04.046

भीष्म उवाच॥

bhīṣma uvāca॥

[भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma; (proper noun; name of the speaker); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (spoke);]

(Bhīṣma said;)

Bhīṣma said.

साधु पश्यति वै द्रोणः कृपः साध्वनुपश्यति। कर्णस्तु क्षत्रधर्मेण यथावद्योद्धुमिच्छति ॥०४-४६-१॥

sādhu paśyati vai droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ sādhvanupaśyati। karṇastu kṣatradharmeṇa yathāvadyoddhumicchati ॥04-46-1॥

[साधु (sādhu) - properly; पश्यति (paśyati) - sees; observes; वै (vai) - indeed; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa; कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa; साध्वनुपश्यति (sādhv anupaśyati) - properly considers; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; तु (tu) - but; क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the duty of a warrior; यथावत् (yathāvat) - as is appropriate; योद्धुम् (yoddhum) - to fight; इच्छति (icchati) - desires; wishes;]

(Properly sees indeed Droṇa; Kṛpa properly considers. But Karna, by the duty of a warrior, as is appropriate, desires to fight.)

Droṇa understands things correctly, and Kṛpa too reflects properly. But Karna, acting according to the duty of a warrior, wishes to fight as is fitting. (04-46-1)

आचार्यो नाभिषक्तव्यः पुरुषेण विजानता। देशकालौ तु सम्प्रेक्ष्य योद्धव्यमिति मे मतिः ॥०४-४६-२॥

ācāryo nābhiṣaktavyaḥ puruṣeṇa vijānatā. deśakālau tu samprekṣya yoddhavyam iti me matiḥ ॥04-46-2॥

[आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - teacher; न (na) - not; अभिषक्तव्यः (abhiṣaktavyaḥ) - to be attacked; पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a man; विजानता (vijānatā) - who knows; देशकालौ (deśakālau) - place and time; तु (tu) - but; सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - having considered; योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - is to be fought; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; मति: (matiḥ) - opinion;]

(Teacher not to be attacked by a man who knows; place and time, however, having considered, is to be fought thus my opinion.)

A teacher should not be attacked by a person who understands; however, my view is that fighting should be done after considering the place and time. (04-46-2)

यस्य सूर्यसमाः पञ्च सपत्नाः स्युः प्रहारिणः। कथमभ्युदये तेषां न प्रमुह्येत पण्डितः ॥०४-४६-३॥

yasya sūryasamāḥ pañca sapatnāḥ syuḥ prahāriṇaḥ। katham abhyudaye teṣāṃ na pramuhyeta paṇḍitaḥ॥04-46-3॥

[यस्य (yasya) - whose; सूर्यसमाः (sūryasamāḥ) - equal to the sun; पञ्च (pañca) - five; सप्त्नाः (sapatnāḥ) - enemies; स्युः (syuḥ) - might be; प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - strikers; कथम् (katham) - how; अभ्युदये (abhyudaye) - at the rise; तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them; न (na) - not; प्रमुह्येत (pramuhyeta) - would be bewildered; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person;]

(Whose five enemies, equal to the sun, might be strikers; how at the rise of them would not a wise person be bewildered?)

If someone has five enemies as powerful as the sun and aggressive, how could even a wise person not be bewildered at their rise? (04-46-3)

स्वार्थे सर्वे विमुह्यन्ति येऽपि धर्मविदो जनाः। तस्माद्राजन्ब्रवीम्येष वाक्यं ते यदि रोचते ॥०४-४६-४॥

svārthe sarve vimuḥyanti ye'pi dharmavido janāḥ। tasmādrājanbravīmyeṣa vākyaṁ te yadi rocate ॥04-46-4॥

[स्वार्थे (svārthe) - in self-interest; सर्वे (sarve) - all; विमुह्यन्ति (vimuḥyanti) - become deluded; येऽपि (ye'pi) - even those who; धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of dharma; जनाः (janāḥ) - people; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I say; एष (eṣa) - this; वाक्यम् (vākyaṁ) - word; ते (te) - to you; यदि (yadi) - if; रोचते (rocaté) - pleases;]

(In self-interest all become deluded, even those who know dharma, people. Therefore, O king, I say this word to you, if it pleases.)

All people become deluded by self-interest, even those who know dharma. Therefore, O king, I speak these words to you, if they please you. (04-46-4)

कर्णो यदभ्यवोचन्नस्तेजःसञ्जननाय तत्। आचार्यपुत्रः क्षमतां महत्कार्यमुपस्थितम् ॥०४-४६-५॥

karṇo yad abhyavocan na tejaḥ sañjananāya tat. ācāryaputraḥ kṣamatāṃ mahat kāryam upasthitam ॥04-46-5॥

[कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa; (Proper noun; यत् (yat) - that which; अभ्यवोचन (abhyavocan) - spoke about; (third person singular perfect of abhi-ava-√vac; न (na) - not; तेजः (tejaḥ) - vigor; energy; सञ्जननाय (sañjananāya) - for the generation (so as to produce; तत् (tat) - that; आचार्यपुत्रः (ācāryaputraḥ) - the teacher's son; (referring to Aśvatthāman; क्षमताम् (kṣamatām) - may be capable; (imperative/optative third person singular of kṣam; महत् (mahat) - great; कार्यम् (kāryam) - work; task; उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - has arrived; is present;]

(Karṇa, that which spoke about, not for the generation of vigor, that. The teacher's son may be capable; great work has arrived.)

What Karṇa spoke about was not for the generation of vigor. Let the teacher's son be capable, as a great task has arrived. (04-46-5)

नायं कालो विरोधस्य कौन्तेये समुपस्थिते। क्षन्तव्यं भवता सर्वमाचार्येण कृपेण च ॥०४-४६-६॥

nāyaṁ kālo virodhasya kaunteye samupasthite। kṣantavyaṁ bhavatā sarvam-ācāryeṇa kṛpeṇa ca ॥04-46-6॥

[न (na) - not; अयम् (ayam) - this; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; विरोधस्य (virodhasya) - of opposition; कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - son of Kuntī (Arjuna); समुपस्थिते (samupasthite) - having arrived; क्षन्तव्यम् (kṣantavyam) - should be forgiven; भवता (bhavatā) - by you; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आचार्येण (ācāryeṇa) - by the teacher (Droṇa); कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - by Kṛpa; च (ca) - and;]

(Not this time of opposition, Kaunteya, having arrived. Should be forgiven by you all, by the teacher, by Kṛpa and.)

This is not the time for opposition, O son of Kuntī, now that the moment has arrived. Everything should be forgiven by you, by the teacher, and by Kṛpa. (04-46-6)

भवतां हि कृतास्त्रत्वं यथादित्ये प्रभा तथा। यथा चन्द्रमसो लक्ष्म सर्वथा नापकृष्यते ॥ एवं भवत्सु ब्राह्मण्यं ब्रह्मास्त्रं च प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥०४-४६-७॥

bhavatāṁ hi kṛtāstratvaṁ yathāditye prabhā tathā। yathā candramaso lakṣma sarvathā nāpakṛṣyate ॥ evaṁ bhavatsu brāhmaṇyaṁ brahmāstraṁ ca pratiṣṭhitam ॥04-46-7॥

[भवताम् (bhavatām) (bhavatām) - of you (plural); हि (hi) (hi) - indeed; कृतास्त्रत्वम् (kṛtāstratvam) (kṛtāstratvam) - the state of having mastered weapons; यथा (yathā) (yathā) - just as; आदित्ये (āditye) (āditye) - in the sun; प्रभा (prabhā) (prabhā) - light; तथा (tathā) (tathā) - so; यथा (yathā) (yathā) - just as; चन्द्रमसः (candramasaḥ) (candramasaḥ) - of the moon; लक्ष्म (lakṣma) (lakṣma) - lustre; सर्वथा (sarvathā) (sarvathā) - in every way; नापकृष्यते (nāpakṛṣyate) (nāpakṛṣyate) - is not separated; एवं (evaṁ) (evaṁ) - thus; भवत्सु (bhavatsu) (bhavatsu) - in you (plural); ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) (brāhmaṇyam) - Brahminhood; ब्रह्मास्त्रं (brahmāstram) (brahmāstram) - Brahma-weapon; च (ca) (ca) - and; प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) (pratiṣṭhitam) - established;]

(Of you indeed the state of having mastered weapons, just as in the sun light so; just as of the moon lustre in every way is not separated; thus in you Brahminhood and the Brahma-weapon and are established. (04-46-7))

Indeed, the mastery of weapons is in you just as light is in the sun, just as lustre is never separated from the moon in any way; thus, in you, Brahminhood and the Brahma-weapon alike are firmly established. (04-46-7)

चत्वार एकतो वेदाः क्षात्रमेकत्र दृश्यते। नैतत्समस्तमुभयं कस्मिंश्चिदनुशुश्रुमः ॥०४-४६-८॥

catvāra ekato vedāḥ kṣātram ekatra dṛśyate। naitat samastam ubhayaṃ kasmiṃścid anuśuśrumaḥ॥04-46-8॥

[चत्वार (catvāra) - four; एकतः (ekataḥ) - on one side; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - Vedas; क्षात्रम् (kṣātram) - the kṣātra (warriorly power/fame/virtue); एकत्र (ekatra) - in one place; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; समस्तम् (samastam) - entire; उभयम् (ubhayam) - both; कस्मिंश्चित् (kasmiṃścit) - in any (one); अनुशुश्रुमः (anuśuśrumaḥ) - we have heard;]

(Four (Vedas) on one side, the kṣātra in one place is seen. Not this entire both in any one we have heard.)

We have seen the four Vedas on one side and the power of Kṣātra in one place, but we have never heard that both these qualities are found entirely together in any one person. (04-46-8)

अन्यत्र भारताचार्यात्सपुत्रादिति मे मतिः। ब्रह्मास्त्रं चैव वेदाश्च नैतदन्यत्र दृश्यते ॥०४-४६-९॥

anyatra bhāratācāryāt-saputrāditi me matiḥ। brahmāstraṃ caiva vedāśca naitadanyatra dṛśyate ॥04-46-9॥

[अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; भारताचार्यात्-सपुत्रात् (bhāratācāryāt-saputrāt) - from Bhāratācārya together with his son; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion; ब्रह्मास्त्रं (brahmāstram) - brahmāstra (celestial weapon); च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; वेदाः (vedāḥ) - Vedas; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere; दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen;]

(Elsewhere, from Bhāratācārya together with his son, thus is my opinion; brahmāstra and indeed the Vedas and this not elsewhere is seen.)

It is my opinion that, apart from Bhāratācārya and his son, the brahmāstra weapon and the Vedas and such are not to be found elsewhere. (04-46-9)

आचार्यपुत्रः क्षमतां नायं कालः स्वभेदने। सर्वे संहत्य युध्यामः पाकशासनिमागतम् ॥०४-४६-१०॥

ācāryaputraḥ kṣamatāṃ nāyaṃ kālaḥ svabhedane. sarve saṃhatya yudhyāmaḥ pākaśāsanimāgatam ॥04-46-10॥

[आचार्यपुत्रः (ācāryaputraḥ) - son of the teacher; क्षमताम् (kṣamatām) - may (he) forgive; न (na) - not; अयम् (ayam) - this; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; स्वभेदने (svabhedane) - for dissension; सर्वे (sarve) - all (of us); संहत्य (saṃhatya) - having come together; युध्यामः (yudhyāmaḥ) - let us fight; पाकशासनिम् (pākaśāsanim) - Indra (lit. wielder of the bolt); आगतम् (āgatam) - has come;]

(Son of the teacher, may he forgive, not this time for dissension. All (of us) having come together, let us fight Indra who has come.)

The son of the teacher—may he forgive—this is not the time for discord. Let us all unite and fight against Indra, who has arrived. (04-46-10)

बलस्य व्यसनानीह यान्युक्तानि मनीषिभिः। मुख्यो भेदो हि तेषां वै पापिष्ठो विदुषां मतः ॥०४-४६-११॥

balasya vyasanāni iha yāni uktāni manīṣibhiḥ। mukhyaḥ bhedaḥ hi teṣām vai pāpiṣṭhaḥ viduṣām mataḥ ॥04-46-11॥

[बलस्य (balasya) - of strength; व्यसनानि (vyasanāni) - calamities; इह (iha) - here; यानि (yāni) - which; उक्तानि (uktāni) - are spoken; मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise; मुख्यः (mukhyaḥ) - chief; भेदः (bhedaḥ) - division; हि (hi) - indeed; तेषां (teṣām) - among those; वै (vai) - verily; पापिष्ठः (pāpiṣṭhaḥ) - most sinful; विदुषां (viduṣām) - of the wise; मतः (mataḥ) - regarded;]

(Of strength the calamities here which are spoken by the wise, chief division indeed among those verily, the most sinful is regarded by the wise.)

Among the calamities of strength described here by the wise, division is indeed regarded by the learned as the chief and most sinful. (04-46-11)

अश्वत्थामोवाच॥

aśvatthāmo vāca॥

[अश्वत्थामः (aśvatthāmaḥ) - Aśvatthāma; (proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Aśvatthāma said;)

Aśvatthāma said.

आचार्य एव क्षमतां शान्तिरत्र विधीयताम्। अभिषज्यमाने हि गुरौ तद्वृत्तं रोषकारितम् ॥०४-४६-१२॥

ācārya eva kṣamatāṃ śāntir atra vidhīyatām। abhiṣajyamāne hi gurau tadvṛttaṃ roṣakāritam॥04-46-12॥

[आचार्य (ācārya) - teacher; एव (eva) - only; indeed; क्षमतां (kṣamatām) - let (him) forgive; शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - peace; tranquility; अत्र (atra) - here; in this matter; विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let (it) be established; let (it) be arranged; अभिषज्यमाने (abhiṣajyamāne) - (when he is) being reproached; हि (hi) - indeed; because; गुरौ (gurau) - in the teacher; towards the teacher; तद्वृत्तम् (tadvṛttam) - that conduct; his behavior; रोषकारितम् (roṣakāritam) - caused by anger; produced by wrath;]

(Teacher only let forgive, peace here let it be established. When being reproached indeed in the teacher, that conduct is caused by anger.)

Let only the teacher grant forgiveness, and let peace be established here. When the teacher is being reproached, that conduct is indeed born of anger. (04-46-12)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (a proper name); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Vaiśampāyana said.)

Vaiśampāyana said.

ततो दुर्योधनो द्रोणं क्षमयामास भारत। सह कर्णेन भीष्मेण कृपेण च महात्मना ॥०४-४६-१३॥

tato duryodhanо droṇaṃ kṣamayām āsa bhārata. saha karṇena bhīṣmeṇa kṛpeṇa ca mahātmanā ॥04-46-13॥

[ततः (tataḥ) - then; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa; क्षमयाम् आस (kṣamayām āsa) - begged pardon; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; सह (saha) - together with; कर्णेन (karṇena) - with Karṇa; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - with Bhīṣma; कृपेण (kṛpeṇa) - with Kṛpa; च (ca) - and; महात्मना (mahātmanā) - with the great-souled one;]

(Then Duryodhana begged Droṇa for pardon, O Bhārata, together with Karṇa, Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and the great-souled one.)

Then Duryodhana, along with Karṇa, Bhīṣma, Kṛpa, and the noble-minded one, sought forgiveness from Droṇa, O Bhārata. (04-46-13)

द्रोण उवाच॥

droṇa uvāca॥

[द्रोण (droṇa) - Droṇa (proper noun, name of a sage/teacher); उवाच (uvāca) - said;]

(Droṇa said;)

Droṇa said.

यदेव प्रथमं वाक्यं भीष्मः शान्तनवोऽब्रवीत्। तेनैवाहं प्रसन्नो वै परमत्र विधीयताम् ॥०४-४६-१४॥

yad eva prathamaṃ vākyaṃ bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavo'bravīt। tenaiva ahaṃ prasanno vai param atra vidhīyatām॥04-46-14॥

[यत् (yat) - which; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रथमं (prathamaṃ) - first; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - speech; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma; शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Śāntanu; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke; तेन (tena) - by that; एव (eva) - indeed; अहम् (aham) - I; प्रसन्नः (prasannaḥ) - pleased; वै (vai) - truly; परम् (param) - supreme; अत्र (atra) - here; विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let it be performed;]

(Which indeed first speech Bhīṣma, son of Śāntanu, spoke; by that indeed I am pleased, truly let the supreme here be performed.)

Whatever speech Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu, first spoke—by that I am truly pleased; let that supreme thing here be done. (04-46-14)

यथा दुर्योधनेऽयत्ते नागः स्पृशति सैनिकान्। साहसाद्यदि वा मोहात्तथा नीतिर्विधीयताम् ॥०४-४६-१५॥

yathā duryodhané' yatte nāgaḥ spṛśati sainikān। sāhasād yadi vā mohāt tathā nītir vidhīyatām॥04-46-15॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; दुर्योधनेऽयत्ते (duryodhané' yatte) - dependent on Duryodhana; नागः (nāgaḥ) - elephant; स्पृशति (spṛśati) - touches; सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers; साहसात् (sāhasāt) - through boldness; यदि (yadi) - if; वा (vā) - or; मोहात् (mohāt) - through delusion; तथा (tathā) - so; नीति (nīti) - policy; विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let be determined;]

(Just as, dependent on Duryodhana, the elephant touches the soldiers; through boldness if or through delusion, so the policy let be determined.)

Just as, when dependent on Duryodhana, the elephant touches the soldiers either out of boldness or delusion, so let the policy be determined. (04-46-15)

वनवासे ह्यनिर्वृत्ते दर्शयेन्न धनञ्जयः। धनं वालभमानोऽत्र नाद्य नः क्षन्तुमर्हति ॥०४-४६-१६॥

vanavāse hy anirvṛtte darśayen na dhanañjayaḥ। dhanaṃ vālabhamāno'tra nādya naḥ kṣantum arhhati॥04-46-16॥

[वनवासे (vanavāse) (vanavāse) - in the forest-dwelling; हि (hi) (hi) - indeed; अनिर्वृत्ते (anirvṛtte) (anirvṛtte) - not completed; दर्शयेत् (darśayet) (darśayet) - should show; न (na) (na) - not; धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna); धनं (dhanaṃ) (dhanaṃ) - wealth; वालभमानः (vālabhamānaḥ) (vālabhamānaḥ) - desiring to seize; अत्र (atra) (atra) - here; न (na) (na) - not; अद्य (adya) (adya) - today; नः (naḥ) (naḥ) - us; क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) (kṣantum) - to forgive; अर्हति (arhati) (arhati) - is worthy;]

(In the forest-dwelling indeed not completed, Dhanañjaya should not show wealth; one desiring to seize here today is not worthy to forgive us.)

Since the forest exile is not yet completed, Dhanañjaya should not display wealth; anyone wishing to seize it here today is not justified in forgiving us. (04-46-16)

यथा नायं समायुज्याद्धार्तराष्ट्रान्कथञ्चन। यथा च न पराजय्यात्तथा नीतिर्विधीयताम् ॥०४-४६-१७॥

yathā nāyaṁ samāyujyād-dhārtarāṣṭrān-kathaṁcana। yathā ca na parājayyāt-tathā nītir-vidhīyatām ॥04-46-17॥

[यथा (yathā) - as; in such a way; so that; न (na) - not; अयम् (ayam) - he; this (person); समायुज्यात् (samāyujyāt) - be joined together; be united; धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; कथञ्चन (kathaṁcana) - in any way; by any means; यथा (yathā) - as; in such a way; च (ca) - and; also; न (na) - not; पराजय्यात् (parājayyāt) - be conquered; be defeated; तथा (tathā) - so; in such a way; नीति: (nītiḥ) - policy; conduct; विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - should be arranged; should be established;]

(So that not he be united with the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra in any way, and so that not he be conquered, so the policy should be arranged.)

Arrange the policy so that he is not in any way joined with the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and so that he may not be defeated. (04-46-17)

उक्तं दुर्योधनेनापि पुरस्ताद्वाक्यमीदृशम्। तदनुस्मृत्य गाङ्गेय यथावद्वक्तुमर्हसि ॥०४-४६-१८॥

uktaṁ duryodhanenāpi purastād vākyam īdṛśam. tad anusmṛtya gāṅgeya yathāvat vaktum arhasi ॥04-46-18॥

[उक्तं (uktaṁ) - spoken; दुर्योधनेनापि (duryodhanena api) - by Duryodhana also; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - before; वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech; ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such; तत् (tat) - that; अनुस्मृत्य (anusmṛtya) - having recalled; गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - O son of Gaṅgā; यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought;]

(Spoken by Duryodhana also before, such speech; that having recalled, O son of Gaṅgā, properly to speak you ought.)

O son of Gaṅgā, you ought to speak properly after recalling such words that were spoken by Duryodhana before. (04-46-18)