13.092

भीष्म उवाच॥

bhīṣma uvāca॥

[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Bhīṣma said;)

Bhīṣma said.

तथा विधौ प्रवृत्ते तु सर्व एव महर्षयः। पितृयज्ञानकुर्वन्त विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥१३-९२-१॥

tathā vidhau pravṛtte tu sarva eva maharṣayaḥ। pitṛ-yajñānakurvanta vidhidṛṣṭena karmaṇā ॥13-92-1॥

[तथा (tathā) - thus; विधौ (vidhau) - at the rite; प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having begun; तु (tu) - but; सर्व (sarva) - all; एव (eva) - indeed; महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages; पितृयज्ञानकुर्वन्त (pitṛ-yajñānakurvanta) - perform the ancestral sacrifices; विधिदृष्टेन (vidhidṛṣṭena) - as prescribed by rule; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - with action;]

(Thus, when the rite has begun, but all indeed great sages perform the ancestral sacrifices with action prescribed by rule.)

Thus, when the rite is commenced, all the great sages indeed perform the sacrifices to the ancestors according to prescribed procedure. (13-92-1)

ऋषयो धर्मनित्यास्तु कृत्वा निवपनान्युत। तर्पणं चाप्यकुर्वन्त तीर्थाम्भोभिर्यतव्रताः ॥१३-९२-२॥

ṛṣayo dharmanityāstu kṛtvā nivapanānyuta. tarpaṇaṃ cāpyakurvanta tīrthāmbhobhiryatavratāḥ ॥13-92-2॥

[ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages; धर्मनित्याः (dharmanityāḥ) - perpetually righteous; तु (tu) - but; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed; निवपनानि (nivapanāni) - oblation-offerings; उत (uta) - and; तर्पणं (tarpaṇam) - libation; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they performed; तीर्थाम्भोभिः (tīrthāmbhobhiḥ) - with sacred waters; यतव्रताः (yatavratāḥ) - self-restrained in their vows;]

(Sages perpetually righteous but, having performed oblation-offerings and, indeed, libations also, they performed with sacred waters, self-restrained in their vows.)

The sages, who were always devoted to righteousness, having performed oblation-offerings, and also made libations with holy waters, carried out these rites with self-restraint and sincerity in their vows. (13-92-2)

निवापैर्दीयमानैश्च चातुर्वर्ण्येन भारत। तर्पिताः पितरो देवास्ते नान्नं जरयन्ति वै ॥१३-९२-३॥

nivāpairdīyamānaiś ca cāturvarṇyena bhārata। tarpitāḥ pitaro devās te nānnaṃ jarayanti vai ॥13-92-3॥

[निवापैः (nivāpaiḥ) - with offerings of food; दीयमानैः (dīyamānaiḥ) - being given; च (ca) - and; चातुर्वर्ण्येन (cāturvarṇyena) - by the fourfold order (of society); भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; तर्पिताः (tarpitāḥ) - satisfied; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the ancestors; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; ते (te) - they; ना (na) - not; अन्नम् (annam) - food; जरयन्ति (jarayanti) - consume; वै (vai) - indeed;]

(With offerings of food being given and by the fourfold order, O Bhārata, the ancestors, the gods, being satisfied, they do not consume food indeed.)

O Bhārata, by the fourfold order giving offerings of food, when the ancestors and gods are satisfied, they indeed do not consume the food. (13-92-3)

अजीर्णेनाभिहन्यन्ते ते देवाः पितृभिः सह। सोममेवाभ्यपद्यन्त निवापान्नाभिपीडिताः ॥१३-९२-४॥

ajīrṇenābhihanyante te devāḥ pitṛbhiḥ saha। somamevābhyapadyanta nivāpānnābhipīḍitāḥ ॥13-92-4॥

[अजीर्णेन (ajīrṇena) - by indigestion; अभिहन्यन्ते (abhihanyante) - are afflicted; ते (te) - those; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - with the ancestors; सह (saha) - together; सोमम् (somam) - Soma (juice/plant); एव (eva) - indeed; अभ्यपद्यन्त (abhyapadyanta) - they resorted to; निवाप-अन्न-अभिपीडिताः (nivāpa-anna-abhipīḍitāḥ) - oppressed by sacrificial oblation food;]

(By indigestion, those gods together with the ancestors are afflicted; indeed they resorted to Soma, oppressed by sacrificial oblation food.)

Afflicted by indigestion, those gods together with their ancestors, being oppressed by sacrificial food, resorted only to Soma. (13-92-4)

तेऽब्रुवन्सोममासाद्य पितरोऽजीर्णपीडिताः। निवापान्नेन पीड्यामः श्रेयो नोऽत्र विधीयताम् ॥१३-९२-५॥

te 'bruvan somam āsādya pitaro 'jīrṇapīḍitāḥ। nivāpānnena pīḍyāmaḥ śreyo no 'tra vidhīyatām॥13-92-5॥

[ते (te) - they; अब्रुवन् ('abruvan) - said; सोमम् (somam) - Soma (the sacred drink); आसाद्य (āsādya) - having obtained; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the Fathers (ancestral spirits); अजीर्णपीडिताः (ajīrṇapīḍitāḥ) - afflicted by indigestion; निवाप-अन्नेन (nivāpa-annenā) - with oblation-food; पीड्यामः (pīḍyāmaḥ) - we are distressed; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - a better course; नः (naḥ) - for us; अत्र (atra) - here; विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let it be established;]

(They said, having obtained Soma, the Fathers afflicted by indigestion: with the oblation-food we are distressed; a better course for us let it be established here.)

The Fathers, afflicted by indigestion after obtaining Soma, said: "We are distressed by the oblation-food; let a better way be established for us here." (13-92-5)

तान्सोमः प्रत्युवाचाथ श्रेयश्चेदीप्सितं सुराः। स्वयम्भूसदनं यात स वः श्रेयो विधास्यति ॥१३-९२-६॥

tān somaḥ pratyuvācātha śreyaś ced īpsitaṁ surāḥ। svayambhūsadanaṁ yāta sa vaḥ śreyo vidhāsyati ॥13-92-6॥

[तान् (tān) - them; सोमः (somaḥ) - Soma (the deity); प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied; अथ (atha) - then; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - the better (good); चेत् (cet) - if; ईप्सितं (īpsitam) - desired; सुराः (surāḥ) - O gods; स्वयम्भू-सदनं (svayambhū-sadanam) - abode of the Self-born (Brahmā); यात (yāta) - go; सः (saḥ) - he; वः (vaḥ) - for you; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good (the better); विधास्यति (vidhāsyati) - will grant;]

(Them Soma replied then, "If the better (good) is desired, O gods, go to the abode of the Self-born; he for you good will grant." (13-92-6))

Soma then replied to them, "If you desire what is best, O gods, go to the abode of the Self-born (Brahmā); he will grant you your good." (13-92-6)

ते सोमवचनाद्देवाः पितृभिः सह भारत। मेरुशृङ्गे समासीनं पितामहमुपागमन् ॥१३-९२-७॥

te somavacanād devāḥ pitṛbhiḥ saha bhārata. meruśṛṅge samāsīnaṃ pitāmaham upāgaman ॥13-92-7॥

[ते (te) - they; सोमवचनात् (somavacanāt) - from Soma's words; देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods; पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - with the ancestors; सह (saha) - together with; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; मेरुशृङ्गे (meruśṛṅge) - on the peak of Meru; समासीनं (samāsīnam) - seated; पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - the Grandfather (Brahmā); उपागमन् (upāgaman) - approached;]

(They, from Soma's words, the gods, with the ancestors, together, O Bhārata, on the peak of Meru, seated, the Grandfather, approached.)

O Bhārata, the gods, together with the ancestors, having heard Soma's words, approached the Grandfather (Brahmā), who was seated on the peak of Meru. (13-92-7)

पितर ऊचुः॥

pitar ūcuḥ॥

[पितर (pitar) - ancestors; fathers; ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said;]

(ancestors said;)

The ancestors said;

निवापान्नेन भगवन्भृशं पीड्यामहे वयम्। प्रसादं कुरु नो देव श्रेयो नः संविधीयताम् ॥१३-९२-८॥

nivāpānnena bhagavan bhṛśaṃ pīḍyāmahe vayam। prasādaṃ kuru no deva śreyo naḥ saṃvidhīyatām ॥13-92-8॥

[निवापान्नेन (nivāpānnena) - by the food of offerings; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O revered one; भृशं (bhṛśam) - greatly; पीड्यामहे (pīḍyāmahe) - we are afflicted; वयम् (vayam) - we; प्रसादं (prasādam) - grace; कुरु (kuru) - bestow; नः (naḥ) - for us; देव (deva) - O god; श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - the better; welfare; नः (naḥ) - for us; संविधीयताम् (saṃvidhīyatām) - let it be provided;]

(By the food of offerings, O revered one, greatly we are afflicted, we. Grace bestow for us, O god; welfare for us let it be provided.)

O revered one, we are greatly afflicted by the food of offerings. O god, bestow your grace upon us; let welfare be provided for us. (13-92-8)

इति तेषां वचः श्रुत्वा स्वयम्भूरिदमब्रवीत्। एष मे पार्श्वतो वह्निर्युष्मच्छ्रेयो विधास्यति ॥१३-९२-९॥

iti teṣāṃ vacaḥ śrutvā svayambhūr idam abravīt। eṣa me pārśvato vahnir yuṣmac-chreyo vidhāsyati ॥13-92-9॥

[इति (iti) - thus; तेषां (teṣām) - of them; वचः (vacaḥ) - words; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; स्वयम्भूः (svayambhūḥ) - the self-born; इदम् (idam) - this; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; एष (eṣa) - this; मे (me) - my; पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - beside; वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire; युष्मत्-श्रेयो (yuṣmat-śreyo) - your welfare; विधास्यति (vidhāsyati) - will accomplish;]

(Thus of them words having heard, the Self-born this said: This my beside fire your welfare will accomplish.)

Having thus heard their words, the Self-born said this: "This fire at my side will accomplish your welfare." (13-92-9)

अग्निरुवाच॥

agniruvāca॥

[अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; (the fire god;) उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Agni said;)

Agni said.

सहितास्तात भोक्ष्यामो निवापे समुपस्थिते। जरयिष्यथ चाप्यन्नं मया सार्धं न संशयः ॥१३-९२-१०॥

sahitāstāta bhokṣyāmo nivāpe samupasthite। jarayiṣyatha cāpyannaṃ mayā sārdhaṃ na saṃśayaḥ ॥13-92-10॥

[सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - together; united; तात (tāta) - O dear one; O father; भोक्ष्यामः (bhokṣyāmaḥ) - we shall eat; (future of √bhuj, eat); निवापे (nivāpe) - in the offering of food; समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - having arrived; being present; जरयिष्यथ (jarayiṣyatha) - you (pl.) will consume; you will digest; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अन्नम् (annam) - food; मया (mayā) - by me; with me; सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with; न (na) - not; no; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - doubt;]

(Together, O dear one, we shall eat at the offering of food having arrived. You also will consume food with me, no doubt.)

O dear one, when the offering of food is present, we shall eat together. You will also consume the food along with me, without any doubt. (13-92-10)

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु पितरस्ततस्ते विज्वराभवन्। एतस्मात्कारणाच्चाग्नेः प्राक्तनं दीयते नृप ॥१३-९२-११॥

etac chrutvā tu pitaras tataḥ te vijvarā bhavan। etasmāt kāraṇāc cāgneḥ prāktanaṃ dīyate nṛpa ॥13-92-11॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; तु (tu) - but; पितरः (pitaras) - fathers; ancestors; ततः (tataḥ) - then; ते (te) - they; विज्वराः (vijvarāḥ) - free from fever (free from affliction); अभवन् (abhavan) - became; एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this; कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - reason; cause; च (ca) - and; अग्नेः (agneḥ) - of Agni; प्राक्तनम् (prāktanam) - previous (what was before); दीयते (dīyate) - is given; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]

(This having heard but fathers then they free from fever became. From this reason and of Agni previous is given, O king.)

But, having heard this, the ancestors then became free from their affliction. Therefore, O king, the previous (offering) to Agni is given for this reason. (13-92-11)

निवप्ते चाग्निपूर्वे वै निवापे पुरुषर्षभ। न ब्रह्मराक्षसास्तं वै निवापं धर्षयन्त्युत ॥ रक्षांसि चापवर्तन्ते स्थिते देवे विभावसौ ॥१३-९२-१२॥

nivapte cāgnipūrve vai nivāpe puruṣarṣabha। na brahmarākṣasāstaṃ vai nivāpaṃ dharṣayantyuta॥ rakṣāṃsi cāpavartante sthite deve vibhāvasau॥13-92-12॥

[निवप्ते (nivapte) - having been offered; (from root vap, to offer) ; च (ca) - and; अग्निपूर्वे (agnipūrve) - preceded by fire; वै (vai) - indeed; निवापे (nivāpe) - oblation; पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men; न (na) - not; ब्रह्मराक्षसाः (brahmarākṣasāḥ) - brahmarākṣasas; तम् (tam) - that; वै (vai) - indeed; निवापम् (nivāpam) - oblation; धर्षयन्ति (dharṣayanti) - violate; उत (uta) - moreover; रक्षांसि (rakṣāṃsi) - rakṣasas (demons); च (ca) - and; अपवर्तन्ते (apavartante) - turn away; स्थिते (sthite) - when present; देवे (deve) - the god; विभावसौ (vibhāvasau) - the fire;]

(When the oblation, indeed preceded by fire, has been offered, O best of men, neither brahmarākṣasas violate that oblation indeed, moreover, the rakṣasas also turn away, when the god fire is present.)

O best of men, when the oblation has been properly offered with fire, neither do the brahmarākṣasas violate that oblation, nor do the rakṣasas approach; for when the god Fire is present, they turn away. (13-92-12)

पूर्वं पिण्डं पितुर्दद्यात्ततो दद्यात्पितामहे। प्रपितामहाय च तत एष श्राद्धविधिः स्मृतः ॥१३-९२-१३॥

pūrvaṃ piṇḍaṃ pitur dadyāt tato dadyāt pitāmahe। prapitāmahāya ca tata eṣa śrāddhavidhiḥ smṛtaḥ ॥13-92-13॥

[पूर्वं (pūrvaṃ) (pūrvaṃ) - first; earlier; previously; पिण्डं (piṇḍam) (piṇḍam) - the offering (rice-ball); पितुः (pituḥ) (pituḥ) - of the father; दद्यात् (dadyāt) (dadyāt) - one should give; ततः (tataḥ) (tataḥ) - then; after that; दद्यात् (dadyāt) (dadyāt) - one should give; पितामहे (pitāmahe) (pitāmahe) - to the grandfather; प्रपितामहाय (prapitāmahāya) (prapitāmahāya) - to the great-grandfather; च (ca) (ca) - and; तत (tata) (tata) - thereafter; एष (eṣa) (eṣa) - this; श्राद्धविधिः (śrāddhavidhiḥ) (śrāddhavidhiḥ) - the procedure of śrāddha; स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) (smṛtaḥ) - has been remembered; is prescribed;]

(First, one should give the offering to the father; then one should give to the grandfather; to the great-grandfather and thereafter. This is the procedure of śrāddha as remembered.)

One should first offer the piṇḍa to the father, then to the grandfather, and then to the great-grandfather in that order; this is known as the prescribed procedure for the śrāddha rite. (13-92-13)

ब्रूयाच्छ्राद्धे च सावित्रीं पिण्डे पिण्डे समाहितः। सोमायेति च वक्तव्यं तथा पितृमतेति च ॥१३-९२-१४॥

brūyāc chrāddhe ca sāvitrīṃ piṇḍe piṇḍe samāhitaḥ। somāyeti ca vaktavyaṃ tathā pitṛmateti ca ॥13-92-14॥

[ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak; श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - at the śrāddha rite; च (ca) - and; सावित्रीं (sāvitrīm) - Sāvitrī (Gāyatrī mantra, accusative singular); पिण्डे पिण्डे (piṇḍe piṇḍe) - on each piṇḍa (rice-ball); समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - with concentrated mind; सोमाय (somāya) - to Soma (the deity); इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; वक्तव्यम् (vaktavyam) - should be said; तथा (tathā) - thus; in the same way; पितृमते (pitṛmate) - to Pitṛmat (the fatherly one, lord of ancestors); इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and;]

(One should speak the Sāvitrī at the śrāddha rite, on each piṇḍa, with concentrated mind; 'to Soma' thus also should be said, likewise 'to Pitṛmat' thus and.)

At the śrāddha, one should recite the Sāvitrī mantra on each rice-ball with a concentrated mind; 'to Soma' and 'to Pitṛmat' should similarly be uttered. (13-92-14)

रजस्वला च या नारी व्यङ्गिता कर्णयोश्च या। निवापे नोपतिष्ठेत सङ्ग्राह्या नान्यवंशजाः ॥१३-९२-१५॥

rajasvalā ca yā nārī vyaṅgitā karṇayoś ca yā। nivāpe nopatiṣṭheta saṅgrāhyā nānya-vaṃśajāḥ ॥13-92-15॥

[रजस्वला (rajasvalā) - menstruating (woman); च (ca) - and; या (yā) - who; नारी (nārī) - woman; व्यङ्गिता (vyaṅgitā) - (woman) whose ears are deformed; कर्णयोः (karṇayoḥ) - of (her) ears; च (ca) - and; या (yā) - who; निवापे (nivāpe) - in the offering; न (na) - not; उपतिष्ठेत् (upatiṣṭheta) - should attend; सङ्ग्राह्या (saṅgrāhyā) - should be accepted (in ritual); न (na) - not; अन्यवंशजाः (anya-vaṃśajāḥ) - those born of another family;]

(And the menstruating woman, and the woman whose ears are deformed, who—at the offering—should not attend, should not be accepted (in ritual), nor those born of another family.)

A menstruating woman, a woman whose ears are deformed, and those born of another family—none of these should attend the offering, nor should they be accepted in ritual. (13-92-15)

जलं प्रतरमाणश्च कीर्तयेत पितामहान्। नदीमासाद्य कुर्वीत पितॄणां पिण्डतर्पणम् ॥१३-९२-१६॥

jalaṃ prataramāṇaś ca kīrtayet pitāmahān। nadīm āsādya kurvīta pitṝṇāṃ piṇḍatarpaṇam ॥13-92-16॥

[जलं (jalaṃ) - water; प्रतरमाणः (prataramāṇaḥ) - crossing; च (ca) - and; कीर्तयेत् (kīrtayet) - should remember; पितामहान् (pitāmahān) - ancestors; नदीम् (nadīm) - river; आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform; पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of the ancestors; पिण्डतर्पणम् (piṇḍatarpaṇam) - offering of balls of rice (piṇḍa) as oblation;]

(Crossing water and also, he should remember the ancestors; having approached the river, he should perform the offering of rice balls to the ancestors.)

When crossing water, one should remember the ancestors; upon approaching the river, he should make the piṇḍa offering for the ancestors. (13-92-16)

पूर्वं स्ववंशजानां तु कृत्वाद्भिस्तर्पणं पुनः। सुहृत्सम्बन्धिवर्गाणां ततो दद्याज्जलाञ्जलिम् ॥१३-९२-१७॥

pūrvaṃ svavaṃśajānāṃ tu kṛtvā adbhiḥ tarpaṇaṃ punaḥ। suhṛt-sambandhi-vargāṇāṃ tato dadyāt jalāñjalim ॥13-92-17॥

[पूर्वं (pūrvaṃ) - first; स्ववंशजानां (svavaṃśajānāṃ) - of one's own lineage-born; तु (tu) - but; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; अद्भिः (adbhiḥ) - with waters; तर्पणं (tarpaṇam) - satisfying (offering); पुनः (punaḥ) - then; सुहृत् (suhṛt) - friend; सम्बन्धि (sambandhi) - relative; वर्गाणां (vargāṇāṃ) - of the group; ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter; दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give; जलाञ्जलिम् (jalāñjalim) - handful of water;]

(First, of one's own lineage-born but, having performed the satisfying (offering) with waters, then, of the group of friends and relatives, thereafter one should give a handful of water.)

First, having satisfied one's own ancestors with libations of water, then one should offer a handful of water to the group of friends and relatives. (13-92-17)

कल्माषगोयुगेनाथ युक्तेन तरतो जलम्। पितरोऽभिलषन्ते वै नावं चाप्यधिरोहतः ॥ सदा नावि जलं तज्ज्ञाः प्रयच्छन्ति समाहिताः ॥१३-९२-१८॥

kalmāṣagoyugenātha yuktena tarato jalam। pitaro'bhilaṣante vai nāvaṃ cāpyAdhirohataḥ ॥ sadā nāvi jalaṃ tajjñāḥ prayacchanti samāhitāḥ ॥13-92-18॥

[कल्माषगोयुगेन (kalmāṣagoyugena) - with a yoke of black oxen; अथ (atha) - then; युक्तेन (yuktena) - yoked; तरतः (tarataḥ) - while crossing; जलं (jalam) - water; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors; अभिलषन्ते (abhilaṣante) - desire; वै (vai) - indeed; नावम् (nāvam) - boat; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अधिरोहतः (adhirohataḥ) - for those who have ascended; सदा (sadā) - always; नवि (navi) - in the boat; जलं (jalam) - water; तज्ज्ञाः (tajjñāḥ) - those who know thus; प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - offer; समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - with concentration;]

(With a yoke of black oxen then yoked, while crossing water, the ancestors indeed desire a boat and also for those who have ascended. Always in the boat, water those who know thus offer with concentration.)

The ancestors, when crossing the water with a yoked team of black oxen, desire a boat and wish that those who have ascended may have one too. Those who know thus always offer water with concentration in the boat. (13-92-18)

मासार्धे कृष्णपक्षस्य कुर्यान्निवपनानि वै। पुष्टिरायुस्तथा वीर्यं श्रीश्चैव पितृवर्तिनः ॥१३-९२-१९॥

māsārdhe kṛṣṇapakṣasya kuryān nivapanāni vai। puṣṭir āyuḥ tathā vīryaṃ śrīś caiva pitṛvartinaḥ ॥13-92-19॥

[मासार्धे (māsārdhe) - in the half-month; (ardha-māsa: half-month) कृष्णपक्षस्य (kṛṣṇapakṣasya) - of the dark fortnight; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should perform; निवपनानि (nivapanāni) - oblations (to ancestors); वै (vai) - indeed; पुष्टिः (puṣṭiḥ) - nourishment; आयुः (āyuḥ) - long life; तथा (tathā) - as well as; वीर्यम् (vīryam) - strength; श्रीः (śrīḥ) - prosperity; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; पितृवर्तिनः (pitṛvartinaḥ) - of one who attends to ancestors;]

(In the half-month of the dark fortnight, one should indeed perform oblations; nourishment, long life, as well as strength, and prosperity indeed (come to) the one who attends to ancestors.)

One should perform ancestor-offerings during the half-month of the dark fortnight; nourishment, longevity, strength, and prosperity accrue to the person who serves the ancestors. (13-92-19)

पितामहः पुलस्त्यश्च वसिष्ठः पुलहस्तथा। अङ्गिराश्च क्रतुश्चैव कश्यपश्च महानृषिः ॥ एते कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ महायोगेश्वराः स्मृताः ॥१३-९२-२०॥

pitāmahaḥ pulastyaś ca vasiṣṭhaḥ pulahas tathā। aṅgirāś ca kratuś caiva kaśyapaś ca mahān ṛṣiḥ ॥ ete kurukulāśreṣṭha mahāyogeśvarāḥ smṛtāḥ ॥13-92-20॥

[पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - the Grandfather (Brahmā); पुलस्त्यः (pulastyaḥ) - Pulastya; च (ca) - and; वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha; पुलहः (pulahah) - Pulaha; तथा (tathā) - also; अङ्गिराः (aṅgirāḥ) - Aṅgirās; च (ca) - and; क्रतुः (kratuḥ) - Kratu; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; कश्यपः (kaśyapaḥ) - Kaśyapa; च (ca) - and; महान् ऋषिः (mahān ṛṣiḥ) - the great sage; एते (ete) - these; कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ (kurukulāśreṣṭha) - best of the Kuru lineage; महायोगेश्वराः (mahāyogeśvarāḥ) - great lords of yoga; स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are remembered;]

(The Grandfather (Brahmā), Pulastya, and Vasiṣṭha, Pulaha also, Aṅgirās and Kratu indeed, and Kaśyapa, the great sage. These, O best of the Kuru lineage, great lords of yoga, are remembered.)

Brahmā (the Grandfather), Pulastya, Vasiṣṭha, Pulaha, Aṅgirās, Kratu, and Kaśyapa the great sage—these are remembered as the great lords of yoga, O best of the Kuru dynasty. (13-92-20)

एते च पितरो राजन्नेष श्राद्धविधिः परः। प्रेतास्तु पिण्डसम्बन्धान्मुच्यन्ते तेन कर्मणा ॥१३-९२-२१॥

ete ca pitaro rājan neṣa śrāddhavidhiḥ paraḥ। pretās tu piṇḍasambandhān mucyante tena karmaṇā॥13-92-21॥

[एते (ete) - these; च (ca) - and; पितरः (pitaraḥ) - (ancestral) fathers; राजन् (rājan) - O king; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; श्राद्धविधिः (śrāddhavidhiḥ) - the śrāddha rite; परः (paraḥ) - supreme; प्रेताः (pretāḥ) - departed souls; तु (tu) - but; पिण्डसम्बन्धान् (piṇḍasambandhān) - from connection with the piṇḍa (rice-ball offering); मुच्यन्ते (mucyante) - are released; तेन (tena) - by that; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the act;]

(These and fathers, O king, this śrāddha rite (is) supreme. But the pretas, from connection with the piṇḍa, are released by that act.)

O king, these are the ancestors, and this śrāddha rite is supreme. By that act, the departed souls are released from the bond with the piṇḍa offering. (13-92-21)

इत्येषा पुरुषश्रेष्ठ श्राद्धोत्पत्तिर्यथागमम्। ख्यापिता पूर्वनिर्दिष्टा दानं वक्ष्याम्यतः परम् ॥१३-९२-२२॥

ityeṣā puruṣaśreṣṭha śrāddhotpattiryathāgamam। khyāpitā pūrvanirdiṣṭā dānaṃ vakṣyāmyataḥ param ॥13-92-22॥

[इति (iti) - thus; एषा (eṣā) - this; पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (puruṣaśreṣṭha) - best of men; श्राद्धोत्पत्तिः (śrāddhotpattiḥ) - origin of Śrāddha; यथागमम् (yathāgamam) - according to scripture; ख्यापिता (khyāpitā) - has been declared; पूर्वनिर्दिष्टा (pūrvanirdiṣṭā) - previously indicated; दानम् (dānam) - gift; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I shall explain; अतः (ataḥ) - thereafter; परम् (param) - further;]

(Thus, this, best of men, origin of Śrāddha, according to scripture, has been declared, previously indicated, gift, I shall explain, thereafter, further.)

Thus, O best of men, the origin of Śrāddha according to scripture has been declared as previously indicated; I shall now explain the subject of gifts further. (13-92-22)