14.037
ब्रह्मोवाच॥
Brahma said.
रजोऽहं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि याथातथ्येन सत्तमाः। निबोधत महाभागा गुणवृत्तं च सर्वशः ॥१४-३७-१॥
O best among beings, I shall explain to you the nature of rajas as it truly is; O highly fortunate ones, know fully the function of the guṇa. (14-37-1)
सङ्घातो रूपमायासः सुखदुःखे हिमातपौ। ऐश्वर्यं विग्रहः सन्धिर्हेतुवादोऽरतिः क्षमा ॥१४-३७-२॥
Aggregate, form, effort, pleasure and pain, cold and heat, sovereignty, conflict, union, reasoning about cause, displeasure, forgiveness. (14-37-2)
बलं शौर्यं मदो रोषो व्यायामकलहावपि। ईर्ष्येप्सा पैशुनं युद्धं ममत्वं परिपालनम् ॥१४-३७-३॥
Strength, valor, pride, anger, physical exertion, quarrel, envy, desire, maliciousness, battle, the sense of mine, and protection. (14-37-3)
वधबन्धपरिक्लेशाः क्रयो विक्रय एव च। निकृन्त छिन्धि भिन्धीति परमर्मावकर्तनम् ॥१४-३७-४॥
Killing, binding, severe afflictions, buying, and selling, as well as the commands 'cut off', 'split', 'break': all these constitute an injury to the vital organs. (14-37-4)
उग्रं दारुणमाक्रोशः परवित्तानुशासनम्। लोकचिन्ता विचिन्ता च मत्सरः परिभाषणम् ॥१४-३७-५॥
Fierceness, cruelty, loud abuse, reprimanding regarding others' wealth, worrying about the world, overthinking, envy, and speaking ill are described here. (14-37-5)
मृषावादो मृषादानं विकल्पः परिभाषणम्। निन्दा स्तुतिः प्रशंसा च प्रतापः परितर्पणम् ॥१४-३७-६॥
False statement, false giving, option, definition, reproach, praise, commendation and valor, and complete satisfaction (are described here). (14-37-6)
परिचर्या च शुश्रूषा सेवा तृष्णा व्यपाश्रयः। व्यूहोऽनयः प्रमादश्च परितापः परिग्रहः ॥१४-३७-७॥
Attendance, obedience, servitude, desire, dependence, arrangement, misconduct, negligence, remorse, and possession. (14-37-7)
संस्कारा ये च लोकेऽस्मिन्प्रवर्तन्ते पृथक्पृथक्। नृषु नारीषु भूतेषु द्रव्येषु शरणेषु च ॥१४-३७-८॥
The impressions which operate individually in this world—in men, in women, in beings, in objects, and in refuges.
सन्तापोऽप्रत्ययश्चैव व्रतानि नियमाश्च ये। प्रदानमाशीर्युक्तं च सततं मे भवत्विति ॥१४-३७-९॥
May austerity, freedom from expectation, vows and observances, and gifts accompanied by blessings always be present for me. (14-37-9)
स्वधाकारो नमस्कारः स्वाहाकारो वषट्क्रिया। याजनाध्यापने चोभे तथैवाहुः परिग्रहम् ॥१४-३७-१०॥
The utterance of svadhā is considered as obeisance; the utterance of svāhā is regarded as the act of vaṣaṭ; both performing sacrifice for others and teaching the Vedas, in the same way, are said to be forms of accepting gifts. (14-37-10)
इदं मे स्यादिदं मे स्यात्स्नेहो गुणसमुद्भवः। अभिद्रोहस्तथा माया निकृतिर्मान एव च ॥१४-३७-११॥
The thought, "This may be mine, this may be mine," and attachment spring from the guṇas; enmity, as well as deceit, fraud, and also pride, (all these arise thus). (14-37-11)
स्तैन्यं हिंसा परीवादः परितापः प्रजागरः। स्तम्भो दम्भोऽथ रागश्च भक्तिः प्रीतिः प्रमोदनम् ॥१४-३७-१२॥
Theft, violence, slander, remorse, sleeplessness, numbness, hypocrisy, passion, devotion, affection, and delight. (14-37-12)
द्यूतं च जनवादश्च सम्बन्धाः स्त्रीकृताश्च ये। नृत्तवादित्रगीतानि प्रसङ्गा ये च केचन ॥ सर्व एते गुणा विप्रा राजसाः सम्प्रकीर्तिताः ॥१४-३७-१३॥
Gambling, public gossip, relationships, women's pursuits, dance, music, song, and various attachments—O brāhmaṇas, all these are said to be qualities arising from the mode of passion. (14-37-13)
भूतभव्यभविष्याणां भावानां भुवि भावनाः। त्रिवर्गनिरता नित्यं धर्मोऽर्थः काम इत्यपि ॥१४-३७-१४॥
In the world, meditations are performed on events of the past, present, and future; always devoted to the three aims—dharma, artha, and kāma—thus as well. (14-37-14)
कामवृत्ताः प्रमोदन्ते सर्वकामसमृद्धिभिः। अर्वाक्स्रोतस इत्येते तैजसा रजसावृताः ॥१४-३७-१५॥
Those governed by desire rejoice in the fulfillment of every desire. These, called 'arvāksrotas' (with downward-flowing current), are tejas-constituted and enveloped by rajas. (14-37-15)
अस्मिँल्लोके प्रमोदन्ते जायमानाः पुनः पुनः। प्रेत्यभाविकमीहन्त इह लौकिकमेव च ॥ ददति प्रतिगृह्णन्ति जपन्त्यथ च जुह्वति ॥१४-३७-१६॥
People in this world rejoice in being born repeatedly; they desire both what comes after death and worldly things here. They give and receive, recite (mantras), and also perform offerings. (14-37-16)
रजोगुणा वो बहुधानुकीर्तिता; यथावदुक्तं गुणवृत्तमेव च। नरो हि यो वेद गुणानिमान्सदा; स राजसैः सर्वगुणैर्विमुच्यते ॥१४-३७-१७॥
The qualities of rajas have been described to you in many ways; as appropriate, their qualities and actions have also been stated. Indeed, the man who always knows these qualities is freed from all qualities of rajas. (14-37-17)
