत (bhūta) - become; च (ca) - and; शत्रूणां (śatrūṇāṃ) - of enemies; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth; मानद (mānada) - giver of honor; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; शल्य (śalya) - thorn; इति (iti) - thus; ते (te) - your; नाम (nāma) - name; कथ्यते (kathyate) - is called; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth;]
(Because you have become a thorn to your enemies on earth, O giver of honor, therefore your name is called 'Śalya', O lord of the earth.)
Because you have become a thorn to your enemies on earth, O giver of honor, you are therefore called 'Śalya', O lord of the earth.
यदेव व्याहृतं पूर्वं भवता भूरिदक्षिण। तदेव कुरु धर्मज्ञ मदर्थं यद्यदुच्यसे ॥८-२३-४६॥
yadeva vyāhṛtaṃ pūrvaṃ bhavatā bhūridakṣiṇa। tadeva kuru dharmajña madarthaṃ yadyaducyase ॥8-23-46॥
[यत् (yat) - that which; एव (eva) - indeed; व्याहृतम् (vyāhṛtam) - spoken; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; भूरि (bhūri) - much; दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa) - gift; तत् (tat) - that; एव (eva) - indeed; कुरु (kuru) - do; धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - O knower of dharma; मदर्थम् (madartham) - for my sake; यत् (yat) - whatever; यत् (yat) - that which; उच्यसे (ucyase) - you are called;]
(That which was spoken by you before, O generous one, do that indeed, O knower of dharma, for my sake, whatever you are called.)
"O knower of dharma, please do exactly what you have promised before, for my sake, whatever you are known for."
न च त्वत्तो हि राधेयो न चाहमपि वीर्यवान्। वृणीमस्त्वां हयाग्र्याणां यन्तारमिति संयुगे ॥८-२३-४७॥
na ca tvatto hi rādheyo na cāhamapi vīryavān। vṛṇīmastvāṃ hayāgryāṇāṃ yantāramiti saṃyuge ॥8-23-47॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you; हि (hi) - indeed; राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Radheya; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; अपि (api) - also; वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful; वृणीमः (vṛṇīmaḥ) - choose; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; हयाग्र्याणाम् (hayāgryāṇām) - of the best horses; यन्तारम् (yantāram) - charioteer; इति (iti) - thus; संयुगे (saṃyuge) - in battle;]
(Neither Radheya nor I, the powerful one, choose you as the charioteer of the best horses in battle.)
Radheya and I, despite being powerful, do not choose you as the charioteer of the finest horses in the battle.
यथा ह्यभ्यधिकं कर्णं गुणैस्तात धनञ्जयात्। वासुदेवादपि त्वां च लोकोऽयमिति मन्यते ॥८-२३-४८॥
yathā hy abhyadhikaṃ karṇaṃ guṇais tāta dhanañjayāt। vāsudevād api tvāṃ ca loko' yam iti manyate ॥8-23-48॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; हि (hi) - indeed; अभ्यधिकं (abhyadhikaṃ) - superior; कर्णं (karṇaṃ) - Karna; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - in qualities; तात (tāta) - dear; धनञ्जयात् (dhanañjayāt) - than Dhananjaya; वासुदेवात् (vāsudevāt) - than Vasudeva; अपि (api) - also; त्वां (tvāṃ) - you; च (ca) - and; लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world; अयम् (ayam) - this; इति (iti) - thus; मन्यते (manyate) - thinks;]
(As indeed Karna is superior in qualities than Dhananjaya, and you are also than Vasudeva, thus thinks this world.)
The world believes that just as Karna is superior to Dhananjaya in qualities, you are also superior to Vasudeva.
कर्णो ह्यभ्यधिकः पार्थादस्त्रैरेव नरर्षभ। भवानप्यधिकः कृष्णादश्वयाने बले तथा ॥८-२३-४९॥
karṇo hy abhyadhikaḥ pārthād astrair eva nararṣabha। bhavān apy adhikaḥ kṛṣṇād aśvayāne bale tathā ॥8-23-49॥
[कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; हि (hi) - indeed; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; पार्थात् (pārthāt) - than Arjuna; अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - in weapons; एव (eva) - certainly; नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men; भवान् (bhavān) - you; अपि (api) - also; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - superior; कृष्णात् (kṛṣṇāt) - than Krishna; अश्वयाने (aśvayāne) - in chariot; बले (bale) - in strength; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Karna is indeed superior to Arjuna in weapons, O best of men. You are also superior to Krishna in chariot and strength.)
"Karna is indeed superior to Arjuna in terms of weaponry, O best of men. Similarly, you are superior to Krishna in terms of chariot skills and strength."
यथाश्वहृदयं वेद वासुदेवो महामनाः। द्विगुणं त्वं तथा वेत्थ मद्रराज न संशयः ॥८-२३-५०॥
yathāśvahṛdayaṃ veda vāsudevo mahāmanāḥ। dviguṇaṃ tvaṃ tathā vettha madrarāja na saṃśayaḥ ॥8-23-50॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; अश्व (aśva) - horse; हृदयं (hṛdayaṃ) - heart; वेद (veda) - knows; वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vasudeva; महामनाः (mahāmanāḥ) - great-minded; द्विगुणं (dviguṇaṃ) - twice; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; तथा (tathā) - thus; वेत्थ (vettha) - know; मद्रराज (madrarāja) - O King of Madra; न (na) - no; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(As Vasudeva, the great-minded, knows the heart of a horse, so do you know, O King of Madra, twice as much, without doubt.)
Vasudeva, with his great mind, understands the heart of a horse, and you, O King of Madra, understand it twice as well, without any doubt.
शल्य उवाच॥
śalya uvāca॥
[शल्य (śalya) - Śalya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Śalya said:)
Śalya spoke:
यन्मा ब्रवीषि गान्धारे मध्ये सैन्यस्य कौरव। विशिष्टं देवकीपुत्रात्प्रीतिमानस्म्यहं त्वयि ॥८-२३-५१॥
yanmā bravīṣi gāndhāre madhye sainyasya kaurava। viśiṣṭaṃ devakīputrātprītimān asmyahaṃ tvayi ॥8-23-51॥
[यत् (yat) - that; मा (mā) - me; ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say; गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - in Gandhara; मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst; सैन्यस्य (sainyasya) - of the army; कौरव (kaurava) - Kaurava; विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - distinguished; देवकीपुत्रात् (devakīputrāt) - from Devaki's son; प्रीतिमान् (prītimān) - affectionate; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वयि (tvayi) - in you;]
(That which you say to me, O Kaurava, in the midst of the army in Gandhara, distinguished from Devaki's son, I am affectionate towards you.)
O Kaurava, I am affectionate towards you for what you have said to me in the midst of the army in Gandhara, distinguishing yourself from Devaki's son.
एष सारथ्यमातिष्ठे राधेयस्य यशस्विनः। युध्यतः पाण्डवाग्र्येण यथा त्वं वीर मन्यसे ॥८-२३-५२॥
eṣa sārathyamātiṣṭhe rādheyasya yaśasvinaḥ। yudhyataḥ pāṇḍavāgryeṇa yathā tvaṃ vīra manyase ॥8-23-52॥
[एष (eṣa) - this; सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering; आतिष्ठे (ātiṣṭhe) - undertake; राधेयस्य (rādheyasya) - of Radheya; यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - the glorious; युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - fighting; पाण्डवाग्र्येण (pāṇḍavāgryeṇa) - with the foremost of the Pandavas; यथा (yathā) - as; त्वम् (tvam) - you; वीर (vīra) - hero; मन्यसे (manyase) - think;]
(This charioteering of the glorious Radheya, fighting with the foremost of the Pandavas, you, hero, undertake as you think.)
"You, O hero, undertake the charioteering of the glorious Radheya, who is fighting with the foremost of the Pandavas, as you deem fit."
समयश्च हि मे वीर कश्चिद्वैकर्तनं प्रति। उत्सृजेयं यथाश्रद्धमहं वाचोऽस्य संनिधौ ॥८-२३-५३॥
samayaśca hi me vīra kaścidvaikartanaṃ prati। utsṛjeyaṃ yathāśraddhamahaṃ vāco'sya saṃnidhau ॥8-23-53॥
[समयः (samayaḥ) - time; च (ca) - and; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - my; वीर (vīra) - hero; कश्चित् (kaścit) - someone; वैकर्तनं (vaikartanaṃ) - to Karna; प्रति (prati) - towards; उत्सृजेयम् (utsṛjeyam) - I would release; यथा (yathā) - as; श्रद्धम् (śraddham) - faith; अहम् (aham) - I; वाचः (vācaḥ) - words; अस्य (asya) - his; संनिधौ (saṃnidhau) - in the presence;]
(Indeed, my hero, there is a time towards Karna; I would release words of faith in his presence.)
Indeed, my hero, there is a moment when I would speak words of faith towards Karna in his presence.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
तथेति राजन्पुत्रस्ते सह कर्णेन भारत। अब्रवीन्मद्रराजस्य सुतं भरतसत्तम ॥८-२३-५४॥
tatheti rājanputraste saha karṇena bhārata। abravīn madrarājasya sutaṃ bharatasattama ॥8-23-54॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; इति (iti) - so; राजन् (rājan) - O king; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; ते (te) - your; सह (saha) - with; कर्णेन (karṇena) - Karna; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; मद्रराजस्य (madrarājasya) - of the king of Madra; सुतं (sutaṃ) - son; भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(Thus, O king, your son, along with Karna, said to the son of the king of Madra, O best of the Bharatas.)
Thus, O King, your son, accompanied by Karna, addressed the son of the King of Madra, O esteemed Bharata.
