13.146
वासुदेव उवाच॥
Vāsudeva said.
युधिष्ठिर महाबाहो महाभाग्यं महात्मनः। रुद्राय बहुरूपाय बहुनाम्ने निबोध मे ॥१३-१४६-१॥
O Yudhiṣṭhira, mighty-armed one of great fortune and great soul, listen from me about Rudra, who has many forms and many names. (13-146-1)
वदन्त्यग्निं महादेवं तथा स्थाणुं महेश्वरम्। एकाक्षं त्र्यम्बकं चैव विश्वरूपं शिवं तथा ॥१३-१४६-२॥
They call Agni, the great god, Sthāṇu, Maheśvara, the one-eyed, the three-eyed, the universal form, and also Śiva. (13-146-2)
द्वे तनू तस्य देवस्य वेदज्ञा ब्राह्मणा विदुः। घोरामन्यां शिवामन्यां ते तनू बहुधा पुनः ॥१३-१४६-३॥
The knowers of the Veda, the Brāhmaṇas, know two forms of that god: one is terrible, another is auspicious; those forms again (manifest) in many ways. (13-146-3)
उग्रा घोरा तनूर्यास्य सोऽग्निर्विद्युत्स भास्करः। शिवा सौम्या च या तस्य धर्मस्त्वापोऽथ चन्द्रमाः ॥१३-१४६-४॥
His form is fierce and terrible; he is Agni, lightning, and the sun. She is auspicious and gentle—his law, the waters, and the moon. (13-146-4)
आत्मनोऽर्धं तु तस्याग्निरुच्यते भरतर्षभ। ब्रह्मचर्यं चरत्येष शिवा यास्य तनुस्तथा ॥१३-१४६-५॥
O bull among the Bharatas, the half of his self is said to be Agni; in the same way, Śivā, whose body this is, practices celibacy. (13-146-5)
यास्य घोरतमा मूर्तिर्जगत्संहरते तया। ईश्वरत्वान्महत्त्वाच्च महेश्वर इति स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-६॥
He whose most terrible form destroys the world by her is called the Great Lord because of his lordship and greatness. (13-146-6)
यन्निर्दहति यत्तीक्ष्णो यदुग्रो यत्प्रतापवान्। मांसशोणितमज्जादो यत्ततो रुद्र उच्यते ॥१३-१४६-७॥
That which burns, is sharp, fierce, powerful, and devours flesh, blood, and marrow; therefore, he is called Rudra. (13-146-7)
देवानां सुमहान्यच्च यच्चास्य विषयो महान्। यच्च विश्वं महत्पाति महादेवस्ततः स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-८॥
Because among the gods, that which is very great, and his domain which is great, and because Mahādeva protects the great universe, therefore he is called so. (13-146-8)
समेधयति यन्नित्यं सर्वार्थान्सर्वकर्मभिः। शिवमिच्छन्मनुष्याणां तस्मादेष शिवः स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-९॥
He who always furthers all purposes through every action and desires the welfare of men—therefore, he is called Śiva. (13-146-9)
दहत्यूर्ध्वं स्थितो यच्च प्राणोत्पत्तिः स्थितिश्च यत्। स्थिरलिङ्गश्च यन्नित्यं तस्मात्स्थाणुरिति स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-१०॥
He who burns upward, who is ever situated, who is the origin and sustenance of life-breath, whose sign is ever stable—therefore, he is called 'Sthāṇu' (the Steadfast). (13-146-10)
यदस्य बहुधा रूपं भूतं भव्यं भवत्तथा। स्थावरं जङ्गमं चैव बहुरूपस्ततः स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-११॥
He, whose forms are many—which are what has been, what will be, and what is; encompassing both the immobile and the mobile—is therefore remembered as the one of many forms. (13-146-11)
धूम्रं रूपं च यत्तस्य धूर्जटीत्यत उच्यते। विश्वे देवाश्च यत्तस्मिन्विश्वरूपस्ततः स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-१२॥
He whose form is smoky, for that reason he is called Dhūrjaṭī. Since all the gods are present in him, he is called the Universal Form. (13-146-12)
सहस्राक्षोऽयुताक्षो वा सर्वतोक्षिमयोऽपि वा। चक्षुषः प्रभवस्तेजो नास्त्यन्तोऽथास्य चक्षुषाम् ॥१३-१४६-१३॥
He is thousand-eyed, ten-thousand-eyed, or even composed entirely of eyes on every side; there is no end to the radiance and source of his eyes. (13-146-13)
सर्वथा यत्पशून्पाति तैश्च यद्रमते पुनः। तेषामधिपतिर्यच्च तस्मात्पशुपतिः स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-१४॥
He who in every way protects creatures, and again delights in them, who is their lord—therefore he is called "Paśupati" (Lord of creatures). (13-146-14)
नित्येन ब्रह्मचर्येण लिङ्गमस्य यदा स्थितम्। महयन्त्यस्य लोकाश्च महेश्वर इति स्मृतः ॥१३-१४६-१५॥
When the liṅga of him remains through perpetual brahmacarya, the worlds and Maheśvara honor him; therefore, he is called thus. (13-146-15)
विग्रहं पूजयेद्यो वै लिङ्गं वापि महात्मनः। लिङ्गं पूजयिता नित्यं महतीं श्रियमश्नुते ॥१३-१४६-१६॥
Whoever worships either the form or the liṅga of the great-souled one, and always worships the liṅga, attains abundant prosperity. (13-146-16)
ऋषयश्चापि देवाश्च गन्धर्वाप्सरसस्तथा। लिङ्गमेवार्चयन्ति स्म यत्तदूर्ध्वं समास्थितम् ॥१३-१४६-१७॥
Seers, gods, gandharvas, and apsarases similarly worshipped only the liṅga which was established upright. (13-146-17)
पूज्यमाने ततस्तस्मिन्मोदते स महेश्वरः। सुखं ददाति प्रीतात्मा भक्तानां भक्तवत्सलः ॥१३-१४६-१८॥
When thus worshipped, the great lord becomes pleased and joyfully grants happiness to his devotees, being ever affectionate toward them. (13-146-18)
एष एव श्मशानेषु देवो वसति नित्यशः। यजन्ते तं जनास्तत्र वीरस्थाननिषेविणम् ॥१३-१४६-१९॥
This very god always dwells in the cremation grounds. There, people worship him as the one who frequents the places of heroes. (13-146-19)
विषमस्थः शरीरेषु स मृत्युः प्राणिनामिह। स च वायुः शरीरेषु प्राणोऽपानः शरीरिणाम् ॥१३-१४६-२०॥
Here, when present in imbalance in the bodies, he is death to living beings. That same force, as air in bodies, is both the prāṇa and apāna (vital and downward breaths) of embodied beings. (13-146-20)
तस्य घोराणि रूपाणि दीप्तानि च बहूनि च। लोके यान्यस्य पूज्यन्ते विप्रास्तानि विदुर्बुधाः ॥१३-१४६-२१॥
The brāhmaṇas, the wise, know those terrible, shining, and many forms of him which are worshipped in the world. (13-146-21)
नामधेयानि वेदेषु बहून्यस्य यथार्थतः। निरुच्यन्ते महत्त्वाच्च विभुत्वात्कर्मभिस्तथा ॥१३-१४६-२२॥
Many names of him are truly explained in the Vedas because of his greatness, pervasiveness, and actions, thus. (13-146-22)
वेदे चास्य विदुर्विप्राः शतरुद्रीयमुत्तमम्। व्यासादनन्तरं यच्चाप्युपस्थानं महात्मनः ॥१३-१४६-२३॥
In the Veda, the sages know of him the supreme Śatarudriya hymn. After Vyāsa, immediately following, and also the attendance (to) the great-souled one. (13-146-23)
प्रदाता सर्वलोकानां विश्वं चाप्युच्यते महत्। ज्येष्ठभूतं वदन्त्येनं ब्राह्मणा ऋषयोऽपरे ॥१३-१४६-२४॥
He who is the giver of all worlds, and whom the universe also is called the Great, him the Brāhmaṇas and other sages call the eldest being. (13-146-24)
प्रथमो ह्येष देवानां मुखादग्निरजायत। ग्रहैर्बहुविधैः प्राणान्संरुद्धानुत्सृजत्यपि ॥१३-१४६-२५॥
This Agni first indeed arose from the mouth of the gods. He also releases the vital breaths restrained by the many kinds of planets. (13-146-25)
स मोचयति पुण्यात्मा शरण्यः शरणागतान्। आयुरारोग्यमैश्वर्यं वित्तं कामांश्च पुष्कलान् ॥१३-१४६-२६॥
He, the virtuous-souled protector, releases those who have sought refuge and grants them life, health, sovereignty, wealth, and abundant fulfillment of desires. (13-146-26)
स ददाति मनुष्येभ्यः स एवाक्षिपते पुनः। शक्रादिषु च देवेषु तस्य चैश्वर्यमुच्यते ॥१३-१४६-२७॥
He gives to humans and he himself takes it away again; among Indra and the other gods, his sovereignty is proclaimed. (13-146-27)
स एवाभ्यधिको नित्यं त्रैलोक्यस्य शुभाशुभे। ऐश्वर्याच्चैव कामानामीश्वरः पुनरुच्यते ॥१३-१४६-२८॥
He alone is always superior in both good and bad affairs of the three worlds; by his sovereignty and as the lord of desires, he is again called the master. (13-146-28)
महेश्वरश्च लोकानां महतामीश्वरश्च सः। बहुभिर्विविधै रूपैर्विश्वं व्याप्तमिदं जगत् ॥ तस्य देवस्य यद्वक्त्रं समुद्रे वडवामुखम् ॥१३-१४६-२९॥
He is the great lord, the ruler of the worlds and of the mighty; by many and various forms, he pervades this universe, this world. Of that god, the mouth which is in the ocean is called the Mare's mouth. (13-146-29)
