04.045

अश्वत्थामोवाच॥

aśvatthāmo vāca॥

[अश्वत्थामः (aśvatthāmaḥ) - Aśvatthāman; (a proper name; the speaker); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Aśvatthāman said;)

Aśvatthāman said.

न च तावज्जिता गावो न च सीमान्तरं गताः। न हास्तिनपुरं प्राप्तास्त्वं च कर्ण विकत्थसे ॥०४-४५-१॥

na ca tāvajjitā gāvo na ca sīmāntaraṃ gatāḥ। na hāstinapuraṃ prāptāstvaṃ ca karṇa vikaththase ॥04-45-1॥

[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; तावत् (tāvat) - thus far; जिता (jitāḥ) - won; conquered; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; सीमान्तरम् (sīmāntaram) - boundary; border; गताः (gatāḥ) - have reached; न (na) - not; हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hastinapura; प्राप्ताः (prāptāḥ) - have arrived; त्वम् (tvam) - you; च (ca) - and; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; विकत्थसे (vikatthase) - boast;]

(Not and thus far the cows have been won, not and the boundary have reached; not Hastinapura have arrived; you and Karna, you boast.)

The cows have not yet been won, nor have they crossed the boundary, nor have they reached Hastinapura; yet, Karna, you boast. (04-45-1)

सङ्ग्रामान्सुबहूञ्जित्वा लब्ध्वा च विपुलं धनम्। विजित्य च परां भूमिं नाहुः किञ्चन पौरुषम् ॥०४-४५-२॥

saṅgrāmāṁsubahūñjitvā labdhvā ca vipulaṁ dhanam। vijitya ca parāṁ bhūmiṁ nāhuḥ kiñcana pauruṣam॥04-45-2॥

[सङ्ग्रामान् (saṅgrāmān) - battles; (accusative plural); सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many; (accusative plural); जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained; च (ca) - and; विपुलं (vipulam) - ample; great; धनम् (dhanam) - wealth; (accusative singular); विजित्य (vijitya) - having conquered thoroughly; च (ca) - and; पराम् (parām) - other; another; (accusative singular, feminine); भूमिम् (bhūmim) - land; earth; (accusative singular); न (na) - not; आहुः (āhuḥ) - (they) called; said; किञ्चन (kiñcana) - any; पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - manliness; effort; prowess;]

(Having conquered very many battles and having obtained ample wealth, and having thoroughly conquered the other land, (they) did not call (it) any manliness.)

After conquering many battles, obtaining great wealth, and overcoming other lands, they did not call this any manliness at all. (04-45-2)

पचत्यग्निरवाक्यस्तु तूष्णीं भाति दिवाकरः। तूष्णीं धारयते लोकान्वसुधा सचराचरान् ॥०४-४५-३॥

pachaty agnir avākyas tu tūṣṇīṃ bhāti divākaraḥ। tūṣṇīṃ dhārayate lokān vasudhā sacarācarān ॥04-45-3॥

[पचति (pachati) - cooks; अग्निः (agniḥ) - Agni; fire; अवाक्यः (avākyaḥ) - wordless; silent; तु (tu) - but; तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīṃ) - silently; in silence; भाति (bhāti) - shines; दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - Sun; तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīṃ) - silently; धारयते (dhārayate) - sustains; upholds; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; वसुधा (vasudhā) - earth; सचराचरान् (sacarācarān) - with moving and unmoving beings; all animate and inanimate;]

(Agni cooks, wordless; but the Sun shines silently; silently, the earth upholds the worlds with all moving and unmoving beings.)

Agni cooks without proclaiming; the Sun silently gives light; and the earth silently supports all the worlds with their moving and unmoving beings. (04-45-3)

चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य कर्माणि विहितानि मनीषिभिः। धनं यैरधिगन्तव्यं यच्च कुर्वन्न दुष्यति ॥०४-४५-४॥

cāturvarṇyasya karmāṇi vihitāni manīṣibhiḥ। dhanaṃ yair adhigantavyaṃ yacca kurvan na duṣyati ॥04-45-4॥

[चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य (cāturvarṇyasya) - of the fourfold order; कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - actions; विहितानि (vihitāni) - prescribed; मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise; धनं (dhanaṃ) - wealth; यैः (yair) - by which; अधिगन्तव्यं (adhigantavyaṃ) - to be obtained; यत् (yat) - and which; च (ca) - and; कुर्वन् (kurvan) - while doing; न (na) - not; दुष्यति (duṣyati) - is corrupted;]

(The actions of the fourfold order, prescribed by the wise, by which wealth is to be obtained, and which, while acting, one is not corrupted.)

The duties of the four classes, prescribed by the wise, are those by which wealth may be acquired and, when performed, do not lead to corruption. (04-45-4)

अधीत्य ब्राह्मणो वेदान्याजयेत यजेत च। क्षत्रियो धनुराश्रित्य यजेतैव न याजयेत् ॥ वैश्योऽधिगम्य द्रव्याणि ब्रह्मकर्माणि कारयेत् ॥०४-४५-५॥

adhītya brāhmaṇo vedān yājayet yajeta ca। kṣatriyo dhanur āśritya yajet aiva na yājayet॥ vaiśyo 'dhigamya dravyāṇi brahmakarmāṇi kārayet॥04-45-5॥

[अधीत्य (adhītya) - having studied; ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Brahmin; वेदान् (vedān) - Vedas; याजयेत् (yājayet) - should cause to be performed sacrifice; यजेत (yajeta) - should perform sacrifice; च (ca) - and; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - Kshatriya; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to; यजेत् (yajet) - should perform sacrifice; एव (eva) - only; न (na) - not; याजयेत् (yājayet) - should cause to be performed sacrifice; वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - Vaishya; अधिगम्य (adhigamya) - having obtained; द्रव्याणि (dravyāṇi) - wealth; ब्रह्मकर्माणि (brahmakarmāṇi) - Brahmin-rites; कारयेत् (kārayet) - should cause to be performed;]

(Having studied, a Brahmin (the) Vedas should cause (sacrifices) to be performed, should perform sacrifice and. A Kshatriya, having resorted to the bow, should perform sacrifice only, not should cause (sacrifice) to be performed. A Vaishya, having obtained wealth, should cause Brahmin-rites to be performed. (04-45-5))

Having studied the Vedas, a Brahmin should both perform sacrifices himself and cause them to be performed. A Kshatriya, relying on his bow, should perform sacrifices himself only, and not cause them to be performed. A Vaishya, having acquired wealth, should have Brahmin-rites performed. (04-45-5)

वर्तमाना यथाशास्त्रं प्राप्य चापि महीमिमाम्। सत्कुर्वन्ति महाभागा गुरून्सुविगुणानपि ॥०४-४५-६॥

vartamānā yathāśāstraṃ prāpya cāpi mahīmimām। satkurvanti mahābhāgā gurūn suvi-guṇān api ॥04-45-6॥

[वर्तमाना (vartamānā) - those who are present; those existing; यथाशास्त्रं (yathāśāstram) - according to śāstra (scripture); प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; having acquired; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; too; महीम् (mahīm) - earth; land; इमाम् (imām) - this; सत्कुर्वन्ति (satkurvanti) - they honor; they respect; महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - the greatly fortunate; गुरून् (gurūn) - teachers; सुविगुणान् (suvi-guṇān) - endowed with excellent qualities; अपि (api) - even;]

(Those existing, according to scripture, having obtained also this earth, the greatly fortunate honor teachers endowed with excellent qualities even.)

The greatly fortunate, having attained this earth in accordance with the scriptures, also honor teachers who are endowed with excellent qualities. (04-45-6)

प्राप्य द्यूतेन को राज्यं क्षत्रियस्तोष्टुमर्हति। तथा नृशंसरूपेण यथान्यः प्राकृतो जनः ॥०४-४५-७॥

prāpya dyūtena ko rājyaṃ kṣatriyastoṣṭumarhati। tathā nṛśaṃsarūpeṇa yathānyaḥ prākṛto janaḥ ॥04-45-7॥

[प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained; द्यूतेन (dyūtena) - by gambling; कः (kaḥ) - who; राज्यम् (rājyaṃ) - kingdom; क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya; तोष्टुम् (toṣṭum) - to be pleased; अर्हति (arhati) - is worthy; तथा (tathā) - in the same way; नृशंसरूपेण (nṛśaṃsarūpeṇa) - by cruel form (nature); यथा (yathā) - as; अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other; प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary; जनः (janaḥ) - person;]

(Having obtained a kingdom by gambling, which kṣatriya is worthy to be pleased? In the same way, by a cruel nature, as another ordinary person.)

Which kṣatriya is worthy of being satisfied at acquiring a kingdom through gambling? In the same way, with a cruel disposition, just like any ordinary person. (04-45-7)

तथावाप्तेषु वित्तेषु को विकत्थेद्विचक्षणः। निकृत्या वञ्चनायोगैश्चरन्वैतंसिको यथा ॥०४-४५-८॥

tathā-vāpteṣu vitteṣu ko vikatthēt vicakṣaṇaḥ। nikṛtyā vañcanāyōgaiścaran vaitaṁsikō yathā॥04-45-8॥

[तथा (tathā) - in that manner; वाप्तेषु (vāpteṣu) - having been acquired; वित्तेषु (vitteṣu) - in wealths; कः (kaḥ) - who; विकत्थेत् (vikatthēt) - would boast; विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - the wise one; निकृत्या (nikṛtyā) - by deceit; वञ्चनायोगैः (vañcanāyōgaiḥ) - by means of cheating devices; चरन् (caran) - conducting oneself; वैतंसिकः (vaitaṁsikaḥ) - juggler; यथा (yathā) - like;]

(In that manner, amidst acquired wealths, who would boast, the wise one? By deceit, by means of cheating devices, conducting oneself like a juggler.)

Who among the wise would boast of wealth thus acquired, like a juggler who moves by means of deceit and tricks? (04-45-8)

कतमद्द्वैरथं युद्धं यत्राजैषीर्धनञ्जयम्। नकुलं सहदेवं च धनं येषां त्वया हृतम् ॥०४-४५-९॥

katamaddvairathaṃ yuddhaṃ yatrājaiṣīrdhanañjayam. nakulaṃ sahadevaṃ ca dhanaṃ yeṣāṃ tvayā hṛtam ॥04-45-9॥

[कतमद्द्वैरथं (katamaddvairathaṃ) - which chariot-war; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; यत्र (yatra) - where; अजैषीः (ajaiṣīḥ) - you conquered; धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna); नकुलं (nakulaṃ) - Nakula; सहदेवं (sahadevaṃ) - Sahadeva; च (ca) - and; धनं (dhanaṃ) - wealth; येṣां (yeṣāṃ) - of whom; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; हृतम् (hṛtam) - was taken;]

(Which chariot-war battle where you conquered Dhanañjaya, Nakula, Sahadeva and the wealth of whom by you was taken.)

In which chariot-battle did you defeat Dhanañjaya, as well as Nakula and Sahadeva, and seize their wealth by your own hands? (04-45-9)

युधिष्ठिरो जितः कस्मिन्भीमश्च बलिनां वरः। इन्द्रप्रस्थं त्वया कस्मिन्सङ्ग्रामे निर्जितं पुरा ॥०४-४५-१०॥

yudhiṣṭhiro jitaḥ kasmin bhīmaś ca balināṃ varaḥ। indraprasthaṃ tvayā kasmin saṅgrāme nirjitaṃ purā ॥04-45-10॥

[युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira; जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered; कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which; भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma; च (ca) - and; बलिनां (balināṃ) - of the strong; वरः (varaḥ) - the foremost; इन्द्रप्रस्थम् (indraprastham) - Indraprastha; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in which; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - battle; निर्जितम् (nirjitam) - conquered; पुरा (purā) - formerly;]

(Yudhiṣṭhira conquered in which, and Bhīma the foremost of the strong, Indraprastha by you in which battle conquered formerly.)

In which was Yudhiṣṭhira conquered, and Bhīma the foremost of the strong? In which battle, formerly, was Indraprastha conquered by you? (04-45-10)

तथैव कतमं युद्धं यस्मिन्कृष्णा जिता त्वया। एकवस्त्रा सभां नीता दुष्टकर्मन्रजस्वला ॥०४-४५-११॥

tathaiva katamaṃ yuddhaṃ yasmin kṛṣṇā jitā tvayā। ekavastrā sabhāṃ nītā duṣṭakarman rajasvalā ॥04-45-11॥

[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; कत्मं (katamaṃ) - which; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which; कृष्णा (kṛṣṇā) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī); जिता (jitā) - was won; त्वया (tvayā) - by you; एकवस्त्रा (ekavastrā) - with a single garment; सभां (sabhāṃ) - to the assembly; नीता (nītā) - was brought; दुष्टकर्मन् (duṣṭakarman) - wicked-deed; रजस्वला (rajasvalā) - menstruating woman;]

(In the same way, which battle in which Kṛṣṇā was won by you? With a single garment, menstruating, she of wicked deed was brought to the assembly.)

In the same way, which battle was it where you won Kṛṣṇā? She, menstruating and wearing only a single garment, was brought to the assembly by you, a wicked act. (04-45-11)

मूलमेषां महत्कृत्तं सारार्थी चन्दनं यथा। कर्म कारयिथाः शूर तत्र किं विदुरोऽब्रवीत् ॥०४-४५-१२॥

mūlamēṣāṃ mahatkṛttaṃ sārārthī candanaṃ yathā। karma kārayithāḥ śūra tatra kiṃ viduro'bravīt ॥04-45-12॥

[मूलमेषां (mūlam-eṣāṃ) - of these roots; of the roots of these; महत्-कृत्तं (mahat-kṛttam) - greatly cut; greatly scraped; सारार्थी (sāra-arthī) - seeker of essence; one seeking the core; चन्दनं (candanaṃ) - sandalwood; यथा (yathā) - just as; कर्म (karma) - action; act; कारयिथाः (kārayithāḥ) - you have caused to be done; शूर (śūra) - hero; brave one; तत्र (tatra) - there; in that context; किं (kiṃ) - what; विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said;]

(Of the roots of these, greatly cut, the seeker of essence (acts) towards sandalwood, just as. Action you have caused to be done, O hero, there. What did Vidura say? (04-45-12))

Just as one seeking the essence cuts deeply into the roots of sandalwood, so did you accomplish this act, O brave one, there. What did Vidura say? (04-45-12)

यथाशक्ति मनुष्याणां शममालक्षयामहे। अन्येषां चैव सत्त्वानामपि कीटपिपीलिके ॥०४-४५-१३॥

yathāśakti manuṣyāṇāṃ śamam ālakṣayāmahe। anyeṣāṃ ca eva sattvānām api kīṭapipīlike ॥04-45-13॥

[यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to power; as much as possible; मनुष्याणां (manuṣyāṇām) - of men; of human beings; शमम् (śamam) - peace; tranquility; आलक्षयामहे (ālakṣayāmahe) - we perceive; we observe; अन्येषां (anyeṣām) - of others; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; certainly; सत्त्वानाम् (sattvānām) - of living beings; अपि (api) - also; even; कीटपिपीलिके (kīṭapipīlike) - insect and ant;]

(According to power of men peace we perceive; of others and indeed of living beings also insect and ant.)

We observe the peace of men according to their capacities, and likewise the peace of other living beings, even of insects and ants. (04-45-13)

द्रौपद्यास्तं परिक्लेशं न क्षन्तुं पाण्डवोऽर्हति। दुःखाय धार्तराष्ट्राणां प्रादुर्भूतो धनञ्जयः ॥०४-४५-१४॥

draupadyāstaṃ parikleśaṃ na kṣantuṃ pāṇḍavo'rhati। duḥkhāya dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṃ prādurbhūto dhanañjayaḥ ॥04-45-14॥

[द्रौपद्याः (draupadyāḥ) - of Draupadī; तं (taṃ) - that; परिक्लेशं (parikleśam) - affliction; न (na) - not; क्षन्तुं (kṣantum) - to forgive; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the Pāṇḍava; अर्हति (arhati) - should; दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for the sorrow; धार्तराष्ट्राणां (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; प्रादुर्भूतः (prādurbhūtaḥ) - has appeared; धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna);]

(Of Draupadī, that affliction not to forgive, the Pāṇḍava should. For the sorrow of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, has appeared Dhanañjaya (Arjuna).)

The Pāṇḍava should not forgive that affliction of Draupadī. Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) has arisen for the suffering of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (04-45-14)

त्वं पुनः पण्डितो भूत्वा वाचं वक्तुमिहेच्छसि। वैरान्तकरणो जिष्णुर्न नः शेषं करिष्यति ॥०४-४५-१५॥

tvaṃ punaḥ paṇḍito bhūtvā vācaṃ vaktumihecchasi। vairāntakaraṇo jiṣṇur na naḥ śeṣaṃ kariṣyati ॥04-45-15॥

[त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; पुनः (punaḥ) - again; पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - learned; wise; भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become; वाचम् (vācam) - speech; words; वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak; इह (iha) - here; इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish; वैरान्तकरणः (vairāntakaraṇaḥ) - one who causes the end of enmity; जिष्णुः (jiṣṇuḥ) - the victorious; conqueror; न (na) - not; नः (naḥ) - for us; शेषम् (śeṣam) - what is left; remainder; करिष्यति (kariṣyati) - will do; will leave;]

(You, again having become wise, here wish to speak words. The victorious one who brings the end of enmity will not leave anything remaining for us.)

You, having again made yourself out to be wise, wish to speak words here. The victorious one who puts an end to enmity will not leave anything remaining for us. (04-45-15)

नैष देवान्न गन्धर्वान्नासुरान्न च राक्षसान्। भयादिह न युध्येत कुन्तीपुत्रो धनञ्जयः ॥०४-४५-१६॥

naiṣa devānna gandharvān-nāsurān-na ca rākṣasān। bhayādiha na yudhyeta kuntī-putro dhanañjayaḥ॥04-45-16॥

[नैष (naiṣa) - not this one; देवान् (devān) - gods; न (na) - not; गन्धर्वान् (gandharvān) - gandharvas; न (na) - not; असुरान् (asurān) - asuras; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - rākṣasas; भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear; इह (iha) - here; न (na) - not; युध्येत (yudhyeta) - would fight; कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntī-putraḥ) - son of Kuntī; धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Dhanañjaya;]

(Not this one, gods, nor gandharvas, nor asuras, nor and rākṣasas; from fear here not would fight the son of Kuntī, Dhanañjaya.)

Neither gods, nor gandharvas, nor asuras, nor rākṣasas—none of these would cause Dhanañjaya, the son of Kuntī, to refrain from battle here due to fear. (04-45-16)

यं यमेषोऽभिसङ्क्रुद्धः सङ्ग्रामेऽभिपतिष्यति। वृक्षं गरुडवेगेन विनिहत्य तमेष्यति ॥०४-४५-१७॥

yaṃ yameṣo'bhisaṅkruddhaḥ saṅgrāme'bhipatiṣyati। vṛkṣaṃ garuḍavegena vinihatya tameṣyati॥04-45-17॥

[यं (yaṃ) - whom; यमेषः (yameṣaḥ) - Yama's lord (the god of death); अभिसङ्क्रुद्धः (abhisaṅkruddhaḥ) - having become intensely angry; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; अभिपतिष्यति (abhipatiṣyati) - will rush upon; वृक्षं (vṛkṣam) - tree; गरुडवेगेन (garuḍavegena) - with the speed of Garuḍa; विनिहत्य (vinihatya) - having struck down; तम् (tam) - him; एष्यति (eṣyati) - will go (to);]

(Whom Yama's lord, having become intensely angry, will rush upon in battle; having struck down the tree with the speed of Garuda, will go to him.)

Whoever Yama's lord, in his great anger, will rush upon in battle, having struck down a tree with the swiftness of Garuda, to him will he go. (04-45-17)

त्वत्तो विशिष्टं वीर्येण धनुष्यमरराट्समम्। वासुदेवसमं युद्धे तं पार्थं को न पूजयेत् ॥०४-४५-१८॥

tvattō viśiṣṭaṃ vīryeṇa dhanuṣyamara-rāṭ-samam। vāsudeva-samaṃ yuddhe taṃ pārthaṃ ko na pūjayet॥04-45-18॥

[त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you; विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - distinguished; वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by prowess; धनुषि (dhanuṣi) - in archery; अमरराट्-समम् (amara-rāṭ-samam) - equal to the king of the immortals (Indra); वासुदेव-समम् (vāsudeva-samam) - equal to Vāsudeva; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; तम् (tam) - that; पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna); कः (kaḥ) - who; न (na) - not; पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - would honor;]

(From you distinguished by prowess, in archery equal to the king of the immortals, in battle equal to Vāsudeva, that Pārtha—who would not honor?)

Who would not honor that Pārtha who is distinguished in prowess beyond you, equal to the king of the gods in archery, and equal to Vāsudeva in battle? (04-45-18)

दैवं दैवेन युध्येत मानुषेण च मानुषम्। अस्त्रेणास्त्रं समाहन्यात्कोऽर्जुनेन समः पुमान् ॥०४-४५-१९॥

daivaṃ daivena yudhyeta mānuṣeṇa ca mānuṣam। astreṇāstraṃ samāhanyāt ko'rjunena samaḥ pumān ॥04-45-19॥

[दैवं (daivam) - divine (weapon); दैवेन (daivena) - with divine (weapon); युध्येत (yudhyeta) - should fight; मानुषेण (mānuṣeṇa) - with human (weapon); च (ca) - and; मानुषम् (mānuṣam) - human (weapon); अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - with missile; अस्त्रं (astraṃ) - missile; समाहन्यात् (samāhanyāt) - should strike against; कः (kaḥ) - who; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - with Arjuna; समः (samaḥ) - equal; पुमान् (pumān) - man;]

(Divine (weapon) with divine (weapon) should fight, with human (weapon) and human (weapon); with missile, missile should strike against; who with Arjuna equal man?)

One should fight with a divine weapon against a divine weapon and with a human weapon against a human weapon; a missile should be countered with a missile. Who is a man equal to Arjuna? (04-45-19)

पुत्रादनन्तरः शिष्य इति धर्मविदो विदुः। एतेनापि निमित्तेन प्रियो द्रोणस्य पाण्डवः ॥०४-४५-२०॥

putrādanantaraḥ śiṣya iti dharmavido viduḥ। etenāpi nimittena priyo droṇasya pāṇḍavaḥ ॥04-45-20॥

[पुत्रात् (putrāt) - from son; अनन्तरः (anantaraḥ) - immediately following; शिष्यः (śiṣyaḥ) - disciple; इति (iti) - thus; धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of dharma; विदुः (viduḥ) - knew; एतेनापि (etena api) - by this also; निमित्तेन (nimittena) - by the reason; प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear; द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Droṇa; पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - the son of Pāṇḍu;]

(From son immediately following disciple thus knowers of dharma knew. By this also by the reason dear of Droṇa the son of Pāṇḍu.)

The knowers of dharma knew that, after a son, a disciple comes next in affection. For this reason also, the son of Pāṇḍu was dear to Droṇa. (04-45-20)

यथा त्वमकरोर्द्यूतमिन्द्रप्रस्थं यथाहरः। यथानैषीः सभां कृष्णां तथा युध्यस्व पाण्डवम् ॥०४-४५-२१॥

yathā tvam akaror dyūtam indraprasthaṃ yathā āharaḥ। yathā anaiṣīḥ sabhāṃ kṛṣṇām tathā yudhyasva pāṇḍavam॥04-45-21॥

[यथा (yathā) - just as; त्वम् (tvam) - you; अकरोः (akaror) - you did; द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - the dice-game; इन्द्रप्रस्थं (indraprastham) - Indraprastha; यथा (yathā) - just as; आहरः (āharaḥ) - you brought forth; यथा (yathā) - just as; अनैषीः (anaiṣīḥ) - you took (her); सभाम् (sabhām) - to the assembly; कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī); तथा (tathā) - in the same way; युध्यस्व (yudhyasva) - fight; पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - with the Pāṇḍava;]

(Just as you did the dice-game at Indraprastha, just as you brought (her), just as you took Kṛṣṇā to the assembly, so fight with the Pāṇḍava.)

As you played the dice-game at Indraprastha, as you brought and led Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) to the assembly, in the same way, now fight with the Pāṇḍava. (04-45-21)

अयं ते मातुलः प्राज्ञः क्षत्रधर्मस्य कोविदः। दुर्द्यूतदेवी गान्धारः शकुनिर्युध्यतामिह ॥०४-४५-२२॥

ayaṁ te mātulaḥ prājñaḥ kṣatradharmasya kovidaḥ। durdyūtadevī gāndhāraḥ śakuniryudhyatāmiha ॥04-45-22॥

[अयं (ayaṁ) - this; ते (te) - your; मातुलः (mātulaḥ) - maternal uncle; प्राज्ञः (prājñaḥ) - wise; क्षत्रधर्मस्य (kṣatradharmasya) - of the warrior duty; कोविदः (kovidaḥ) - knower; दुर्द्यूतदेवी (durdyūtadevī) - master of wicked dice; गान्धारः (gāndhāraḥ) - Gandhara (man); शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni; युध्यताम् (yudhyatām) - let him fight; इह (iha) - here;]

(This your maternal uncle, wise, knower of the warrior duty, master of wicked dice, the Gandhara man, Shakuni, let him fight here.)

Let this, your wise maternal uncle Shakuni of Gandhara, expert in the warrior's duty and master of wicked dice, fight here. (04-45-22)

नाक्षान्क्षिपति गाण्डीवं न कृतं द्वापरं न च। ज्वलतो निशितान्बाणांस्तीक्ष्णान्क्षिपति गाण्डिवम् ॥०४-४५-२३॥

nākṣānkṣipati gāṇḍīvaṁ na kṛtaṁ dvāparaṁ na ca। jvalato niśitānbāṇāṁstīkṣṇānkṣipati gāṇḍivam ॥04-45-23॥

[न (na) - not; अक्षान् (akṣān) - dice; क्षिपति (kṣipati) - throws; गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - the Gāṇḍīva bow; न (na) - not; कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Krita age; द्वापरम् (dvāparam) - the Dvāpara age; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; ज्वलतः (jvalataḥ) - blazing; निशितान् (niśitān) - sharp; बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows; तीक्ष्णान् (tīkṣṇān) - keen; क्षिपति (kṣipati) - shoots; गाण्डिवम् (gāṇḍivam) - the Gāṇḍīva bow;]

(Not dice throws the Gāṇḍīva bow, not (in) Krita, not Dvāpara, nor; blazing sharp arrows, keen, shoots (the) Gāṇḍīva bow.)

He does not cast dice with the Gāṇḍīva bow, not in the Krita age, nor in the Dvāpara; blazing keen sharp arrows, he shoots with the Gāṇḍīva bow. (04-45-23)

न हि गाण्डीवनिर्मुक्ता गार्ध्रपत्राः सुतेजनाः। अन्तरेष्ववतिष्ठन्ति गिरीणामपि दारणाः ॥०४-४५-२४॥

na hi gāṇḍīva-nirmuktā gārdhrapatrāḥ sutejanāḥ। antareṣu avatiṣṭhanti girīṇām api dāraṇāḥ ॥04-45-24॥

[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; गाण्डीवनिर्मुक्ताः (gāṇḍīva-nirmuktāḥ) - released from Gāṇḍīva; गार्ध्रपत्राः (gārdhrapatrāḥ) - vulture-feathered; सुतेजनाः (sutejanāḥ) - well-made arrows; अन्तरेषु (antareṣu) - in the gaps; अवतिष्ठन्ति (avatiṣṭhanti) - remain; गिरीणाम् (girīṇām) - of mountains; अपि (api) - even; दारणाः (dāraṇāḥ) - piercing;]

(Not indeed do the vulture-feathered, well-made arrows released from Gāṇḍīva remain in the gaps, even of mountains, (being) piercing.)

The vulture-feathered, well-made arrows released from Gāṇḍīva do not remain even in the gaps of mountains, for they are piercing. (04-45-24)

अन्तकः शमनो मृत्युस्तथाग्निर्वडवामुखः। कुर्युरेते क्वचिच्छेषं न तु क्रुद्धो धनञ्जयः ॥०४-४५-२५॥

antakaḥ śamano mṛtyus tathāgnir vaḍavāmukhaḥ। kuryur ete kvacic cheṣaṃ na tu kruddho dhanaṃjayaḥ ॥04-45-25॥

[अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Ender; शमन् (śaman) - pacifier; मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death; तथा (tathā) - also; अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire; वडवामुखः (vaḍavāmukhaḥ) - Mouth-of-the-submarine-fire; कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - could do; एते (ete) - these; क्वचित् (kvacit) - somewhere; शेषम् (śeṣam) - remnant; न (na) - not; तु (tu) - but; क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry; धनञ्जयः (dhanaṃjayaḥ) - Dhananjaya (Arjuna);]

(Ender pacifier death also fire Mouth-of-the-submarine-fire could do these somewhere remnant not but angry Dhananjaya.)

Enders, pacifiers, death, also fire, and the submarine fire might leave something remaining somewhere, but not an enraged Dhananjaya (Arjuna). (04-45-25)

युध्यतां काममाचार्यो नाहं योत्स्ये धनञ्जयम्। मत्स्यो ह्यस्माभिरायोध्यो यद्यागच्छेद्गवां पदम् ॥०४-४५-२६॥

yudhyatāṃ kāmamācāryo nāhaṃ yotsye dhanañjayam। matsyo hyasmābhirāyodhyo yadyāgacchedgavāṃ padam ॥04-45-26॥

[युध्यतां (yudhyatām) - let (them) fight; कामम् (kāmam) - as they wish; आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ) - the teacher; न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; योत्स्ये (yotsye) - will fight; धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna; मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - the king of Matsya; हि (hi) - indeed; अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us; आयोध्यः (āyodhyaḥ) - to be fought; यदि (yadi) - if; आगच्छेत् (āgacchet) - should come; गवां पदम् (gavāṃ padam) - to the path of cows;]

(Let (them) fight as they wish; the teacher (Ācārya) I will not fight Arjuna. The Matsya king indeed by us is to be fought, if he should come to the path of the cows.)

Let (them) fight as they wish; as for the teacher, I will not fight with Arjuna. The king of Matsya is the one we are to fight, if he should come to the path of the cows. (04-45-26)