13.061

भूमिदानप्रशंसा

bhūmidānapraśaṁsā

[भूमि (bhūmi) - earth; दान (dāna) - gift; donation; प्रशंसा (praśaṁsā) - praise; admiration;]

(earth gift praise;)

Praise of the gift of land.

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (a proper noun, name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (perfect tense, 3rd person singular of √vac, to speak);]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

इदं देयमिदं देयमितीयं श्रुतिचोदना। बहुदेयाश्च राजानः किं स्विद्देयमनुत्तमम् ॥१३-६१-१॥

idaṃ deyam idaṃ deyam iti iyaṃ śruti-codanā। bahu-deyāḥ ca rājānaḥ kiṃ svid deyam anuttamam ॥13-61-1॥

[इदं (idaṃ) - this; देयम् (deyam) - should be given; इदं (idaṃ) - this; देयम् (deyam) - should be given; इति (iti) - thus; इयं (iyaṃ) - this; श्रुतिचोदना (śruti-codanā) - Vedic injunction; बहुदेयाः (bahu-deyāḥ) - many givers; च (ca) - and; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; किं (kiṃ) - what; स्वित् (svid) - indeed; देयम् (deyam) - should be given; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - the best;]

(This should be given, this should be given, thus this Vedic injunction; many givers and kings—what indeed should be given as the best?)

“This should be given, this should be given”—such is this Vedic injunction. Many kings are givers; what, indeed, is the best that should be given? (13-61-1)

भीष्म उवाच॥

bhīṣma uvāca॥

[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Bhīṣma said;)

Bhīṣma said.

अति दानानि सर्वाणि पृथिवीदानमुच्यते। अचला ह्यक्षया भूमिर्दोग्ध्री कामाननुत्तमान् ॥१३-६१-२॥

ati dānāni sarvāṇi pṛthivīdānam ucyate। acalā hi akṣayā bhūmir dogdhṛī kāmān anuttamān ॥13-61-2॥

[अति (ati) - superior; more than; exceeding; दानानि (dānāni) - gifts; donations; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; पृथिवीदानम् (pṛthivīdānam) - gift of land; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called; is said; अचला (acalā) - immovable; unshakable; हि (hi) - indeed; for; अक्षया (akṣayā) - imperishable; inexhaustible; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth; दोग्ध्री (dogdhṛī) - milker; giver; one who fulfills; कामान् (kāmān) - desires; अनुत्तमान् (anuttamān) - unsurpassed; highest;]

(All gifts are called the supreme gift of land. For the immovable, inexhaustible earth is the milker of unsurpassed desires.)

Among all gifts, the gift of land is considered the highest. For the earth, being immovable and inexhaustible, bestows the greatest of all desires. (13-61-2)

दोग्ध्री वासांसि रत्नानि पशून्व्रीहियवांस्तथा। भूमिदः सर्वभूतेषु शाश्वतीरेधते समाः ॥१३-६१-३॥

dogdhrī vāsāṃsi ratnāni paśūn vrīhiyavāṃs tathā। bhūmidaḥ sarvabhūteṣu śāśvatīr edhate samāḥ ॥13-61-3॥

[दोग्ध्री (dogdhrī) - milking cow; dairy cow; milk-yielder; वासांसि (vāsāṃsi) - garments; clothes; रत्नानि (ratnāni) - jewels; gems; पशून् (paśūn) - cattle; animals; व्रीहि-यवान् (vrīhi-yavān) - rice and barley; तथा (tathā) - also; in like manner; भूमिदः (bhūmidaḥ) - land-givers; bestowers of land; सर्वभूतेषु (sarvabhūteṣu) - among all beings; शाश्वतीः (śāśvatīḥ) - everlasting; perpetual; एधते (edhate) - prosper; increase; समाः (samāḥ) - years; ages;]

(The milking cow, garments, jewels, cattle, rice and barley also, land-givers among all beings, everlasting, prosper years.)

A milking cow, garments, jewels, cattle, rice and barley, and likewise, the land-givers among all beings flourish with lasting prosperity through the ages. (13-61-3)

यावद्भूमेरायुरिह तावद्भूमिद एधते। न भूमिदानादस्तीह परं किञ्चिद्युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-६१-४॥

yāvad bhūmer āyur iha tāvad bhūmida edhate। na bhūmidaānād asti iha paraṃ kiñcid yudhiṣṭhira॥13-61-4॥

[यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; भूमेः (bhūmeḥ) - of earth; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; इह (iha) - here; तावत् (tāvat) - that long; भूमिदः (bhūmidaḥ) - giver of land; एधते (edhate) - prospers; न (na) - not; भूमिदानात् (bhūmidaānāt) - from gift of land; अस्ति (asti) - there is; इह (iha) - here; परम् (param) - greater; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(As long as is the lifespan of the earth here, that long the giver of land prospers. From the gift of land, here, there is nothing greater, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)

The giver of land prospers as long as the earth endures; here, there is nothing greater than the gift of land, O Yudhiṣṭhira. (13-61-4)

अप्यल्पं प्रददुः पूर्वे पृथिव्या इति नः श्रुतम्। भूमिमेते ददुः सर्वे ये भूमिं भुञ्जते जनाः ॥१३-६१-५॥

apy-alpaṃ pradaduḥ pūrve pṛthivyā iti naḥ śrutam। bhūmim-ete daduḥ sarve ye bhūmiṃ bhuñjate janāḥ॥13-61-5॥

[अपि-अल्पं (api-alpam) - even a little; प्रददुः (pradaduḥ) - they gave; पूर्वे (pūrve) - the former (ones); पृथिव्या (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth; इति (iti) - thus; नः (naḥ) - to us; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard; भूमिम्-एते (bhūmim-ete) - the earth these; ददुः (daduḥ) - gave; सर्वे (sarve) - all; ये (ye) - who; भूमिं (bhūmim) - the earth; भुञ्जते (bhuñjate) - enjoy; जनाः (janāḥ) - people;]

(Even a little, the former (ones) gave of the earth; thus to us has been heard. The earth, these gave, all who the earth enjoy, people. (13-61-5))

We have heard that the people of former times gave away even a little portion of the earth; all those who enjoy the earth have given the earth. (13-61-5)

स्वकर्मैवोपजीवन्ति नरा इह परत्र च। भूमिर्भूतिर्महादेवी दातारं कुरुते प्रियम् ॥१३-६१-६॥

svakarmaiva-upajīvanti narā iha paratra ca। bhūmirbhūtirmahādevī dātāraṃ kurute priyam ॥13-61-6॥

[स्वकर्मैव (svakarma eva) - by one's own actions indeed; उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - subsist; live upon; नराः (narāḥ) - men; इह (iha) - here; परत्र (paratra) - hereafter; in the next world; च (ca) - and; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; भूतिः (bhūtiḥ) - prosperity; wealth; महादेवी (mahādevī) - the great goddess; दातारम् (dātāram) - giver; donor; कुरुते (kurute) - makes; renders; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; beloved;]

(By one's own actions indeed men subsist here and hereafter and earth, prosperity, the great goddess makes the giver dear.)

Men live by their own actions both here and in the hereafter, and the earth, prosperity, and the great goddess make the donor dear. (13-61-6)

य एतां दक्षिणां दद्यादक्षयां पृथिवीपतिः। पुनर्नरत्वं सम्प्राप्य भवेत्स पृथिवीपतिः ॥१३-६१-७॥

ya etāṃ dakṣiṇāṃ dadyād akṣayāṃ pṛthivīpatiḥ. punar naratvaṃ samprāpya bhavet sa pṛthivīpatiḥ ॥13-61-7॥

[य (ya) - who; एतां (etām) - this; दक्षिणां (dakṣiṇām) - gift; दद्याद् (dadyāt) - should give; अक्षयाम् (akṣayām) - imperishable; पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king; पुनः (punar) - again; नरत्वम् (naratvam) - human state; सम्प्राप्य (samprāpya) - having attained; भवेत् (bhavet) - would become; सः (saḥ) - he; पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king;]

(Who this gift should give, imperishable, king. Again human state having attained, would become he king.)

Whoever, being a king, gives this imperishable gift, having attained human birth again, he would become a king. (13-61-7)

यथा दानं तथा भोग इति धर्मेषु निश्चयः। सङ्ग्रामे वा तनुं जह्याद्दद्याद्वा पृथिवीमिमाम् ॥१३-६१-८॥

yathā dānaṁ tathā bhoga iti dharmeṣu niścayaḥ। saṅgrāme vā tanuṁ jahyāddadyādvā pṛthivīmimām ॥13-61-8॥

[यथा (yathā) (yathā) - just as; दानं (dānam) (dānam) - giving; तथा (tathā) (tathā) - just so; in like manner; भोग (bhoga) (bhoga) - enjoyment; इति (iti) (iti) - thus; so; धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) (dharmeṣu) - among dharmas (righteous duties); निश्चयः (niścayaḥ) (niścayaḥ) - decision; certainty; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) (saṅgrāme) - in battle; वा (vā) (vā) - or; तनुं (tanuṁ) (tanuṁ) - body; जह्यात् (jahyāt) (jahyāt) - one may abandon; दद्याद् (dadyād) (dadyād) - one may give; वा (vā) (vā) - or; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) (pṛthivīm) - the earth; इमाम् (imām) (imām) - this;]

(Just as giving, so is enjoyment—thus, among duties, is the decision. In battle or, one may abandon the body, or one may give this earth.)

Just as giving and enjoyment are declared equal among righteous duties: in battle, one may either sacrifice the body or bestow this earth. (13-61-8)

इत्येतां क्षत्रबन्धूनां वदन्ति परमाशिषम्। पुनाति दत्ता पृथिवी दातारमिति शुश्रुम ॥१३-६१-९॥

ityetāṃ kṣatrabandhūnāṃ vadanti paramāśiṣam. punāti dattā pṛthivī dātāramiti śuśruma ॥13-61-9॥

[इति (iti) - thus; एताम् (etām) - this; क्षत्रबन्धूनाम् (kṣatrabandhūnām) - of kṣatriya relatives; वदन्ति (vadanti) - they speak; परमाशिषम् (paramāśiṣam) - supreme blessing; पुनाति (punāti) - purifies; दत्ता (dattā) - when given; पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - the earth; दाता (dātāram) - the giver; इति (iti) - thus; शुश्रुम (śuśruma) - we have heard;]

(Thus this, of the kṣatriya relatives, they speak (as) the supreme blessing. The earth, when given, purifies the giver—thus we have heard.)

Thus, this is said to be the highest blessing for the kṣatriya kin: 'the earth, when given, purifies the giver'—so we have heard. (13-61-9)

अपि पापसमाचारं ब्रह्मघ्नमपि वानृतम्। सैव पापं पावयति सैव पापात्प्रमोचयेत् ॥१३-६१-१०॥

api pāpasamācāraṃ brahma-ghnam api vā anṛtam। saiva pāpaṃ pāvayati saiva pāpāt pramocayet ॥13-61-10॥

[अपि (api) - even; also; पापसमाचारं (pāpa-samācāram) - evil conduct; sinful action; ब्रह्मघ्नम् (brahma-ghnam) - killer of a Brāhmaṇa; slayer of Brahman; अपि (api) - even; also; वा (vā) - or; अनृतम् (anṛtam) - falsehood; untruth; सा (sā) - she; that; एव (eva) - indeed; only; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; evil; पावयति (pāvayati) - purifies; cleanses; सा (sā) - she; that; एव (eva) - indeed; only; पापात् (pāpāt) - from sin; प्रमोचयेत् (pramocayet) - may liberate; releases;]

(Even sinful conduct, or even the slayer of a Brāhmaṇa, or even untruth—she alone purifies sin, she alone may release from sin.)

Even someone of sinful conduct, a killer of a Brāhmaṇa, or a liar—she alone purifies sins and she alone can liberate from sin. (13-61-10)

अपि पापकृतां राज्ञां प्रतिगृह्णन्ति साधवः। पृथिवीं नान्यदिच्छन्ति पावनं जननी यथा ॥१३-६१-११॥

api pāpakṛtāṃ rājñāṃ pratigṛhṇanti sādhavaḥ। pṛthivīṃ nānyadicchanti pāvanaṃ jananī yathā॥13-61-11॥

[अपि (api) - indeed; पापकृताम् (pāpakṛtām) - of the evil-doers; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; प्रतिगृह्णन्ति (pratigṛhṇanti) - accept; साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - the virtuous; पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth; न (na) - not; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire; पावनम् (pāvanam) - purifier; जननी (jananī) - mother; यथा (yathā) - just as;]

(Indeed, the virtuous accept from evil-doer kings; the earth they do not desire anything other (than), as (it is) a purifier just like a mother.)

Indeed, the virtuous do accept gifts from sinful kings; they desire nothing other than the earth, for it is a purifier just as a mother is. (13-61-11)

नामास्याः प्रियदत्तेति गुह्यं देव्याः सनातनम्। दानं वाप्यथ वा ज्ञानं नाम्नोऽस्याः परमं प्रियम् ॥ तस्मात्प्राप्यैव पृथिवीं दद्याद्विप्राय पार्थिवः ॥१३-६१-१२॥

nāmāsyāḥ priyadatteti guhyaṃ devyāḥ sanātanam। dānaṃ vāpyatha vā jñānaṃ nāmno'syāḥ paramaṃ priyam ॥ tasmātprāpyaiva pṛthivīṃ dadyādviprāya pārthivaḥ ॥13-61-12॥

[नाम (nāma) - name; अस्या (asyāḥ) - of her; प्रियदत्ते (priyadatte) - Priyadattā; इति (iti) - thus; गुह्यं (guhyam) - secret; देव्याः (devyāḥ) - of the goddess; सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal; दानं (dānam) - gift; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; अथ (atha) - or; वा (vā) - or; ज्ञानं (jñānam) - knowledge; नाम्नः (nāmnaḥ) - of the name; अस्या (asyāḥ) - of her; परमं (paramam) - supreme; प्रियम् (priyam) - dear; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; एव (eva) - indeed; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīm) - earth; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; विप्राय (viprāya) - to a Brāhmaṇa; पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king;]

(The name of her is "Priyadattā"—the secret, eternal of the goddess. Gift or also or knowledge—of this name the most dear. Therefore, having obtained the earth indeed, the king should give to a Brāhmaṇa.)

The name of her is "Priyadattā", which is an eternal secret of the goddess. The gift or the knowledge related to this name is most dear to her. Therefore, having attained the earth, the king should give it to a Brāhmaṇa. (13-61-12)

नाभूमिपतिना भूमिरधिष्ठेया कथञ्चन। न वा पात्रेण वा गूहेदन्तर्धानेन वा चरेत् ॥ ये चान्ये भूमिमिच्छेयुः कुर्युरेवमसंशयम् ॥१३-६१-१३॥

nābhūmipatinā bhūmiradhiṣṭheyā kathañcana। na vā pātreṇa vā gūhe dantardhānena vā caret ॥ ye ca anye bhūmim iccheyuḥ kur-yuḥ evaṃ asaṃśayam ॥13-61-13॥

[न (na) - not; भूमिपतिना (bhūmipatinā) - by the lord of the land; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the land; अधिष्ठेया (adhiṣṭheyā) - should be governed; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or; पात्रेण (pātreṇa) - by a vessel; वा (vā) - or; गूहेत् (gūhet) - should conceal; अन्तर्धानेन (antardhānena) - by disappearance; वा (vā) - or; चरेत् (caret) - should act; ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; अन्ये (anye) - others; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; इच्छेयुः (iccheyuḥ) - might desire; कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - should do; एवम् (evam) - like this; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt;]

(Not by the lord of the land should the land be governed in any way; nor by a vessel or by concealment, or by disappearance should one act. Those who are others who might desire land, should do like this, without doubt. (13-61-13))

The land should not be governed in any way by the lord of the land; nor should one act by means of a vessel, or by concealment, or disappearance. Those others who might seek land should also do likewise, without doubt. (13-61-13)

यः साधोर्भूमिमादत्ते न भूमिं विन्दते तु सः। भूमिं तु दत्त्वा साधुभ्यो विन्दते भूमिमेव हि ॥ प्रेत्येह च स धर्मात्मा सम्प्राप्नोति महद्यशः ॥१३-६१-१४॥

yaḥ sādhor bhūmim ādattē na bhūmiṁ vindatē tu saḥ। bhūmiṁ tu dattvā sādhubhyo vindatē bhūmim eva hi॥ prētyēha ca sa dharmātmā samprāpnōti mahad yaśaḥ॥13-61-14॥

[यः (yaḥ) - who; साधोः (sādhoḥ) - of a virtuous person; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; आदत्ते (ādattē) - takes; न (na) - not; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; विन्दते (vindatē) - obtains; तु (tu) - but; सः (saḥ) - he; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; तु (tu) - but; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; साधुभ्यः (sādhubhyaḥ) - to the virtuous; विन्दते (vindatē) - obtains; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; एव (eva) - indeed; हि (hi) - certainly; प्रेत्य (prētya) - having departed (after death); इह (iha) - here (in this world); च (ca) - and; सः (saḥ) - he; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous soul; सम्प्राप्नोति (samprāpnōti) - attains; महत् (mahat) - great; यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame;]

(Who takes land of a virtuous person does not obtain land, but he; but having given land to the virtuous obtains land indeed certainly. Having departed and here, he, the righteous soul, attains great fame. (13-61-14))

He who takes the land of a virtuous person does not truly gain the land; but he who gives land to the virtuous certainly obtains land. After death and here in this world, that righteous soul attains great fame. (13-61-14)

यस्य विप्रानुशासन्ति साधोर्भूमिं सदैव हि। न तस्य शत्रवो राजन्प्रशासन्ति वसुन्धराम् ॥१३-६१-१५॥

yasya viprānuśāsanti sādhor bhūmiṁ sadaiva hi। na tasya śatravo rājan praśāsanti vasundharām ॥13-61-15॥

[यस्य (yasya) - of whom; विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brāhmaṇas; अनुशासन्ति (anuśāsanti) - instruct; govern; साधोः (sādhoḥ) - of the virtuous; of the good; भूमिं (bhūmiṁ) - the earth; land; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; हि (hi) - indeed; न (na) - not; तस्य (tasya) - of him; his; शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies; राजन् (rājan) - O king; प्रशासन्ति (praśāsanti) - rule; govern; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - earth; the bearer of wealth;]

(Of whom Brāhmaṇas always indeed govern the land of the virtuous, not his enemies, O king, rule the earth.)

O king, the enemies of one whose land the Brāhmaṇas always indeed govern for the virtuous, do not rule the earth. (13-61-15)

यत्किञ्चित्पुरुषः पापं कुरुते वृत्तिकर्शितः। अपि गोचर्ममात्रेण भूमिदानेन पूयते ॥१३-६१-१६॥

yatkiñcit puruṣaḥ pāpaṃ kurute vṛttikarśitaḥ। api gocarmamātreṇa bhūmidānena pūyate॥13-61-16॥

[यत्किञ्चित् (yatkiñcit) - whatever (little); पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; person; पापं (pāpaṃ) - sin; कुरुते (kurute) - does; वृत्तिकर्शितः (vṛttikarśitaḥ) - afflicted by livelihood; अपि (api) - even; also; गोचर्ममात्रेण (gocarmamātreṇa) - by (the gift of land) merely the size of a cowhide; भूमिदानेन (bhūmidānena) - by the gift of land; पूयते (pūyate) - is purified;]

(Whatever little sin a man who is afflicted by livelihood does, even by the gift of land merely the size of a cowhide, is purified.)

Whatever small sin a person afflicted for a living may have committed, he is purified even by gifting land as much as a cowhide. (13-61-16)

येऽपि सङ्कीर्णकर्माणो राजानो रौद्रकर्मिणः। तेभ्यः पवित्रमाख्येयं भूमिदानमनुत्तमम् ॥१३-६१-१७॥

ye'pi saṅkīrṇakarmāṇo rājāno raudrakarmiṇaḥ। tebhyaḥ pavitram ākhyeyaṁ bhūmidānam anuttamam॥13-61-17॥

[येऽपि (ye'pi) - those also;’ सङ्कीर्णकर्माणः (saṅkīrṇakarmāṇaḥ) - mixed-actioned; performing impure deeds; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; रौद्रकर्मिणः (raudrakarmiṇaḥ) - performers of cruel acts; तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - for them; to those; पवित्रम् (pavitram) - purifying; holy; आख्येयम् (ākhyeyam) - is to be declared; to be told; भूमिदानम् (bhūmidānam) - gift of land; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed; the highest;]

(Those also mixed-actioned kings, performers of cruel acts; for them, the purifying is to be declared, gift of land unsurpassed.)

Even those kings who perform impure or cruel deeds—among them, the unsurpassed purifying act to be declared is the gift of land. (13-61-17)

अल्पान्तरमिदं शश्वत्पुराणा मेनिरे जनाः। यो यजेदश्वमेधेन दद्याद्वा साधवे महीम् ॥१३-६१-१८॥

alpāntaram idaṁ śaśvat purāṇā menire janāḥ। yo yajed aśvamedhena dadyād vā sādhave mahīm॥13-61-18॥

[अल्पान्तरम् (alpāntaram) - little difference; इदं (idaṁ) - this; शश्वत् (śaśvat) - always; पुराणा (purāṇāḥ) - ancient ones; मेनिरे (menire) - considered; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; यः (yaḥ) - who; यजेत् (yajet) - might perform sacrifice; अश्वमेधेन (aśvamedhena) - with the aśvamedha (horse-sacrifice); दद्यात् (dadyāt) - might give; वा (vā) - or; साधवे (sādhave) - to the virtuous one; महीम् (mahīm) - earth;]

(Little difference this always the ancient ones considered, people. Who might perform sacrifice with the aśvamedha or might give earth to the virtuous one.)

The ancient people always considered this to be a slight difference: whether one performs the aśvamedha (horse-sacrifice) or gives the earth to a virtuous person. (13-61-18)

अपि चेत्सुकृतं कृत्वा शङ्केरन्नपि पण्डिताः। अशक्यमेकमेवैतद्भूमिदानमनुत्तमम् ॥१३-६१-१९॥

api cet sukṛtaṃ kṛtvā śaṅkerann api paṇḍitāḥ। aśakyam ekam eva etad bhūmidānam anuttamam ॥13-61-19॥

[अपि (api) - even; चेत् (cet) - if; सुकृतं (sukṛtam) - good deed; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; शङ्केरन् (śaṅkeran) - they might doubt; अपि (api) - even; पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - wise men; अशक्यम् (aśakyam) - impossible; एकम् (ekam) - one; एव (eva) - indeed; एतत् (etat) - this; भूमिदानम् (bhūmidānam) - gift of land; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed;]

(Even if having performed a good deed, even the wise might doubt; this one thing alone is impossible—gift of land, unsurpassed.)

Even if wise men doubt after performing good deeds, there is one thing indeed which is impossible—this unsurpassed gift of land. (13-61-19)

सुवर्णं रजतं वस्त्रं मणिमुक्तावसूनि च। सर्वमेतन्महाप्राज्ञ ददाति वसुधां ददत् ॥१३-६१-२०॥

suvarṇam rajatam vastram maṇi-muktāvasūni ca। sarvam etan mahāprājña dadāti vasudhām dadat॥13-61-20॥

[सुवर्णं (suvarṇam) - gold; रजतं (rajatam) - silver; वस्त्रं (vastram) - cloth; मणिमुक्तावसूनि (maṇi-muktāvasūni) - gems, pearls, riches; च (ca) - and; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; एतत् (etat) - this; महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth; ददत् (dadat) - giving;]

(Gold, silver, cloth, gems, pearls, riches and all this, O greatly wise, gives when giving the earth.)

O greatly wise one, whoever gives away the earth gives gold, silver, cloth, gems, pearls, riches, and all these things. (13-61-20)

तपो यज्ञः श्रुतं शीलमलोभः सत्यसन्धता। गुरुदैवतपूजा च नातिवर्तन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-२१॥

tapo yajñaḥ śrutaṃ śīlamalobhaḥ satyasandhatā। gurudaivatapūjā ca nātivartanti bhūmidam ॥13-61-21॥

[तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - sacrifice; श्रुतम् (śrutam) - Vedic learning; शीलम् (śīlam) - character; अलोभः (alobhaḥ) - non-greed; सत्यसन्धता (satyasandhatā) - truthfulness; गुरुदैवतपूजा (gurudaivatapūjā) - worship of teacher and deity; च (ca) - and; नातिवर्तन्ति (nātivartanti) - do not surpass; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - the giver of land;]

(Austerity, sacrifice, Vedic learning, character, non-greed, truthfulness, worship of teacher and deity and do not surpass the giver of land.)

Austerity, sacrifice, Vedic learning, good character, absence of greed, truthfulness, and worship of the teacher and the divine—all these virtues do not surpass the giver of land. (13-61-21)

भर्तुर्निःश्रेयसे युक्तास्त्यक्तात्मानो रणे हताः। ब्रह्मलोकगताः सिद्धा नातिक्रामन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-२२॥

bhartur-niḥśreyase yuktās tyaktātmāno raṇe hatāḥ। brahmalokagatāḥ siddhā nātikrāmanti bhūmidam ॥13-61-22॥

[भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the lord; निःश्रेयसे (niḥśreyase) - for the ultimate good; युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - engaged; त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - having abandoned self; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; हताः (hatāḥ) - slain; ब्रह्मलोकगताः (brahmalokagatāḥ) - having obtained Brahmaloka; सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected; न (na) - not; अतिक्रामन्ति (atikrāmanti) - transgress; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - this earth;]

(Of the lord, for the ultimate good, engaged, having abandoned self, in battle slain; having obtained Brahmaloka, perfected, not transgress this earth.)

Those who, engaged for the lord's highest good and having abandoned self, are slain in battle—having attained Brahmaloka, these perfected souls do not return to this earth. (13-61-22)

यथा जनित्री क्षीरेण स्वपुत्रं भरते सदा। अनुगृह्णाति दातारं तथा सर्वरसैर्मही ॥१३-६१-२३॥

yathā janitrī kṣīreṇa svaputraṃ bharate sadā। anugṛhṇāti dātāraṃ tathā sarvarasair mahī ॥13-61-23॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; जनित्री (janitrī) - mother; क्षीरेण (kṣīreṇa) - with milk; स्वपुत्रं (svaputram) - her own son; भरते (bharate) - nourishes; सदा (sadā) - always; अनुगृह्णाति (anugṛhṇāti) - favors; दाता‍रं (dātāraṃ) - the giver; तथा (tathā) - so; सर्वरसैः (sarvarasaiḥ) - with all sap (juices); मही (mahī) - earth;]

(Just as the mother always nourishes her own son with milk, so the earth favors the giver with all saps.)

Just as a mother always nourishes her own son with milk, so the earth favors the giver with all its resources. (13-61-23)

मृत्योर्वै किङ्करो दण्डस्तापो वह्नेः सुदारुणः। घोराश्च वारुणाः पाशा नोपसर्पन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-२४॥

mṛtyor vai kiṅkaro daṇḍas tāpo vahneḥ sudāruṇaḥ। ghorāś ca vāruṇāḥ pāśā nopasarpanti bhūmidam॥13-61-24॥

[मृत्युः (mṛtyoḥ) - of death; वै (vai) - indeed; किङ्करः (kiṅkaraḥ) - servant; दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment; तापः (tāpaḥ) - torment; वह्नेः (vahneḥ) - of fire; सुदारुणः (sudāruṇaḥ) - very terrible; घोराः (ghorāḥ) - terrible; च (ca) - and; वारुणाः (vāruṇāḥ) - of Varuṇa; पाशाः (pāśāḥ) - nooses; न (na) - not; उपसर्पन्ति (upasarpanti) - approach; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - the giver of land;]

(Of death indeed the servant punishment; torment of fire very terrible; terrible and of Varuṇa nooses not approach the giver of land.)

Indeed, the punishments inflicted by the servant of Death, the severe torments of fire, and the terrible nooses of Varuṇa do not approach the giver of land. (13-61-24)

पितॄंश्च पितृलोकस्थान्देवलोके च देवताः। सन्तर्पयति शान्तात्मा यो ददाति वसुन्धराम् ॥१३-६१-२५॥

pitṝṁś ca pitṛlokasthān devaloke ca devatāḥ. santarpayati śāntātmā yo dadāti vasundharām ॥13-61-25॥

[पितॄन् (pitṝn) - (the) ancestors; च (ca) - and; पितृलोकस्थान् (pitṛlokasthān) - those residing in the world of the ancestors; देवलोके (devaloke) - in the abode of the gods; च (ca) - and; देवताः (devatāḥ) - the deities; सन्तर्पयति (santarpayati) - satisfies; शान्तात्मा (śāntātmā) - one of tranquil mind; यः (yaḥ) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth (land; gift of land);]

(The one of tranquil mind who gives the earth satisfies the ancestors and those residing in the world of the ancestors, and the deities in the abode of the gods.)

He of tranquil mind who gifts the earth satisfies both ancestors dwelling in their world and the gods in the gods' realm. (13-61-25)

कृशाय म्रियमाणाय वृत्तिम्लानाय सीदते। भूमिं वृत्तिकरीं दत्त्वा सत्री भवति मानवः ॥१३-६१-२६॥

kṛśāya mriyamāṇāya vṛttimlānāya sīdate। bhūmiṃ vṛttikarīṃ dattvā satrī bhavati mānavaḥ॥13-61-26॥

[कृशाय (kṛśāya) - to the emaciated one; म्रियमाणाय (mriyamāṇāya) - to the dying one; वृत्तिम्लानाय (vṛttimlānāya) - to the one whose means of living is waning; सीदते (sīdate) - who is languishing; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - land; वृत्तिकरीं (vṛttikarīṃ) - providing livelihood; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; सत्री (satrī) - generous; भवति (bhavati) - (he) becomes; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being;]

(To the emaciated, to the dying, to the one whose means of living is waning, who is languishing, land providing livelihood having given, generous becomes a human.)

When a person gives land that provides sustenance to someone emaciated, dying, and depleted of means and who is languishing, that person becomes generous and truly human. (13-61-26)

यथा धावति गौर्वत्सं क्षीरमभ्युत्सृजन्त्युत। एवमेव महाभाग भूमिर्भवति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-२७॥

yathā dhāvati gaur vatsam kṣīram abhyutsṛjanty uta। evam eva mahābhāga bhūmir bhavati bhūmidam॥13-61-27॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; धावति (dhāvati) - runs; गौः (gauḥ) - cow; वत्सम् (vatsam) - to calf; क्षीरम् (kṣīram) - milk; अभ्युत्सृजन्ति (abhyutsṛjanti) - lets flow forth; उत (uta) - indeed; एवम् (evam) - in this way; एव (eva) - exactly; महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - the earth; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - giving to the land;]

(Just as the cow runs to the calf letting the milk flow forth indeed, in this way exactly, O greatly fortunate one, the earth becomes giving to the land.)

Just as a cow runs to her calf and lets her milk flow forth, in the same way, O greatly fortunate one, the earth becomes generous towards the giver of land. (13-61-27)

हलकृष्टां महीं दत्त्वा सबीजां सफलामपि। उदीर्णं वापि शरणं तथा भवति कामदः ॥१३-६१-२८॥

halakṛṣṭāṃ mahīṃ dattvā sabījāṃ saphalām api। udīrṇaṃ vā api śaraṇaṃ tathā bhavati kāmadaḥ ॥13-61-28॥

[हलकृष्टाम् (halakṛṣṭām) - ploughed; महीं (mahīṃ) - earth; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; सबीजाम् (sabījām) - with seeds; सफलाम् (saphalām) - fruitful; अपि (api) - even; उदीर्णम् (udīrṇam) - arisen; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge; तथा (tathā) - so; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; कामदः (kāmadaḥ) - wish-granting;]

(Having given (donated) ploughed earth with seeds, even fruitful (land), or even an arisen refuge, thus becomes wish-granting.)

Donating ploughed land with seeds, or even fruitful land, or even an established place of refuge becomes wish-granting. (13-61-28)

ब्राह्मणं वृत्तसम्पन्नमाहिताग्निं शुचिव्रतम्। नरः प्रतिग्राह्य महीं न याति यमसादनम् ॥१३-६१-२९॥

brāhmaṇaṃ vṛttasampannam āhitāgniṃ śucivratam। naraḥ pratigrāhya mahīṃ na yāti yamasādanam॥13-61-29॥

[ब्राह्मणं (brāhmaṇam) - a brāhmaṇa; वृत्तसम्पन्नम् (vṛttasampannam) - endowed with good conduct; आहिताग्निम् (āhitāgnim) - who has established the sacred fires; शुचिव्रतम् (śucivratam) - of pure vow; नरः (naraḥ) - a man; प्रतिग्राह्य (pratigrāhya) - having caused to accept; महीम् (mahīm) - the earth (land); न (na) - not; याति (yāti) - goes; यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to the abode of Yama;]

(A brāhmaṇa, endowed with good conduct, who has established the sacred fires, of pure vow; a man, having caused (him) to accept the earth, does not go to the abode of Yama.)

One who gives land to a brāhmaṇa of good conduct, who has established the sacred fires and is of pure vow, does not go to the abode of Yama. (13-61-29)

यथा चन्द्रमसो वृद्धिरहन्यहनि जायते। तथा भूमिकृतं दानं सस्ये सस्ये विवर्धते ॥१३-६१-३०॥

yathā candramaso vṛddhir ahan-y ahani jāyate। tathā bhūmi-kṛtaṃ dānaṃ sasye sasye vivardhate॥13-61-30॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; चन्द्रमसो (candramasaḥ) - of the moon; वृद्धिः (vṛddhiḥ) - increase; अहनि अहनि (ahanī ahanī) - day by day; जायते (jāyate) - is born; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; भूमि-कृतं (bhūmi-kṛtam) - given to the earth; दानं (dānam) - gift; सस्ये सस्ये (sasye sasye) - in each crop; विवर्धते (vivardhate) - grows;]

(Just as of the moon increase day by day is born, in the same way, a gift given to the earth in each crop grows.)

Just as the increase of the moon is born day by day, in the same way, a gift given to the earth grows in every crop. (13-61-30)

अत्र गाथा भूमिगीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः। याः श्रुत्वा जामदग्न्येन दत्ता भूः काश्यपाय वै ॥१३-६१-३१॥

atra gāthā bhūmīgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ। yāḥ śrutvā jāmadagnyena dattā bhūḥ kāśyapāya vai॥13-61-31॥

[अत्र (atra) - here; गाथा (gāthā) - verses; भूमिगीताः (bhūmīgītāḥ) - songs about the earth; कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - recite; proclaim; पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - those who know ancient (things); sages; याः (yāḥ) - which; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; जामदग्न्येन (jāmadagnyena) - by Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma); दत्ता (dattā) - was given; भूः (bhūḥ) - land; काश्यपाय (kāśyapāya) - to Kāśyapa; वै (vai) - indeed;]

(Here, the verses called Bhūmīgītāḥ the sages who know the ancient (stories) recite. Which, having heard, the land was given by Jāmadagnya to Kāśyapa indeed.)

Here, the sages who know ancient tales recite verses called Bhūmīgītāḥ. Upon hearing these, Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma) indeed gave the land to Kāśyapa. (13-61-31)

मामेवादत्त मां दत्त मां दत्त्वा मामवाप्स्यथ। अस्मिँल्लोके परे चैव ततश्चाजनने पुनः ॥१३-६१-३२॥

māmeva-adatta māṃ datta māṃ dattvā mām avāpsyatha। asmin loke pare ca eva tataḥ ca ajanane punaḥ ॥13-61-32॥

[मामेव (mām eva) - me only; only me; अदत्त (adatta) - not given; माम् (mām) - me; दत्त (datta) - give; माम् (mām) - me; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given; माम् (mām) - me; अवाप्स्यथ (avāpsyatha) - you will obtain; अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this; लोके (loke) - world; परे (pare) - in the next; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ततः (tataḥ) - then; च (ca) - and; अजनने (ajanane) - at (re)birth; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]

(Only to me not given, me give; having given me, me you will obtain. In this world and indeed in the next, then and at (re)birth again.)

If you do not give to me only, give to me; having given me, you will obtain me—both in this world and in the next, and then again at (re)birth. (13-61-32)

य इमां व्याहृतिं वेद ब्राह्मणो ब्रह्मसंश्रितः। श्राद्धस्य हूयमानस्य ब्रह्मभूयं स गच्छति ॥१३-६१-३३॥

ya imāṃ vyāhṛtiṃ veda brāhmaṇo brahma-saṃśritaḥ। śrāddhasya hūyamānasya brahmabhūyaṃ sa gacchati ॥13-61-33॥

[य (ya) - who; इमां (imām) - this; व्याहृतिं (vyāhṛtiṃ) - sacred utterance; वेद (veda) - knows; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brāhmaṇa; ब्रह्मसंश्रितः (brahma-saṃśritaḥ) - one who is devoted to Brahman; श्राद्धस्य (śrāddhasya) - of śrāddha (ancestral rite); हूयमानस्य (hūyamānasya) - being offered in oblation; ब्रह्मभूयम् (brahmabhūyam) - Brahman-state; स (sa) - he; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes;]

(Who this sacred utterance knows, Brāhmaṇa devoted to Brahman, of śrāddha being offered (in oblation) Brahman-state he goes.)

He who, being a Brāhmaṇa devoted to Brahman, knows this sacred utterance—when the śrāddha is being offered—he attains the state of Brahman. (13-61-33)

कृत्यानामभिशस्तानां दुरिष्टशमनं महत्। प्रायश्चित्तमहं कृत्वा पुनात्युभयतो दश ॥१३-६१-३४॥

kṛtyānām-abhiśastānāṃ duriṣṭa-śamanaṃ mahat। prāyaścittam ahaṃ kṛtvā punāti ubhayato daśa ॥13-61-34॥

[कृत्यानाम् (kṛtyānām) - of deeds; अभिशस्तानाम् (abhiśastānām) - of the cursed; दुरिष्टशमनम् (duriṣṭaśamanam) - evil-calming; महत् (mahat) - great; प्रायश्चित्तम् (prāyaścittam) - atonement; अहम् (aham) - I; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; पुनाति (punāti) - purifies; उभयतः (ubhayataḥ) - on both sides; दश (daśa) - ten;]

(Of deeds, of the cursed, great evil-calming (is) atonement; I, having done (it), purifies ten on both sides.)

Great atonement for evil deeds and the cursed calms evil; having performed it, I purify ten on both sides. (13-61-34)

पुनाति य इदं वेद वेद चाहं तथैव च। प्रकृतिः सर्वभूतानां भूमिर्वै शाश्वती मता ॥१३-६१-३५॥

punāti ya idaṃ veda veda cāhaṃ tathaiva ca। prakṛtiḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ bhūmirvai śāśvatī matā ॥13-61-35॥

[पुनाति (punāti) - purifies; यः (yaḥ) - who; इदं (idaṃ) - this; वेद (veda) - knows; वेद (veda) - Veda; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; च (ca) - and; प्रकृतिः (prakṛtiḥ) - nature; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; वै (vai) - indeed; शाश्वती (śāśvatī) - eternal; मता (matā) - is regarded;]

(Purifies who this knows, Veda and I likewise and. Nature of all beings, earth indeed eternal is regarded.)

He who knows this purifies; likewise, I know the Veda. The earth is regarded as the eternal nature of all beings. (13-61-35)

अभिषिच्यैव नृपतिं श्रावयेदिममागमम्। यथा श्रुत्वा महीं दद्यान्नादद्यात्साधुतश्च ताम् ॥१३-६१-३६॥

abhiṣicyaiva nṛpatiṁ śrāvayedimamāgamam। yathā śrutvā mahīṁ dadyānnādad yātsādhutaśca tām ॥13-61-36॥

[अभिषिच्य (abhiṣicya) - having anointed; एव (eva) - indeed; नृपतिं (nṛpatiṁ) - king; श्रावयेत् (śrāvayet) - should cause to hear; इमम् (imam) - this; आगमम् (āgamam) - scripture; यथा (yathā) - so that; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; महीं (mahīṁ) - earth; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give; न (na) - not; आदद्यात् (ādad yāt) - should take; साधुतः (sādhutaḥ) - righteously; च (ca) - and; ताम् (tām) - her (the earth);]

(Having anointed indeed the king, should cause this scripture to be heard, so that, having heard, earth he should give, not should he take, righteously and her.)

After anointing the king, he should have this scripture recited to him, so that upon hearing it, he would righteously give the earth and not take it back. (13-61-36)

सोऽयं कृत्स्नो ब्राह्मणार्थो राजार्थश्चाप्यसंशयम्। राजा हि धर्मकुशलः प्रथमं भूतिलक्षणम् ॥१३-६१-३७॥

so'yaṃ kṛtsno brāhmaṇārtho rājārthaścāpyasaṃśayam। rājā hi dharmakuśalaḥ prathamaṃ bhūtilakṣaṇam ॥13-61-37॥

[सः (saḥ) - he; अयम् (ayam) - this; कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - entire; ब्राह्मण-अर्थः (brāhmaṇa-arthaḥ) - for the sake of Brāhmaṇa; राज-अर्थः (rāja-arthaḥ) - for the sake of the king; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt; राजा (rājā) - king; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्म-कुशलः (dharma-kuśalaḥ) - skilled in dharma; प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first; भूति-लक्षणम् (bhūti-lakṣaṇam) - mark of prosperity;]

(He, this entire [realm] is for the sake of the Brāhmaṇa and for the sake of the king also, without doubt. The king indeed, skilled in dharma, is the primary mark of prosperity.)

This entire order exists for the sake of the Brāhmaṇa and for the king, without doubt. Indeed, a king skilled in dharma is the foremost sign of prosperity. (13-61-37)

अथ येषामधर्मज्ञो राजा भवति नास्तिकः। न ते सुखं प्रबुध्यन्ते न सुखं प्रस्वपन्ति च ॥१३-६१-३८॥

atha yeṣām adharmajño rājā bhavati nāstikaḥ। na te sukhaṃ prabudhyante na sukhaṃ prasvapanti ca॥13-61-38॥

[अथ (atha) - now; then; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; whose; अधर्मज्ञः (adharmajñaḥ) - ignorant of dharma; not knowing righteousness; राजा (rājā) - king; भवति (bhavati) - is; becomes; नास्तिकः (nāstikaḥ) - atheist; disbeliever; न (na) - not; ते (te) - they; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; comfort; प्रबुध्यन्ते (prabudhyante) - awaken; न (na) - not; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; comfort; प्रस्वपन्ति (prasvapanti) - sleep; च (ca) - and;]

(Now, of whom the king is ignorant of dharma, becomes an atheist, they do not awaken in happiness, nor do they sleep in happiness.)

When the king, ignorant of dharma and an atheist, rules over people, they do not awaken happily, nor do they sleep happily. (13-61-38)

सदा भवन्ति चोद्विग्नास्तस्य दुश्चरितैर्नराः। योगक्षेमा हि बहवो राष्ट्रं नास्याविशन्ति तत् ॥१३-६१-३९॥

sadā bhavanti codvignās tasya duścaritair narāḥ। yogakṣemā hi bahavo rāṣṭraṃ nāsyāviśanti tat ॥13-61-39॥

[सदा (sadā) - always; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; च (ca) - and; उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - disturbed; तस्य (tasya) - of him; दुश्चरितैः (duścaritaiḥ) - by bad actions; नराः (narāḥ) - people; योगक्षेमाः (yogakṣemāḥ) - means of acquisition and preservation; हि (hi) - indeed; बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom; न (na) - not; अस्य (asya) - of him; आविशन्ति (āviśanti) - enter; तत् (tat) - that;]

(Always become and disturbed of him by bad actions people. Means of acquisition and preservation indeed many the kingdom not of him enter that.)

Because of his bad actions, people are always disturbed; indeed, many means for prosperity do not enter his kingdom. (13-61-39)

अथ येषां पुनः प्राज्ञो राजा भवति धार्मिकः। सुखं ते प्रतिबुध्यन्ते सुसुखं प्रस्वपन्ति च ॥१३-६१-४०॥

atha yeṣāṃ punaḥ prājño rājā bhavati dhārmikaḥ। sukhaṃ te pratibudhyante susukhaṃ prasvapanti ca ॥13-61-40॥

[अथ (atha) - now; then; येषां (yeṣāṃ) - of whom; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise; राजा (rājā) - king; भवति (bhavati) - is; becomes; धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous; सुखं (sukhaṃ) - happily; ease; ते (te) - they; प्रतिबुध्यन्ते (pratibudhyante) - awake; सुसुखं (susukhaṃ) - very happily; in great comfort; प्रस्वपन्ति (prasvapanti) - sleep; च (ca) - and;]

(Now, of whom again the wise king is righteous, happily they awake, and very happily they sleep.)

Whenever a wise and righteous king rules over them, they awaken happily and sleep in great comfort. (13-61-40)

तस्य राज्ञः शुभैरार्यैः कर्मभिर्निर्वृताः प्रजाः। योगक्षेमेण वृष्ट्या च विवर्धन्ते स्वकर्मभिः ॥१३-६१-४१॥

tasya rājñaḥ śubhairāryaiḥ karmabhirnirvṛtāḥ prajāḥ। yogakṣemeṇa vṛṣṭyā ca vivardhante svakarmabhiḥ ॥13-61-41॥

[तस्य (tasya) - of him; (of that) राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king; शुभैः (śubhaiḥ) - auspicious; virtuous; आर्यैः (āryaiḥ) - by the noble ones; कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by actions; निर्वृताः (nirvṛtāḥ) - contented; satisfied; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects; people; योगक्षेमेण (yogakṣemeṇa) - with acquisition and security; वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - with rain; च (ca) - and; विवर्धन्ते (vivardhante) - prosper; increase; स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their own actions;]

(Of that king, by auspicious actions of noble ones, contented are the subjects. By acquisition and security, by rain also, they prosper by their own actions.)

The subjects of that king, through the virtuous deeds of the noble and auspicious, are content. Supported by means of sustenance, security, and rain, they grow and prosper by their own efforts. (13-61-41)

स कुलीनः स पुरुषः स बन्धुः स च पुण्यकृत्। स दाता स च विक्रान्तो यो ददाति वसुन्धराम् ॥१३-६१-४२॥

sa kulīnaḥ sa puruṣaḥ sa bandhuḥ sa ca puṇyakṛt। sa dātā sa ca vikrānto yo dadāti vasundharām ॥13-61-42॥

[स (sa) - he; कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - of noble family; स (sa) - he; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; स (sa) - he; बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - relative; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; पुण्यकृत् (puṇyakṛt) - doer of merit; स (sa) - he; दाता (dātā) - giver; स (sa) - he; च (ca) - and; विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - valiant; यः (yaḥ) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth;]

(He noble, he man, he relative, he also doer of merit; he giver, he also valiant, who gives the earth.)

He alone is noble, he is a man, he is a relative, he also is a doer of merit; he is a giver, and he is also valiant, who gives the earth. (13-61-42)

आदित्या इव दीप्यन्ते तेजसा भुवि मानवाः। ददन्ति वसुधां स्फीतां ये वेदविदुषि द्विजे ॥१३-६१-४३॥

ādityā iva dīpyante tejasā bhuvi mānavāḥ। dadanti vasudhāṃ sphītāṃ ye vedaviduṣi dvije ॥13-61-43॥

[आदित्या (ādityā) - suns;, इव (iva) - like;, दीप्यन्ते (dīpyante) - shine;, तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor;, भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth;, मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - men;, ददन्ति (dadanti) - give;, वसुधां (vasudhām) - the earth;, स्फीतां (sphītām) - abundant;, ये (ye) - who;, वेदविदुषि (vedaviduṣi) - in one learned in the Veda;, द्विजे (dvoje) - in a twice-born;.;]

(Men shine by splendor on earth like suns; who give abundant earth to a twice-born learned in the Veda.)

Men who give abundant land to a twice-born learned in the Veda shine with brilliance on earth like suns. (13-61-43)

यथा बीजानि रोहन्ति प्रकीर्णानि महीतले। तथा कामाः प्ररोहन्ति भूमिदानसमार्जिताः ॥१३-६१-४४॥

yathā bījāni rohanti prakīrṇāni mahītale। tathā kāmāḥ prarohanti bhūmidānasamārjitāḥ ॥13-61-44॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; बीजानि (bījāni) - seeds; रोहन्ति (rohanti) - sprout; प्रकीर्णानि (prakīrṇāni) - scattered; महीतले (mahītale) - on the surface of the earth; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; कामाः (kāmāḥ) - desires; प्ररोहन्ति (prarohanti) - spring up; भूमिदानसमार्जिताः (bhūmidānasamārjitāḥ) - acquired by the gift of land;]

(Just as seeds, scattered on the surface of the earth, sprout, so desires, acquired by the gift of land, spring up.)

Just as seeds scattered on the surface of the earth sprout, so too, desires acquired through the donation of land arise. (13-61-44)

आदित्यो वरुणो विष्णुर्ब्रह्मा सोमो हुताशनः। शूलपाणिश्च भगवान्प्रतिनन्दन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-४५॥

ādityo varuṇo viṣṇur brahmā somo hutāśanaḥ। śūlapāṇiś ca bhagavān pratinandanti bhūmidam ॥13-61-45॥

[आदित्यो (ādityaḥ) - the Sun; वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - Varuṇa (god of waters); विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Viṣṇu; ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā; सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (the Moon; ritual drink); हुताशनः (hutāśanaḥ) - the fire; शूलपाणिः (śūlapāṇiḥ) - holder of the trident; च (ca) - and; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable; the lord; प्रतिनन्दन्ति (pratinandanti) - greet; welcome; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - this (idam) earth (bhū);]

(The Sun, Varuṇa, Viṣṇu, Brahmā, Soma, the fire, the holder of the trident and the venerable (lord), greet (welcome) this earth.)

The Sun, Varuṇa, Viṣṇu, Brahmā, Soma, the Fire, and the Lord holding a trident all greet this earth. (13-61-45)

भूमौ जायन्ति पुरुषा भूमौ निष्ठां व्रजन्ति च। चतुर्विधो हि लोकोऽयं योऽयं भूमिगुणात्मकः ॥१३-६१-४६॥

bhūmau jāyanti puruṣā bhūmau niṣṭhāṃ vrajanti ca। caturvidho hi loko'yaṃ yo'yaṃ bhūmiguṇātmakaḥ॥13-61-46॥

[भूमौ (bhūmau) - on earth; जायन्ति (jāyanti) - are born; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on earth; निष्ठाम् (niṣṭhām) - final state; व्रजन्ति (vrajanti) - go; च (ca) - and; चतुर्विधः (caturvidhaḥ) - fourfold; हि (hi) - indeed; लोकः (lokaḥ) - world; अयम् (ayam) - this; यः (yaḥ) - which; अयम् (ayam) - this; भूमिगुणात्मकः (bhūmiguṇātmakaḥ) - of the nature of earth's qualities;]

(On earth are born persons, on earth go to the final state and, fourfold indeed world this, which this is of the nature of earth's qualities.)

Men are born on earth and reach their final end on earth. This world is indeed fourfold, which is of the nature of the qualities of earth. (13-61-46)

एषा माता पिता चैव जगतः पृथिवीपते। नानया सदृशं भूतं किञ्चिदस्ति जनाधिप ॥१३-६१-४७॥

eṣā mātā pitā caiva jagataḥ pṛthivīpate। nānayā sadṛśaṃ bhūtaṃ kiñcidasti janādhipa ॥13-61-47॥

[एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine); माता (mātā) - mother; पिता (pitā) - father; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world; पृथिवीपते (pṛthivīpate) - O lord of the earth; ना (nā) - not; अनया (anayā) - like her; सदृशं (sadṛśaṃ) - similar; भूतं (bhūtaṃ) - being; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; अस्ति (asti) - exists; जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of people;]

(This (one) (is) mother, father and indeed of the world, O lord of the earth; not like her (a) similar being anything exists, O lord of people (king).)

O lord of the earth, this one is (like) mother and father of the world; O lord of people, there is no being similar to her anywhere. (13-61-47)

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्। बृहस्पतेश्च संवादमिन्द्रस्य च युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-६१-४८॥

atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam। bṛhaspateś ca saṃvādam indrasya ca yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-61-48॥

[अत्रापि (atrāpi) - here also; उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they cite; इमम् (imam) - this; इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical narrative; पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient; बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Bṛhaspati; च (ca) - and; संवादम् (saṃvādam) - dialogue; इन्द्रस्य (indrasya) - of Indra; च (ca) - and; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(Here also they cite this ancient historical narrative, the dialogue of Bṛhaspati and of Indra, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)

Here also, O Yudhiṣṭhira, they recite this ancient story—the dialogue between Bṛhaspati and Indra. (13-61-48)

इष्ट्वा क्रतुशतेनाथ महता दक्षिणावता। मघवा वाग्विदां श्रेष्ठं पप्रच्छेदं बृहस्पतिम् ॥१३-६१-४९॥

iṣṭvā kratuśatena atha mahatā dakṣiṇāvatā। maghavā vāg-vidāṃ śreṣṭham papraccha idam bṛhaspatim ॥13-61-49॥

[इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having worshipped; (from iṣ, to sacrifice; absolutive); क्रतुशतेन (kratuśatena) - by a hundred sacrifices; अथ (atha) - then; महता (mahatā) - with great; दक्षिणावता (dakṣiṇāvatā) - with abundant gifts; मघवा (maghavā) - Maghavan (epithet of Indra); वाग्विदां (vāg-vidām) - of knowers of speech; श्रेष्ठं (śreṣṭham) - the best; पप्रच्छ (papraccha) - (he) asked; इदम् (idam) - this; बृहस्पतिम् (bṛhaspatim) - Bṛhaspati;]

(Having worshipped with a hundred sacrifices, then with great and abundant gifts, Maghavan asked this, the best of knowers of speech, Bṛhaspati.)

After performing a hundred sacrifices with abundant gifts, Maghavan (Indra) then asked Bṛhaspati, the foremost among knowers of speech, this question. (13-61-49)

भगवन्केन दानेन स्वर्गतः सुखमेधते। यदक्षयं महार्घं च तद्ब्रूहि वदतां वर ॥१३-६१-५०॥

bhagavan kena dānena svargataḥ sukham edhate। yad akṣayam mahā-arghaṃ ca tad brūhi vadatāṃ vara ॥13-61-50॥

[भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord; केन (kena) - by which; दानेन (dānena) - by giving; by donation; स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - having gone to heaven; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; pleasure; एधते (edhate) - increases; grows; यत् (yat) - that which; अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable; महार्घम् (mahā-argham) - of great worth; very valuable; च (ca) - and; तत् (tat) - that; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; speak; वदतां (vadatām) - of those who speak; वर (vara) - best; O best;]

(O Lord, by which giving does one who has gone to heaven obtain pleasure? That which is imperishable and very valuable, tell that, O best of speakers.)

O Lord, by which gift does one attain happiness in heaven? Tell me of that which is imperishable and of great worth, O best of speakers. (13-61-50)

इत्युक्तः स सुरेन्द्रेण ततो देवपुरोहितः। बृहस्पतिर्महातेजाः प्रत्युवाच शतक्रतुम् ॥१३-६१-५१॥

ityuktaḥ sa surendreṇa tato devapurohitaḥ. bṛhaspatirmahātejāḥ pratyuvāca śatakratum ॥13-61-51॥

[इति (iti) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; स (sa) - he; सुरेन्द्रेण (surendreṇa) - by the lord of the gods; ततः (tataḥ) - then; देवपुरोहितः (devapurohitaḥ) - the priest of the gods; बृहस्पतिः (bṛhaspatiḥ) - Bṛhaspati; महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - of great splendor; प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; शतक्रतुम् (śatakratum) - to Śatakratu (Indra);]

(Thus addressed, he by the lord of the gods, then the priest of the gods, Bṛhaspati of great splendor, replied to Śatakratu.)

Thus addressed by the lord of the gods, then the priest of the gods, the great splendorous Bṛhaspati, replied to Śatakratu (Indra). (13-61-51)

सुवर्णदानं गोदानं भूमिदानं च वृत्रहन्। दददेतान्महाप्राज्ञः सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥१३-६१-५२॥

suvarṇadānaṃ godānaṃ bhūmidānaṃ ca vṛtrahan। dadadetān mahāprājñaḥ sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ॥13-61-52॥

[सुवर्णदानं (suvarṇadānaṃ) - gift of gold; गोदानं (godānaṃ) - gift of cows; भूमिदानं (bhūmidānaṃ) - gift of land; च (ca) - and; वृत्रहन् (vṛtrahan) - O slayer of Vṛtra; ददेत (dadet) - should give; एतान् (etān) - these; महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - a very wise one; सर्वपापैः (sarvapāpaiḥ) - from all sins; प्रमुच्यते (pramucyate) - is released;]

(Gift of gold, gift of cows, gift of land and, O slayer of Vṛtra, these a very wise one should give; from all sins is released.)

O slayer of Vṛtra, a very wise person who gives the gifts of gold, cows, and land is released from all sins. (13-61-52)

न भूमिदानाद्देवेन्द्र परं किञ्चिदिति प्रभो। विशिष्टमिति मन्यामि यथा प्राहुर्मनीषिणः ॥१३-६१-५३॥

na bhūmidānād devendra paraṃ kiñcid iti prabho। viśiṣṭam iti manyāmi yathā prāhur manīṣiṇaḥ॥13-61-53॥

[न (na) - not; भूमिदानात् (bhūmidānāt) - from gifting of land; देवेंद्र (devendra) - O Indra of the gods; परम् (param) - higher; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; इति (iti) - thus; प्रभो (prabho) - O lord; विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - superior; इति (iti) - thus; मन्यामि (manyāmi) - I think; यथा (yathā) - as; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - have said; मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - the wise ones;]

(Not from land-gift, O Indra of the gods, anything higher thus, O lord. Superior thus I think, as have said the wise ones.)

O Indra of the gods, I think that there is nothing greater than the gift of land, just as the wise have said. (13-61-53)

ये शूरा निहता युद्धे स्वर्याता दानगृद्धिनः। सर्वे ते विबुधश्रेष्ठ नातिक्रामन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-५४॥

ye śūrā nihatā yuddhe svaryātā dānagṛddhinaḥ। sarve te vibudhaśreṣṭha nātikrāmanti bhūmidam ॥13-61-54॥

[ये (ye) - who; (those) who; शूरा (śūrā) - heroes; brave ones; निहता (nihatā) - slain; killed; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; स्वर्याता (svaryātā) - gone to heaven; दानगृद्धिनः (dānagṛddhinaḥ) - greedy for gifts; (those) desirous of gifts; सर्वे (sarve) - all; ते (te) - they; विबुधश्रेष्ठ (vibudhaśreṣṭha) - O best among the wise; O best of the gods; नातिक्रामन्ति (na atikrāmanti) - do not transgress; do not overstep; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - the giver of land; the land-giver;]

(Those heroes who, slain in battle, have gone to heaven, greedy for gifts, all they, O best among the wise, do not transgress the land-giver.)

O best of the wise, all those heroes who have been slain in battle and have gone to heaven, desiring gifts, do not surpass the giver of land. (13-61-54)

भर्तुर्निःश्रेयसे युक्तास्त्यक्तात्मानो रणे हताः। ब्रह्मलोकगताः शूरा नातिक्रामन्ति भूमिदम् ॥१३-६१-५५॥

bhartur-niḥśreyase yuktās-tyaktātmāno raṇe hatāḥ। brahmaloka-gatāḥ śūrā nātikrāmanti bhūmidam ॥13-61-55॥

[भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the lord; निःश्रेयसे (niḥśreyase) - for the highest good; युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - engaged; त्यक्तात्मानः (tyaktātmānaḥ) - those who have given up their selves; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; हताः (hatāḥ) - slain; ब्रह्मलोकगताः (brahmaloka-gatāḥ) - having gone to Brahmaloka; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; न (na) - not; अतिक्रामन्ति (atikrāmanti) - transgress; भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - this earth;]

(Of the lord for the highest good engaged, those who have given up their selves in battle slain, having gone to Brahmaloka, heroes do not transgress this earth.)

Those heroes who gave up their selves for their lord's highest good and were slain in battle, having attained Brahmaloka, do not return to this earth. (13-61-55)

पञ्च पूर्वादिपुरुषाः षट्च ये वसुधां गताः। एकादश ददद्भूमिं परित्रातीह मानवः ॥१३-६१-५६॥

pañca pūrvādipuruṣāḥ ṣaṭ ca ye vasudhāṃ gatāḥ। ekādaśa dadadbhum̐ paritrātīha mānavaḥ ॥13-61-56॥

[पञ्च (pañca) - five; पूर्वादिपुरुषाः (pūrvādipuruṣāḥ) - ancient men; original men; षट् (ṣaṭ) - six; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth; गताः (gatāḥ) - have gone; एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven; ददद्भूमिम् (dadadbhumim) - who gave the earth; परित्राती (paritrātī) - who protects (rescues); इह (iha) - here; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - the man;]

(Five ancient men, and six who have gone to the earth; eleven who gave the earth, the man who protects here.)

There are five primordial men, and six who have departed to the earth; the one man here who protects is the eleventh who gave the earth. (13-61-56)

रत्नोपकीर्णां वसुधां यो ददाति पुरंदर। स मुक्तः सर्वकलुषैः स्वर्गलोके महीयते ॥१३-६१-५७॥

ratnopakīrṇāṃ vasudhāṃ yo dadāti puraṃdara। sa muktaḥ sarva-kaluṣaiḥ svargaloke mahīyate ॥13-61-57॥

[रत्न-उपकीर्णां (ratna-upakīrṇām) - strewn with jewels; वसुधां (vasudhām) - the earth; यः (yaḥ) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; पुरंदर (puraṃdara) - O Purandara (Indra); सः (saḥ) - he; मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - liberated; सर्व-कलुषैः (sarva-kaluṣaiḥ) - from all impurities; स्वर्ग-लोके (svarga-loke) - in the world of heaven; महीयते (mahīyate) - is honored;]

(Who gives the earth strewn with jewels, O Purandara, he liberated from all impurities in the world of heaven is honored.)

O Purandara, one who gives the earth adorned with jewels, being freed from all impurities, is honored in heaven. (13-61-57)

महीं स्फीतां ददद्राजा सर्वकामगुणान्विताम्। राजाधिराजो भवति तद्धि दानमनुत्तमम् ॥१३-६१-५८॥

mahīṁ sphītāṁ dadad rājā sarvakāma-guṇānvitām। rājādhirājo bhavati tad dhi dānam anuttamam ॥13-61-58॥

[महीं (mahīṁ) - earth (accusative singular); स्फीतां (sphītām) - prosperous; ददद् (dadad) - giving; राजा (rājā) - king; सर्वकामगुणान्विताम् (sarva-kāma-guṇa-anvitām) - endowed with all (sarva) desirable (kāma) qualities (guṇa); राजाधिराजः (rājādhirājaḥ) - king of kings; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; तत् (tat) - that; हि (hi) - indeed; दानम् (dānam) - gift; अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - unsurpassed;]

(Giving the prosperous earth endowed with all desirable qualities, the king, indeed, becomes king of kings; that gift is unsurpassed.)

By giving the prosperous earth endowed with all desirable qualities, a king indeed becomes the king of kings; for that gift is unsurpassed. (13-61-58)

सर्वकामसमायुक्तां काश्यपीं यः प्रयच्छति। सर्वभूतानि मन्यन्ते मां ददातीति वासव ॥१३-६१-५९॥

sarvakāmasamāyuktāṃ kāśyapīṃ yaḥ prayacchati। sarvabhūtāni manyante māṃ dadātīti vāsava ॥13-61-59॥

[सर्वकामसमायुक्तां (sarvakāmasamāyuktām) - endowed with all desires; काश्यपीं (kāśyapīm) - Kashyapa's [wife]; यः (yaḥ) - who; प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - gives; सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings; मन्यन्ते (manyante) - think; माम् (mām) - me; ददातीति (dadātīti) - gives—thus; वासव (vāsava) - O Vāsava;]

(Endowed with all desires, Kashyapa's (wife), who gives, all beings think, me, gives—thus, O Vāsava.)

O Vāsava, whoever gives Kashyapa's (wife) endowed with all desires, all beings think thus: 'He gives me.' (13-61-59)

सर्वकामदुघां धेनुं सर्वकामपुरोगमाम्। ददाति यः सहस्राक्ष स स्वर्गं याति मानवः ॥१३-६१-६०॥

sarvakāmadughāṁ dhenuṁ sarvakāmapurogamām। dadāti yaḥ sahasrākṣa sa svargaṁ yāti mānavaḥ ॥13-61-60॥

[सर्वकामदुघां (sarvakāmadughām) - yielding all desires; धेनुं (dhenuṁ) - cow; सर्वकामपुरोगमाम् (sarvakāmapurogamām) - accompanied by all objects of desire; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; यः (yaḥ) - who; सहस्राक्ष (sahasrākṣa) - O thousand-eyed (Indra); स (sa) - that; स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - heaven; याति (yāti) - goes; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - man;]

(Who gives a cow yielding all desires, accompanied by all objects of desire, O thousand-eyed (Indra), that man goes to heaven.)

O thousand-eyed one, the man who gives a cow that yields all desires and is attended by all enjoyments, that man goes to heaven. (13-61-60)

मधुसर्पिःप्रवाहिन्यः पयोदधिवहास्तथा। सरितस्तर्पयन्तीह सुरेन्द्र वसुधाप्रदम् ॥१३-६१-६१॥

madhusarpiḥpravāhiniyaḥ payodadhivahāstathā। saritastarpayantīha surendra vasudhāpradam ॥13-61-61॥

[मधुसर्पिःप्रवाहिन्यः (madhu-sarpiḥ-pravāhiniyaḥ) - streams flowing with honey and clarified butter; पयोदधिवहाः (payo-dadhi-vahāḥ) - carrying milk and curds; तथा (tathā) - similarly; सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers; तर्पयन्ति (tarpayanti) - satisfy; इह (iha) - here; सुरेन्द्र (surendra) - O lord of gods; वसुधाप्रदम् (vasudhā-pradam) - who bestows the earth;]

(Streams flowing with honey and clarified butter, carrying milk and curds, similarly rivers satisfy here, O lord of gods, who bestows the earth.)

O lord of gods, here streams flowing with honey, clarified butter, milk and curds, as well as other rivers, provide abundant satisfaction and grant the earth. (13-61-61)

भूमिप्रदानान्नृपतिर्मुच्यते राजकिल्बिषात्। न हि भूमिप्रदानेन दानमन्यद्विशिष्यते ॥१३-६१-६२॥

bhūmi-pradānān nṛpatir mucyate rāja-kilbiṣāt। na hi bhūmi-pradānena dānam anyad viśiṣyate॥13-61-62॥

[भूमिप्रदानात् (bhūmi-pradānāt) - from the giving of land; नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king; मुच्यते (mucyate) - is freed; राजकिल्बिषात् (rāja-kilbiṣāt) - from royal sin; न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; भूमिप्रदानेन (bhūmi-pradānena) - by the gift of land; दानम् (dānam) - gift; अन्यत् (anyat) - other; विशिष्यते (viśiṣyate) - surpasses;]

(From the giving of land, the king is freed from royal sin. Indeed, by the gift of land, no other gift surpasses.)

By the gift of land, the king is freed from royal sin. Truly, of all gifts, none surpasses the gift of land. (13-61-62)

ददाति यः समुद्रान्तां पृथिवीं शस्त्रनिर्जिताम्। तं जनाः कथयन्तीह यावद्धरति गौरियम् ॥१३-६१-६३॥

dadāti yaḥ samudrāntāṃ pṛthivīṃ śastranirjitām। taṃ janāḥ kathayantīha yāvaddharati gauriyam ॥13-61-63॥

[ददाति (dadāti) - gives; यः (yaḥ) - who; समुद्रान्तां (samudrāntām) - bounded by the ocean; पृथिवीं (pṛthivīm) - earth; शस्त्रनिर्जिताम् (śastranirjitām) - conquered by weapons; तं (taṃ) - him; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - speak of; इह (iha) - here; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as; धरति (dharati) - holds; गौरियम् (gauriyam) - body;]

(He who gives the earth bounded by the ocean, conquered by weapons—as long as he holds the body, people here speak of him.)

People here speak of him who gives the earth bounded by the ocean, conquered by weapons, as long as he lives in the body. (13-61-63)

पुण्यामृद्धरसां भूमिं यो ददाति पुरंदर। न तस्य लोकाः क्षीयन्ते भूमिदानगुणार्जिताः ॥१३-६१-६४॥

puṇyām ṛddharasāṃ bhūmiṃ yo dadāti puraṃdara। na tasya lokāḥ kṣīyante bhūmidānaguṇārjitāḥ ॥13-61-64॥

[पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - holy; auspicious; ऋद्धरसाम् (ṛddharasām) - full of prosperity (ṛddha) and essence (rasa); भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; यः (yaḥ) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; पुरंदर (puraṃdara) - O Puraṃdara; न (na) - not; तस्य (tasya) - his; लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds; realms; क्षीयन्ते (kṣīyante) - are diminished; are destroyed; भूमिदानगुणार्जिताः (bhūmidānaguṇārjitāḥ) - acquired by the merit (guṇa) of giving land (bhūmidāna);]

(Holy, prosperous, and essence-filled land who gives, O Puraṃdara, not his worlds are destroyed acquired by the merit of giving land.)

O Puraṃdara, one who gives holy and prosperous land, his worlds acquired by the merit of the gift of land are never destroyed. (13-61-64)

सर्वथा पार्थिवेनेह सततं भूतिमिच्छता। भूर्देया विधिवच्छक्र पात्रे सुखमभीप्सता ॥१३-६१-६५॥

sarvathā pārthiveneha satataṁ bhūtimicchatā. bhūrdeyā vidhivacchakra pātre sukhamabhīpsatā ॥13-61-65॥

[सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; पार्थिवेन (pārthivena) - by a ruler (king); इह (iha) - here (in this world); सततं (satataṁ) - always; भूतिम् (bhūtim) - prosperity; इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring; भूः (bhūḥ) - the earth (land); देया (deyā) - should be given; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule; शक्र (śakra) - O Indra; पात्रे (pātre) - to a worthy recipient; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; अभीप्सता (abhīpsatā) - by one desiring;]

(In every way, by a ruler here, always by one desiring prosperity, the earth should be given according to rule, O Indra, to a worthy recipient, by one desiring happiness.)

O Indra, a ruler here who always desires prosperity and happiness should always, in every way, give land according to the rules to a worthy recipient. (13-61-65)

अपि कृत्वा नरः पापं भूमिं दत्त्वा द्विजातये। समुत्सृजति तत्पापं जीर्णां त्वचमिवोरगः ॥१३-६१-६६॥

api kṛtvā naraḥ pāpaṃ bhūmiṃ dattvā dvijātaye. samutsṛjati tatpāpaṃ jīrṇāṃ tvacam ivoragaḥ ॥13-61-66॥

[अपि (api) (api) - even; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) (kṛtvā) - having done; नरः (naraḥ) (naraḥ) - man; पापं (pāpaṃ) (pāpaṃ) - sin; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) (bhūmiṃ) - land; दत्त्वा (dattvā) (dattvā) - having given; द्विजातये (dvijātaye) (dvijātaye) - to a twice-born; समुत्सृजति (samutsṛjati) (samutsṛjati) - casts off; तत् (tat) (tat) - that; पापं (pāpaṃ) (pāpaṃ) - sin; जीर्णां (jīrṇāṃ) (jīrṇāṃ) - worn out; त्वचम् (tvacam) (tvacam) - skin; इव (iva) (iva) - like; उरगः (uragaḥ) (uragaḥ) - serpent;]

(Even having done sin, the man, having given land to a twice-born, casts off that sin like the serpent (casts off) worn out skin.)

Even if a man has committed sin, by giving land to a twice-born, he casts off that sin just as a serpent sheds its worn-out skin. (13-61-66)

सागरान्सरितः शैलान्काननानि च सर्वशः। सर्वमेतन्नरः शक्र ददाति वसुधां ददत् ॥१३-६१-६७॥

sāgarān saritaḥ śailān kānanāni ca sarvaśaḥ। sarvam etan naraḥ śakra dadāti vasudhām dadat ॥13-61-67॥

[सागरान् (sāgarān) - oceans; सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers; शैलान् (śailān) - mountains; काननानि (kānanāni) - forests; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; एतत् (etat) - this; नरः (naraḥ) - man; शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - earth; ददत् (dadat) - while giving;]

(Oceans, rivers, mountains, forests and entirely all this a man, O Śakra, gives (when) giving the earth.)

O Śakra, by giving the earth, a man gives the oceans, rivers, mountains, forests and all of this (completely). (13-61-67)

तडागान्युदपानानि स्रोतांसि च सरांसि च। स्नेहान्सर्वरसांश्चैव ददाति वसुधां ददत् ॥१३-६१-६८॥

taḍāgānyudapānāni srotāṁsi ca sarāṁsi ca. snehānsarvarasāṁścaiva dadāti vasudhāṁ dadat ॥13-61-68॥

[तडागानि (taḍāgāni) - ponds; उदपानानि (udapānāni) - watering places; स्रोतांसि (srotāṁsi) - streams; च (ca) - and; सरांसि (sarāṁsi) - lakes; च (ca) - and; स्नेहान् (snehān) - oils; सर्वरसान् (sarvarasān) - all essences; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth; ददत् (dadat) - while giving (or as she gives);]

(Ponds, watering places, streams and lakes and oils, all essences indeed, gives the earth while giving.)

The earth, as she gives, provides ponds, watering places, streams, lakes, oils, and all kinds of essences. (13-61-68)

ओषधीः क्षीरसम्पन्ना नगान्पुष्पफलान्वितान्। काननोपलशैलांश्च ददाति वसुधां ददत् ॥१३-६१-६९॥

oṣadhīḥ kṣīrasampannā nagānpuṣpaphalānvitān। kānanopalaśailāṃśca dadāti vasudhāṃ dadat ॥13-61-69॥

[ओषधीः (oṣadhīḥ) - plants; herbs; क्षीरसम्पन्ना (kṣīrasampannā) - abundant in sap; rich in milk; नगान् (nagān) - trees; पुष्पफलान्वितान् (puṣpaphalānvitān) - endowed with flowers and fruits; कानन (kānana) - forest; उपल (upala) - stones; शैलान् (śailān) - mountains; च (ca) - and; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth; ददत् (dadat) - giving;]

(Herbs abundant in sap, trees endowed with flowers and fruits, forest, stones, and mountains and gives the earth giving.)

Giving herbs rich in sap, trees with flowers and fruits, forests, stones, and mountains, she (the earth) gives herself. (13-61-69)

अग्निष्टोमप्रभृतिभिरिष्ट्वा च स्वाप्तदक्षिणैः। न तत्फलमवाप्नोति भूमिदानाद्यदश्नुते ॥१३-६१-७०॥

agniṣṭomaprabhr̥tibhir iṣṭvā ca svāptadakṣiṇaiḥ। na tat phalam avāpnoti bhūmidānād yad aśnute ॥13-61-70॥

[अग्निष्टोमप्रभृतिभिः (agniṣṭomaprabhr̥tibhiḥ) - by agniṣṭoma and the like (sacrifices); इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having offered (sacrifices); च (ca) - and; स्वाप्तदक्षिणैः (svāpta-dakṣiṇaiḥ) - with self-acquired gifts; न (na) - not; तत् (tat) - that; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; reward; अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains; attains; भूमिदानात् (bhūmi-dānāt) - than from gifting land; यत् (yat) - which; अश्नुते (aśnute) - one enjoys; reaps;]

(By agniṣṭoma and similar (sacrifices), having offered, and with self-acquired gifts, not that fruit does he obtain which one enjoys from the gift of land.)

Even by performing agniṣṭoma and similar sacrifices with gifts acquired by oneself, one does not obtain that result which is attained by giving land as a gift. (13-61-70)

दाता दशानुगृह्णाति दश हन्ति तथा क्षिपन्। पूर्वदत्तां हरन्भूमिं नरकायोपगच्छति ॥१३-६१-७१॥

dātā daśānugṛhṇāti daśa hanti tathā kṣipan। pūrvadattāṃ haran bhūmiṃ narakāya upagacchati॥13-61-71॥

[दाता (dātā) - the giver; दश (daśa) - ten (persons); अनुगृह्णाति (anugṛhṇāti) - benefits; दश (daśa) - ten (persons); हन्ति (hanti) - destroys; तथा (tathā) - in that way; क्षिपन् (kṣipan) - throwing (away); पूर्वदत्तां (pūrvadattām) - formerly given; हरन् (haran) - seizing; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - land; नरकाय (narakāya) - to hell; उपगच्छति (upagacchati) - goes;]

(The giver benefits ten; destroys ten, thus throwing (away), one seizing formerly given land goes to hell.)

The giver benefits ten people; the one who destroys or casts away ten (recipients), and the one who seizes land formerly given, goes to hell. (13-61-71)

न ददाति प्रतिश्रुत्य दत्त्वा वा हरते तु यः। स बद्धो वारुणैः पाशैस्तप्यते मृत्युशासनात् ॥१३-६१-७२॥

na dadāti pratiśrutya dattvā vā harate tu yaḥ। sa baddho vāruṇaiḥ pāśais tapyate mṛtyuśāsanāt॥13-61-72॥

[न (na) - not; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - after promising; दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after giving; वा (vā) - or; हरते (harate) - takes away; तु (tu) - but; यः (yaḥ) - who; स (sa) - he; बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound; वारुणैः (vāruṇaiḥ) - by Varuṇa’s; पाशैः (pāśaiḥ) - nooses; तप्यते (tapyate) - is tormented; मृत्युशासनात् (mṛtyuśāsanāt) - by the decree of Death;]

(Who, after promising, does not give, or after giving, takes away, but—he, bound by Varuṇa’s nooses, is tormented by the decree of Death.)

Whoever, after making a promise, does not give, or after giving, takes it back, he is bound by the nooses of Varuṇa and is tormented by the command of Death. (13-61-72)

आहिताग्निं सदायज्ञं कृशभृत्यं प्रियातिथिम्। ये भरन्ति द्विजश्रेष्ठं नोपसर्पन्ति ते यमम् ॥१३-६१-७३॥

āhitāgniṃ sadā-yajñaṃ kṛśa-bhṛtyaṃ priyātithim। ye bharanti dvija-śreṣṭham na upasarpanti te yamam ॥13-61-73॥

[आहिताग्निम् (āhitāgnim) - one who has kindled sacred fire; सदायज्ञम् (sadā-yajñam) - one who always performs sacrifice; कृशभृत्यम् (kṛśa-bhṛtyam) - with few (lean) servants; प्रियातिथिम् (priyātithim) - who is dear to guests; ये (ye) - those who; भरन्ति (bharanti) - support; द्विजश्रेष्ठम् (dvija-śreṣṭham) - the best among twice-born (brāhmaṇa); न (na) - not; उपसर्पन्ति (upasarpanti) - approach; ते (te) - they; यमम् (yamam) - Yama (god of death);]

(One who has established sacred fire, always performs sacrifice, with lean servants, dear to guests, those who support the best among twice-born—they do not approach Yama.)

Those who support a Brāhmaṇa who has kept up the sacred fire, always performs sacrifice, has few servants, and is dear to guests—they do not come under the sway of Yama (the god of death). (13-61-73)

ब्राह्मणेष्वृणभूतं स्यात्पार्थिवस्य पुरंदर। इतरेषां तु वर्णानां तारयेत्कृशदुर्बलान् ॥१३-६१-७४॥

brāhmaṇeṣv ṛṇabhūtaṃ syāt pārthivasya puraṃdara| itareṣāṃ tu varṇānāṃ tārayet kṛśa-durbalān ॥13-61-74॥

[ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - among Brāhmaṇas; ऋणभूतं (ṛṇabhūtaṃ) - become debt; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; पार्थिवस्य (pārthivasya) - of the king; पुरंदर (puraṃdara) - O Indra (destroyer of cities); इतरेषां (itareṣāṃ) - of the others; तु (tu) - but; वर्णानां (varṇānāṃ) - of castes; तारयेत् (tārayet) - should rescue; कृश (kṛśa) - thin; दुर्बलान् (durbalān) - weak;]

(Among Brāhmaṇas, let the king's debt be; O Indra, but of the other castes, he should rescue the thin and weak.)

O Indra, among Brāhmaṇas, the king's debt should exist; but concerning the other castes, he should save those who are thin and weak. (13-61-74)

नाच्छिन्द्यात्स्पर्शितां भूमिं परेण त्रिदशाधिप। ब्राह्मणाय सुरश्रेष्ठ कृशभृत्याय कश्चन ॥१३-६१-७५॥

nācchindyāt sparśitāṃ bhūmiṃ pareṇa tridaśādhipa। brāhmaṇāya suraśreṣṭha kṛśabhṛtyāya kaścana ॥13-61-75॥

[न (na) - not; अच्छिन्द्यात् (acchindyāt) - should cut (should divide); स्पर्शितां (sparśitāṃ) - touched; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - land; परेण (pareṇa) - by another; त्रिदशाधिप (tridaśādhipa) - O lord of the gods; ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brahmin; सुरश्रेष्ठ (suraśreṣṭha) - O best of the gods; कृशभृत्याय (kṛśabhṛtyāya) - to one having few servants; कश्चन (kaścana) - anyone;]

(O lord of the gods, one should not cut (divide) land touched by another for a Brahmin, O best of the gods, to one having few servants, anyone.)

O lord of the gods, land that has been touched by another should not be divided for a Brahmin, O best of gods, for anyone who has few servants. (13-61-75)

अथाश्रु पतितं तेषां दीनानामवसीदताम्। ब्राह्मणानां हृते क्षेत्रे हन्यात्त्रिपुरुषं कुलम् ॥१३-६१-७६॥

athāśru patitaṃ teṣāṃ dīnānām avasīdatām। brāhmaṇānāṃ hṛte kṣetre hanyāt tripuruṣaṃ kulam ॥13-61-76॥

[अथ (atha) - then; अश्रु (aśru) - tear; पतितं (patitam) - fallen; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; दीनानाम् (dīnānām) - of the distressed; अवसीदताम् (avasīdatām) - of those who are grieving; ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānāṃ) - of the Brāhmaṇas; हृते (hṛte) - when (their) is taken away; क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - field; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should destroy; त्रिपुरुषं (tripuruṣam) - three generations; कुलम् (kulam) - family;]

(Then a tear fallen of them, of the distressed, of those who are grieving. Of the Brāhmaṇas, when (their) field is taken away, (one) should destroy (the) family for three generations.)

Then, when a tear falls from those distressed and grieving ones, if the field of Brāhmaṇas is taken away, the perpetrator's family should be destroyed for three generations. (13-61-76)

भूमिपालं च्युतं राष्ट्राद्यस्तु संस्थापयेत्पुनः। तस्य वासः सहस्राक्ष नाकपृष्ठे महीयते ॥१३-६१-७७॥

bhūmipālaṃ cyutaṃ rāṣṭrād yastu saṃsthāpayet punaḥ. tasya vāsaḥ sahasrākṣa nākapṛṣṭhe mahīyate ॥13-61-77॥

[भूमिपालं (bhūmipālaṃ) - the king; च्युतं (cyutaṃ) - fallen; राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom; यः (yaḥ) - who; तु (tu) - but; संस्थापयेत् (saṃsthāpayet) - would restore; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; तस्य (tasya) - his; वासः (vāsaḥ) - abode; सहस्राक्ष (sahasrākṣa) - with Indra; नाकपृष्ठे (nākapṛṣṭhe) - in heaven; महीयते (mahīyate) - is honored;]

(The king fallen from the kingdom who but would restore again, his abode with Indra in heaven is honored.)

Whoever restores a king who has been deposed from his kingdom, his abode is honored with Indra in the highest heaven. (13-61-77)

इक्षुभिः सन्ततां भूमिं यवगोधूमसङ्कुलाम्। गोश्ववाहनसम्पूर्णां बाहुवीर्यसमार्जिताम् ॥१३-६१-७८॥

ikṣubhiḥ santatāṃ bhūmiṃ yava-godhūma-saṅkulām। go-śva-vāhana-sampūrṇāṃ bāhu-vīrya-samārjitām ॥13-61-78॥

[इक्षुभिः (ikṣubhiḥ) - with sugarcanes; सन्ततां (santatām) - spread; extended; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - land; यवगोधूमसङ्कुलाम् (yava-godhūma-saṅkulām) - thick with barley and wheat; गोश्ववाहनसम्पूर्णां (go-śva-vāhana-sampūrṇām) - filled with cows, horses, vehicles; बाहुवीर्यसमार्जिताम् (bāhu-vīrya-samārjitām) - acquired by (one’s own) arm’s strength;]

(Land spread with sugarcanes, thick with barley and wheat, filled with cows, horses, vehicles, acquired by (one’s own) arm’s strength.)

Land spread with sugarcanes, filled with dense barley and wheat, abundant with cows, horses, and vehicles, gained by one’s own strength of arm. (13-61-78)

निधिगर्भां ददद्भूमिं सर्वरत्नपरिच्छदाम्। अक्षयाँल्लभते लोकान्भूमिसत्रं हि तस्य तत् ॥१३-६१-७९॥

nidhigarbhāṃ dadad bhūmiṃ sarva-ratna-paricchadām। akṣayān labhate lokān bhūmisatraṃ hi tasya tat ॥13-61-79॥

[निधिगर्भां (nidhigarbhām) - containing treasures; ददत् (dadat) - giving; भूमिं (bhūmiṃ) - land; सर्वरत्नपरिच्छदाम् (sarva-ratna-paricchadām) - endowed with all jewels; अक्षयान् (akṣayān) - imperishable; लभते (labhate) - obtains; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; भूमिसत्रम् (bhūmi-satram) - land-offering; हि (hi) - indeed; तस्य (tasya) - of him; तत् (tat) - that;]

(Giving land containing treasures, endowed with all jewels, indeed he obtains imperishable worlds, for that is his land-offering.)

Who gives land containing treasures and all kinds of jewels surely attains imperishable worlds; for that is his land-offering. (13-61-79)

विधूय कलुषं सर्वं विरजाः संमतः सताम्। लोके महीयते सद्भिर्यो ददाति वसुन्धराम् ॥१३-६१-८०॥

vidhūya kaluṣaṃ sarvaṃ virajāḥ saṃmataḥ satām। loke mahīyate sadbhiryo dadāti vasundharām॥13-61-80॥

[विधूय (vidhūya) - having shaken off; कलुषं (kaluṣam) - impurity; सर्वं (sarvam) - all; विरजाः (virajāḥ) - free from passion; संमतः (saṃmataḥ) - respected; सताम् (satām) - by the good (people); लोके (loke) - in the world; महीयते (mahīyate) - is honored; सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by virtuous ones; यः (yaḥ) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth (land);]

(Having shaken off all impurity, free from passion, respected by the good, who gives the earth, in the world is honored by the virtuous ones.)

He who, having removed all impurity and being free from passion, is respected by the good and gives land, is honored by the virtuous in the world. (13-61-80)

यथाप्सु पतितः शक्र तैलबिन्दुर्विसर्पति। तथा भूमिकृतं दानं सस्ये सस्ये विसर्पति ॥१३-६१-८१॥

yathāpsu patitaḥ śakra tailabindur visarpati। tathā bhūmikṛtaṃ dānaṃ sasye sasye visarpati॥13-61-81॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; अप्सु (apsu) - in water; पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen; शक्र (śakra) - O Indra; तैलबिन्दुः (tailabinduḥ) - oil drop; विसर्पति (visarpati) - spreads; तथा (tathā) - so; भूमिकृतं (bhūmikṛtam) - made on land; दानं (dānam) - charity; सस्ये (sasye) - in crop; सस्ये (sasye) - in crop; विसर्पति (visarpati) - spreads;]

(Just as in water, fallen, O Indra, (an) oil drop spreads, so made on land charity in crop, in crop, spreads.)

Just as, O Indra, an oil drop fallen in water spreads, so too charity performed on land spreads (its benefits) in every crop. (13-61-81)

ये रणाग्रे महीपालाः शूराः समितिशोभनाः। वध्यन्तेऽभिमुखाः शक्र ब्रह्मलोकं व्रजन्ति ते ॥१३-६१-८२॥

ye raṇāgre mahīpālāḥ śūrāḥ samitiśobhanāḥ। vadhyante'bhimukhāḥ śakra brahmalokaṃ vrajanti te॥13-61-82॥

[ये (ye) - who; रणाग्रे (raṇāgre) - in the forefront of battle; महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - kings; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; समिति-शोभनाः (samitiśobhanāḥ) - adorned in assembly; वध्यम्ते (vadhyante) - are slain; अभिमुखाः (abhimukhāḥ) - facing (the enemy); शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra); ब्रह्मलोकं (brahmalokaṃ) - to Brahma's world; व्रजन्ति (vrajanti) - go; ते (te) - they;]

(Who in the forefront of battle kings heroes adorned in assembly are slain facing (the enemy) O Śakra to Brahma's world go they.)

Those kings—valiant and resplendent in battle—who are slain facing the enemy at the front of the battle, O Śakra, they go to Brahma's world. (13-61-82)

नृत्यगीतपरा नार्यो दिव्यमाल्यविभूषिताः। उपतिष्ठन्ति देवेन्द्र सदा भूमिप्रदं दिवि ॥१३-६१-८३॥

nṛtyagītaparā nāryo divyamālyavibhūṣitāḥ। upatiṣṭhanti devendra sadā bhūmipradaṃ divi ॥13-61-83॥

[नृत्यगीतपरा (nṛtyagītaparā) - devoted to dance and song; नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women; दिव्यमाल्यविभूषिताः (divyamālyavibhūṣitāḥ) - adorned with divine garlands; उपतिष्ठन्ति (upatiṣṭhanti) - attend upon; देवेन्द्र (devendra) - O Indra of the gods; सदा (sadā) - always; भूमिप्रदम् (bhūmipradam) - the giver of land; दिवि (divi) - in heaven;]

(Devoted to dance and song, women adorned with divine garlands always attend upon, O Indra of the gods, the giver of land in heaven.)

O Indra of the gods, women devoted to dance and song, adorned with divine garlands, always serve the giver of land in heaven. (13-61-83)

मोदते च सुखं स्वर्गे देवगन्धर्वपूजितः। यो ददाति महीं सम्यग्विधिनेह द्विजातये ॥१३-६१-८४॥

modate ca sukhaṃ svarge devagandharvapūjitaḥ। yo dadāti mahīṃ samyagvidhineha dvijātaye ॥13-61-84॥

[मोदते (modate) - rejoices; च (ca) - and; सुखं (sukhaṃ) - happily; स्वर्गे (svarge) - in heaven; देवगन्धर्वपूजितः (devagandharvapūjitaḥ) - honored by gods and gandharvas; यो (yo) - who; ददाति (dadāti) - gives; महीं (mahīṃ) - land; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; विधिना (vidhinā) - according to the rule; इह (iha) - here; द्विजातये (dvijātaye) - to a twice-born (Brahmin);]

(Rejoices and happily in heaven, honored by gods and gandharvas, who gives land properly according to the rule here to a twice-born.)

He who, here, gives land properly in accordance with the rules to a twice-born enjoys happiness in heaven and is honored by gods and gandharvas. (13-61-84)

शतमप्सरसश्चैव दिव्यमाल्यविभूषिताः। उपतिष्ठन्ति देवेन्द्र सदा भूमिप्रदं नरम् ॥१३-६१-८५॥

śatam apsarasaś caiva divya-mālya-vibhūṣitāḥ। upatiṣṭhanti deva-indra sadā bhūmi-pradaṃ naram ॥13-61-85॥

[शतम् (śatam) - hundred; अप्सरसः (apsarasaḥ) - celestial nymphs; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; दिव्य (divya) - divine; माल्य (mālya) - garlands; विभूषिताः (vibhūṣitāḥ) - adorned; उपतिष्ठन्ति (upatiṣṭhanti) - attend upon; देव-इन्द्र (deva-indra) - O lord of gods; सदा (sadā) - always; भूमि-प्रदम् (bhūmi-pradam) - giver of land; नरम् (naram) - man;]

(Hundred celestial nymphs indeed, adorned with divine garlands, attend upon, O lord of gods, always, the giver of land man.)

O lord of gods, a hundred celestial nymphs adorned with divine garlands always attend upon the man who gives land. (13-61-85)

शङ्खं भद्रासनं छत्रं वराश्वा वरवारणाः। भूमिप्रदानात्पुष्पाणि हिरण्यनिचयास्तथा ॥१३-६१-८६॥

śaṅkhaṃ bhadrāsanaṃ chatraṃ varāśvā varavāraṇāḥ। bhūmipradānātpuṣpāṇi hiraṇyanicayāstathā ॥13-61-86॥

[शङ्खं (śaṅkham) - conch; भद्रासनं (bhadrāsanam) - auspicious seat; छत्रं (chatram) - parasol; वराश्वा (varāśvāḥ) - excellent horses; वरवारणाः (varavāraṇāḥ) - excellent elephants; भूमिप्रदानात् (bhūmipradānāt) - from the gift of land; पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - flowers; हिरण्यनिचयाः (hiraṇyanicayāḥ) - heaps of gold; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]

(Conch, auspicious seat, parasol, excellent horses, excellent elephants; from the gift of land, flowers, heaps of gold likewise.)

Conches, auspicious seats, parasols, excellent horses, excellent elephants; as well as flowers and heaps of gold, come from the gift of land. (13-61-86)

आज्ञा सदाप्रतिहता जयशब्दो भवत्यथ। भूमिदानस्य पुष्पाणि फलं स्वर्गः पुरंदर ॥१३-६१-८७॥

ājñā sadāpratihata jayaśabdo bhavatyatha। bhūmidānasya puṣpāṇi phalaṃ svargaḥ puraṃdara ॥13-61-87॥

[आज्ञा (ājñā) - command; order; सदा (sadā) - always; अप्रतिहता (apratihata) - unhindered; unobstructed; जयशब्दः (jayaśabdaḥ) - the sound of victory; cry of victory; भवति (bhavati) - arises; occurs; अथ (atha) - then; भूमिदानस्य (bhūmidānasya) - of the gift of land; पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - flowers; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven; पुरंदर (puraṃdara) - O Purandara; (addressing Indra);]

(Command always unhindered, the sound of victory then arises. Of the gift of land, flowers (are) (its) fruits (is) heaven, O Purandara.)

O Purandara, command is always unhindered; then the sound of victory arises. Of the gift of land, the flowers are its offering, but its fruit is heaven. (13-61-87)

हिरण्यपुष्पाश्चौषध्यः कुशकाञ्चनशाड्वलाः। अमृतप्रसवां भूमिं प्राप्नोति पुरुषो ददत् ॥१३-६१-८८॥

hiraṇya-puṣpāś c'auṣadhyaḥ kuśa-kāñcana-śāḍvalāḥ। amṛta-prasavāṃ bhūmiṃ prāpnoti puruṣo dadat ॥13-61-88॥

[हिरण्यपुष्पाः (hiraṇya-puṣpāḥ) - golden-flowered; च (ca) - and; औषध्यः (auṣadhyaḥ) - medicinal plants; कुश (kuśa) - kusa grass; काञ्चन (kāñcana) - golden; शाड्वलाः (śāḍvalāḥ) - grassy meadows; अमृतप्रसवाम् (amṛta-prasavām) - producing ambrosia; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth; प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; ददत् (dadat) - giving;]

(Golden-flowered and medicinal plants, kusa grass, golden meadows, the earth producing ambrosia, attains the man giving.)

A man who gives attains (reaches) an earth filled with golden-flowered medicinal herbs, kusa grass, golden meadows, and abundance yielding ambrosia. (13-61-88)

नास्ति भूमिसमं दानं नास्ति मातृसमो गुरुः। नास्ति सत्यसमो धर्मो नास्ति दानसमो निधिः ॥१३-६१-८९॥

nāsti bhūmisamaṃ dānaṃ nāsti mātṛsamo guruḥ। nāsti satyasamo dharmo nāsti dānasamo nidhiḥ ॥13-61-89॥

[नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; भूमिसमं (bhūmisamaṃ) - equal to earth; दानं (dānaṃ) - gift; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; मातृसमः (mātṛsamaḥ) - equal to mother; गुरुः (guruḥ) - teacher; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; सत्यसमः (satyasamaḥ) - equal to truth; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; नास्ति (nāsti) - does not exist; दानसमः (dānasamaḥ) - equal to gift; निधिः (nidhiḥ) - treasure;]

(There does not exist a gift equal to earth; there does not exist a teacher equal to mother; there does not exist a righteousness equal to truth; there does not exist a treasure equal to gift. (13-61-89))

There is no gift equal to the earth, no teacher equal to the mother, no righteousness equal to truth, and no treasure equal to giving. (13-61-89)

एतदाङ्गिरसाच्छ्रुत्वा वासवो वसुधामिमाम्। वसुरत्नसमाकीर्णां ददावाङ्गिरसे तदा ॥१३-६१-९०॥

etad āṅgirasaāc chrutvā vāsavo vasudhām imām। vasuratnasamākīrṇāṃ dadāv āṅgirase tadā॥13-61-90॥

[एतत् (etad) - this; आङ्गिरसात् (āṅgirasāt) - from Aṅgiras; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Vāsava; वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth; इमाम् (imām) - this; वसु-रत्न-समाकीर्णाम् (vasu-ratna-samākīrṇām) - filled with riches and jewels; ददौ (dadau) - gave; आङ्गिरसे (āṅgirase) - to Aṅgiras; तदा (tadā) - then;]

(This, from Aṅgiras having heard, Vāsava the earth this, filled with riches and jewels, gave to Aṅgiras then.)

Having heard this from Aṅgiras, Vāsava then gave this earth, filled with riches and jewels, to Aṅgiras. (13-61-90)

य इमं श्रावयेच्छ्राद्धे भूमिदानस्य संस्तवम्। न तस्य रक्षसां भागो नासुराणां भवत्युत ॥१३-६१-९१॥

ya imaṃ śrāvayeccchrāddhe bhūmidānasya saṃstavam। na tasya rakṣasāṃ bhāgo nāsurāṇāṃ bhavatyuta ॥13-61-91॥

[य (ya) - who; इमं (imaṃ) - this; श्रावयेत् (śrāvayet) - should cause to be heard; श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - at the Śrāddha ceremony; भूमिदानस्य (bhūmidānasya) - of the giving of land; संस्तवम् (saṃstavam) - praise; न (na) - not; तस्य (tasya) - of him; रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the Rākṣasas; भागः (bhāgaḥ) - share; न (na) - not; असुराणाम् (asurāṇām) - of the Asuras; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; उत (uta) - indeed;]

(Who this praise of the gift of land should cause to be heard at the Śrāddha, not of him share of the Rākṣasas nor of the Asuras becomes indeed.)

Whoever causes this praise of the gift of land to be heard at the Śrāddha ceremony, for him there is indeed no share of the Rākṣasas or Asuras. (13-61-91)

अक्षयं च भवेद्दत्तं पितृभ्यस्तन्न संशयः। तस्माच्छ्राद्धेष्विदं विप्रो भुञ्जतः श्रावयेद्द्विजान् ॥१३-६१-९२॥

akṣayaṁ ca bhaveddattaṁ pitṛbhyas-tanna saṁśayaḥ। tasmācchrāddheṣvidaṁ vipro bhuñjataḥ śrāvayeddvijān ॥13-61-92॥

[अक्षयं (akṣayam) - imperishable; च (ca) - and; भवेत् (bhavet) - it becomes; दत्तं (dattaṁ) - the gift; पितृभ्यः (pitṛbhyaḥ) - to the ancestors; तन् (tan) - that; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; श्राद्धेषु (śrāddheṣu) - in the śrāddha rites; इदं (idaṁ) - this; विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin; भुञ्जतः (bhuñjataḥ) - while eating; श्रावयेत् (śrāvayet) - should cause to be heard; द्विजान् (dvijān) - the twice-born;]

("Imperishable and becomes the gift to the ancestors, that not (is) doubt; therefore, in the śrāddha rites, this the Brahmin while eating should cause to be heard to the twice-born." (13-61-92))

"A gift made to the ancestors becomes imperishable—of this there is no doubt. Therefore, during the śrāddha rites, the Brahmin should cause this to be heard to the twice-born while eating." (13-61-92)

इत्येतत्सर्वदानानां श्रेष्ठमुक्तं तवानघ। मया भरतशार्दूल किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि ॥१३-६१-९३॥

ity etat sarva-dānānāṃ śreṣṭham uktaṃ tavānagha। mayā bharata-śārdūla kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotum icchasi॥13-61-93॥

[इति (iti) - thus; एतत् (etat) - this; सर्वदानानाम् (sarva-dānānām) - of all gifts; श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - the best; उक्तम् (uktam) - said; ते (te) - to you; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one; मया (mayā) - by me; भरतशार्दूल (bharata-śārdūla) - O tiger among the Bharatas; किम् (kim) - what; भूम्यः (bhūyaḥ) - more; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छसि (icchasi) - do you wish;]

(Thus this, of all gifts, the best has been said to you, O sinless one, by me, O tiger among the Bharatas; What more do you wish to hear?)

O sinless one, thus the best of all gifts has been explained to you by me, O tiger among the Bharatas. What more do you wish to hear? (13-61-93)