13.088
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun; name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (3rd person singular, aorist, parasmaipada, √vac);]
(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
किं स्विद्दत्तं पितृभ्यो वै भवत्यक्षयमीश्वर। किं हविश्चिररात्राय किमानन्त्याय कल्पते ॥१३-८८-१॥
kiṃ svid dattaṃ pitṛbhyo vai bhavat akṣayam īśvara। kiṃ haviś cirarātrāya kim ānantyāya kalpate ॥13-88-1॥
[किं (kiṃ) - what; स्वित् (svid) - indeed; दत्तं (dattaṃ) - given; पितृभ्यः (pitṛbhyaḥ) - to the ancestors; वै (vai) - certainly; भवत् (bhavat) - O Lord; अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable; ईश्वर (īśvara) - O Lord; किं (kiṃ) - what; हविः (haviḥ) - offering; चिररात्राय (cirarātrāya) - for a long night (long period); किम् (kim) - what; आनन्त्याय (ānantyāya) - for eternity; कल्पते (kalpate) - is fit;]
(What indeed is the offering given to the ancestors, O Lord, that is imperishable? What offering is fit for a long night? What for eternity?)
O Lord, what offering, given to the ancestors, is truly imperishable? What oblation is suitable for a long-lasting rite? What is fit for eternity? (13-88-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; (proper noun) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Bhīṣma said;)
Bhīṣma said;
हवींषि श्राद्धकल्पे तु यानि श्राद्धविदो विदुः। तानि मे शृणु काम्यानि फलं चैषां युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-८८-२॥
havīṃṣi śrāddhakalpe tu yāni śrāddhavido viduḥ। tāni me śṛṇu kāmyāni phalaṃ caiṣāṃ yudhiṣṭhira॥13-88-2॥
[हवींषि (havīṃṣi) - oblations; श्राद्धकल्पे (śrāddhakalpe) - in the rite of śrāddha; तु (tu) - but; यानि (yāni) - which; श्राद्धविदः (śrāddhavidaḥ) - knowers of śrāddha; विदुः (viduḥ) - have known; तानि (tāni) - those; मे (me) - to me; शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen; काम्यानि (kāmyāni) - desirable; फलं (phalaṃ) - fruit; च (ca) - and; एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira;]
(But in the rite of śrāddha, which oblations the knowers of śrāddha have known, those listen to me, desirable, and the fruit of these, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)
O Yudhiṣṭhira, listen to me about which oblations are prescribed in the rite of śrāddha by those who know śrāddha, as well as about their desirable fruits. (13-88-2)
तिलैर्व्रीहियवैर्माषैरद्भिर्मूलफलैस्तथा। दत्तेन मासं प्रीयन्ते श्राद्धेन पितरो नृप ॥१३-८८-३॥
tilair vṛīhi-yavaiḥ māṣaiḥ adbhir mūla-phalaiḥ tathā। dattena māsaṃ prīyante śrāddhena pitaro nṛpa ॥13-88-3॥
[तिलैः (tilaiḥ) - with sesame seeds; व्रीहियवैः (vṛīhi-yavaiḥ) - with rice and barley; माषैः (māṣaiḥ) - with black gram beans; अद्भिः (adbhir) - with water; मूलफलैः (mūla-phalaiḥ) - with roots and fruits; तथा (tathā) - also; दत्तेन (dattena) - by that which is given; मासम् (māsaṃ) - for a month; प्रीयन्ते (prīyante) - are satisfied; श्राद्धेन (śrāddhena) - by the śrāddha ceremony; पितरः (pitaro) - fathers; ancestors; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]
(With sesame seeds, with rice and barley, with black gram beans, with water, with roots and fruits also, by that which is given, for a month, are satisfied by the śrāddha ceremony the ancestors, O king.)
O king, by the śrāddha ceremony, offering sesame seeds, rice and barley, black gram beans, water, and roots and fruits, the ancestors are satisfied for a month. (13-88-3)
वर्धमानतिलं श्राद्धमक्षयं मनुरब्रवीत्। सर्वेष्वेव तु भोज्येषु तिलाः प्राधान्यतः स्मृताः ॥१३-८८-४॥
vardhamānatilaṃ śrāddham akṣayaṃ manur abravīt। sarveṣv eva tu bhojyeṣu tilāḥ prādhānyataḥ smṛtāḥ॥13-88-4॥
[वर्धमानतिलं (vardhamānatilam) - with increasing sesame seeds; श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - oblation (rite for ancestors); अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable; मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (the lawgiver); अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; सर्वेषु एव (sarveṣu eva) - among all; तु (tu) - but; भोज्येषु (bhojyeṣu) - in oblations/foods; तिलाः (tilāḥ) - sesame seeds; प्राधान्यतः (prādhānyataḥ) - primarily; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered;]
(With increasing sesame seeds, the oblation (śrāddha) is imperishable, Manu said. But among all oblations, sesame seeds are considered primarily.)
Manu said that an oblation accompanied by abundant sesame seeds is imperishable. Among all foods offered at oblations, sesame seeds are regarded as preeminent. (13-88-4)
द्वौ मासौ तु भवेत्तृप्तिर्मत्स्यैः पितृगणस्य ह। त्रीन्मासानाविकेनाहुश्चातुर्मास्यं शशेन तु ॥१३-८८-५॥
dvau māsau tu bhavet tṛptir matsyaiḥ pitṛ-gaṇasya ha. trīn māsān āvikena āhuḥ cāturmāsyam śaśena tu ॥13-88-5॥
[द्वौ (dvau) - two; मासौ (māsau) - months; तु (tu) - but; भवेत् (bhavet) - may be; तृप्तिः (tṛptiḥ) - satisfaction; मत्स्यैः (matsyaiḥ) - by fishes; पितृगणस्य (pitṛ-gaṇasya) - of the group of ancestors; ह (ha) - indeed; तीन् (trīn) - three; मासान् (māsān) - months; आविकेन (āvikena) - by mutton; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; चातुर्मास्यम् (cāturmāsyam) - in the four-month rite; शशेन (śaśena) - by a hare; तु (tu) - but;]
(Two months but may be satisfaction by fishes of the group of ancestors indeed. Three months by mutton, they say, in the cāturmāsya (four-month rite) but by a hare.)
The group of ancestors is said to be satisfied by fishes for two months; by mutton for three months, and in the cāturmāsya rite, by a hare. (13-88-5)
आजेन मासान्प्रीयन्ते पञ्चैव पितरो नृप। वाराहेण तु षण्मासान्सप्त वै शाकुनेन तु ॥१३-८८-६॥
ājena māsān prīyante pañcaiva pitaro nṛpa। vārāheṇa tu ṣaṇmāsān sapta vai śākunena tu ॥13-88-6॥
[आजेन (ājena) - by a goat; by offering a goat; मासान् (māsān) - months; प्रीयन्ते (prīyante) - are pleased; become satisfied; पञ्चैव (pañca eva) - five indeed; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors; नृप (nṛpa) - O king; वाराहेण (vārāheṇa) - by a boar; by offering a boar; तु (tu) - but; षण्मासान् (ṣaṇmāsān) - six months; सप्त (sapta) - seven; वै (vai) - indeed; truly; शाकुनेन (śākunena) - by a fowl; by offering a bird (chicken/hen); तु (tu) - but;]
(By a goat, for months, are pleased (for) five indeed (the) ancestors, O king. By a boar, but, for six months, (for) seven indeed, by a fowl but.)
O king, the ancestors are pleased for five months when a goat is offered. But by offering a boar, they are pleased for six months, and by offering a fowl, for seven months indeed. (13-88-6)
मासानष्टौ पार्षतेन रौरवेण नवैव तु। गवयस्य तु मांसेन तृप्तिः स्याद्दशमासिकी ॥१३-८८-७॥
māsānaṣṭau pārṣatena rauraveṇa navaiva tu। gavayasya tu māṃsena tṛptiḥ syādaśamāsikī॥13-88-7॥
[मासान् (māsān) - months (accusative plural); अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight; पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by the flesh of a spotted deer; रौरवेण (rauraveṇa) - by (the flesh of) a ruru-deer (large wild deer); नवैव (navaiva) - nine indeed (only); तु (tu) - but; गवयस्य (gavayasya) - of a wild ox; तु (tu) - but; मांसेन (māṃsena) - by the flesh; तृप्तिः (tṛptiḥ) - satisfaction; स्यात् (syāt) - may be; दशमासिकी (daśamāsikī) - ten-month long;]
(Eight months (of satiation) by the flesh of a spotted deer; by (the flesh of) a ruru-deer indeed only nine but; of a wild ox but by the flesh satisfaction may be ten-month long.)
Satisfaction lasts for eight months by the flesh of a spotted deer; by the flesh of a ruru-deer, only nine months; but by the flesh of a wild ox, satisfaction may last ten months. (13-88-7)
मासानेकादश प्रीतिः पितॄणां माहिषेण तु। गव्येन दत्ते श्राद्धे तु संवत्सरमिहोच्यते ॥१३-८८-८॥
māsānekādaśa prītiḥ pitṝṇāṃ māhiṣeṇa tu। gavyena datte śrāddhe tu saṃvatsaram ihocyate॥13-88-8॥
[मासान् एकादश (māsān ekādaśa) - months eleven; प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - satisfaction; पितॄणां (pitṝṇāṃ) - of the ancestors; माहिषेण (māhiṣeṇa) - with (the offering of) buffalo (meat); तु (tu) - but; गव्येन (gavyena) - with (the offering of) cow (meat); दत्ते (datte) - when given; श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - at the śrāddha (rite for ancestors); तु (tu) - but; संवत्सरम् (saṃvatsaram) - a year; इह (iha) - here; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]
(Eleven months satisfaction of the ancestors (results) with (the offering of) buffalo (meat); but with (the offering of) cow (meat), when given at the śrāddha, but a year here is said.)
It is said here that the ancestors are satisfied for eleven months when buffalo meat is offered; but when cow meat is given at the śrāddha, it is said to provide satisfaction for a year. (13-88-8)
यथा गव्यं तथा युक्तं पायसं सर्पिषा सह। वाध्रीणसस्य मांसेन तृप्तिर्द्वादशवार्षिकी ॥१३-८८-९॥
yathā gavyaṃ tathā yuktaṃ pāyasaṃ sarpiṣā saha। vādhriṇasasya māṃsena tṛptirdvādaśavārṣikī ॥13-88-9॥
[यथा (yathā) - just as; गव्यं (gavyaṃ) - cow's milk; तथा (tathā) - so; युक्तं (yuktaṃ) - mixed; पायसं (pāyasaṃ) - rice pudding; सर्पिषा (sarpiṣā) - with ghee; सह (saha) - together; वाध्रीणसस्य (vādhriṇasasya) - of the ram; मांसेन (māṃsena) - with meat; तृप्तिः (tṛptiḥ) - satisfaction; द्वादशवार्षिकी (dvādaśavārṣikī) - lasting twelve years;]
(Just as cow's milk, so mixed rice pudding with ghee together; of the ram with meat, satisfaction lasting twelve years.)
Just as cow's milk, so rice pudding mixed with ghee, and satisfaction from the meat of a ram last for twelve years. (13-88-9)
आनन्त्याय भवेद्दत्तं खड्गमांसं पितृक्षये। कालशाकं च लौहं चाप्यानन्त्यं छाग उच्यते ॥१३-८८-१०॥
ānantyāya bhaved dattaṃ khaḍgamāṃsaṃ pitṛkṣaye। kālaśākaṃ ca lauhaṃ ca api ānantyaṃ chāga ucyate॥13-88-10॥
[आनन्त्याय (ānantyāya) - for endlessness; भवेत् (bhavet) - arises; दत्तं (dattaṃ) - given; खड्गमांसं (khaḍgamāṃsaṃ) - rhinoceros meat; पितृक्षये (pitṛkṣaye) - at the ceremony for ancestors; कालशाकं (kālaśākaṃ) - black nightshade (Solanum nigrum); च (ca) - and; लौहं (lauhaṃ) - iron; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; आनन्त्यं (ānantyaṃ) - endlessness; छाग (chāga) - goat; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]
(For endlessness arises when rhinoceros meat is given at the ceremony for ancestors. Black nightshade and iron also—goat is also said (to produce) endlessness.)
It is said that giving rhinoceros meat at ancestral rites leads to endlessness. Also, black nightshade and iron, and the goat, are described as producing endlessness. (13-88-10)
गाथाश्चाप्यत्र गायन्ति पितृगीता युधिष्ठिर। सनत्कुमारो भगवान्पुरा मय्यभ्यभाषत ॥१३-८८-११॥
gāthāś cāpy atra gāyanti pitṛgītā yudhiṣṭhira. sanatkumāro bhagavān purā mayy abhyabhāṣata ॥13-88-11॥
[गाथाः (gāthāḥ) - verses; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अत्र (atra) - here; गायन्ति (gāyanti) - sing; पितृगीताः (pitṛgītāḥ) - songs of the ancestors; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira; सनत्कुमारः (sanatkumāraḥ) - Sanatkumara; भगवान् (bhagavān) - the venerable one; पुरा (purā) - formerly; मयि (mayi) - to me; अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke;]
(Verses and also here sing the songs of the ancestors, O Yudhishthira. Sanatkumara, the venerable one, formerly to me spoke.)
O Yudhishthira, here also the verses called 'songs of the ancestors' are sung. Formerly, the venerable Sanatkumara spoke to me. (13-88-11)
अपि नः स कुले जायाद्यो नो दद्यात्त्रयोदशीम्। मघासु सर्पिषा युक्तं पायसं दक्षिणायने ॥१३-८८-१२॥
api naḥ sa kule jāyād yo no dadyāt trayodaśīm. maghāsu sarpiṣā yuktaṃ pāyasaṃ dakṣiṇāyane ॥13-88-12॥
[अपि (api) - indeed; नः (naḥ) - our; स (sa) - he; कुले (kule) - in the family; जायात् (jāyāt) - may be born; यः (yaḥ) - who; नः (naḥ) - to us; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - would give; त्रयोदशीम् (trayodaśīm) - the thirteenth (lunar day); मघासु (maghāsu) - when (the moon is) in Maghā (nakṣatra); सर्पिषा (sarpiṣā) - with ghee; युक्तं (yuktaṃ) - mixed (with); पायसं (pāyasaṃ) - rice pudding; दक्षिणायने (dakṣiṇāyane) - in the southern course (of the sun);]
(Indeed, may he be born in our family, who would give to us (on) the thirteenth (lunar day) when (the moon is) in Maghā, rice pudding mixed with ghee, in the southern course (of the sun).)
May a person be born in our family who would give us rice pudding with ghee during the southern solstice, on the thirteenth day when the moon is in Maghā. (13-88-12)
आजेन वापि लौहेन मघास्वेव यतव्रतः। हस्तिच्छायासु विधिवत्कर्णव्यजनवीजितम् ॥१३-८८-१३॥
ājena vāpi lau hena maghāsveva yatavrataḥ. hasticchāyāsu vidhivat karṇavyajanavījitam ॥13-88-13॥
[आजेन (ājena) - with silver; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; लौहेन (lauhena) - with iron; मघासु (maghāsu) - in Maghā (nakshatra); एव (eva) - just; यतव्रतः (yatavrataḥ) - having self-controlled vows; हस्तिच्छायासु (hasticchāyāsu) - under shade of elephants; विधिवत् (vidhivat) - properly; कर्णव्यजनवीजितम् (karṇavyajanavījitam) - fanned by ear-fans;]
(With silver or also with iron, in Maghā(nakshatra) just, he having self-controlled vows, under shade of elephants, properly, fanned with ear-fans.)
Either with a silver or iron (implement), in the Maghā constellation itself, the self-restrained one, under the shade of elephants, should properly be fanned with ear-fans. (13-88-13)
एष्टव्या बहवः पुत्रा यद्येकोऽपि गयां व्रजेत्। यत्रासौ प्रथितो लोकेष्वक्षय्यकरणो वटः ॥१३-८८-१४॥
eṣṭavyā bahavaḥ putrā yadyeko'pi gayāṃ vrajet। yatrāsau prathito lokeṣvakṣayyakaraṇo vaṭaḥ ॥13-88-14॥
[एष्टव्या (eṣṭavyā) - to be desired; to be sought; बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; यदि (yadi) - if; एकः (ekaḥ) - one; अपि (api) - even; गयाम् (gayām) - to Gayā; व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should go; would go; यत्र (yatra) - where; असौ (asau) - that; प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - well-known; famous; लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds; अक्षय्यकरणः (akṣayyakaraṇaḥ) - making imperishable; cause of imperishability; वटः (vaṭaḥ) - banyan tree;]
(Many sons are to be desired, if even one would go to Gayā, where that banyan tree, making imperishable (results), is famous in the worlds.)
It is desirable to have many sons, so that even if only one goes to Gayā—where the famous banyan tree, known for granting imperishable results, stands—one gains benefit. (13-88-14)
आपो मूलं फलं मांसमन्नं वापि पितृक्षये। यत्किञ्चिन्मधुसंमिश्रं तदानन्त्याय कल्पते ॥१३-८८-१५॥
āpo mūlaṃ phalaṃ māṃsa-m annaṃ vā api pitṛ-kṣaye। yatkiñcin madhu-saṃmiśraṃ tat anantyāya kalpate ॥13-88-15॥
[आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; मूलम् (mūlam) - root; फलम् (phalam) - fruit; मांसम् (māṃsam) - meat; अन्नम् (annam) - food; वा अपि (vā api) - or also; पितृक्षये (pitṛ-kṣaye) - at the śrāddha for ancestors; यत्किञ्चित् (yatkiñcit) - whatever; मधु-संमिश्रम् (madhu-saṃmiśram) - mixed with honey; तत् (tat) - that; अनन्त्याय (anantyāya) - for endless (result); कल्पते (kalpate) - serves (as);]
(Waters, root, fruit, meat, food, or also, at the śrāddha for ancestors, whatever mixed with honey, that for endless (result), serves.)
Waters, roots, fruits, meat, or food—whatever is mixed with honey at the śrāddha for the ancestors—that serves for endless (reward). (13-88-15)
