04.048

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (proper name of a sage); उवाच (uvāca) - said; spoke;]

(Vaiśampāyana said;)

Vaiśampāyana said.

तथा व्यूढेष्वनीकेषु कौरवेयैर्महारथैः। उपायादर्जुनस्तूर्णं रथघोषेण नादयन् ॥०४-४८-१॥

tathā vyūḍheṣv anīkeṣu kauraveyair mahārathaiḥ। upāyād arjunaḥ tūrṇaṃ rathaghoṣeṇa nādayan ॥04-48-1॥

[तथा (tathā) - thus; व्यूढेषु (vyūḍheṣu) - arrayed; अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - formations; कौरवेयैः (kauraveyaiḥ) - by the sons of Kuru; महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great chariot-warriors; उपायात् (upāyāt) - approached; अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna; तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly; रथघोषेण (rathaghoṣeṇa) - with the sound of the chariot; नादयन् (nādayan) - making resound;]

(Thus, when the formations were arrayed by the sons of Kuru with great chariot-warriors, Arjuna quickly approached, making resound with the sound of the chariot.)

Thus, Arjuna quickly approached, making his chariot resound, as the formations were arrayed by the great chariot-warriors of the Kauravas. (04-48-1)

ददृशुस्ते ध्वजाग्रं वै शुश्रुवुश्च रथस्वनम्। दोधूयमानस्य भृशं गाण्डीवस्य च निस्वनम् ॥०४-४८-२॥

dadṛśus te dhvajāgraṃ vai śuśruvuś ca rathasvanam। dodhūyamānasya bhṛśaṃ gāṇḍīvasya ca nisvanam ॥04-48-2॥

[ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw; ते (te) - they; ध्वजाग्रम् (dhvajāgram) - the flag-top; वै (vai) - indeed; शुश्रुवुः (śuśruvuḥ) - they heard; च (ca) - and; रथस्वनम् (rathasvanam) - the sound of the chariot; दोधूयमानस्य (dodhūyamānasya) - being shaken; भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly; गाण्डीवस्य (gāṇḍīvasya) - of the Gandiva (bow); च (ca) - and; निस्वनम् (nisvanam) - the sound;]

(They saw the flag-top indeed, and they heard the sound of the chariot, and greatly the sound of the Gandiva being shaken.)

They saw the crest of the flag indeed, and heard the sound of the chariot and the loud noise of the Gandiva bow being shaken. (04-48-2)

ततस्तत्सर्वमालोक्य द्रोणो वचनमब्रवीत्। महारथमनुप्राप्तं दृष्ट्वा गाण्डीवधन्विनम् ॥०४-४८-३॥

tatas tat sarvam ālokya droṇo vacanam abravīt. mahāratham anuprāptaṃ dṛṣṭvā gāṇḍīvadhanvinam ॥04-48-3॥

[ततः (tataḥ) - then; तत् (tat) - that; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; आलोक्य (ālokya) - having looked at; having seen; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa; वचनम् (vacanam) - speech; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; महारथम् (mahāratham) - great chariot-warrior; अनुप्राप्तम् (anuprāptam) - having arrived; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; गाण्डीवधन्विनम् (gāṇḍīvadhanvinam) - the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna);]

(Then that all having seen Droṇa speech said. The great chariot-warrior having arrived having seen the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow.)

Then, having observed all that, Droṇa spoke these words, having seen the great chariot-warrior, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, having arrived. (04-48-3)

एतद्ध्वजाग्रं पार्थस्य दूरतः सम्प्रकाशते। एष घोषः सजलदो रोरवीति च वानरः ॥०४-४८-४॥

etaddhvajāgraṃ pārthasya dūrataḥ samprakāśate। eṣa ghoṣaḥ sajalado roravīti ca vānaraḥ॥04-48-4॥

[एतत् (etat) - this; ध्वजाग्रं (dhvajāgram) - top of the banner (flag); पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha (Arjuna); दूरतः (dūrataḥ) - from afar; सम्प्रकाशते (samprakāśate) - is shining; appears; एष (eṣa) - this; घोषः (ghoṣaḥ) - sound; noise; सजलदः (sajaladaḥ) - rainy cloud; रोरवीति (roravīti) - roars; makes noise; च (ca) - and; वानरः (vānaraḥ) - monkey;]

(This flag-top of Partha from afar is shining. This sound, the monkey, like a rainy cloud, roars and;)

The banner top of Partha shines from afar. The sound of the monkey on it roars like a thundercloud. (04-48-4)

एष तिष्ठन्रथश्रेष्ठो रथे रथवरप्रणुत्। उत्कर्षति धनुःश्रेष्ठं गाण्डीवमशनिस्वनम् ॥०४-४८-५॥

eṣa tiṣṭhan-rathaśreṣṭho rathe rathavara-praṇut। utkarṣati dhanuḥ-śreṣṭhaṃ gāṇḍīvam aśanisvanam ॥04-48-5॥

[एष (eṣa) - this (person); तिष्ठन् (tiṣṭhan) - standing; रथश्रेष्ठः (rathaśreṣṭhaḥ) - best of charioteers; रथे (rathe) - in (his) chariot; रथवरप्रणुत् (rathavara-praṇut) - praised by the best among charioteers; उत्कर्षति (utkarṣati) - draws (tight); धनुःश्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥ-śreṣṭham) - the best bow; गाण्डीवम् (gāṇḍīvam) - Gāṇḍīva (proper noun; a bow); अशनिस्वनम् (aśanisvanam) - with thunderbolt-sound;]

(This, standing, best of charioteers, in (his) chariot, praised by the best among charioteers, draws (tight) the best bow, Gāṇḍīva, with thunderbolt-sound.)

Standing in his chariot, this foremost of charioteers, praised by the best charioteers, draws the supreme bow, Gāṇḍīva, sounding like a thunderbolt. (04-48-5)

इमौ हि बाणौ सहितौ पादयोर्मे व्यवस्थितौ। अपरौ चाप्यतिक्रान्तौ कर्णौ संस्पृश्य मे शरौ ॥०४-४८-६॥

imau hi bāṇau sahitau pādayor me vyavasthitau। aparau cāpyatikrāntau karṇau saṃspṛśya me śarau॥04-48-6॥

[इमौ (imau) - these two; हि (hi) - indeed; बाणौ (bāṇau) - arrows (dual); सहितौ (sahitau) - together; पादयोः (pādayoḥ) - at the feet (dual locative); मे (me) - my; व्यवस्थितौ (vyavasthitau) - placed; अपरौ (aparau) - the other two; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अतिक्रान्तौ (atikrāntau) - having passed beyond; कर्णौ (karṇau) - the ears (dual accusative); संस्पृश्य (saṃspṛśya) - touching; मे (me) - my; शरौ (śarau) - arrows (dual);]

(These two indeed arrows together at my feet are placed. The other two also having passed beyond the ears, touching, my arrows.)

Indeed, these two arrows are placed together at my feet, and the other two, having passed beyond, touch my ears—these are my arrows. (04-48-6)

निरुष्य हि वने वासं कृत्वा कर्मातिमानुषम्। अभिवादयते पार्थः श्रोत्रे च परिपृच्छति ॥०४-४८-७॥

niruṣya hi vane vāsaṃ kṛtvā karmātimānuṣam। abhivādayate pārthaḥ śrotre ca paripṛcchati ॥04-48-7॥

[निरुष्य (niruṣya) - having heard;, हि (hi) - indeed;, वने (vane) - in the forest;, वासं (vāsaṃ) - dwelling;, कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done;, कर्मातिमानुषम् (karmātimānuṣam) - deed beyond human (powers);, अभिवादयते (abhivādayate) - greets/respects;, पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Pārtha (Arjuna);, श्रोत्रे (śrotre) - to the ear;, च (ca) - and;, परिपृच्छति (paripṛcchati) - inquires;]

(Having heard, indeed, in the forest, dwelling, having done a deed beyond human (powers), Pārtha greets, to the ear and inquires.)

Having performed a superhuman act while dwelling in the forest, and having heard of it, Pārtha (Arjuna) respectfully greets (the elders) and asks questions to their ears. (04-48-7)

अर्जुन उवाच॥

arjuna uvāca॥

[अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; (proper noun); उवाच (uvāca) - said; (3rd person singular, perfect, Parasmaipada, from √vac, to speak);]

(Arjuna said;)

Arjuna said.

इषुपाते च सेनाया हयान्संयच्छ सारथे। यावत्समीक्षे सैन्येऽस्मिन्क्वासौ कुरुकुलाधमः ॥०४-४८-८॥

iṣupāte ca senāyā hayān saṃyaccha sārathe। yāvat samīkṣe sainye'smin kvāsau kurukulādhamaḥ॥04-48-8॥

[इषुपाते (iṣupāte) - when arrows are being showered; च (ca) - and; सेनाया (senāyāḥ) - of the army; हयान् (hayān) - the horses; संयच्छ (saṃyaccha) - restrain; सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer; यावत् (yāvat) - until; समीक्षे (samīkṣe) - I observe; सैन्येऽस्मिन् (sainye'smin) - in this army; क्व (kva) - where; असौ (asau) - that; कुरुकुलाधमः (kurukulādhamaḥ) - the disgrace of the Kuru family;]

(When arrows are being showered and of the army, restrain the horses, O charioteer; until I observe in this army where that disgrace of the Kuru family is.)

O charioteer, when the arrows are being showered, restrain the horses of the army until I can see where that disgrace of the Kuru family is in this army. (04-48-8)

सर्वानन्याननादृत्य दृष्ट्वा तमतिमानिनम्। तस्य मूर्ध्नि पतिष्यामि तत एते पराजिताः ॥०४-४८-९॥

sarvān anyān anādṛtya dṛṣṭvā tam atimāninam। tasya mūrdhni patiṣyāmi tata ete parājitāḥ ॥04-48-9॥

[सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (others); अन्यान् (anyān) - other (ones); अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - without regarding; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; तम् (tam) - him; अति-मानिनम् (ati-māninam) - very proud; तस्य (tasya) - of him; मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head; पतिष्यामि (patiṣyāmi) - I shall fall; तत् (tat) - then; एते (ete) - these; पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - defeated;]

(All other (ones) without regarding, having seen him very proud, on his head I shall fall; then these are defeated.)

Without regarding all the others and seeing that very proud one, I shall fall upon his head; then these will be defeated. (04-48-9)

एष व्यवस्थितो द्रोणो द्रौणिश्च तदनन्तरम्। भीष्मः कृपश्च कर्णश्च महेष्वासा व्यवस्थिताः ॥०४-४८-१०॥

eṣa vyavasthito droṇo drauṇiś ca tadanantaram। bhīṣmaḥ kṛpaś ca karṇaś ca maheṣvāsā vyavasthitāḥ ॥04-48-10॥

[एष (eṣa) - this; (he; this one;) व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - arranged; stationed; द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa; (proper noun;) द्रौणि (drauṇi) - Drauṇi; (the son of Droṇa; Ashvatthāman;) च (ca) - and; तदनन्तरम् (tadanantaram) - then; immediately after that; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma; (proper noun;) कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa; (proper noun;) च (ca) - and; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa; (proper noun;) च (ca) - and; महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers; व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - were arranged; stationed;]

(This (one) Droṇa was arranged, and Drauṇi (Ashvatthāman) then (immediately after that). Bhīṣma, Kṛpa and Karṇa, and great archers were arranged.)

Here, Droṇa is stationed, then Drauṇi (Ashvatthāman), after that Bhīṣma, Kṛpa and Karṇa, and the great archers are also arranged. (04-48-10)

राजानं नात्र पश्यामि गाः समादाय गच्छति। दक्षिणं मार्गमास्थाय शङ्के जीवपरायणः ॥०४-४८-११॥

rājānaṃ nātra paśyāmi gāḥ samādāya gacchati। dakṣiṇaṃ mārgam āsthāya śaṅke jīvapārāyaṇaḥ॥04-48-11॥

[राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (accusative singular); न (na) - not; अत्र (atra) - here; पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see; गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (accusative plural); समादाय (samādāya) - having taken together; गच्छति (gacchati) - goes; दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern; मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (accusative singular); आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken to; शङ्के (śaṅke) - I suspect; जीवपारायणः (jīvapārāyaṇaḥ) - having life as the sole concern;]

(The king I do not see here; having taken the cows, he goes. Having taken to the southern path, I suspect (he is) one whose only aim is life.)

I do not see the king here; he has taken the cows and gone, following the southern path. I suspect he is now only concerned with saving his life. (04-48-11)

उत्सृज्यैतद्रथानीकं गच्छ यत्र सुयोधनः। तत्रैव योत्स्ये वैराटे नास्ति युद्धं निरामिषम् ॥ तं जित्वा विनिवर्तिष्ये गाः समादाय वै पुनः ॥०४-४८-१२॥

utsṛjyaitadrathānīkaṃ gaccha yatra suyodhanaḥ। tatraiva yotsye vairāṭe nāsti yuddhaṃ nirāmiṣam ॥ taṃ jitvā vinivartiṣye gāḥ samādāya vai punaḥ ॥04-48-12॥

[उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; एतद् (etad) - this; रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - array of chariots; गच्छ (gaccha) - go; यत्र (yatra) - where; सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Suyodhana (a proper name); तत्रैव (tatraiva) - just there; योत्स्ये (yotsye) - I shall fight; वैराटे (vairāṭe) - in Virata (the Virata country); नास्ति (nāsti) - there is not; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; निरामिषम् (nirāmiṣam) - without harm; तं (taṃ) - him; जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered; विनिवर्तिष्ये (vinivartiṣye) - I shall return; गाः (gāḥ) - cows; समादाय (samādāya) - having taken; वै (vai) - indeed; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]

(Having abandoned this array of chariots, go where Suyodhana is. Just there I shall fight; in Virata there is not a battle without harm. Having conquered him, I shall return, having indeed taken the cows again.)

Leave this chariot army and go to where Suyodhana is. There, and only there, I shall fight; in Virata there is never a harmless battle. After defeating him, I shall return, bringing the cows back again. (04-48-12)

वैशम्पायन उवाच॥

vaiśampāyana uvāca॥

[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; (a proper name; उवाच (uvāca) - spoke;]

(Vaiśampāyana spoke;)

Vaiśampāyana said;

एवमुक्तः स वैराटिर्हयान्संयम्य यत्नतः। नियम्य च ततो रश्मीन्यत्र ते कुरुपुङ्गवाः ॥ अचोदयत्ततो वाहान्यतो दुर्योधनस्ततः ॥०४-४८-१३॥

evam-uktaḥ sa vairāṭir hayān saṃyamya yatnataḥ। niyamya ca tato raśmīn yatra te kuru-puṅgavāḥ ॥ acodayat tato vāhān yato duryodhanas tataḥ ॥04-48-13॥

[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been addressed; स (sa) - he; वैराटिः (vairāṭiḥ) - the son of Virāṭa; हयान् (hayān) - horses; संयम्य (saṃyamya) - having restrained; यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - carefully; नियम्य (niyamya) - having controlled; च (ca) - and; ततः (tataḥ) - then; रश्मीन् (raśmīn) - reins; यत्र (yatra) - where; ते (te) - those; कुरुपुङ्गवाः (kuru-puṅgavāḥ) - best of Kurus; अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he drove on; ततो (tato) - then; वाहान् (vāhān) - horses; यतः (yataḥ) - where; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; ततः (tataḥ) - then;]

(Thus having been addressed, he, the son of Virāṭa, having restrained the horses carefully, and having controlled the reins then where those best of Kurus (were), he drove on then the horses towards where Duryodhana (was), then.)

Thus addressed, the son of Virāṭa carefully restrained the horses, controlled the reins, and drove the steeds to the place where those illustrious Kurus and Duryodhana were. (04-48-13)

उत्सृज्य रथवंशं तु प्रयाते श्वेतवाहने। अभिप्रायं विदित्वास्य द्रोणो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥०४-४८-१४॥

utsṛjya rathavaṁśaṁ tu prayāte śvetavāhane। abhiprāyaṁ viditvāsya droṇo vacanam abravīt ॥04-48-14॥

[उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned; रथवंशं (rathavaṁśam) - the chariot seat; तु (tu) - but; प्रयाते (prayāte) - having gone; श्वेतवाहने (śvetavāhane) - the white-horsed (one); अभिप्रायं (abhiprāyam) - intention; विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known; अस्य (asya) - his; द्रोणो (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa; वचनम् (vacanam) - words; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke;]

(Having abandoned the chariot seat, but when the white-horsed (one) had left, having known his intention, Droṇa spoke words.)

But when the white-horsed one had departed after leaving the chariot seat, Droṇa, having understood his purpose, spoke these words. (04-48-14)

नैषोऽन्तरेण राजानं बीभत्सुः स्थातुमिच्छति। तस्य पार्ष्णिं ग्रहीष्यामो जवेनाभिप्रयास्यतः ॥०४-४८-१५॥

naiṣo’ntareṇa rājānaṃ bībhatsuḥ sthātum icchati. tasya pārṣṇiṃ grahīṣyāmo javenābhiprayāsyataḥ ॥04-48-15॥

[नैषः (naiṣaḥ) - not this one; (indeclinable particle of negation with pronoun); अन्तरेण (antareṇa) - without; राजानम् (rājānam) - king (accusative singular); बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bībhatsu (an epithet for Arjuna; nominative singular masculine); स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand; इच्छति (icchati) - desires; तस्य (tasya) - his; पार्ष्णिम् (pārṣṇim) - heel; ग्रहीष्यामः (grahīṣyāmaḥ) - we will seize; जवेना (javenā) - with speed; अभिप्रयास्यतः (abhiprayāsyataḥ) - of him as he proceeds swiftly;]

(Not this one without the king Bībhatsu desires to stand. His heel we will seize with speed as he proceeds swiftly.)

Bībhatsu does not wish to stand without the king. As he proceeds quickly, we shall seize his heel. (04-48-15)

न ह्येनमभिसङ्क्रुद्धमेको युध्येत संयुगे। अन्यो देवात्सहस्राक्षात्कृष्णाद्वा देवकीसुतात् ॥०४-४८-१६॥

na hy enam abhisaṅkruddham eko yudhyeta saṃyuge। anyo devāt sahasrākṣāt kṛṣṇād vā devakīsutāt॥04-48-16॥

[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; एनम् (enam) - him; अभिसङ्क्रुद्धम् (abhisaṅkruddham) - attacked with anger; एकः (ekaḥ) - alone; युध्येत (yudhyeta) - could fight; संयुगे (saṃyuge) - in battle; अन्यः (anyo) - other; देवात् (devāt) - than a god; सहस्राक्षात् (sahasrākṣāt) - than the thousand-eyed (Indra); कृष्णात् (kṛṣṇāt) - than Kṛṣṇa; वा (vā) - or; देवकीसुतात् (devakīsutāt) - than Devakī's son (Kṛṣṇa);]

(Indeed, not alone could one fight in battle against him, attacked (with anger), other than a god, or the thousand-eyed (Indra), or than Kṛṣṇa, or than Devakī's son (Kṛṣṇa).)

Indeed, no one alone could fight against him in battle when he is enraged, unless he were a god, the thousand-eyed Indra, or Kṛṣṇa, the son of Devakī. (04-48-16)

किं नो गावः करिष्यन्ति धनं वा विपुलं तथा। दुर्योधनः पार्थजले पुरा नौरिव मज्जति ॥०४-४८-१७॥

kiṁ no gāvaḥ kariṣyanti dhanaṁ vā vipulaṁ tathā। duryodhanaḥ pārthajale purā nauriva majjati ॥04-48-17॥

[किं (kiṁ) - what; नः (naḥ) - for us; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; करिष्यन्ति (kariṣyanti) - will do; धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth; वा (vā) - or; विपुलं (vipulaṁ) - abundant; तथा (tathā) - likewise; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; पार्थजले (pārthajale) - in the water of the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas); पुरा (purā) - formerly; नौः (nauḥ) - boat; इव (iva) - like; मज्जति (majjati) - sinks;]

(What for us cows will do or abundant wealth likewise? Duryodhana in the water of the sons of Pṛthā formerly like a boat sinks.)

What use are cows or even abundant wealth to us, when Duryodhana is sinking, like a boat, in the waters of the sons of Pṛthā (the Pāṇḍavas), as before? (04-48-17)

तथैव गत्वा बीभत्सुर्नाम विश्राव्य चात्मनः। शलभैरिव तां सेनां शरैः शीघ्रमवाकिरत् ॥०४-४८-१८॥

tathaiva gatvā bībhatsur nāma viśrāvya cātmanaḥ। śalabhair iva tāṃ senāṃ śaraiḥ śīghram avākirat॥ 04-48-18॥

[तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone; बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bībhatsu (Arjuna); नाम (nāma) - name; विश्राव्य (viśrāvya) - having proclaimed; च (ca) - and; आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself; शलभैः (śalabhaiḥ) - by locusts; इव (iva) - like, as if; ताम् (tām) - that; सेनाम् (senām) - army; शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows; शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly; अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - he covered;]

(In the same way, having gone, Bībhatsu, having proclaimed his name and of himself, like by locusts that army with arrows swiftly he covered.)

In the same way, after going there, Bībhatsu (Arjuna), announcing his own name, swiftly covered that army with arrows, as locusts would (cover a field). (04-48-18)

कीर्यमाणाः शरौघैस्तु योधास्ते पार्थचोदितैः। नापश्यन्नावृतां भूमिमन्तरिक्षं च पत्रिभिः ॥०४-४८-१९॥

kīryamāṇāḥ śaraughaistu yodhāste pārthacoditaiḥ। nāpaśyannāvṛtāṃ bhūmimantarikṣaṃ ca patribhiḥ ॥04-48-19॥

[कीर्यमाणाः (kīryamāṇāḥ) - being scattered; शरौघैः (śaraughaiḥ) - with showers of arrows; तु (tu) - but; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; ते (te) - they; पार्थचोदितैः (pārthacoditaiḥ) - incited by Pārtha (Arjuna); न (na) - not; अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - they saw; आवृताम् (āvṛtām) - covered; भूमिम् (bhūmim) - (the) earth; अन्तरिक्षम् (antarikṣam) - (the) sky; च (ca) - and; पत्रिभिः (patribhiḥ) - with (by means of) feathers (arrows);]

(But the warriors, being scattered by showers of arrows hurled by Pārtha, did not see the earth and the sky covered with feathered (arrows).)

But those warriors, scattered by the volleys of arrows incited by Pārtha, could not see either the earth or the sky, both being covered by the feathered missiles. (04-48-19)

तेषां नात्मनिनो युद्धे नापयानेऽभवन्मतिः। शीघ्रत्वमेव पार्थस्य पूजयन्ति स्म चेतसा ॥०४-४८-२०॥

teṣāṃ nātmanino yuddhe nāpayāne'bhavanmatiḥ। śīghratvameva pārthasya pūjayanti sma cetasā ॥04-48-20॥

[तेषां (teṣām) - of them; न (na) - not; आत्मनिनः (ātmaninaḥ) - concerned about themselves; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; न (na) - not; अपयाने (apayāne) - about retreat; अभवन्मतिः (abhavanmatiḥ) - was there intention; शीघ्रत्वम् (śīghratvam) - swiftness; एव (eva) - only; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Pārtha (Arjuna); पूजयन्ति (pūjayanti) - they honored; स्म (sma) - indeed; (used for past tense); चेतसा (cetasā) - with their mind;]

(Of them, not concerning themselves, in battle, nor about retreat, was there intention; swiftness only of Pārtha they honored indeed with their mind.)

Among them, none had thoughts of self-preservation in battle or of retreat; with their minds, they only admired Pārtha's (Arjuna's) swiftness. (04-48-20)

ततः शङ्खं प्रदध्मौ स द्विषतां लोमहर्षणम्। विस्फार्य च धनुःश्रेष्ठं ध्वजे भूतान्यचोदयत् ॥०४-४८-२१॥

tataḥ śaṅkhaṃ pradadhmau sa dviṣatāṃ lomaharṣaṇam। visphārya ca dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṃ dhvaje bhūtānyacodayat॥04-48-21॥

[ततः (tataḥ) - then; शङ्खं (śaṅkham) - conch; प्रदध्मौ (pradadhmau) - blew; स (sa) - he; द्विषतां (dviṣatām) - of enemies; लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising; विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched; च (ca) - and; धनुःश्रेष्ठं (dhanuḥśreṣṭham) - the excellent bow; ध्वजे (dhvaje) - on the banner; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - creatures; अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged on;]

(Then the conch, hair-raising for the enemies, he blew; and having stretched the excellent bow, on the banner he urged on the creatures.)

Then he blew the conch, striking terror into his enemies; and having stretched his excellent bow, he urged on the beings shown on his banner. (04-48-21)

तस्य शङ्खस्य शब्देन रथनेमिस्वनेन च। अमानुषाणां तेषां च भूतानां ध्वजवासिनाम् ॥०४-४८-२२॥

tasya śaṅkhasya śabdena ratha-nemi-svanena ca। amānuṣāṇāṃ teṣāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ dhvaja-vāsinām॥04-48-22॥

[तस्य (tasya) - of his; शङ्खस्य (śaṅkhasya) - of the conch; शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound; रथनेमिस्वनेन (ratha-nemi-svanena) - by the noise of the chariot-wheels; च (ca) - and; अमानुषाणां (amānuṣāṇām) - of the non-human beings; तेषां (teṣām) - of those; च (ca) - and; भूतानां (bhūtānām) - of the spirits; ध्वजवासिनाम् (dhvaja-vāsinām) - of those dwelling on the flags;]

(By the sound of his conch and by the noise of the chariot-wheels and of the non-human beings, of those spirits, of those dwelling on the flags.)

By the sound of his conch and the noise of the chariot-wheels, and by the cries of those non-human beings, the spirits residing on the flags. (04-48-22)

ऊर्ध्वं पुच्छान्विधुन्वाना रेभमाणाः समन्ततः। गावः प्रतिन्यवर्तन्त दिशमास्थाय दक्षिणाम् ॥०४-४८-२३॥

ūrdhvaṃ pucchānvidhunvānā rebhamāṇāḥ samantataḥ। gāvaḥ pratinyavartanta diśamāsthāya dakṣiṇām ॥04-48-23॥

[ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards; पुच्छान् (pucchān) - tails; विधुन्वानाः (vidhunvānāḥ) - shaking; रेभमाणाः (rebhamāṇāḥ) - bellowing; समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - on all sides; गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows; प्रतिन्यवर्तन्त (pratinyavartanta) - turned around; दिशम् (diśam) - direction; आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken; दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern;]

(Upwards tails shaking bellowing on all sides cows turned around direction having taken southern.)

The cows, shaking their tails upwards and bellowing on all sides, turned around, having taken the southern direction. (04-48-23)