13.136
ब्राह्मणप्रशंसा
brāhmaṇapraśaṁsā
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - brāhmaṇa; प्रशंसा (praśaṁsā) - praise;]
(brāhmaṇa praise;)
Praise of brāhmaṇas;
युधिष्ठिर उवाच॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; (proper noun, name of a king); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (third person singular aorist of 'vac', to say);]
(Yudhishthira said;)
Yudhishthira said.
के पूज्याः के नमस्कार्याः कथं वर्तेत केषु च। किमाचारः कीदृशेषु पितामह न रिष्यते ॥१३-१३६-१॥
ke pūjyāḥ ke namaskāryāḥ kathaṁ varteta keṣu ca। kim-ācāraḥ kīdṛśeṣu pitāmaha na riṣyate॥13-136-1॥
[के (ke) - who; (plural, masculine); पूज्याः (pūjyāḥ) - worthy of worship; के (ke) - who; (plural, masculine); नमस्कार्याः (namaskāryāḥ) - worthy of salutation; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; वर्तेत (varteta) - should conduct oneself; केषु (keṣu) - towards whom; च (ca) - and; किमाचारः (kim-ācāraḥ) - what conduct; कीदृशेषु (kīdṛśeṣu) - towards what kind (of persons); पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandsire; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - is harmed;]
(Who are worthy of worship? Who are worthy of salutation? How should one conduct oneself, and towards whom? What conduct, O grandsire, with what kind (of people) is not harmed?)
Who are to be worshipped? Who should be saluted? How should one behave, and towards whom? What kind of conduct, O grandsire, does not lead to harm when interacting with people of certain types? (13-136-1)
भीष्म उवाच॥
bhīṣma uvāca॥
[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma; (the name of a person); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Bhishma said;)
Bhishma said.
ब्राह्मणानां परिभवः सादयेदपि देवताः। ब्राह्मणानां नमस्कर्ता युधिष्ठिर न रिष्यते ॥१३-१३६-२॥
brāhmaṇānāṃ paribhavaḥ sādayed api devatāḥ। brāhmaṇānāṃ namaskartā yudhiṣṭhira na riṣyate॥13-136-2॥
[ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brāhmaṇas; परिभवः (paribhavaḥ) - insult; disrespect; सादयेत् (sādayet) - could cause to fall; could bring down; अपि (api) - even; also; देवताः (devatāḥ) - gods; ब्राह्मणानां (brāhmaṇānām) - of the Brāhmaṇas; नमस्कर्ता (namaskartā) - he who reverences; one who bows to; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira; न (na) - not; रिष्यते (riṣyate) - comes to harm; is destroyed;]
(The insult of the Brāhmaṇas could bring down even gods; O Yudhiṣṭhira, he who reverences the Brāhmaṇas does not come to harm.)
Even the gods could be brought down by showing disrespect to Brāhmaṇas; O Yudhiṣṭhira, one who reverences Brāhmaṇas does not suffer harm. (13-136-2)
ते पूज्यास्ते नमस्कार्या वर्तेथास्तेषु पुत्रवत्। ते हि लोकानिमान्सर्वान्धारयन्ति मनीषिणः ॥१३-१३६-३॥
te pūjyās te namaskāryā varteṭhāsteṣu putravat। te hi lokān imān sarvān dhārayanti manīṣiṇaḥ॥13-136-3॥
[ते (te) - they; पूज्याः (pūjyāḥ) - to be worshipped; ते (te) - they; नमस्कार्याः (namaskāryāḥ) - to be saluted; वर्तेथाः (varteṭhāḥ) - should behave; तेषु (teṣu) - towards them; पुत्रवत् (putravat) - like (a) son; ते (te) - they; हि (hi) - indeed; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; इमान् (imān) - these; सर्वान् (sarvān) - all; धारयन्ति (dhārayanti) - sustain; मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise ones;]
(They are to be worshipped; they are to be saluted; one should behave towards them like a son. They indeed all these worlds sustain, the wise ones.)
They must be worshipped and saluted, and you should behave toward them as you would toward a son. Truly, it is the wise who sustain all these worlds. (13-136-3)
ब्राह्मणाः सर्वलोकानां महान्तो धर्मसेतवः। धनत्यागाभिरामाश्च वाक्संयमरताश्च ये ॥१३-१३६-४॥
brāhmaṇāḥ sarvalokānāṃ mahānto dharmasetavaḥ। dhanatyāgābhirāmāśca vāksaṃyamaratāśca ye॥13-136-4॥
[ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brāhmaṇas; सर्वलोकानां (sarvalokānāṃ) - of all worlds; महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great; धर्मसेतवः (dharmasetavaḥ) - dikes (protectors) of dharma; धनत्यागाभिरामाः (dhanatyāgābhirāmāḥ) - delightful by abandonment of wealth; च (ca) - and; वाक्संयमरताः (vāksaṃyamaratāḥ) - delighted in restraint of speech; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who;]
(Brāhmaṇas of all worlds, great, protectors of dharma; delightful by abandonment of wealth, and who are delighted in restraint of speech, and who.)
Brāhmaṇas—who are great, protectors of dharma for all worlds, delightful through their renunciation of wealth, and who delight in restraining their speech—(13-136-4)
रमणीयाश्च भूतानां निधानं च धृतव्रताः। प्रणेतारश्च लोकानां शास्त्राणां च यशस्विनः ॥१३-१३६-५॥
ramaṇīyāś ca bhūtānāṃ nidhānaṃ ca dhṛtavratāḥ। praṇetāraś ca lokānāṃ śāstrāṇāṃ ca yaśasvinaḥ ॥13-136-5॥
[रमणीयाः (ramaṇīyāḥ) - pleasing; pleasant; desirable; च (ca) - and; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; निधानम् (nidhānam) - abode; resting place; च (ca) - and; धृतव्रताः (dhṛtavratāḥ) - firm in vows; प्रणेतारः (praṇetāraḥ) - promoters; initiators; च (ca) - and; लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of worlds; शास्त्राणाम् (śāstrāṇām) - of scriptures; च (ca) - and; यशस्विनः (yaśasvinaḥ) - illustrious; glorious;]
(Pleasing and of beings the abode and firm in vows; promoters and of worlds, of scriptures and illustrious;)
Pleasing as the abode of beings, firm in vows; illustrious promoters of worlds and scriptures. (13-136-5)
तपो येषां धनं नित्यं वाक्चैव विपुलं बलम्। प्रभवश्चापि धर्माणां धर्मज्ञाः सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः ॥१३-१३६-६॥
tapo yeṣāṃ dhanaṃ nityaṃ vāk caiva vipulaṃ balam। prabhavaś cāpi dharmāṇāṃ dharmajñāḥ sūkṣmadarśinaḥ ॥13-136-6॥
[तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity; येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly; वाक् (vāk) - speech; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; विपुलम् (vipulam) - abundant; बलम् (balam) - power; प्रभवः (prabhavaḥ) - origin; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of dharmas; धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - knowers of dharma; सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः (sūkṣmadarśinaḥ) - perceivers of the subtle;]
(Austerity whose wealth is constant, speech indeed abundant, power, and the origin also of dharmas—knowers of dharma, perceivers of the subtle.)
Those whose wealth is austerity, who have constant speech that is indeed abundant, whose power and the source of all dharmas rests in them—are knowers of dharma and perceivers of subtlety. (13-136-6)
धर्मकामाः स्थिता धर्मे सुकृतैर्धर्मसेतवः। यानुपाश्रित्य जीवन्ति प्रजाः सर्वाश्चतुर्विधाः ॥१३-१३६-७॥
dharmakāmāḥ sthitā dharme sukṛtair dharmasetavaḥ। yānupāśritya jīvanti prajāḥ sarvāś caturvidhāḥ ॥13-136-7॥
[धर्मकामाः (dharmakāmāḥ) - those whose desire is for dharma; स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - established; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; सुकृतैः (sukṛtaiḥ) - by virtuous deeds; धर्मसेतवः (dharmasetavaḥ) - those who are bridges of dharma; यान् (yān) - whom; उपाश्रित्य (upāśritya) - having resorted to; जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - live; प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - creatures; सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all; चतुर्विधाः (caturvidhāḥ) - of four kinds;]
(Those whose desire is for dharma, established in dharma, by virtuous deeds, who are bridges of dharma, whom having resorted to, live creatures all of four kinds.)
All creatures of the four kinds live, having resorted to those who desire dharma, are established in dharma, and are the bridges of dharma through virtuous deeds. (13-136-7)
पन्थानः सर्वनेतारो यज्ञवाहाः सनातनाः। पितृपैतामहीं गुर्वीमुद्वहन्ति धुरं सदा ॥१३-१३६-८॥
panthānaḥ sarvanetāro yajñavāhāḥ sanātanāḥ। pitṛpaitāmahīṃ gurvīm udvahanti dhuraṃ sadā ॥13-136-8॥
[पन्थानः (panthānaḥ) - paths; सर्वनेतारः (sarvanetāraḥ) - all-guiding; यज्ञवाहाः (yajñavāhāḥ) - sacrificial-bearers; सनातनाः (sanātanāḥ) - eternal; पितृपैतामहीं (pitṛpaitāmahīm) - of fathers and grandfathers; गुर्वीम् (gurvīm) - heavy; उद्वहन्ति (udvahanti) - carry up; धुरम् (dhuram) - the burden; सदा (sadā) - always;]
(Paths all-guiding, sacrificial-bearers, eternal, of fathers and grandfathers, heavy, carry up the burden always.)
The eternal paths, which guide all, bear the sacrifices, and have always carried the heavy burden belonging to fathers and grandfathers. (13-136-8)
धुरि ये नावसीदन्ति विषमे सद्गवा इव। पितृदेवातिथिमुखा हव्यकव्याग्रभोजिनः ॥१३-१३६-९॥
dhuri ye nāvasīdanti viṣame sadgavā iva। pitṛdevātithimukhā havyakavyāgrabhojinaḥ ॥13-136-9॥
[धुरि (dhuri) - yoke; ये (ye) - who; न (na) - not; अवसीदन्ति (avasīdanti) - sink (become despondent); विषमे (viṣame) - in difficulty; सत्-गवाः (sad-gavāḥ) - good cows; इव (iva) - like; पितृ-देव-अतिथि-मुखाः (pitṛ-deva-atithi-mukhāḥ) - headed by ancestors, gods, and guests; हव्य-कव्य-अग्र-भोजिनः (havya-kavya-agra-bhojinaḥ) - those who chiefly partake of offerings and oblations;]
(In the yoke, who do not sink in difficulty, like good cows; headed by ancestors, gods, and guests, those who chiefly partake of offerings and oblations.)
Those who, yoked in duty, do not falter in adversity—like good cows—namely the ancestors, gods, and guests who are foremost in receiving offerings and oblations. (13-136-9)
भोजनादेव ये लोकांस्त्रायन्ते महतो भयात्। दीपाः सर्वस्य लोकस्य चक्षुश्चक्षुष्मतामपि ॥१३-१३६-१०॥
bhojanādeva ye lokāṃstrāyante mahato bhayāt। dīpāḥ sarvasya lokasya cakṣuścakṣuṣmatāmapi ॥13-136-10॥
[भोजनात् (bhojanāt) - from food; एव (eva) - indeed; ये (ye) - those who; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds (people); त्रायन्ते (trāyante) - protect; महतः (mahataḥ) - from great; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; दीपाः (dīpāḥ) - lamps; सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all; लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world; चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - the eye; चक्षुष्मताम् (cakṣuṣmatām) - of those who have sight; अपि (api) - even;]
(Those who indeed protect people from food from great fear—lamps of all the world are the eye even of the seeing.)
Lamps, which indeed protect people from great fear arising from food, are the eyes of all the world—even for those who have sight. (13-136-10)
सर्वशिल्पादिनिधयो निपुणाः सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः। गतिज्ञाः सर्वभूतानामध्यात्मगतिचिन्तकाः ॥१३-१३६-११॥
sarvaśilpādinidhayo nipuṇāḥ sūkṣmadarśinaḥ। gatijñāḥ sarvabhūtānām adhyātmagaticintakāḥ॥13-136-11॥
[सर्वशिल्पादिनिधयः (sarvaśilpādinidhayaḥ) - repositories of all arts and the like; निपुणाः (nipuṇāḥ) - skilled; सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः (sūkṣmadarśinaḥ) - those who perceive the subtle; गतिज्ञाः (gatijñāḥ) - knowers of movement; सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings; अध्यात्मगतिचिन्तकाः (adhyātmagaticintakāḥ) - thinkers on the movement of the self;]
(Repositories of all arts and the like, skilled, perceivers of the subtle, knowers of the movement, of all beings, thinkers on the movement of the self.)
They are repositories of all arts, skilled, perceivers of what is subtle, knowers of the movement of all beings, and thinkers on the movement of the self. (13-136-11)
आदिमध्यावसानानां ज्ञातारश्छिन्नसंशयाः। परावरविशेषज्ञा गन्तारः परमां गतिम् ॥१३-१३६-१२॥
ādimadhyāvasānānāṃ jñātāraś chinnasaṃśayāḥ। parāvaraviśeṣajñā gantāraḥ paramāṃ gatim ॥13-136-12॥
[आदि (ādi) - beginning; मध्य (madhya) - middle; अवसानानां (avasānānāṃ) - of ends; ज्ञातारः (jñātāraḥ) - knowers; छिन्न (chinna) - cut; संशयाः (saṃśayāḥ) - doubts; परावर (parāvara) - far and near; विशेष (viśeṣa) - distinction; ज्ञा (jñā) - knowers; गन्तारः (gantāraḥ) - goers; परमां (paramāṃ) - supreme; गतिम् (gatim) - state;]
(Knowers of beginnings, middles, and ends, whose doubts are cut, knowers of the distinction between far and near, goers to the supreme state.)
Those who know the beginnings, middles, and ends, whose doubts are eliminated, who understand the distinction of far and near, are those who reach the highest state. (13-136-12)
विमुक्ता धुतपाप्मानो निर्द्वंद्वा निष्परिग्रहाः। मानार्हा मानिता नित्यं ज्ञानविद्भिर्महात्मभिः ॥१३-१३६-१३॥
vimuktā dhutapāpmāno nirdvandvā niṣparigrahāḥ। mānārhā mānitā nityaṃ jñānavidbhirmahātmabhiḥ॥13-136-13॥
[विमुक्ता (vimuktā) - liberated ones; धुतपाप्मानः (dhutapāpmānaḥ) - those whose sins are cleansed; निर्द्वंद्वाः (nirdvandvāḥ) - free from dualities; निष्परिग्रहाः (niṣparigrahāḥ) - without possessions; मानार्हाः (mānārhāḥ) - worthy of honor; मानिताः (mānitāḥ) - respected; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; ज्ञानविद्भिः (jñānavidbhiḥ) - by those who know knowledge; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls;]
(Liberated ones, whose sins are cleansed, free from dualities, without possessions, worthy of honor, respected always by those who know knowledge, by great souls.)
Liberated, sin-cleansed, free from the pairs of opposites and without possessions, worthy of honor, these people are always respected by the wise and noble souls. (13-136-13)
चन्दने मलपङ्के च भोजनेऽभोजने समाः। समं येषां दुकूलं च शाणक्षौमाजिनानि च ॥१३-१३६-१४॥
candane malapaṅke ca bhojane'bhojane samāḥ। samaṃ yeṣāṃ dukūlaṃ ca śāṇakṣaumājināni ca ॥13-136-14॥
[चन्दने (candane) - in sandalwood; मलपङ्के (malapaṅke) - in filth and mud; च (ca) - and; भोजने (bhojane) - in eating; अभोजने (abhojane) - in not eating; समाः (samāḥ) - equal; समं (samaṃ) - equally; येषां (yeṣāṃ) - whose; दुकूलं (dukūlaṃ) - silk cloth; च (ca) - and; शाण (śāṇa) - linen; क्षौम (kṣauma) - cotton; अजिनानि (ajināni) - deerskins; च (ca) - and;]
(In sandalwood, in filth and mud, and in eating, in not eating, equal; equally whose silk cloth and linen, cotton, deerskins and;)
Those for whom sandalwood and filth, eating and not eating, silk cloth, linen, cotton, and deerskins are all equal— (13-136-14)
तिष्ठेयुरप्यभुञ्जाना बहूनि दिवसान्यपि। शोषयेयुश्च गात्राणि स्वाध्यायैः संयतेन्द्रियाः ॥१३-१३६-१५॥
tiṣṭheyuḥ apy abhuñjānā bahūni divasāni api। śoṣayeyuś ca gātrāṇi svādhyāyaiḥ saṃyatendriyāḥ ॥13-136-15॥
[तिष्ठेयुः (tiṣṭheyuḥ) - they might remain; अपि (api) - even; अभुञ्जानाः (abhuñjānāḥ) - not eating; बहूनि (bahūni) - many; दिवसानि (divasāni) - days; अपि (api) - even; शोषयेयुः (śoṣayeyuḥ) - they might dry up; च (ca) - and; गात्राणि (gātrāṇi) - bodies; स्वाध्यायैः (svādhyāyaiḥ) - by self-study (of the Vedas); संयत-इन्द्रियाः (saṃyata-indriyāḥ) - those whose senses are restrained;]
(They might remain even not eating for many days, and might dry up their bodies by self-study, those whose senses are restrained.)
Those with restrained senses could remain without eating for many days, and by self-study could wither their bodies. (13-136-15)
अदैवं दैवतं कुर्युर्दैवतं चाप्यदैवतम्। लोकानन्यान्सृजेयुश्च लोकपालांश्च कोपिताः ॥१३-१३६-१६॥
adaivaṁ daivataṁ kuryur daivataṁ cāpy adaivatam। lokān anyān sṛjeyuś ca lokapālāṁś ca kopitāḥ ॥13-136-16॥
[अदैवं (adaivaṁ) - not-divine; दैवतं (daivataṁ) - divine; god; deity; कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they might make; दैवतं (daivataṁ) - divine; god; deity; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; indeed; अदैवतम् (adaivatam) - not-divine; non-divine; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; अन्यान् (anyān) - other; सृजेयुः (sṛjeyuḥ) - they might create; च (ca) - and; लोकपालान् (lokapālān) - guardians of the worlds; च (ca) - and; कोपिताः (kopitāḥ) - enraged; angered;]
(Not-divine as divine they might make, and divine also as not-divine. Worlds other they might create and the guardians of worlds and, if enraged.)
Enraged, they might treat the non-divine as divine and the divine as non-divine; they might even create other worlds and their guardians. (13-136-16)
अपेयः सागरो येषामभिशापान्महात्मनाम्। येषां कोपाग्निरद्यापि दण्डके नोपशाम्यति ॥१३-१३६-१७॥
apeyaḥ sāgaro yeṣām abhiśāpān mahātmanām। yeṣāṃ kopāgnir adyāpi daṇḍake nopashāmyati॥13-136-17॥
[अपेयः (apeyaḥ) - not to be drunk; undrinkable; सागरः (sāgaraḥ) - the ocean; येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom; अभिशापान् (abhiśāpān) - curses; महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled; येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; कोप-अग्निः (kopa-agniḥ) - fire of anger; अद्यापि (adyāpi) - even today; still; दण्डके (daṇḍake) - in Daṇḍaka (forest); न (na) - not; उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - is calmed; is pacified;]
(Undrinkable ocean of whom by curses of great-souled; of whom the fire of anger even today in Daṇḍaka is not calmed.)
The ocean became undrinkable by the curses of great souls, and the fire of whose anger in the Daṇḍaka forest even today is not pacified. (13-136-17)
देवानामपि ये देवाः कारणं कारणस्य च। प्रमाणस्य प्रमाणं च कस्तानभिभवेद्बुधः ॥१३-१३६-१८॥
devānām api ye devāḥ kāraṇaṃ kāraṇasya ca। pramāṇasya pramāṇaṃ ca kas tān abhibhaved budhaḥ॥13-136-18॥
[देवानाम् (devānām) - of the gods; अपि (api) - even; ये (ye) - who; देवाः (devāḥ) - gods; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; कारणस्य (kāraṇasya) - of the cause; च (ca) - and; प्रमाणस्य (pramāṇasya) - of the standard (authority); प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - standard (authority); च (ca) - and; कः (kaḥ) - who; तान् (tān) - them; अभिभवेत् (abhibhavet) - could overcome; बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise one;]
(Even of the gods, who (are) gods, the cause of the cause, and the standard of the standard, and who could overcome them, a wise one?)
Who could overcome those gods, who are themselves the gods of the gods, the cause of the cause, and the authority of the authority, even for a wise person? (13-136-18)
येषां वृद्धश्च बालश्च सर्वः संमानमर्हति। तपोविद्याविशेषात्तु मानयन्ति परस्परम् ॥१३-१३६-१९॥
yeṣāṃ vṛddhaś ca bālaś ca sarvaḥ saṃmānam arhati। tapo-vidyā-viśeṣāt tu mānayanti parasparam ॥13-136-19॥
[येषां (yeṣām) - of whom; वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - the elder; च (ca) - and; बालः (bālaḥ) - the child; च (ca) - and; सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - everyone; संमानम् (saṃmānam) - respect; अर्हति (arhati) - deserves; तपोविद्याविशेषात् (tapo-vidyā-viśeṣāt) - on account of distinction in austerity and knowledge; तु (tu) - but; मानयन्ति (mānayanti) - they honor; परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other;]
(Of whom the elder and the child and everyone deserves respect. But on account of distinction in austerity and knowledge, they honor each other.)
Among whom the elder and the child and everyone deserves respect, but by reason of distinction in austerity and knowledge, they honor one another. (13-136-19)
अविद्वान्ब्राह्मणो देवः पात्रं वै पावनं महत्। विद्वान्भूयस्तरो देवः पूर्णसागरसंनिभः ॥१३-१३६-२०॥
avidvān brāhmaṇo devaḥ pātraṃ vai pāvanaṃ mahat। vidvān bhūyas-taro devaḥ pūrṇasāgarasaṃnibhaḥ ॥13-136-20॥
[अविद्वान् (avidvān) - ignorant (one not possessing knowledge); ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; priestly man; देवः (devaḥ) - deity; divine; पात्रम् (pātram) - vessel; वै (vai) - indeed; पावनम् (pāvanam) - purifying; महत् (mahat) - great; विद्वान् (vidvān) - one possessing knowledge; learned; भूयस्तरः (bhūyas-taraḥ) - greater; superior; देवः (devaḥ) - deity; divine; पूर्णसागरसंनिभः (pūrṇasāgarasaṃnibhaḥ) - like a full ocean; comparable to a complete ocean;]
(An ignorant brāhmaṇa (is) a deity, (like) a vessel indeed, purifying, great. A learned (one) (is) a greater deity, comparable to a full ocean.)
An ignorant brāhmaṇa is like a great, purifying vessel—divine, but a learned brāhmaṇa is a greater deity, like a full ocean. (13-136-20)
अविद्वांश्चैव विद्वांश्च ब्राह्मणो दैवतं महत्। प्रणीतश्चाप्रणीतश्च यथाग्निर्दैवतं महत् ॥१३-१३६-२१॥
avidvāṃścaiva vidvāṃśca brāhmaṇo daivataṃ mahat। praṇītaścāpraṇītaśca yathāgnirdaivataṃ mahat ॥13-136-21॥
[अविद्वान् (avidvān) - one who is unlearned; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; विद्वान् (vidvān) - one who is learned; च (ca) - and; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa; दैवतम् (daivatam) - divine entity; महत् (mahat) - great; प्रणीतः (praṇītaḥ) - well-offered (well-preserved or tended); च (ca) - and; अप्रणीतः (apraṇītaḥ) - not well-offered (not well-preserved); च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - just as; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; दैवतम् (daivatam) - divine entity; महत् (mahat) - great;]
(Unlearned and indeed learned, and Brāhmaṇa is a great divine entity. Well-offered and not well-offered, just as fire is a great divine entity.)
Both the unlearned and the learned Brāhmaṇa are regarded as great divine beings. Whether well-tended or not, just as fire is always a great divinity. (13-136-21)
श्मशाने ह्यपि तेजस्वी पावको नैव दुष्यति। हविर्यज्ञेषु च वहन्भूय एवाभिशोभते ॥१३-१३६-२२॥
śmaśāne hy api tejasvī pāvako naiva duṣyati। havir-yajñeṣu ca vahan bhūya evābhiśobhate॥13-136-22॥
[श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in the cremation ground; हि (hi) - indeed; अपि (api) - even; तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - fiery; पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - at all; दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes defiled; हविः (haviḥ) - offering (oblations); यज्ञेषु (yajñeṣu) - in sacrifices; च (ca) - and; वहन् (vahan) - carrying; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; एव (eva) - verily; अभिशोभते (abhiśobhate) - shines forth;]
(In the cremation ground indeed even the fiery fire does not at all become defiled; carrying offerings in sacrifices and again verily shines forth.)
Even in a cremation ground, the fiery fire is never tainted; and when it carries offerings in sacrifices, it shines forth ever more. (13-136-22)
एवं यद्यप्यनिष्टेषु वर्तते सर्वकर्मसु। सर्वथा ब्राह्मणो मान्यो दैवतं विद्धि तत्परम् ॥१३-१३६-२३॥
evaṃ yadyapy aniṣṭeṣu vartate sarvakarmasu। sarvathā brāhmaṇo mānyo daivataṃ viddhi tatparam ॥13-136-23॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even if; अनिष्टेषु (aniṣṭeṣu) - in undesired (things); वर्तते (vartate) - acts; सर्वकर्मसु (sarvakarmasu) - in all actions; सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brāhmaṇa; मान्यः (mānyaḥ) - is to be honored; दैवतम् (daivatam) - divine being; विद्धि (viddhi) - know; तत् (tat) - that; परम् (param) - supreme;]
(Thus, even if (he) acts in undesired (things) in all actions, in every way a Brāhmaṇa is to be honored; know (him as) a divine being, that (is) supreme.)
Thus, even though a Brāhmaṇa acts in all actions, even in undesired ones, in all respects the Brāhmaṇa is to be honored; know that divine being as supreme. (13-136-23)
