Chapter 15: Pāṇḍu becomes king; Gāndhārī marries Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Kuntī and Mādrī marry Pāṇḍu.
kiṁ kr̥taṁ karma dharmēṇa yēna śāpamupēyivān । kasya śāpācca brahmarṣē śūdrayōnāvajāyata ॥BORI: 1-101-1॥
What deed did Dharma commit that brought a curse upon him? And by whose curse, O Brahmarṣi, was he born from a Śūdra womb? (BORI: 1-101-1)
[PV-OTH:01_015_1]
babhūva brāhmaṇaḥ kaścinmāṇḍavya iti viśrutaḥ । dhr̥timānsarvadharmajñaḥ satyē tapasi ca sthitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-2॥
There was a certain Brahmin, renowned as Māṇḍavya, who was steadfast, knew all the laws of dharma, and was devoted to truth and austerity. (BORI: 1-101-2)
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sa āśramapadadvāri vr̥kṣamūlē mahātapāḥ । ūrdhvabāhurmahāyōgī tasthau maunavratānvitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-3॥
That great ascetic and mighty yogin stood beneath a tree at the entrance to his hermitage, his arms raised, observing a vow of silence. (BORI: 1-101-3)
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tasya kālēna mahatā tasmiṁstapasi tiṣṭhataḥ । tamāśramapadaṁ prāptā dasyavō lōptrahāriṇaḥ । anusāryamāṇā bahubhī rakṣibhirbharatarṣabha ॥BORI: 1-101-4॥
After a long time, while he remained engaged in that austerity, robbers carrying plunder reached the hermitage, pursued by many guards, O bull of the Bharatas. (BORI: 1-101-4)
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tē tasyāvasathē lōptraṁ nidadhuḥ kurusattama । nidhāya ca bhayāllīnāstatraivānvāgatē balē ॥BORI: 1-101-5॥
They deposited the stolen goods in his dwelling, best of the Kurus, and then hid there in fear when the pursuing force arrived. (BORI: 1-101-5)
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tēṣu līnēṣvathō śīghraṁ tatastadrakṣiṇāṁ balam । ājagāma tatō’paśyaṁstamr̥ṣiṁ taskarānugāḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-6॥
Once they had hidden, the guards’ force quickly arrived; then the men pursuing the thieves saw the sage. (BORI: 1-101-6)
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tamapr̥cchaṁstatō rājaṁstathāvr̥ttaṁ tapōdhanam । katarēṇa pathā yātā dasyavō dvijasattama । tēna gacchāmahē brahmanpathā śīghrataraṁ vayam ॥BORI: 1-101-7॥
Then they asked the ascetic, who remained just as he was, “Best of Brahmins, by which road did the bandits go? Tell us, so that we may quickly follow that road.” (BORI: 1-101-7)
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tathā tu rakṣiṇāṁ tēṣāṁ bruvatāṁ sa tapōdhanaḥ । na kiñcidvacanaṁ rājannavadatsādhvasādhu vā ॥BORI: 1-101-8॥
But though the guards spoke to him in this way, O king, the ascetic said nothing at all, either good or bad. (BORI: 1-101-8)
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tatastē rājapuruṣā vicinvānāstadāśramam । dadr̥śustatra saṁlīnāṁstāṁścōrāndravyamēva ca ॥BORI: 1-101-9॥
Then the king’s men searched the hermitage and found the thieves hiding there, along with the stolen goods. (BORI: 1-101-9)
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tataḥ śaṅkā samabhavadrakṣiṇāṁ taṁ muniṁ prati । saṁyamyainaṁ tatō rājñē dasyūṁścaiva nyavēdayan ॥BORI: 1-101-10॥
The guards then became suspicious of the sage. They bound him and brought him and the robbers before the king. (BORI: 1-101-10)
[PV-OTH:01_015_10]
taṁ rājā saha taiścōrairanvaśādvadhyatāmiti । sa vadhyaghātairajñātaḥ śūlē prōtō mahātapāḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-11॥
The king ordered that he be executed along with those thieves. Not recognized by the executioners, the great ascetic was impaled on a stake. (BORI: 1-101-11)
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tatastē śūlamārōpya taṁ muniṁ rakṣiṇastadā । pratijagmurmahīpālaṁ dhanānyādāya tānyatha ॥BORI: 1-101-12॥
Then the guards impaled the sage and returned to the king, taking the stolen goods with them. (BORI: 1-101-12)
[PV-OTH:01_015_12]
śūlasthaḥ sa tu dharmātmā kālēna mahatā tataḥ । nirāhārō’pi viprarṣirmaraṇaṁ nābhyupāgamat । dhārayāmāsa ca prāṇānr̥ṣīṁśca samupānayat ॥BORI: 1-101-13॥
Though impaled, that righteous brahmin sage did not die, even after a long time without food. He sustained his life and caused the sages to gather around him. (BORI: 1-101-13)
[PV-OTH:01_015_13]
śūlāgrē tapyamānēna tapastēna mahātmanā । santāpaṁ paramaṁ jagmurmunayō’tha parantapa ॥BORI: 1-101-14॥
As that great-souled man suffered on the tip of the stake and continued his austerities, the sages became deeply distressed, O scorcher of foes. (BORI: 1-101-14)
[PV-OTH:01_015_14]
tē rātrau śakunā bhūtvā saṁnyavartanta sarvataḥ । darśayantō yathāśakti tamapr̥cchandvijōttamam । śrōtumicchāmahē brahmankiṁ pāpaṁ kr̥tavānasi ॥BORI: 1-101-15॥
At night they took the form of birds and gathered from every direction. Revealing themselves as best they could, they asked that foremost of the twice-born, “Brahmin, we wish to hear what sin you have committed.” (BORI: 1-101-15)
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tataḥ sa muniśārdūlastānuvāca tapōdhanān । dōṣataḥ kaṁ gamiṣyāmi na hi mē’nyō’parādhyati ॥BORI: 1-101-16॥
Then that tiger among sages said to those rich in austerities, “Whom shall I blame? No one else has wronged me.” (BORI: 1-101-16)
[PV-OTH:01_015_16]
rājā ca tamr̥ṣiṁ śrutvā niṣkramya saha mantribhiḥ । prasādayāmāsa tadā śūlasthamr̥ṣisattamam ॥BORI: 1-101-17॥
When the king heard of the sage, he went out with his ministers and sought the forgiveness of that eminent sage, who was still impaled. (BORI: 1-101-17)
[PV-OTH:01_015_17]
yanmayāpakr̥taṁ mōhādajñānādr̥ṣisattama । prasādayē tvāṁ tatrāhaṁ na mē tvaṁ krōddhumarhasi ॥BORI: 1-101-18॥
“Best of sages, whatever wrong I did to you through delusion and ignorance, I ask your forgiveness for it. You should not be angry with me.” (BORI: 1-101-18)
[PV-OTH:01_015_18]
ēvamuktastatō rājñā prasādamakarōnmuniḥ । kr̥taprasādō rājā taṁ tataḥ samavatārayat ॥BORI: 1-101-19॥
Thus addressed by the king, the sage forgave him. Once the sage had granted his pardon, the king brought him down. (BORI: 1-101-19)
[PV-OTH:01_015_19]
avatārya ca śūlāgrāttacchūlaṁ niścakarṣa ha । aśaknuvaṁśca niṣkraṣṭuṁ śūlaṁ mūlē sa cicchidē ॥BORI: 1-101-20॥
After taking him down from the tip of the stake, he tried to pull it out. Unable to extract it, he cut the stake off at its base. (BORI: 1-101-20)
[PV-OTH:01_015_20]
sa tathāntargatēnaiva śūlēna vyacaranmuniḥ । sa tēna tapasā lōkānvijigyē durlabhānparaiḥ । aṇīmāṇḍavya iti ca tatō lōkēṣu kathyatē ॥BORI: 1-101-21॥
The sage went about with the stake still lodged within him. Through that austerity he conquered worlds unattainable by others, and thereafter he became known throughout the worlds as Aṇīmāṇḍavya. (BORI: 1-101-21)
[PV-OTH:01_015_21]
sa gatvā sadanaṁ viprō dharmasya paramārthavit । āsanasthaṁ tatō dharmaṁ dr̥ṣṭvōpālabhata prabhuḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-22॥
The Brahmin, a knower of the highest truth, went to Dharma’s abode. There the powerful sage saw Dharma seated and reproached him. (BORI: 1-101-22)
[PV-OTH:01_015_22]
kiṁ nu tadduṣkr̥taṁ karma mayā kr̥tamajānatā । yasyēyaṁ phalanirvr̥ttirīdr̥śyāsāditā mayā । śīghramācakṣva mē tattvaṁ paśya mē tapasō balam ॥BORI: 1-101-23॥
What evil deed did I unknowingly commit, for which I have suffered such a consequence? Tell me the truth at once—behold the power of my austerities! (BORI: 1-101-23)
[PV-OTH:01_015_23]
pataṅgakānāṁ pucchēṣu tvayēṣīkā pravēśitā । karmaṇastasya tē prāptaṁ phalamētattapōdhana ॥BORI: 1-101-24॥
You stuck blades of grass into the tails of small insects; this is the consequence you have incurred for that deed, O ascetic. (BORI: 1-101-24)
[PV-OTH:01_015_24]
alpē’parādhē vipulō mama daṇḍastvayā kr̥taḥ । śūdrayōnāvatō dharma mānuṣaḥ sambhaviṣyasi ॥BORI: 1-101-25॥
For a slight offense, you inflicted a severe punishment upon me. Therefore, Dharma, you will be born as a human in a Shudra womb. (BORI: 1-101-25)
[PV-OTH:01_015_25]
maryādāṁ sthāpayāmyadya lōkē dharmaphalōdayām । ā caturdaśamādvarṣānna bhaviṣyati pātakam । parēṇa kurvatāmēvaṁ dōṣa ēva bhaviṣyati ॥BORI: 1-101-26॥
Today I establish a rule in the world that will determine the arising of the fruits of dharma: until the age of fourteen, an act will not be sinful; thereafter, those who act in this way will indeed incur guilt. (BORI: 1-101-26)
[PV-OTH:01_015_26]
ētēna tvaparādhēna śāpāttasya mahātmanaḥ । dharmō vidurarūpēṇa śūdrayōnāvajāyata ॥BORI: 1-101-27॥
Because of this transgression and the curse of that great-souled man, Dharma was born in a Shudra womb in the form of Vidura. (BORI: 1-101-27)
[PV-OTH:01_015_27]
dharmē cārthē ca kuśalō lōbhakrōdhavivarjitaḥ । dīrghadarśī śamaparaḥ kurūṇāṁ ca hitē rataḥ ॥BORI: 1-101-28॥
Skilled in matters of dharma and statecraft, free from greed and anger, farsighted, devoted to tranquility, and intent on the welfare of the Kurus. (BORI: 1-101-28)
[PV-OTH:01_015_28]
sa tīrthayātrāṁ vicarannājagāma yadr̥cchayā । saṁnikr̥ṣṭāni tīrthāni grāmāṇāṁ yāni kāni ca । tatrāśramapadaṁ kr̥tvā vasati sma mahāmuniḥ ॥KUMB: 1-116-3॥
While traveling on pilgrimage, he happened upon various sacred sites near the villages. The great sage established a hermitage there and dwelt in it. (KUMB: 1-116-3)
[PV-SVO:01_015_29]
anusāryamāṇā bahubhī rakṣibhirbharatarṣabha । tāmēva vasatiṁ jagmustē grāmāllōptrahāriṇaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-116-6॥
Pursued by many guards, O bull of the Bharatas, those robbers carrying their plunder left the village and went to that very dwelling. (KUMB: 1-116-6)
[PV-SVO:01_015_30]
śrōtumicchāmahē brahmankiṁ pāpaṁ kr̥tavānasi । yēnēha samanuprāptaṁ śūlē duḥkhabhayaṁ mahat ॥KUMB: 1-116-19; NILA: 01.107.017॥
We wish to hear, Brahmin: what sin did you commit, because of which you have met with such great suffering and terror here upon the stake? (KUMB: 1-116-19; NILA: 01.107.017)
[PV-SVO:01_015_31]
taṁ dr̥ṣṭvā rakṣiṇastatra tathā bahutithē’hani । nyavēdayaṁstathā rājñē yathāvr̥ttaṁ narādhipa ॥KUMB: 1-117-2; NILA: 01.108.002॥
After many days, the guards saw him there in that condition and reported to the king exactly what had happened, O ruler of men. (KUMB: 1-117-2; NILA: 01.108.002)
[PV-SVO:01_015_32]
sa tathāntargatēnaiva śūlēna vyacaranmuniḥ । kaṇṭhapārśvāntarasthēna śaṅkunā munirācat । puṣpabhājanadhārī syāditi cintāparō’bhavat ॥KUMB: 1-117-7॥
Thus the sage wandered about with the stake still embedded in him. With the spike lodged between his throat and side, he moved about, absorbed in the thought, “It could support a vessel of flowers.” (KUMB: 1-117-7)
[PV-SVO:01_015_33]
svalpamēva yathā dattaṁ dānaṁ bahuguṇaṁ bhavēt । adharma ēvaṁ viprarṣē bahuduḥkhaphalapradaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-117-13; NILA: 01.108.012॥
Just as even a small gift, once given, becomes many times greater, so wrongdoing, O Brahmin sage, yields the fruit of great suffering. (KUMB: 1-117-13; NILA: 01.108.012)
[PV-SVO:01_015_34]
kasminkālē mayā tattu kr̥taṁ brūhi yathātatham । tēnōktaṁ dharmarājēna bālabhāvē tvayā kr̥tam ॥KUMB: 1-117-14; NILA: 01.108.013॥
“Tell me exactly when I did that.” Dharma-rāja replied, “You did it in childhood.” (KUMB: 1-117-14; NILA: 01.108.013)
[PV-SVO:01_015_35]
bālō hi dvādaśādvarṣājjanmatō yatkariṣyati । na bhaviṣyatyadharmō’tra na prajñāsyati vai diśaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-117-15; NILA: 01.108.014॥
Indeed, whatever a child does from birth until the age of twelve entails no wrongdoing, for he does not yet know one direction from another. (KUMB: 1-117-15; NILA: 01.108.014)
[PV-SVO:01_015_36]
alpē’parādhē’pi mahānmama daṇḍastvayā dhr̥taḥ । garīyānbrāhmaṇavadhaḥ sarvabhūtavadhādapi ॥KUMB: 1-117-16; NILA: 01.108.015॥
For even a minor offense, you imposed a severe punishment on me. Killing a Brahmin is graver than killing all other beings. (KUMB: 1-117-16; NILA: 01.108.015)
[PV-SVO:01_015_37]
tēṣu triṣu kumārēṣu jātēṣu kurujāṅgalam । kuravō’tha kurukṣētraṁ trayamētadavardhata ॥BORI: 1-102-1॥
When these three princes were born, Kuru-jangala, the Kurus, and Kurukshetra—all three prospered. (BORI: 1-102-1)
[PV-OTH:01_015_38]
ūrdhvasasyābhavadbhūmiḥ sasyāni phalavanti ca । yathartuvarṣī parjanyō bahupuṣpaphalā drumāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-2॥
The land bore abundant crops, and the crops were fruitful; Parjanya rained in due season, and the trees were laden with flowers and fruit. (BORI: 1-102-2)
[PV-OTH:01_015_39]
vāhanāni prahr̥ṣṭāni muditā mr̥gapakṣiṇaḥ । gandhavanti ca mālyāni rasavanti phalāni ca ॥BORI: 1-102-3॥
The draught animals were spirited, the beasts and birds rejoiced, garlands were fragrant, and fruits were full of flavor. (BORI: 1-102-3)
[PV-OTH:01_015_40]
vaṇigbhiścāvakīryanta nagarāṇyatha śilpibhiḥ । śūrāśca kr̥tavidyāśca santaśca sukhinō’bhavan ॥BORI: 1-102-4॥
The cities were thronged with merchants and artisans, while the brave, the learned, and the virtuous were happy. (BORI: 1-102-4)
[PV-OTH:01_015_41]
nābhavandasyavaḥ kēcinnādharmarucayō janāḥ । pradēśēṣvapi rāṣṭrāṇāṁ kr̥taṁ yugamavartata ॥BORI: 1-102-5॥
There were no bandits anywhere, nor any people inclined to unrighteousness. Even in the provinces of the kingdoms, the Kṛta Age prevailed. (BORI: 1-102-5)
[PV-OTH:01_015_42]
dānakriyādharmaśīlā yajñavrataparāyaṇāḥ । anyōnyaprītisaṁyuktā vyavardhanta prajāstadā ॥BORI: 1-102-6॥
The people then prospered, devoted to generosity, ritual, and righteousness, intent on sacrifices and vows, and united in mutual affection. (BORI: 1-102-6)
[PV-OTH:01_015_43]
mānakrōdhavihīnāśca janā lōbhavivarjitāḥ । anyōnyamabhyavardhanta dharmōttaramavartata ॥BORI: 1-102-7॥
Free from pride and anger and devoid of greed, the people fostered one another, and righteousness prevailed above all. (BORI: 1-102-7)
[PV-OTH:01_015_44]
tanmahōdadhivatpūrṇaṁ nagaraṁ vai vyarōcata । dvāratōraṇaniryūhairyuktamabhracayōpamaiḥ । prāsādaśatasambādhaṁ mahēndrapurasaṁnibham ॥BORI: 1-102-8॥
That city, full as the great ocean, shone resplendent, furnished with gateways, arches, and projecting balconies like masses of clouds, crowded with hundreds of palaces, and resembling the city of Mahendra. (BORI: 1-102-8)
[PV-OTH:01_015_45]
nadīṣu vanakhaṇḍēṣu vāpīpalvalasānuṣu । kānanēṣu ca ramyēṣu vijahrurmuditā janāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-9॥
Joyful people amused themselves by the rivers, in woodland groves, around ponds, marshes, and mountain slopes, and in delightful forests. (BORI: 1-102-9)
[PV-OTH:01_015_46]
uttaraiḥ kurubhiḥ sārdhaṁ dakṣiṇāḥ kuravastadā । vispardhamānā vyacaraṁstathā siddharṣicāraṇaiḥ । nābhavatkr̥paṇaḥ kaścinnābhavanvidhavāḥ striyaḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-10॥
At that time the southern Kurus lived in rivalry with the northern Kurus, and likewise with the Siddhas, seers, and Charanas. No one was destitute, and no women were widows. (BORI: 1-102-10)
[PV-OTH:01_015_47]
tasmiñjanapadē ramyē bahavaḥ kurubhiḥ kr̥tāḥ । kūpārāmasabhāvāpyō brāhmaṇāvasathāstathā । bhīṣmēṇa śāstratō rājansarvataḥ parirakṣitē ॥BORI: 1-102-11॥
In that delightful realm, protected on every side by Bhishma according to law, O king, the Kurus built many wells, gardens, assembly halls, reservoirs, and dwellings for Brahmins. (BORI: 1-102-11)
[PV-OTH:01_015_48]
babhūva ramaṇīyaśca caityayūpaśatāṅkitaḥ । sa dēśaḥ pararāṣṭrāṇi pratigr̥hyābhivardhitaḥ । bhīṣmēṇa vihitaṁ rāṣṭrē dharmacakramavartata ॥BORI: 1-102-12॥
That land became delightful, adorned with hundreds of shrines and sacrificial posts, and prospered by acquiring foreign territories. The wheel of dharma established by Bhishma turned within the kingdom. (BORI: 1-102-12)
[PV-OTH:01_015_49]
kriyamāṇēṣu kr̥tyēṣu kumārāṇāṁ mahātmanām । paurajānapadāḥ sarvē babhūvuḥ satatōtsavāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-13॥
As the ceremonies for the great-hearted princes were being performed, all the townspeople and country folk were in a state of constant celebration. (BORI: 1-102-13)
[PV-OTH:01_015_50]
gr̥hēṣu kurumukhyānāṁ paurāṇāṁ ca narādhipa । dīyatāṁ bhujyatāṁ cēti vācō’śrūyanta sarvaśaḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-14॥
In the homes of the foremost Kurus and of the townspeople, O king, cries of “Let gifts be given! Let the feast be enjoyed!” were heard everywhere. (BORI: 1-102-14)
[PV-OTH:01_015_51]
dhr̥tarāṣṭraśca pāṇḍuśca viduraśca mahāmatiḥ । janmaprabhr̥ti bhīṣmēṇa putravatparipālitāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-15॥
From birth, Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and the wise Vidura were cared for by Bhishma as though they were his own sons. (BORI: 1-102-15)
[PV-KDV:01_015_52]
saṁskāraiḥ saṁskr̥tāstē tu vratādhyayanasaṁyutāḥ । śramavyāyāmakuśalāḥ samapadyanta yauvanam ॥BORI: 1-102-16॥
Having undergone the prescribed rites, they devoted themselves to vows and study, became skilled in strenuous physical exercise, and reached manhood. (BORI: 1-102-16)
[PV-KDV:01_015_53]
dhanurvēdē’śvapr̥ṣṭhē ca gadāyuddhē’sicarmaṇi । tathaiva gajaśikṣāyāṁ nītiśāstrē ca pāragāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-17॥
They became proficient in archery, horsemanship, fighting with the mace, sword and shield, as well as in elephant training and the science of polity. (BORI: 1-102-17)
[PV-KDV:01_015_54]
itihāsapurāṇēṣu nānāśikṣāsu cābhibhō । vēdavēdāṅgatattvajñāḥ sarvatra kr̥taniśramāḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-18॥
versed also in histories, Purāṇas, and various branches of learning, O lord; knowing the principles of the Vedas and Vedāṅgas, and thoroughly trained in every field. (BORI: 1-102-18)
[PV-KDV:01_015_55]
pāṇḍurdhanuṣi vikrāntō narēbhyō’bhyadhikō’bhavat । atyanyānbalavānāsīddhr̥tarāṣṭrō mahīpatiḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-19॥
Pandu was valiant with the bow and became superior to other men, while King Dhritarashtra was stronger than all others. (BORI: 1-102-19)
[PV-KDV:01_015_56]
triṣu lōkēṣu na tvāsītkaścidvidurasaṁmitaḥ । dharmanityastatō rājandharmē ca paramaṁ gataḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-20॥
In the three worlds, however, there was no one equal to Vidura. O king, he was ever devoted to dharma and had attained its highest degree. (BORI: 1-102-20)
[PV-KDV:01_015_57]
pranaṣṭaṁ śantanōrvaṁśaṁ samīkṣya punaruddhr̥tam । tatō nirvacanaṁ lōkē sarvarāṣṭrēṣvavartata ॥BORI: 1-102-21॥
Seeing that Śantanu’s extinguished line had been restored, this saying then circulated throughout the world, in every kingdom: (BORI: 1-102-21)
[PV-OTH:01_015_58]
vīrasūnāṁ kāśisutē dēśānāṁ kurujāṅgalam । sarvadharmavidāṁ bhīṣmaḥ purāṇāṁ gajasāhvayam ॥BORI: 1-102-22॥
The two daughters of Kāśi among mothers of heroes; Kurujāṅgala among lands; Bhīṣma among those who knew every dharma; and Gajasāhvaya among cities. (BORI: 1-102-22)
[PV-OTH:01_015_59]
dhr̥tarāṣṭrastvacakṣuṣṭvādrājyaṁ na pratyapadyata । karaṇatvācca viduraḥ pāṇḍurāsīnmahīpatiḥ ॥BORI: 1-102-23॥
Dhritarashtra did not inherit the kingdom because he was blind, nor did Vidura because of his birth; Pandu became king. (BORI: 1-102-23)
[PV-KDV:01_015_60]
dhr̥tarāṣṭrē ca pāṇḍau ca vidurē ca mahātmani । ēṣu triṣu kumārēṣu jātēṣu kurujāṅgalam । kuravō’tha kurukṣētraṁ trayamētadavardhata ॥KUMB: 1-118-1॥
When Dhritarashtra, Pandu, and the high-souled Vidura—these three princes—were born, the three of Kuru-jangala, the Kurus, and Kurukshetra prospered. (KUMB: 1-118-1)
[PV-SVO:01_015_61]
kūpārāmasabhāvāpyō brāhmaṇāvasathāstathā । babhūvuḥ sarvarddhiyutāstasminrāṣṭrē sadōtsavāḥ ॥KUMB: 1-118-12; NILA: 01.109.012॥
In that kingdom, wells, parks, assembly halls, reservoirs, and dwellings for Brahmins were endowed with every prosperity and were always festive. (KUMB: 1-118-12; NILA: 01.109.012)
[PV-SVO:01_015_62]
vaidikādhyayanē yuktō nītiśāstrēṣu pāragaḥ । bhīṣmēṇa rājā kauravyō dhr̥tarāṣṭrō’bhiṣēcitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-118-21॥
Devoted to Vedic study and well versed in the treatises on statecraft, the Kaurava king Dhritarashtra was consecrated by Bhishma. (KUMB: 1-118-21)
[PV-SVO:01_015_63]
dhanurvēdē’śvapr̥ṣṭhē ca gadāyuddhē’sicarmaṇi । tathaiva gajaśikṣāyāmastrēṣu vividhēṣu ca ॥KUMB: 1-118-22॥
In archery, horsemanship, mace fighting, the use of sword and shield, elephant training, and various weapons... (KUMB: 1-118-22)
[PV-SVO:01_015_64]
arthadharmapradhānāsu vidyāsu vividhāsu ca । gataḥ pāraṁ yadā pāṇḍustadā sēnāpatiḥ kr̥taḥ ॥KUMB: 1-118-23॥
When Pandu had mastered the various branches of learning concerned chiefly with material welfare and righteousness, he was appointed commander of the army. (KUMB: 1-118-23)
[PV-SVO:01_015_65]
amātyō manujēndrasya bāla ēva yaśasvinaḥ । bhīṣmēṇa sarvadharmāṇāṁ praṇētā viduraḥ kr̥taḥ ॥KUMB: 1-118-25॥
While he was still a boy, Bhishma appointed Vidura minister to the illustrious king and made him an authority on all matters of dharma. (KUMB: 1-118-25)
[PV-SVO:01_015_66]
sarvaśāstrārthatattvajñō buddhimēdhāpaṭuryuvā । bhāvēnāgamayuktēna sarvaṁ vēdayatē jagat ॥KUMB: 1-118-26॥
Young, knowing the true meaning of all the śāstras and keen in intellect and wisdom, he instructed the whole world with insight grounded in received tradition. (KUMB: 1-118-26)
[PV-SVO:01_015_67]
atha śuśrāva viprēbhyaḥ kuntibhōjamahīpatēḥ । rūpayauvanasaṁpannāṁ sutāṁ sāgaragāsutaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-118-31॥
Then the son of Ganga heard from Brahmins of King Kuntibhoja’s daughter, who was endowed with beauty and youth, (KUMB: 1-118-31)
[PV-SVO:01_015_68]
subalasya ca kalyāṇīṁ gāndhārādhipatēḥ sutām । sutāṁ ca madrarājasya rūpēṇāpratimāṁ bhuvi ॥KUMB: 1-118-32॥
the lovely daughter of Subala, lord of Gandhara, and the daughter of the king of Madra, unequalled on earth in beauty. (KUMB: 1-118-32)
[PV-SVO:01_015_69]
kadācidatha gāṅgēyaḥ sarvanītimatāṁ varaḥ । viduraṁ dharmatattvajñaṁ vākyamāha yathōcitam ॥KUMB: 1-118-33; NILA: 01.109.026॥
Then one day, Gāṅgeya, foremost of all those versed in statecraft, duly addressed these words to Vidura, who knew the essence of dharma. (KUMB: 1-118-33; NILA: 01.109.026)
[PV-KDV:01_015_70]
guṇaiḥ samuditaṁ samyagidaṁ naḥ prathitaṁ kulam । atyanyānpr̥thivīpālānpr̥thivyāmadhirājyabhāk ॥BORI: 1-103-1॥
This celebrated dynasty of ours, fully endowed with virtues, surpassing the other kings and holding sovereignty over the earth... (BORI: 1-103-1)
[PV-KDV:01_015_71]
rakṣitaṁ rājabhiḥ pūrvairdharmavidbhirmahātmabhiḥ । nōtsādamagamaccēdaṁ kadācidiha naḥ kulam ॥BORI: 1-103-2॥
Protected by the great-souled kings of old, who knew dharma, this lineage of ours never came to ruin here. (BORI: 1-103-2)
[PV-KDV:01_015_72]
mayā ca satyavatyā ca kr̥ṣṇēna ca mahātmanā । samavasthāpitaṁ bhūyō yuṣmāsu kulatantuṣu ॥BORI: 1-103-3॥
Through me, Satyavati, and the great-souled Krishna, it was once again firmly established in you, the continuers of the line. (BORI: 1-103-3)
[PV-KDV:01_015_73]
vardhatē tadidaṁ putra kulaṁ sāgaravadyathā । tathā mayā vidhātavyaṁ tvayā caiva viśēṣataḥ ॥BORI: 1-103-4॥
This very lineage is growing like the ocean, my son. Accordingly, I must make provision for it—and you especially must do so. (BORI: 1-103-4)
[PV-KDV:01_015_74]
śrūyatē yādavī kanyā anurūpā kulasya naḥ । subalasyātmajā caiva tathā madrēśvarasya ca ॥BORI: 1-103-5॥
We hear that a Yadava maiden is a fitting match for our family, as are the daughters of Subala and the lord of Madra. (BORI: 1-103-5)
[PV-KDV:01_015_75]
kulīnā rūpavatyaśca nāthavatyaśca sarvaśaḥ । ucitāścaiva sambandhē tē’smākaṁ kṣatriyarṣabhāḥ ॥BORI: 1-103-6॥
They are high-born, beautiful, and have protectors on every side; and those foremost Kshatriyas are indeed suitable for an alliance with us. (BORI: 1-103-6)
[PV-KDV:01_015_76]
manyē varayitavyāstā ityahaṁ dhīmatāṁ vara । santānārthaṁ kulasyāsya yadvā vidura manyasē ॥BORI: 1-103-7॥
I think they should be sought in marriage for the continuation of our lineage, O wisest of the wise—or do as you think best, Vidura. (BORI: 1-103-7)
[PV-KDV:01_015_77]
bhavānpitā bhavānmātā bhavānnaḥ paramō guruḥ ॥BORI: 1-103-8A॥
You are our father, you are our mother, and you are our supreme teacher. (BORI: 1-103-8A)
[PV-PAX:01_015_78]
tasmātsvayaṁ kulasyāsya vicārya kuru yaddhitam ॥BORI: 1-103-8B॥
Consider for yourself what is best for this family and do it. (BORI: 1-103-8B)
[PV-KDV:01_015_79]
atha śuśrāva viprēbhyō gāndhārīṁ subalātmajām ॥BORI: 1-103-9A॥
Then he heard from Brahmins about the Gandhari, daughter of Subala. (BORI: 1-103-9A)
[PV-KDV:01_015_80]
ārādhya varadaṁ dēvaṁ bhaganētraharaṁ haram । gāndhārī kila putrāṇāṁ śataṁ lēbhē varaṁ śubhā ॥BORI: 1-103-9B॥
She had propitiated the boon-granting god Hara, the destroyer of Bhaga’s eyes, and received the boon of a hundred sons. (BORI: 1-103-9B)
[PV-PAX:01_015_81]
iti śrutvā ca tattvēna bhīṣmaḥ kurupitāmahaḥ । tatō gāndhārarājasya prēṣayāmāsa bhārata ॥BORI: 1-103-10॥
Having learned the truth of this, Bhishma, grandfather of the Kurus, then sent to the king of Gandhara, O Bharata… (BORI: 1-103-10)
[PV-KDV:01_015_82]
acakṣuriti tatrāsītsubalasya vicāraṇā । kulaṁ khyātiṁ ca vr̥ttaṁ ca buddhyā tu prasamīkṣya saḥ । dadau tāṁ dhr̥tarāṣṭrāya gāndhārīṁ dharmacāriṇīm ॥BORI: 1-103-11॥
Subala hesitated because Dhritarashtra was blind; but after carefully considering the family, its renown, and its conduct, he gave him his virtuous daughter Gandhari. (BORI: 1-103-11)
[PV-KDV:01_015_83]
gāndhārī tvapi śuśrāva dhr̥tarāṣṭramacakṣuṣam । ātmānaṁ ditsitaṁ cāsmai pitrā mātrā ca bhārata ॥BORI: 1-103-12॥
Gandhari, for her part, learned that Dhritarashtra was blind and that her father and mother wished to give her to him in marriage, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-103-12)
[PV-KDV:01_015_84]
tataḥ sā paṭṭamādāya kr̥tvā bahuguṇaṁ śubhā । babandha nētrē svē rājanpativrataparāyaṇā । nātyaśnīyāṁ patimahamityēvaṁ kr̥taniścayā ॥BORI: 1-103-13॥
Then the noble woman took a strip of cloth, folded it into many layers, and bound it over her own eyes, O king. Wholly devoted to her husband, she had resolved, “I will not surpass my husband.” (BORI: 1-103-13)
[PV-KDV:01_015_85]
tatō gāndhārarājasya putraḥ śakunirabhyayāt । svasāraṁ parayā lakṣmyā yuktāmādāya kauravān ॥BORI: 1-103-14॥
Then Śakuni, son of the king of Gandhāra, came to the Kauravas, bringing his sister, who was endowed with surpassing beauty. (BORI: 1-103-14)
[PV-KDV:01_015_86]
dattvā sa bhaginīṁ vīrō yathārhaṁ ca paricchadam । punarāyātsvanagaraṁ bhīṣmēṇa pratipūjitaḥ ॥BORI: 1-103-15॥
After giving his sister in marriage and bestowing a fitting dowry, the valiant man returned to his own city, duly honored by Bhishma. (BORI: 1-103-15)
[PV-KDV:01_015_87]
gāndhāryapi varārōhā śīlācāravicēṣṭitaiḥ । tuṣṭiṁ kurūṇāṁ sarvēṣāṁ janayāmāsa bhārata ॥BORI: 1-103-16॥
Gandhari too, fair-hipped, pleased all the Kurus by her character, conduct, and actions, O Bharata. (BORI: 1-103-16)
[PV-OTH:01_015_88]
vr̥ttēnārādhya tānsarvānpativrataparāyaṇā । vācāpi puruṣānanyānsuvratā nānvakīrtayat ॥BORI: 1-103-17॥
Wholly devoted to her husband, she won them all over by her conduct; faithful to her vows, she did not even speak of other men. (BORI: 1-103-17)
[PV-OTH:01_015_89]
svasāraṁ parayā lakṣmyā yuktāmādāya kauravān । tāṁ tadā dhr̥tarāṣṭrāya dadau paramasatkr̥tām । bhīṣmasyānumatē caiva vivāhaṁ samakārayat ॥KUMB: 1-119-16; NILA: 01.110.016॥
He brought his sister, endowed with surpassing beauty, to the Kauravas and gave her, greatly honored, to Dhritarashtra. With Bhishma’s approval, he had the marriage performed. (KUMB: 1-119-16; NILA: 01.110.016)
[PV-SVO:01_015_90]
gāndhārī sā patiṁ dr̥ṣṭvā prajñācakṣuṣamīśvaram । aticārādbhr̥śaṁ bhītā bhartuḥ sā samacintayat ॥KUMB: 1-119-19॥
Seeing that her husband and lord had wisdom for his eyes, Gandhari was deeply afraid of surpassing him and pondered what to do. (KUMB: 1-119-19)
[PV-SVO:01_015_91]
sā dr̥ṣṭivinivr̥ttyā hi bhartuśca samatāṁ yayau । nahi sūkṣmēpyatīcārē bhartuḥ sā vavr̥tē tadā ॥KUMB: 1-119-20॥
By renouncing her sight, she attained equality with her husband, for she would not then commit even the slightest transgression against him. (KUMB: 1-119-20)
[PV-SVO:01_015_92]
tasyāḥ sahōdarīḥ kanyāḥ punarēva dadau daśa । gāndhārarājaḥ subalō bhīṣmēṇa ca vr̥tastadā ॥KUMB: 1-119-22॥
Then King Subala of Gandhara, at Bhishma’s request, also gave ten maidens who were her sisters. (KUMB: 1-119-22)
[PV-SVO:01_015_93]
satyavratāṁ satyasēnāṁ sudēṣṇāṁ cāpi saṁhitām । tējaśśrvāṁ suśravāṁ ca tathaiva nikr̥tiṁ śubhām ॥KUMB: 1-119-23॥
Satyavratā, Satyasenā, Sudeṣṇā, Saṃhitā, Tejaḥśravā, Suśravā, Nikṛti, and Śubhā… (KUMB: 1-119-23)
[PV-SVO:01_015_94]
śaṁbhvaṭhāṁ ca daśārṇāṁ ca gāndhārīrdaśa viśrutāḥ । ēkāhnā pratijagrāha dhr̥tarāṣṭrō janēśvaraḥ ॥KUMB: 1-119-24॥
Dhritarashtra, lord of men, received Shambhvatha and Dasharna as well—the ten renowned Gandhari women—all on a single day. (KUMB: 1-119-24)
[PV-SVO:01_015_95]
tataḥ śāntanavō bhīṣmō dhānuṣkastāstatastataḥ । adadāddhr̥tarāṣṭrasya rājaputrīḥ paraśśatam ॥KUMB: 1-119-25॥
Then Bhishma, Shantanu’s son and an archer, gave Dhritarashtra more than a hundred princesses from various places. (KUMB: 1-119-25)
[PV-SVO:01_015_96]
śūrō nāma yaduśrēṣṭhō vasudēvapitābhavat । tasya kanyā pr̥thā nāma rūpēṇāsadr̥śī bhuvi ॥BORI: 1-104-1॥
There was a foremost Yadava named Shura, the father of Vasudeva. He had a daughter named Pritha, unrivaled in beauty on earth. (BORI: 1-104-1)
[PV-PAN:01_015_97]
paitr̥ṣvasēyāya sa tāmanapatyāya vīryavān । agryamagrē pratijñāya svasyāpatyasya vīryavān ॥BORI: 1-104-2॥
That valiant and vigorous man, having previously promised his childless cousin the first of his own children… (BORI: 1-104-2)
[PV-PAN:01_015_98]
agrajātēti tāṁ kanyāmagryānugrahakāṅkṣiṇē । pradadau kuntibhōjāya sakhā sakhyē mahātmanē ॥BORI: 1-104-3॥
Saying, “She is the firstborn,” he gave that girl to Kuntibhoja, who desired this exceptional favor—the great-souled friend giving her to his friend. (BORI: 1-104-3)
[PV-PAN:01_015_99]
sā niyuktā piturgēhē dēvatātithipūjanē । ugraṁ paryacaradghōraṁ brāhmaṇaṁ saṁśitavratam ॥BORI: 1-104-4॥
In her father’s house, she was assigned to the worship of deities and the hospitality of guests, and she attended upon a fierce and formidable Brahmin of strict vows. (BORI: 1-104-4)
[PV-OTH:01_015_100]
nigūḍhaniścayaṁ dharmē yaṁ taṁ durvāsasaṁ viduḥ । tamugraṁ saṁśitātmānaṁ sarvayatnairatōṣayat ॥BORI: 1-104-5॥
She pleased by every possible effort the fierce and self-disciplined Durvasas, whose resolve concerning dharma was inscrutable. (BORI: 1-104-5)
[PV-OTH:01_015_101]
tasyai sa pradadau mantramāpaddharmānvavēkṣayā । abhicārābhisaṁyuktamabravīccaiva tāṁ muniḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-6॥
With a view to the law governing times of distress, he gave her a mantra endowed with magical power, and the sage said to her: (BORI: 1-104-6)
[PV-OTH:01_015_102]
yaṁ yaṁ dēvaṁ tvamētēna mantrēṇāvāhayiṣyasi । tasya tasya prasādēna putrastava bhaviṣyati ॥BORI: 1-104-7॥
Whichever god you invoke with this mantra, by that god’s grace you will have a son. (BORI: 1-104-7)
[PV-OTH:01_015_103]
tathōktā sā tu viprēṇa tēna kautūhalāttadā । kanyā satī dēvamarkamājuhāva yaśasvinī ॥BORI: 1-104-8॥
Thus addressed by the Brahmin, the renowned maiden, still a virgin, then curiously invoked the sun god Arka. (BORI: 1-104-8)
[PV-OTH:01_015_104]
sā dadarśa tamāyāntaṁ bhāskaraṁ lōkabhāvanam । vismitā cānavadyāṅgī dr̥ṣṭvā tanmahadadbhutam ॥BORI: 1-104-9॥
She saw Bhaskara, the creator of the worlds, approaching. The faultless-limbed maiden was astonished at the sight of that great marvel. (BORI: 1-104-9)
[PV-OTH:01_015_105]
prakāśakarmā tapanastasyāṁ garbhaṁ dadhau tataḥ । ajījanattatō vīraṁ sarvaśastrabhr̥tāṁ varam । āmuktakavacaḥ śrīmāndēvagarbhaḥ śriyāvr̥taḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-10॥
Then the Sun, maker of light, placed an embryo within her. Thereafter she gave birth to a hero, the foremost of all weapon-bearers. Glorious, clad in armor, begotten by a god, and enveloped in splendor… (BORI: 1-104-10)
[PV-OTH:01_015_106]
sahajaṁ kavacaṁ bibhratkuṇḍalōddyōtitānanaḥ । ajāyata sutaḥ karṇaḥ sarvalōkēṣu viśrutaḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-11॥
Her son Karna was born wearing his natural armor, his face radiant with earrings; he became renowned throughout all the worlds. (BORI: 1-104-11)
[PV-OTH:01_015_107]
prādācca tasyāḥ kanyātvaṁ punaḥ sa paramadyutiḥ । dattvā ca dadatāṁ śrēṣṭhō divamācakramē tataḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-12॥
That supremely radiant one restored her virginity; then, having granted it, the foremost of givers ascended to heaven. (BORI: 1-104-12)
[PV-OTH:01_015_108]
gūhamānāpacāraṁ taṁ bandhupakṣabhayāttadā । utsasarja jalē kuntī taṁ kumāraṁ salakṣaṇam ॥BORI: 1-104-13॥
Fearing her relatives and concealing that transgression, Kunti cast the boy, endowed with auspicious marks, into the water. (BORI: 1-104-13)
[PV-OTH:01_015_109]
tamutsr̥ṣṭaṁ tadā garbhaṁ rādhābhartā mahāyaśāḥ । putratvē kalpayāmāsa sabhāryaḥ sūtanandanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-14॥
Then the illustrious husband of Radha, the son of a Suta, together with his wife accepted the abandoned child as his own son. (BORI: 1-104-14)
[PV-OTH:01_015_110]
nāmadhēyaṁ ca cakrātē tasya bālasya tāvubhau । vasunā saha jātō’yaṁ vasuṣēṇō bhavatviti ॥BORI: 1-104-15॥
The two of them named the boy, saying, “Since he was born with riches, let him be called Vasushena.” (BORI: 1-104-15)
[PV-OTH:01_015_111]
sa vardhamānō balavānsarvāstrēṣūdyatō’bhavat । ā pr̥ṣṭhatāpādādityamupatasthē sa vīryavān ॥BORI: 1-104-16॥
As he grew, he became powerful and devoted himself to mastering every weapon. Full of vigor, he worshipped the Sun until his back grew hot. (BORI: 1-104-16)
[PV-OTH:01_015_112]
yasminkālē japannāstē sa vīraḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ । nādēyaṁ brāhmaṇēṣvāsīttasminkālē mahātmanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-17॥
While that heroic man, true to his word, sat reciting his prayers, there was nothing he would refuse to give to Brahmins. (BORI: 1-104-17)
[PV-OTH:01_015_113]
tamindrō brāhmaṇō bhūtvā bhikṣārthaṁ bhūtabhāvanaḥ । kuṇḍalē prārthayāmāsa kavacaṁ ca mahādyutiḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-18॥
Indra, the nourisher of beings, assumed the form of a Brahmin and came to beg. The radiant god asked him for his earrings and armor. (BORI: 1-104-18)
[PV-OTH:01_015_114]
utkr̥tya vimanāḥ svāṅgātkavacaṁ rudhirasravam । karṇastu kuṇḍalē chittvā prāyacchatsa kr̥tāñjaliḥ ॥BORI: 1-104-19॥
Though distressed, Karna cut the blood-streaming armor from his own body, severed his earrings, and gave them to him with joined hands. (BORI: 1-104-19)
[PV-OTH:01_015_115]
śaktiṁ tasmai dadau śakraḥ vismitō vākyamabravīt । dēvāsuramanuṣyāṇāṁ gandharvōragarakṣasām । yasmai kṣēpsyasi ruṣṭaḥ sansō’nayā na bhaviṣyati ॥BORI: 1-104-20॥
Śakra gave him the spear and, astonished, said, “Whichever god, Asura, human, Gandharva, serpent, or Rakshasa you hurl it at in anger will be no more.” (BORI: 1-104-20)
[PV-OTH:01_015_116]
purā nāma tu tasyāsīdvasuṣēṇa iti śrutam । tatō vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ karmaṇā tēna sō’bhavat ॥BORI: 1-104-21॥
Formerly, his name was said to have been Vasusena; thereafter, because of that deed, Karna became known as Vaikartana. (BORI: 1-104-21)
[PV-OTH:01_015_117]
dadhyājyakādibhirnityaṁ vyañjanaiḥ pratyahaṁ śubhā । sahasrasaṅkhyairyōgīndramupacāradanuttamā ॥KUMB: 1-120-6॥
Day after day, the blessed and peerless woman attended upon the lord of yogins with thousands of dishes, including curds and ghee. (KUMB: 1-120-6)
[PV-SVO:01_015_118]
durvāsā vatsarasyāntē dadau mantramanuttamam । yaśasvinyai pr̥thāyai tadāpaddharmānvavēkṣayā । abhicārābhisaṁyuktamabravīccaiva tāṁ muniḥ ॥KUMB: 1-120-7॥
At the end of the year, Durvasa gave the illustrious Pritha an unsurpassed mantra, imbued with magical power, with a view to its use in times of distress; and the sage said to her… (KUMB: 1-120-7)
[PV-SVO:01_015_119]
tatō ghanāntaraṁ kr̥tvā svamārgaṁ tapanastadā । upatasthē sa tāṁ kanyāṁ pr̥thāṁ pr̥thulalōcanām ॥KUMB: 1-120-10॥
Then the Sun made a passage through the clouds and appeared before the maiden Pritha, who had large eyes. (KUMB: 1-120-10)
[PV-SVO:01_015_120]
sābravīdbhagavankastvamāvirbhūtō mamāgrataḥ ॥KUMB: 1-120-12॥
She said, “Lord, who are you, appearing before me?” (KUMB: 1-120-12)
[PV-SVO:01_015_121]
āditya uvāca । āhūtōpasthitaṁ bhadrē r̥ṣimantrēṇa cōditam । viddhi māṁ putralābhāya dēvamarkaṁ śucismitē ॥KUMB: 1-120-12kṣ॥
Āditya said, “Gracious lady, know me to be the god Arka, summoned here by the sage’s mantra and come so that you may obtain a son, O pure-smiling one.” (KUMB: 1-120-12क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_015_122]
putrastē nirmitaḥ subhru śr̥ṇu mahādr̥kchubhānanē । ādityē kuṇḍalē bibhratkavacaṁ caiva māmakam ॥KUMB: 1-120-13॥
Your son has been formed, fair-browed lady. Listen, large-eyed, lovely-faced one: he bears a pair of solar earrings and my own armor. (KUMB: 1-120-13)
[PV-SVO:01_015_123]
śastrāstrāṇāmabhēdyaśca bhaviṣyati śucismitē । nāsya kiṁcidadēyaṁ ca brāhmaṇēbhyō bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-120-14॥
He will be invulnerable to weapons and missiles, O radiant-smiling woman, and there will be nothing he will refuse to give to Brahmins. (KUMB: 1-120-14)
[PV-SVO:01_015_124]
cōdyamānō mayā cāpi na kṣamaṁ cintayiṣyati । dāsyatyēva hi viprēbhyō mānī caiva bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-120-15॥
Even when I counsel him, he will not consider what is prudent; for he will certainly give to Brahmins, and he will be proud. (KUMB: 1-120-15)
[PV-SVO:01_015_125]
vaiśampāyana uvāca । ēvamuktā tataḥ kuntī gōpatiṁ pratyuvāca ha । kanyā pitr̥sā cāhaṁ puruṣārthō na caiva mē ॥KUMB: 1-120-16kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-16॥
Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed, Kunti replied to the lord of rays, “I am a maiden under my father’s authority and have no independence of my own.” (KUMB: 1-120-16क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-16)
[PV-SVO:01_015_126]
kaścinmē brāhmaṇaḥ prādādvaraṁ vidyāṁ ca śatruhan । tadvijijñāsayā’’hvānaṁ kr̥tavatyasmi tē vibhō ॥KUMB: 1-120-17; NILA: 01.111.011॥
A certain Brahmin gave me a boon and a sacred formula, O slayer of foes. Wishing to test it, I summoned you, O lord. (KUMB: 1-120-17; NILA: 01.111.011)
[PV-SVO:01_015_127]
ētasminnaparādhē tvāṁ śirasā’haṁ prasādayē । yōṣitō hi sadā rakṣyāstvaparādhē’pi nityaśaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-120-18; NILA: 01.111.012॥
For this offense, I bow my head and beg your forgiveness. For women must always be protected, even when they have transgressed. (KUMB: 1-120-18; NILA: 01.111.012)
[PV-SVO:01_015_128]
sūrya uvāca । vēdāhaṁ sarvamēvaitadyaddurvāsā varaṁ dadau । saṁtyajya bhayamēvēha kriyatāṁ saṅgamō mama ॥KUMB: 1-120-19kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-19; NILA: 01.111.013॥
The Sun said, “I know all about the boon that Durvasa gave you. Cast aside your fear and unite with me here.” (KUMB: 1-120-19क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-19; NILA: 01.111.013)
[PV-SVO:01_015_129]
amōghaṁ darśanaṁ mahyamāhūtaścāsmi tē śubhē । vr̥thā’’hvānē’pi tē bhīru dōṣaḥ syānnātra saṁśayaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-120-20; NILA: 01.111.014॥
My appearance cannot be in vain, fair one, and you have summoned me. If your summons were fruitless, timid girl, you would incur blame—of this there is no doubt. (KUMB: 1-120-20; NILA: 01.111.014)
[PV-SVO:01_015_130]
yadyēvaṁ manyasē bhīru kimāhvayasi bhāskaram । yadi māmavajānāsi r̥ṣiḥ sa na bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-120-21॥
If this is how you feel, timid girl, why did you summon Bhaskara? If you scorn me, that sage will cease to exist. (KUMB: 1-120-21)
[PV-SVO:01_015_131]
mantradānēna yasmāttvamavalēpēna darpitā । kulaṁ ca tē’dya dhakṣyāmi krōdhadīptēna cakṣuṣā ॥KUMB: 1-120-22॥
Since the gift of the mantra has made you proud and arrogant, I shall today burn your family with my eyes blazing in anger. (KUMB: 1-120-22)
[PV-SVO:01_015_132]
vaiśampāyana uvāca । ēvamuktā bahuvidhaṁ sāntvapūrvaṁ vivasvatā । sā tu naicchadvarārōhā kanyāhamiti bhārata ॥KUMB: 1-120-23kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-23; NILA: 01.111.015॥
Vaiśampāyana said: Though Vivasvat addressed her in many ways, beginning with gentle persuasion, the lovely-hipped maiden would not consent, saying, “I am a virgin,” O Bharata. (KUMB: 1-120-23क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-23; NILA: 01.111.015)
[PV-SVO:01_015_133]
bandhupakṣabhayādbhītā lajjayā ca yaśasvinī । tāmarkaḥ punarēvēdabravīdbharatarṣabha ॥KUMB: 1-120-24; NILA: 01.111.016॥
Afraid of her kinsmen and overcome with shame, the illustrious woman was addressed once again by the Sun, O bull of the Bharatas: (KUMB: 1-120-24; NILA: 01.111.016)
[PV-SVO:01_015_134]
matprasādānna tē rājñi bhavitā dōṣa ityuta । ēvamuktvā sa bhagavānkuntirājasutāṁ tadā ॥KUMB: 1-120-25; NILA: 01.111.017॥
“By my grace, O princess, no fault will attach to you.” Having thus spoken at that time to the daughter of King Kunti, the god… (KUMB: 1-120-25; NILA: 01.111.017)
[PV-SVO:01_015_135]
kuntyuvāca । prasīda bhagavanmahyamavalēpō hi nāsti mē । tvayaiva parihāryaṁ syātkanyābhāvasya dūṣaṇam ॥KUMB: 1-120-26kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-26॥
Kunti said, “Have mercy on me, Lord. I am not acting out of arrogance. You yourself must ensure that my maidenhood incurs no reproach.” (KUMB: 1-120-26क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-26)
[PV-SVO:01_015_136]
āditya uvāca । vyapayātu bhayaṁ tē’dya kumāraṁ prasamīkṣasē । mayā tvaṁ cāpyanujñātā punaḥ kanyā bhaviṣyasi ॥KUMB: 1-120-27kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-27॥
The Sun said, “Let your fear depart today. You shall behold a son, and with my permission you shall become a maiden again.” (KUMB: 1-120-27क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-27)
[PV-SVO:01_015_137]
vaiśampāyana uvāca । ēvamuktā tataḥ kuntī saṁprahr̥ṣṭatanūruhā । saṅgatā’bhūttadā subhrūrādityēna mahātmanā ॥KUMB: 1-120-28kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-28॥
Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed, Kuntī’s whole body thrilled with joy, and the beautiful-browed maiden then united with the noble Sun. (KUMB: 1-120-28क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-28)
[PV-SVO:01_015_138]
dr̥ṣṭvā kumāraṁ jātaṁ sā vārṣṇēyī dīnamānasā । ēkāgraṁ cintayāmāsa kiṁ kr̥tvā sukr̥taṁ bhavēt ॥KUMB: 1-120-32; KUMB: 1-120-33; NILA: 01.111.021॥
Seeing that a son had been born, the Vṛṣṇi princess, distressed at heart, reflected intently on what she could do that would be right. (KUMB: 1-120-32; KUMB: 1-120-33; NILA: 01.111.021)
[PV-SVO:01_015_139]
mañjūṣāṁ ratnasaṁpūrṇāṁ kr̥tvā bālasamāśritām । utsasarja kumāraṁ taṁ jalē kuntī mahābalam ॥KUMB: 1-120-34॥
Kunti placed the mighty infant in a jewel-filled chest and set him adrift on the water. (KUMB: 1-120-34)
[PV-SVO:01_015_140]
tataḥ kālē tu kasmiṁścitsvapnāntē karṇamabravīt । ādityō brāhmaṇō bhūtvā śr̥ṇu vīra vacō mama ॥KUMB: 1-120-39॥
Then, after some time, at the end of a dream, the Sun assumed the form of a Brahmin and said to Karna, “Listen, hero, to my words.” (KUMB: 1-120-39)
[PV-SVO:01_015_141]
prabhātāyāṁ rajanyāṁ tvāmāgamiṣyati vāsavaḥ । na tasya bhikṣā dātavyā viprarūpī bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-120-40॥
At daybreak, Vasava will come to you. Do not give him alms; he will be disguised as a Brahmin. (KUMB: 1-120-40)
[PV-SVO:01_015_142]
niścayō’syāpahartuṁ tē kavacaṁ kuṇḍalē tathā । atastvāṁ bōdhayāmyēṣa smartāsi vacanaṁ mama ॥KUMB: 1-120-41॥
He is determined to take away your armor and earrings. Therefore I am warning you now; you will remember my words. (KUMB: 1-120-41)
[PV-SVO:01_015_143]
karṇa uvāca । śakrō māṁ viprarūpēṇa yadi vai yācatē dvija । kathaṁ tasmai na dāsyāmi yathā cāsmyavabōdhitaḥ ॥KUMB: 1-120-42kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-42॥
Karna said, “O Brahmin, if Shakra, disguised as a Brahmin, should indeed ask me, how could I not give them to him, now that I have been warned?” (KUMB: 1-120-42क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-42)
[PV-SVO:01_015_144]
viprāḥ pūjyāstu dēvānāṁ satataṁ priyamicchatām । taṁ dēvadēvaṁ jānanvai na śaktō’smyavamantraṇē ॥KUMB: 1-120-43॥
Brahmins must be honored by those who always seek to please the gods. Knowing him to be the god of gods, I cannot turn him away. (KUMB: 1-120-43)
[PV-SVO:01_015_145]
sūrya uvāca । yadyēvaṁ śr̥ṇu mē vīra varaṁ tē sō’pi dāsyati । śaktiṁ tvamapi yācēthāḥ sarvaśatruvibādhinīm ॥KUMB: 1-120-44kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-44॥
The Sun said, “If that is so, listen to me, hero. He too will grant you a boon; you should ask him for the spear that destroys all enemies.” (KUMB: 1-120-44क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-44)
[PV-SVO:01_015_146]
vaiśampāyana uvāca । ēvamuktvā dvijaḥ svapnē tatraivāntaradhīyata । karṇaḥ prabuddhastaṁ svapnaṁ cintayānō’bhavattadā ॥KUMB: 1-120-45kṣ; KUMB: 1-120-45॥
Vaishampayana said: Having spoken thus, the Brahmin vanished there in the dream. Karna then awoke and pondered that dream. (KUMB: 1-120-45क्ष्; KUMB: 1-120-45)
[PV-SVO:01_015_147]
pratigr̥hya tu dēvēśastuṣṭastēnāsya karmaṇā । ahō sāhasamityāha manasā vāsavō hasan ॥KUMB: 1-120-48; NILA: 01.111.029॥
Having accepted them, the lord of the gods, pleased by this deed of his, laughed inwardly and said, “Ah, what audacity!” (KUMB: 1-120-48; NILA: 01.111.029)
[PV-SVO:01_015_148]
dēvadānavayakṣāṇāṁ gandharvōragarakṣasām । na taṁ paśyāmi yō hyētatkarma kartā bhaviṣyati ॥KUMB: 1-120-49॥
Among gods, Dānavas, Yakṣas, Gandharvas, serpents, and Rākṣasas, I see no one who could perform such a deed. (KUMB: 1-120-49)
[PV-SVO:01_015_149]
prītō’smi karmaṇā tēna varaṁ brūhi yadicchasi । karṇa uvāca । icchāmi bhagavaddattāṁ śaktiṁ śatrunibarhaṇīm ॥KUMB: 1-120-50; KUMB: 1-120-50kṣ॥
“I am pleased by that deed. Ask for whatever boon you desire.” Karna said, “I desire a divine, enemy-slaying spear granted by you.” (KUMB: 1-120-50; KUMB: 1-120-50क्ष्)
[PV-SVO:01_015_150]
yasmai kṣēpsyasi ruṣṭaḥ sansō’nayā na bhaviṣyati । hatvaikaṁ samarē śatruṁ tatō māmāgamiṣyati । ityuktvāntardadhē śakrō varaṁ dattvā tu tasya vai ॥KUMB: 1-120-52॥
“Whoever you cast it at in anger will cease to exist because of it. After slaying one enemy in battle, it will return to me.” Having said this and granted him the boon, Shakra vanished. (KUMB: 1-120-52)
[PV-SVO:01_015_151]
tāṁ samāsādya dēvastu vivasvānidamabravīt । ayamasmyasitāpāṅgī brūhi kiṁ karavāṇi tē ॥NILA: 01.111.010॥
Then the god Vivasvat came to her and said, “Here I am, dark-eyed lady. Tell me, what shall I do for you?” (NILA: 01.111.010)
[PV-SVO:01_015_152]
rūpasattvaguṇōpētā dharmārāmā mahāvratā । duhitā kuntibhōjasya kr̥tē pitrā svayaṁvarē ॥BORI: 1-105-1॥
Endowed with beauty, courage, and virtue, devoted to dharma and firm in her great vows, Kuntibhoja’s daughter, at the svayamvara arranged by her father… (BORI: 1-105-1)
[PV-KDV:01_015_153]
siṁhadaṁṣṭraṁ gajaskandhamr̥ṣabhākṣaṁ mahābalam । bhūmipālasahasrāṇāṁ madhyē pāṇḍumavindata ॥BORI: 1-105-2॥
Amid thousands of kings, she chose Pandu, whose teeth were like a lion’s, whose shoulders were like an elephant’s, whose eyes were like a bull’s, and who was immensely strong. (BORI: 1-105-2)
[PV-KDV:01_015_154]
sa tayā kuntibhōjasya duhitrā kurunandanaḥ । yuyujē’mitasaubhāgyaḥ paulōmyā maghavāniva ॥BORI: 1-105-3॥
That fortunate descendant of Kuru was united with her, the daughter of Kuntibhoja, as Maghavan was with Paulomi. (BORI: 1-105-3)
[PV-KDV:01_015_155]
yātvā dēvavratēnāpi madrāṇāṁ puṭabhēdanam । viśrutā triṣu lōkēṣu mādrī madrapatēḥ sutā ॥BORI: 1-105-4॥
After Devavrata had also gone to the capital of the Madras, Madri, the daughter of the king of Madras and renowned throughout the three worlds... (BORI: 1-105-4)
[PV-KDV:01_015_156]
sarvarājasu vikhyātā rūpēṇāsadr̥śī bhuvi । pāṇḍōrarthē parikrītā dhanēna mahatā tadā । vivāhaṁ kārayāmāsa bhīṣmaḥ pāṇḍōrmahātmanaḥ ॥BORI: 1-105-5॥
She was renowned among all kings and unrivalled in beauty on earth. Bhishma then purchased her for Pandu with great wealth and arranged her marriage to the noble Pandu. (BORI: 1-105-5)
[PV-KDV:01_015_157]