13.107
आयुष्याख्यानम्
A narrative of life.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
Yudhiṣṭhira said.
शतायुरुक्तः पुरुषः शतवीर्यश्च वैदिके। कस्मान्म्रियन्ते पुरुषा बाला अपि पितामह ॥१३-१०७-१॥
O grandsire, the Veda declares that a man possesses one hundred years of lifespan and one hundredfold strength. Then why do men—even children—die? (13-107-1)
आयुष्मान्केन भवति स्वल्पायुर्वापि मानवः। केन वा लभते कीर्तिं केन वा लभते श्रियम् ॥१३-१०७-२॥
By what does a person become long-lived or short-lived? By what does a person gain fame, and by what does one obtain wealth? (13-107-2)
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण जपैर्होमैस्तथौषधैः। जन्मना यदि वाचारात्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१३-१०७-३॥
O Grandfather, tell me whether that (is obtained) by austerity, by celibacy, by recitations, by oblations, likewise by herbs, by birth, or by speech. (13-107-3)
भीष्म उवाच॥
Bhishma said.
अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि यन्मां त्वमनुपृच्छसि। अल्पायुर्येन भवति दीर्घायुर्वापि मानवः ॥१३-१०७-४॥
Here I will explain to you that which you ask of me: by what a human being becomes short-lived or long-lived. (13-107-4)
येन वा लभते कीर्तिं येन वा लभते श्रियम्। यथा च वर्तन्पुरुषः श्रेयसा सम्प्रयुज्यते ॥१३-१०७-५॥
By whatever means a man obtains fame or prosperity, and in whatever way he acts, he attains excellence. (13-107-5)
आचाराल्लभते ह्यायुराचाराल्लभते श्रियम्। आचारात्कीर्तिमाप्नोति पुरुषः प्रेत्य चेह च ॥१३-१०७-६॥
It is from conduct that one truly obtains life, from conduct that one gains prosperity; from conduct a person attains fame, both after death and in this world. (13-107-6)
दुराचारो हि पुरुषो नेहायुर्विन्दते महत्। त्रसन्ति यस्माद्भूतानि तथा परिभवन्ति च ॥१३-१०७-७॥
A man of bad conduct indeed does not attain great longevity here. The creatures whom he frightens, likewise despise him. (13-107-7)
तस्मात्कुर्यादिहाचारं य इच्छेद्भूतिमात्मनः। अपि पापशरीरस्य आचारो हन्त्यलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-८॥
Therefore, whoever desires their own prosperity should practice proper conduct here. Even for one with a sinful body, good conduct destroys misfortune. (13-107-8)
आचारलक्षणो धर्मः सन्तश्चाचारलक्षणाः। साधूनां च यथा वृत्तमेतदाचारलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-९॥
Dharma is marked by proper conduct; good men are recognized by such characteristics; and whatever the conduct of the virtuous, that is the true mark of proper behavior. (13-107-9)
अप्यदृष्टं श्रुतं वापि पुरुषं धर्मचारिणम्। भूतिकर्माणि कुर्वाणं तं जनाः कुर्वते प्रियम् ॥१३-१०७-१०॥
Even a man who is unseen or only heard of, if he follows dharma and performs deeds of prosperity, people make him dear. (13-107-10)
ये नास्तिका निष्क्रियाश्च गुरुशास्त्रातिलङ्घिनः। अधर्मज्ञा दुराचारास्ते भवन्ति गतायुषः ॥१३-१०७-११॥
Those who are atheists, inactive, transgressors of the teacher's scriptures, ignorant of dharma, and of bad conduct—they become ones whose life-force has departed. (13-107-11)
विशीला भिन्नमर्यादा नित्यं सङ्कीर्णमैथुनाः। अल्पायुषो भवन्तीह नरा निरयगामिनः ॥१३-१०७-१२॥
Men who are licentious, who transgress boundaries, are ever involved in promiscuous unions, and here, they become short-lived and destined for hell. (13-107-12)
सर्वलक्षणहीनोऽपि समुदाचारवान्नरः। श्रद्दधानोऽनसूयश्च शतं वर्षाणि जीवति ॥१३-१०७-१३॥
Even a man without all external marks, if he has good conduct, faith, and is free from envy, lives for a hundred years. (13-107-13)
अक्रोधनः सत्यवादी भूतानामविहिंसकः। अनसूयुरजिह्मश्च शतं वर्षाणि जीवति ॥१३-१०७-१४॥
He who is free from anger, speaks the truth, does not harm beings, is not envious, and is straightforward lives for a hundred years. (13-107-14)
लोष्टमर्दी तृणच्छेदी नखखादी च यो नरः। नित्योच्छिष्टः सङ्कुसुको नेहायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१५॥
A man who crushes clods, cuts grass, eats nails, is always defiled by food remnants, and is covertly covetous does not attain long life here. (13-107-15)
ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चानुचिन्तयेत्। उत्थायाचम्य तिष्ठेत पूर्वां सन्ध्यां कृताञ्जलिः ॥१३-१०७-१६॥
One should awaken in the brāhma muhūrta, contemplate both dharma and artha, and after rising and performing ceremonial sipping, stand with hands joined in reverence for the morning sandhyā. (13-107-16)
एवमेवापरां सन्ध्यां समुपासीत वाग्यतः। नेक्षेतादित्यमुद्यन्तं नास्तं यान्तं कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-१७॥
In the same way, the evening twilight should be faithfully observed in silence. One should never look at the Sun as it rises or sets. (13-107-17)
ऋषयो दीर्घसन्ध्यत्वाद्दीर्घमायुरवाप्नुवन्। तस्मात्तिष्ठेत्सदा पूर्वां पश्चिमां चैव वाग्यतः ॥१३-१०७-१८॥
The sages attained long life by observing lengthy twilight rituals. Therefore, one should always stand during both the morning and evening twilight periods, refraining from speech. (13-107-18)
ये च पूर्वामुपासन्ते द्विजाः सन्ध्यां न पश्चिमाम्। सर्वांस्तान्धार्मिको राजा शूद्रकर्माणि कारयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१९॥
The righteous king should make all those twice-born who worship only the morning twilight and not the evening perform Śūdra duties. (13-107-19)
परदारा न गन्तव्याः सर्ववर्णेषु कर्हिचित्। न हीदृशमनायुष्यं लोके किञ्चन विद्यते ॥ यादृशं पुरुषस्येह परदारोपसेवनम् ॥१३-१०७-२०॥
No one of any class should ever approach another's wife. In this world, nothing else so shortens a man's life as association with another's wife does. (13-107-20)
प्रसाधनं च केशानामञ्जनं दन्तधावनम्। पूर्वाह्ण एव कुर्वीत देवतानां च पूजनम् ॥१३-१०७-२१॥
One should perform the adornment of hair, applying collyrium, and cleaning of teeth, and also the worship of the deities, all in the forenoon. (13-107-21)
पुरीषमूत्रे नोदीक्षेन्नाधितिष्ठेत्कदाचन। उदक्यया च सम्भाषां न कुर्वीत कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-२२॥
One should never initiate (a ritual) or reside in a place soiled by excrement or urine; nor should one ever engage in conversation with a woman of the lowest caste. (13-107-22)
नोत्सृजेत पुरीषं च क्षेत्रे ग्रामस्य चान्तिके। उभे मूत्रपुरीषे तु नाप्सु कुर्यात्कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-२३॥
One should not discharge excrement in a field or near a village, and one should never deposit either urine or excrement in water. (13-107-23)
प्राङ्मुखो नित्यमश्नीयाद्वाग्यतोऽन्नमकुत्सयन्। प्रस्कन्दयेच्च मनसा भुक्त्वा चाग्निमुपस्पृशेत् ॥१३-१०७-२४॥
One should always eat food facing east, in silence, and without despising it; having let it settle with the mind and after eating, one should touch fire. (13-107-24)
आयुष्यं प्राङ्मुखो भुङ्क्ते यशस्यं दक्षिणामुखः। धन्यं पश्चान्मुखो भुङ्क्ते ऋतं भुङ्क्ते उदङ्मुखः ॥१३-१०७-२५॥
One who eats facing east partakes of longevity; facing south, of fame; facing west, of wealth; facing north, of truth. (13-107-25)
नाधितिष्ठेत्तुषाञ्जातु केशभस्मकपालिकाः। अन्यस्य चाप्युपस्थानं दूरतः परिवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-२६॥
One should never stand upon husks, or articles made of hair, ashes, or potsherds; and should also avoid residing near the seat of another from a distance. (13-107-26)
शान्तिहोमांश्च कुर्वीत सावित्राणि च कारयेत्। निषण्णश्चापि खादेत न तु गच्छन्कथञ्चन ॥१३-१०७-२७॥
He should perform śānti-homas and have the Sāvitrī mantras recited; he should eat only when seated, and never while walking. (13-107-27)
मूत्रं न तिष्ठता कार्यं न भस्मनि न गोव्रजे। आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जीत नार्द्रपादस्तु संविशेत्। आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जानो वर्षाणां जीवते शतम् ॥१३-१०७-२९॥
One should not pass urine while standing, nor on ashes nor in a cowshed. However, one should eat with wet feet; one should not lie down with wet feet. One who eats with wet feet lives for a hundred years. (13-107-29)
त्रीणि तेजांसि नोच्छिष्ट आलभेत कदाचन। अग्निं गां ब्राह्मणं चैव तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-३०॥
One should never touch the three powers—fire, a cow, or a Brāhmaṇa—while impure; thus, his lifespan will not be diminished. (13-107-30)
त्रीणि तेजांसि नोच्छिष्ट उदीक्षेत कदाचन। सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ चैव नक्षत्राणि च सर्वशः ॥१३-१०७-३१॥
One who is impure (after eating) should never at any time look at the three luminous beings—the Sun, the Moon, and all the stars—in any way. (13-107-31)
ऊर्ध्वं प्राणा ह्युत्क्रामन्ति यूनः स्थविर आयति। प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्यां पुनस्तान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१३-१०७-३२॥
Indeed, the vital breaths leave upward from a youth when an elder approaches; by rising and saluting, the youth regains them. (13-107-32)
अभिवादयेत वृद्धांश्च आसनं चैव दापयेत्। कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छन्तं पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् ॥१३-१०७-३३॥
He should salute the elders, provide a seat for them, serve them with joined palms, and follow behind when they are walking. (13-107-33)
न चासीतासने भिन्ने भिन्नं कांस्यं च वर्जयेत्। नैकवस्त्रेण भोक्तव्यं न नग्नः स्नातुमर्हति ॥ स्वप्तव्यं नैव नग्नेन न चोच्छिष्टोऽपि संविशेत् ॥१३-१०७-३४॥
One should not sit on a broken seat, and should avoid broken bronze vessels. One should not eat while wearing only one garment, nor should a naked person bathe. One must not sleep naked, and after eating, one should not lie down without first purifying oneself. (13-107-34)
उच्छिष्टो न स्पृशेच्छीर्षं सर्वे प्राणास्तदाश्रयाः। केशग्रहान्प्रहारांश्च शिरस्येतान्विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-३५॥
One who is impure from eating should not touch the head, for all vital energies depend on it. One should avoid grasping the hair and striking blows on the head. (13-107-35)
न पाणिभ्यामुभाभ्यां च कण्डूयेज्जातु वै शिरः। न चाभीक्ष्णं शिरः स्नायात्तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-३६॥
One should never scratch the head with both hands, nor should he wash the head too frequently; thus, his lifespan is not diminished. (13-107-36)
शिरःस्नातश्च तैलेन नाङ्गं किञ्चिदुपस्पृशेत्। तिलपिष्टं न चाश्नीयात्तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-३७॥
One who has bathed the head and anointed with oil should not let the body come into contact (with water) even a little, nor should eat sesame paste; by doing so, one attains a long life. (13-107-37)
नाध्यापयेत्तथोच्छिष्टो नाधीयीत कदाचन। वाते च पूतिगन्धे च मनसापि न चिन्तयेत् ॥१३-१०७-३८॥
One should not teach while impure, nor should one study at any time in such a state. One should not even contemplate in a windy place or where there is a foul smell. (13-107-38)
अत्र गाथा यमोद्गीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः। आयुरस्य निकृन्तामि प्रजामस्याददे तथा ॥१३-१०७-३९॥
Here, the knowers of ancient lore recite verses spoken by Yama: "I cut off his life, and thus I take away his progeny." (13-107-39)
य उच्छिष्टः प्रवदति स्वाध्यायं चाधिगच्छति। यश्चानध्यायकालेऽपि मोहादभ्यस्यति द्विजः ॥ तस्माद्युक्तोऽप्यनध्याये नाधीयीत कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-४०॥
He who recites and studies self-study while impure, and the twice-born who, out of delusion, practices even at the time when study is forbidden—therefore, even if qualified, one should never study during the period when study is not permitted. (13-107-40)
प्रत्यादित्यं प्रत्यनिलं प्रति गां च प्रति द्विजान्। ये मेहन्ति च पन्थानं ते भवन्ति गतायुषः ॥१३-१०७-४१॥
Those who pollute the Sun, the Wind, the Earth, the twice-born, and the path — they become devoid of life. (13-107-41)
उभे मूत्रपुरीषे तु दिवा कुर्यादुदङ्मुखः। दक्षिणाभिमुखो रात्रौ तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-४२॥
One should evacuate both urine and feces facing north during the day, and facing south at night; thus, his lifespan is not harmed. (13-107-42)
त्रीन्कृशान्नावजानीयाद्दीर्घमायुर्जिजीविषुः। ब्राह्मणं क्षत्रियं सर्पं सर्वे ह्याशीविषास्त्रयः ॥१३-१०७-४३॥
One who wishes for a long life should not despise three emaciated beings: a Brahmin, a Kshatriya, and a serpent; all three are truly as dangerous as venomous creatures. (13-107-43)
दहत्याशीविषः क्रुद्धो यावत्पश्यति चक्षुषा। क्षत्रियोऽपि दहेत्क्रुद्धो यावत्स्पृशति तेजसा ॥१३-१०७-४४॥
An angered venomous serpent burns (its victim) as long as it sees (it) with its eye; likewise, an angered Kṣatriya may burn (his enemy) as long as he touches (him) with his energy. (13-107-44)
ब्राह्मणस्तु कुलं हन्याद्ध्यानेनावेक्षितेन च। तस्मादेतत्त्रयं यत्नादुपसेवेत पण्डितः ॥१३-१०७-४५॥
But the Brāhmaṇa can destroy the family through meditation and careful observation. Therefore, a wise person should diligently practice these three. (13-107-45)
गुरुणा वैरनिर्बन्धो न कर्तव्यः कदाचन। अनुमान्यः प्रसाद्यश्च गुरुः क्रुद्धो युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-४६॥
Yudhiṣṭhira, persistent hostility towards the teacher should never be done. If the teacher is angry, he must be appeased and propitiated. (13-107-46)
सम्यङ्मिथ्याप्रवृत्तेऽपि वर्तितव्यं गुराविह। गुरुनिन्दा दहत्यायुर्मनुष्याणां न संशयः ॥१३-१०७-४७॥
One must conduct oneself towards the teacher, whether his actions are right or wrong; criticism of the teacher destroys the lifespan of humans—there is no doubt about it. (13-107-47)
दूरादावसथान्मूत्रं दूरात्पादावसेचनम्। उच्छिष्टोत्सर्जनं चैव दूरे कार्यं हितैषिणा ॥१३-१०७-४८॥
One who desires welfare should perform urination away from the dwelling, washing of feet at a distance, and the disposal of leftovers from food also at a distance. (13-107-48)
नातिकल्पं नातिसायं न च मध्यंदिने स्थिते। नाज्ञातैः सह गच्छेत नैको न वृषलैः सह ॥१३-१०७-४९॥
One should not go out either too early, too late, or when it is midday; nor should one go with unknown people, alone, or with wicked individuals. (13-107-49)
पन्था देयो ब्राह्मणाय गोभ्यो राजभ्य एव च। वृद्धाय भारतप्ताय गर्भिण्यै दुर्बलाय च ॥१३-१०७-५०॥
The path should be yielded to Brāhmaṇas, cows, kings, the elderly, the weary, pregnant women, and the weak. (13-107-50)
प्रदक्षिणं च कुर्वीत परिज्ञातान्वनस्पतीन्। चतुष्पथान्प्रकुर्वीत सर्वानेव प्रदक्षिणान् ॥१३-१०७-५१॥
One should circumambulate well-known trees, and at crossroads, one should certainly perform circumambulations of all. (13-107-51)
मध्यंदिने निशाकाले मध्यरात्रे च सर्वदा। चतुष्पथान्न सेवेत उभे सन्ध्ये तथैव च ॥१३-१०७-५२॥
One should never approach crossroads at midday, at night, at midnight, at both twilights, nor at any time. (13-107-52)
उपानहौ च वस्त्रं च धृतमन्यैर्न धारयेत्। ब्रह्मचारी च नित्यं स्यात्पादं पादेन नाक्रमेत् ॥१३-१०७-५३॥
He should not wear sandals or a garment that have been worn by others; and a brahmacārī should always refrain from stepping with his foot on another's foot. (13-107-53)
अमावास्यां पौर्णमास्यां चतुर्दश्यां च सर्वशः। अष्टम्यां सर्वपक्षाणां ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-५४॥
A brahmacārī should always observe celibacy on amāvāsyā (new moon), paurṇamāsī (full moon), the fourteenth day, and, in every respect, on the eighth day during all lunar fortnights. (13-107-54)
वृथा मांसं न खादेत पृष्ठमांसं तथैव च। आक्रोशं परिवादं च पैशुन्यं च विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-५५॥
One should not eat meat needlessly, nor the meat of the back; one should likewise avoid abuse, slander, and malicious gossip. (13-107-55)
नारुन्तुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी; न हीनतः परमभ्याददीत। ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत; न तां वदेद्रुशतीं पापलोक्याम् ॥१३-१०७-५६॥
One should not speak harshly, nor be cruel in speech; one should not take the best from those who are inferior. One should never say anything by which another may be pained — such blameworthy speech leads to sin. (13-107-56)
वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति; यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि। परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति; तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेषु ॥१३-१०७-५७॥
Sharp words come out from the mouth; by these, when someone is struck, they grieve for days and nights. Those words do not strike the vital spots of another; therefore, a wise person should not direct such words at others. (13-107-57)
रोहते सायकैर्विद्धं वनं परशुना हतम्। वाचा दुरुक्तं बीभत्सं न संरोहति वाक्क्षतम् ॥१३-१०७-५८॥
A forest pierced by arrows or cut down with an axe can heal again, but a wound caused by horrible, harsh speech does not heal. (13-107-58)
हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोधिकान्। रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च सत्त्वहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् ॥१३-१०७-५९॥
One should not reproach people who have deficient or excess limbs, who lack knowledge, who are advanced in age, who lack beauty and wealth, or who lack strength. (13-107-59)
नास्तिक्यं वेदनिन्दां च देवतानां च कुत्सनम्। द्वेषस्तम्भाभिमानांश्च तैक्ष्ण्यं च परिवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६०॥
One should avoid atheism, reviling the Vedas, contempt for the gods, hatred, arrogance, pride, and harshness. (13-107-60)
परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेत्क्रोद्धो नैनं निपातयेत्। अन्यत्र पुत्राच्छिष्याद्वा शिक्षार्थं ताडनं स्मृतम् ॥१३-१०७-६१॥
One should not, in anger, raise the staff of punishment against another person or strike him down; except in the case of a son or a disciple, beating is permitted for the sake of instruction. (13-107-61)
न ब्राह्मणान्परिवदेन्नक्षत्राणि न निर्दिशेत्। तिथिं पक्षस्य न ब्रूयात्तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-६२॥
One should not speak ill of Brāhmaṇas, nor point out constellations, nor tell the lunar day of the fortnight; thus, his life is not shortened. (13-107-62)
कृत्वा मूत्रपुरीषे तु रथ्यामाक्रम्य वा पुनः। पादप्रक्षालनं कुर्यात्स्वाध्याये भोजने तथा ॥१३-१०७-६३॥
After urinating or defecating, but also after stepping onto the street again, one should wash the feet before self-study and before eating. (13-107-63)
त्रीणि देवाः पवित्राणि ब्राह्मणानामकल्पयन्। अदृष्टमद्भिर्निर्णिक्तं यच्च वाचा प्रशस्यते ॥१३-१०७-६४॥
The three gods established for the Brāhmaṇas three purifications: the unseen (internal), that which is purified with water, and that which is praised by speech. (13-107-64)
संयावं कृसरं मांसं शष्कुली पायसं तथा। आत्मार्थं न प्रकर्तव्यं देवार्थं तु प्रकल्पयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६५॥
One should not prepare coarse flour preparation, rice and pulse dish, meat, fried cake, or rice pudding for oneself; rather, one should arrange them for the deity. (13-107-65)
नित्यमग्निं परिचरेद्भिक्षां दद्याच्च नित्यदा। वाग्यतो दन्तकाष्ठं च नित्यमेव समाचरेत् ॥ न चाभ्युदितशायी स्यात्प्रायश्चित्ती तथा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-६६॥
One should always maintain the sacred fire, give alms daily, and, being restrained in speech, always use a tooth-stick; one should never lie down after sunrise—for such a person would become one requiring expiation. (13-107-66)
मातापितरमुत्थाय पूर्वमेवाभिवादयेत्। आचार्यमथ वाप्येनं तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-६७॥
One should first rise and respectfully greet one's mother and father. Then, or even the teacher, by doing so, one attains great longevity. (13-107-67)
वर्जयेद्दन्तकाष्ठानि वर्जनीयानि नित्यशः। भक्षयेच्छास्त्रदृष्टानि पर्वस्वपि च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६८॥
One should always avoid toothsticks that are to be avoided; one should use those prescribed by śāstra, and even on festival days, should avoid the prohibited ones. (13-107-68)
उदङ्मुखश्च सततं शौचं कुर्यात्समाहितः। अकृत्वा देवतापूजां नान्यं गच्छेत्कदाचन। अन्यत्र तु गुरुं वृद्धं धार्मिकं वा विचक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-७०॥
One should always perform purification facing north, with concentration; without first performing worship of the deity, one should never go to anyone else, except to a preceptor, elder, righteous person or wise man. (13-107-70)
अवलोक्यो न चादर्शो मलिनो बुद्धिमत्तरैः। न चाज्ञातां स्त्रियं गच्छेद्गर्भिणीं वा कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-७१॥
A dirty mirror should not be looked at by the wise; nor should one ever approach an unfamiliar or pregnant woman. (13-107-71)
उदक्षिरा न स्वपेत तथा प्रत्यक्षिरा न च। प्राक्षिरास्तु स्वपेद्विद्वानथ वा दक्षिणाशिराः ॥१३-१०७-७२॥
One should not sleep with the head towards the north, nor towards the west; but the wise should sleep with the head towards the east or towards the south. (13-107-72)
न भग्ने नावदीर्णे वा शयने प्रस्वपेत च। नान्तर्धाने न संयुक्ते न च तिर्यक्कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-७३॥
One should not sleep on a broken or split bed, nor in a hidden place, nor on a bed that is joined together, nor ever lying crosswise. (13-107-73)
न नग्नः कर्हिचित्स्नायान्न निशायां कदाचन। स्नात्वा च नावमृज्येत गात्राणि सुविचक्षणः ॥१३-१०७-७४॥
A wise person should never bathe while naked or at night; and after bathing, he should not wipe his limbs. (13-107-74)
न चानुलिम्पेदस्नात्वा स्नात्वा वासो न निर्धुनेत्। आर्द्र एव तु वासांसि नित्यं सेवेत मानवः ॥ स्रजश्च नावकर्षेत न बहिर्धारयेत च ॥१३-१०७-७५॥
One should not anoint oneself without bathing; and after bathing, one should not shake out the garment. A man should always wear clothes only when they are damp. He should not drag down garlands, nor should he wear them outside. (13-107-75)
रक्तमाल्यं न धार्यं स्याच्छुक्लं धार्यं तु पण्डितैः। वर्जयित्वा तु कमलं तथा कुवलयं विभो ॥१३-१०७-७६॥
A red garland should not be worn; only a white garland should be worn by the learned, except for the lotus and the blue water-lily, O eminent one. (13-107-76)
रक्तं शिरसि धार्यं तु तथा वानेयमित्यपि। काञ्चनी चैव या माला न सा दुष्यति कर्हिचित् ॥ स्नातस्य वर्णकं नित्यमार्द्रं दद्याद्विशां पते ॥१३-१०७-७७॥
A red substance is to be worn on the head, as well as silk (cloth), thus also; and likewise, a golden garland—such a one never becomes spoiled. The color for the one who has bathed should always be freshly moist, O Lord of the people. (13-107-77)
विपर्ययं न कुर्वीत वाससो बुद्धिमान्नरः। तथा नान्यधृतं धार्यं न चापदशमेव च ॥१३-१०७-७८॥
An intelligent person should not exchange clothes; likewise, he should not wear garments worn by others, nor garments used only in distress. (13-107-78)
अन्यदेव भवेद्वासः शयनीये नरोत्तम। अन्यद्रथ्यासु देवानामर्चायामन्यदेव हि ॥१३-१०७-७९॥
O best of men, one should use different clothing for sleeping, other clothing in the streets, and yet different clothing while worshipping the gods. (13-107-79)
प्रियङ्गुचन्दनाभ्यां च बिल्वेन तगरेण च। पृथगेवानुलिम्पेत केसरेण च बुद्धिमान् ॥१३-१०७-८०॥
A wise person should separately anoint (the body) with priyaṅgu and sandalwood, with bilva, with tagara, and with kesara (saffron). (13-107-80)
उपवासं च कुर्वीत स्नातः शुचिरलङ्कृतः। पर्वकालेषु सर्वेषु ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-८१॥
The celibate student should always observe fasting, after bathing, maintaining purity and proper attire, on all festival occasions. (13-107-81)
नालीढया परिहतं भक्षयीत कदाचन। तथा नोद्धृतसाराणि प्रेक्षतां नाप्रदाय च ॥१३-१०७-८२॥
One should never eat food that has been left after being licked by a tube. Likewise, one should not eat food whose essence has been taken out without offering it to those who are present and observing. (13-107-82)
न संनिकृष्टो मेधावी नाशुचिर्न च सत्सु च। प्रतिषिद्धान्न धर्मेषु भक्षान्भुञ्जीत पृष्ठतः ॥१३-१०७-८३॥
A wise person, who is not closely associated, impure, nor among the virtuous, should not secretly eat forbidden foods related to duties. (13-107-83)
पिप्पलं च वटं चैव शणशाकं तथैव च। उदुम्बरं न खादेच्च भवार्थी पुरुषोत्तमः ॥१३-१०७-८४॥
One desiring worldly results, O best of men, should not eat the sacred fig, banyan, hemp leaf, likewise the cluster fig. (13-107-84)
आजं गव्यं च यन्मांसं मायूरं चैव वर्जयेत्। वर्जयेच्छुष्कमांसं च तथा पर्युषितं च यत् ॥१३-१०७-८५॥
One should avoid goat flesh, cow products, whatever flesh (is referred), peacock meat, as well as dried meat and likewise any stale meat. (13-107-85)
न पाणौ लवणं विद्वान्प्राश्नीयान्न च रात्रिषु। दधिसक्तून्न भुञ्जीत वृथामांसं च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-८६॥
A learned person should not eat salt from the hand, nor eat (salt) at night; he should not eat curds and roasted barley meal, and he should avoid unnecessary consumption of meat. (13-107-86)
वालेन तु न भुञ्जीत परश्राद्धं तथैव च। सायं प्रातश्च भुञ्जीत नान्तराले समाहितः ॥१३-१०७-८७॥
But one with body hair should not eat another's śrāddha food, likewise; a self-controlled person should eat in the evening and in the morning, not in between. (13-107-87)
वाग्यतो नैकवस्त्रश्च नासंविष्टः कदाचन। भूमौ सदैव नाश्नीयान्नानासीनो न शब्दवत् ॥१३-१०७-८८॥
One who has restrained speech should never wear only a single garment, nor ever lie down at any time. He should never eat while on the ground, nor while seated, nor while making sound. (13-107-88)
तोयपूर्वं प्रदायान्नमतिथिभ्यो विशां पते। पश्चाद्भुञ्जीत मेधावी न चाप्यन्यमना नरः ॥१३-१०७-८९॥
O lord of people, first offering water and food to the guests, only afterwards should a wise man eat, and never with his mind elsewhere.
समानमेकपङ्क्त्यां तु भोज्यमन्नं नरेश्वर। विषं हालाहलं भुङ्क्ते योऽप्रदाय सुहृज्जने ॥१३-१०७-९०॥
O king, one who, sitting in the same row, eats food without sharing it with friends, partakes of deadly halahala poison. (13-107-90)
पानीयं पायसं सर्पिर्दधिसक्तुमधून्यपि। निरस्य शेषमेतेषां न प्रदेयं तु कस्यचित् ॥१३-१०७-९१॥
The remains of water, milk-rice, ghee, curd, roasted barley meal, or honey—having set them aside—should certainly not be given to anyone. (13-107-91)
भुञ्जानो मनुजव्याघ्र नैव शङ्कां समाचरेत्। दधि चाप्यनुपानं वै न कर्तव्यं भवार्थिना ॥१३-१०७-९२॥
O tiger among men, while eating, one should never entertain any doubt. Indeed, curd and also drinking after (food) should not be done by one who desires well-being. (13-107-92)
आचम्य चैव हस्तेन परिस्राव्य तथोदकम्। अङ्गुष्ठं चरणस्याथ दक्षिणस्यावसेचयेत् ॥१३-१०७-९३॥
After sipping water and with the hand having poured out water in this way, one should cause it to flow over the big toe of the right foot. (13-107-93)
पाणिं मूर्ध्नि समाधाय स्पृष्ट्वा चाग्निं समाहितः। ज्ञातिश्रैष्ठ्यमवाप्नोति प्रयोगकुशलो नरः ॥१३-१०७-९४॥
A man skilled in performance who, having placed his hand on his head, touches fire with concentration, attains superiority among his relatives. (13-107-94)
अद्भिः प्राणान्समालभ्य नाभिं पाणितलेन च। स्पृशंश्चैव प्रतिष्ठेत न चाप्यार्द्रेण पाणिना ॥१३-१०७-९५॥
Having touched the vital airs and the navel with water and the palm of the hand, one should stand (thus) touching; and one should not do this even with a wet hand. (13-107-95)
अङ्गुष्ठस्यान्तराले च ब्राह्मं तीर्थमुदाहृतम्। कनिष्ठिकायाः पश्चात्तु देवतीर्थमिहोच्यते ॥१३-१०७-९६॥
The Brahman holy place is said to be in the space of the thumb; but after the little finger, the place of the gods is mentioned here. (13-107-96)
अङ्गुष्ठस्य च यन्मध्यं प्रदेशिन्याश्च भारत। तेन पित्र्याणि कुर्वीत स्पृष्ट्वापो न्यायतस्तथा ॥१३-१०७-९७॥
O Bhārata, one should thus perform ancestral rites using the middle part between the thumb and index finger, having properly touched water in that way. (13-107-97)
परापवादं न ब्रूयान्नाप्रियं च कदाचन। न मन्युः कश्चिदुत्पाद्यः पुरुषेण भवार्थिना ॥१३-१०७-९८॥
A person seeking prosperity should never speak slander of others nor utter unpleasant words at any time, and should not allow anger to arise towards anyone. (13-107-98)
पतितैस्तु कथां नेच्छेद्दर्शनं चापि वर्जयेत्। संसर्गं च न गच्छेत तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-९९॥
However, one should neither seek conversation nor associate nor even meet with the fallen; by doing so, one attains great longevity. (13-107-99)
न दिवा मैथुनं गच्छेन्न कन्यां न च बन्धकीम्। न चास्नातां स्त्रियं गच्छेत्तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१००॥
One should not approach sexual intercourse during the day, nor with a maiden, nor with a prostitute; nor should one go to a woman who has not bathed; thus one attains great longevity. (13-107-100)
स्वे स्वे तीर्थे समाचम्य कार्ये समुपकल्पिते। त्रिः पीत्वापो द्विः प्रमृज्य कृतशौचो भवेन्नरः ॥१३-१०७-१०१॥
Having performed ācamana at his own respective sacred water, for the prescribed rite, when the man has sipped the water three times and wiped (his mouth) twice, he becomes purified. (13-107-101)
इन्द्रियाणि सकृत्स्पृश्य त्रिरभ्युक्ष्य च मानवः। कुर्वीत पित्र्यं दैवं च वेददृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥१३-१०७-१०२॥
After touching the senses once and sprinkling water three times, a human should perform both ancestor and deity rites in the manner prescribed by the Veda. (13-107-102)
ब्राह्मणार्थे च यच्छौचं तच्च मे शृणु कौरव। प्रवृत्तं च हितं चोक्त्वा भोजनाद्यन्तयोस्तथा ॥१३-१०७-१०३॥
O Kaurava, hear from me the purity which is for the sake of a brāhmaṇa. Having described what is initiated and beneficial at both the commencement and conclusion of eating, likewise. (13-107-103)
सर्वशौचेषु ब्राह्मेण तीर्थेन समुपस्पृशेत्। निष्ठीव्य तु तथा क्षुत्वा स्पृश्यापो हि शुचिर्भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-१०४॥
In all acts of purification, one should use Brāhma (prescribed) water for touching. After spitting or sneezing, when one touches water, one becomes pure. (13-107-104)
वृद्धो ज्ञातिस्तथा मित्रं दरिद्रो यो भवेदपि। गृहे वासयितव्यास्ते धन्यमायुष्यमेव च ॥१३-१०७-१०५॥
An old person, a relative, a friend, and even a poor man—whoever they may be—should be allowed to reside in the house; they truly bring prosperity and long life. (13-107-105)
गृहे पारावता धन्याः शुकाश्च सहसारिकाः। गृहेष्वेते न पापाय तथा वै तैलपायिकाः ॥१३-१०७-१०६॥
Pigeons, parrots, and starlings in a house are fortunate; the presence of these in homes is not sinful, and so too are oil drinkers. (13-107-106)
उद्दीपकाश्च गृध्राश्च कपोता भ्रमरास्तथा। निविशेयुर्यदा तत्र शान्तिमेव तदाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१०७॥
When lamp-lighters, vultures, pigeons, and bees also settle there, then one should only observe peace. (13-107-107)
अमङ्गल्यानि चैतानि तथाक्रोशो महात्मनाम्। महात्मनां च गुह्यानि न वक्तव्यानि कर्हिचित् ॥१३-१०७-१०८॥
Inauspicious matters, as well as harsh words against the great-souled, and the secrets of the great-souled, should never be spoken. (13-107-108)
अगम्याश्च न गच्छेत राजपत्नीः सखीस्तथा। वैद्यानां बालवृद्धानां भृत्यानां च युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-१०९॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, one should not approach those women who are to be avoided, wives of the king, their companions, as well as physicians, children, elders, and servants. (13-107-109)
बन्धूनां ब्राह्मणानां च तथा शारणिकस्य च। सम्बन्धिनां च राजेन्द्र तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-११०॥
O king, one attains a great lifespan as well as relations with relatives, Brāhmaṇas, the protector, and kinsmen. (13-107-110)
ब्राह्मणस्थपतिभ्यां च निर्मितं यन्निवेशनम्। तदावसेत्सदा प्राज्ञो भवार्थी मनुजेश्वर ॥१३-१०७-१११॥
O king of men, a wise man who desires prosperity should always live in a residence built by a Brāhmaṇa and an architect. (13-107-111)
सन्ध्यायां न स्वपेद्राजन्विद्यां न च समाचरेत्। न भुञ्जीत च मेधावी तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-११२॥
O king, one should not sleep, study, or eat at twilight; thus, an intelligent person attains great longevity. (13-107-112)
नक्तं न कुर्यात्पित्र्याणि भुक्त्वा चैव प्रसाधनम्। पानीयस्य क्रिया नक्तं न कार्या भूतिमिच्छता ॥१३-१०७-११३॥
One should not perform ancestral rites at night; nor should one adorn oneself after eating. Offering water at night should not be done by one who desires prosperity. (13-107-113)
वर्जनीयाश्च वै नित्यं सक्तवो निशि भारत। शेषाणि चावदातानि पानीयं चैव भोजने ॥१३-१०७-११४॥
O Bhārata, cakes should indeed always be avoided at night, as well as remnants, impure things, water, and these especially at meals. (13-107-114)
सौहित्यं च न कर्तव्यं रात्रौ नैव समाचरेत्। द्विजच्छेदं न कुर्वीत भुक्त्वा न च समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-११५॥
One should not mix foods, nor should one perform (sacrificial acts) at night; one should not break the sacred thread, and after eating, one should not perform rites. (13-107-115)
महाकुलप्रसूतां च प्रशस्तां लक्षणैस्तथा। वयःस्थां च महाप्राज्ञ कन्यामावोढुमर्हति ॥१३-१०७-११६॥
A very wise man should marry a maiden who is of good family, virtuous, endowed with auspicious marks, and of suitable age. (13-107-116)
अपत्यमुत्पाद्य ततः प्रतिष्ठाप्य कुलं तथा। पुत्राः प्रदेया ज्ञानेषु कुलधर्मेषु भारत ॥१३-१०७-११७॥
O Bhārata, after producing offspring and thus establishing the lineage, sons should be instructed in knowledge and family customs. (13-107-117)
कन्या चोत्पाद्य दातव्या कुलपुत्राय धीमते। पुत्रा निवेश्याश्च कुलाद्भृत्या लभ्याश्च भारत ॥१३-१०७-११८॥
A daughter, once born, should be given to a wise son of a noble family; sons should be established, and servants obtained from the family, O Bhārata. (13-107-118)
शिरःस्नातोऽथ कुर्वीत दैवं पित्र्यमथापि च। नक्षत्रे न च कुर्वीत यस्मिञ्जातो भवेन्नरः ॥ न प्रोष्ठपदयोः कार्यं तथाग्नेये च भारत ॥१३-१०७-११९॥
After bathing the head, one should then perform the rites for the gods and also for the ancestors. But one should not perform them on the constellation in which a man was born, nor on the Proṣṭhapada nakṣatras, nor in the Agneya nakṣatra, O Bhārata. (13-107-119)
दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यहं च विवर्जयेत्। ज्योतिषे यानि चोक्तानि तानि सर्वाणि वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२०॥
One should avoid all harsh situations every day, and avoid all those things which have been stated in astrology. (13-107-120)
प्राङ्मुखः श्मश्रुकर्माणि कारयेत समाहितः। उदङ्मुखो वा राजेन्द्र तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१२१॥
One should, being composed, have barbering acts performed while facing east. Or facing north, O king, one likewise obtains great longevity. (13-107-121)
परिवादं न च ब्रूयात्परेषामात्मनस्तथा। परिवादो न धर्माय प्रोच्यते भरतर्षभ ॥१३-१०७-१२२॥
One should not speak blame of others or of oneself in the same way; blame is not considered as righteousness, O best of the Bharatas. (13-107-122)
वर्जयेद्व्यङ्गिनीं नारीं तथा कन्यां नरोत्तम। समार्षां व्यङ्गितां चैव मातुः स्वकुलजां तथा ॥१३-१०७-१२३॥
O best of men, one should avoid marrying a deformed woman, a maiden with hereditary disease, a disfigured woman, one born of one's own mother, and also a woman from one's own clan. (13-107-123)
वृद्धां प्रव्रजितां चैव तथैव च पतिव्रताम्। तथातिकृष्णवर्णां च वर्णोत्कृष्टां च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२४॥
One should avoid women who are aged, who have renounced the world, who are devoted to their husbands, who are of very dark complexion, and those of a superior caste. (13-107-124)
अयोनिं च वियोनिं च न गच्छेत विचक्षणः। पिङ्गलां कुष्ठिनीं नारीं न त्वमावोढुमर्हसि ॥१३-१०७-१२५॥
A wise person should not have intercourse through unnatural or improper organs. You should not take as wife a woman who is yellowish or afflicted with leprosy. (13-107-125)
अपस्मारिकुले जातां निहीनां चैव वर्जयेत्। श्वित्रिणां च कुले जातां त्रयाणां मनुजेश्वर ॥१३-१०७-१२६॥
O lord of men, one should avoid (a woman) born in a family afflicted by epilepsy, or deficient (of lineage), and also one born in the family of those with leprosy—these three.
लक्षणैरन्विता या च प्रशस्ता या च लक्षणैः। मनोज्ञा दर्शनीया च तां भवान्वोढुमर्हति ॥१३-१०७-१२७॥
You deserve to marry her who is endowed with auspicious marks, who is worthy by such marks, pleasing to the mind, and beautiful to behold. (13-107-127)
महाकुले निवेष्टव्यं सदृशे वा युधिष्ठिर। अवरा पतिता चैव न ग्राह्या भूतिमिच्छता ॥१३-१०७-१२८॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, one wishing for prosperity should establish (a relationship) in a great family or in an equal family; an inferior or fallen (woman or family) should indeed not be accepted. (13-107-128)
अग्नीनुत्पाद्य यत्नेन क्रियाः सुविहिताश्च याः। वेदेषु ब्राह्मणैः प्रोक्तास्ताश्च सर्वाः समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२९॥
Having established the sacred fires with care, all the ritual acts that are well performed and declared in the Vedas by the Brāhmaṇas should also be performed. (13-107-129)
न चेर्ष्या स्त्रीषु कर्तव्या दारा रक्ष्याश्च सर्वशः। अनायुष्या भवेदीर्ष्या तस्मादीर्ष्यां विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३०॥
Jealousy should never be practiced towards women; wives should be protected in every way. Jealousy leads to a short life; therefore, one should avoid jealousy. (13-107-130)
अनायुष्यो दिवास्वप्नस्तथाभ्युदितशायिता। प्रातर्निशायां च तथा ये चोच्छिष्टाः स्वपन्ति वै ॥१३-१०७-१३१॥
Daytime sleep is not conducive to long life; so too is lying down at sunrise, sleeping in the morning and at night, and likewise those who sleep without having cleansed themselves after eating. (13-107-131)
पारदार्यमनायुष्यं नापितोच्छिष्टता तथा। यत्नतो वै न कर्तव्यमभ्यासश्चैव भारत ॥१३-१०७-१३२॥
Intercourse with another's wife shortens life; likewise, contact with a barber's remnants. These should not be practiced intentionally, O Bhārata. (13-107-132)
सन्ध्यां न भुञ्जेन्न स्नायान्न पुरीषं समुत्सृजेत्। प्रयतश्च भवेत्तस्यां न च किञ्चित्समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३३॥
One should not eat, bathe, or void faeces at twilight; one should remain pure at that time and refrain from any activity. (13-107-133)
ब्राह्मणान्पूजयेच्चापि तथा स्नात्वा नराधिप। देवांश्च प्रणमेत्स्नातो गुरूंश्चाप्यभिवादयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३४॥
O king, having thus bathed, one should worship the Brāhmaṇas, bow to the gods, and also salute the elders. (13-107-134)
अनिमन्त्रितो न गच्छेत यज्ञं गच्छेत्तु दर्शकः। अनिमन्त्रिते ह्यनायुष्यं गमनं तत्र भारत ॥१३-१०७-१३५॥
One who is not invited should not go to a sacrifice; only an observer may go. Going there uninvited indeed shortens one's life, O Bhārata. (13-107-135)
न चैकेन परिव्राज्यं न गन्तव्यं तथा निशि। अनागतायां सन्ध्यायां पश्चिमायां गृहे वसेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३६॥
One should not wander alone, nor should one go out at night. When the evening twilight has not yet arrived, one should remain at home. (13-107-136)
मातुः पितुर्गुरूणां च कार्यमेवानुशासनम्। हितं वाप्यहितं वापि न विचार्यं नरर्षभ ॥१३-१०७-१३७॥
O best of men, the instructions of the mother, father, and teachers should be carried out as duty; whether they are beneficial or even not beneficial, they are not to be deliberated upon. (13-107-137)
धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च यत्नः कार्यो नराधिप। हस्तिपृष्ठेऽश्वपृष्ठे च रथचर्यासु चैव ह ॥ यत्नवान्भव राजेन्द्र यत्नवान्सुखमेधते ॥१३-१०७-१३८॥
O king, effort should be made in the science of archery and in the Veda, as well as on elephants, horses, and in chariot operations. Be diligent, O king of kings; for the diligent one attains happiness. (13-107-138)
अप्रधृष्यश्च शत्रूणां भृत्यानां स्वजनस्य च। प्रजापालनयुक्तश्च न क्षतिं लभते क्वचित् ॥१३-१०७-१३९॥
He who is unassailable by enemies, servants, and his own people, and who is devoted to the protection of his subjects, does not incur harm anywhere. (13-107-139)
युक्तिशास्त्रं च ते ज्ञेयं शब्दशास्त्रं च भारत। गन्धर्वशास्त्रं च कलाः परिज्ञेया नराधिप ॥१३-१०७-१४०॥
O Bhārata, you should know the science of reasoning, the science of language, the science of music, and the arts thoroughly, O king. (13-107-140)
पुराणमितिहासाश्च तथाख्यानानि यानि च। महात्मनां च चरितं श्रोतव्यं नित्यमेव ते ॥१३-१०७-१४१॥
The ancient tales, histories, and likewise the narratives, and the conduct of great souls—all these are indeed always to be heard. (13-107-141)
पत्नीं रजस्वलां चैव नाभिगच्छेन्न चाह्वयेत्। स्नातां चतुर्थे दिवसे रात्रौ गच्छेद्विचक्षणः ॥१३-१०७-१४२॥
One should neither approach nor call a wife who is menstruating; but the discerning man may approach her at night on the fourth day, after she has bathed. (13-107-142)
पञ्चमे दिवसे नारी षष्ठेऽहनि पुमान्भवेत्। एतेन विधिना पत्नीमुपगच्छेत पण्डितः ॥१३-१०७-१४३॥
A daughter is born on the fifth day, a son on the sixth; thus, by following this rule, the wise should approach his wife. (13-107-143)
ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिमित्राणि पूजनीयानि नित्यशः। यष्टव्यं च यथाशक्ति यज्ञैर्विविधदक्षिणैः ॥ अतऊर्ध्वमरण्यं च सेवितव्यं नराधिप ॥१३-१०७-१४४॥
Relatives, kinsmen, and friends should always be honored; sacrifices with various offerings should be performed according to one's ability. Afterwards, the forest life should also be undertaken, O king. (13-107-144)
एष ते लक्षणोद्देश आयुष्याणां प्रकीर्तितः। शेषस्त्रैविद्यवृद्धेभ्यः प्रत्याहार्यो युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-१४५॥
This enumeration of the characteristics of lifespans has been declared to you. The remainder should be asked from the learned elders skilled in the three Vedas, O Yudhiṣṭhira. (13-107-145)
आचारो भूतिजनन आचारः कीर्तिवर्धनः। आचाराद्वर्धते ह्यायुराचारो हन्त्यलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-१४६॥
Conduct gives rise to beings; conduct increases one's fame. Lifespan is increased by conduct, and conduct eliminates inauspiciousness. (13-107-146)
आगमानां हि सर्वेषामाचारः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते। आचारप्रभवो धर्मो धर्मादायुर्विवर्धते ॥१३-१०७-१४७॥
Indeed, among all scriptures, conduct is said to be the best. From conduct arises righteousness, and from righteousness, lifespan increases. (13-107-147)
एतद्यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत्। अनुकम्पता सर्ववर्णान्ब्रह्मणा समुदाहृतम् ॥१३-१०७-१४८॥
This great utterance, which bestows fame, grants long life, leads to heaven, and brings welfare, has been declared by Brahmā out of compassion for all classes. (13-107-148)
