13.107

आयुष्याख्यानम्

āyuṣyākhyānam

[आयुष्य (āyuṣya) - relating to life; life; longevity; आख्यानम् (ākhyānam) - narrative; story; account;]

(Life narrative;)

A narrative of life.

युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥

[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Yudhiṣṭhira said;)

Yudhiṣṭhira said.

शतायुरुक्तः पुरुषः शतवीर्यश्च वैदिके। कस्मान्म्रियन्ते पुरुषा बाला अपि पितामह ॥१३-१०७-१॥

śatāyuruktaḥ puruṣaḥ śatavīryaśca vaidike। kasmānmriyante puruṣā bālā api pitāmaha ॥13-107-1॥

[शतायुः- उक्तः (śatāyuḥ-uktaḥ) - declared as having one hundred years lifespan; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; शतवीर्यः- च (śatavīryaḥ-ca) - and possessing one hundredfold strength; वैदिके (vaidike) - in the Veda; कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why; म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - do die; पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men; बालाः (bālāḥ) - children; अपि (api) - even; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire;]

(Man is declared (in the Veda) as having one hundred years lifespan, and possessing one hundredfold strength. Why, O grandsire, do men even children die? (13-107-1))

O grandsire, the Veda declares that a man possesses one hundred years of lifespan and one hundredfold strength. Then why do men—even children—die? (13-107-1)

आयुष्मान्केन भवति स्वल्पायुर्वापि मानवः। केन वा लभते कीर्तिं केन वा लभते श्रियम् ॥१३-१०७-२॥

āyuṣmān kena bhavati svalpāyur vā api mānavaḥ। kena vā labhate kīrtiṃ kena vā labhate śriyam ॥13-107-2॥

[आयुष्मान् (āyuṣmān) - possessed of long life; केन (kena) - by what; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; स्वल्पायुः (svalpāyuḥ) - short-lived; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human being; केन (kena) - by what; वा (vā) - or; लभते (labhate) - does obtain; कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame; केन (kena) - by what; वा (vā) - or; लभते (labhate) - does obtain; श्रियम् (śriyam) - wealth;]

(By what does a human being become possessed of long life, or also short-lived? By what does he obtain fame, or by what does he obtain wealth?)

By what does a person become long-lived or short-lived? By what does a person gain fame, and by what does one obtain wealth? (13-107-2)

तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण जपैर्होमैस्तथौषधैः। जन्मना यदि वाचारात्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१३-१०७-३॥

tapasā brahmacaryeṇa japair homais tathauṣadhaiḥ। janmanā yadi vācārāt tan me brūhi pitāmaha ॥13-107-3॥

[तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity; by penance; ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - by celibacy; by continence; जपैः (japaiḥ) - by recitations; by muttered prayers; होमैः (homaiḥ) - by oblations (in fire); तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; औषधैः (auṣadhaiḥ) - by herbs; by medicines; जन्मना (janmanā) - by birth; यदि (yadi) - if; वाचारात् (vācārāt) - by speech; by utterance; तत् (tat) - that; मे (me) - to me; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell; speak; पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather;]

(By austerity, by celibacy, by recitations, by oblations, likewise by herbs, by birth, if by speech, that to me tell, O Grandfather.)

O Grandfather, tell me whether that (is obtained) by austerity, by celibacy, by recitations, by oblations, likewise by herbs, by birth, or by speech. (13-107-3)

भीष्म उवाच॥

bhīṣma uvāca॥

[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Bhishma said;)

Bhishma said.

अत्र ते वर्तयिष्यामि यन्मां त्वमनुपृच्छसि। अल्पायुर्येन भवति दीर्घायुर्वापि मानवः ॥१३-१०७-४॥

atra te vartayiṣyāmi yan māṁ tvam anupṛcchasi। alpāyur yena bhavati dīrghāyur vāpi mānavaḥ॥13-107-4॥

[अत्र (atra) - here; ते (te) - to you; वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall explain; यत् (yat) - which; माम् (mām) - to me; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अनुपृच्छसि (anupṛcchasi) - you inquire; अल्पायुः (alpāyuḥ) - short-lived; येन (yena) - by which; भवति (bhavati) - becomes; दीर्घायुः (dīrghāyuḥ) - long-lived; वा अपि (vā api) - or indeed; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - human being;]

(Here to you I shall explain which to me you inquire; short-lived by which becomes, or indeed long-lived, a human being.)

Here I will explain to you that which you ask of me: by what a human being becomes short-lived or long-lived. (13-107-4)

येन वा लभते कीर्तिं येन वा लभते श्रियम्। यथा च वर्तन्पुरुषः श्रेयसा सम्प्रयुज्यते ॥१३-१०७-५॥

yena vā labhate kīrtiṃ yena vā labhate śriyam। yathā ca vartanpuruṣaḥ śreyasā samprayujyate ॥13-107-5॥

[येन (yena) - by which; वा (vā) - or; लभते (labhate) - (he) obtains; कीर्तिं (kīrtiṃ) - fame; येन (yena) - by which; वा (vā) - or; लभते (labhate) - (he) obtains; श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity; यथा (yathā) - as; च (ca) - and; वर्तन् (vartan) - acting; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; श्रेयसा (śreyasā) - with excellence; सम्प्रयुज्यते (saṃprayujyate) - is joined;]

(By which or he obtains fame, by which or he obtains prosperity; as and acting man with excellence is joined.)

By whatever means a man obtains fame or prosperity, and in whatever way he acts, he attains excellence. (13-107-5)

आचाराल्लभते ह्यायुराचाराल्लभते श्रियम्। आचारात्कीर्तिमाप्नोति पुरुषः प्रेत्य चेह च ॥१३-१०७-६॥

ācārāllabhate hyāyurācārāllabhate śriyam। ācārātkīrtimāpnoti puruṣaḥ pretya ceha ca ॥13-107-6॥

[आचारात् (ācārāt) - from conduct; लभते (labhate) - obtains; हि (hi) - indeed; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; आचारात् (ācārāt) - from conduct; लभते (labhate) - obtains; श्रियं (śriyam) - prosperity; आचारात् (ācārāt) - from conduct; कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame; आप्नोति (āpnoti) - reaches; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a man; प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death; च (ca) - and; इह (iha) - here; च (ca) - and;]

(From conduct (one) indeed obtains life, from conduct (one) obtains prosperity; from conduct a man reaches fame, after death and here also.)

It is from conduct that one truly obtains life, from conduct that one gains prosperity; from conduct a person attains fame, both after death and in this world. (13-107-6)

दुराचारो हि पुरुषो नेहायुर्विन्दते महत्। त्रसन्ति यस्माद्भूतानि तथा परिभवन्ति च ॥१३-१०७-७॥

durācāro hi puruṣo nehāyurvindate mahat। trasanti yasmādbhūtāni tathā paribhavanti ca ॥13-107-7॥

[दुराचारः (durācāraḥ) - one of bad conduct; हि (hi) - indeed; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; न (na) - not; इह (iha) - here; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; विन्दते (vindate) - gains; महत् (mahat) - great; त्रसन्ति (trasanti) - are afraid; यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from whom; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures; तथा (tathā) - so; परिभवन्ति (paribhavanti) - despise; च (ca) - and;]

(One of bad conduct indeed, a man not here life gains great. Are afraid from whom creatures, so despise and.)

A man of bad conduct indeed does not attain great longevity here. The creatures whom he frightens, likewise despise him. (13-107-7)

तस्मात्कुर्यादिहाचारं य इच्छेद्भूतिमात्मनः। अपि पापशरीरस्य आचारो हन्त्यलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-८॥

tasmātkuryādihācāraṃ ya icchedbhūtimātmanaḥ। api pāpaśarīrasya ācāro hantyalakṣaṇam ॥13-107-8॥

[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform; इह (iha) - here; आचारं (ācāraṃ) - proper conduct; यः (yaḥ) - who; इच्छेत् (icchet) - desires; भूतिम् (bhūtim) - prosperity; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; अपि (api) - even; पापशरीरस्य (pāpaśarīrasya) - of the sinful-bodied; आचारः (ācāraḥ) - proper conduct; हन्ति (hanti) - destroys; अलक्षणम् (alakṣaṇam) - misfortune;]

(Therefore, one should perform here proper conduct, who desires prosperity of oneself. Even for the sinful-bodied, proper conduct destroys misfortune.)

Therefore, whoever desires their own prosperity should practice proper conduct here. Even for one with a sinful body, good conduct destroys misfortune. (13-107-8)

आचारलक्षणो धर्मः सन्तश्चाचारलक्षणाः। साधूनां च यथा वृत्तमेतदाचारलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-९॥

ācāralakṣaṇo dharmaḥ santaś cācāralakṣaṇāḥ| sādhūnāṃ ca yathā vṛttam etad ācāralakṣaṇam ॥13-107-9॥

[आचारलक्षणः (ācāralakṣaṇaḥ) - the mark of conduct; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - dharma; सन्तः (santaḥ) - good men; च (ca) - and; आचारलक्षणाः (ācāralakṣaṇāḥ) - possessors of conduct-mark; साधूनां (sādhūnām) - of the virtuous; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - as; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct; एतत् (etat) - this; आचारलक्षणम् (ācāra-lakṣaṇam) - mark of conduct;]

(The mark of conduct is dharma; good men are characterized by mark of conduct; and as is the conduct of the virtuous, this is mark of conduct.)

Dharma is marked by proper conduct; good men are recognized by such characteristics; and whatever the conduct of the virtuous, that is the true mark of proper behavior. (13-107-9)

अप्यदृष्टं श्रुतं वापि पुरुषं धर्मचारिणम्। भूतिकर्माणि कुर्वाणं तं जनाः कुर्वते प्रियम् ॥१३-१०७-१०॥

apy adṛṣṭaṁ śrutaṁ vā api puruṣaṁ dharmacāriṇam। bhūti-karmāṇi kurvāṇaṁ taṁ janāḥ kurvate priyam॥13-107-10॥

[अपि (api) - even; अदृष्टं (adṛṣṭam) - unseen; श्रुतं (śrutam) - heard (of); वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - also; पुरुषं (puruṣam) - man; धर्मचारिणम् (dharmacāriṇam) - one following dharma; भूतिकर्माणि (bhūti-karmāṇi) - deeds leading to prosperity; कुर्वाणं (kurvāṇam) - performing; तम् (tam) - him; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; कुर्वते (kurvate) - make; प्रियं (priyam) - dear;]

(Even an unseen or merely heard man, one following dharma, performing deeds leading to prosperity—him people make dear.)

Even a man who is unseen or only heard of, if he follows dharma and performs deeds of prosperity, people make him dear. (13-107-10)

ये नास्तिका निष्क्रियाश्च गुरुशास्त्रातिलङ्घिनः। अधर्मज्ञा दुराचारास्ते भवन्ति गतायुषः ॥१३-१०७-११॥

ye nāstikā niṣkriyāś ca guruśāstrātilaṅghinaḥ. adharmajñā durācārās te bhavanti gatāyuṣaḥ ॥13-107-11॥

[ये (ye) - who; (they who; those who;) नास्तिकाः (nāstikāḥ) - atheists; (deniers; those who do not believe in sacred authority;) निष्क्रियाः (niṣkriyāḥ) - inactive; (without ritual acts;) च (ca) - and; गुरुशास्त्रातिलङ्घिनः (guruśāstrātilaṅghinaḥ) - transgressors of teacher's doctrine; (those who overstep the teacher's scripture;) अधर्मज्ञाः (adharmajñāḥ) - ignorant of dharma; (those who do not know righteousness;) दुराचाराः (durācārāḥ) - of bad conduct; (having improper behavior;) ते (te) - they; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; (are;) गतायुषः (gatāyuṣaḥ) - whose life-force has departed; (who are bereft of life;);]

(Who atheists, inactive and transgressors of the teacher's doctrine, ignorant of dharma, of bad conduct—they become those whose life is gone.)

Those who are atheists, inactive, transgressors of the teacher's scriptures, ignorant of dharma, and of bad conduct—they become ones whose life-force has departed. (13-107-11)

विशीला भिन्नमर्यादा नित्यं सङ्कीर्णमैथुनाः। अल्पायुषो भवन्तीह नरा निरयगामिनः ॥१३-१०७-१२॥

viśīlā bhinnamaryādā nityaṃ saṅkīrṇamaithunāḥ। alpāyuṣo bhavantīha narā nirayagāminaḥ॥13-107-12॥

[विशीला (viśīlā) - licentious; loose in conduct; भिन्नमर्यादा (bhinnamaryādā) - with broken boundaries; those who transgress limits; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; सङ्कीर्णमैथुनाः (saṅkīrṇamaithunāḥ) - having mixed intercourse; involved in promiscuous sexual relations; अल्पायुषः (alpāyuṣaḥ) - short-lived; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become; इह (iha) - here; in this world; नराः (narāḥ) - men; people; निरयगामिनः (nirayagāminaḥ) - going to hell; destined for hell;]

(Licentious, with broken boundaries, always engaged in mixed intercourse, short-lived they become here, men destined for hell.)

Men who are licentious, who transgress boundaries, are ever involved in promiscuous unions, and here, they become short-lived and destined for hell. (13-107-12)

सर्वलक्षणहीनोऽपि समुदाचारवान्नरः। श्रद्दधानोऽनसूयश्च शतं वर्षाणि जीवति ॥१३-१०७-१३॥

sarvalakṣaṇahīno'pi samudācāravān naraḥ। śraddadhāno'nasūyaś ca śataṃ varṣāṇi jīvati॥13-107-13॥

[सर्वलक्षणहीनः (sarvalakṣaṇahīnaḥ) - devoid of all marks; अपि (api) - even; समुदाचारवान् (samudācāravān) - possessed of good conduct; नरः (naraḥ) - man; श्रद्दधानः (śraddadhānaḥ) - faithful; अनसूयश् (anasūyaḥ) - free from envy; च (ca) - and; शतम् (śatam) - a hundred; वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years; जीवति (jīvati) - lives;]

(Even a man devoid of all marks, possessed of good conduct, faithful, and free from envy, lives a hundred years.)

Even a man without all external marks, if he has good conduct, faith, and is free from envy, lives for a hundred years. (13-107-13)

अक्रोधनः सत्यवादी भूतानामविहिंसकः। अनसूयुरजिह्मश्च शतं वर्षाणि जीवति ॥१३-१०७-१४॥

akrodhanaḥ satyavādī bhūtānām avihiṃsakaḥ। anasūyur ajihmaś ca śataṃ varṣāṇi jīvati॥13-107-14॥

[अक्रोधनः (akrodhanaḥ) - one who is free from anger; सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - speaker of truth; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अविहिंसकः (avihiṃsakaḥ) - non-violent; अनसूयुः (anasūyuḥ) - one who is not envious; अजिह्मः (ajihmaḥ) - one who is straightforward; च (ca) - and; शतम् (śatam) - hundred; वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years; जीवति (jīvati) - lives;]

(The one who is free from anger, speaker of truth, non-violent to beings, not envious, and straightforward — he lives a hundred years.)

He who is free from anger, speaks the truth, does not harm beings, is not envious, and is straightforward lives for a hundred years. (13-107-14)

लोष्टमर्दी तृणच्छेदी नखखादी च यो नरः। नित्योच्छिष्टः सङ्कुसुको नेहायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१५॥

loṣṭamardī tṛṇacchedī nakhakhādī ca yo naraḥ। nityocchiṣṭaḥ saṅkusuko nehāyurvindate mahat॥13-107-15॥

[लोष्टमर्दी (loṣṭamardī) - one who crushes clods; तृणच्छेदी (tṛṇacchedī) - one who cuts grass; नखखादी (nakhakhādī) - one who eats nails; च (ca) - and; यः (yaḥ) - who; नरः (naraḥ) - man; नित्य (nitya) - always; उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - defiled by food remnants; सङ्कुसुकः (saṅkusukaḥ) - covertly covetous; न (na) - not; इह (iha) - here; आयुः (āyuḥ) - long life; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(One who crushes clods, one who cuts grass, one who eats nails, and the man who is always defiled by leftovers, who is covertly covetous, does not obtain great longevity here.)

A man who crushes clods, cuts grass, eats nails, is always defiled by food remnants, and is covertly covetous does not attain long life here. (13-107-15)

ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चानुचिन्तयेत्। उत्थायाचम्य तिष्ठेत पूर्वां सन्ध्यां कृताञ्जलिः ॥१३-१०७-१६॥

brāhme muhūrte budhyeta dharmārthau cānucintayet। utthāyācamya tiṣṭhet pūrvāṃ sandhyāṃ kṛtāñjaliḥ॥13-107-16॥

[ब्राह्मे (brāhme) - in the brāhma (pre-dawn); मुहूर्ते (muhūrte) - in the muhūrta (auspicious time); बुध्येत (budhyeta) - he/she should awaken; धर्मार्थौ (dharmārthau) - dharma and artha (virtue and pursuit of wealth); च (ca) - and; अनुचिन्तयेत् (anucintayet) - should carefully reflect upon; उत्थाय (utthāya) - having arisen; आचम्य (ācamya) - having sipped water ceremonially; तिष्ठेत (tiṣṭhet) - should stand; पूर्वां (pūrvām) - the morning; सन्ध्यां (sandhyām) - sandhyā (twilight worship); कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with hands joined in reverence;]

(In the brāhma muhūrta he should awaken; dharma and artha he should reflect upon; having arisen and having sipped water, he should stand for the morning sandhyā with hands joined in reverence.)

One should awaken in the brāhma muhūrta, contemplate both dharma and artha, and after rising and performing ceremonial sipping, stand with hands joined in reverence for the morning sandhyā. (13-107-16)

एवमेवापरां सन्ध्यां समुपासीत वाग्यतः। नेक्षेतादित्यमुद्यन्तं नास्तं यान्तं कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-१७॥

evamevāparāṃ sandhyāṃ samupāsīta vāgyataḥ। nekṣetādityamudyantaṃ nāstaṃ yāntaṃ kadācana॥13-107-17॥

[एवमेव (evam-eva) - in this way itself; अपरां (aparāṃ) - the later (evening); सन्ध्यां (sandhyāṃ) - twilight; समुपासीत (samupāsīta) - should properly observe; वाग्यतः (vāg-yataḥ) - with speech restrained; नेक्षेत (nekṣeta) - should not look at; आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the Sun; उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising; न (na) - not; अस्तं यान्तम् (astaṃ yāntam) - setting; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time;]

(In this way itself, the later twilight should be properly observed with speech restrained. One should not look at the Sun rising nor at the setting (Sun) at any time.)

In the same way, the evening twilight should be faithfully observed in silence. One should never look at the Sun as it rises or sets. (13-107-17)

ऋषयो दीर्घसन्ध्यत्वाद्दीर्घमायुरवाप्नुवन्। तस्मात्तिष्ठेत्सदा पूर्वां पश्चिमां चैव वाग्यतः ॥१३-१०७-१८॥

ṛṣayo dīrghasandhyatvāddīrghamāyuravāpnuvan। tasmāttiṣṭhetsadā pūrvāṃ paścimāṃ caiva vāgyataḥ ॥13-107-18॥

[ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages; दीर्घसन्ध्यत्वात् (dīrghasandhyatvāt) - due to having long twilight observance; दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; अवाप्नुवन् (avāpnuvan) - they obtained; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - one should stand; सदा (sadā) - always; पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - eastern (twilight); पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western (twilight); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - with speech restrained;]

(Sages, due to having long twilight observance, obtained long lifespan. Therefore, one should always stand at the eastern and also at the western (twilight) with speech restrained.)

The sages attained long life by observing lengthy twilight rituals. Therefore, one should always stand during both the morning and evening twilight periods, refraining from speech. (13-107-18)

ये च पूर्वामुपासन्ते द्विजाः सन्ध्यां न पश्चिमाम्। सर्वांस्तान्धार्मिको राजा शूद्रकर्माणि कारयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१९॥

ye ca pūrvām upāsante dvijāḥ sandhyāṃ na paścimām। sarvāṃs tān dhārmiko rājā śūdrakarmāṇi kārayet॥13-107-19॥

[ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; पूर्वाम् (pūrvām) - the morning; उपासन्ते (upāsante) - worship; द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - twice-born (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); सन्ध्यां (sandhyām) - twilight; न (na) - not; पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - the evening; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; तान् (tān) - those; धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous; राजा (rājā) - king; शूद्रकर्माणि (śūdrakarmāṇi) - Śūdra-tasks; कारयेत् (kārayet) - should make (them) do;]

(Those who and the morning worship twice-born twilight not the evening, all those the righteous king Śūdra-tasks should make (them) do.)

The righteous king should make all those twice-born who worship only the morning twilight and not the evening perform Śūdra duties. (13-107-19)

परदारा न गन्तव्याः सर्ववर्णेषु कर्हिचित्। न हीदृशमनायुष्यं लोके किञ्चन विद्यते ॥ यादृशं पुरुषस्येह परदारोपसेवनम् ॥१३-१०७-२०॥

paradārā na gantavyāḥ sarvavarṇeṣu karhicit। na hīdṛśamanāyuṣyaṃ loke kiñcana vidyate॥ yādṛśaṃ puruṣasyeha paradāropasevanam॥13-107-20॥

[परदारा (paradārā) (paradārā) - another's wife; न (na) (na) - not; गन्तव्याः (gantavyāḥ) (gantavyāḥ) - to be approached; सर्ववर्णेषु (sarvavarṇeṣu) (sarvavarṇeṣu) - in all classes; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) (karhicit) - at any time; न (na) (na) - not; हि (hi) (hi) - indeed; इदृशम् (idṛśam) (idṛśam) - such; अनायुष्यम् (anāyuṣyam) (anāyuṣyam) - detrimental to lifespan; लोके (loke) (loke) - in the world; किञ्चन (kiñcana) (kiñcana) - anything; विध्यते (vidyate) (vidyate) - is found; यादृशम् (yādṛśam) (yādṛśam) - such as; पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) (puruṣasya) - of a man; इह (iha) (iha) - here; परदार-उपसेवनम् (paradāra-upasevanam) (paradāra-upasevanam) - association with another's wife;]

(Another's wife not to be approached by anyone of any class at any time. Not indeed such a detriment to lifespan in the world is found as (that) of a man's association here with another's wife.)

No one of any class should ever approach another's wife. In this world, nothing else so shortens a man's life as association with another's wife does. (13-107-20)

प्रसाधनं च केशानामञ्जनं दन्तधावनम्। पूर्वाह्ण एव कुर्वीत देवतानां च पूजनम् ॥१३-१०७-२१॥

prasādhanaṃ ca keśānāmañjanaṃ dantadhāvanam। pūrvāhṇa eva kurvīta devatānāṃ ca pūjanam ॥13-107-21॥

[प्रसाधनम् (prasādhanaṃ) - adornment;​ च (ca) - and;​ केशानाम् (keśānām) - of the hair;​ अञ्जनम् (añjanam) - anointing (with collyrium);​ दन्तधावनम् (dantadhāvanam) - teeth-cleaning;​ पूर्वाह्ण​ (pūrvāhṇa) - forenoon;​ एव (eva) - indeed;​ कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do;​ देवतानाम् (devatānām) - of the deities;​ च (ca) - and;​ पूजनम् (pūjanam) - worship;​;]

(Adornment and of the hair anointing, teeth-cleaning; forenoon indeed one should do, of the deities and worship.)

One should perform the adornment of hair, applying collyrium, and cleaning of teeth, and also the worship of the deities, all in the forenoon. (13-107-21)

पुरीषमूत्रे नोदीक्षेन्नाधितिष्ठेत्कदाचन। उदक्यया च सम्भाषां न कुर्वीत कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-२२॥

puriṣamūtre nodīkṣennādhitiṣṭhetkadācana। udakyayā ca sambhāṣāṃ na kurvīta kadācana॥13-107-22॥

[पुरीषमूत्रे (puriṣa-mūtre) - in excrement and urine; न (na) - not; उदीक्षेत् (udīkṣet) - should he initiate (someone); न (na) - not; अधितिष्ठेत् (adhitiṣṭhet) - should he reside (there); कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; उदक्यया (udakyayā) - with a woman of the lowest caste (water-carrying woman); च (ca) - and; सम्भाषाम् (sambhāṣām) - conversation; न (na) - not; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should he engage in; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time;]

(In excrement and urine, should not initiate, not should reside at any time; with a woman of the lowest caste and conversation, not should engage in at any time.)

One should never initiate (a ritual) or reside in a place soiled by excrement or urine; nor should one ever engage in conversation with a woman of the lowest caste. (13-107-22)

नोत्सृजेत पुरीषं च क्षेत्रे ग्रामस्य चान्तिके। उभे मूत्रपुरीषे तु नाप्सु कुर्यात्कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-२३॥

notsṛjet purīṣaṃ ca kṣetre grāmasya cāntike। ubhe mūtrapurīṣe tu nāpsu kuryātkadācana ॥13-107-23॥

[न (na) - not; उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should discharge; पुरीषं (purīṣam) - excrement; च (ca) - and; क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in a field; ग्रामस्य (grāmasya) - of the village; च (ca) - and; अन्तिके (antike) - near; उभे (ubhe) - both; मूत्रपुरीषे (mūtrapurīṣe) - urine and excrement; तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; अप्सु (apsu) - in water; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever;]

(Not should discharge excrement and in a field, of the village and near. Both urine and excrement but not in water should do ever.)

One should not discharge excrement in a field or near a village, and one should never deposit either urine or excrement in water. (13-107-23)

प्राङ्मुखो नित्यमश्नीयाद्वाग्यतोऽन्नमकुत्सयन्। प्रस्कन्दयेच्च मनसा भुक्त्वा चाग्निमुपस्पृशेत् ॥१३-१०७-२४॥

prāṅmukho nityamaśnīyād vāgyato'nnam akutsayan। praskandayec ca manasā bhuktvā cāgnim upaspṛśet ॥13-107-24॥

[प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat; वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - in silence; अन्नम् (annam) - food; अकुत्सयन् (akutsayan) - without despising; प्रस्कन्दयेत् (praskandayet) - should let sink; च (ca) - and; मनसा (manasā) - with the mind; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten; च (ca) - and; अग्निम् (agnim) - fire; उपस्पृशेत् (upaspṛśet) - should touch (ritually);]

(Facing east, always, one should eat, in silence, food, without despising; should let (it) sink with the mind and having eaten, and (one) should touch fire.)

One should always eat food facing east, in silence, and without despising it; having let it settle with the mind and after eating, one should touch fire. (13-107-24)

आयुष्यं प्राङ्मुखो भुङ्क्ते यशस्यं दक्षिणामुखः। धन्यं पश्चान्मुखो भुङ्क्ते ऋतं भुङ्क्ते उदङ्मुखः ॥१३-१०७-२५॥

āyuṣyaṃ prāṅmukho bhuṅkte yaśasyaṃ dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ। dhanyaṃ paścānmukho bhuṅkte ṛtaṃ bhuṅkte udaṅmukhaḥ ॥13-107-25॥

[आयुष्यं (āyuṣyam) - longevity; life-span; प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; eats; यशस्यं (yaśasyam) - fame; दक्षिणामुखः (dakṣiṇāmukhaḥ) - facing south; धन्यं (dhanyam) - wealth; grain; पश्चान्मुखः (paścānmukhaḥ) - facing west; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; eats; ऋतं (ṛtam) - truth; sacred food; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys; eats; उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north;]

(Longevity facing east eats, fame facing south eats; wealth facing west eats, truth eats facing north.)

One who eats facing east partakes of longevity; facing south, of fame; facing west, of wealth; facing north, of truth. (13-107-25)

नाधितिष्ठेत्तुषाञ्जातु केशभस्मकपालिकाः। अन्यस्य चाप्युपस्थानं दूरतः परिवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-२६॥

nādhitiṣṭhettuṣāñjātu keśabhasmakapālikāḥ। anyasya cāpyupasthānaṃ dūrataḥ parivarjayet॥13-107-26॥

[न (na) - not; अधितिष्ठेत् (adhitiṣṭhet) - should stand upon; should reside upon; तुषान् (tuṣān) - husks; जातु (jātu) - ever; at any time; केश-भस्म-कपालिकाः (keśa-bhasma-kapālikāḥ) - objects related to hair, ashes, or potsherds; अन्यस्य (anyasya) - of another; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; उपस्थानम् (upasthānam) - residence; seat; proximity; दूरतः (dūrataḥ) - from afar; at a distance; परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - should avoid;]

(Not should stand upon husks ever, or (upon) articles (related to) hair, ashes, or potsherds; of another also, proximity at a distance should avoid.)

One should never stand upon husks, or articles made of hair, ashes, or potsherds; and should also avoid residing near the seat of another from a distance. (13-107-26)

शान्तिहोमांश्च कुर्वीत सावित्राणि च कारयेत्। निषण्णश्चापि खादेत न तु गच्छन्कथञ्चन ॥१३-१०७-२७॥

śāntihomāṁś ca kurvīta sāvitriāṇi ca kārayet। niṣaṇṇaś cāpi khādet na tu gacchan kathaṁcana ॥13-107-27॥

[शान्तिहोमांश्च (śāntihomāṁś ca) - peace-sacrifices and; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform; सावित्राणि (sāvitriāṇi) - Sāvitrī (mantras); च (ca) - and; कारयेत् (kārayet) - should cause to be performed; निषण्णः (niṣaṇṇaḥ) - being seated; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; खादेत् (khādet) - should eat; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; गच्छन् (gacchan) - while going; कथञ्चन (kathaṁcana) - in any way;]

(He should perform peace-sacrifices and should cause the Sāvitrī mantras to be performed. Being seated and also, he should eat, but not in any way while going.)

He should perform śānti-homas and have the Sāvitrī mantras recited; he should eat only when seated, and never while walking. (13-107-27)

मूत्रं न तिष्ठता कार्यं न भस्मनि न गोव्रजे। आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जीत नार्द्रपादस्तु संविशेत्। आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जानो वर्षाणां जीवते शतम् ॥१३-१०७-२९॥

mūtraṃ na tiṣṭhatā kāryaṃ na bhasmani na govraje. ārdrapādastu bhuñjīta nārdrāpādastu saṃviśet. ārdrapādastu bhuñjāno varṣāṇāṃ jīvate śatam ॥13-107-29॥

[मूत्रं (mūtraṃ) - urine; न (na) - not; तिष्ठता (tiṣṭhatā) - by one standing; कार्यं (kāryam) - should be done; न (na) - not; भस्मनि (bhasmani) - upon ashes; न (na) - not; गोव्रजे (govraje) - in a cowshed; आर्द्रपादः (ārdrapādaḥ) - one with wet feet; तु (tu) - but; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; न (na) - not; आर्द्रपादः (ārdrapādaḥ) - one with wet feet; तु (tu) - but; संविशेत् (saṃviśet) - should lie down; आर्द्रपादः (ārdrapādaḥ) - one with wet feet; तु (tu) - but; भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - eating; वर्षाणां (varṣāṇām) - of years; जीवते (jīvate) - lives; शतम् (śatam) - a hundred;]

(Urine not by one standing should be done, not upon ashes, not in a cowshed. With wet feet, however, one should eat; with wet feet, however, one should not lie down. With wet feet, however, eating, of years lives a hundred.)

One should not pass urine while standing, nor on ashes nor in a cowshed. However, one should eat with wet feet; one should not lie down with wet feet. One who eats with wet feet lives for a hundred years. (13-107-29)

त्रीणि तेजांसि नोच्छिष्ट आलभेत कदाचन। अग्निं गां ब्राह्मणं चैव तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-३०॥

trīṇi tejāṃsi nocchiṣṭa ālabheta kadācana। agniṃ gāṃ brāhmaṇaṃ caiva tathāsyāyurna riṣyate॥13-107-30॥

[त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three; (neuter plural); तेजांसि (tejāṃsi) - powers; (energized forms); न (na) - not; उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - impure (after eating, etc.); आलभेत (ālabheta) - should touch; (should take up); कदाचन (kadācana) - ever; (at any time); अग्निं (agniṃ) - fire; (accusative singular); गाम् (gām) - cow; (earth); ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brāhmaṇa (a Brāhmaṇa person); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; तथा (tathā) - thus; (so; in this way); अस्य (asya) - his; (of him); आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is diminished; (comes to harm);]

(Three powers not-impure (impure person) should touch at any time; fire, cow, Brāhmaṇa and indeed thus his lifespan not is diminished.)

One should never touch the three powers—fire, a cow, or a Brāhmaṇa—while impure; thus, his lifespan will not be diminished. (13-107-30)

त्रीणि तेजांसि नोच्छिष्ट उदीक्षेत कदाचन। सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ चैव नक्षत्राणि च सर्वशः ॥१३-१०७-३१॥

trīṇi tejāṃsi nocchiṣṭa udīkṣeta kadācana। sūryācandramasau caiva nakṣatrāṇi ca sarvaśaḥ॥13-107-31॥

[त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three (dual or plural neuter); तेजांसि (tejāṃsi) - lustrous things; luminous beings; न (na) - not; उच्छिष्ट (ucchiṣṭa) - impure (after eating); उदीक्षेत (udīkṣeta) - should look at; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; ever; सूर्य (sūrya) - Sun; चन्द्रमसौ (candramasau) - Moon; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - stars; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - altogether; in every way;]

(Three luminous beings not impure should look at at any time; Sun, Moon indeed and stars and altogether.)

One who is impure (after eating) should never at any time look at the three luminous beings—the Sun, the Moon, and all the stars—in any way. (13-107-31)

ऊर्ध्वं प्राणा ह्युत्क्रामन्ति यूनः स्थविर आयति। प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्यां पुनस्तान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१३-१०७-३२॥

ūrdhvaṃ prāṇā hyutkrāmanti yūnaḥ sthavira āyati. pratyutthānābhivādābhyāṃ punastān pratipadyate ॥13-107-32॥

[ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvam) - upwards; प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital breaths; हि (hi) - indeed; उत्क्रामन्ति (utkrāmanti) - depart; यूनः (yūnaḥ) - of a youth; स्थविर (sthavira) - an elder; आयति (āyati) - approaches; प्रत्युत्थानाभिवादाभ्याम् (pratyutthānābhivādābhyām) - by rising and salutation; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; तान् (tān) - those; प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - gains;]

(Upwards the vital breaths indeed depart; when an elder approaches a youth. By rising and salutation, again, those (prāṇas) he gains.)

Indeed, the vital breaths leave upward from a youth when an elder approaches; by rising and saluting, the youth regains them. (13-107-32)

अभिवादयेत वृद्धांश्च आसनं चैव दापयेत्। कृताञ्जलिरुपासीत गच्छन्तं पृष्ठतोऽन्वियात् ॥१३-१०७-३३॥

abhivādayet vṛddhāṁś ca āsanaṁ caiva dāpayet. kṛtāñjalir upāsīta gacchantaṁ pṛṣṭhato'nviyāt ॥13-107-33॥

[अभिवादयेत् (abhivādayet) - should pay respects; वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders; च (ca) - and; आसनं (āsanam) - seat; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; दापयेत् (dāpayet) - should cause to be given; कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with joined palms; उपासीत (upāsīta) - should serve; गच्छन्तं (gacchantam) - one who is going; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind; अन्वियात् (anviyāt) - should follow;]

(He should pay respects to elders and indeed should cause a seat to be given. With joined palms, he should serve; he should follow one going from behind.)

He should salute the elders, provide a seat for them, serve them with joined palms, and follow behind when they are walking. (13-107-33)

न चासीतासने भिन्ने भिन्नं कांस्यं च वर्जयेत्। नैकवस्त्रेण भोक्तव्यं न नग्नः स्नातुमर्हति ॥ स्वप्तव्यं नैव नग्नेन न चोच्छिष्टोऽपि संविशेत् ॥१३-१०७-३४॥

na cāsītāsane bhinne bhinnaṁ kāṁsyaṁ ca varjayet. naikavastreṇa bhoktavyaṁ na nagnaḥ snātumarhati ॥ svaptavyaṁ naiva nagnena na cocchiṣṭo'pi saṁviśet ॥13-107-34॥

[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; आसीत (āsīta) - should sit; आसने (āsane) - on a seat; भिन्ने (bhinne) - broken; भिन्नं (bhinnaṁ) - broken; कांस्यं (kāṁsyaṁ) - bronze vessel; च (ca) - and; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; न (na) - not; एकवस्त्रेण (ekavastreṇa) - with a single garment; भोक्तव्यं (bhoktavyaṁ) - should eat; न (na) - not; नग्नः (na nagnaḥ) - naked; स्नातुम् (snātum) - to bathe; अर्हति (arhati) - worthy (should); स्वप्तव्यं (svaptavyaṁ) - should sleep; नैव (na eva) - not at all; नग्नेन (nagnena) - by one naked; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who has partaken (of food), impure after eating; अपि (api) - also; संविशेत् (saṁviśet) - should lie down (on bed/seat);]

(And one should not sit on a broken seat; one should avoid broken bronze vessels. One should not eat with a single garment; a naked person is not worthy to bathe. One should not at all sleep while naked; nor should one who is impure after eating also lie down.)

One should not sit on a broken seat, and should avoid broken bronze vessels. One should not eat while wearing only one garment, nor should a naked person bathe. One must not sleep naked, and after eating, one should not lie down without first purifying oneself. (13-107-34)

उच्छिष्टो न स्पृशेच्छीर्षं सर्वे प्राणास्तदाश्रयाः। केशग्रहान्प्रहारांश्च शिरस्येतान्विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-३५॥

ucchiṣṭo na spṛśecchīrṣaṃ sarve prāṇāstadāśrayāḥ। keśagrahān prahārāṃś ca śirasy etān vivarjayet ॥13-107-35॥

[उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who is impure after eating; न (na) - not; स्पृशेत् (spṛśet) - should touch; शीर्षम् (śīrṣam) - the head; सर्वे (sarve) - all; प्राणाः (prāṇāḥ) - vital energies; तत्-आश्रयाः (tat-āśrayāḥ) - depend on it; केशग्रहान् (keśagrahān) - graspings of the hair; प्रहारांश् (prahārāṃś) - blows; च (ca) - and; शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head; एतान् (etān) - these; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid;]

(One who is impure after eating should not touch the head; all vital energies depend on it. Graspings of the hair and blows on the head, these, one should avoid.)

One who is impure from eating should not touch the head, for all vital energies depend on it. One should avoid grasping the hair and striking blows on the head. (13-107-35)

न पाणिभ्यामुभाभ्यां च कण्डूयेज्जातु वै शिरः। न चाभीक्ष्णं शिरः स्नायात्तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-३६॥

na pāṇibhyām ubhābhyām ca kaṇḍūyec jātu vai śiraḥ। na ca abhīkṣṇam śiraḥ snāyāt tathā asya āyuḥ na riṣyate॥13-107-36॥

[न (na) - not; पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - with the two hands; उभाभ्यां (ubhābhyām) - with both (hands); च (ca) - and; कण्डूयेत् (kaṇḍūyet) - should scratch; जातु (jātu) - ever; वै (vai) - indeed; शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - frequently; शिरः (śiraḥ) - the head; स्नायात् (snāyāt) - should wash; तथा (tathā) - thus; अस्य (asya) - his; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is diminished;]

(Not with the two hands, with both, and should one scratch ever indeed the head. And not frequently the head should wash; thus his lifespan is not diminished.)

One should never scratch the head with both hands, nor should he wash the head too frequently; thus, his lifespan is not diminished. (13-107-36)

शिरःस्नातश्च तैलेन नाङ्गं किञ्चिदुपस्पृशेत्। तिलपिष्टं न चाश्नीयात्तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-३७॥

śiraḥ-snātaś ca tailena na aṅgaṃ kiñcid upaspṛśet. tila-piṣṭaṃ na ca aśnīyāt tathā āyuḥ vindate mahat ॥13-107-37॥

[शिरःस्नातः (śiraḥ-snātaḥ) - having bathed the head; च (ca) - and; तैलेन (tailena) - with oil; न (na) - not; अङ्गं (aṅgam) - the body; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - even a little; उपस्पृशेत् (upaspṛśet) - should touch; तिलपिष्टं (tila-piṣṭam) - sesame paste; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat; तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(Having bathed the head and with oil, one should not touch the body even a little; nor should one eat sesame paste; thus one obtains great life.)

One who has bathed the head and anointed with oil should not let the body come into contact (with water) even a little, nor should eat sesame paste; by doing so, one attains a long life. (13-107-37)

नाध्यापयेत्तथोच्छिष्टो नाधीयीत कदाचन। वाते च पूतिगन्धे च मनसापि न चिन्तयेत् ॥१३-१०७-३८॥

nādhyāpayet tathocchiṣṭo nādhīyīta kadācana। vāte ca pūtigandhe ca manasāpi na cintayet ॥13-107-38॥

[न (na) - not; अध्यापयेत् (adhyāpayet) - should teach; तथा (tathā) - thus; in such manner; उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who is impure (from having eaten, etc.); न (na) - not; अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; वाते (vāte) - (in the) wind (when blowing); च (ca) - and; पूतिगन्धे (pūtigandhe) - in (a place with) foul smell; च (ca) - and; मनसा अपि (manasā api) - even with (one's) mind; न (na) - not; चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - should contemplate;]

(Not should one teach thus impure, nor should one study at any time. In wind and in foul odor and even with the mind, one should not contemplate.)

One should not teach while impure, nor should one study at any time in such a state. One should not even contemplate in a windy place or where there is a foul smell. (13-107-38)

अत्र गाथा यमोद्गीताः कीर्तयन्ति पुराविदः। आयुरस्य निकृन्तामि प्रजामस्याददे तथा ॥१३-१०७-३९॥

atra gāthā yamodgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ। āyur asya nikṛntāmi prajām asyādade tathā ॥13-107-39॥

[अत्र (atra) - here; गाथा (gāthāḥ) - verses; यमोद्गीताः (yamodgītāḥ) - uttered by Yama; कीर्तयन्ति (kīrtayanti) - they recite; पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - knowers of ancient lore; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; अस्य (asya) - of this (person); निकृन्तामि (nikṛntāmi) - I cut; प्रजाम् (prajām) - progeny; अस्य (asyā) - of this (person); आददे (ādade) - I take (away); तथा (tathā) - thus;]

(Here verses uttered by Yama the knowers of ancient lore recite. The life of this person I cut, the progeny of this person I take away thus.)

Here, the knowers of ancient lore recite verses spoken by Yama: "I cut off his life, and thus I take away his progeny." (13-107-39)

य उच्छिष्टः प्रवदति स्वाध्यायं चाधिगच्छति। यश्चानध्यायकालेऽपि मोहादभ्यस्यति द्विजः ॥ तस्माद्युक्तोऽप्यनध्याये नाधीयीत कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-४०॥

ya ucchiṣṭaḥ pravadati svādhyāyaṃ cādhigacchati। yaścānadhyāyakāle'pi mohādabhyasyati dvijaḥ ॥ tasmādyukto'pyanadhyāye nādhīyīta kadācana ॥13-107-40॥

[य (ya) - who; उच्छिष्टः (ucchiṣṭaḥ) - one who is impure (after eating, etc.); प्रवदति (pravadati) - recites; स्वाध्यायं (svādhyāyaṃ) - self-study; च (ca) - and; अधिगच्छति (adhigacchati) - undertakes; reaches; यः (yaḥ) - who; च (ca) - and; अनध्यायकाले (anadhyāyakāle) - in the time of forbidden study; अपि (api) - even; मोहात् (mohāt) - out of delusion; अभ्यस्यति (abhyasyati) - engages in recitation; practices; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born (Brahmin); तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - qualified; capable; अपि (api) - even; अनध्याये (anadhyāye) - in the time of forbidden study; न (na) - not; अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - should study; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; ever;]

(Who, being impure, recites and undertakes self-study; and who, even in the time of forbidden study, out of delusion, a twice-born, practices—therefore, even if qualified, in the time of forbidden study, should not study at any time.)

He who recites and studies self-study while impure, and the twice-born who, out of delusion, practices even at the time when study is forbidden—therefore, even if qualified, one should never study during the period when study is not permitted. (13-107-40)

प्रत्यादित्यं प्रत्यनिलं प्रति गां च प्रति द्विजान्। ये मेहन्ति च पन्थानं ते भवन्ति गतायुषः ॥१३-१०७-४१॥

pratyādityaṃ pratyanilaṃ prati gāṃ ca prati dvijān। ye mehanti ca panthānaṃ te bhavanti gatāyuṣaḥ ॥13-107-41॥

[प्रति (prati) - towards; आदित्यं (ādityam) - the Sun; प्रति (prati) - towards; अनिलं (anilam) - the Wind; प्रति (prati) - towards; गाम् (gām) - the Earth; च (ca) - and; प्रति (prati) - towards; द्विजान् (dvijān) - the twice-born (brāhmaṇas); ये (ye) - those who; मेहन्ति (mehanti) - pollute; च (ca) - and; पन्थानम् (panthānam) - the path; ते (te) - they; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; गतायुषः (gatāyuṣaḥ) - devoid of life;]

(Towards the Sun, towards the Wind, towards the Earth, and towards the twice-born, those who pollute and the path, they become devoid of life.)

Those who pollute the Sun, the Wind, the Earth, the twice-born, and the path — they become devoid of life. (13-107-41)

उभे मूत्रपुरीषे तु दिवा कुर्यादुदङ्मुखः। दक्षिणाभिमुखो रात्रौ तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-४२॥

ubhe mūtrapurīṣe tu divā kuryād udaṅmukhaḥ। dakṣiṇābhimukho rātrau tathāsyāyur na riṣyate ॥13-107-42॥

[उभे (ubhe) - both; मूत्रपुरीषे (mūtrapurīṣe) - urine and feces; तु (tu) - but; दिवा (divā) - by day; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north; दक्षिणाभिमुखः (dakṣiṇābhimukhaḥ) - facing south; रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night; तथा (tathā) - thus; अस्य (asya) - his; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is harmed;]

(Both urine and feces but by day should do facing north; facing south at night thus his lifespan not is harmed;)

One should evacuate both urine and feces facing north during the day, and facing south at night; thus, his lifespan is not harmed. (13-107-42)

त्रीन्कृशान्नावजानीयाद्दीर्घमायुर्जिजीविषुः। ब्राह्मणं क्षत्रियं सर्पं सर्वे ह्याशीविषास्त्रयः ॥१३-१०७-४३॥

trīn kṛśānn āvajānīyād dīrgham āyur jijīviṣuḥ। brāhmaṇaṃ kṣatriyaṃ sarpaṃ sarve hy āśīviṣās trayaḥ॥13-107-43॥

[त्रीन् (trīn) - three; कृशान्न (kṛśānna) - thin in food; of poor nourishment; अवजानीयात् (avajānīyāt) - should not despise; दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; जिजीविषुः (jijīviṣuḥ) - wishing to live; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - a Brahmin; क्षत्रियम् (kṣatriyam) - a Kshatriya; सर्पम् (sarpam) - a serpent; सर्वे (sarve) - all; हि (hi) - indeed; आशीविषाः (āśīviṣāḥ) - poisonous beings; त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three;]

(Three thin-in-food (emaciated) should not be despised by one wishing long life: a Brahmin, a Kshatriya, a serpent—all indeed are three poisonous beings.)

One who wishes for a long life should not despise three emaciated beings: a Brahmin, a Kshatriya, and a serpent; all three are truly as dangerous as venomous creatures. (13-107-43)

दहत्याशीविषः क्रुद्धो यावत्पश्यति चक्षुषा। क्षत्रियोऽपि दहेत्क्रुद्धो यावत्स्पृशति तेजसा ॥१३-१०७-४४॥

dahaty āśī-viṣaḥ kruddho yāvat paśyati cakṣuṣā। kṣatriyo'pi dahet kruddho yāvat spṛśati tejasā॥13-107-44॥

[दहति (dahati) - burns; आशीविषः (āśī-viṣaḥ) - venomous serpent; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angered; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees; चक्षुषा (cakṣuṣā) - with (its) eye; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a Kṣatriya; अपि (api) - also; दहेत् (dahet) - may burn; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angered; यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until; स्पृशति (spṛśati) - touches; तेजसा (tejasā) - with (his) energy;]

(Burns venomous serpent angered as long as sees with (its) eye. Kṣatriya also may burn angered as long as touches with (his) energy.)

An angered venomous serpent burns (its victim) as long as it sees (it) with its eye; likewise, an angered Kṣatriya may burn (his enemy) as long as he touches (him) with his energy. (13-107-44)

ब्राह्मणस्तु कुलं हन्याद्ध्यानेनावेक्षितेन च। तस्मादेतत्त्रयं यत्नादुपसेवेत पण्डितः ॥१३-१०७-४५॥

brāhmaṇas tu kulaṃ hanyād dhyānenāvekṣitena ca। tasmād etat trayaṃ yatnād upaseveta paṇḍitaḥ॥13-107-45॥

[ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brāhmaṇa; तु (tu) - but; कुलम् (kulam) - family; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - may destroy; ध्यानेन (dhyānena) - by meditation; अवेक्षितेन (avekṣitena) - by attentive observation; च (ca) - and; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; एतत् (etat) - this; त्रयम् (trayam) - three; यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort; उपसेवेत (upaseveta) - should practice; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the wise one;]

(But the Brāhmaṇa may destroy the family by meditation and by attentive observation. Therefore, these three a wise one should practice with effort.)

But the Brāhmaṇa can destroy the family through meditation and careful observation. Therefore, a wise person should diligently practice these three. (13-107-45)

गुरुणा वैरनिर्बन्धो न कर्तव्यः कदाचन। अनुमान्यः प्रसाद्यश्च गुरुः क्रुद्धो युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-४६॥

guruṇā vairanirbandho na kartavyaḥ kadācana। anumānyaḥ prasādyaś ca guruḥ kruddho yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-107-46॥

[गुरुणा (guruṇā) - by the teacher; (instrumental singular); वैरनिर्बन्धः (vairanirbandhaḥ) - hostile persistence; enmity; (nominative singular); न (na) - not; कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be done; ought to be done; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever; at any time; अनुमान्यः (anumānyaḥ) - to be appeased; fit to be appeased; प्रसाद्यश्च (prasādyaś ca) - also having been propitiated; and after pacifying; गुरुः (guruḥ) - the teacher; (nominative singular); क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(By the teacher hostile persistence not should be done ever. To be appeased and also having been propitiated, the teacher angry, Yudhiṣṭhira.)

Yudhiṣṭhira, persistent hostility towards the teacher should never be done. If the teacher is angry, he must be appeased and propitiated. (13-107-46)

सम्यङ्मिथ्याप्रवृत्तेऽपि वर्तितव्यं गुराविह। गुरुनिन्दा दहत्यायुर्मनुष्याणां न संशयः ॥१३-१०७-४७॥

samyaṅmithyāpravṛtte'pi vartitavyaṃ gurāviha। gurunindā dahatyāyurmanuṣyāṇāṃ na saṃśayaḥ॥13-107-47॥

[सम्यक्-मिथ्या-प्रवृत्तेऽपि (samyak-mithyā-pravṛtte'pi) - in correct and incorrect (ways) even; वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should behave; गुरौ (gurau) - with the teacher; इह (iha) - here; गुरु-निन्दा (guru-nindā) - criticism of the teacher; दहति (dahati) - burns; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of human beings; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṃśayaḥ) - (is) doubt;]

(Even in correct and incorrect actions, one should behave here with the teacher; criticism of the teacher burns the lifespan of human beings, there is no doubt.)

One must conduct oneself towards the teacher, whether his actions are right or wrong; criticism of the teacher destroys the lifespan of humans—there is no doubt about it. (13-107-47)

दूरादावसथान्मूत्रं दूरात्पादावसेचनम्। उच्छिष्टोत्सर्जनं चैव दूरे कार्यं हितैषिणा ॥१३-१०७-४८॥

dūrād-āvasthān-mūtraṃ dūrāt-pādāva-secanam | ucchiṣṭotsarjanam caiva dūre kāryaṃ hitaiṣiṇā ॥13-107-48॥

[दूरात् (dūrāt) (dūrāt) - from a distance;, आवसथात् (āvasathāt) (āvasathāt) - from the dwelling;, मूत्रम् (mūtram) (mūtram) - urine;, दूरात् (dūrāt) (dūrāt) - from a distance;, पादावसेचनम् (pādāva-secanam) (pādāva-secanam) - washing the feet;, उच्छिष्टोत्सर्जनम् (ucchiṣṭa-utsarjanam) (ucchiṣṭotsarjanam) - disposal of leftovers;, च (ca) (ca) - and;, एव (eva) (eva) - indeed;, दूरे (dūre) (dūre) - at a distance;, कार्यं (kāryam) (kāryam) - should be done;, हितैषिणा (hitaiṣiṇā) (hitaiṣiṇā) - by one who desires welfare;.;]

(Urine from a distance from the dwelling, washing of feet from a distance, the disposal of leftovers indeed, at a distance should be done by one who desires welfare.)

One who desires welfare should perform urination away from the dwelling, washing of feet at a distance, and the disposal of leftovers from food also at a distance. (13-107-48)

नातिकल्पं नातिसायं न च मध्यंदिने स्थिते। नाज्ञातैः सह गच्छेत नैको न वृषलैः सह ॥१३-१०७-४९॥

nātikalpaṃ nātisāyaṃ na ca madhyaṃdine sthite। nājñātaiḥ saha gacchet naiko na vṛṣalaiḥ saha॥13-107-49॥

[न (na) - not; अतिकल्पं (atikalpam) - excessively early (in the morning); न (na) - not; अतिसायं (atisāyam) - excessively late (in the evening); न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; मध्यंदिने (madhyaṃdine) - midday (when the sun is at the zenith); स्थिते (sthite) - (when) situated (i.e., occurring, present); न (na) - not; अज्ञातैः (ajñātaiḥ) - with unknown (people); सह (saha) - with; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; न (na) - not; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; न (na) - not; वृषलैः (vṛṣalaiḥ) - with wicked (men, outcastes, low people); सह (saha) - with;]

(Not (should one go out) excessively early, not excessively late, not when (the sun is) situated at midday; not should one go with unknown (people), not alone, not with wicked ones.)

One should not go out either too early, too late, or when it is midday; nor should one go with unknown people, alone, or with wicked individuals. (13-107-49)

पन्था देयो ब्राह्मणाय गोभ्यो राजभ्य एव च। वृद्धाय भारतप्ताय गर्भिण्यै दुर्बलाय च ॥१३-१०७-५०॥

panthā deyo brāhmaṇāya gobhyo rājabhya eva ca। vṛddhāya bhārataptāya garbhiṇyai durbalāya ca ॥13-107-50॥

[पन्था (panthā) - the path; (way); देयो (deyo) - should be given; (is to be offered; granted;) ब्राह्मणाय (brāhmaṇāya) - to a Brāhmaṇa; (for a Brāhmaṇa;) गोभ्यो (gobhyo) - to cows; (for cows;) राजभ्य (rājabhya) - to kings; (for kings;) एव (eva) - indeed; (certainly; truly;) च (ca) - and; वृद्धाय (vṛddhāya) - to the old; (for the aged;) भारतप्ताय (bhārataptāya) - to the fatigued by burden; (to the toil-weary;) गर्भिण्यै (garbhiṇyai) - to the pregnant; (for a pregnant woman;) दुर्बलाय (durbalāya) - to the weak; (for the weak;) च (ca) - and;]

(The path should be given to the Brāhmaṇa, to cows, to kings indeed and; to the old, to the burden-weary, to the pregnant, to the weak and.)

The path should be yielded to Brāhmaṇas, cows, kings, the elderly, the weary, pregnant women, and the weak. (13-107-50)

प्रदक्षिणं च कुर्वीत परिज्ञातान्वनस्पतीन्। चतुष्पथान्प्रकुर्वीत सर्वानेव प्रदक्षिणान् ॥१३-१०७-५१॥

pradakṣiṇaṃ ca kurvīta parijñātān vanaspatīn। catuṣpathān prakurvīta sarvān eva pradakṣiṇān ॥13-107-51॥

[प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - circumambulation; च (ca) - and; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do; परिज्ञातान् (parijñātān) - well-known; वनस्पतीन् (vanaspatīn) - trees; चतुष्पथान् (catuṣpathān) - crossroads; प्रकुर्वीत (prakurvīta) - one should perform; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; एव (eva) - certainly; प्रदक्षिणान् (pradakṣiṇān) - circumambulations;]

(Circumambulation and one should do well-known trees; crossroads one should perform all certainly circumambulations.)

One should circumambulate well-known trees, and at crossroads, one should certainly perform circumambulations of all. (13-107-51)

मध्यंदिने निशाकाले मध्यरात्रे च सर्वदा। चतुष्पथान्न सेवेत उभे सन्ध्ये तथैव च ॥१३-१०७-५२॥

madhyandine niśākāle madhyarātre ca sarvadā। catuṣpathānna seveta ubhe sandhye tathaiva ca ॥13-107-52॥

[मध्यंदिने (madhyandine) - at midday; निशाकाले (niśākāle) - at night-time; मध्यरात्रे (madhyarātre) - at midnight; च (ca) - and; सर्वदा (sarvadā) - always; चतुष्पथात् (catuṣpathāt) - from the crossroad; न (na) - not; सेवेत (seveta) - should approach; उभे (ubhe) - both; सन्ध्ये (sandhye) - twilights; तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; च (ca) - and;]

(At midday, at night-time, at midnight, and always, from the crossroad, not should approach; both twilights likewise and.)

One should never approach crossroads at midday, at night, at midnight, at both twilights, nor at any time. (13-107-52)

उपानहौ च वस्त्रं च धृतमन्यैर्न धारयेत्। ब्रह्मचारी च नित्यं स्यात्पादं पादेन नाक्रमेत् ॥१३-१०७-५३॥

upānahau ca vastraṃ ca dhṛtam anyair na dhārayet. brahmacārī ca nityaṃ syāt pādaṃ pādena nākramet ॥13-107-53॥

[उपानहौ (upānahau) - sandals; च (ca) - and; वस्त्रं (vastram) - garment; च (ca) - and; धृतम् (dhṛtam) - worn; अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others; न (na) - not; धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should wear; ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - brahmacārī (student of sacred knowledge); च (ca) - and; नित्यं (nityam) - always; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; पादं (pādam) - foot; पादेन (pādena) - with (his) foot; न (na) - not; आक्रमेत् (ākramet) - should step on;]

(Sandals and garment worn by others, he should not wear. The brahmacārī also always should be; a foot with (his) foot should not step on.)

He should not wear sandals or a garment that have been worn by others; and a brahmacārī should always refrain from stepping with his foot on another's foot. (13-107-53)

अमावास्यां पौर्णमास्यां चतुर्दश्यां च सर्वशः। अष्टम्यां सर्वपक्षाणां ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-५४॥

amāvāsyāṃ paurṇamāsyāṃ caturdaśyāṃ ca sarvaśaḥ। aṣṭamyāṃ sarvapakṣāṇāṃ brahmacārī sadā bhavet॥13-107-54॥

[अमावास्यां (amāvāsyāṃ) - on amāvāsyā (new moon); पौर्णमास्यां (paurṇamāsyāṃ) - on paurṇamāsī (full moon); चतुर्दश्यां (caturdaśyāṃ) - on the fourteenth (lunar day); च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - altogether; everywhere; in every way; अष्टम्यां (aṣṭamyāṃ) - on the eighth (lunar day); सर्वपक्षाणां (sarvapakṣāṇāṃ) - of all lunar fortnights; ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - the celibate; सदा (sadā) - always; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be;]

(On amāvāsyā (new moon), on paurṇamāsī (full moon), on the fourteenth day and altogether; on the eighth day of all lunar fortnights, the celibate should always be.)

A brahmacārī should always observe celibacy on amāvāsyā (new moon), paurṇamāsī (full moon), the fourteenth day, and, in every respect, on the eighth day during all lunar fortnights. (13-107-54)

वृथा मांसं न खादेत पृष्ठमांसं तथैव च। आक्रोशं परिवादं च पैशुन्यं च विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-५५॥

vṛthā mānsaṃ na khādet pṛṣṭhamānsaṃ tathaiva ca. ākrośaṃ parivādaṃ ca paiśunyaṃ ca vivarjayet ॥13-107-55॥

[वृथा (vṛthā) (vṛthā) - in vain; needlessly; मांसं (mānsaṃ) (māṃsaṃ) - meat; न (na) (na) - not; खादेत (khādet) (khādet) - should eat; पृष्ठमांसं (pṛṣṭhamānsaṃ) (pṛṣṭhamāṃsaṃ) - the meat of the back; तथैव (tathaiva) (tathaiva) - likewise; in the same way; च (ca) (ca) - and; आक्रोशं (ākrośaṃ) (ākrośaṃ) - abuse; reviling; परिवादं (parivādaṃ) (parivādaṃ) - slander; censure; च (ca) (ca) - and; पैशुन्यं (paiśunyaṃ) (paiśunyaṃ) - malicious gossip; tale-bearing; च (ca) (ca) - and; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) (vivarjayet) - should avoid;]

(In vain meat not should eat, the meat of the back likewise and; abuse, slander and malicious gossip and should avoid.)

One should not eat meat needlessly, nor the meat of the back; one should likewise avoid abuse, slander, and malicious gossip. (13-107-55)

नारुन्तुदः स्यान्न नृशंसवादी; न हीनतः परमभ्याददीत। ययास्य वाचा पर उद्विजेत; न तां वदेद्रुशतीं पापलोक्याम् ॥१३-१०७-५६॥

nāruntudaḥ syānna nṛśaṃsavādī; na hīnataḥ paramabhyādadīta. yayāsya vācā para udvijeta; na tāṃ vaded ruśatīṃ pāpalokyām ॥13-107-56॥

[नारुन्तुदः (nāruntudaḥ) - not-biting (not causing pain by words); स्यात् (syāt) - should be; न (na) - not; नृशंसवादी (nṛśaṃsavādī) - cruel-speaker; न (na) - not; हीनतः (hīnataḥ) - from those inferior (to oneself); परम् (param) - that which is higher; अभ्याददीत (abhyādadīta) - should take (accept for himself); या (yā) - by which; यस्य (yasya) - his; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; परः (paraḥ) - another; उद्विजेत (udvijeta) - would be distressed; न (na) - not; तां (tāṃ) - that; वदेत् (vadet) - should speak; रुशतीं (ruśatīm) - causing pain (blameworthy); पापलोक्याम् (pāpalokyām) - leading to sinful realms;]

(One should not be biting, nor a cruel speaker; one should not take the best from those who are inferior. The speech by which another would be distressed — one should not utter that, which is blameworthy and leads to sinful realms.)

One should not speak harshly, nor be cruel in speech; one should not take the best from those who are inferior. One should never say anything by which another may be pained — such blameworthy speech leads to sin. (13-107-56)

वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति; यैराहतः शोचति रात्र्यहानि। परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति; तान्पण्डितो नावसृजेत्परेषु ॥१३-१०७-५७॥

vāksāyakā vadanān niṣpatanti; yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni. parasya na amarmasu te patanti; tān paṇḍitaḥ na avasṛjet pareṣu ॥13-107-57॥

[वाक्सायका (vāksāyakāḥ) - words with sharpness; वदनात् (vadanāt) - from the mouth; निष्पतन्ति (niṣpatanti) - come forth; यैः (yair) - by which; आहतः (āhataḥ) - struck; शोचति (śocati) - grieves; रात्र्यहानि (rātryahāni) - days and nights; परस्य (parasya) - of another; न (na) - not; अमर्मसु (amarmasu) - at vital spots; ते (te) - those; पतन्ति (patanti) - fall; तान् (tān) - those; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the wise man; न (na) - not; अवसृजेत् (avasṛjet) - should let loose; परेषु (pareṣu) - at others;]

(Words with sharpness come forth from the mouth; by which, struck, one grieves days and nights. Those do not fall at the vital spots of another; those the wise man should not let loose at others.)

Sharp words come out from the mouth; by these, when someone is struck, they grieve for days and nights. Those words do not strike the vital spots of another; therefore, a wise person should not direct such words at others. (13-107-57)

रोहते सायकैर्विद्धं वनं परशुना हतम्। वाचा दुरुक्तं बीभत्सं न संरोहति वाक्क्षतम् ॥१३-१०७-५८॥

rohate sāyakair viddhaṃ vanaṃ paraśunā hatam। vācā duruktaṃ bībhatsaṃ na saṃrohati vāk-kṣatam॥13-107-58॥

[रोहते (rohate) - heals; regenerates; सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows; विद्धं (viddham) - pierced; वनं (vanaṃ) - forest; परशुना (paraśunā) - with an axe; हतम् (hatam) - cut down; destroyed; वाचा (vācā) - by speech; by words; दुरुक्तं (duruktam) - harshly spoken; abusive; बीभत्सं (bībhatsam) - horrible; repulsive; न (na) - not; संरोहति (saṃrohati) - heals; grows together; वाक्क्षतम् (vāk-kṣatam) - wound caused by words;]

(A forest pierced by arrows, cut down by an axe, heals; but the wound caused by harsh, repulsive speech by words does not heal.)

A forest pierced by arrows or cut down with an axe can heal again, but a wound caused by horrible, harsh speech does not heal. (13-107-58)

हीनाङ्गानतिरिक्ताङ्गान्विद्याहीनान्वयोधिकान्। रूपद्रविणहीनांश्च सत्त्वहीनांश्च नाक्षिपेत् ॥१३-१०७-५९॥

hīnāṅgān-atirikta-aṅgān-vidyā-hīnān-vaya-adhikān। rūpa-draviṇa-hīnān ca sattva-hīnān ca na akṣipet ॥13-107-59॥

[हीनाङ्गान् (hīnāṅgān) - those with deficient limbs; अतिरिक्ताङ्गान् (atirikta-aṅgān) - those with excess limbs; विद्याहीनान् (vidyā-hīnān) - those lacking knowledge; वयोधिकान् (vaya-adhikān) - those advanced in age; रूपद्रविणहीनान् (rūpa-draviṇa-hīnān) - those lacking beauty and wealth; च (ca) - and; सत्त्वहीनान् (sattva-hīnān) - those lacking strength; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; आक्षिपेत् (ākṣipet) - one should reproach;]

(Those with deficient limbs, those with excess limbs, those lacking knowledge, those advanced in age, and those lacking beauty and wealth, and those lacking strength—one should not reproach.)

One should not reproach people who have deficient or excess limbs, who lack knowledge, who are advanced in age, who lack beauty and wealth, or who lack strength. (13-107-59)

नास्तिक्यं वेदनिन्दां च देवतानां च कुत्सनम्। द्वेषस्तम्भाभिमानांश्च तैक्ष्ण्यं च परिवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६०॥

nāstikyaṃ vedanindāṃ ca devatānāṃ ca kutsanam। dveṣastambhābhimānāṃśca taikṣṇyaṃ ca parivarjayet ॥13-107-60॥

[नास्तिक्यम् (nāstikyam) - atheism; वेदनिन्दाम् (vedanindām) - blaming (condemnation) of the Vedas; च (ca) - and; देवतानीयाम् (devatānām) - of the gods; च (ca) - and; कुत्सनम् (kutsanam) - belittling; द्वेष (dveṣa) - hatred; स्तम्भ (stambha) - arrogance; अभिमानांश् (abhimānāṃś) - pride; च (ca) - and; तैक्ष्ण्यम् (taikṣṇyam) - harshness; च (ca) - and; परिवर्जयेत् (parivarjayet) - one should avoid;]

(Atheism, blaming of the Vedas and belittling of the gods, hatred, arrogance, pride and harshness, one should avoid.)

One should avoid atheism, reviling the Vedas, contempt for the gods, hatred, arrogance, pride, and harshness. (13-107-60)

परस्य दण्डं नोद्यच्छेत्क्रोद्धो नैनं निपातयेत्। अन्यत्र पुत्राच्छिष्याद्वा शिक्षार्थं ताडनं स्मृतम् ॥१३-१०७-६१॥

parasya daṇḍaṃ nodyacchetkroddho nainaṃ nipātayet। anyatra putrācchiṣyādvā śikṣārthaṃ tāḍanaṃ smṛtam ॥13-107-61॥

[परस्य (parasya) - of another; दण्डं (daṇḍam) - the staff (rod, stick, punishment); न (na) - not; उद्यच्छेत् (udyaccet) - should raise; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; न (na) - not; एनम् (enam) - him; निपातयेत् (nipātayet) - should strike down; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - except; पुत्रात् (putrāt) - from a son; शिष्यात् (śiṣyāt) - from a disciple; वा (vā) - or; शिक्षार्थम् (śikṣārtham) - for the sake of instruction; ताडनम् (tāḍanam) - beating; स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is prescribed (remembered; upheld);]

(Of another, the staff not should raise, angry not him should strike down. Except from a son or disciple for instruction, beating is prescribed.)

One should not, in anger, raise the staff of punishment against another person or strike him down; except in the case of a son or a disciple, beating is permitted for the sake of instruction. (13-107-61)

न ब्राह्मणान्परिवदेन्नक्षत्राणि न निर्दिशेत्। तिथिं पक्षस्य न ब्रूयात्तथास्यायुर्न रिष्यते ॥१३-१०७-६२॥

na brāhmaṇān parivadet nakṣatrāṇi na nirdiśet । tithiṃ pakṣasya na brūyāt tathāsya āyuḥ na riṣyate ॥13-107-62॥

[न (na) - not; ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brāhmaṇas; परिवदेत् (parivadet) - should speak ill of; नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - constellations; न (na) - not; निर्दिशेत् (nirdiśet) - should indicate; तिथिं (tithiṃ) - lunar day; पक्षस्य (pakṣasya) - of the fortnight; न (na) - not; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should tell; तथा (tathā) - thus; अस्य (asya) - of him; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - perishes;]

(Not Brāhmaṇas should speak ill of, constellations not should indicate, lunar day of the fortnight not should tell; thus, of him life not perishes.)

One should not speak ill of Brāhmaṇas, nor point out constellations, nor tell the lunar day of the fortnight; thus, his life is not shortened. (13-107-62)

कृत्वा मूत्रपुरीषे तु रथ्यामाक्रम्य वा पुनः। पादप्रक्षालनं कुर्यात्स्वाध्याये भोजने तथा ॥१३-१०७-६३॥

kṛtvā mūtrapurīṣe tu rathyāmākramya vā punaḥ। pādaprakṣālanaṃ kuryātsvādhyāye bhojane tathā॥13-107-63॥

[कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; मूत्रपुरीषे (mūtrapurīṣe) - urination or defecation; तु (tu) - but; रथ्याम् (rathyām) - on the street; आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having stepped on; वा (vā) - or; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पादप्रक्षालनं (pādaprakṣālanam) - washing of feet; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; स्वाध्याये (svādhyāye) - for self-study; भोजने (bhojane) - for eating; तथा (tathā) - also;]

(Having done urination or defecation, but having stepped on the street again or, one should do washing of feet for self-study, for eating, also.)

After urinating or defecating, but also after stepping onto the street again, one should wash the feet before self-study and before eating. (13-107-63)

त्रीणि देवाः पवित्राणि ब्राह्मणानामकल्पयन्। अदृष्टमद्भिर्निर्णिक्तं यच्च वाचा प्रशस्यते ॥१३-१०७-६४॥

trīṇi devāḥ pavitrāṇi brāhmaṇānāmakalpayān। adṛṣṭamadbhirnirṇiktaṃ yac ca vācā praśasyate ॥13-107-64॥

[त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three; देवाः (devāḥ) - deities; gods; पवित्राणि (pavitrāṇi) - purifications; pure things; ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - of Brāhmaṇas; अकल्पयन् (akalpayan) - established; created; अदृष्टम् (adṛṣṭam) - unseen; invisible; अद्भिः (adbhih) - with water (ablative plural of ap ‘water’); निर्णिक्तम् (nirṇiktam) - purified; washed; यत् (yat) - which; च (ca) - and; वाचा (vācā) - with speech; by words; प्रशस्यते (praśasyate) - is praised; is lauded;]

(Three gods established purifications of Brāhmaṇas; that which is unseen, purified with water, and which is praised by speech.)

The three gods established for the Brāhmaṇas three purifications: the unseen (internal), that which is purified with water, and that which is praised by speech. (13-107-64)

संयावं कृसरं मांसं शष्कुली पायसं तथा। आत्मार्थं न प्रकर्तव्यं देवार्थं तु प्रकल्पयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६५॥

saṁyāvaṁ kṛsaraṁ māṁsaṁ śaṣkulī pāyasaṁ tathā। ātmārthaṁ na prakartavyaṁ devārthaṁ tu prakalpayet ॥13-107-65॥

[संयावं (saṁyāvaṁ) - coarse flour preparation; कृसरं (kṛsaraṁ) - rice and pulse dish; मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - meat; शष्कुली (śaṣkulī) - fried cake; पायसं (pāyasaṁ) - rice pudding; तथा (tathā) - also; आत्मार्थं (ātmārthaṁ) - for oneself; न (na) - not; प्रकर्तव्यं (prakartavyaṁ) - should be prepared; देवार्थं (devārthaṁ) - for the deity; तु (tu) - but; प्रकल्पयेत् (prakalpayet) - should arrange;]

(Coarse flour preparation, rice and pulse dish, meat, fried cake, rice pudding also for oneself not should be prepared; for the deity but should arrange.)

One should not prepare coarse flour preparation, rice and pulse dish, meat, fried cake, or rice pudding for oneself; rather, one should arrange them for the deity. (13-107-65)

नित्यमग्निं परिचरेद्भिक्षां दद्याच्च नित्यदा। वाग्यतो दन्तकाष्ठं च नित्यमेव समाचरेत् ॥ न चाभ्युदितशायी स्यात्प्रायश्चित्ती तथा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-६६॥

nityam agniṃ paricared bhikṣāṃ dadyāc ca nityadā। vāg-yataḥ danta-kāṣṭhaṃ ca nityam eva samācaret॥ na ca abhyudita-śāyī syāt prāyaścittī tathā bhavet॥13-107-66॥

[नित्यम् (nityam) (nityam) - always; अग्निम् (agniṃ) (agniṃ) - the fire; परिचरेत् (paricaret) (paricaret) - should serve; भिक्षाम् (bhikṣām) (bhikṣām) - alms; दद्यात् (dadyāt) (dadyāt) - should give; च (ca) (ca) - and; नित्यदा (nityadā) (nityadā) - daily; वाग्यतः (vāg-yataḥ) (vāg-yataḥ) - restrained in speech; दन्तकाष्ठम् (danta-kāṣṭham) (danta-kāṣṭham) - tooth-stick; च (ca) (ca) - and; नित्यम् (nityam) (nityam) - always; एव (eva) (eva) - indeed; समाचरेत् (samācaret) (samācaret) - should perform; न (na) (na) - not; च (ca) (ca) - and; अभ्युदितशायी (abhyudita-śāyī) (abhyudita-śāyī) - one who lies down after sunrise; स्यात् (syāt) (syāt) - should be; प्रायश्चित्ती (prāyaścittī) (prāyaścittī) - requiring expiation; तथा (tathā) (tathā) - likewise; भवेत् (bhavet) (bhavet) - should become;]

(Always the fire should serve; alms should give and daily; restrained in speech, tooth-stick and always indeed should perform. Not and one who lies down after sunrise should be; requiring expiation likewise should become (13-107-66))

One should always maintain the sacred fire, give alms daily, and, being restrained in speech, always use a tooth-stick; one should never lie down after sunrise—for such a person would become one requiring expiation. (13-107-66)

मातापितरमुत्थाय पूर्वमेवाभिवादयेत्। आचार्यमथ वाप्येनं तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-६७॥

mātāpitaram utthāya pūrvam eva abhivādayet। ācāryam atha vā api enam tathā āyuḥ vindate mahat ॥13-107-67॥

[मातापितरम् (mātāpitaram) - mother and father; उत्थाय (utthāya) - having risen; पूर्वम् एव (pūrvam eva) - first indeed; अभिवादयेत् (abhivādayet) - one should greet; आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - teacher; अथ (atha) - then; वा अपि (vā api) - or even; एनम् (enam) - him; तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - longevity; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(Mother and father, having risen, first indeed, one should greet. Teacher then or even him, thus, longevity, obtains, great.)

One should first rise and respectfully greet one's mother and father. Then, or even the teacher, by doing so, one attains great longevity. (13-107-67)

वर्जयेद्दन्तकाष्ठानि वर्जनीयानि नित्यशः। भक्षयेच्छास्त्रदृष्टानि पर्वस्वपि च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-६८॥

varjayeddantakāṣṭhāni varjanīyāni nityaśaḥ। bhakṣayecchāstradṛṣṭāni parvasvapi ca varjayet॥13-107-68॥

[वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; दन्तकाष्ठानि (dantakāṣṭhāni) - toothsticks; वर्जनीयानि (varjanīyāni) - to be avoided; नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always; भक्षयेत् (bhakṣayet) - should eat; शास्त्रदृष्टानि (śāstradṛṣṭāni) - prescribed by śāstra; पर्वसु (parvasu) - on festival days; अपि (api) - even; च (ca) - and; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid;]

(Should avoid toothsticks to be avoided always. Should eat those prescribed by śāstra. On festival days even, and should avoid.)

One should always avoid toothsticks that are to be avoided; one should use those prescribed by śāstra, and even on festival days, should avoid the prohibited ones. (13-107-68)

उदङ्मुखश्च सततं शौचं कुर्यात्समाहितः। अकृत्वा देवतापूजां नान्यं गच्छेत्कदाचन। अन्यत्र तु गुरुं वृद्धं धार्मिकं वा विचक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-७०॥

udaṅmukhaś ca satataṃ śaucaṃ kuryāt samāhitaḥ। akṛtvā devatāpūjāṃ nānyaṃ gacchet kadācana। anyatra tu guruṃ vṛddhaṃ dhārmikaṃ vā vicakṣaṇam॥13-107-70॥

[उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north; च (ca) - and; सततम् (satatam) - always; शौचम् (śaucam) - purification; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should perform; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - concentrated; अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without performing; देवतापूजाम् (devatāpūjām) - worship of deity; न (na) - not; अन्यम् (anyam) - to another; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - except; तु (tu) - but; गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor; वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - elder; धार्मिकम् (dhārmikam) - righteous; वा (vā) - or; विचक्षणम् (vicakṣaṇam) - wise;]

(Facing north and always, one concentrated should perform purification; without performing worship of the deity, one should never go to another; except but to a preceptor, elder, righteous or wise.)

One should always perform purification facing north, with concentration; without first performing worship of the deity, one should never go to anyone else, except to a preceptor, elder, righteous person or wise man. (13-107-70)

अवलोक्यो न चादर्शो मलिनो बुद्धिमत्तरैः। न चाज्ञातां स्त्रियं गच्छेद्गर्भिणीं वा कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-७१॥

avalokyo na cādarśo malino buddhimattaraiḥ। na cājñātāṃ striyaṃ gacchedgarbhiṇīṃ vā kadācana ॥13-107-71॥

[अवलोक्यः (avalokyaḥ) - to be looked at; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; आदर्शः (ādarśaḥ) - mirror; मलिनः (malinaḥ) - dirty; बुद्धिमत्तरैः (buddhimattaraiḥ) - by the more intelligent; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अज्ञाताम् (ajñātām) - unknown; स्त्रियं (striyam) - woman; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should approach; गर्भिणीम् (garbhiṇīm) - pregnant (woman); वा (vā) - or; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever;]

(The dirty mirror should not be looked at by the more intelligent; nor should one ever approach a woman who is unknown or pregnant.)

A dirty mirror should not be looked at by the wise; nor should one ever approach an unfamiliar or pregnant woman. (13-107-71)

उदक्षिरा न स्वपेत तथा प्रत्यक्षिरा न च। प्राक्षिरास्तु स्वपेद्विद्वानथ वा दक्षिणाशिराः ॥१३-१०७-७२॥

udakṣirā na svapeta tathā pratyakṣirā na ca । prākṣirāstu svapedvidvānatha vā dakṣiṇāśirāḥ ॥13-107-72॥

[उदक्षिरा (udakṣirā) - with the head to the north; न (na) - not; स्वपेत (svapet) - should sleep; तथा (tathā) - thus; प्रत्यक्षिरा (pratyakṣirā) - with the head to the west; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; प्राक्षिराः (prākṣirāḥ) - with the head to the east; तु (tu) - but; स्वपेत् (svapet) - should sleep; विद्वान् (vidvān) - wise; अथ (atha) - or; वा (vā) - or; दक्षिणाशिराः (dakṣiṇāśirāḥ) - with the head to the south;]

(With the head to the north one should not sleep, thus with the head to the west not also; but with the head to the east should sleep, the wise, or with the head to the south.)

One should not sleep with the head towards the north, nor towards the west; but the wise should sleep with the head towards the east or towards the south. (13-107-72)

न भग्ने नावदीर्णे वा शयने प्रस्वपेत च। नान्तर्धाने न संयुक्ते न च तिर्यक्कदाचन ॥१३-१०७-७३॥

na bhagne nāvadīrṇe vā śayane prasvapeta ca। nāntardhāne na saṁyukte na ca tiryakkadācana॥13-107-73॥

[न (na) - not; भग्ने (bhagne) - broken; नावदीर्णे (nāvadīrṇe) - or split apart; वा (vā) - or; शयने (śayane) - on a bed; प्रस्वपेत (prasvapeta) - should sleep; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अन्तर्धाने (antardhāne) - in a hidden (place); न (na) - not; संयुक्ते (saṁyukte) - joined (together); न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तिर्यक्कदाचन (tiryakkadācana) - ever crosswise;]

(Not on a broken or split apart or (such) bed should (one) sleep and not in a hidden (place), nor joined (together), nor ever crosswise.)

One should not sleep on a broken or split bed, nor in a hidden place, nor on a bed that is joined together, nor ever lying crosswise. (13-107-73)

न नग्नः कर्हिचित्स्नायान्न निशायां कदाचन। स्नात्वा च नावमृज्येत गात्राणि सुविचक्षणः ॥१३-१०७-७४॥

na nagnaḥ karhicit snāyān na niśāyāṃ kadācana। snātvā ca na avamṛjyeta gātrāṇi suvicakṣaṇaḥ ॥13-107-74॥

[न (na) - not; नग्नः (nagnaḥ) - naked; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - at any time; स्नायात् (snāyāt) - (he) should bathe; न (na) - not; निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night; कदाचन (kadācana) - ever; at any time; स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अवमृज्येत (avamṛjyeta) - should wipe (the body); गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - limbs; body parts; सुविचक्षणः (suvicakṣaṇaḥ) - the wise (person);]

(Not naked at any time should (one) bathe; not at night ever; having bathed and not should (one) wipe the limbs, the wise (person).)

A wise person should never bathe while naked or at night; and after bathing, he should not wipe his limbs. (13-107-74)

न चानुलिम्पेदस्नात्वा स्नात्वा वासो न निर्धुनेत्। आर्द्र एव तु वासांसि नित्यं सेवेत मानवः ॥ स्रजश्च नावकर्षेत न बहिर्धारयेत च ॥१३-१०७-७५॥

na cānulimped asnātvā snātvā vāso na nirdhunet. ārdra eva tu vāsāṃsi nityaṃ seveta mānavaḥ ॥ srajaś ca nāvakarṣet na bahir dhārayet ca ॥13-107-75॥

[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अनुलिम्पेत् (anulimpet) - should anoint; अस्नात्वा (asnātvā) - without bathing; स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed; वासः (vāsaḥ) - garment; न (na) - not; निर्धुनेत् (nirdhūnet) - should shake out; आर्द्रः (ārdraḥ) - wet; एव (eva) - only; तु (tu) - but; वासांसि (vāsāṃsi) - clothes; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; सेवेत (sevet) - should wear; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a man; स्रजः (srajaḥ) - garlands; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अवकर्षेत् (avakarṣet) - should drag (down); न (na) - not; बहि: (bahir) - outside; धारयेत् (dhārayet) - should wear; च (ca) - and;]

(And not should he anoint without bathing; having bathed, garment not should shake out. Wet only but clothes always should wear a man. Garlands also not should drag, not outside should wear and. (13-107-75))

One should not anoint oneself without bathing; and after bathing, one should not shake out the garment. A man should always wear clothes only when they are damp. He should not drag down garlands, nor should he wear them outside. (13-107-75)

रक्तमाल्यं न धार्यं स्याच्छुक्लं धार्यं तु पण्डितैः। वर्जयित्वा तु कमलं तथा कुवलयं विभो ॥१३-१०७-७६॥

raktamālyaṁ na dhāryaṁ syācchuklaṁ dhāryaṁ tu paṇḍitaiḥ। varjayitvā tu kamalaṁ tathā kuvalayaṁ vibho ॥13-107-76॥

[रक्तमाल्यं (raktamālyam) - red garland; न (na) - not; धार्यं (dhāryam) - should be worn; स्यात् (syāt) - should be; शुक्लं (śuklam) - white; धार्यं (dhāryam) - should be worn; तु (tu) - but; पण्डितैः (paṇḍitaiḥ) - by the learned; वर्जयित्वा (varjayitvā) - excluding; तु (tu) - but; कमलं (kamalam) - lotus; तथा (tathā) - as well; कुवलयं (kuvalayam) - blue water-lily; विभो (vibho) - O eminent one;]

(Red garland not should be worn, white (garland) should be worn but by the learned; excluding but lotus as well blue water-lily, O eminent one.)

A red garland should not be worn; only a white garland should be worn by the learned, except for the lotus and the blue water-lily, O eminent one. (13-107-76)

रक्तं शिरसि धार्यं तु तथा वानेयमित्यपि। काञ्चनी चैव या माला न सा दुष्यति कर्हिचित् ॥ स्नातस्य वर्णकं नित्यमार्द्रं दद्याद्विशां पते ॥१३-१०७-७७॥

raktaṃ śirasi dhāryaṃ tu tathā vāneyamityapi| kāñcanī caiva yā mālā na sā duṣyati karhicit || snātasya varṇakaṃ nityamārdraṃ dadyādviśāṃ pate ||13-107-77||

[रक्तं (raktaṃ) - red substance; (such as red pigment); शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head; धार्यं (dhāryaṃ) - to be worn; तु (tu) - but; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; वानेयम् (vāneyam) - cloth of silk; इति (iti) - thus; अपि (api) - also; काञ्चनी (kāñcanī) - of gold; golden; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; just; या (yā) - which; माला (mālā) - garland; necklace; न (na) - not; सा (sā) - that; दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes spoiled; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - at any time; स्नातस्य (snātasya) - of one who is bathed; वर्णकं (varṇakaṃ) - coloring; pigment; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; आर्द्रं (ārdraṃ) - moist; wet; दद्यāt् (dadyāt) - should give; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O Lord;]

(Red substance is to be worn on the head, but in the same way silk cloth, thus also; the golden garland indeed, which, that does not become spoiled at any time. Of one who is bathed, coloring always moist should give, O Lord of the people. (13-107-77))

A red substance is to be worn on the head, as well as silk (cloth), thus also; and likewise, a golden garland—such a one never becomes spoiled. The color for the one who has bathed should always be freshly moist, O Lord of the people. (13-107-77)

विपर्ययं न कुर्वीत वाससो बुद्धिमान्नरः। तथा नान्यधृतं धार्यं न चापदशमेव च ॥१३-१०७-७८॥

viparyayaṃ na kurvīta vāsaso buddhimān naraḥ। tathā na anya-dhṛtaṃ dhāryaṃ na ca āpadaśam eva ca ॥13-107-78॥

[विपर्ययम् (viparyayam) - interchanging; (reverse usage); न (na) - not; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should do; वाससः (vāsasaḥ) - of clothes; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent; नरः (naraḥ) - man; (person); तथा (tathā) - likewise; न (na) - not; अन्यधृतम् (anya-dhṛtam) - worn by another; धार्यम् (dhāryam) - should be worn; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; आपदशम् (āpadaśam) - used in misfortune; एव (eva) - only; च (ca) - and;]

(The intelligent man should not do interchanging of clothes; likewise, clothes worn by another should not be worn and those used only in misfortune also not (to be worn).)

An intelligent person should not exchange clothes; likewise, he should not wear garments worn by others, nor garments used only in distress. (13-107-78)

अन्यदेव भवेद्वासः शयनीये नरोत्तम। अन्यद्रथ्यासु देवानामर्चायामन्यदेव हि ॥१३-१०७-७९॥

anyadeva bhaved vāsaḥ śayanīye narottama। anyad rathyāsu devānām arcāyām anyadeva hi ॥13-107-79॥

[अन्यदेव (anyadeva) - different indeed; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; वासः (vāsaḥ) - clothing; शयनीये (śayanīye) - for sleeping (place); नरोत्तम (narottama) - O best of men; अन्यत् (anyat) - different; रथ्यासु (rathyāsu) - in the streets; देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods; अर्चायाम् (arcāyām) - in worship; अन्यदेव (anyadeva) - different indeed; हि (hi) - indeed;]

(Different indeed should be clothing for sleeping, O best of men. Different (clothing) in the streets, for the worship of the gods, indeed, different indeed.)

O best of men, one should use different clothing for sleeping, other clothing in the streets, and yet different clothing while worshipping the gods. (13-107-79)

प्रियङ्गुचन्दनाभ्यां च बिल्वेन तगरेण च। पृथगेवानुलिम्पेत केसरेण च बुद्धिमान् ॥१३-१०७-८०॥

priyaṅgucandanābhyāṁ ca bilvena tagareṇa ca. pṛthagevānulimpeta kesareṇa ca buddhimān ॥13-107-80॥

[प्रियङ्गुचन्दनाभ्यां (priyaṅgucandanābhyām) - with priyaṅgu and sandalwood; च (ca) - and; बिल्वेन (bilvena) - with bilva; तगरेण (tagareṇa) - with tagara; च (ca) - and; पृथक्-एव (pṛthak-eva) - separately indeed; अनुलिम्पेत (anulimpeta) - should anoint; केसरेण (kesareṇa) - with kesara (saffron); च (ca) - and; बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - the wise one;]

(With priyaṅgu and sandalwood and with bilva and with tagara, separately indeed, should anoint with kesara and the wise one.)

A wise person should separately anoint (the body) with priyaṅgu and sandalwood, with bilva, with tagara, and with kesara (saffron). (13-107-80)

उपवासं च कुर्वीत स्नातः शुचिरलङ्कृतः। पर्वकालेषु सर्वेषु ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-८१॥

upavāsaṃ ca kurvīta snātaḥ śuciralaṅkṛtaḥ। parvakāleṣu sarveṣu brahmacārī sadā bhavet ॥13-107-81॥

[उपवासं (upavāsaṃ) - fast; (abstaining from food); च (ca) - and; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform; स्नातः (snātaḥ) - having bathed; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; अलङ्कृतः (alaṅkṛtaḥ) - decorated; पर्वकालेषु (parvakāleṣu) - at festival times; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all; ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - the celibate student; सदा (sadā) - always; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be;]

(Fast and should perform, having bathed, pure, decorated; at all festival times, the celibate student always should be.)

The celibate student should always observe fasting, after bathing, maintaining purity and proper attire, on all festival occasions. (13-107-81)

नालीढया परिहतं भक्षयीत कदाचन। तथा नोद्धृतसाराणि प्रेक्षतां नाप्रदाय च ॥१३-१०७-८२॥

nālīḍhayā parihataṃ bhakṣayīta kadācana। tathā noddhṛtasārāṇi prekṣatāṃ nāpradāya ca ॥13-107-82॥

[नालीढया (nālīḍhayā) - by (what is) licked by a tube; परिहतम् (parihataṃ) - what is left over; भक्षयीत (bhakṣayīta) - one should eat; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; तथा (tathā) - similarly; न (na) - not; उद्धृतसाराणि (uddhṛtasārāṇi) - food whose essence has been removed; प्रेक्षताम् (prekṣatām) - in the presence of those watching; न (na) - not; अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving; च (ca) - and;]

(One should not eat at any time food left over from what has been licked by a tube; similarly, one should not eat food whose essence has been removed without giving it to those watching;)

One should never eat food that has been left after being licked by a tube. Likewise, one should not eat food whose essence has been taken out without offering it to those who are present and observing. (13-107-82)

न संनिकृष्टो मेधावी नाशुचिर्न च सत्सु च। प्रतिषिद्धान्न धर्मेषु भक्षान्भुञ्जीत पृष्ठतः ॥१३-१०७-८३॥

na saṁnikṛṣṭo medhāvī nāśucirna ca satsu ca। pratiṣiddhānna dharmeṣu bhakṣānbhuñjīta pṛṣṭhataḥ॥13-107-83॥

[न (na) - not; संनिकृष्टः (saṁnikṛṣṭaḥ) - closely associated; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise person; नाशुचिः (nāśuciḥ) - one not pure; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; सत्सु (satsu) - in the virtuous; च (ca) - and; प्रतिषिद्धान्न (pratiṣiddha-anna) - forbidden food; धर्मेषु (dharmeṣu) - in duties; भक्षान् (bhakṣān) - foods; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - secretly (from behind);]

(Not closely associated, the wise person; not impure, nor among the virtuous; forbidden food among duties, foods should eat secretly.)

A wise person, who is not closely associated, impure, nor among the virtuous, should not secretly eat forbidden foods related to duties. (13-107-83)

पिप्पलं च वटं चैव शणशाकं तथैव च। उदुम्बरं न खादेच्च भवार्थी पुरुषोत्तमः ॥१३-१०७-८४॥

pippalaṃ ca vaṭaṃ caiva śaṇaśākaṃ tathaiva ca। udumbaraṃ na khādecca bhavārthī puruṣottamaḥ॥13-107-84॥

[पिप्पलं (pippalaṃ) - sacred fig (Ficus religiosa); च (ca) - and; वटं (vaṭaṃ) - banyan tree; चैव (caiva) - and also; शणशाकं (śaṇaśākaṃ) - hemp leaf; तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; च (ca) - and; उदुम्बरं (udumbaraṃ) - cluster fig (Ficus racemosa); न (na) - not; खादेत्त् (khādet) - should eat; च (ca) - and; भवार्थी (bhavārthī) - desiring worldly results; पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - best of men;]

(Sacred fig and banyan and also hemp leaf likewise and cluster fig not should eat and one desiring worldly results best of men.)

One desiring worldly results, O best of men, should not eat the sacred fig, banyan, hemp leaf, likewise the cluster fig. (13-107-84)

आजं गव्यं च यन्मांसं मायूरं चैव वर्जयेत्। वर्जयेच्छुष्कमांसं च तथा पर्युषितं च यत् ॥१३-१०७-८५॥

ājaṃ gavyaṃ ca yan māṃsaṃ māyūraṃ caiva varjayet। varjayec chuṣkamāṃsaṃ ca tathā paryuṣitaṃ ca yat ॥13-107-85॥

[आजं (ājaṃ) - goat flesh; गव्यं (gavyaṃ) - cow-related (product); च (ca) - and; यन्मांसं (yan māṃsaṃ) - which flesh; मायूरं (māyūraṃ) - peacock (meat); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid; शुष्कमांसं (śuṣkamāṃsaṃ) - dried flesh; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - likewise; पर्युषितं (paryuṣitaṃ) - stale; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - which;]

(Goat flesh, cow product and which flesh, peacock (meat) and indeed one should avoid; one should also avoid dried flesh and likewise stale (flesh) and which.)

One should avoid goat flesh, cow products, whatever flesh (is referred), peacock meat, as well as dried meat and likewise any stale meat. (13-107-85)

न पाणौ लवणं विद्वान्प्राश्नीयान्न च रात्रिषु। दधिसक्तून्न भुञ्जीत वृथामांसं च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-८६॥

na pāṇau lavaṇaṃ vidvān prāśnīyān na ca rātriṣu. dadhisaktūn na bhuñjīta vṛthā māṃsaṃ ca varjayet 13-107-86

[न (na) - not; पाणौ (pāṇau) - in (his) hand; लवणं (lavaṇam) - salt; विद्वान् (vidvān) - the learned one; प्राश्नीयात् (prāśnīyāt) - should eat; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; रात्रिषु (rātriṣu) - at night(s); दधिसक्तून् (dadhisaktūn) - curds and parched barley meal; न (na) - not; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; वृथामांसं (vṛthā māṃsam) - unnecessarily (or in vain) meat; च (ca) - and; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid;]

(Not in the hand salt the learned one should eat, nor at nights; curds and roasted barley meal not should eat; in vain meat and should avoid.)

A learned person should not eat salt from the hand, nor eat (salt) at night; he should not eat curds and roasted barley meal, and he should avoid unnecessary consumption of meat. (13-107-86)

वालेन तु न भुञ्जीत परश्राद्धं तथैव च। सायं प्रातश्च भुञ्जीत नान्तराले समाहितः ॥१३-१०७-८७॥

vālena tu na bhuñjīta paraśrāddhaṃ tathaiva ca। sāyaṃ prātaśca bhuñjīta nāntarāle samāhitaḥ ॥13-107-87॥

[वालेन (vālena) - by one with hair (on the body); तु (tu) - but; न (na) - not; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; परश्राद्धं (paraśrāddham) - another's śrāddha (funereal food); तथैव (tathaiva) - likewise; च (ca) - and; सायं (sāyaṃ) - in the evening; प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning; च (ca) - and; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; न (na) - not; अन्तराले (antarāle) - between (the two times); समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - one who is collected (self-controlled);]

(By one with hair but not should eat another's śrāddha likewise and; in the evening and in the morning should eat; not between (the two times) one who is collected.)

But one with body hair should not eat another's śrāddha food, likewise; a self-controlled person should eat in the evening and in the morning, not in between. (13-107-87)

वाग्यतो नैकवस्त्रश्च नासंविष्टः कदाचन। भूमौ सदैव नाश्नीयान्नानासीनो न शब्दवत् ॥१३-१०७-८८॥

vāgyato naika-vastraś ca nāsaṁviṣṭaḥ kadācana। bhūmau sadaiva nāśnīyān nānāsīno na śabdavat॥13-107-88॥

[वाग्यतः (vāgyataḥ) - from one who has controlled speech; न (na) - not; एकवस्त्रः (eka-vastraḥ) - (wearing) a single garment; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; असंविष्टः (asaṁviṣṭaḥ) - not lying down; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth; सदैव (sadaiva) - always; न (na) - not; अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat; न (na) - not; आसीनः (āsīnaḥ) - (being) seated; न (na) - not; शब्दवत् (śabdavat) - with (making) sound;]

(From one who has controlled speech, not (should be) with only one garment and not lying down at any time. On the earth always not should eat, not being seated, not with sound.)

One who has restrained speech should never wear only a single garment, nor ever lie down at any time. He should never eat while on the ground, nor while seated, nor while making sound. (13-107-88)

तोयपूर्वं प्रदायान्नमतिथिभ्यो विशां पते। पश्चाद्भुञ्जीत मेधावी न चाप्यन्यमना नरः ॥१३-१०७-८९॥

toya-pūrvaṃ pradāyānnam-atithibhyo viśāṃ pate. paścād bhuñjīta medhāvī na cāpy-anyamanā naraḥ ॥13-107-89॥

[तोयपूर्वं (toya-pūrvaṃ) - with water first; प्रदाय (pradāya) - having given; अन्नम् (annam) - food; अतिथिभ्यः (atithibhyaḥ) - to guests; विशां (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; मेधावी (medhāvī) - the wise; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अन्यमनाः (anyamanāḥ) - with mind elsewhere; नरः (naraḥ) - man;]

(With water first, having given food to guests, O lord of people, afterwards should eat the wise man, and not also with mind elsewhere the man.)

O lord of people, first offering water and food to the guests, only afterwards should a wise man eat, and never with his mind elsewhere.

समानमेकपङ्क्त्यां तु भोज्यमन्नं नरेश्वर। विषं हालाहलं भुङ्क्ते योऽप्रदाय सुहृज्जने ॥१३-१०७-९०॥

samānamekapaṅktyāṁ tu bhojyamannaṁ nareśvara। viṣaṁ hālāhalaṁ bhuṅkte yo'pradāya suhṛj-jane ॥13-107-90॥

[समानम् (samānam) - the same; equal; एकपङ्क्त्यां (ekapaṅktyām) - in the same row; dining group; तु (tu) - but; indeed; भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - to be eaten; edible; अन्नम् (annam) - food; नरेश्वर (nareśvara) - O king; lord of men; विषं (viṣam) - poison; हालाहलम् (hālāhalam) - halahala; deadly poison; भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - he eats; he partakes; यः (yaḥ) - who; अप्रदाय (apradāya) - without giving; failing to distribute; सुहृज्जने (suhṛj-jane) - to friends; to friendly people;]

(The same food to be eaten, in the same row, but, O king, he eats halahala poison who, without giving to friends, partakes.)

O king, one who, sitting in the same row, eats food without sharing it with friends, partakes of deadly halahala poison. (13-107-90)

पानीयं पायसं सर्पिर्दधिसक्तुमधून्यपि। निरस्य शेषमेतेषां न प्रदेयं तु कस्यचित् ॥१३-१०७-९१॥

pānīyaṃ pāyasaṃ sarpir-dadhi-saktu-madhūny api। nirasya śeṣam eteṣāṃ na pradeyaṃ tu kasyacit॥13-107-91॥

[पानीयं (pānīyaṃ) - water; पायसं (pāyasaṃ) - milk-rice; सर्पि (sarpi) - ghee; दधि (dadhi) - curd; सक्तु (saktu) - roasted barley meal; मधूनि (madhūni) - honeys; अपि (api) - even; निरस्य (nirasya) - having rejected; शेषम् (śeṣam) - remains; एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these; न (na) - not; प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given; तु (tu) - indeed; कस्यचित् (kasyacit) - to anyone;]

(Water, milk-rice, ghee, curd, roasted barley meal, honeys even, having rejected, the remains of these, not to be given indeed to anyone.)

The remains of water, milk-rice, ghee, curd, roasted barley meal, or honey—having set them aside—should certainly not be given to anyone. (13-107-91)

भुञ्जानो मनुजव्याघ्र नैव शङ्कां समाचरेत्। दधि चाप्यनुपानं वै न कर्तव्यं भवार्थिना ॥१३-१०७-९२॥

bhuñjāno manujavyāghra naiva śaṅkāṁ samācaret । dadhi cāpyanupānaṁ vai na kartavyaṁ bhavārthinā ॥13-107-92॥

[भुञ्जानः (bhuñjānaḥ) - eating; (one who is) partaking; consuming; मनुजव्याघ्र (manujavyāghra) - tiger among men; distinguished man; न एव (na eva) - not at all; never; शङ्काम् (śaṅkām) - doubt; suspicion; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should conduct; should indulge; दधि (dadhi) - curds; yogurt; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; even; अनुपानम् (anupānam) - drink taken after (food); वै (vai) - indeed; truly; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should be done; ought to be done; भव-अर्थिना (bhava-arthinā) - by one seeking well-being; by one desiring prosperity;]

(Eating, O tiger among men, not at all doubt should be indulged in. Curd and also subsequent drinking, indeed, not should be done by one seeking well-being. (13-107-92))

O tiger among men, while eating, one should never entertain any doubt. Indeed, curd and also drinking after (food) should not be done by one who desires well-being. (13-107-92)

आचम्य चैव हस्तेन परिस्राव्य तथोदकम्। अङ्गुष्ठं चरणस्याथ दक्षिणस्यावसेचयेत् ॥१३-१०७-९३॥

ācamya caiva hastena parisrāvya tathodakam। aṅguṣṭhaṃ caraṇasyātha dakṣiṇasyāvasecayet॥13-107-93॥

[आचम्य (ācamya) - having sipped (water); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; हस्तेन (hastena) - with the hand; परिस्राव्य (parisrāvya) - having poured out; तथा (tathā) - thus; उदकम् (udakam) - water; अङ्गुष्ठं (aṅguṣṭham) - the big toe; चरणस्य (caraṇasya) - of the foot; अथ (atha) - then; दक्षिणस्य (dakṣiṇasya) - of the right; अवसेचयेत् (avasecayet) - should cause to flow down;]

(Having sipped and indeed with the hand having poured out thus water, the big toe of the foot then of the right should be made to flow over.)

After sipping water and with the hand having poured out water in this way, one should cause it to flow over the big toe of the right foot. (13-107-93)

पाणिं मूर्ध्नि समाधाय स्पृष्ट्वा चाग्निं समाहितः। ज्ञातिश्रैष्ठ्यमवाप्नोति प्रयोगकुशलो नरः ॥१३-१०७-९४॥

pāṇiṃ mūrdhni samādhāya spṛṣṭvā cāgniṃ samāhitaḥ। jñātiśraiṣṭhyam avāpnoti prayogakuśalo naraḥ ॥13-107-94॥

[पाणिं (pāṇim) - hand; (accusative singular); मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head; (locative singular); समाधाय (samādhāya) - having placed; (absolutive of samādhā); स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched; (absolutive of spṛś); च (ca) - and; अग्निं (agniṃ) - fire; (accusative singular); समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - one who is intent; concentrated; (nominative singular masculine); ज्ञातिश्रैष्ठ्यम् (jñātiśraiṣṭhyam) - superiority among kinsmen; अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains; (3rd singular present indicative of ava + āp); प्रयोगकुशलः (prayogakuśalaḥ) - skilled in performance; (nominative singular masculine); नरः (naraḥ) - man; (nominative singular masculine);]

(Having placed the hand on the head, having touched fire, and being concentrated, the man skilled in performance obtains superiority among kinsmen.)

A man skilled in performance who, having placed his hand on his head, touches fire with concentration, attains superiority among his relatives. (13-107-94)

अद्भिः प्राणान्समालभ्य नाभिं पाणितलेन च। स्पृशंश्चैव प्रतिष्ठेत न चाप्यार्द्रेण पाणिना ॥१३-१०७-९५॥

ad-bhiḥ prāṇān samālabhya nābhiṃ pāṇi-talena ca | spṛśan caiva pratiṣṭheta na ca āpi ārdreṇa pāṇinā ॥13-107-95॥

[अद्भिः (ad-bhiḥ) - with water; प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life-breaths; समालभ्य (sam-ālabhya) - after thoroughly touching; नाभिम् (nābhim) - navel; पाणितलेन (pāṇi-talena) - with the palm; च (ca) - and; स्पृशन् (spṛśan) - touching; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रतिष्ठेत् (pratiṣṭheta) - he should stand; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - even; आर्द्रेण (ārdreṇa) - with wet; पाणिना (pāṇinā) - hand;]

(With water, after thoroughly touching the life-breaths and the navel with the palm and touching, indeed, he should stand, and he should not (do so) even with a wet hand.)

Having touched the vital airs and the navel with water and the palm of the hand, one should stand (thus) touching; and one should not do this even with a wet hand. (13-107-95)

अङ्गुष्ठस्यान्तराले च ब्राह्मं तीर्थमुदाहृतम्। कनिष्ठिकायाः पश्चात्तु देवतीर्थमिहोच्यते ॥१३-१०७-९६॥

aṅguṣṭhasyāntarāle ca brāhmaṃ tīrtham udāhṛtam। kaniṣṭhikāyāḥ paścāttu devatīrtham ihocyate ॥13-107-96॥

[अङ्गुष्ठस्यान्तराले (aṅguṣṭhasyāntarāle) - in the space (antarāla) of the thumb (aṅguṣṭha); च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मं (brāhmaṃ) - belonging to Brahman; तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - holy place; उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - is declared; कनिष्ठिकायाः (kaniṣṭhikāyāḥ) - of the little finger; पश्चात् (paścāt) - after; तु (tu) - but; देवतीर्थम् (devatīrtham) - deva-tīrtha; holy place of the gods; इह (iha) - here; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]

(In the space of the thumb, and, the Brahman holy place is declared; of the little finger, after, but, the deva-holy place here is said.)

The Brahman holy place is said to be in the space of the thumb; but after the little finger, the place of the gods is mentioned here. (13-107-96)

अङ्गुष्ठस्य च यन्मध्यं प्रदेशिन्याश्च भारत। तेन पित्र्याणि कुर्वीत स्पृष्ट्वापो न्यायतस्तथा ॥१३-१०७-९७॥

aṅguṣṭhasya ca yan madhyaṃ pradeśinyāś ca bhārata. tena pitryāṇi kurvīta spṛṣṭvā apo nyāyataḥ tathā ॥13-107-97॥

[अङ्गुष्ठस्य (aṅguṣṭhasya) - of the thumb; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - which; मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle; प्रदेशिन्याः (pradeśinyāḥ) - of the index finger; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; तेन (tena) - with that; पित्र्याणि (pitryāṇi) - ancestral rites; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform; स्पृष्ट्वा (spṛṣṭvā) - having touched; अपः (apaḥ) - waters; न्यायतः (nyāyataḥ) - in the proper manner; तथा (tathā) - in that way;]

(And, O Bhārata, the middle part between the thumb and the index finger, with that, having touched water in the proper manner, one should perform ancestral rites likewise.)

O Bhārata, one should thus perform ancestral rites using the middle part between the thumb and index finger, having properly touched water in that way. (13-107-97)

परापवादं न ब्रूयान्नाप्रियं च कदाचन। न मन्युः कश्चिदुत्पाद्यः पुरुषेण भवार्थिना ॥१३-१०७-९८॥

parāpavādaṃ na brūyān nāpriyaṃ ca kadācana. na manyuḥ kaścid utpādyaḥ puruṣeṇa bhavārthinā ॥13-107-98॥

[परापवादम् (parāpavādam) - slander of others; न (na) - not; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak; न (na) - not; अप्रियं (apriyam) - unpleasant thing; च (ca) - and; कदाचन (kadācana) - at any time; न (na) - not; मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; उत्पाद्यः (utpādyaḥ) - should be aroused; पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person; भवार्थिना (bhavārthinā) - by one desiring prosperity;]

(One should not speak slander of others, nor anything unpleasant at any time. Anger should not be aroused at anyone by a person desiring prosperity.)

A person seeking prosperity should never speak slander of others nor utter unpleasant words at any time, and should not allow anger to arise towards anyone. (13-107-98)

पतितैस्तु कथां नेच्छेद्दर्शनं चापि वर्जयेत्। संसर्गं च न गच्छेत तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-९९॥

patitaistu kathāṃ necchetdarśanaṃ cāpi varjayet। saṃsargaṃ ca na gacchet tathāyurvindate mahat॥13-107-99॥

[पतितैः (patitaiḥ) - with the fallen ones; तु (tu) - however; कथां (kathām) - conversation; न (na) - not; इच्छेत् (icchet) - should desire; दर्शनं (darśanam) - meeting; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; संसर्गं (saṃsargam) - association; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go (for or towards); तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(However, with the fallen ones, one should not desire conversation, and should also avoid meeting; and one should not go (for) association; thus, one obtains great lifespan.)

However, one should neither seek conversation nor associate nor even meet with the fallen; by doing so, one attains great longevity. (13-107-99)

न दिवा मैथुनं गच्छेन्न कन्यां न च बन्धकीम्। न चास्नातां स्त्रियं गच्छेत्तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१००॥

na divā maithunaṃ gacchen na kanyāṃ na ca bandhakīm। na cāsnātāṃ striyaṃ gacchet tathāyur vindate mahat॥13-107-100॥

[न (na) - not; दिवा (divā) - by day; मैथुनं (maithunaṃ) - sexual union; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go (to); न (na) - not; कन्यां (kanyāṃ) - maiden; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; बन्धकीम् (bandhakīm) - prostitute; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अस्नातां (asnātāṃ) - unbathed; स्त्रियम् (striyam) - woman; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go (to); तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(Not by day to sexual union should one go, not to a maiden, not also to a prostitute; not also to an unbathed woman should one go; thus life obtains greatness.)

One should not approach sexual intercourse during the day, nor with a maiden, nor with a prostitute; nor should one go to a woman who has not bathed; thus one attains great longevity. (13-107-100)

स्वे स्वे तीर्थे समाचम्य कार्ये समुपकल्पिते। त्रिः पीत्वापो द्विः प्रमृज्य कृतशौचो भवेन्नरः ॥१३-१०७-१०१॥

sve sve tīrthe samācamya kārye samupakalpite. triḥ pītvā apo dviḥ pramṛjya kṛtaśauco bhaven naraḥ ॥13-107-101॥

[स्वे स्वे (sve sve) - in each's own; in their respective; तीर्थे (tīrthe) - at the sacred place (of water); समाचम्य (samācamya) - having performed ācamana (ritual sipping of water); कार्ये (kārye) - in the prescribed (act); required; समुपकल्पिते (samupakalpite) - being arranged; prepared; त्रिः (triḥ) - three times; पीत्वा (pītvā) - having drunk (sipped); अपः (apo) - waters; द्विः (dviḥ) - twice; प्रमृज्य (pramṛjya) - having wiped; कृतशौचः (kṛtaśaucaḥ) - having performed purification; becoming purified; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; should be; नरः (naraḥ) - the man;]

(In their respective sacred water places, having performed ācamana in the prescribed rite, having sipped water three times, having wiped (the mouth) twice, the man becomes purified.)

Having performed ācamana at his own respective sacred water, for the prescribed rite, when the man has sipped the water three times and wiped (his mouth) twice, he becomes purified. (13-107-101)

इन्द्रियाणि सकृत्स्पृश्य त्रिरभ्युक्ष्य च मानवः। कुर्वीत पित्र्यं दैवं च वेददृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥१३-१०७-१०२॥

indriyāṇi sakṛt-spr̥śya trir-abhyukṣya ca mānavaḥ। kurvīta pitryaṃ daivaṃ ca veda-dr̥ṣṭena karmaṇā ॥13-107-102॥

[इन्द्रियाणि (indriyāṇi) - the senses; सकृत् (sakṛt) - once; स्पृश्य (spr̥śya) - having touched; त्रिः (triḥ) - three times; अभ्युक्ष्य (abhy-ukṣya) - having sprinkled (with water); च (ca) - and; मानवः (mānavaḥ) - a human; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should perform; पित्र्यम् (pitryam) - rites related to ancestors; दैवम् (daivam) - rites for deities; च (ca) - and; वेददृष्टेन (veda-dr̥ṣṭena) - as seen in the Veda; कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by the act;]

(Having touched the senses once and having sprinkled (with water) three times, and a human should perform both ancestral and divine rites by the act as seen in the Veda.)

After touching the senses once and sprinkling water three times, a human should perform both ancestor and deity rites in the manner prescribed by the Veda. (13-107-102)

ब्राह्मणार्थे च यच्छौचं तच्च मे शृणु कौरव। प्रवृत्तं च हितं चोक्त्वा भोजनाद्यन्तयोस्तथा ॥१३-१०७-१०३॥

brāhmaṇārthe ca yat śaucaṃ tac ca me śṛṇu kaurava। pravṛttaṃ ca hitaṃ coktvā bhojanādyantayos tathā ॥13-107-103॥

[ब्राह्मणार्थे (brāhmaṇārthe) - for the sake of a brāhmaṇa; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - which; शौचं (śaucaṃ) - purity; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - to me; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; कौरव (kaurava) - Kaurava; प्रवृत्तं (pravṛttam) - what is begun; च (ca) - and; हितं (hitaṃ) - beneficial; च (ca) - and; उक्त्वा (uaktvā) - having declared; भोजन (bhojana) - eating; आदि (ādi) - beginning; अन्तयोः (antayoḥ) - of the two ends; तथा (tathā) - likewise;]

(For the sake of a brāhmaṇa and which purity, that and to me hear, O Kaurava. What is begun and beneficial and having declared, at the beginning and end of eating, likewise.)

O Kaurava, hear from me the purity which is for the sake of a brāhmaṇa. Having described what is initiated and beneficial at both the commencement and conclusion of eating, likewise. (13-107-103)

सर्वशौचेषु ब्राह्मेण तीर्थेन समुपस्पृशेत्। निष्ठीव्य तु तथा क्षुत्वा स्पृश्यापो हि शुचिर्भवेत् ॥१३-१०७-१०४॥

sarvaśauceṣu brāhmeṇa tīrthena samupaspṛśet। niṣṭhīvyā tu tathā kṣutvā spṛśyāpo hi śucirbhavet॥13-107-104॥

[सर्वशौचेषु (sarvaśauceṣu) - in all purifications; ब्राह्मेण (brāhmeṇa) - with the Brāhma (pure, prescribed); तीर्थेन (tīrthena) - with water touching (the hand/part used as per rule); समुपस्पृशेत् (samupaspṛśet) - should touch (the water, for purification); निष्ठीव्य (niṣṭhīvyā) - having spat; तु (tu) - but; तथा (tathā) - so; thus; क्षुत्वा (kṣutvā) - having sneezed; स्पृश्य (spṛśya) - having touched (water); आपः (āpaḥ) - waters; water; हि (hi) - indeed; शुचिः (śuciḥ) - pure; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes;]

(In all purifications, with the Brāhma (prescribed) water one should touch (for purification). Having spat, but so also having sneezed, having touched water indeed one becomes pure. (13-107-104))

In all acts of purification, one should use Brāhma (prescribed) water for touching. After spitting or sneezing, when one touches water, one becomes pure. (13-107-104)

वृद्धो ज्ञातिस्तथा मित्रं दरिद्रो यो भवेदपि। गृहे वासयितव्यास्ते धन्यमायुष्यमेव च ॥१३-१०७-१०५॥

vṛddho jñātis tathā mitraṃ daridro yo bhaved api। gṛhe vāsayitavyās te dhanyam āyuṣyam eva ca॥13-107-105॥

[वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - an old person; aged one; ज्ञातिः (jñātiḥ) - a relative; kinsman; तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend; दरिद्रः (daridraḥ) - a poor person; यः (yaḥ) - who; भवेत् (bhavet) - might be; is; अपि (api) - even; also; गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; वासयितव्याः (vāsayitavyāḥ) - should be made to dwell; should be allowed to live; ते (te) - they; धन्यम् (dhanyam) - prosperity; good fortune; आयुष्यम् (āyuṣyam) - long life; life-bestowing; एव (eva) - indeed; surely; च (ca) - and;]

(An old person, a relative, likewise a friend, (and) a poor person, who even might be, in the house should be made to dwell; they (are) prosperity and long life indeed and.)

An old person, a relative, a friend, and even a poor man—whoever they may be—should be allowed to reside in the house; they truly bring prosperity and long life. (13-107-105)

गृहे पारावता धन्याः शुकाश्च सहसारिकाः। गृहेष्वेते न पापाय तथा वै तैलपायिकाः ॥१३-१०७-१०६॥

gṛhe pārāvatā dhanyāḥ śukāś ca saha sārikāḥ। gṛheṣu ete na pāpāya tathā vai tailapāyikāḥ ॥13-107-106॥

[गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; पारावता (pārāvatāḥ) - pigeons; धन्याः (dhanyāḥ) - fortunate; शुकाः (śukāḥ) - parrots; च (ca) - and; सह (saha) - together with; सारिकाः (sārikāḥ) - starlings (mynas); गृहेषु (gṛheṣu) - in houses; एते (ete) - these; न (na) - not; पापाय (pāpāya) - for sin; तथा (tathā) - so also; वै (vai) - indeed; तैलपायिकाः (tailapāyikāḥ) - oil drinkers; ॥१३-१०७-१०६॥ (13-107-106) - ;]

(In the house, pigeons are fortunate, parrots and starlings together; in houses, these are not for sin, so also indeed oil drinkers.)

Pigeons, parrots, and starlings in a house are fortunate; the presence of these in homes is not sinful, and so too are oil drinkers. (13-107-106)

उद्दीपकाश्च गृध्राश्च कपोता भ्रमरास्तथा। निविशेयुर्यदा तत्र शान्तिमेव तदाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१०७॥

uddīpakāś ca gṛdhrāś ca kapotā bhramarās tathā। nivişeyur yadā tatra śāntim eva tad ācaret ॥13-107-107॥

[उद्दीपकाः (uddīpakāḥ) - lamp-lighters; (creatures that inflame or arouse); च (ca) - and; गृध्राः (gṛdhrāḥ) - vultures; च (ca) - and; कपोताः (kapotāḥ) - pigeons; भ्रमराः (bhramarāḥ) - bees; तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; निविशेयुः (niviśeyuḥ) - should settle; should reside; should take up abode; यदा (yadā) - when; तत्र (tatra) - there; शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace; एव (eva) - only; just; तदा (tadā) - then; आचरेत् (ācaret) - should perform; should observe;]

(Lamp-lighters and vultures and pigeons, bees also; should settle when there, peace only then should one perform.)

When lamp-lighters, vultures, pigeons, and bees also settle there, then one should only observe peace. (13-107-107)

अमङ्गल्यानि चैतानि तथाक्रोशो महात्मनाम्। महात्मनां च गुह्यानि न वक्तव्यानि कर्हिचित् ॥१३-१०७-१०८॥

amaṅgalyāni caitāni tathākrośo mahātmanām। mahātmanāṃ ca guhyāni na vaktavyāni karhicit॥13-107-108॥

[अमङ्गल्यानि (amaṅgalyāni) - inauspicious things; च (ca) - and; एतानि (etāni) - these; तथा (tathā) - likewise; अक्रोशः (akrośaḥ) - censure; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled; महात्मनां (mahātmanāṃ) - of the great-souled; च (ca) - and; गुह्यानि (guhyāni) - secrets; न (na) - not; वक्तव्यानि (vaktavyāni) - should be spoken; कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - at any time;]

(Inauspicious things and these likewise censure of the great-souled; and secrets of the great-souled should not be spoken at any time.)

Inauspicious matters, as well as harsh words against the great-souled, and the secrets of the great-souled, should never be spoken. (13-107-108)

अगम्याश्च न गच्छेत राजपत्नीः सखीस्तथा। वैद्यानां बालवृद्धानां भृत्यानां च युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-१०९॥

agamyāś ca na gacchet rājapatnīḥ sakhīs tathā। vaidyānāṁ bālavṛddhānāṁ bhṛtyānāṁ ca yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-107-109॥

[अगम्याः (agamyāḥ) - not-to-be-approached (women); च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; राजपत्नीः (rājapatnīḥ) - wives of the king; सखीः (sakhīḥ) - companions (female friends); तथा (tathā) - likewise; वैद्यानाम् (vaidyānām) - of physicians; बालवृद्धानाम् (bālavṛddhānām) - of children and elders; भृत्यानाम् (bhṛtyānām) - of servants; च (ca) - and; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(And to the not-to-be-approached (women) and the wives of the king, one should not go; likewise to the companions, and to the physicians, children and elders, and servants, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)

O Yudhiṣṭhira, one should not approach those women who are to be avoided, wives of the king, their companions, as well as physicians, children, elders, and servants. (13-107-109)

बन्धूनां ब्राह्मणानां च तथा शारणिकस्य च। सम्बन्धिनां च राजेन्द्र तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-११०॥

bandhūnāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ ca tathā śāraṇikasya ca। sambandhināṃ ca rājendra tathāyurvindate mahat ॥13-107-110॥

[बन्धूनां (bandhūnām) - of relatives; ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānām) - of Brāhmaṇas; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - likewise; शारणिकस्य (śāraṇikasya) - of the protector; च (ca) - and; सम्बन्धिनां (sambandhinām) - of kinsmen; च (ca) - and; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; तथा (tathā) - likewise; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; विन्दते (vindate) - attains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(Of relatives, of Brāhmaṇas, and likewise of the protector, and of kinsmen, and, O king, likewise a great lifespan is attained.)

O king, one attains a great lifespan as well as relations with relatives, Brāhmaṇas, the protector, and kinsmen. (13-107-110)

ब्राह्मणस्थपतिभ्यां च निर्मितं यन्निवेशनम्। तदावसेत्सदा प्राज्ञो भवार्थी मनुजेश्वर ॥१३-१०७-१११॥

brāhmaṇasthapatibhyāṃ ca nir mitaṃ yan niveśanam। tad āvaset sadā prājño bhavārthī manujeśvara ॥13-107-111॥

[ब्राह्मणस्थपतिभ्यां (brāhmaṇa-sthapatibhyām) - by a Brāhmaṇa and an architect; च (ca) - and; निर्मितं (nirmitam) - built; यत् (yat) - which; निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - residence; तत् (tat) - that; आवसेत् (āvaset) - should dwell; सदा (sadā) - always; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - a wise man; भवार्थी (bhavārthī) - one desiring prosperity; मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O king of men;]

(By a Brāhmaṇa and an architect, and built which residence, that should dwell always a wise man, one desiring prosperity, O king of men.)

O king of men, a wise man who desires prosperity should always live in a residence built by a Brāhmaṇa and an architect. (13-107-111)

सन्ध्यायां न स्वपेद्राजन्विद्यां न च समाचरेत्। न भुञ्जीत च मेधावी तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-११२॥

saṃdhyāyāṃ na svaped rājan vidyāṃ na ca samācareta । na bhuñjīta ca medhāvī tathāyur vindate mahat ॥13-107-112॥

[सन्ध्यायाम् (saṃdhyāyām) - at twilight (time of junction between night and day); न (na) - not; स्वपेत् (svapet) - should sleep; राजन् (rājan) - O king; विद्याम् (vidyām) - knowledge; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should practice (should study or undertake); न (na) - not; भुञ्जीत (bhuñjīta) - should eat; च (ca) - and; मेधावी (medhāvī) - the intelligent (person); तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great; ॥१३-१०७-११२॥ (13-107-112) - ;]

(At twilight, not should sleep, O king, knowledge not and should practice; not should eat and the intelligent thus life obtains great.)

O king, one should not sleep, study, or eat at twilight; thus, an intelligent person attains great longevity. (13-107-112)

नक्तं न कुर्यात्पित्र्याणि भुक्त्वा चैव प्रसाधनम्। पानीयस्य क्रिया नक्तं न कार्या भूतिमिच्छता ॥१३-१०७-११३॥

naktaṃ na kuryātpitryāṇi bhuktvā caiva prasādhanam। pānīyasya kriyā naktaṃ na kāryā bhūtimicchatā ॥13-107-113॥

[नक्तं (naktaṃ) - at night; न (na) - not; कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do; पित्र्याणि (pitryāṇi) - ancestral rites; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - after eating; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रसाधनम् (prasādhanam) - adorning; पानीयस्य (pānīyasya) - of water; क्रिया (kriyā) - offering; नक्तं (naktaṃ) - at night; न (na) - not; कार्या (kāryā) - should be done; भूतिम् (bhūtim) - prosperity; इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring;]

(At night, one should not perform ancestral rites; after eating indeed, one should not adorn oneself. The offering of water at night is not to be performed by one desiring prosperity.)

One should not perform ancestral rites at night; nor should one adorn oneself after eating. Offering water at night should not be done by one who desires prosperity. (13-107-113)

वर्जनीयाश्च वै नित्यं सक्तवो निशि भारत। शेषाणि चावदातानि पानीयं चैव भोजने ॥१३-१०७-११४॥

varjanīyāś ca vai nityaṃ saktavo niśi bhārata. śeṣāṇi cāvadātāni pānīyaṃ caiva bhojane ॥13-107-114॥

[वर्जनीयाः (varjanīyāḥ) - to be avoided; - च (ca) - and; - वै (vai) - indeed; - नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; - सक्तवः (saktavaḥ) - cakes; - निशि (niśi) - at night; - भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; - शेषाणि (śeṣāṇi) - remnants; - च (ca) - and; - अवदातानि (avadātāni) - impure; - पानीयं (pānīyam) - water; - च (ca) - and; - एव (eva) - indeed; - भोजने (bhojane) - in food (when eating); -;]

(And cakes are indeed always to be avoided at night, O Bhārata. Also remnants, impure (foods), water, and indeed (these) in food.)

O Bhārata, cakes should indeed always be avoided at night, as well as remnants, impure things, water, and these especially at meals. (13-107-114)

सौहित्यं च न कर्तव्यं रात्रौ नैव समाचरेत्। द्विजच्छेदं न कुर्वीत भुक्त्वा न च समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-११५॥

sauhityaṃ ca na kartavyaṃ rātrau naiva samācaret। dvijacchedaṃ na kurvīta bhuktvā na ca samācaret॥13-107-115॥

[सौहित्यं (sauhityaṃ) - conjunction (of food); च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यं (kartavyaṃ) - should be done; रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night; नैव (naiva) - not even; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should practice; द्विजच्छेदं (dvijacchedaṃ) - cutting (Breaking) of dvija (sacred thread); न (na) - not; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should do; भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should practice;]

(Conjunction (of food) and not should be done at night, not even should practice. Cutting (breaking) of dvija (sacred thread) should not do. Having eaten, not and should practice.)

One should not mix foods, nor should one perform (sacrificial acts) at night; one should not break the sacred thread, and after eating, one should not perform rites. (13-107-115)

महाकुलप्रसूतां च प्रशस्तां लक्षणैस्तथा। वयःस्थां च महाप्राज्ञ कन्यामावोढुमर्हति ॥१३-१०७-११६॥

mahākula-prasūtāṃ ca praśastāṃ lakṣaṇaiḥ tathā | vayaḥ-sthāṃ ca mahāprājñaḥ kanyām āvoḍhum arhati ॥13-107-116॥

[महाकुलप्रसूतां (mahākula-prasūtām) - born in a great family; च (ca) - and; प्रशस्तां (praśastām) - virtuous; लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - with (good) marks; तथा (tathā) - likewise; वयःस्थां (vayaḥ-sthām) - of appropriate age; च (ca) - and; महाप्राज्ञः (mahāprājñaḥ) - a very wise man; कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden; आवोढुम् (āvoḍhum) - to marry; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy (fit to);]

(A very wise man is worthy to marry a maiden who is born in a great family and is virtuous, likewise (endowed) with (good) marks, and of appropriate age.)

A very wise man should marry a maiden who is of good family, virtuous, endowed with auspicious marks, and of suitable age. (13-107-116)

अपत्यमुत्पाद्य ततः प्रतिष्ठाप्य कुलं तथा। पुत्राः प्रदेया ज्ञानेषु कुलधर्मेषु भारत ॥१३-१०७-११७॥

apatyam utpādya tataḥ pratiṣṭhāpya kulaṃ tathā। putrāḥ pradeyā jñāneṣu kuladharmeṣu bhārata॥13-107-117॥

[अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring; उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - after producing; ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रतिष्ठाप्य (pratiṣṭhāpya) - having established; कुलम् (kulam) - the lineage; तथा (tathā) - thus; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; प्रदेया (pradeyā) - should be given (assigned); ज्ञानेषु (jñāneṣu) - in instructions (learning); कुलधर्मेषु (kuladharmeṣu) - in the family duties (customs); भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(After producing offspring, then having thus established the lineage, the sons should be given in instructions and in the family duties, O Bhārata.)

O Bhārata, after producing offspring and thus establishing the lineage, sons should be instructed in knowledge and family customs. (13-107-117)

कन्या चोत्पाद्य दातव्या कुलपुत्राय धीमते। पुत्रा निवेश्याश्च कुलाद्भृत्या लभ्याश्च भारत ॥१३-१०७-११८॥

kanyā cotpādya dātavyā kulaputrāya dhīmate। putrā niveśyāś ca kulādbhṛtyā labhyāś ca bhārata॥13-107-118॥

[कन्या (kanyā) - daughter; च (ca) - and; उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - having produced; दातव्या (dātavyā) - should be given; कुलपुत्राय (kulaputrāya) - to a son of a noble family; धीमते (dhīmate) - to the wise; पुत्रा (putrā) - sons; निवेश्याः (niveśyāḥ) - should be established; च (ca) - and; कुलात् (kulāt) - from the family; भृत्याः (bhṛtyāḥ) - servants; लभ्याः (labhyāḥ) - should be obtained; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Daughter and, having produced, should be given to a son of a noble family, to the wise; sons should be established, and from the family, servants should be obtained, and O Bhārata.)

A daughter, once born, should be given to a wise son of a noble family; sons should be established, and servants obtained from the family, O Bhārata. (13-107-118)

शिरःस्नातोऽथ कुर्वीत दैवं पित्र्यमथापि च। नक्षत्रे न च कुर्वीत यस्मिञ्जातो भवेन्नरः ॥ न प्रोष्ठपदयोः कार्यं तथाग्नेये च भारत ॥१३-१०७-११९॥

śiraḥsnāto'tha kurvīta daivaṃ pitryam athāpi ca। nakṣatre na ca kurvīta yasmiñ jāto bhaven naraḥ॥ na proṣṭhapadayoḥ kāryaṃ tathāgnēye ca bhārata॥13-107-119॥

[शिरःस्नातः (śiraḥ-snātaḥ) (śiraḥ-snātaḥ) - one who has bathed the head; अथ (atha) (atha) - then; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) (kurvīta) - should perform; दैवम् (daivam) (daivam) - rite for the gods; पित्र्यम् (pitryam) (pitryam) - rite for the ancestors; अथापि (atha api) (atha api) - and then also; च (ca) (ca) - and; नक्षत्रे (nakṣatre) (nakṣatre) - on the (birth) constellation; न (na) (na) - not; च (ca) (ca) - and; कुर्वीत (kurvīta) (kurvīta) - should perform; यस्मिन् (yasmin) (yasmin) - in which; जातः (jātaḥ) (jātaḥ) - born; भवेत् (bhavet) (bhavet) - he may be; नरः (naraḥ) (naraḥ) - man; न (na) (na) - not; प्रोष्ठपदयोः (proṣṭhapadayoḥ) (proṣṭhapadayoḥ) - on the (nakṣatras) Proṣṭhapada; कार्यं (kāryam) (kāryam) - should be done; तथा (tathā) (tathā) - also; अग्नेये (agnēye) (agnēye) - in Agneya (nakṣatra); च (ca) (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(One who has bathed the head, then should perform rites for the gods, for the ancestors, and then also. On the constellation, and not should perform, in which born may be man. Not on the Proṣṭhapada should be done, also in Agneya, and O Bhārata. (13-107-119))

After bathing the head, one should then perform the rites for the gods and also for the ancestors. But one should not perform them on the constellation in which a man was born, nor on the Proṣṭhapada nakṣatras, nor in the Agneya nakṣatra, O Bhārata. (13-107-119)

दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यहं च विवर्जयेत्। ज्योतिषे यानि चोक्तानि तानि सर्वाणि वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२०॥

dāruṇeṣu ca sarveṣu pratyahaṃ ca vivarjayet। jyotiṣe yāni coktāni tāni sarvāṇi varjayet॥13-107-120॥

[दारुणेषु (dāruṇeṣu) - in harsh (situations); च (ca) - and; सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all; प्रत्यहम् (pratyaham) - every day; च (ca) - and; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid; ज्योतिषे (jyotiṣe) - in astrology; यानि (yāni) - which; च (ca) - and; उक्तानि (uktāni) - have been stated; तानि (tāni) - those; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid;]

(In harsh situations and in all, every day and he should avoid; in astrology which and have been stated, those all should avoid.)

One should avoid all harsh situations every day, and avoid all those things which have been stated in astrology. (13-107-120)

प्राङ्मुखः श्मश्रुकर्माणि कारयेत समाहितः। उदङ्मुखो वा राजेन्द्र तथायुर्विन्दते महत् ॥१३-१०७-१२१॥

prāṅmukhaḥ śmaśrukarmāṇi kārayet samāhitaḥ। udaṅmukho vā rājendra tathāyurvindate mahat॥13-107-121॥

[प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east; श्मश्रुकर्माणि (śmaśrukarmāṇi) - beard and moustache acts (barbering acts); कारयेत (kārayet) - should cause to be done; समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - composed; उदङ्मुखः (udaṅmukhaḥ) - facing north; वा (vā) - or; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king; तथा (tathā) - thus; आयुः (āyuḥ) - life; विन्दते (vindate) - obtains; महत् (mahat) - great;]

(Facing east, barbering acts one should cause to be done, composed. Facing north or, O king, thus great life obtains.)

One should, being composed, have barbering acts performed while facing east. Or facing north, O king, one likewise obtains great longevity. (13-107-121)

परिवादं न च ब्रूयात्परेषामात्मनस्तथा। परिवादो न धर्माय प्रोच्यते भरतर्षभ ॥१३-१०७-१२२॥

parivādaṁ na ca brūyāt pareṣām ātmanaḥ tathā। parivādo na dharmāya procyate bharatarṣabha ॥13-107-122॥

[परिवादम् (parivādam) - blame; (accusative singular;) न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - one should speak; परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself; तथा (tathā) - thus; in the same way; परिवादः (parivādaḥ) - blame; न (na) - not; धर्माय (dharmāya) - for righteousness; for virtue; प्रोच्यते (procyate) - is said; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]

(Blame not should one speak of others, of oneself thus; blame not for righteousness is said, O best of the Bharatas.)

One should not speak blame of others or of oneself in the same way; blame is not considered as righteousness, O best of the Bharatas. (13-107-122)

वर्जयेद्व्यङ्गिनीं नारीं तथा कन्यां नरोत्तम। समार्षां व्यङ्गितां चैव मातुः स्वकुलजां तथा ॥१३-१०७-१२३॥

varjayed vyaṅginīṃ nārīṃ tathā kanyāṃ narottama। samārṣāṃ vyaṅgitāṃ caiva mātuḥ svakulajāṃ tathā ॥13-107-123॥

[वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid; व्यङ्गिनीं (vyaṅginīṃ) - deformed woman; नारीं (nārīṃ) - woman; तथा (tathā) - and also; कन्यां (kanyāṃ) - maiden; नरोत्तम (narottama) - O best of men; समार्षां (samārṣāṃ) - afflicted with hereditary disease; व्यङ्गितां (vyaṅgitāṃ) - disfigured; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; मातुः (mātuḥ) - of mother; स्वकुलजां (svakulajāṃ) - born in own family; तथा (tathā) - and also;]

(O best of men, should avoid a deformed woman and also a maiden, indeed a woman afflicted with hereditary disease, a disfigured one, and a woman born of one's own mother, and also of one's own clan.)

O best of men, one should avoid marrying a deformed woman, a maiden with hereditary disease, a disfigured woman, one born of one's own mother, and also a woman from one's own clan. (13-107-123)

वृद्धां प्रव्रजितां चैव तथैव च पतिव्रताम्। तथातिकृष्णवर्णां च वर्णोत्कृष्टां च वर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२४॥

vṛddhāṃ pravrajitāṃ caiva tathaiva ca pativratām। tathātikṛṣṇavarṇāṃ ca varṇotkṛṣṭāṃ ca varjayet॥13-107-124॥

[वृद्धाम् (vṛddhām) - aged (woman); प्रव्रजिताम् (pravrajitām) - renounced (woman); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - certainly; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same manner; च (ca) - and; पतिव्रताम् (pativratām) - devoted to husband (woman); तथा (tathā) - likewise; अतिकृष्णवर्णाम् (atikṛṣṇavarṇām) - of very dark complexion (woman); च (ca) - and; वर्ण-उत्कृष्टाम् (varṇa-utkṛṣṭām) - of superior caste (woman); च (ca) - and; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - should avoid;]

(Aged woman, renounced woman, and in the same manner a woman devoted to husband, likewise a woman of very dark complexion and a woman of superior caste, and should avoid.)

One should avoid women who are aged, who have renounced the world, who are devoted to their husbands, who are of very dark complexion, and those of a superior caste. (13-107-124)

अयोनिं च वियोनिं च न गच्छेत विचक्षणः। पिङ्गलां कुष्ठिनीं नारीं न त्वमावोढुमर्हसि ॥१३-१०७-१२५॥

ayoniṁ ca viyoniṁ ca na gacchet vicakṣaṇaḥ। piṅgalāṁ kuṣṭhinīṁ nārīṁ na tvam āvoḍhum arhasi ॥13-107-125॥

[अयोनिं (ayoniṁ) - not (of) the womb; not in the natural sexual organ; च (ca) - and; वियोनिं (viyoniṁ) - (the) unnatural organ; other than the womb; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go (approach; unite with sexually); विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - a wise man; पिङ्गलां (piṅgalāṁ) - yellowish (woman); tawny-colored; कुष्ठिनीं (kuṣṭhinīṁ) - leprous (woman); having skin disease; नारीं (nārīṁ) - woman; न (na) - not; त्वम् (tvam) - you; आवोढुम् (āvoḍhum) - to marry; to take as wife; अर्हसि (arhasi) - are worthy (should/ought to do);]

(A wise man should not go to a non-womb, and to a different organ; you should not marry a yellowish, leprous woman.)

A wise person should not have intercourse through unnatural or improper organs. You should not take as wife a woman who is yellowish or afflicted with leprosy. (13-107-125)

अपस्मारिकुले जातां निहीनां चैव वर्जयेत्। श्वित्रिणां च कुले जातां त्रयाणां मनुजेश्वर ॥१३-१०७-१२६॥

apasmārikule jātāṃ nihīnāṃ caiva varjayet। śvitriṇāṃ ca kule jātāṃ trayāṇāṃ manujeśvara ॥13-107-126॥

[अपस्मारिकुले (apasmārikule) - of the family of epileptics; जातां (jātām) - born; निहीनां (nihīnām) - deficient; चैव (caiva) - and indeed; वर्जयेत् (varjayet) - one should avoid; श्वित्रिणां (śvitriṇām) - of those having leprosy; च (ca) - and; कुले (kule) - in the family; जातां (jātām) - born; त्रयाणां (trayāṇām) - of the three; मनुजेश्वर (manujeśvara) - O lord of men;]

(Born in a family of epileptics, deficient and indeed, one should avoid; and born in the family of those with leprosy, of these three, O lord of men.)

O lord of men, one should avoid (a woman) born in a family afflicted by epilepsy, or deficient (of lineage), and also one born in the family of those with leprosy—these three.

लक्षणैरन्विता या च प्रशस्ता या च लक्षणैः। मनोज्ञा दर्शनीया च तां भवान्वोढुमर्हति ॥१३-१०७-१२७॥

lakṣaṇair anvitā yā ca praśastā yā ca lakṣaṇaiḥ। manojñā darśanīyā ca tāṁ bhavān voḍhum arhati ॥13-107-127॥

[लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - with auspicious marks; अन्विता (anvitā) - endowed; या (yā) - who; च (ca) - and; प्रशस्ता (praśastā) - worthy; या (yā) - who; च (ca) - and; लक्षणैः (lakṣaṇaiḥ) - by auspicious marks; मनोज्ञा (manojñā) - pleasing to the mind; दर्शनीया (darśanīyā) - beautiful to behold; च (ca) - and; तां (tāṁ) - her; भवान् (bhavān) - you; वोढुम् (voḍhum) - to marry; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves;]

(Endowed with auspicious marks who and worthy who and by auspicious marks; pleasing to the mind, beautiful to behold and, her you, to marry, deserve.)

You deserve to marry her who is endowed with auspicious marks, who is worthy by such marks, pleasing to the mind, and beautiful to behold. (13-107-127)

महाकुले निवेष्टव्यं सदृशे वा युधिष्ठिर। अवरा पतिता चैव न ग्राह्या भूतिमिच्छता ॥१३-१०७-१२८॥

mahākule niveṣṭavyaṃ sadṛśe vā yudhiṣṭhira. avarā patitā caiva na grāhyā bhūtimicchatā ॥13-107-128॥

[महाकुले (mahākule) - in a great family; निवेष्टव्यं (niveṣṭavyam) - should be established; सदृशे (sadṛśe) - in an equal (family); वा (vā) - or; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira; अवरा (avarā) - an inferior (woman/family); पतिता (patitā) - fallen; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; न (na) - not; ग्राह्या (grāhyā) - should be accepted; भूतिम् (bhūtim) - prosperity; इच्छता (icchatā) - by one desiring;]

(In a great family should be established or in an equal, O Yudhiṣṭhira. Inferior, fallen indeed, and, not should be accepted by one desiring prosperity.)

O Yudhiṣṭhira, one wishing for prosperity should establish (a relationship) in a great family or in an equal family; an inferior or fallen (woman or family) should indeed not be accepted. (13-107-128)

अग्नीनुत्पाद्य यत्नेन क्रियाः सुविहिताश्च याः। वेदेषु ब्राह्मणैः प्रोक्तास्ताश्च सर्वाः समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१२९॥

agnīn utpādya yatnena kriyāḥ suvihitāś ca yāḥ। vedeṣu brāhmaṇaiḥ proktās tāś ca sarvāḥ samācaret ॥13-107-129॥

[अग्नीन् (agnīn) - sacred fires; (accusative plural of agni); उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - having produced; having established; यत्नेन (yatnena) - with effort; diligently; क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - ritual acts; actions; सुविहिताः (suvihitāḥ) - well performed; well arranged; च (ca) - and; याः (yāḥ) - which; वेदेषु (vedeṣu) - in the Vedas; ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the Brāhmaṇas (priests or Brāhmaṇa texts); प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared; proclaimed; ताः (tāḥ) - those; च (ca) - and; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should perform; should accomplish;]

(Having established the sacred fires with effort, the ritual acts which are well performed and which are declared in the Vedas by the Brāhmaṇas, all those also one should perform.)

Having established the sacred fires with care, all the ritual acts that are well performed and declared in the Vedas by the Brāhmaṇas should also be performed. (13-107-129)

न चेर्ष्या स्त्रीषु कर्तव्या दारा रक्ष्याश्च सर्वशः। अनायुष्या भवेदीर्ष्या तस्मादीर्ष्यां विवर्जयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३०॥

na cerṣyā strīṣu kartavyā dārā rakṣyāśca sarvaśaḥ. anāyuṣyā bhavedīrṣyā tasmādīrṣyāṃ vivarjayet ॥13-107-130॥

[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā) - jealousy; स्त्रीषु (strīṣu) - towards women; कर्तव्या (kartavyā) - to be done; दारा (dārā) - wives; रक्ष्याः (rakṣyāḥ) - to be protected; च (ca) - and; सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in every way; अनायुष्या (anāyuṣyā) - leading to short life; भवेत् (bhavet) - becomes; ईर्ष्या (īrṣyā) - jealousy; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; ईर्ष्याम् (īrṣyām) - jealousy; विवर्जयेत् (vivarjayet) - should avoid;]

(Not and jealousy towards women to be practiced; wives to be protected and in every way; leading to short life becomes jealousy; therefore, jealousy should avoid.)

Jealousy should never be practiced towards women; wives should be protected in every way. Jealousy leads to a short life; therefore, one should avoid jealousy. (13-107-130)

अनायुष्यो दिवास्वप्नस्तथाभ्युदितशायिता। प्रातर्निशायां च तथा ये चोच्छिष्टाः स्वपन्ति वै ॥१३-१०७-१३१॥

anāyuṣyo divāsvapnas tathābhyuditashāyitā। prātar niśāyāṃ ca tathā ye coccchiṣṭāḥ svapanti vai॥13-107-131॥

[अनायुष्यः (anāyuṣyaḥ) - not life-promoting; दिवास्वप्नः (divāsvapnaḥ) - day sleep; तथा (tathā) - likewise; अभ्युदितशायिता (abhyuditaśāyitā) - lying down at sunrise; प्रातर् (prātar) - in the morning; निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - likewise; ये (ye) - those who; च (ca) - and; उच्छिष्टाः (ucchiṣṭāḥ) - having not cleansed (after eating); स्वपन्ति (svapanti) - sleep; वै (vai) - indeed;]

(Not life-yielding is day sleep; likewise, lying down at sunrise; in the morning and at night likewise, also those who, having not cleansed, sleep indeed.)

Daytime sleep is not conducive to long life; so too is lying down at sunrise, sleeping in the morning and at night, and likewise those who sleep without having cleansed themselves after eating. (13-107-131)

पारदार्यमनायुष्यं नापितोच्छिष्टता तथा। यत्नतो वै न कर्तव्यमभ्यासश्चैव भारत ॥१३-१०७-१३२॥

pāradāryam anāyuṣyaṃ nāpitocchiṣṭatā tathā। yatnato vai na kartavyam abhyāsaś caiva bhārata॥13-107-132॥

[पारदार्यम् (pāradāryam) - intercourse with another's wife; अनायुष्यं (anāyuṣyam) - life-shortening; नापितोच्छिष्टता (nāpitocchiṣṭatā) - contact with barber's remnants; तथा (tathā) - so; in this way; यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - by effort; intentionally; वै (vai) - indeed; न (na) - not; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - should be done; अभ्यासः (abhyāsaḥ) - practice; repetition; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Intercourse with another's wife is life-shortening; contact with barber's remnants likewise. By effort indeed, one should not practice them, O Bhārata.)

Intercourse with another's wife shortens life; likewise, contact with a barber's remnants. These should not be practiced intentionally, O Bhārata. (13-107-132)

सन्ध्यां न भुञ्जेन्न स्नायान्न पुरीषं समुत्सृजेत्। प्रयतश्च भवेत्तस्यां न च किञ्चित्समाचरेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३३॥

sandhyāṃ na bhuñjenn snāyānna purīṣaṃ samutsṛjet। prayataśca bhavettasyāṃ na ca kiñcitsamācaret॥13-107-133॥

[सन्ध्यां (sandhyām) - at twilight; न (na) - not; भुञ्जेत् (bhuñjet) - should eat; न (na) - not; स्नायात् (snāyāt) - should bathe; न (na) - not; पुरीषं (purīṣam) - faeces; समुत्सृजेत् (samutsṛjet) - should void; प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - pure; च (ca) - and; भवेत् (bhavet) - should be; तस्यां (tasyām) - at that (time); न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; समाचरेत् (samācaret) - should perform;]

(At twilight, one should not eat, not bathe, not void faeces; and should be pure at that time, and should not perform anything.)

One should not eat, bathe, or void faeces at twilight; one should remain pure at that time and refrain from any activity. (13-107-133)

ब्राह्मणान्पूजयेच्चापि तथा स्नात्वा नराधिप। देवांश्च प्रणमेत्स्नातो गुरूंश्चाप्यभिवादयेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३४॥

brāhmaṇānpūjayeccāpi tathā snātvā narādhipa। devāṁśca praṇametsnāto gurūṁścāpyabhivādayet ॥13-107-134॥

[ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brāhmaṇas; (the) Brāhmaṇas; पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - should worship; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; तथा (tathā) - thus; स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king; देवान् (devān) - gods; च (ca) - and; प्रणमेत् (praṇamet) - should bow; स्नातः (snātaḥ) - having bathed; गुरून् (gurūn) - elders; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अभिवादयेत् (abhivādayet) - should salute;]

(Brāhmaṇas should worship and also thus having bathed, O king; gods and should bow having bathed, elders and also should salute.)

O king, having thus bathed, one should worship the Brāhmaṇas, bow to the gods, and also salute the elders. (13-107-134)

अनिमन्त्रितो न गच्छेत यज्ञं गच्छेत्तु दर्शकः। अनिमन्त्रिते ह्यनायुष्यं गमनं तत्र भारत ॥१३-१०७-१३५॥

animantrito na gacchet yajñaṃ gacchettu darśakaḥ। animantrite hyanāyuṣyaṃ gamanaṃ tatra bhārata॥13-107-135॥

[अनिमन्त्रितः (animantritaḥ) - not invited; न (na) - not; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; यज्ञं (yajñaṃ) - sacrifice; गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should go; तु (tu) - but; दर्शकः (darśakaḥ) - observer; अनिमन्त्रिते (animantrite) - in the case of not being invited; हि (hi) - indeed; अनायुष्यं (anāyuṣyaṃ) - depriving of life; गमनं (gamanaṃ) - going; तत्र (tatra) - there; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata;]

(Not invited not should go sacrifice; should go but observer; not invited indeed lifelessness going there O Bhārata.)

One who is not invited should not go to a sacrifice; only an observer may go. Going there uninvited indeed shortens one's life, O Bhārata. (13-107-135)

न चैकेन परिव्राज्यं न गन्तव्यं तथा निशि। अनागतायां सन्ध्यायां पश्चिमायां गृहे वसेत् ॥१३-१०७-१३६॥

na caikena parivrājyaṃ na gantavyaṃ tathā niśi। anāgatāyāṃ sandhyāyāṃ paścimāyāṃ gṛhe vaset ॥13-107-136॥

[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; also; एकेन (ekena) - alone; by one (person); परिव्राज्यं (parivrājyaṃ) - wandering; traveling; न (na) - not; गन्तव्यं (gantavyaṃ) - should go; तथा (tathā) - also; likewise; निशि (niśi) - at night; अनागतायां (anāgatāyāṃ) - not yet come; not arrived; सन्ध्यायां (sandhyāyāṃ) - in twilight; in the sandhyā (twilight time); पश्चिमायां (paścimāyāṃ) - evening; western (referring to evening sandhyā); गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house; वसेत् (vaset) - one should stay; should remain;]

(Not also alone wandering, not should go, likewise at night. When evening twilight is not yet come, in the house one should stay. (13-107-136))

One should not wander alone, nor should one go out at night. When the evening twilight has not yet arrived, one should remain at home. (13-107-136)

मातुः पितुर्गुरूणां च कार्यमेवानुशासनम्। हितं वाप्यहितं वापि न विचार्यं नरर्षभ ॥१३-१०७-१३७॥

mātuḥ pitur gurūṇāṃ ca kāryam evānuśāsanam। hitaṃ vā apy ahitaṃ vā api na vicāryaṃ nararṣabha ॥13-107-137॥

[मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother; पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father; गुरूणां (gurūṇām) - of the teachers; च (ca) - and; कार्यं (kāryam) - to be done (duty or command); एव (eva) - indeed; अनुशासनम् (anuśāsanam) - instruction; हितं (hitaṃ) - beneficial; वा (vā) - or; अप्यहितं (apy ahitaṃ) - even if unbeneficial; वा (vā) - or; अपि (api) - even; न (na) - not; विचार्यं (vicāryam) - should be considered; नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men;]

(Of the mother, of the father, and of the teachers, indeed to be done is the instruction; whether beneficial or even if unbeneficial, not should be considered, O best of men.)

O best of men, the instructions of the mother, father, and teachers should be carried out as duty; whether they are beneficial or even not beneficial, they are not to be deliberated upon. (13-107-137)

धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च यत्नः कार्यो नराधिप। हस्तिपृष्ठेऽश्वपृष्ठे च रथचर्यासु चैव ह ॥ यत्नवान्भव राजेन्द्र यत्नवान्सुखमेधते ॥१३-१०७-१३८॥

dhanurvede ca vede ca yatnaḥ kāryo narādhipa। hastipṛṣṭhe'śvapṛṣṭhe ca rathacaryāsu caiva ha ॥ yatnavānbhava rājendra yatnavānsukhamedhate ॥13-107-138॥

[धनुर्वेदे (dhanurvede) - in the science of archery; च (ca) - and; वेदे (vede) - in the Veda; च (ca) - and; यत्नः (yatnaḥ) - effort; कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - should be made; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king; हस्तिपृष्ठे (hastipṛṣṭhe) - on the back of an elephant; अश्वपृष्ठे (aśvapṛṣṭhe) - on the back of a horse; च (ca) - and; रथचर्यासु (rathacaryāsu) - in chariot operations; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ह (ha) - surely; यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - one who is diligent; भव (bhava) - be; राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O king of kings; यत्नवान् (yatnavān) - the diligent one; सुखम् (sukham) - happiness; एधते (edhate) - obtains;]

(In the science of archery and in the Veda, effort should be made, O king; on the back of an elephant, on the back of a horse, and in chariot operations as well, indeed, surely. Be diligent, O king of kings; the diligent one obtains happiness. (13-107-138))

O king, effort should be made in the science of archery and in the Veda, as well as on elephants, horses, and in chariot operations. Be diligent, O king of kings; for the diligent one attains happiness. (13-107-138)

अप्रधृष्यश्च शत्रूणां भृत्यानां स्वजनस्य च। प्रजापालनयुक्तश्च न क्षतिं लभते क्वचित् ॥१३-१०७-१३९॥

apradḥṛṣyaś ca śatrūṇāṃ bhṛtyānāṃ svajanasya ca। prajā-pālana-yuktaś ca na kṣatiṃ labhate kvacit॥13-107-139॥

[अप्रधृष्यः (apradḥṛṣyaḥ) - not to be overpowered; unassailable; च (ca) - and; शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of enemies; भृत्यानाम् (bhṛtyānām) - of servants; स्वजनस्य (svajanasya) - of his own people; च (ca) - and; प्रजापालनयुक्तः (prajā-pālana-yuktaḥ) - engaged in protecting subjects; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; क्षतिम् (kṣatim) - harm; loss; लभते (labhate) - receives; obtains; क्वचित् (kvacit) - anywhere; at any time;]

(Unassailable and of enemies, of servants, of his own people and engaged in protecting subjects and not harm attains anywhere.)

He who is unassailable by enemies, servants, and his own people, and who is devoted to the protection of his subjects, does not incur harm anywhere. (13-107-139)

युक्तिशास्त्रं च ते ज्ञेयं शब्दशास्त्रं च भारत। गन्धर्वशास्त्रं च कलाः परिज्ञेया नराधिप ॥१३-१०७-१४०॥

yuktiśāstraṃ ca te jñeyaṃ śabdaśāstraṃ ca bhārata। gandharvaśāstraṃ ca kalāḥ parijñeyā narādhipa ॥13-107-140॥

[युक्तिशास्त्रं (yuktiśāstraṃ) - science of reasoning; च (ca) - and; ते (te) - by you; ज्ञेयं (jñeyam) - to be known; शब्दशास्त्रं (śabdaśāstraṃ) - science of language; च (ca) - and; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; गन्धर्वशास्त्रं (gandharvaśāstraṃ) - science of music; च (ca) - and; कलाः (kalāḥ) - arts; परिज्ञेया (parijñeyā) - to be thoroughly known; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king;]

(Science of reasoning and by you to be known, science of language and O Bhārata, science of music and arts to be thoroughly known, O king.)

O Bhārata, you should know the science of reasoning, the science of language, the science of music, and the arts thoroughly, O king. (13-107-140)

पुराणमितिहासाश्च तथाख्यानानि यानि च। महात्मनां च चरितं श्रोतव्यं नित्यमेव ते ॥१३-१०७-१४१॥

purāṇam-itihāsāś-ca tathākhyānāni yāni ca। mahātmanāṃ ca caritaṃ śrotavyaṃ nityam-eva te॥13-107-141॥

[पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient tale; इतिहासाः (itihāsāḥ) - histories; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - likewise; आख्यानानि (ākhyānāni) - narratives; यानि (yāni) - which (those); च (ca) - and; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of great souls; च (ca) - and; चरितम् (caritam) - conduct; श्रोतव्यम् (śrotavyam) - to be heard; नित्यम् (nityam) - always; एव (eva) - indeed; ते (te) - these;]

(Ancient tale, histories and likewise narratives which and, of great souls and conduct, to be heard always indeed, these.)

The ancient tales, histories, and likewise the narratives, and the conduct of great souls—all these are indeed always to be heard. (13-107-141)

पत्नीं रजस्वलां चैव नाभिगच्छेन्न चाह्वयेत्। स्नातां चतुर्थे दिवसे रात्रौ गच्छेद्विचक्षणः ॥१३-१०७-१४२॥

patnīṃ rajasvalāṃ caiva nābhigacchen na cāhvayet। snātāṃ caturthe divase rātrau gacched vicakṣaṇaḥ॥13-107-142॥

[पत्नीं (patnīṃ) - wife (accusative singular); रजस्वलां (rajasvalāṃ) - menstruating (accusative singular feminine); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; न (na) - not; अभिगच्छेत् (abhigacchet) - should approach; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; आह्वयेत् (āhvayet) - should call (invite/engage); स्नातां (snātām) - having bathed (accusative singular feminine); चतुर्थे (caturthe) - on the fourth; दिवसे (divase) - day (locative singular); रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night (locative singular); गच्छेत् (gacchet) - should approach; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - the discerning person (nominative singular masculine);]

(Wife menstruating and indeed not should approach, nor should (he) call; having bathed, on the fourth day, at night, should approach, the discerning person.)

One should neither approach nor call a wife who is menstruating; but the discerning man may approach her at night on the fourth day, after she has bathed. (13-107-142)

पञ्चमे दिवसे नारी षष्ठेऽहनि पुमान्भवेत्। एतेन विधिना पत्नीमुपगच्छेत पण्डितः ॥१३-१०७-१४३॥

pañcame divase nārī ṣaṣṭhe'ahani pumānbhavet। etena vidhinā patnīmupagacchet paṇḍitaḥ ॥13-107-143॥

[पञ्चमे (pañcame) - on the fifth; दिवसे (divase) - day; नारी (nārī) - woman (daughter) is born; षष्ठेऽहनि (ṣaṣṭhe'ahani) - on the sixth day; पुमान् (pumān) - man (son); भवेत् (bhavet) - is born; एतेन (etena) - by this; विधिना (vidhinā) - procedure; पत्नीम् (patnīm) - wife; उपगच्छेत् (upagacchet) - should approach; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - the learned one;]

(On the fifth day, a woman (daughter) is born; on the sixth day, a man (son) is born; by this procedure, the learned one should approach his wife.)

A daughter is born on the fifth day, a son on the sixth; thus, by following this rule, the wise should approach his wife. (13-107-143)

ज्ञातिसम्बन्धिमित्राणि पूजनीयानि नित्यशः। यष्टव्यं च यथाशक्ति यज्ञैर्विविधदक्षिणैः ॥ अतऊर्ध्वमरण्यं च सेवितव्यं नराधिप ॥१३-१०७-१४४॥

jñātisambandhimitrāṇi pūjanīyāni nityaśaḥ। yaṣṭavyaṃ ca yathāśakti yajñair vividhadakṣiṇaiḥ ॥ ataurdhvam araṇyaṃ ca sevitavyaṃ narādhipa ॥13-107-144॥

[ज्ञाति (jñāti) - relative; सम्बन्धि (sambandhi) - connected (ones); मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends; पूजनीयानि (pūjanīyāni) - worthy of honor; नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always; यष्टव्यं (yaṣṭavyam) - should be worshipped (or offered oblations); च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - according to; शक्ति (śakti) - capacity; यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices; विविधदक्षिणैः (vividhadakṣiṇaiḥ) - with various offerings; अत (ata) - thereafter; ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after; अरण्यं (araṇyam) - forest; च (ca) - and; सेवितव्यम् (sevitavyam) - should be resided in; नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king;]

(Relatives, those connected, friends are always to be honored; and sacrifices should be performed according to capacity with various offerings. Thereafter, the forest also should be resorted to, O king.)

Relatives, kinsmen, and friends should always be honored; sacrifices with various offerings should be performed according to one's ability. Afterwards, the forest life should also be undertaken, O king. (13-107-144)

एष ते लक्षणोद्देश आयुष्याणां प्रकीर्तितः। शेषस्त्रैविद्यवृद्धेभ्यः प्रत्याहार्यो युधिष्ठिर ॥१३-१०७-१४५॥

eṣa te lakṣaṇoddeśa āyuṣyāṇāṃ prakīrtitaḥ। śeṣastraividyavṛddhebhyaḥ pratyāhāryo yudhiṣṭhira ॥13-107-145॥

[एष (eṣa) - this; ते (te) - to you; लक्षणोद्देशः (lakṣaṇoddeśaḥ) - enumeration of (their) characteristics; आयुष्याणाम् (āyuṣyāṇām) - of lifespans; प्रकीर्तितः (prakīrtitaḥ) - has been declared; शेषः (śeṣaḥ) - the remainder; त्रैविद्यवृद्धेभ्यः (traividyavṛddhebhyaḥ) - from the learned elders skilled in the three Vedas; प्रत्याहार्यः (pratyāhāryaḥ) - should be asked; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira;]

(This to you enumeration of characteristics of lifespans has been declared. The remainder from the learned elders skilled in the three Vedas should be asked, O Yudhiṣṭhira.)

This enumeration of the characteristics of lifespans has been declared to you. The remainder should be asked from the learned elders skilled in the three Vedas, O Yudhiṣṭhira. (13-107-145)

आचारो भूतिजनन आचारः कीर्तिवर्धनः। आचाराद्वर्धते ह्यायुराचारो हन्त्यलक्षणम् ॥१३-१०७-१४६॥

ācāro bhūtijanana ācāraḥ kīrtivardhanaḥ। ācārād vardhate hy āyuḥ ācāraḥ hanti alakṣaṇam ॥13-107-146॥

[आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct; भूतिजनन (bhūtijanana) - producer of beings; आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct; कीर्तिवर्धनः (kīrtivardhanaḥ) - increaser of fame; आचारात् (ācārāt) - from conduct; वर्धते (vardhate) - increases; हि (hi) - indeed; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct; हन्ति (hanti) - destroys; अलक्षणम् (alakṣaṇam) - inauspiciousness;]

(Conduct is the producer of beings; conduct is the increaser of fame. From conduct indeed lifespan increases; conduct destroys inauspiciousness.)

Conduct gives rise to beings; conduct increases one's fame. Lifespan is increased by conduct, and conduct eliminates inauspiciousness. (13-107-146)

आगमानां हि सर्वेषामाचारः श्रेष्ठ उच्यते। आचारप्रभवो धर्मो धर्मादायुर्विवर्धते ॥१३-१०७-१४७॥

āgamānāṃ hi sarveṣām ācāraḥ śreṣṭha ucyate। ācāraprabhavo dharmo dharmād āyur vivardhate ॥13-107-147॥

[आगमानां (āgamānām) - of scriptures; हि (hi) - indeed; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct; श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - the best; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said; आचारप्रभवः (ācāraprabhavaḥ) - arisen from conduct; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from righteousness; आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan; विवर्धते (vivardhate) - increases;]

(Of scriptures indeed of all conduct the best is said. From conduct arises righteousness; from righteousness lifespan increases.)

Indeed, among all scriptures, conduct is said to be the best. From conduct arises righteousness, and from righteousness, lifespan increases. (13-107-147)

एतद्यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं स्वस्त्ययनं महत्। अनुकम्पता सर्ववर्णान्ब्रह्मणा समुदाहृतम् ॥१३-१०७-१४८॥

etat-yaśasyam-āyuṣyam-svargyam-svastyayanam-mahat anukampayā sarva-varṇān brahmaṇā samudāhṛtam ॥13-107-148॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; यशस्य (yaśasya) - bestowing fame; आयुष्यं (āyuṣyam) - giving long life; स्वर्ग्यं (svargyam) - leading to heaven; स्वस्त्ययनं (svastyayanam) - causing welfare; महत् (mahat) - great; अनुकम्पया (anukampayā) - out of compassion; सर्ववर्णान् (sarva-varṇān) - all classes; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā; समुदाहृतम् (samudāhṛtam) - has been uttered;]

(This, bestowing fame, giving long life, leading to heaven, causing welfare, great, out of compassion for all classes, by Brahmā, has been uttered.)

This great utterance, which bestows fame, grants long life, leads to heaven, and brings welfare, has been declared by Brahmā out of compassion for all classes. (13-107-148)