12.129
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
क्षीणस्य दीर्घसूत्रस्य सानुक्रोशस्य बन्धुषु। विरक्तपौरराष्ट्रस्य निर्द्रव्यनिचयस्य च ॥१२-१२९-१॥
kṣīṇasya dīrghasūtrasya sānukrośasya bandhuṣu। viraktapaurarāṣṭrasya nirdravyanicayasya ca ॥12-129-1॥
[क्षीणस्य (kṣīṇasya) - of the diminished; दीर्घसूत्रस्य (dīrghasūtrasya) - of the procrastinator; सानुक्रोशस्य (sānukrośasya) - of the compassionate; बन्धुषु (bandhuṣu) - among relatives; विरक्तपौरराष्ट्रस्य (viraktapaurarāṣṭrasya) - of one whose citizens and kingdom are disaffected; निर्द्रव्यनिचयस्य (nirdravyanicayasya) - of one whose accumulation of wealth is exhausted; च (ca) - and;]
(Of the diminished, of the procrastinator, of the compassionate, among relatives, of one whose citizens and kingdom are disaffected, of one whose accumulation of wealth is exhausted, and.)
Of the diminished, the procrastinator, the compassionate, among relatives, of one whose citizens and kingdom are disaffected, and of one whose wealth is exhausted.
परिशङ्कितमुख्यस्य स्रुतमन्त्रस्य भारत। असम्भावितमित्रस्य भिन्नामात्यस्य सर्वशः ॥१२-१२९-२॥
pariśaṅkitamukhyasya srutamantrasya bhārata। asambhāvitamitrasya bhinnāmātyasya sarvaśaḥ ॥12-129-2॥
[परिशङ्कित (pariśaṅkita) - doubted; मुख्यस्य (mukhyasya) - of the chief; स्रुत (sruta) - heard; मन्त्रस्य (mantrasya) - of the counsel; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; असम्भावित (asambhāvita) - not trusted; मित्रस्य (mitrasya) - of the friend; भिन्न (bhinna) - divided; अमात्यस्य (amātyasya) - of the minister; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every way;]
(Of a chief who is doubted, of counsel that is heard, O Bhārata, of a friend not trusted, of a minister divided, in every way.)
O Bhārata, in every way, the chief who is doubted, the counsel that is merely heard, the friend who is not trusted, and the minister who is divided are all unreliable.
परचक्राभियातस्य दुर्बलस्य बलीयसा। आपन्नचेतसो ब्रूहि किं कार्यमवशिष्यते ॥१२-१२९-३॥
paracakrābhiyātasya durbalasya balīyasā। āpannacetaso brūhi kiṃ kāryam avaśiṣyate ॥12-129-3॥
[परचक्राभियातस्य (paracakrābhiyātasya) - of one who is attacked by an enemy force; दुर्बलस्य (durbalasya) - of the weak; बलीयसा (balīyasā) - by the stronger; आपन्नचेतसो (āpannacetaso) - whose mind is afflicted; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; किं (kiṃ) - what; कार्यं (kāryam) - action; अवशिष्यते (avaśiṣyate) - remains;]
(Of one who is attacked by an enemy force, who is weak, by the stronger, whose mind is afflicted, tell what action remains.)
Tell me, when a weak person is attacked by a stronger enemy force and is mentally afflicted, what should be done?
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
बाह्यश्चेद्विजिगीषुः स्याद्धर्मार्थकुशलः शुचिः। जवेन सन्धिं कुर्वीत पूर्वान्पूर्वान्विमोक्षयन् ॥१२-१२९-४॥
bāhyaś ced vijigīṣuḥ syād dharmārthakuśalaḥ śuciḥ। javena sandhiṃ kurvīta pūrvān pūrvān vimokṣayan ॥12-129-4॥
[बाह्यः (bāhyaḥ) - external; चेत् (cet) - if; विजिगीषुः (vijigīṣuḥ) - one desiring to conquer; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; धर्मार्थकुशलः (dharmārthakuśalaḥ) - skilled in dharma and artha; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; जवेन (javena) - with speed; सन्धिम् (sandhim) - alliance; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should make; पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - former (ones); पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - former (ones); विमोक्षयन् (vimokṣayan) - releasing;]
(If the external (enemy) desires to conquer, (he) should be skilled in dharma and artha, pure; with speed, (he) should make alliance, releasing the former (ones).)
If an external enemy wishes to conquer, one should be skilled in dharma and artha, pure, and quickly make alliances, releasing the previous ones.
अधर्मविजिगीषुश्चेद्बलवान्पापनिश्चयः। आत्मनः संनिरोधेन सन्धिं तेनाभियोजयेत् ॥१२-१२९-५॥
adharmavijigīṣuścedbalavānpāpaniścayaḥ। ātmanaḥ saṃnirodhena sandhiṃ tenābhiyojayet ॥12-129-5॥
[अधर्म (adharma) - unrighteousness; विजिगीषुः (vijigīṣuḥ) - one desiring to conquer; चेत् (cet) - if; बलवान् (balavān) - powerful; पाप (pāpa) - evil; निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) - resolved; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; संनिरोधेन (saṃnirodhena) - by restraint; सन्धिम् (sandhim) - peace; तेन (tena) - with him; अभियोजयेत् (abhiyojayet) - should make;]
(If the powerful one, resolved on evil, desires to conquer unrighteousness, one should make peace with him by restraining oneself.)
If a powerful person, intent on evil and seeking to conquer through unrighteousness, arises, one should make peace with him by self-restraint.
अपास्य राजधानीं वा तरेदन्येन वापदम्। तद्भावभावे द्रव्याणि जीवन्पुनरुपार्जयेत् ॥१२-१२९-६॥
apāsya rājadhānīṃ vā tared anyena vā padam। tad-bhāva-abhāve dravyāṇi jīvan punar upārjayet ॥12-129-6॥
[अपास्य (apāsya) - having abandoned; राजधानीम् (rājadhānīm) - capital city; वा (vā) - or; तरेत् (taret) - should cross; अन्येन (anyena) - by another; वा (vā) - or; पदम् (padam) - place; तद्भावभावे (tad-bhāva-abhāve) - in the presence or absence of that; द्रव्याणि (dravyāṇi) - wealth; जीवन् (jīvan) - living; पुनः (punar) - again; उपार्जयेत् (upārjayet) - should acquire;]
(Having abandoned the capital city or should cross to another place. In the presence or absence of that, living, one should again acquire wealth.)
If one must, he should abandon the capital city or move to another place. Whether that is possible or not, he should strive to earn wealth again while living.
यास्तु स्युः केवलत्यागाच्छक्यास्तरितुमापदः। कस्तत्राधिकमात्मानं सन्त्यजेदर्थधर्मवित् ॥१२-१२९-७॥
yāstu syuḥ kevalatyāgācchak yāstaritumāpadaḥ। kastatrādhikamātmānaṃ santyajedarthadharmavit ॥12-129-7॥
[याः (yāḥ) - which (difficulties); तु (tu) - but; स्युः (syuḥ) - may be; केवल (kevala) - only; त्यागात् (tyāgāt) - by abandonment; शक्याः (śakyāḥ) - possible; तरितुम् (taritum) - to cross; आपदः (āpadaḥ) - calamities; कः (kaḥ) - who; तत्र (tatra) - there; अधिकम् (adhikam) - more; आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself; सन्त्यजेत् (santyajet) - would abandon; अर्थधर्मवित् (arthadharmavit) - knower of wealth and righteousness;]
(But which calamities may be possible to cross only by abandonment; who there, knowing wealth and righteousness, would abandon oneself more?)
But as for those calamities that can be overcome merely by renunciation, who there, being wise in wealth and righteousness, would abandon himself even more?
अवरोधाज्जुगुप्सेत का सपत्नधने दया। न त्वेवात्मा प्रदातव्यः शक्ये सति कथञ्चन ॥१२-१२९-८॥
avarodhājjugupseta kā sapatnadhane dayā। na tvevātmā pradātavyaḥ śakye sati kathañcana ॥12-129-8॥
[अवरोधात् (avarodhāt) - from confinement; जुगुप्सेत (jugupseta) - should feel disgust; का (kā) - what; सपत्नधने (sapatnadhane) - in the wealth of a rival; दया (dayā) - compassion; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; एव (eva) - indeed; आत्मा (ātmā) - self; प्रदातव्यः (pradātavyaḥ) - should be given; शक्ये (śakye) - when possible; सति (sati) - being; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way;]
(From confinement, one should feel disgust; what compassion (is there) in the wealth of a rival? But indeed, the self should not be given, when possible, in any way.)
One should feel aversion due to confinement; what compassion is appropriate regarding a rival's wealth? But indeed, the self should never be given away in any way, if it can be avoided.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; (proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (from the root 'vac', to speak);]
(Yudhishthira said;)
Yudhishthira said.
आभ्यन्तरे प्रकुपिते बाह्ये चोपनिपीडिते। क्षीणे कोशे स्रुते मन्त्रे किं कार्यमवशिष्यते ॥१२-१२९-९॥
ābhyantare prakupite bāhye copanipīḍite। kṣīṇe kośe srute mantre kiṃ kāryam avaśiṣyate॥12-129-9॥
[आभ्यन्तरे (ābhyantare) - in the internal; प्रकुपिते (prakupite) - agitated; बाह्ये (bāhye) - in the external; च (ca) - and; उपनिपीडिते (upanipīḍite) - oppressed; क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - diminished; कोशे (kośe) - in the treasury; स्रुते (srute) - lost; मन्त्रे (mantre) - in counsel; किं (kiṃ) - what; कार्यं (kāryam) - action; अवशिष्यते (avaśiṣyate) - remains;]
(When the internal is agitated, the external is oppressed, the treasury is diminished, counsel is lost, what action remains?)
When there is turmoil within, oppression outside, the treasury is depleted, and counsel is lost, what action remains to be done?
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said.
क्षिप्रं वा सन्धिकामः स्यात्क्षिप्रं वा तीक्ष्णविक्रमः। पदापनयनं क्षिप्रमेतावत्साम्परायिकम् ॥१२-१२९-१०॥
kṣipraṃ vā sandhikāmaḥ syāt kṣipraṃ vā tīkṣṇavikramaḥ। padāpanayanaṃ kṣipram etāvat sāmparāyikam॥12-129-10॥
[क्षिप्रं (kṣipram) - quickly; वा (vā) - or; सन्धिकामः (sandhikāmaḥ) - one desiring alliance; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; क्षिप्रं (kṣipram) - quickly; वा (vā) - or; तीक्ष्णविक्रमः (tīkṣṇavikramaḥ) - one of sharp prowess; पदापनयनं (padāpanayanam) - removal of the army; क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly; एतावत् (etāvat) - thus much; साम्परायिकम् (sāmparāyikam) - concerning battle;]
(Quickly or one desiring alliance should be, quickly or one of sharp prowess; removal of the army quickly, thus much concerning battle.)
One should either quickly seek alliance or act with sharp prowess; the swift removal of the army—this is the essential rule in battle.
अनुरक्तेन पुष्टेन हृष्टेन जगतीपते। अल्पेनापि हि सैन्येन महीं जयति पार्थिवः ॥१२-१२९-११॥
anuraktena puṣṭena hṛṣṭena jagatīpate। alpenāpi hi sainyena mahīṃ jayati pārthivaḥ ॥12-129-11॥
[अनुरक्तेन (anuraktena) - with one who is devoted; पुष्टेन (puṣṭena) - with one who is nourished; हृष्टेन (hṛṣṭena) - with one who is delighted; जगतीपते (jagatīpate) - O lord of the earth; अल्पेनापि (alpenāpi) - even with a small (force); हि (hi) - indeed; सैन्येन (sainyena) - with an army; महीं (mahīṃ) - the earth; जयति (jayati) - conquers; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - the king;]
(O lord of the earth, even with a small army, a king who is devoted, nourished, and delighted indeed conquers the earth.)
O king, a ruler who is devoted, well-nourished, and joyful can conquer the earth even with a small army.
हतो वा दिवमारोहेद्विजयी क्षितिमावसेत्। युद्धे तु सन्त्यजन्प्राणाञ्शक्रस्यैति सलोकताम् ॥१२-१२९-१२॥
hato vā divam ārohed vijayī kṣitim āvaset। yuddhe tu santyajan prāṇāñ śakrasya eti salokatām ॥12-129-12॥
[हतः (hataḥ) - slain; वा (vā) - or; दिवम् (divam) - heaven; आरोहेत् (ārohet) - ascends; विजयी (vijayī) - victorious; क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - earth; आवसेत् (āvaset) - dwells; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; तु (tu) - but; सन्त्यजन् (santyajan) - abandoning; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives; शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Indra; एति (eti) - attains; सलोकताम् (salokatām) - the same world;]
(Slain or he ascends to heaven; victorious he dwells on earth. But abandoning life in battle, he attains the same world as Indra.)
If slain, he ascends to heaven; if victorious, he lives on earth. But if he gives up his life in battle, he attains the same world as Indra.
सर्वलोकागमं कृत्वा मृदुत्वं गन्तुमेव च। विश्वासाद्विनयं कुर्याद्व्यवस्येद्वाप्युपानहौ ॥१२-१२९-१३॥
sarvalokāgamaṃ kṛtvā mṛdutvaṃ gantum eva ca। viśvāsād vinayaṃ kuryād vyavasyed vāpy upānahau ॥12-129-13॥
[सर्वलोकागमम् (sarvalokāgamam) - all-people's-approach; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; मृदुत्वम् (mṛdutvam) - gentleness; गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go; एव (eva) - indeed; च (ca) - and; विश्वासात् (viśvāsāt) - from trust; विनयम् (vinayam) - humility; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; व्यवस्येत् (vyavasyet) - should decide; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; उपानहौ (upānahau) - regarding sandals;]
(Having adopted the approach of all people, and indeed gentleness to go; from trust, one should practice humility or should decide also regarding sandals.)
One should, after considering the ways of all people and adopting gentleness, proceed; from trust, one should act with humility or decide even about sandals.
अपक्रमितुमिच्छेद्वा यथाकामं तु सान्त्वयेत्। विलिङ्गमित्वा मित्रेण ततः स्वयमुपक्रमेत् ॥१२-१२९-१४॥
apakramitum icched vā yathākāmaṃ tu sāntvayet। viliṅgam itvā mitreṇa tataḥ svayam upakramet॥12-129-14॥
[अपक्रमितुम् (apakramitum) - to depart; इच्छेत् (icchet) - should wish; वा (vā) - or; यथा (yathā) - as; कामम् (kāmam) - desire; तु (tu) - but; सान्त्वयेत् (sāntvayet) - should conciliate; विलिङ्गम् (viliṅgam) - in disguise; इत्वा (itvā) - having gone; मित्रेण (mitreṇa) - with a friend; ततः (tataḥ) - then; स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself; उपक्रमेत् (upakramet) - should approach;]
(If (he) should wish to depart, or as (he) desires, but (he) should conciliate. Having gone in disguise with a friend, then oneself should approach.)
If he wishes to depart, or as he desires, he should first try to conciliate. Then, having gone in disguise with a friend, he should approach himself.
