08.043
Pancharatra and Core: Duryodhana and his brothers want to capture Yudhishthira, but are faced with Bhima, Satyaki, and Panchalas. Led by Bhima, the Kaurava army is forced to retreat.
sañjaya uvāca॥
Sanjaya said:
etasminnantare kṛṣṇaḥ pārthaṃ vacanamabravīt। darśayanniva kaunteyaṃ dharmarājaṃ yudhiṣṭhiram ॥8-43-1॥
Meanwhile, Krishna addressed Arjuna, seemingly pointing out Dharmaraja Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti.
eṣa pāṇḍava te bhrātā dhārtarāṣṭrairmahābalaiḥ। jighāṁsubhirmaheṣvāsairdhrutaṁ pārthānusaryate ॥8-43-2॥
Your brother, the Pāṇḍava, is being swiftly pursued by the powerful sons of Dhritarashtra, who are skilled archers with the intent to kill.
tathānuyānti saṁrabdhāḥ pāñcālā yuddhadurmadāḥ। yudhiṣṭhiraṁ mahātmānaṁ parīpsanto mahājavāḥ ॥8-43-3॥
The excited Panchalas, known for their arrogance in battle, swiftly follow the noble Yudhishthira, eager to protect him.
eṣa duryodhanaḥ pārtha rathānīkena daṃśitaḥ। rājā sarvasya lokasya rājānamanudhāvati ॥8-43-4॥
Duryodhana, O son of Pritha, having been pierced by the army of chariots, is pursued by the king of the entire world.
jighāṃsuḥ puruṣavyāghraṃ bhrātṛbhiḥ sahito balī। āśīviṣasamasparśaiḥ sarvayuddhaviśāradaiḥ ॥8-43-5॥
Desiring to kill the tiger among men, he was accompanied by his strong brothers, who were like venomous snakes in touch and experts in all kinds of warfare.
ete jighṛkṣavo yānti dvipāśvarathapattayaḥ। yudhiṣṭhiraṃ dhārtarāṣṭrā ratnottamamivārthinaḥ ॥8-43-6॥
The sons of Dhritarashtra, desiring to seize, go with elephants, horses, chariots, and foot soldiers to Yudhishthira, like seekers of the best jewel.
paśya sātvata-bhīmābhyāṃ niruddhādhiṣṭhitaḥ prabhuḥ। jihīrṣavo'mṛtaṃ daityāḥ śakrāgnibhyāmivāvaśāḥ ॥8-43-7॥
Behold the Lord, who is under the control and guidance of Sātvata and Bhīma. The demons, in their desire to seize the nectar, find themselves as helpless as Indra and Agni.
ete bahutvāttvaritāḥ punargacchanti pāṇḍavam। samudramiva vāryoghāḥ prāvṛṭkāle mahārathāḥ ॥8-43-8॥
These great charioteers, in large numbers, swiftly return to Pandava, like streams of water rushing to the ocean during the rainy season.
nadantaḥ siṃhanādāṃśca dhamantaścāpi vārījān। balavanto maheṣvāsā vidhunvanto dhanūṃṣi ca ॥8-43-9॥
The strong great archers, roaring like lions and blowing conch-shells, wield their bows with might.
mṛtyormukhagataṃ manye kuntīputraṃ yudhiṣṭhiram। hutamagnau ca bhadraṃ te duryodhanavaśaṃ gatam ॥8-43-10॥
I believe that Kunti's son, Yudhishthira, has fallen into the clutches of death. What was offered in the fire, your fortune, has come under Duryodhana's control.
yathāyuktamanīkaṃ hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya pāṇḍava। nāsya śakro'pi mucyeta samprāpto bāṇagocaram ॥8-43-11॥
O Pandava, the army of Dhritarashtra is so well arranged that even Indra himself would not escape if he entered the range of arrows.
duryodhanasya śūrasya drauṇeḥ śāradvatasya ca। karṇasya ceṣuvego vai parvatānapi dārayet ॥8-43-12॥
The speed of the arrows of Duryodhana, the hero, the son of Droṇa, Śāradvata, and Karṇa was so great that it could pierce even mountains.
duryodhanasya śūrasya śaraughāñ śīghram asyataḥ। saṅkruddhasyāntakasyeva ko vegaṃ saṃsahed raṇe ॥8-43-13॥
Who can withstand the force of Duryodhana's swiftly shooting arrows, like those of an enraged destroyer, in battle?
karṇena ca kṛto rājā vimukhaḥ śatrutāpanaḥ। balavāṁllaghuhastaśca kṛtī yuddhaviśāradaḥ ॥8-43-14॥
Karna made the king turn away, being a tormentor of enemies, strong, nimble, skillful, and an expert in warfare.
rādheyaḥ pāṇḍavaśreṣṭhaṃ śaktaḥ pīḍayituṃ raṇe। sahito dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putraiḥ śūro mahātmabhiḥ ॥8-43-15॥
Karna, the son of Radha, was capable of challenging the best of the Pandavas in battle, as he was accompanied by the heroic sons of Dhritarashtra and other great warriors.
tasyaivaṃ yudhyamānasya saṅgrāme saṃyatātmanaḥ। anyairapi ca pārthasya hṛtaṃ varma mahārathaiḥ ॥8-43-16॥
In the battle, as he fought with self-control, Arjuna's armor was taken by other great warriors.
upavāsakṛśo rājā bhṛśaṃ bharatasattama। brāhme bale sthito hyeṣa na kṣatre'tibale vibho ॥8-43-17॥
The king, weakened by fasting, is firmly established in the strength of Brahma, not in the great strength of the Kshatriya, O mighty one, best of the Bharatas.
na jīvati mahārājo manye pārtha yudhiṣṭhiraḥ। yadbhīmasenaḥ sahate siṃhanādamamarṣaṇaḥ ॥8-43-18॥
I believe, O son of Pritha, that the great king Yudhishthira is no longer alive, as Bhimasena, who cannot tolerate such things, endures the lion's roar.
nardatāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ punaḥ punarariṃdama। dhamatāṃ ca mahāśaṅkhānsaṅgrāme jitakāśinām ॥8-43-19॥
The sons of Dhritarashtra roared repeatedly, O subduer of enemies, and blew their great conches in the battle, those who have conquered their shine.
yudhiṣṭhiraṃ pāṇḍaveyaṃ hateti bharatarṣabha। sañcodayatyasau karṇo dhārtarāṣṭrānmahābalān ॥8-43-20॥
O best of the Bharatas, Karna urges the mighty sons of Dhritarashtra upon hearing that Yudhishthira, the son of Pandu, is killed.
sthūṇākarṇendrajālena pārtha pāśupatena ca। pracchādayanto rājānam anuyānti mahārathāḥ ॥ āturo me mato rājā saṃniṣevyaśca bhārata ॥8-43-21॥
O son of Pritha, the great charioteers, using the net of Stūṇākarṇa Indra and the weapon of Pashupati, cover and follow the king. In my opinion, the distressed king should be attended to, O descendant of Bharata.
yathainamanuvartante pāñcālāḥ saha pāṇḍavaiḥ। tvaramāṇāstvarākāle sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varāḥ ॥ majjantamiva pātāle balino'pyujjihīrṣavaḥ ॥8-43-22॥
The Panchalas, together with the Pandavas, follow him with urgency, being the best among all warriors, as if even the strongest, while sinking into the depths, wish to rise again.
na keturdṛśyate rājñaḥ karṇena nihataḥ śaraiḥ। paśyatoryamayoḥ pārtha sātyakeśca śikhaṇḍinaḥ ॥8-43-23॥
The king's banner was struck down by Karna's arrows as Arjuna, Satyaki, and Shikhandi watched, making it invisible.
dhṛṣṭadyumnasya bhīmasya śatānīkasya vā vibho। pāñcālānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ cedīnāṃ caiva bhārata ॥8-43-24॥
O Bhārata, whether it is Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Bhīma, Śatānīka, or the Pāñcālas and all the Cedis, O lord.
eṣa karṇo raṇe pārtha pāṇḍavānāmanīkinīm। śarairvidhvaṁsayati vai nalinīmiva kuñjaraḥ ॥8-43-25॥
Karṇa, in the battlefield, is devastating the Pandava army with his arrows, much like an elephant trampling through a lotus grove.
ete dravanti rathinastvadīyāḥ pāṇḍunandana। paśya paśya yathā pārtha gacchantyete mahārathāḥ ॥8-43-26॥
O son of Pandu, your charioteers are advancing swiftly. Look, O son of Pritha, see how these great charioteers proceed.
ete bhārata mātaṅgāḥ karṇenābhihatā raṇe। ārtanādānvikurvāṇā vidravanti diśo daśa ॥8-43-27॥
The elephants of the Bharata army, having been struck by Karna in the battle, are crying out in distress and fleeing in all directions.
rathānāṃ dravatāṃ vṛndaṃ paśya pārtha samantataḥ। drāvyamāṇaṃ raṇe caiva karṇenāmitrakarśinā ॥8-43-28॥
O Arjuna, behold the multitude of chariots swiftly moving all around, driven in battle by Karna, the tormentor of foes.
hastikakṣyāṃ raṇe paśya carantīṃ tatra tatra ha। rathasthaṃ sūtaputrasya ketuṃ ketumatāṃ vara ॥8-43-29॥
In the elephant division of the battlefield, observe the banner of the foremost among the bannered warriors, moving here and there, indeed, as it is mounted on the chariot of the charioteer's son.
asau dhāvati rādheyo bhīmasenarathaṃ prati। kirañśaraśatānīva vinighnaṃstava vāhinīm ॥8-43-30॥
Radheya rushes towards Bhimasena's chariot, scattering hundreds of arrows as if to destroy your army.
etān paśya ca pāñcālān drāvyamāṇān mahātmanā। śakreṇeva yathā daityān hanyamānān mahāhave ॥8-43-31॥
Behold these Panchalas being driven by the great soul, as the demons were slain by Shakra in the great battle.
eṣa karṇo raṇe jitvā pāñcālān pāṇḍusṛñjayān। diśo viprekṣate sarvās tvadartham iti me matiḥ ॥8-43-32॥
In my opinion, Karṇa, having defeated the Pāñcālas and the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas in battle, is now surveying all directions for your benefit.
paśya pārtha dhanuḥ śreṣṭhaṃ vikarṣansādhu śobhate। śatrūñjitvā yathā śakro devasaṅghaiḥ samāvṛtaḥ ॥8-43-33॥
Behold, O Arjuna, as he draws the finest bow, he stands resplendent, having vanquished his foes, much like Indra surrounded by the celestial hosts.
ete nadanti kauravyā dṛṣṭvā karṇasya vikramam। trāsayanto raṇe pārthānsṛñjayāṃśca sahasraśaḥ ॥8-43-34॥
The Kauravas, witnessing Karna's bravery, roar mightily, intimidating the Pandavas and the Srinjayas by the thousands on the battlefield.
eṣa sarvātmanā pāṇḍūṃstrāsayitvā mahāraṇe। abhibhāṣati rādheyaḥ sarvasainyāni mānadaḥ ॥8-43-35॥
Radheya (Karna), with all his might, instills fear in the Pandavas during the great battle and addresses all the armies, bestowing honor.
abhidravata gacchadhvaṁ drutaṁ dravata kauravāḥ। yathā jīvanna vaḥ kaścinmucyate yudhi sṛñjayaḥ ॥8-43-36॥
"Attack quickly, Kauravas, so that none of your enemies, the Sṛñjayas, escape alive from the battle."
tathā kuruta saṃyattā vayaṃ yāsyāma pṛṣṭhataḥ। evamuktvā yayāveṣa pṛṣṭhato vikirañśaraiḥ ॥8-43-37॥
"Thus, be prepared, we shall follow behind." Having said this, he proceeded, scattering arrows behind him.
paśya karṇaṃ raṇe pārtha śvetacchavivirājitam। udayaṃ parvataṃ yadvacchobhayanvai divākaraḥ ॥8-43-38॥
Behold, O Arjuna, the mighty Karna in battle, resplendent with his chariot drawn by white horses, akin to the sun rising and casting its brilliance upon the mountain.
pūrṇacandranikāśena mūrdhni chatreṇa bhārata। dhriyamāṇena samare tathā śataśalākinā ॥8-43-39॥
O Bharata, in the battle, an umbrella like the full moon was held on the head, along with a hundred-spoked wheel.
eṣa tvāṃ prekṣate karṇaḥ sakaṭākṣo viśāṃ pate। uttamaṃ yatnam āsthāya dhruvam eṣyati saṃyuge ॥8-43-40॥
Karna, with his side-glances, is observing you, O lord of men. He is determined to put forth his best effort and is certain to achieve victory in the battle.
paśya hy enaṃ mahābāho vidhunvānaṃ mahaddhanuḥ। śarāṃś cāśīviṣākārān visṛjantaṃ mahābalam ॥8-43-41॥
Behold, O mighty-armed one, this warrior wielding a great bow and releasing arrows that resemble serpents with immense power.
asau nivṛtto rādheyo dṛśyate vānaradhvaja। vadhāya cātmano'bhyeti dīpasya śalabho yathā ॥8-43-42॥
Radheya (Karna) is seen returning with the monkey-banner, approaching his own destruction like a moth drawn to a flame.
karṇam ekākinam dṛṣṭvā rathānīkena bhārata। rirakṣiṣuḥ susaṃyatto dhārtarāṣṭro'bhivartate ॥8-43-43॥
Seeing Karna alone, the son of Dhritarashtra, well-prepared, advances with the chariot division, desiring to protect, O Bharata.
sārvaiḥ sahaibhirduṣṭātmā vadhya eṣa prayatnataḥ। tvayā yaśaśca rājyaṃ ca sukhaṃ cottamamicchatā ॥8-43-44॥
This wicked soul should be killed with effort by all your companions, as you desire fame, kingdom, and supreme happiness.
ātmānaṃ ca kṛtātmānaṃ samīkṣya bharatarṣabha। kṛtāgasaṃ ca rādheyaṃ dharmātmani yudhiṣṭhire ॥8-43-45॥
O best of the Bharatas, having observed the self-controlled nature of oneself and Radheya (Karna) who has committed offenses, one finds righteousness in Yudhishthira.
pratipadyasva rādheyaṃ prāptakālamanantaram। āryāṃ yuddhe matiṃ kṛtvā pratyehi rathayūthapam ॥8-43-46॥
Approach Radheya immediately when the time is right. With a noble mind set for battle, proceed towards the chariot warrior.
pañca hy etāni mukhyānāṃ rathānāṃ rathasattama। śatāny āyānti vegena balināṃ bhīmatejasām ॥8-43-47॥
O best of charioteers, indeed five of the chief chariots, hundreds of them, are approaching swiftly, driven by the strong and those of terrible energy.
pañca nāgasahasrāṇi dviguṇā vājinastathā। abhisaṃhatya kaunteya padātiprayutāni ca ॥ anyonyarakṣitaṃ vīra balaṃ tvāmabhivartate ॥8-43-48॥
O son of Kunti, a heroic army consisting of five thousand elephants, twice as many horses, and myriads of infantry, all mutually protected, is advancing towards you.
sūtaputre maheṣvāse darśayātmānamātmanā। uttamaṃ yatnamāsthāya pratyehi bharatarṣabha ॥8-43-49॥
O best of the Bharatas, show yourself to the son of a charioteer, the great archer, by your own effort and excellence, and then return.
asau karṇaḥ susaṁrabdhaḥ pāñcālānabhidhāvati। ketumasya hi paśyāmi dhṛṣṭadyumnarathaṁ prati ॥ samucchetsyati pāñcālāniti manye parantapa ॥8-43-50॥
Karna, in his fury, charges towards the Panchalas. I see his banner directed at Dhrishtadyumna's chariot. I believe, O scorcher of foes, that he intends to annihilate the Panchalas.
ācakṣe te priyaṃ pārtha tadevaṃ bharatarṣabha। rājā jīvati kauravyo dharmaputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ॥8-43-51॥
I bring you good news, O Arjuna, that the noble Yudhishthira, the rightful heir of the Kuru dynasty, is alive and well.
asau bhīmo mahābāhuḥ saṃnivṛttaścamūmukhe। vṛtaḥ sṛñjayasainyena sātyakena ca bhārata ॥8-43-52॥
Bhima, the mighty-armed warrior, has come back to the forefront of the battle, accompanied by the forces of the Srinjayas and Satyaki, O Bharata.
vadhyanta ete samare kauravā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ। bhīmasenena kaunteya pāñcālaiśca mahātmabhiḥ ॥8-43-53॥
In the battle, these Kauravas are being slain by the sharp arrows of Bhimasena, the son of Kunti, along with the noble Panchalas.
senā hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya vimukhā cābhavadraṇāt। vipradhāvati vegena bhīmasya nihatā śaraiḥ ॥8-43-54॥
The army of Dhritarashtra's son was indeed disheartened and fled swiftly from the battlefield, struck down by Bhima's arrows.
vipannasasyeva mahī rudhireṇa samukṣitā। bhāratī bharataśreṣṭha senā kṛpaṇadarśanā ॥8-43-55॥
The earth was smeared with blood like crops that have been destroyed. O best of the Bharatas, the army of Bharati appeared pitiful.
nivṛttaṃ paśya kaunteya bhīmasenaṃ yudhāṃ patim। āśīviṣamiva kruddhaṃ tasmāddravati vāhinī ॥8-43-56॥
O son of Kunti, behold Bhimasena, the lord of battles, who has become like an enraged serpent; hence, the army is in retreat.
pītaraktāsitasitāstārācandrārkamaṇḍitāḥ। patākā viprakīryante chatrāṇyetāni cārjuna ॥8-43-57॥
O Arjuna, the flags and umbrellas, adorned with the colors yellow, red, black, and white, and decorated with stars, the moon, and the sun, are scattered.
sauvarṇā rājatāścaiva taijasāśca pṛthagvidhāḥ। ketavo vinipātyante hastyaśvaṃ viprakīryate ॥8-43-58॥
Golden, silver, and fiery banners of various kinds are being knocked down, and elephants and horses are scattered all around.
rathebhyaḥ prapatantyete rathino vigatāsavaḥ। nānāvarṇairhatā bāṇaiḥ pāñcālairapalāyibhiḥ ॥8-43-59॥
The lifeless charioteers are falling from their chariots, struck down by the Panchalas' arrows of various colors, as they stood their ground.
nirmanuṣyāngajānaśvānrathāṃścaiva dhanañjaya। samādravanti pāñcālā dhārtarāṣṭrāṃstarasvinaḥ ॥8-43-60॥
Arjuna and the Panchalas, devoid of men, elephants, horses, and chariots, swiftly rush towards the sons of Dhritarashtra.
mṛdnanti ca naravyāghrā bhīmasenavyapāśrayāt। balaṃ pareṣāṃ durdharṣaṃ tyaktvā prāṇānariṃdama ॥8-43-61॥
The warriors, like tigers among men, crush their enemies with the support of Bhimasena, abandoning the invincible strength of their foes, O subduer of enemies.
ete nadanti pāñcālā dhamantyapi ca vārījān। abhidravanti ca raṇe nighnantaḥ sāyakaiḥ parān ॥8-43-62॥
The Panchalas are fiercely roaring and blowing their conchs as they charge into battle, striking down their enemies with arrows.
paśya svargasya māhātmyaṃ pāñcālā hi parantapa। dhārtarāṣṭrānvinighnanti kruddhāḥ siṃhā iva dvipān ॥8-43-63॥
"Behold the glory of heaven, O scorcher of foes. The Panchalas, in their wrath, are slaying the Dhartarashtras, like lions slaying elephants."
sarvataścābhipannaiṣā dhārtarāṣṭrī mahācamūḥ। pāñcālairmānasādetya haṃsairgaṅgeva vegitaiḥ ॥8-43-64॥
The great army of Dhritarashtra's sons is surrounded on all sides by the Panchalas, much like the Ganga is swiftly approached by swans coming from the Manasa lake.
subhṛśaṃ ca parākrāntāḥ pāñcālānāṃ nivāraṇe। kṛpakarṇādayo vīrā ṛṣabhāṇāmivarṣabhāḥ ॥8-43-65॥
Kṛpa, Karṇa, and others, greatly valiant, were like bulls among the Pāñcālas in their efforts to restrain them.
sunimagnāṃśca bhīmāstrairdhārtarāṣṭrānmahārathān। dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhā vīrā ghnanti śatrūnsahasraśaḥ ॥ viṣaṇṇabhūyiṣṭharathā dhārtarāṣṭrī mahācamūḥ ॥8-43-66॥
The great charioteers, sons of Dhritarashtra, deeply immersed and attacked by Bhima's weapons, are being slain by the heroes led by Dhrishtadyumna, killing enemies by the thousands. The great army of Dhritarashtra is left with most of its chariots despondent.
paśya bhīmena nārācaiśchinnā nāgāḥ patantyamī। vajrivajrāhatānīva śikharāṇi mahībhṛtām ॥8-43-67॥
"Look at these elephants, cut down by Bhima's arrows, falling like mountain peaks struck by Indra's thunderbolt."
bhīmasenasya nirviddhā bāṇaiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ। svānyanīkāni mṛdnanto dravantyete mahāgajāḥ ॥8-43-68॥
The great elephants, struck by Bhimasena's arrows with bent joints, are trampling their own forces and fleeing.
nābhijānāsi bhīmasya siṃhanādaṃ durutsaham। nadato'rjuna saṅgrāme vīrasya jitakāśinaḥ ॥8-43-69॥
O Arjuna, you are unaware of the mighty and irresistible lion's roar of Bhima, the victorious hero, as he roars in battle.
eṣa naiṣādirabhyeti dvipamukhyena pāṇḍavam। jighāṃsustomaraiḥ kruddho daṇḍapāṇirivāntakaḥ ॥8-43-70॥
The hunter, filled with anger and armed with spears, approaches the Pāṇḍava on the chief elephant, resembling Yama with a staff in hand, intent on killing.
satomarāvasya bhujau chinnau bhīmena garjataḥ। tīkṣṇairagniśikhāprakhyairnārācairdaśabhirhataḥ ॥8-43-71॥
Tomaravas, with his arms severed, was roaring as he was slain by Bhima with ten sharp arrows resembling flames of fire.
hatvainaṃ punarāyāti nāgānanyānprahāriṇaḥ। paśya nīlāmbudanibhānmahāmātrairadhiṣṭhitān ॥ śaktitomarasaṅkāśairvinighnantaṃ vṛkodaram ॥8-43-72॥
After killing this one, the attackers of other elephants return. Look at those cloud-like figures, occupied by ministers, striking Vrikodara with spears and lances.
sapta sapta ca nāgāṁstānvaijayantīśca sadhvajāḥ। nihatya niśitairbāṇaiśchinnāḥ pārthāgrajena te ॥ daśabhirdaśabhicaiko nārācairnihato gajaḥ ॥8-43-73॥
Arjuna's elder brother killed fourteen elephants, those victorious with banners, using sharp arrows. Additionally, one elephant was killed with iron arrows.
na cāsau dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ śrūyate ninadastathā। puraṃdarasame kruddhe nivṛtte bharatarṣabhe ॥8-43-74॥
The sound of the sons of Dhritarashtra is no longer heard, as the mighty warrior, akin to Indra in his wrath, has withdrawn.
akṣauhiṇyastathā tisro dhārtarāṣṭrasya saṃhatāḥ। kruddhena narasiṃhena bhīmasenena vāritāḥ ॥8-43-75॥
Three divisions of Dhritarashtra's army were gathered, but the furious Bhimasena, the lion among men, halted them.
sañjaya uvāca॥
Sanjaya said:
bhīmasenena tat karma kṛtaṃ dṛṣṭvā suduṣkaram। arjuno vyadhamacchiṣṭānahitānniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ॥8-43-76॥
Having witnessed the formidable feat accomplished by Bhimasena, Arjuna proceeded to annihilate the remaining foes with his sharp arrows.
te vadhyamānāḥ samare sanśaptakagaṇāḥ prabho। śakratithitāṃ gatvā viśokā hyabhavanmudā ॥8-43-77॥
O lord, the group of warriors sworn to fight, though being slain in battle, found joy and became free from sorrow after receiving the hospitality of Indra.
pārthaśca puruṣavyāghraḥ śaraiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ। jaghāna dhārtarāṣṭrasya caturvidhabalāṁ camūm ॥8-43-78॥
Arjuna, known as the tiger among men, used his arrows with bent joints to destroy the fourfold army of Dhritarashtra.
