08.022
Core and Pancharatra: Karna gives lame excuses for his not having encountered Arjuna till date. Then he compares the strengths and weaknesses between him and Arjuna and recommends his chariot to be driven by Shalya, to become superior in comparison to Arjuna.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra said:
स्वेन च्छन्देन नः सर्वान्नावधीद्व्यक्तमर्जुनः। न ह्यस्य समरे मुच्येतान्तकोऽप्याततायिनः ॥८-२२-१॥
svena cchandena naḥ sarvān nāvadhīd vyaktam arjunaḥ। na hy asya samare mucyetāntako'py ātatāyinaḥ ॥8-22-1॥
[स्वेन (svena) - by his own; च्छन्देन (cchandena) - will; नः (naḥ) - us; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; न (na) - not; अवधीद् (avadhīd) - killed; व्यक्तम् (vyaktam) - clearly; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्य (asya) - his; समरे (samare) - in battle; मुच्येत (mucyeta) - would escape; अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - death; अपि (api) - even; आततायिनः (ātatāyinaḥ) - aggressor;]
(By his own will, Arjuna clearly did not kill us all. Indeed, in battle, not even death would escape the aggressor.)
Arjuna, by his own will, did not kill us all. In battle, not even death would spare the aggressor.
पार्थो ह्येकोऽहरद्भद्रामेकश्चाग्निमतर्पयत्। एकश्चेमां महीं जित्वा चक्रे बलिभृतो नृपान् ॥८-२२-२॥
pārtho hyeko'haradbhadrāmekaścāgnimatarpayat। ekaścemāṃ mahīṃ jitvā cakre balibhṛto nṛpān ॥8-22-2॥
[पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna; हि (hi) - indeed; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; अहरत् (aharat) - took away; भद्राम् (bhadrām) - auspicious; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; च (ca) - and; अग्निम् (agnim) - fire; अतर्पयत् (atarpayat) - satisfied; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; च (ca) - and; इमाम् (imām) - this; महीम् (mahīm) - earth; जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; चक्रे (cakre) - made; बलिभृतः (balibhṛtaḥ) - tribute-paying; नृपान् (nṛpān) - kings;]
(Arjuna indeed, one took away the auspicious one, and one satisfied the fire. And one, having conquered this earth, made the kings pay tribute.)
Arjuna, indeed, was the one who took away the auspicious one, satisfied the fire, and having conquered this earth, made the kings pay tribute.
एको निवातकवचानवधीद्दिव्यकार्मुकः। एकः किरातरूपेण स्थितं शर्वमयोधयत् ॥८-२२-३॥
eko nivātakavacānavadhīdivyakārmukaḥ। ekaḥ kirātarūpeṇa sthitaṃ śarvamayodhayat ॥8-22-3॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; निवातकवचान् (nivātakavacān) - Nivātakavacas; अवधीद् (avadhīd) - killed; दिव्य (divya) - divine; कार्मुकः (kārmukaḥ) - bow; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; किरातरूपेण (kirātarūpeṇa) - in the form of a hunter; स्थितं (sthitaṃ) - standing; शर्वम् (śarvam) - Shiva; अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - fought;]
(One killed the Nivātakavacas with a divine bow. One fought Shiva standing in the form of a hunter.)
One, with a divine bow, killed the Nivātakavacas. Another, in the guise of a hunter, fought against Shiva.
एकोऽभ्यरक्षद्भरतानेको भवमतोषयत्। तेनैकेन जिताः सर्वे मदीया उग्रतेजसः ॥ ते न निन्द्याः प्रशस्याश्च यत्ते चक्रुर्ब्रवीहि तत् ॥८-२२-४॥
eko'bhyarakṣadbharatāneko bhavamatoṣayat। tenaikena jitāḥ sarve madīyā ugratejasaḥ ॥ te na nindyāḥ praśasyāśca yatte cakrurbravīhi tat ॥8-22-4॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; अभ्यरक्षत् (abhyarakṣat) - protected; भरतान् (bharatān) - the Bharatas; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; भवम् (bhavam) - the world; अतोषयत् (atoṣayat) - pleased; तेन (tena) - by him; एकेन (ekena) - one; जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered; सर्वे (sarve) - all; मदीयाः (madīyāḥ) - my; उग्रतेजसः (ugratejasaḥ) - of fierce energy; ते (te) - they; न (na) - not; निन्द्याः (nindyāḥ) - to be blamed; प्रशस्याः (praśasyāḥ) - praiseworthy; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - what; ते (te) - they; चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - did; ब्रवीहि (bravīhi) - tell; तत् (tat) - that;]
(One protected the Bharatas, one pleased the world. By him alone, all my fierce ones were conquered. They are not to be blamed, they are praiseworthy. Tell what they did.)
One protected the Bharatas and pleased the world. By him alone, all my fierce warriors were conquered. They are not to be blamed; they are praiseworthy. Tell me what they did.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
हतप्रहतविध्वस्ता विवर्मायुधवाहनाः। दीनस्वरा दूयमाना मानिनः शत्रुभिर्जिताः ॥८-२२-५॥
hataprahatavidhvastā vivarmāyudhavāhanāḥ। dīnasvarā dūyamānā māninaḥ śatrubhirjitāḥ ॥8-22-5॥
[हत (hata) - killed; प्रहत (prahat) - struck down; विध्वस्ता (vidhvastā) - destroyed; विवर्म (vivarma) - without armor; आयुध (āyudha) - weapons; वाहनाः (vāhanāḥ) - vehicles; दीनस्वरा (dīnasvarā) - with faint voices; दूयमाना (dūyamānā) - distressed; मानिनः (māninaḥ) - proud ones; शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies; जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered;]
(Killed, struck down, destroyed, without armor, weapons, vehicles, with faint voices, distressed, the proud ones were conquered by enemies.)
The proud warriors, having been killed, struck down, and destroyed, were left without armor, weapons, or vehicles. They were distressed and with faint voices, having been conquered by their enemies.
शिबिरस्थाः पुनर्मन्त्रं मन्त्रयन्ति स्म कौरवाः। भग्नदंष्ट्रा हतविषाः पदाक्रान्ता इवोरगाः ॥८-२२-६॥
śibirasthāḥ punarmantraṃ mantrayanti sma kauravāḥ। bhagnadaṃṣṭrā hataviṣāḥ padākrāntā ivoragāḥ ॥8-22-6॥
[शिबिरस्थाः (śibirasthāḥ) - camp-dwellers; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; मन्त्रं (mantraṃ) - counsel; मन्त्रयन्ति (mantrayanti) - deliberate; स्म (sma) - indeed; कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - Kauravas; भग्नदंष्ट्राः (bhagnadaṃṣṭrāḥ) - broken-fanged; हतविषाः (hataviṣāḥ) - poison-removed; पदाक्रान्ताः (padākrāntāḥ) - trampled; इव (iva) - like; उरगाः (uragāḥ) - serpents;]
(The camp-dwellers, the Kauravas, indeed deliberate again on counsel, like serpents with broken fangs, poison removed, and trampled.)
The Kauravas in the camp were once again deliberating on their strategy, feeling as helpless as serpents with broken fangs, devoid of poison, and trampled upon.
तानब्रवीत्ततः कर्णः क्रुद्धः सर्प इव श्वसन्। करं करेणाभिपीड्य प्रेक्षमाणस्तवात्मजम् ॥८-२२-७॥
tān abravīt tataḥ karṇaḥ kruddhaḥ sarpa iva śvasan। karaṃ kareṇābhipīḍya prekṣamāṇas tavātmajam ॥8-22-7॥
[तान् (tān) - them; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; ततः (tataḥ) - then; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake; इव (iva) - like; श्वसन् (śvasan) - breathing; करम् (karam) - hand; करेण (kareṇa) - with hand; अभिपीड्य (abhipīḍya) - pressing; प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - looking; तव (tava) - your; आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - son;]
(Then Karna, angry like a snake breathing, said to them, pressing his hand with his hand, looking at your son.)
Then Karna, furious and breathing like a snake, spoke to them while pressing his hand with his own, as he looked at your son.
यत्तो दृढश्च दक्षश्च धृतिमानर्जुनः सदा। स बोधयति चाप्येनं प्राप्तकालमधोक्षजः ॥८-२२-८॥
yatto dṛḍhaśca dakṣaśca dhṛtimānarjunaḥ sadā। sa bodhayati cāpyenaṃ prāptakālamadhokṣajaḥ ॥8-22-8॥
[यत्तः (yattaḥ) - controlled; दृढः (dṛḍhaḥ) - firm; च (ca) - and; दक्षः (dakṣaḥ) - skillful; च (ca) - and; धृतिमान् (dhṛtimān) - steadfast; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; सदा (sadā) - always; सः (saḥ) - he; बोधयति (bodhayati) - enlightens; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; एनम् (enam) - him; प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - the right time; अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - the transcendental Lord;]
(Arjuna, who is controlled, firm, skillful, and steadfast, always enlightens him, and the transcendental Lord also at the right time.)
Arjuna, being controlled, firm, skillful, and steadfast, always enlightens him, and the transcendental Lord also guides him at the right time.
सहसास्त्रविसर्गेण वयं तेनाद्य वञ्चिताः। श्वस्त्वहं तस्य सङ्कल्पं सर्वं हन्ता महीपते ॥८-२२-९॥
sahasāstravisargeṇa vayaṃ tenādya vañcitāḥ। śvastvahaṃ tasya saṅkalpaṃ sarvaṃ hantā mahīpate ॥8-22-9॥
[सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; अस्त्र (astra) - weapon; विसर्गेण (visargeṇa) - by release; वयम् (vayam) - we; तेन (tena) - by him; अद्य (adya) - today; वञ्चिताः (vañcitāḥ) - deceived; श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow; तु (tu) - but; अहम् (aham) - I; तस्य (tasya) - his; सङ्कल्पम् (saṅkalpam) - plan; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; हन्ता (hantā) - destroyer; महीपते (mahīpate) - O king;]
(Suddenly, by the release of the weapon, we are deceived by him today. But tomorrow, O king, I will destroy all his plans.)
"Suddenly, we have been deceived by the release of the weapon today by him. But tomorrow, O king, I shall destroy all his plans."
एवमुक्तस्तथेत्युक्त्वा सोऽनुजज्ञे नृपोत्तमान्। सुखोषितास्ते रजनीं हृष्टा युद्धाय निर्ययुः ॥८-२२-१०॥
evamuktastathetyuktvā so'nujajñe nṛpottamān। sukhoṣitāste rajanīṃ hṛṣṭā yuddhāya niryayuḥ ॥8-22-10॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; तथा (tathā) - so; इति (iti) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; सः (saḥ) - he; अनुजज्ञे (anujajñe) - agreed; नृपोत्तमान् (nṛpottamān) - the best of kings; सुखोषिताः (sukhoṣitāḥ) - having rested well; ते (te) - they; रजनीम् (rajanīm) - night; हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful; युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle; निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - set out;]
(Thus spoken, having said so, he agreed with the best of kings. Having rested well, they joyfully set out for battle after the night.)
After being addressed in this way, he agreed with the best of kings. They rested well and joyfully set out for battle after the night.
तेऽपश्यन्विहितं व्यूहं धर्मराजेन दुर्जयम्। प्रयत्नात्कुरुमुख्येन बृहस्पत्युशनोमतात् ॥८-२२-११॥
te'paśyanvihitaṃ vyūhaṃ dharmarājena durjayam। prayatnātkurumukhyena bṛhaspatyuśanomātāt ॥8-22-11॥
[ते (te) - they; अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - saw; विहितं (vihitaṃ) - arranged; व्यूहं (vyūhaṃ) - formation; धर्मराजेन (dharmarājena) - by Dharmaraja; दुर्जयम् (durjayam) - invincible; प्रयत्नात् (prayatnāt) - with effort; कुरुमुख्येन (kurumukhyena) - by the chief of the Kurus; बृहस्पत्युशनोमतात् (bṛhaspatyuśanomātāt) - according to the counsel of Brihaspati and Ushanas;]
(They saw the invincible formation arranged by Dharmaraja with effort by the chief of the Kurus according to the counsel of Brihaspati and Ushanas.)
They observed the formidable formation set by Dharmaraja, which was difficult to conquer, meticulously organized by the leader of the Kurus following the guidance of Brihaspati and Ushanas.
अथ प्रतीपकर्तारं सततं विजितात्मनाम्। सस्मार वृषभस्कन्धं कर्णं दुर्योधनस्तदा ॥८-२२-१२॥
atha pratīpakartāraṃ satataṃ vijitātmanām। sasmāra vṛṣabhaskandhaṃ karṇaṃ duryodhanastadā ॥8-22-12॥
[अथ (atha) - then; प्रतीपकर्तारं (pratīpakartāraṃ) - opponent-maker; सततं (satataṃ) - constantly; विजितात्मनाम् (vijitātmanām) - of the self-controlled; सस्मार (sasmāra) - remembered; वृषभस्कन्धं (vṛṣabhaskandhaṃ) - bull-shouldered; कर्णं (karṇaṃ) - Karna; दुर्योधनस्तदा (duryodhanastadā) - Duryodhana then;]
(Then Duryodhana, the opponent-maker, constantly remembered Karna, the bull-shouldered, of the self-controlled.)
At that time, Duryodhana, who was always self-controlled, remembered Karna, who was strong like a bull and his opponent-maker.
पुरंदरसमं युद्धे मरुद्गणसमं बले। कार्तवीर्यसमं वीर्ये कर्णं राज्ञोऽगमन्मनः ॥ सूतपुत्रं महेष्वासं बन्धुमात्ययिकेष्विव ॥८-२२-१३॥
puraṁdarasamaṁ yuddhe marudgaṇasamaṁ bale। kārtavīryasamaṁ vīrye karṇaṁ rājño'gamannmanaḥ ॥ sūtaputraṁ maheṣvāsaṁ bandhumātyayikeṣviva ॥8-22-13॥
[पुरंदरसमं (puraṁdarasamaṁ) - like Purandara; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; मरुद्गणसमं (marudgaṇasamaṁ) - like the Maruts; बले (bale) - in strength; कार्तवीर्यसमं (kārtavīryasamaṁ) - like Kartavirya; वीर्ये (vīrye) - in valor; कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karna; राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; अगमन्मनः (agamannmanaḥ) - the mind went; सूतपुत्रं (sūtaputraṁ) - son of a charioteer; महेष्वासं (maheṣvāsaṁ) - great archer; बन्धुमात्ययिकेष्विव (bandhumātyayikeṣviva) - like a relative in calamities;]
(In battle, like Purandara; in strength, like the Maruts; in valor, like Kartavirya; the king's mind went to Karna, the son of a charioteer, a great archer, like a relative in calamities.)
In the battle, the king's mind turned to Karna, who was as formidable as Purandara in battle, as strong as the Maruts, and as valiant as Kartavirya. Karna, the son of a charioteer and a great archer, was seen as a reliable ally in times of crisis.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra said:
यद्वोऽगमन्मनो मन्दाः कर्णं वैकर्तनं तदा। अप्यद्राक्षत तं यूयं शीतार्ता इव भास्करम् ॥८-२२-१४॥
yadvo'gamannano mandāḥ karṇaṃ vaikartanaṃ tadā। apyadrākṣata taṃ yūyaṃ śītārtā iva bhāskaram ॥8-22-14॥
[यत् (yat) - when; वः (vaḥ) - your; अगमत् (agamat) - went; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - slow; कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna; वैकर्तनम् (vaikartanam) - son of Vikartana; तदा (tadā) - then; अपि (api) - also; अद्राक्षत (adrākṣata) - saw; तम् (tam) - him; यूयम् (yūyam) - you; शीतार्ताः (śītārtāḥ) - afflicted by cold; इव (iva) - like; भास्करम् (bhāskaram) - the sun;]
(When your slow mind went to Karna, the son of Vikartana, then you also saw him like the sun afflicted by cold.)
When your slow mind turned to Karna, the son of Vikartana, you saw him as if he were the sun, afflicted by cold.
कृतेऽवहारे सैन्यानां प्रवृत्ते च रणे पुनः। कथं वैकर्तनः कर्णस्तत्रायुध्यत सञ्जय ॥ कथं च पाण्डवाः सर्वे युयुधुस्तत्र सूतजम् ॥८-२२-१५॥
kṛte'vahāre sainyānāṃ pravṛtte ca raṇe punaḥ। kathaṃ vaikartanaḥ karṇastatrāyudhyata sañjaya ॥ kathaṃ ca pāṇḍavāḥ sarve yuyudhustatra sūtajam ॥8-22-15॥
[कृते (kṛte) - when done; अवहारे (avahāre) - in the withdrawal; सैन्यानां (sainyānāṃ) - of the armies; प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - engaged; च (ca) - and; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Vaikartana; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; तत्र (tatra) - there; अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - fought; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; च (ca) - and; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pandavas; सर्वे (sarve) - all; युयुधुः (yuyudhuḥ) - fought; तत्र (tatra) - there; सूतजम् (sūtajam) - with the son of the charioteer;]
(When the withdrawal of the armies was done and the battle was engaged again, how did Vaikartana Karna fight there, Sanjaya? And how did all the Pandavas fight there with the son of the charioteer?)
When the armies withdrew and the battle resumed, how did Karna, the son of Vikartana, fight there, O Sanjaya? And how did all the Pandavas engage in battle with the son of the charioteer?
कर्णो ह्येको महाबाहुर्हन्यात्पार्थान्ससोमकान्। कर्णस्य भुजयोर्वीर्यं शक्रविष्णुसमं मतम् ॥ तथास्त्राणि सुघोराणि विक्रमश्च महात्मनः ॥८-२२-१६॥
karṇo hyeko mahābāhur hanyāt pārthān sasomakān। karṇasya bhujayor vīryaṃ śakravīṣṇusamaṃ matam ॥ tathāstrāṇi sughorāṇi vikramaśca mahātmanaḥ ॥8-22-16॥
[कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; हि (hi) - indeed; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - could slay; पार्थान् (pārthān) - sons of Pritha; ससोमकान् (sasomakān) - along with Somakas; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; भुजयोः (bhujayoḥ) - of the arms; वीर्यं (vīryaṃ) - strength; शक्रविष्णुसमं (śakravīṣṇusamaṃ) - equal to Indra and Vishnu; मतम् (matam) - is considered; तथा (tathā) - also; अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons; सुघोराणि (sughorāṇi) - very fierce; विक्रमः (vikramaḥ) - prowess; च (ca) - and; महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great soul;]
(Karna, indeed, the mighty-armed one, could slay the sons of Pritha along with the Somakas. The strength of Karna's arms is considered equal to Indra and Vishnu. Also, his weapons are very fierce, and his prowess is of the great soul.)
Karna, the mighty warrior, is believed to have the strength and prowess comparable to the gods Indra and Vishnu. He could defeat the Pandavas and the Somakas with his fierce weapons and great valor.
दुर्योधनं तदा दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवेन भृशार्दितम्। पराक्रान्तान्पाण्डुसुतान्दृष्ट्वा चापि महाहवे ॥८-२२-१७॥
duryodhanaṁ tadā dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavena bhṛśārditam। parākrāntānpāṇḍusutāndṛṣṭvā cāpi mahāhave ॥8-22-17॥
[दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana; तदा (tadā) - then; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Pandava; भृशार्दितम् (bhṛśārditam) - greatly afflicted; पराक्रान्तान् (parākrāntān) - valiant; पाण्डुसुतान् (pāṇḍusutān) - sons of Pandu; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle;]
(Then, having seen Duryodhana greatly afflicted by Pandava, and having seen the valiant sons of Pandu also in the great battle.)
Then, seeing Duryodhana greatly troubled by the Pandava, and observing the valiant sons of Pandu in the great battle as well.
कर्णमाश्रित्य सङ्ग्रामे दर्पो दुर्योधने पुनः। जेतुमुत्सहते पार्थान्सपुत्रान्सहकेशवान् ॥८-२२-१८॥
karṇamāśritya saṅgrāme darpo duryodhane punaḥ। jetumutsahate pārthānsaputrānsahakeśavān ॥8-22-18॥
[कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna; आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying on; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; दर्पः (darpaḥ) - pride; दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - in Duryodhana; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; जेतुम् (jetum) - to conquer; उत्सहते (utsahate) - endeavors; पार्थान् (pārthān) - the sons of Pritha; सपुत्रान् (saputrān) - with sons; सह (saha) - with; केशवान् (keśavān) - Krishna;]
(Relying on Karna, pride in Duryodhana again endeavors to conquer the sons of Pritha with their sons and Krishna.)
Relying on Karna, Duryodhana's pride once more drives him to attempt to defeat the sons of Pritha, along with their sons and Krishna.
अहो बत महद्दुःखं यत्र पाण्डुसुतान्रणे। नातरद्रभसः कर्णो दैवं नूनं परायणम् ॥
aho bata mahadduḥkhaṃ yatra pāṇḍusutānraṇe। nātaradrabhasaḥ karṇo daivaṃ nūnaṃ parāyaṇam॥
[अहो (aho) - alas; बत (bata) - indeed; महद्दुःखं (mahadduḥkhaṃ) - great sorrow; यत्र (yatra) - where; पाण्डुसुतान् (pāṇḍusutān) - sons of Pandu; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; न (na) - not; अतरद्रभसः (ataradrabhasaḥ) - overcome with impetuosity; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; दैवं (daivam) - fate; नूनं (nūnaṃ) - certainly; परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - the refuge;]
(Alas, indeed, great sorrow where the sons of Pandu in battle; not overcome with impetuosity Karna, fate certainly the refuge.)
"Alas, what great sorrow it is that Karna, in the battle where the sons of Pandu fought, did not act with impetuosity. Fate is certainly the refuge."
अहो दुःखानि तीव्राणि दुर्योधनकृतान्यहम्। सहिष्यामि सुघोराणि शल्यभूतानि सञ्जय ॥८-२२-२०॥
aho duḥkhāni tīvrāṇi duryodhanakṛtānyaham। sahiṣyāmi sughorāṇi śalyabhūtāni sañjaya ॥8-22-20॥
[अहो (aho) - alas; दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows; तीव्राणि (tīvrāṇi) - intense; दुर्योधनकृतानि (duryodhanakṛtāni) - caused by Duryodhana; अहम् (aham) - I; सहिष्यामि (sahiṣyāmi) - will endure; सुघोराणि (sughorāṇi) - very terrible; शल्यभूतानि (śalyabhūtāni) - like thorns; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(Alas, I will endure the intense sorrows caused by Duryodhana, which are very terrible and like thorns, O Sanjaya.)
"Alas, the intense sorrows caused by Duryodhana are like thorns, and I must endure them, O Sanjaya."
सौबलं च तथा तात नीतिमानिति मन्यते। युद्धेषु नाम दिव्येषु वर्तमानेषु सञ्जय। अश्रौषं निहतान्पुत्रान्नित्यमेव च निर्जितान् ॥८-२२-२२॥
saubalaṁ ca tathā tāta nītimāniti manyate। yuddheṣu nāma divyeṣu vartamāneṣu sañjaya। aśrauṣaṁ nihatānputrānnityameva ca nirjitān ॥8-22-22॥
[सौबलम् (saubalam) - of Saubala; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - thus; तात (tāta) - O father; नीतिमान् (nītimān) - wise; इति (iti) - thus; मन्यते (manyate) - thinks; युद्धेषु (yuddheṣu) - in battles; नाम (nāma) - indeed; दिव्येषु (divyeṣu) - divine; वर्तमानेषु (vartamāneṣu) - ongoing; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard; निहतान् (nihatān) - slain; पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; निर्जितान् (nirjitān) - defeated;]
(Saubala and thus, O father, is considered wise. Indeed, in the ongoing divine battles, Sanjaya, I heard the sons were slain and always defeated.)
O father, Saubala is considered wise. In the ongoing divine battles, Sanjaya, I heard that the sons were always slain and defeated.
न पाण्डवानां समरे कश्चिदस्ति निवारकः। स्त्रीमध्यमिव गाहन्ति दैवं हि बलवत्तरम् ॥८-२२-२३॥
na pāṇḍavānāṃ samare kaścidasti nivārakaḥ। strīmadhyamiva gāhanti daivaṃ hi balavattaram ॥8-22-23॥
[न (na) - not; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas; समरे (samare) - in battle; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; अस्ति (asti) - is; निवारकः (nivārakaḥ) - preventer; स्त्री (strī) - woman; मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle; इव (iva) - like; गाहन्ति (gāhanti) - enter; दैवम् (daivam) - fate; हि (hi) - indeed; बलवत्तरम् (balavattaram) - stronger;]
(There is no one to prevent the Pandavas in battle; like entering the middle of a woman, fate indeed is stronger.)
No one can stop the Pandavas in battle; fate is indeed stronger, like entering the midst of a woman.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
अतिक्रान्तं हि यत्कार्यं पश्चाच्चिन्तयतीति च। तच्चास्य न भवेत्कार्यं चिन्तया च विनश्यति ॥८-२२-२४॥
atikrāntaṃ hi yatkāryaṃ paścāccintayatīti ca। taccāsya na bhavetkāryaṃ cintayā ca vinaśyati ॥8-22-24॥
[अतिक्रान्तं (atikrāntaṃ) - past; हि (hi) - indeed; यत् (yat) - which; कार्यं (kāryaṃ) - task; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; चिन्तयति (cintayati) - thinks; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - his; न (na) - not; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; कार्यं (kāryaṃ) - task; चिन्तया (cintayā) - by thinking; च (ca) - and; विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes;]
(Indeed, the task which is thought of afterwards is past; and that task does not become his and perishes by thinking.)
Indeed, any task that is considered only after it is past does not become his and perishes through mere contemplation.
तदिदं तव कार्यं तु दूरप्राप्तं विजानता। न कृतं यत्त्वया पूर्वं प्राप्ताप्राप्तविचारणे ॥८-२२-२५॥
tadidaṁ tava kāryaṁ tu dūraprāptaṁ vijānatā। na kṛtaṁ yattvayā pūrvaṁ prāptāprāptavicāraṇe ॥8-22-25॥
[तत् (tat) - that; इदं (idaṁ) - this; तव (tava) - your; कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty; तु (tu) - but; दूरप्राप्तं (dūraprāptaṁ) - far-reaching; विजानता (vijānatā) - by the one who knows; न (na) - not; कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - done; यत् (yat) - which; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - before; प्राप्त (prāpta) - attained; अप्राप्त (aprāpta) - unattained; विचारणे (vicāraṇe) - in consideration;]
(That this duty of yours, though far-reaching, was not done by you before in the consideration of attained and unattained.)
This duty of yours, though far-reaching and known, was not performed by you earlier when considering what has been attained and what has not.
उक्तोऽसि बहुधा राजन्मा युध्यस्वेति पाण्डवैः। गृह्णीषे न च तन्मोहात्पाण्डवेषु विशां पते ॥८-२२-२६॥
ukto'si bahudhā rājan mā yudhyasveti pāṇḍavaiḥ। gṛhṇīṣe na ca tanmohāt pāṇḍaveṣu viśāṃ pate ॥8-22-26॥
[उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; असि (asi) - you are; बहुधा (bahudhā) - many times; राजन् (rājan) - O king; मा (mā) - do not; युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight; इति (iti) - thus; पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas; गृह्णीषे (gṛhṇīṣe) - you accept; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तत् (tat) - that; मोहात् (mohāt) - due to delusion; पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - in the Pandavas; विशाम् (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord;]
(You have been told many times, O king, "Do not fight," by the Pandavas. You do not accept that due to delusion, O lord of the people, in the Pandavas.)
O king, you have been repeatedly advised by the Pandavas not to engage in battle. However, due to your delusion, you do not heed this advice, O lord of the people.
त्वया पापानि घोराणि समाचीर्णानि पाण्डुषु। त्वत्कृते वर्तते घोरः पार्थिवानां जनक्षयः ॥८-२२-२७॥
tvayā pāpāni ghorāṇi samācīrṇāni pāṇḍuṣu। tvatkṛte vartate ghoraḥ pārthivānāṃ janakṣayaḥ ॥8-22-27॥
[त्वया (tvayā) - by you; पापानि (pāpāni) - sins; घोराणि (ghorāṇi) - terrible; समाचीर्णानि (samācīrṇāni) - committed; पाण्डुषु (pāṇḍuṣu) - among the Pandavas; त्वत्कृते (tvatkṛte) - because of you; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; घोरः (ghoraḥ) - terrible; पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of the kings; जनक्षयः (janakṣayaḥ) - destruction of people;]
(By you, terrible sins have been committed among the Pandavas. Because of you, there exists a terrible destruction of people among the kings.)
You have committed terrible sins among the Pandavas, and because of you, there is a dreadful destruction of people among the kings.
तत्त्विदानीमतिक्रम्य मा शुचो भरतर्षभ। शृणु सर्वं यथावृत्तं घोरं वैशसमच्युत ॥८-२२-२८॥
tattvidānīmatikramya mā śuco bharatarṣabha। śṛṇu sarvaṃ yathāvṛttaṃ ghoraṃ vaiśasamacyuta ॥8-22-28॥
[तत्त्विदानीम् (tattvidānīm) - at that time; अतिक्रम्य (atikramya) - transgressing; मा (mā) - do not; शुचः (śucaḥ) - grieve; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened; घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible; वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - calamity; अच्युत (acyuta) - O infallible one;]
(At that time, transgressing, do not grieve, O best of the Bharatas. Hear all as it happened, the terrible calamity, O infallible one.)
At that time, do not grieve, O best of the Bharatas, for having transgressed. Listen to everything as it happened, the terrible calamity, O infallible one.
प्रभातायां रजन्यां तु कर्णो राजानमभ्ययात्। समेत्य च महाबाहुर्दुर्योधनमभाषत ॥८-२२-२९॥
prabhātāyāṃ rajanyāṃ tu karṇo rājānamabhyayāt। sametya ca mahābāhurduryodhanamabhāṣata ॥8-22-29॥
[प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - in the morning; रजन्याम् (rajanyām) - at night; तु (tu) - but; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa; राजानम् (rājānam) - the king; अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - approached; समेत्य (sametya) - having met; च (ca) - and; महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed; दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana; अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke;]
(In the morning, but at night, Karṇa approached the king. Having met, the mighty-armed spoke to Duryodhana.)
In the morning, Karṇa approached the king and spoke to Duryodhana, the mighty-armed, after meeting him.
अद्य राजन्समेष्यामि पाण्डवेन यशस्विना। हनिष्यामि च तं वीरं स वा मां निहनिष्यति ॥८-२२-३०॥
adya rājansameṣyāmi pāṇḍavena yaśasvinā। haniṣyāmi ca taṃ vīraṃ sa vā māṃ nihaniṣyati ॥8-22-30॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; राजन् (rājan) - O king; समेष्यामि (sameṣyāmi) - I will meet; पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - with the Pandava; यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - glorious; हनिष्यामि (haniṣyāmi) - I will slay; च (ca) - and; तं (taṃ) - that; वीरं (vīraṃ) - hero; स (sa) - he; वा (vā) - or; मां (māṃ) - me; निहनिष्यति (nihaniṣyati) - will slay;]
(Today, O king, I will meet with the glorious Pandava. I will slay that hero, or he will slay me.)
Today, O king, I shall confront the illustrious Pandava. Either I will defeat that hero, or he will defeat me.
बहुत्वान्मम कार्याणां तथा पार्थस्य पार्थिव। नाभूत्समागमो राजन्मम चैवार्जुनस्य च ॥८-२२-३१॥
bahutvān mama kāryāṇāṃ tathā pārthasya pārthiva। nābhūt samāgamo rājan mama ca eva arjunasya ca ॥8-22-31॥
[बहुत्वात् (bahutvāt) - due to the multitude; मम (mama) - my; कार्याणाम् (kāryāṇām) - of tasks; तथा (tathā) - and; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Arjuna; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king; न (na) - not; अभूत् (abhūt) - happened; समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - meeting; राजन् (rājan) - O king; मम (mama) - my; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; च (ca) - and;]
(Due to the multitude of my tasks and those of Arjuna, O king, there was no meeting between me and Arjuna, O king.)
O King, because of the numerous tasks of both myself and Arjuna, there was no opportunity for us to meet.
इदं तु मे यथाप्रज्ञं शृणु वाक्यं विशां पते। अनिहत्य रणे पार्थं नाहमेष्यामि भारत ॥८-२२-३२॥
idaṃ tu me yathāprajñaṃ śṛṇu vākyaṃ viśāṃ pate। anihatya raṇe pārthaṃ nāhameṣyāmi bhārata ॥8-22-32॥
[इदं (idaṃ) - this; तु (tu) - but; मे (me) - my; यथाप्रज्ञं (yathāprajñaṃ) - as per understanding; शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - words; विशां (viśāṃ) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; अनिहत्य (anihatya) - without killing; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; पार्थं (pārthaṃ) - Arjuna; न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; एष्यामि (eṣyāmi) - will return; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata;]
(But listen to my words as per understanding, O lord of the people. Without killing Arjuna in battle, I will not return, O Bharata.)
"Listen to my words, O lord of the people. I will not return without defeating Arjuna in battle, O Bharata."
हतप्रवीरे सैन्येऽस्मिन्मयि चैव स्थिते युधि। अभियास्यति मां पार्थः शक्रशक्त्या विनाकृतम् ॥८-२२-३३॥
hatapravīre sainye'sminmayi caiva sthite yudhi। abhi yāsyati māṃ pārthaḥ śakraśaktyā vinākṛtam ॥8-22-33॥
[हतप्रवीरे (hatapravīre) - with the slain heroes; सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army; अस्मिन (asmin) - in this; मयि (mayi) - in me; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; स्थिते (sthite) - standing; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; अभियास्यति (abhi yāsyati) - will attack; मां (māṃ) - me; पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna; शक्रशक्त्या (śakraśaktyā) - with Indra's power; विनाकृतम् (vinākṛtam) - deprived.;]
(With the slain heroes in the army, and with me standing in battle, Arjuna will attack me, deprived of Indra's power.)
With the heroes slain in the army and me standing in battle, Arjuna, empowered by Indra, will attack me.
ततः श्रेयस्करं यत्ते तन्निबोध जनेश्वर। आयुधानां च यद्वीर्यं द्रव्याणामर्जुनस्य च ॥८-२२-३४॥
tataḥ śreyaskaraṃ yatte tannibodha janeśvara। āyudhānāṃ ca yadvīryaṃ dravyāṇāmarjunasya ca ॥8-22-34॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; श्रेयस्करं (śreyaskaraṃ) - auspicious; यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - to you; तत् (tat) - that; निबोध (nibodha) - understand; जनेश्वर (janeśvara) - O lord of people; आयुधानाम् (āyudhānām) - of weapons; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - which; वीर्यं (vīryaṃ) - strength; द्रव्याणाम् (dravyāṇām) - of substances; अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; च (ca) - and;]
(Then, O lord of people, understand that which is auspicious to you, and the strength of weapons and substances of Arjuna.)
Then, O lord of people, understand what is beneficial for you, and the strength of Arjuna's weapons and resources.
कायस्य महतो भेदे लाघवे दूरपातने। सौष्ठवे चास्त्रयोगे च सव्यसाची न मत्समः ॥८-२२-३५॥
kāyasya mahato bhede lāghave dūrapātane। sauṣṭhave cāstrayoge ca savyasācī na matsamaḥ ॥8-22-35॥
[कायस्य (kāyasya) - of the body; महतः (mahataḥ) - great; भेदे (bhede) - in breaking; लाघवे (lāghave) - in lightness; दूरपातने (dūrapātane) - in shooting far; सौष्ठवे (sauṣṭhave) - in skill; च (ca) - and; अस्त्रयोगे (astrayoge) - in the use of weapons; च (ca) - and; सव्यसाची (savyasācī) - Arjuna; न (na) - not; मत्समः (matsamaḥ) - equal to me;]
(In the breaking of the great body, in lightness, in shooting far, in skill, and in the use of weapons, there is no one equal to me like Arjuna.)
In the breaking of great bodies, lightness, shooting far, skill, and weaponry, there is no one like Arjuna who is equal to me.
सर्वायुधमहामात्रं विजयं नाम तद्धनुः। इन्द्रार्थमभिकामेन निर्मितं विश्वकर्मणा ॥८-२२-३६॥
sarvāyudhamahāmātraṃ vijayaṃ nāma taddhanuḥ। indrārthamabhikāmena nirmitaṃ viśvakarmaṇā ॥8-22-36॥
[सर्व (sarva) - all; आयुध (āyudha) - weapons; महामात्रं (mahāmātraṃ) - great measure; विजयं (vijayaṃ) - Vijaya; नाम (nāma) - named; तत् (tat) - that; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; इन्द्र (indra) - Indra; अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose of; अभिकामेन (abhikāmena) - with desire; निर्मितं (nirmitaṃ) - constructed; विश्वकर्मणा (viśvakarmaṇā) - by Vishvakarma;]
(The bow named Vijaya, a great measure of all weapons, was constructed by Vishvakarma with desire for the purpose of Indra.)
The bow named 'Vijaya', known for its great power among all weapons, was crafted by Vishvakarma with the intent to serve Indra's purpose.
येन दैत्यगणान्राजञ्जितवान्वै शतक्रतुः। यस्य घोषेण दैत्यानां विमुह्यन्ति दिशो दश ॥ तद्भार्गवाय प्रायच्छच्छक्रः परमसंमतम् ॥८-२२-३७॥
yena daityagaṇānrājañjitavānvai śatakratuḥ। yasya ghoṣeṇa daityānāṃ vimuhyanti diśo daśa ॥ tadbhārgavāya prāyacchacchakraḥ paramasaṃmatam ॥8-22-37॥
[येन (yena) - by whom; दैत्यगणान् (daityagaṇān) - demon groups; राजन् (rājan) - O king; जितवान् (jitavān) - conquered; वै (vai) - indeed; शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Indra; यस्य (yasya) - whose; घोषेण (ghoṣeṇa) - by the sound; दैत्यानाम् (daityānām) - of demons; विमुह्यन्ति (vimuhyanti) - are confused; दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions; दश (daśa) - ten; तत् (tat) - that; भार्गवाय (bhārgavāya) - to Bhārgava; प्रायच्छत् (prāyacchat) - gave; शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra; परमसंमतम् (paramasaṃmatam) - highly esteemed;]
(By whom, O king, the demon groups were indeed conquered, Indra, by whose sound the ten directions of the demons are confused, that highly esteemed (thing) Indra gave to Bhārgava.)
O king, Indra, who conquered the groups of demons and whose sound confuses the ten directions of the demons, gave that highly esteemed (thing) to Bhārgava.
तद्दिव्यं भार्गवो मह्यमददाद्धनुरुत्तमम्। येन योत्स्ये महाबाहुमर्जुनं जयतां वरम् ॥ यथेन्द्रः समरे सर्वान्दैतेयान्वै समागतान् ॥८-२२-३८॥
taddivyaṁ bhārgavo mahyamadadāddhanuruttamam। yena yotsye mahābāhumarjunaṁ jayatāṁ varam ॥ yathendraḥ samare sarvāndaiteyānvai samāgatān ॥8-22-38॥
[तत् (tat) - that; दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine; भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhargava; मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me; अददात् (adadāt) - gave; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent; येन (yena) - by which; योत्स्ये (yotsye) - I will fight; महाबाहुम् (mahābāhum) - mighty-armed; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna; जयताम् (jayatām) - of the victorious; वरम् (varam) - best; यथा (yathā) - as; इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra; समरे (samare) - in battle; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; दैतेयान् (daiteyān) - Daityas; वै (vai) - indeed; समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled;]
(Bhargava gave me that divine and excellent bow, with which I will fight the mighty-armed Arjuna, the best of the victorious, as Indra fought all the assembled Daityas in battle.)
Bhargava gave me a divine and excellent bow, with which I will challenge the mighty-armed Arjuna, the best among the victorious, just as Indra fought all the assembled Daityas in battle.
धनुर्घोरं रामदत्तं गाण्डीवात्तद्विशिष्यते। त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः पृथिवी धनुषा तेन निर्जिता ॥८-२२-३९॥
dhanurghoraṃ rāmadattaṃ gāṇḍīvāttadviśiṣyate। triḥsaptakṛtvaḥ pṛthivī dhanuṣā tena nirjitā ॥8-22-39॥
[धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; घोरं (ghoraṃ) - terrible; रामदत्तं (rāmadattaṃ) - given by Rama; गाण्डीवात् (gāṇḍīvāt) - from Gandiva; तत् (tat) - that; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - excels; त्रिः (triḥ) - thrice; सप्तकृत्वः (saptakṛtvaḥ) - seven times; पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - earth; धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with bow; तेन (tena) - by that; निर्जिता (nirjitā) - conquered;]
(The terrible bow given by Rama excels that of Gandiva. Thrice seven times the earth was conquered by that bow.)
The formidable bow given by Rama surpasses the Gandiva. The earth was conquered twenty-one times with that bow.
धनुषो यस्य कर्माणि दिव्यानि प्राह भार्गवः। तद्रामो ह्यददान्मह्यं येन योत्स्यामि पाण्डवम् ॥८-२२-४०॥
dhanuṣo yasya karmāṇi divyāni prāha bhārgavaḥ। tadrāmo hyadadānmahyaṃ yena yotsyāmi pāṇḍavam ॥8-22-40॥
[धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow; यस्मिन (yasmin) - in which; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - deeds; दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine; प्राह (prāha) - said; भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhārgava; तत् (tat) - that; रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama; हि (hi) - indeed; अददात् (adadāt) - gave; मह्यम् (mahyam) - to me; येन (yena) - by which; योत्स्यामि (yotsyāmi) - I will fight; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pāṇḍava;]
(Bhārgava said that the divine deeds of the bow, which Rama indeed gave to me, by which I will fight the Pāṇḍava.)
Bhārgava mentioned the divine deeds associated with the bow, which Rama had indeed given to me, and with which I shall fight against the Pāṇḍava.
अद्य दुर्योधनाहं त्वां नन्दयिष्ये सबान्धवम्। निहत्य समरे वीरमर्जुनं जयतां वरम् ॥८-२२-४१॥
adya duryodhanāhaṃ tvāṃ nandayiṣye sabāndhavam। nihatya samare vīramarjunaṃ jayatāṃ varam ॥8-22-41॥
[अद्य (adya) - today; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; अहम् (aham) - I; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; नन्दयिष्ये (nandayiṣye) - will please; स-बान्धवम् (sa-bāndhavam) - with relatives; निहत्य (nihatya) - having slain; समरे (samare) - in battle; वीरम् (vīram) - heroic; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna; जयताम् (jayatām) - of the victorious; वरम् (varam) - best;]
(Today, I, Duryodhana, will please you with relatives, having slain the heroic Arjuna in battle, the best of the victorious.)
Today, I, Duryodhana, will bring joy to you and my relatives by defeating the heroic Arjuna, the best among the victorious, in battle.
सपर्वतवनद्वीपा हतद्विड्भूः ससागरा। पुत्रपौत्रप्रतिष्ठा ते भविष्यत्यद्य पार्थिव ॥८-२२-४२॥
saparvata-vanadvīpā hatadviḍbhūḥ sasāgarā। putrapautrapratiṣṭhā te bhaviṣyatyadya pārthiva ॥8-22-42॥
[सपर्वतवनद्वीपा (saparvata-vanadvīpā) - with mountains, forests, and islands; हतद्विड्भूः (hatadviḍbhūḥ) - destroyed enemies; ससागरा (sasāgarā) - with oceans; पुत्रपौत्रप्रतिष्ठा (putrapautrapratiṣṭhā) - established by sons and grandsons; ते (te) - your; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be; अद्य (adya) - today; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king;]
(With mountains, forests, and islands, destroyed enemies, and oceans, your establishment by sons and grandsons will be today, O king.)
Today, O king, your realm, complete with mountains, forests, islands, and oceans, and having vanquished enemies, will be established by your sons and grandsons.
नासाध्यं विद्यते मेऽद्य त्वत्प्रियार्थं विशेषतः। सम्यग्धर्मानुरक्तस्य सिद्धिरात्मवतो यथा ॥८-२२-४३॥
nāsādhyaṃ vidyate me'dya tvatpriyārthaṃ viśeṣataḥ। samyagdharmaanuraktasya siddhirātmavato yathā ॥8-22-43॥
[न (na) - not; असाध्यम् (asādhyam) - impossible; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; मे (me) - to me; अद्य (adya) - today; त्वत् (tvat) - your; प्रियार्थम् (priyārtham) - for the sake of the beloved; विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; धर्म (dharma) - duty; अनुरक्तस्य (anuraktasya) - of the devoted; सिद्धिः (siddhiḥ) - success; आत्मवतः (ātmavataḥ) - of the self-possessed; यथा (yathā) - as;]
(Today, nothing is impossible for me, especially for the sake of your beloved. Success is certain for the self-possessed who is properly devoted to duty.)
Today, nothing is impossible for me, especially for the sake of your beloved. Success is assured for one who is self-possessed and properly devoted to their duty.
न हि मां समरे सोढुं स शक्तोऽग्निं तरुर्यथा। अवश्यं तु मया वाच्यं येन हीनोऽस्मि फल्गुनात् ॥८-२२-४४॥
na hi māṃ samare soḍhuṃ sa śakto'gniṃ taruryathā। avaśyaṃ tu mayā vācyaṃ yena hīno'smi phalgunāt ॥8-22-44॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; माम् (mām) - me; समरे (samare) - in battle; सोढुम् (soḍhum) - to withstand; सः (saḥ) - he; शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable; अग्निम् (agnim) - fire; तरुः (taruḥ) - tree; यथा (yathā) - as; अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly; तु (tu) - but; मया (mayā) - by me; वाच्यम् (vācyam) - must be spoken; येन (yena) - by whom; हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; फल्गुनात् (phalgunāt) - from Arjuna;]
(He is not capable of withstanding me in battle, just as a tree cannot withstand fire. But I must speak, for I am deprived by Arjuna.)
He cannot withstand me in battle, just as a tree cannot withstand fire. However, I must express myself because I am overshadowed by Arjuna.
ज्या तस्य धनुषो दिव्या तथाक्षय्यौ महेषुधी। तस्य दिव्यं धनुः श्रेष्ठं गाण्डीवमजरं युधि ॥८-२२-४५॥
jyā tasya dhanuṣo divyā tathākṣayyau maheṣudhī। tasya divyaṃ dhanuḥ śreṣṭhaṃ gāṇḍīvamajaraṃ yudhi ॥8-22-45॥
[ज्या (jyā) - bowstring; तस्य (tasya) - his; धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - of the bow; दिव्या (divyā) - divine; तथा (tathā) - and; अक्षय्यौ (akṣayyau) - inexhaustible; महेषुधी (maheṣudhī) - great arrows; तस्य (tasya) - his; दिव्यं (divyaṃ) - divine; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; श्रेष्ठं (śreṣṭham) - excellent; गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gandiva; अजरं (ajaram) - unaging; युधि (yudhi) - in battle;]
(The bowstring of his bow is divine, and the great arrows are inexhaustible. His divine bow, the excellent Gandiva, is unaging in battle.)
The bowstring of his bow is divine, and the great arrows are inexhaustible. His divine bow, the excellent Gandiva, remains unaging in battle.
विजयं च महद्दिव्यं ममापि धनुरुत्तमम्। तत्राहमधिकः पार्थाद्धनुषा तेन पार्थिव ॥८-२२-४६॥
vijayaṁ ca mahaddivyaṁ mamāpi dhanuruttamam। tatrāhamadhikaḥ pārthāddhanuṣā tena pārthiva ॥8-22-46॥
[विजयम् (vijayam) - victory; च (ca) - and; महद्दिव्यम् (mahaddivyam) - great divine; मम (mama) - my; अपि (api) - also; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent; तत्र (tatra) - there; अहम् (aham) - I; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - superior; पार्थात् (pārthāt) - than Arjuna; धनुषा (dhanuṣā) - with bow; तेन (tena) - by that; पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king;]
(Victory and a great divine bow, my excellent bow also. There I am superior to Arjuna with that bow, O king.)
"I possess a great divine bow named Vijaya, and my bow is excellent. There, I am superior to Arjuna with that bow, O king."
मया चाभ्यधिको वीरः पाण्डवस्तन्निबोध मे। रश्मिग्राहश्च दाशार्हः सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः ॥८-२२-४७॥
mayā cābhyadhiko vīraḥ pāṇḍavastannibodha me। raśmigrāhaśca dāśārhaḥ sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ ॥8-22-47॥
[मया (mayā) - by me; च (ca) - and; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Pāṇḍava; तत् (tat) - that; निबोध (nibodha) - know; मे (me) - from me; रश्मिग्राहः (raśmigrāhaḥ) - charioteer; च (ca) - and; दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - descendant of the Daśārhas; सर्वलोकनमस्कृतः (sarvalokanamaskṛtaḥ) - respected by all worlds;]
(By me, a superior hero is the Pāṇḍava. Know that from me. The charioteer, a descendant of the Daśārhas, is respected by all worlds.)
"By me, the Pāṇḍava is acknowledged as a superior hero. Know this from me: the charioteer, a descendant of the Daśārhas, is revered by all the worlds."
अग्निदत्तश्च वै दिव्यो रथः काञ्चनभूषणः। अच्छेद्यः सर्वतो वीर वाजिनश्च मनोजवाः ॥ ध्वजश्च दिव्यो द्युतिमान्वानरो विस्मयङ्करः ॥८-२२-४८॥
agnidattaśca vai divyo rathaḥ kāñcanabhūṣaṇaḥ। acchedyaḥ sarvato vīra vājinaśca manojavāḥ ॥ dhvajaśca divyo dyutimānvā naro vismayaṅkaraḥ ॥8-22-48॥
[अग्निदत्तः (agnidattaḥ) - given by Agni; च (ca) - and; वै (vai) - indeed; दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine; रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot; काञ्चन (kāñcana) - golden; भूषणः (bhūṣaṇaḥ) - adorned; अच्छेद्यः (acchedyaḥ) - unbreakable; सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides; वीर (vīra) - heroic; वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses; च (ca) - and; मनोजवाः (manojavāḥ) - swift as the mind; ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - flag; च (ca) - and; दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine; द्युतिमान् (dyutimān) - radiant; वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey; विस्मयङ्करः (vismayaṅkaraḥ) - astonishing;]
(The divine chariot, given by Agni, adorned with gold, is indeed unbreakable from all sides, heroic, with horses swift as the mind. The flag is divine, radiant, and astonishing with a monkey.)
The divine chariot, gifted by Agni, is adorned with gold and is unbreakable from all sides. It is heroic, with horses as swift as the mind. The flag is divine, radiant, and astonishing with a monkey emblem.
कृष्णश्च स्रष्टा जगतो रथं तमभिरक्षति। एभिर्द्रव्यैरहं हीनो योद्धुमिच्छामि पाण्डवम् ॥८-२२-४९॥
kṛṣṇaśca sraṣṭā jagato rathaṃ tamabhirakṣati। ebhirdravyairahaṃ hīno yoddhumicchāmi pāṇḍavam ॥8-22-49॥
[कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Krishna; च (ca) - and; स्रष्टा (sraṣṭā) - creator; जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world; रथं (rathaṃ) - chariot; तम् (tam) - that; अभिरक्षति (abhirakṣati) - protects; एभिः (ebhiḥ) - by these; द्रव्यैः (dravyaiḥ) - resources; अहम् (aham) - I; हीनः (hīnaḥ) - deprived; योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - wish; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Pandu's son;]
(Krishna, the creator of the world, protects that chariot. Deprived of these resources, I wish to fight Pandu's son.)
Krishna, the creator of the world, protects the chariot. I, deprived of these resources, wish to fight against Pandu's son.
अयं तु सदृशो वीरः शल्यः समितिशोभनः। सारथ्यं यदि मे कुर्याद्ध्रुवस्ते विजयो भवेत् ॥८-२२-५०॥
ayaṁ tu sadṛśo vīraḥ śalyaḥ samitiśobhanaḥ। sārathyaṁ yadi me kuryāddhruvaste vijayo bhavet ॥8-22-50॥
[अयम् (ayam) - this; तु (tu) - but; सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - suitable; वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya; समितिशोभनः (samitiśobhanaḥ) - battle-glorious; सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering; यदि (yadi) - if; मे (me) - my; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would do; ध्रुवः (dhruvaḥ) - certain; ते (te) - your; विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory; भवेत् (bhavet) - would be;]
(This hero Śalya, glorious in battle, if he were to do my charioteering, your victory would be certain.)
This hero Śalya, who is glorious in battle, would ensure your victory if he were to take up the role of charioteer.
तस्य मे सारथिः शल्यो भवत्वसुकरः परैः। नाराचान्गार्ध्रपत्रांश्च शकटानि वहन्तु मे ॥८-२२-५१॥
tasya me sārathiḥ śalyo bhavatvasukaraḥ paraiḥ। nārācāngārdhrapatrāṃśca śakaṭāni vahantu me ॥8-22-51॥
[तस्य (tasya) - his; मे (me) - my; सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - charioteer; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya; भवत्वसुकरः (bhavatvasukaraḥ) - be easily manageable; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others; नाराचान् (nārācān) - iron arrows; गार्ध्रपत्रान् (gārdhrapatrān) - vulture-feathered; च (ca) - and; शकटानि (śakaṭāni) - carts; वहन्तु (vahantu) - carry; मे (me) - my;]
(His charioteer Śalya should be easily manageable by others. Let my carts carry iron arrows and vulture-feathered ones.)
His charioteer, Śalya, should be easily manageable by others. Let my carts carry iron arrows and vulture-feathered ones.
रथाश्च मुख्या राजेन्द्र युक्ता वाजिभिरुत्तमैः। आयान्तु पश्चात्सततं मामेव भरतर्षभ ॥८-२२-५२॥
rathāśca mukhyā rājendra yuktā vājibhiruttamaiḥ। āyāntu paścātsatataṃ māmeva bharatarṣabha ॥8-22-52॥
[रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots; च (ca) - and; मुख्याः (mukhyāḥ) - chief; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - yoked; वाजिभिः (vājibhiḥ) - with horses; उत्तमैः (uttamaiḥ) - excellent; आयान्तु (āyāntu) - let them come; पश्चात् (paścāt) - behind; सततम् (satatam) - always; माम् (mām) - me; एव (eva) - only; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(Chariots, O king, yoked with excellent horses, let them always come behind me, O best of the Bharatas.)
O King, let the chief chariots yoked with the best horses always follow me, O best of the Bharatas.
एवमभ्यधिकः पार्थाद्भविष्यामि गुणैरहम्। शल्यो ह्यभ्यधिकः कृष्णादर्जुनादधिको ह्यहम् ॥८-२२-५३॥
evam abhyadhikaḥ pārthād bhaviṣyāmi guṇair aham। śalyo hy abhyadhikaḥ kṛṣṇād arjunād adhiko hy aham ॥8-22-53॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; पार्थात् (pārthāt) - than Arjuna; भविष्यामि (bhaviṣyāmi) - I will become; गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - in qualities; अहम् (aham) - I; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya; हि (hi) - indeed; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; कृष्णात् (kṛṣṇāt) - than Krishna; अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - than Arjuna; अधिकः (adhikaḥ) - greater; हि (hi) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Thus, I will become superior to Arjuna in qualities. Shalya is indeed superior to Krishna and greater than Arjuna.)
Thus, I will surpass Arjuna in qualities. Shalya is indeed superior to both Krishna and Arjuna.
यथाश्वहृदयं वेद दाशार्हः परवीरहा। तथा शल्योऽपि जानीते हयानां वै महारथः ॥८-२२-५४॥
yathāśvahṛdayaṃ veda dāśārhaḥ paravīrahā। tathā śalyo'pi jānīte hayānāṃ vai mahārathaḥ ॥8-22-54॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; अश्वहृदयं (aśvahṛdayaṃ) - the heart of a horse; वेद (veda) - knows; दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - the descendant of the Daśārhas; परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - destroyer of enemy heroes; तथा (tathā) - so; शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya; अपि (api) - also; जानीते (jānīte) - knows; हयानाम् (hayānām) - of horses; वै (vai) - indeed; महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer;]
(Just as the descendant of the Daśārhas, the destroyer of enemy heroes, knows the heart of a horse, so does Śalya, the great charioteer, also know of horses.)
The descendant of the Daśārhas, known for defeating enemy heroes, understands horses' nature just as well as Śalya, the renowned charioteer.
बाहुवीर्ये समो नास्ति मद्रराजस्य कश्चन। तथास्त्रैर्मत्समो नास्ति कश्चिदेव धनुर्धरः ॥८-२२-५५॥
bāhuvīrye samo nāsti madrarājasya kaścana। tathāstrairmatsamo nāsti kaścideva dhanurdharaḥ ॥8-22-55॥
[बाहु (bāhu) - arm; वीर्ये (vīrye) - strength; समः (samaḥ) - equal; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - is; मद्रराजस्य (madrarājasya) - of the king of Madra; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone; तथा (tathā) - similarly; अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - in weapons; मत्समः (matsamaḥ) - equal to me; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - is; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; एव (eva) - indeed; धनुर्धरः (dhanurdharaḥ) - archer;]
(In arm strength, there is no one equal to the king of Madra. Similarly, in weapons, there is indeed no archer equal to me.)
There is no one who matches the king of Madra in arm strength, and similarly, no archer equals me in weaponry.
तथा शल्यसमो नास्ति हययाने ह कश्चन। सोऽयमभ्यधिकः पार्थाद्भविष्यति रथो मम ॥८-२२-५६॥
tathā śalyasamo nāsti hayayāne ha kaścana। so'yamabhyadhikaḥ pārthādbhaviṣyati ratho mama ॥8-22-56॥
[तथा (tathā) - thus; शल्यसमः (śalyasamaḥ) - equal to Śalya; न (na) - not; अस्ति (asti) - is; हययाने (hayayāne) - in chariot-fighting; ह (ha) - indeed; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone; सः (saḥ) - he; अयम् (ayam) - this; अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - superior; पार्थात् (pārthāt) - than Arjuna; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be; रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot; मम (mama) - my;]
(Thus, there is no one equal to Śalya in chariot-fighting. This chariot of mine will be superior to Arjuna's.)
Thus, there is no one like Śalya in chariot-fighting. This chariot of mine will surpass Arjuna's.
एतत्कृतं महाराज त्वयेच्छामि परन्तप। एवं कृते कृतं मह्यं सर्वकामैर्भविष्यति ॥८-२२-५७॥
etatkṛtaṃ mahārāja tvayecchāmi parantapa। evaṃ kṛte kṛtaṃ mahyaṃ sarvakāmairbhaviṣyati ॥8-22-57॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; कृतं (kṛtaṃ) - done; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; परन्तप (parantapa) - O subduer of enemies; एवं (evaṃ) - thus; कृते (kṛte) - done; कृतं (kṛtaṃ) - done; मह्यम् (mahyaṃ) - for me; सर्वकामैः (sarvakāmaiḥ) - with all desires; भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be;]
(This has been done, O great king, by you, I wish, O subduer of enemies. Thus done, it will be done for me with all desires.)
"O great king, this has been done by you, and I wish, O subduer of enemies, that by doing so, all my desires will be fulfilled."
ततो द्रष्टासि समरे यत्करिष्यामि भारत। सर्वथा पाण्डवान्सर्वाञ्जेष्याम्यद्य समागतान् ॥८-२२-५८॥
tato draṣṭāsi samare yatkariṣyāmi bhārata। sarvathā pāṇḍavānsarvāñjeṣyāmyadya samāgatān ॥8-22-58॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; द्रष्टासि (draṣṭāsi) - you will see; समरे (samare) - in battle; यत् (yat) - what; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सर्वथा (sarvathā) - certainly; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; जेष्यामि (jeṣyāmi) - I will conquer; अद्य (adya) - today; समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled;]
(Then you will see in battle what I will do, O Bhārata. Certainly, today I will conquer all the assembled Pāṇḍavas.)
Then you will witness in the battle what I am going to do, O Bhārata. Today, I will surely defeat all the assembled Pāṇḍavas.
दुर्योधन उवाच॥
duryodhana uvāca॥
[दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Duryodhana said:)
Duryodhana said:
सर्वमेतत्करिष्यामि यथा त्वं कर्ण मन्यसे। सोपासङ्गा रथाः साश्वा अनुयास्यन्ति सूतज ॥८-२२-५९॥
sarvam etat kariṣyāmi yathā tvaṃ karṇa manyase। sopāsaṅgā rathāḥ sāśvā anuyāsyanti sūtaja ॥8-22-59॥
[सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; एतत् (etat) - this; करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do; यथा (yathā) - as; त्वम् (tvam) - you; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; मन्यसे (manyase) - think; सः (saḥ) - with; उपसङ्गाः (upasaṅgāḥ) - attendants; रथाः (rathāḥ) - chariots; सः (saḥ) - with; अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses; अनुयास्यन्ति (anuyāsyanti) - will follow; सूतज (sūtaja) - son of a charioteer;]
(I will do all this as you think, Karna. The chariots with attendants and horses will follow, O son of a charioteer.)
I will carry out everything as you believe, Karna. The chariots along with their attendants and horses will accompany you, O son of a charioteer.
नाराचान्गार्ध्रपक्षांश्च शकटानि वहन्तु ते। अनुयास्याम कर्ण त्वां वयं सर्वे च पार्थिवाः ॥८-२२-६०॥
nārācāṅgārdhrapakṣāṃśca śakaṭāni vahantu te। anuyāsyāma karṇa tvāṃ vayaṃ sarve ca pārthivāḥ ॥8-22-60॥
[नाराचान् (nārācān) - iron arrows; गार्ध्र (gārdhra) - vulture; पक्षान् (pakṣān) - wings; च (ca) - and; शकटानि (śakaṭāni) - carts; वहन्तु (vahantu) - carry; ते (te) - they; अनुयास्याम (anuyāsyāma) - will follow; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; त्वां (tvāṃ) - you; वयम् (vayam) - we; सर्वे (sarve) - all; च (ca) - and; पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings;]
(Let the carts carry iron arrows with vulture wings. We all, the kings, will follow you, Karna.)
"Let the carts carry iron arrows with vulture wings. We, all the kings, will follow you, Karna."
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
एवमुक्त्वा महाराज तव पुत्राः प्रतापवान्। अभिगम्याब्रवीद्राजा मद्रराजमिदं वचः ॥८-२२-६१॥
evamuktvā mahārāja tava putrāḥ pratāpavān। abhigamyābravīdrājā madrarājamidaṃ vacaḥ ॥8-22-61॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king; तव (tava) - your; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - glorious; अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - approaching; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; राजा (rājā) - the king; मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - to the king of Madra; इदं (idaṃ) - this; वचः (vacaḥ) - speech;]
(Thus having spoken, O great king, your glorious sons, approaching, the king said this speech to the king of Madra.)
After speaking thus, O great king, your glorious sons approached and the king addressed these words to the king of Madra.
