03.205
मार्कण्डेय उवाच॥
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca॥
[मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(Markandeya said;)
Markandeya said.
गुरू निवेद्य विप्राय तौ मातापितरावुभौ। पुनरेव स धर्मात्मा व्याधो ब्राह्मणमब्रवीत् ॥०३-२०५-१॥
gurū nivedya viprāya tau mātāpitarau ubhau। punar eva sa dharmātmā vyādhaḥ brāhmaṇam abravīt॥03-205-1॥
[गुरू (gurū) - to the teacher; निवेद्य (nivedya) - having declared; विप्राय (viprāya) - to the brāhmaṇa; तौ (tau) - those two; मातापितरौ (mātāpitarau) - mother and father; उभौ (ubhau) - both; पुनः (punar) - again; एव (eva) - indeed; सः (saḥ) - he; धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled; व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter; ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - to the brāhmaṇa; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]
(To the teacher having declared to the brāhmaṇa those two, mother and father, both, again indeed, he the righteous-souled hunter said to the brāhmaṇa.)
Having reported about both his mother and father to the brāhmaṇa as per his teacher's instruction, the virtuous hunter again spoke to the brāhmaṇa. (03-205-1)
प्रवृत्तचक्षुर्जातोऽस्मि सम्पश्य तपसो बलम्। यदर्थमुक्तोऽसि तया गच्छस्व मिथिलामिति ॥०३-२०५-२॥
pravṛttacakṣur jāto'smi sampaśya tapaso balam। yadartham ukto'si tayā gacchasva mithilām iti ॥03-205-2॥
[प्रवृत्तचक्षुः (pravṛttacakṣuḥ) - whose sight has been restored; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; arisen; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; सम्पश्य (sampaśya) - behold; तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity; of penance; बलम् (balam) - strength; यदर्थम् (yadartham) - for which purpose; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; said; असि (asi) - you are; तया (tayā) - by her; गच्छस्व (gacchasva) - go; मिथिलाम् (mithilām) - to Mithila; इति (iti) - thus;]
(Whose sight has been restored arisen I am; behold the strength of (my) austerity; for which purpose spoken you are by her, go to Mithila thus.)
My sight having been restored, I am born anew; behold the strength of my austerity. For the purpose you have been instructed by her, go now to Mithila. (03-205-2)
पतिशुश्रूषपरया दान्तया सत्यशीलया। मिथिलायां वसन्व्याधः स ते धर्मान्प्रवक्ष्यति ॥०३-२०५-३॥
patiśuśrūṣaparayā dāntayā satyaśīlayā। mithilāyāṃ vasan vyādhaḥ sa te dharmān pravakṣyati ॥03-205-3॥
[पतिशुश्रूषापरया (patiśuśrūṣāparayā) - with one who is devoted to service of husband; दान्तया (dāntayā) - with one who is self-controlled; सत्यशीलया (satyaśīlayā) - with one who is truthful in character; मिथिलायाम् (mithilāyām) - in Mithilā; वसन् (vasan) - dwelling; व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - the hunter; सः (saḥ) - he; ते (te) - to you; धर्मान् (dharmān) - the principles (of dharma); प्रवक्ष्यति (pravakṣyati) - will explain;]
(With one who is devoted to service of husband, self-controlled, truthful in character, in Mithilā dwelling, the hunter, he, to you, the principles of dharma will explain.)
The hunter who dwells in Mithilā, with a wife devoted to serving her husband, self-controlled, and truthful in character, will explain the principles of dharma to you. (03-205-3)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - the Brāhmaṇa; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(the Brāhmaṇa said;)
The Brāhmaṇa said.
पतिव्रतायाः सत्यायाः शीलाढ्याया यतव्रत। संस्मृत्य वाक्यं धर्मज्ञ गुणवानसि मे मतः ॥०३-२०५-४॥
pativratāyāḥ satyāyāḥ śīlāḍhyāyā yatavrata. saṁsmṛtya vākyaṁ dharmajña guṇavān asi me mataḥ ॥03-205-4॥
[पतिव्रतायाः (pativratāyāḥ) - of the devoted wife; सत्यायाः (satyāyāḥ) - of the truthful; शीलाढ्यायाः (śīlāḍhyāyāḥ) - of the one rich in good conduct; यतव्रत (yatavrata) - observer of vows; संस्मृत्य (saṁsmṛtya) - having remembered; वाक्यं (vākyaṁ) - statement; धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of dharma; गुणवान् (guṇavān) - endowed with virtues; असि (asi) - you are; मे (me) - by me; मतः (mataḥ) - regarded;]
(Of the devoted wife, of the truthful, of the one rich in good conduct, of the observer of vows, having remembered the statement, knower of dharma, endowed with virtues, you are by me regarded.)
Having remembered the words of the devoted, truthful, and virtuous wife, an observer of vows, I consider you, knower of dharma and endowed with virtues, as such. (03-205-4)
व्याध उवाच॥
vyādha uvāca॥
[व्याध (vyādha) - hunter; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Hunter said.)
The hunter said.
यत्तदा त्वं द्विजश्रेष्ठ तयोक्तो मां प्रति प्रभो। दृष्टमेतत्तया सम्यगेकपत्न्या न संशयः ॥०३-२०५-५॥
yattadā tvaṁ dvijaśreṣṭha tayokto māṁ prati prabho। dṛṣṭametattayā samyagekapatnyā na saṁśayaḥ॥03-205-5॥
[यत् (yat) - that which; तदा (tadā) - then; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; द्विजश्रेष्ठ (dvijaśreṣṭha) - O best of twice-born; तया (tayā) - by her; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed; माम् प्रति (mām prati) - regarding me; प्रभो (prabho) - O master; दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen; एतत् (etat) - this; तया (tayā) - by her; सम्यक् (samyak) - completely; एकपत्न्या (ekapatnyā) - by the one-wife (devoted) woman; न (na) - not; संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt;]
(That which then, you, O best of twice-born, addressed by her, regarding me, O master, seen this by her completely, by the devoted wife, not doubt.)
O best of twice-born, what you were told then by her about me, O master, this was truly seen by her, the devoted wife—there is no doubt. (03-205-5)
त्वदनुग्रहबुद्ध्या तु विप्रैतद्दर्शितं मया। वाक्यं च शृणु मे तात यत्ते वक्ष्ये हितं द्विज ॥०३-२०५-६॥
tvadanugrahabuddhyā tu vipraitad darśitaṃ mayā। vākyaṃ ca śṛṇu me tāta yat te vakṣye hitaṃ dvija ॥03-205-6॥
[त्वदनुग्रहबुद्ध्या (tvadanugrahabuddhyā) - with the intention of your favor; तु (tu) - but; विप्र (vipra) - Brāhmaṇa; एतत् (etat) - this; दर्शितं (darśitaṃ) - shown; मया (mayā) - by me; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - speech; च (ca) - and; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; मे (me) - from me; तात (tāta) - O dear one; यत् (yat) - which; ते (te) - to you; वक्ष्ये (vakṣye) - I shall speak; हितं (hitaṃ) - beneficial; द्विज (dvija) - twice-born (Brāhmaṇa);]
(But with the intention of your favor, O Brāhmaṇa, this was shown by me. And hear the speech from me, O dear one, which to you I shall speak, beneficial, O twice-born.)
But, Brāhmaṇa, with the intention of your welfare, I have shown you this. And now listen, O dear one, to the words I will say to you for your benefit, O twice-born. (3-205-6)
त्वया विनिकृता माता पिता च द्विजसत्तम। अनिसृष्टोऽसि निष्क्रान्तो गृहात्ताभ्यामनिन्दित ॥ वेदोच्चारणकार्यार्थमयुक्तं तत्त्वया कृतम् ॥०३-२०५-७॥
tvayā vinikṛtā mātā pitā ca dvijasattama। anisṛṣṭo'si niṣkrānto gṛhāttābhyāmanindita ॥ vedoccāraṇakāryārthamayuktaṁ tattvayā kṛtam ॥03-205-7॥
[त्वया (tvayā) - by you; विनिकृता (vinikṛtā) - neglected; माता (mātā) - mother; पिता (pitā) - father; च (ca) - and; द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of twice-born; अनिसृष्टः (anisṛṣṭaḥ) - not permitted; असि (asi) - you are; निष्क्रान्तः (niṣkrāntaḥ) - having gone out; गृहात् (gṛhāt) - from the house; ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) - by those two; अनिन्दित (anindita) - blameless one; वेद-उच्चारण-कार्य-अर्थम् (veda-uccāraṇa-kārya-artham) - for the purpose of the act of Veda recitation; अयुक्तम् (ayuktam) - improper; तत् (tat) - that; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; कृतम् (kṛtam) - has been done;]
(By you, mother and father have been neglected, O best of twice-born; not permitted, you are having gone out from the house by those two, blameless one. For the purpose of the act of Veda recitation, improper that by you has been done.)
O best of twice-born, you have neglected your mother and father. Without their permission, you have left the house, blameless one. What you have done for the purpose of Veda recitation is improper. (03-205-7)
तव शोकेन वृद्धौ तावन्धौ जातौ तपस्विनौ। तौ प्रसादयितुं गच्छ मा त्वा धर्मोऽत्यगान्महान् ॥०३-२०५-८॥
tava śokena vṛddhau tāvandhau jātau tapasvinau। tau prasādayituṃ gaccha mā tvā dharmo’tyagān mahān॥03-205-8॥
[तव (tava) - your; शोकेन (śokena) - by grief; वृद्धौ (vṛddhau) - the old; तौ (tau) - they two; अन्धौ (andhau) - blind; जातौ (jātau) - have become; तपस्विनौ (tapasvinau) - practicing austerities; तौ (tau) - they two; प्रसादयितुम् (prasādayitum) - to propitiate; गच्छ (gaccha) - go; मा (mā) - do not; त्वा (tvā) - you; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - might overpass; महान् (mahān) - great;]
(By your grief, the old, those two, have become blind, ascetics; to propitiate them, go; do not let great righteousness overpass you.)
Because of your grief, those two elders have become blind and ascetic; go to propitiate them, do not let great righteousness pass you by. (3-205-8)
तपस्वी त्वं महात्मा च धर्मे च निरतः सदा। सर्वमेतदपार्थं ते क्षिप्रं तौ सम्प्रसादय ॥०३-२०५-९॥
tapasvī tvaṃ mahātmā ca dharme ca nirataḥ sadā। sarvam etad apārthaṃ te kṣipraṃ tau samprasāday ॥03-205-9॥
[तपस्वी (tapasvī) - one engaged in austerity; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; महात्मा (mahātmā) - high-souled; च (ca) - and; धर्मे (dharme) - in dharma; च (ca) - and; निरतः (nirataḥ) - devoted; सदा (sadā) - always; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; एतत् (etad) - this; अपार्थम् (apārtham) - without purpose; ते (te) - for you; क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly; तौ (tau) - those two; सम्प्रसादय (samprasādaya) - make peaceful;]
(one engaged in austerity you high-souled and in dharma and devoted always; all this without purpose for you; quickly those two make peaceful (03-205-9))
You are an ascetic, a great soul, and always devoted to dharma; all this is useless for you — quickly reconcile those two. (03-205-9)
श्रद्दधस्व मम ब्रह्मन्नान्यथा कर्तुमर्हसि। गम्यतामद्य विप्रर्षे श्रेयस्ते कथयाम्यहम् ॥०३-२०५-१०॥
śraddadhā sva mama brahman nānyathā kartum arhasi। gamyatām adya viprarṣe śreyas te kathayāmi aham ॥03-205-10॥
[श्रद्दधस्व (śraddadhā sva) - have faith; मम (mama) - my; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O brāhmaṇa; न (na) - not; अन्यथा (anyathā) - otherwise; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let (you) go; अद्य (adya) - today; विप्रर्षे (viprarṣe) - O best of brāhmaṇas; श्रेयः (śreyas) - the best; ते (te) - to you; कथयामि (kathayāmi) - I will tell; अहम् (aham) - I;]
(Have faith in me, O brāhmaṇa; you ought not to do otherwise. Let (you) go today, O best of brāhmaṇas; I will tell the best to you.)
Trust in me, O brāhmaṇa; do not act otherwise. Go today, O best of brāhmaṇas; I will tell you what is best. (03-205-10)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - Brāhmaṇa (the Brahmin); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Brāhmaṇa said;)
The Brāhmaṇa said;
यदेतदुक्तं भवता सर्वं सत्यमसंशयम्। प्रीतोऽस्मि तव धर्मज्ञ साध्वाचार गुणान्वित ॥०३-२०५-११॥
yadetad uktaṃ bhavatā sarvaṃ satyam asaṃśayam। prīto'smi tava dharmajña sādhvācāra guṇānvita ॥03-205-11॥
[यदेतत् (yadetat) - which this; उक्तं (uktaṃ) - said; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; सर्वं (sarvaṃ) - all; सत्यं (satyam) - true; असंशयम् (asaṃśayam) - without doubt; प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; तव (tava) - with you; धर्मज्ञ (dharmajña) - knower of dharma; साध्वाचार (sādhvācāra) - of good conduct; गुणान्वितः (guṇānvitaḥ) - endowed with virtues;]
(Which this said by you, all (is) true, without doubt. Pleased I am (with) you, knower of dharma, of good conduct, endowed with virtues.)
All that you have said is true, without doubt. I am pleased with you, knower of dharma, endowed with good conduct and virtues. (03-205-11)
व्याध उवाच॥
vyādha uvāca॥
[व्याध (vyādha) - hunter; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Hunter said;)
The hunter said.
दैवतप्रतिमो हि त्वं यस्त्वं धर्ममनुव्रतः। पुराणं शाश्वतं दिव्यं दुष्प्रापमकृतात्मभिः ॥०३-२०५-१२॥
daivatapratimo hi tvaṁ yastvaṁ dharmamanuvrataḥ. purāṇaṁ śāśvataṁ divyaṁ duṣprāpam akṛtātmabhiḥ ॥03-205-12॥
[दैवतप्रतिमः (daivatapratimaḥ) - like a deity; हि (hi) - indeed; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; यः (yaḥ) - who; त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; धर्ममनुव्रतः (dharmam-anuvrataḥ) - devoted to observing dharma; पुराणम् (purāṇam) - ancient; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal; दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine; दुष्प्रापम् (duṣprāpam) - difficult to attain; अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those who have not disciplined their selves;]
(Like a deity indeed you (are), who you, devoted to observing dharma; ancient, eternal, divine, difficult to attain by those who have not disciplined their selves.)
Indeed, you are like a deity, for you are devoted to dharma; the ancient, eternal, divine (goal), difficult to attain by those whose selves are undisciplined. (03-205-12)
अतन्द्रितः कुरु क्षिप्रं मातापित्रोर्हि पूजनम्। अतः परमहं धर्मं नान्यं पश्यामि कञ्चन ॥०३-२०५-१३॥
atandritaḥ kuru kṣipraṃ mātāpitroḥ hi pūjanam। ataḥ param ahaṃ dharmam nā anyam paśyāmi kañcana ॥03-205-13॥
[अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - without negligence; कुरु (kuru) - perform; क्षिप्रं (kṣipram) - quickly; मातापित्रोः (mātāpitroḥ) - of mother and father; हि (hi) - indeed; पूजनम् (pūjanam) - reverence; अतः (ataḥ) - than this; परम् (param) - higher; अहम् (aham) - I; धर्मम् (dharmam) - duty; न (na) - not; अन्यं (anyam) - other; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - see; कञ्चन (kañcana) - any;]
(Without negligence, perform quickly the reverence of mother and father indeed; than this higher duty I do not see any.)
Without negligence, quickly perform reverence to your mother and father; I see no duty greater than this. (03-205-13)
ब्राह्मण उवाच॥
brāhmaṇa uvāca॥
[ब्राह्मण (brāhmaṇa) - the Brāhmaṇa; a priestly person; उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]
(The Brāhmaṇa said;)
The Brāhmaṇa said.
इहाहमागतो दिष्ट्या दिष्ट्या मे सङ्गतं त्वया। ईदृशा दुर्लभा लोके नरा धर्मप्रदर्शकाः ॥०३-२०५-१४॥
ihāham-āgato diṣṭyā diṣṭyā me saṅgataṃ tvayā। īdṛśā durlabhā loke narā dharmapradarśakāḥ॥03-205-14॥
[इह (iha) - here; अहम् (aham) - I; आगतः (āgataḥ) - have come; दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by good fortune; दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by good fortune; मे (me) - to me; सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - meeting; त्वया (tvayā) - with you; ईदृशाः (īdṛśāḥ) - such as these; दुर्लभाः (durlabhāḥ) - hard to find; लोके (loke) - in the world; नराः (narāḥ) - men; धर्मप्रदर्शकाः (dharmapradarśakāḥ) - showers of dharma;]
(Here I have come by good fortune, by good fortune to me has been the meeting with you. Such men who show dharma are hard to find in the world.)
It is by good fortune that I have come here and by good fortune that I have met you. Men who show the path of dharma like you are rare in this world. (03-205-14)
एको नरसहस्रेषु धर्मविद्विद्यते न वा। प्रीतोऽस्मि तव सत्येन भद्रं ते पुरुषोत्तम ॥०३-२०५-१५॥
eko narasahasreṣu dharmavid vidyate na vā। prīto'smi tava satyena bhadraṃ te puruṣottama ॥03-205-15॥
[एको (ekaḥ) - one; नरसहस्रेषु (nara-sahasreṣu) - among a thousand men; धर्मविद् (dharma-vit) - knower of dharma; विद्यते (vidyate) - exists; न (na) - not; वा (vā) - or; प्रीतोऽस्मि (prītaḥ asmi) - I am pleased; तव (tava) - by your; सत्येन (satyena) - by truth; भद्रं (bhadram) - good; ते (te) - to you; पुरुषोत्तम (puruṣottama) - O best of men;]
(One among a thousand men, a knower of dharma exists or not. I am pleased by your truth; good to you, O best of men.)
Among a thousand men, scarcely one is a true knower of dharma. I am pleased with your truthfulness; may good come to you, O best of men. (03-205-15)
पतमानो हि नरके भवतास्मि समुद्धृतः। भवितव्यमथैवं च यद्दृष्टोऽसि मयानघ ॥०३-२०५-१६॥
patamāno hi narake bhavatāsmi samuddhṛtaḥ। bhavitavyam athaivaṁ ca yad dṛṣṭo'si mayānagha॥03-205-16॥
[पतमानः (patamānaḥ) - falling; हि (hi) - indeed; नरके (narake) - in hell; भवत् (bhavat) - by you; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; समुद्धृतः (samuddhṛtaḥ) - lifted up; भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - what must happen; अथ (atha) - now; एवम् (evam) - thus; च (ca) - and; यत् (yat) - that; दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen; असि (asi) - you are; मया (mayā) - by me; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(Falling indeed in hell, by you I am lifted up. What must happen, now thus and, that seen you are by me, O sinless one.)
While I was falling into hell, I have indeed been lifted up by you. It must indeed have been destined thus, that I have seen you, O sinless one. (03-205-16)
राजा ययातिर्दौहित्रैः पतितस्तारितो यथा। सद्भिः पुरुषशार्दूल तथाहं भवता त्विह ॥०३-२०५-१७॥
rājā yayātir dauhitraiḥ patitas tārito yathā। sadbhiḥ puruṣaśārdūla tathāhaṃ bhavatā tv iha ॥03-205-17॥
[राजा (rājā) - king; ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayāti; दौहित्रैः (dauhitraiḥ) - by grandsons; पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen; तारितः (tāritaḥ) - lifted up; यथा (yathā) - as; सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good; पुरुषशार्दूल (puruṣaśārdūla) - O best of men; तथा (tathā) - so; अहं (ahaṃ) - I; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; त् (t) - (sandhi, with next word) इह (iha) - here;]
(King Yayāti by grandsons fallen lifted up as; by the good O best of men so I by you here.)
Just as King Yayāti, having fallen, was lifted up by his grandsons, so I, O best of men, have been lifted up here by you. (03-205-17)
मातापितृभ्यां शुश्रूषां करिष्ये वचनात्तव। नाकृतात्मा वेदयति धर्माधर्मविनिश्चयम् ॥०३-२०५-१८॥
mātāpitṛbhyāṃ śuśrūṣāṃ kariṣye vacanāt tava। nākṛtātmā vedayati dharmādharmaviniścayam ॥03-205-18॥
[मातापितृभ्यां (mātāpitṛbhyām) - to mother and father; (dative dual of माता and पिता;) शुश्रूषां (śuśrūṣām) - service; (accusative singular of शुश्रूषा;) करिष्ये (kariṣye) - I will do; (1st person singular future of √कृ;) वचनात् (vacanāt) - at the command; (ablative singular of वचन;) तव (tava) - your; (genitive singular of त्वम्;) न (na) - not; अकृतात्मा (akṛtātmā) - one whose self is not disciplined; (nom. sg. m.;) वेदयति (vedayati) - knows; discerns; (3rd person singular of caus. √विद्;) धर्माधर्मविनिश्चयम् (dharmādharmaviniścayam) - the determination of right and wrong; (accusative singular of धर्माधर्मविनिश्चय;);]
(To mother and father service I will do at your command. Not the undisciplined self knows the determination of right and wrong.)
At your command, I will serve my mother and father. A person whose self is undisciplined does not discern the distinction between right and wrong. (03-205-18)
दुर्ज्ञेयः शाश्वतो धर्मः शूद्रयोनौ हि वर्तता। न त्वां शूद्रमहं मन्ये भवितव्यं हि कारणम् ॥ येन कर्मविपाकेन प्राप्तेयं शूद्रता त्वया ॥०३-२०५-१९॥
durjñeyaḥ śāśvato dharmaḥ śūdrayonau hi vartatā। na tvāṃ śūdram ahaṃ manye bhavitavyaṃ hi kāraṇam ॥ yena karmavipākena prāpteyaṃ śūdratā tvayā ॥03-205-19॥
[दुर्ज्ञेयः (durjñeyaḥ) - hard to know; शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - eternal; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - law; शूद्रयोनौ (śūdrayonau) - in the womb of a Śūdra; हि (hi) - indeed; वर्तता (vartatā) - abides; न (na) - not; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a Śūdra; अहम् (aham) - I; मanye (manye) - think; भवितव्यम् (bhavitavyam) - destined (to be); हि (hi) - indeed; कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause; येन (yena) - by which; कर्मविपाकेन (karmavipākena) - by the fruit of action; प्राप्ता (prāptā) - obtained; इयं (iyaṃ) - this; शूद्रता (śūdratā) - Śūdra-hood; त्वया (tvayā) - by you;]
(Hard to know is the eternal law that indeed abides in the womb of a Śūdra. I do not think you are a Śūdra; destiny indeed is the cause. By which fruit of action, this Śūdra-hood by you has been obtained (by you). (03-205-19))
The eternal law is difficult to comprehend and governs the condition of birth as a Śūdra. I do not consider you a Śūdra; rather, destiny is the cause. By the result of your actions, this state of being a Śūdra has come to you. (03-205-19)
एतदिच्छामि विज्ञातुं तत्त्वेन हि महामते। कामया ब्रूहि मे तथ्यं सर्वं त्वं प्रयतात्मवान् ॥०३-२०५-२०॥
etadicchāmi vijñātuṁ tattvena hi mahāmate। kāmayā brūhi me tathyaṁ sarvaṁ tvaṁ prayatātmavān॥03-205-20॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire; विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly; हि (hi) - indeed; महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one; कामया (kāmayā) - out of desire; ब्रूहि (brūhi) - speak; मे (me) - to me; तथ्यम् (tathyaṁ) - truth; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; त्वम् (tvaṁ) - you; प्रयतात्मवान् (prayatātmavān) - self-controlled;]
(This I desire to know truly indeed, O great-minded one; out of desire speak to me all truth, you self-controlled one.)
O great-minded one, I indeed wish to know this truly; out of desire, you who are self-controlled, tell me everything that is true. (03-205-20)
व्याध उवाच॥
vyādha uvāca॥
[व्याध (vyādha) - hunter; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Hunter said)
The hunter said.
अनतिक्रमणीया हि ब्राह्मणा वै द्विजोत्तम। शृणु सर्वमिदं वृत्तं पूर्वदेहे ममानघ ॥०३-२०५-२१॥
anatikramaṇīyā hi brāhmaṇā vai dvijottama। śṛṇu sarvam idaṃ vṛttaṃ pūrvadehe mam anagha ॥03-205-21॥
[अनतिक्रमणीया (anatikramaṇīyā) - not to be transgressed; हि (hi) - indeed; ब्राह्मणा (brāhmaṇā) - by a brāhmaṇa; वै (vai) - truly; द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of twice-born; शृणु (śṛṇu) - hear; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; इदं (idaṃ) - this; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happening; पूर्वदेहे (pūrvadehe) - in a previous body; मम (mam) - of mine; अनघ (anagha) - O sinless one;]
(Not to be transgressed indeed by a brāhmaṇa truly, O best of twice-born. Hear all this happening in a previous body of mine, O sinless one.)
A brāhmaṇa must never be transgressed, O best of the twice-born. Listen, O sinless one, to all that happened in my previous life. (03-205-21)
अहं हि ब्राह्मणः पूर्वमासं द्विजवरात्मज। वेदाध्यायी सुकुशलो वेदाङ्गानां च पारगः ॥ आत्मदोषकृतैर्ब्रह्मन्नवस्थां प्राप्तवानिमाम् ॥०३-२०५-२२॥
ahaṃ hi brāhmaṇaḥ pūrvam āsaṃ dvijavarātmaja। vedādhyāyī sukuśalo vedāṅgānāṃ ca pāragaḥ॥ ātmadoṣakṛtair brahman avasthāṃ prāptavān imām॥03-205-22॥
[अहं (ahaṃ) - I; हि (hi) - indeed; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - brāhmaṇa; priest; पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly; आसम् (āsam) - was; existed as; द्विजवरात्मज (dvijavarātmaja) - O son of the best of twice-born; O best brāhmaṇa's son; वेदाध्यायी (vedādhyāyī) - student of the Veda; who studies the Vedas; सुकुशलः (sukuśalaḥ) - very skillful; वेदाङ्गानाम् (vedāṅgānām) - of the Vedāṅgas; limbs of the Vedas; च (ca) - and; पारगः (pāragaḥ) - versed in; accomplished; आत्मदोषकृतैः (ātmadoṣakṛtaiḥ) - by faults caused by myself; by self-made faults; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa; अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - state; condition; प्राप्तवान् (prāptavān) - has attained; has obtained; इमाम् (imām) - this;]
(I indeed Brāhmaṇa formerly was, O son of the best of twice-born; student of the Veda, very skillful, and versed in the Vedāṅgas; by faults caused by myself, O Brāhmaṇa, this state have attained.)
I was formerly a Brāhmaṇa, O son of the best of twice-born; a diligent student of the Veda, highly skilled, and expert in the Vedāṅgas. But, O Brāhmaṇa, through faults of my own making, I have come to this state. (03-205-22)
कश्चिद्राजा मम सखा धनुर्वेदपरायणः। संसर्गाद्धनुषि श्रेष्ठस्ततोऽहमभवं द्विज ॥०३-२०५-२३॥
kaścid rājā mama sakhā dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ। saṁsargād dhanuṣi śreṣṭhas tato'ham abhavaṁ dvija ॥03-205-23॥
[कश्चित् (kaścit) - some; (a certain one); राजा (rājā) - king; मम (mama) - my; सखा (sakhā) - friend; धनुर्वेदपरायणः (dhanurvedaparāyaṇaḥ) - devoted to the science of archery; संसर्गात् (saṁsargāt) - by association (with); धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in the bow (archery); श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best; superior; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; अहम् (aham) - I; अभवम् (abhavam) - became; द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (Brahmin);]
(Some king, my friend, devoted to the science of archery; by association (with him), in archery best, therefore I became, O twice-born.)
O Brahmin, a certain king, my friend, was devoted to the science of archery; by associating with him, I became superior in archery.
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु मृगयां निर्गतो नृपः। सहितो योधमुख्यैश्च मन्त्रिभिश्च सुसंवृतः ॥ ततोऽभ्यहन्मृगांस्तत्र सुबहूनाश्रमं प्रति ॥०३-२०५-२४॥
etasminneva kāle tu mṛgayāṃ nirgatо nṛpaḥ। sahito yodhamukhyaiś ca mantr̥bhiś ca susaṃvṛtaḥ॥ tato'bhyahan mṛgāṃs tatra subahūn āśramaṃ prati॥03-205-24॥
[एतस्मिन्नेव (etasmin eva) - in this very (time); काले (kāle) - at the time; तु (tu) - but; मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for hunting; निर्गतः (nirgataḥ) - went out; नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king; सहितः (sahitaḥ) - together with; योधमुख्यैः (yodhamukhyaiḥ) - by principal warriors; च (ca) - and; मन्त्रिभिः (mantr̥bhiḥ) - by ministers; च (ca) - and; सुसंवृतः (susaṃvṛtaḥ) - well-protected; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अभ्यहनत् (abhyahan) - he struck; मृगान् (mṛgān) - animals (deer etc.); तत्र (tatra) - there; सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many; आश्रमम् (āśramam) - towards the hermitage; प्रति (prati) - towards;]
(In this very time, but, for hunting, the king went out, together with principal warriors and ministers, well-protected. Then he struck many animals there, towards the hermitage. (03-205-24))
At that very time, the king went out for hunting, accompanied by chief warriors and ministers, well-protected. Then he slew many animals there near the hermitage. (03-205-24)
अथ क्षिप्तः शरो घोरो मयापि द्विजसत्तम। ताडितश्च मुनिस्तेन शरेणानतपर्वणा ॥०३-२०५-२५॥
atha kṣiptaḥ śaro ghoro mayāpi dvijasattama। tāḍitaśca munistena śareṇānataparvaṇā ॥03-205-25॥
[अथ (atha) - then; क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown; शरः (śaraḥ) - arrow; घोरः (ghoraḥ) - terrible; मया (mayā) - by me; अपि (api) - also; द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best of twice-born; ताडितः (tāḍitaḥ) - was struck; च (ca) - and; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage; तेन (tena) - by that; शरेण (śareṇa) - with the arrow; अनतपर्वणा (anataparvaṇā) - having unbarbed (smooth, without knots);]
(Then a terrible arrow, thrown by me also, O best of twice-born, the sage was struck by that arrow with smooth shaft.)
Then, O best of twice-born, I too shot a terrible arrow, and the sage was struck by that smooth-shafted arrow. (03-205-25)
भूमौ निपतितो ब्रह्मन्नुवाच प्रतिनादयन्। नापराध्याम्यहं किञ्चित्केन पापमिदं कृतम् ॥०३-२०५-२६॥
bhūmau nipatito brahmannuvāca pratinādayan। nāparādhyāmyahaṃ kiñcit kena pāpam idaṃ kṛtam ॥03-205-26॥
[भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground; निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - fallen; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahman; उवाच (uvāca) - he said; प्रतिनादयन् (pratinādayan) - resounding (his voice); न (na) - not; अपराध्यामि (aparādhyāmi) - I commit a fault; अहम् (aham) - I; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; केन (kena) - by whom; पापम् (pāpam) - sin; इदम् (idam) - this; कृतम् (kṛtam) - has been done;]
(On the ground fallen, O Brahman, he said, resounding (his voice): "I do not commit any fault; by whom has this sin been done?" (03-205-26))
Having fallen to the ground, he resounded and said, "O Brahman, I have committed no fault at all; by whom has this sin been done?" (03-205-26)
मन्वानस्तं मृगं चाहं सम्प्राप्तः सहसा मुनिम्। अपश्यं तमृषिं विद्धं शरेणानतपर्वणा ॥ तमुग्रतपसं विप्रं निष्टनन्तं महीतले ॥०३-२०५-२७॥
manvānas taṃ mṛgaṃ cāhaṃ samprāptaḥ sahasā munim। apaśyaṃ tam ṛṣiṃ viddhaṃ śareṇānataparvaṇā॥ tam ugratapasaṃ vipraṃ niṣṭanantaṃ mahītale॥03-205-27॥
[मन्वानः (manvānaḥ) - thinking; तं (taṃ) - that; मृगं (mṛgaṃ) - deer; च (ca) - and; अहम् (aham) - I; सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - having arrived; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; मुनिम् (munim) - sage; अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw; तम् (tam) - that; ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage; विद्धम् (viddham) - pierced; शरेण (śareṇa) - by arrow; अनतपर्वणा (anataparvaṇā) - with softened joint; तम् (tam) - that; उग्रतपसम् (ugratapasam) - of severe austerity; विप्रम् (vipram) - Brahmin; निष्टनन्तम् (niṣṭanantam) - groaning; महीतले (mahītale) - on the ground; ॥०३-२०५-२७॥ (03-205-27) -;]
(Thinking that (it was) that deer, I—having arrived suddenly— saw that sage. I saw that sage struck by an arrow with a softened joint. (I saw) that Brahmin of intense austerity, groaning, on the ground.)
Thinking that it was the deer, I suddenly approached and saw the sage—saw that sage, pierced by a softened-jointed arrow: that Brahmin of fierce austerity groaning upon the ground. (3-205-27)
अकार्यकरणाच्चापि भृशं मे व्यथितं मनः। अजानता कृतमिदं मयेत्यथ तमब्रुवम् ॥ क्षन्तुमर्हसि मे ब्रह्मन्निति चोक्तो मया मुनिः ॥०३-२०५-२८॥
akāryakaraṇāccāpi bhṛśaṁ me vyathitaṁ manaḥ। ajānatā kṛtamidaṁ mayetyatha tam abruvam ॥ kṣantum arhasi me brahmann iti cokto mayā muniḥ ॥03-205-28॥
[अकार्यकरणात् (akāryakaraṇāt) - from doing what should not be done; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; भृशं (bhṛśam) - greatly; मे (me) - my; व्यथितं (vyathitam) - agitated; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; अजानता (ajānatā) - by not knowing; कृतम् (kṛtam) - done; इदं (idaṁ) - this; मया (mayā) - by me; इति (iti) - thus; अथ (atha) - then; तम् (tam) - to him; अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I said; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought; मे (me) - me; ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brāhmaṇa; इति (iti) - thus; च (ca) - and; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - was said; मया (mayā) - by me; मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage;]
(From doing what should not be done and also greatly my mind is agitated. By not knowing this done by me thus then to him I said. "To forgive you ought me, O Brāhmaṇa," thus also was said by me to the sage. (03-205-28))
Because of having done what should not be done, my mind is greatly agitated. This was done by me unknowingly, so I said to him, "You ought to forgive me, O Brāhmaṇa." Thus also spoke I to the sage. (03-205-28)
ततः प्रत्यब्रवीद्वाक्यमृषिर्मां क्रोधमूर्छितः। व्याधस्त्वं भविता क्रूर शूद्रयोनाविति द्विज ॥०३-२०५-२९॥
tataḥ pratyabravīd vākyam ṛṣir māṃ krodhamūrchitaḥ। vyādhas tvaṃ bhavitā krūra śūdrayonāv iti dvija ॥03-205-29॥
[ततः (tataḥ) - then; प्रत्यब्रवीत् (pratyabravīt) - he replied; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word; ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - the sage; माम् (mām) - to me; क्रोधमूर्छितः (krodhamūrchitaḥ) - overpowered by anger; व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - a hunter; त्वम् (tvam) - you; भविता (bhavitā) - will become; क्रूर (krūra) - cruel; शूद्रयोनि (śūdrayoni) - in the womb of a śūdra; इति (iti) - thus; द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - the twice-born (Brahmin);]
(Then the sage, overpowered by anger, replied a word to me: 'You will become a cruel hunter in the womb of a śūdra,' thus spoke the twice-born.)
Then the sage, filled with anger, spoke to me: 'You will become a cruel hunter, born in the womb of a śūdra,' said the Brahmin. (03-205-29)
