06.004
Pancharatra-Ext: Vyasa tries to persuade Dhritarastra away from war. Dhritarashtra further inquires on omens of war.
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
एवमुक्तो मुनिस्तत्त्वं कवीन्द्रो राजसत्तम। पुत्रेण धृतराष्ट्रेण ध्यानमन्वगमत्परम् ॥६-४-१॥
evamukto munistattvaṃ kavīndro rājasattama। putreṇa dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa dhyānamanvagamatparam ॥6-4-1॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken; मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage; तत्त्वं (tattvaṃ) - truth; कवीन्द्रः (kavīndraḥ) - poet; राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - best of kings; पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by the son; धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - Dhritarashtra; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; अन्वगमत् (anvagamat) - followed; परम् (param) - supreme;]
(Thus spoken by the sage, the poet, the best of kings, by the son Dhritarashtra, followed supreme meditation.)
Thus addressed by the sage, the best of poets and kings, Dhritarashtra's son followed the supreme meditation.
पुनरेवाब्रवीद्वाक्यं कालवादी महातपाः। असंशयं पार्थिवेन्द्र कालः सङ्क्षिपते जगत् ॥६-४-२॥
punarevābravīdvākyaṃ kālavādī mahātapāḥ। asaṃśayaṃ pārthivendra kālaḥ saṅkṣipate jagat ॥6-4-2॥
[पुनः (punaḥ) - again; एव (eva) - indeed; अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - sentence; कालवादी (kālavādī) - one who speaks of time; महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - great ascetic; असंशयं (asaṃśayaṃ) - undoubtedly; पार्थिवेन्द्र (pārthivendra) - O king; कालः (kālaḥ) - time; सङ्क्षिपते (saṅkṣipate) - contracts; जगत् (jagat) - world;]
(Again indeed, the great ascetic who speaks of time said: "Undoubtedly, O king, time contracts the world.")
The great ascetic, who speaks of time, reiterated: "Without a doubt, O king, time diminishes the world."
सृजते च पुनर्लोकान्नेह विद्यति शाश्वतम्। ज्ञातीनां च कुरूणां च सम्बन्धिसुहृदां तथा ॥६-४-३॥
sṛjate ca punarlokānneha vidyati śāśvatam। jñātīnāṃ ca kurūṇāṃ ca sambandhisuhṛdāṃ tathā ॥6-4-3॥
[सृजते (sṛjate) - creates; च (ca) - and; पुनः (punar) - again; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; इह (iha) - here; विद्यति (vidyati) - exists; शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal; ज्ञातीनां (jñātīnāṃ) - of relatives; च (ca) - and; कुरूणां (kurūṇāṃ) - of the Kurus; च (ca) - and; सम्बन्धि (sambandhi) - relations; सुहृदां (suhṛdāṃ) - friends; तथा (tathā) - also;]
(Creates and again worlds here exists eternal. Of relatives and of the Kurus and relations friends also.)
He creates the worlds again, but nothing eternal exists here. The relatives, the Kurus, and their relations and friends are also transient.
धर्म्यं देशय पन्थानं समर्थो ह्यसि वारणे। क्षुद्रं ज्ञातिवधं प्राहुर्मा कुरुष्व ममाप्रियम् ॥६-४-४॥
dharmyaṃ deśaya panthānaṃ samartho hyasi vāraṇe। kṣudraṃ jñātivadhaṃ prāhurmā kuruṣva mamāpriyam ॥6-4-4॥
[धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - righteous; देशय (deśaya) - show; पन्थानम् (panthānam) - path; समर्थः (samarthaḥ) - capable; हि (hi) - indeed; असि (asi) - you are; वारणे (vāraṇe) - in preventing; क्षुद्रम् (kṣudram) - petty; ज्ञातिवधम् (jñātivadham) - killing of relatives; प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say; मा (mā) - do not; कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do; मम (mama) - my; अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant;]
(Show the righteous path, for you are indeed capable of preventing. They say the killing of relatives is petty; do not do my unpleasant act.)
Show the righteous path, as you are indeed capable of preventing it. They say that killing relatives is a petty act; do not do what is unpleasant to me.
कालोऽयं पुत्ररूपेण तव जातो विशां पते। न वधः पूज्यते वेदे हितं नैतत्कथञ्चन ॥६-४-५॥
kālo'yaṃ putrarūpeṇa tava jāto viśāṃ pate। na vadhaḥ pūjyate vede hitaṃ naitatkathañcana ॥6-4-5॥
[कालः (kālaḥ) - time; अयम् (ayam) - this; पुत्ररूपेण (putrarūpeṇa) - in the form of a son; तव (tava) - your; जातः (jātaḥ) - born; विशाम् (viśām) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; न (na) - not; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing; पूज्यते (pūjyate) - is praised; वेदे (vede) - in the Vedas; हितम् (hitam) - beneficial; न (na) - not; एतत् (etat) - this; कथञ्चन (kathañcana) - in any way;]
(Time, in the form of a son, has been born to you, O lord of the people. Killing is not praised in the Vedas; this is not beneficial in any way.)
O lord of the people, time has manifested as your son. The Vedas do not praise killing; it is not beneficial in any way.
हन्यात्स एव यो हन्यात्कुलधर्मं स्वकां तनुम्। कालेनोत्पथगन्तासि शक्ये सति यथापथि ॥६-४-६॥
hanyāts eva yo hanyātkuladharmaṃ svakāṃ tanum। kālenotpathagantāsi śakye sati yathāpathi ॥6-4-6॥
[हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill; सः (saḥ) - he; एव (eva) - indeed; यः (yaḥ) - who; हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill; कुलधर्मं (kuladharmaṃ) - family duty; स्वकां (svakāṃ) - own; तनुम् (tanum) - body; कालेन (kālena) - by time; उत्पथगन्तासि (utpathagantāsi) - you will deviate; शक्ये (śakye) - possible; सति (sati) - being; यथापथि (yathāpathi) - on the right path;]
(He indeed should kill who should kill the family duty, his own body. By time, you will deviate from the right path, if possible.)
He who destroys his own family duty and body will eventually deviate from the right path, if it is possible to stay on it.
कुलस्यास्य विनाशाय तथैव च महीक्षिताम्। अनर्थो राज्यरूपेण त्यज्यतामसुखावहः ॥६-४-७॥
kulasyāsya vināśāya tathaiva ca mahīkṣitām। anartho rājyarūpeṇa tyajyatāmasukhāvahaḥ ॥6-4-7॥
[कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family; अस्य (asya) - this; विनाशाय (vināśāya) - for the destruction; तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way; च (ca) - and; महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of the kings; अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - disaster; राज्यरूपेण (rājyarūpeṇa) - in the form of a kingdom; त्यज्यताम् (tyajyatām) - should be abandoned; असुखावहः (asukhāvahaḥ) - bringing unhappiness;]
(For the destruction of this family and also of the kings, the disaster in the form of a kingdom should be abandoned as it brings unhappiness.)
The disaster that comes in the form of a kingdom should be abandoned as it leads to the destruction of this family and the kings, bringing unhappiness.
लुप्तप्रज्ञः परेणासि धर्मं दर्शय वै सुतान्। किं ते राज्येन दुर्धर्ष येन प्राप्तोऽसि किल्बिषम् ॥६-४-८॥
luptaprajñaḥ pareṇāsi dharmaṃ darśaya vai sutān। kiṃ te rājyena durdharṣa yena prāpto'si kilbiṣam ॥6-4-8॥
[लुप्तप्रज्ञः (luptaprajñaḥ) - one with lost wisdom; परेण (pareṇa) - by others; असि (asi) - you are; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - duty; दर्शय (darśaya) - show; वै (vai) - indeed; सुतान् (sutān) - sons; किं (kiṃ) - what; ते (te) - to you; राज्येन (rājyena) - with the kingdom; दुर्धर्ष (durdharṣa) - unassailable; येन (yena) - by which; प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained; असि (asi) - you are; किल्बिषम् (kilbiṣam) - sin.;]
(One with lost wisdom, you are influenced by others. Show your duty to your sons. What is the use of the kingdom to you, unassailable one, by which you have obtained sin?)
You have lost your wisdom and are influenced by others. Show your duty to your sons. What use is the kingdom to you, unassailable one, if it has led you to sin?
यशो धर्मं च कीर्तिं च पालयन्स्वर्गमाप्स्यसि। लभन्तां पाण्डवा राज्यं शमं गच्छन्तु कौरवाः ॥६-४-९॥
yaśo dharmaṃ ca kīrtiṃ ca pālayan svargam āpsyasi। labhantāṃ pāṇḍavā rājyaṃ śamaṃ gacchantu kauravāḥ ॥6-4-9॥
[यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame; धर्मं (dharmaṃ) - righteousness; च (ca) - and; कीर्तिं (kīrtiṃ) - glory; च (ca) - and; पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting; स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven; आप्स्यसि (āpsyasi) - you will attain; लभन्ताम् (labhantām) - may obtain; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; शमम् (śamam) - peace; गच्छन्तु (gacchantu) - may go; कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas;]
(Protecting fame, righteousness, and glory, you will attain heaven. May the Pandavas obtain the kingdom, and may the Kauravas go to peace.)
By upholding fame, righteousness, and glory, you shall reach heaven. Let the Pandavas gain the kingdom, and let the Kauravas find peace.
एवं ब्रुवति विप्रेन्द्रे धृतराष्ट्रोऽम्बिकासुतः। आक्षिप्य वाक्यं वाक्यज्ञो वाक्पथेनाप्ययात्पुनः ॥६-४-१०॥
evaṃ bruvati viprendre dhṛtarāṣṭro'mbikāsutaḥ। ākṣipya vākyaṃ vākya-jño vāk-pathenāpyayāt punaḥ ॥6-4-10॥
[एवं (evaṃ) - thus; ब्रुवति (bruvati) - speaking; विप्रेन्द्रे (viprendre) - O best of the Brahmanas; धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra; अम्बिकासुतः (ambikāsutaḥ) - son of Ambika; आक्षिप्य (ākṣipya) - interrupting; वाक्यं (vākyaṃ) - speech; वाक्यज्ञः (vākya-jñaḥ) - knower of words; वाक्पथेन (vāk-pathena) - by the path of words; अपि (api) - also; अयात् (ayāt) - went; पुनः (punaḥ) - again;]
(Thus, while the best of the Brahmanas was speaking, Dhritarashtra, the son of Ambika, interrupting the speech, the knower of words, went again by the path of words.)
As the best of the Brahmanas spoke, Dhritarashtra, the son of Ambika, interrupted and, being skilled in speech, responded once more.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
यथा भवान्वेद तथास्मि वेत्ता; भावाभावौ विदितौ मे यथावत्। स्वार्थे हि संमुह्यति तात लोको; मां चापि लोकात्मकमेव विद्धि ॥६-४-११॥
yathā bhavānveda tathāsmi vettā; bhāvābhāvau viditau me yathāvat। svārthe hi saṁmuhyati tāta loko; māṁ cāpi lokātmakameva viddhi ॥6-4-11॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; भवान् (bhavān) - you; वेद (veda) - know; तथा (tathā) - so; अस्मि (asmi) - am; वेत्ता (vettā) - knower; भावाभावौ (bhāvābhāvau) - existence and non-existence; विदितौ (viditau) - known; मे (me) - to me; यथावत् (yathāvat) - as they are; स्वार्थे (svārthe) - in self-interest; हि (hi) - indeed; संमुह्यति (saṁmuhyati) - is deluded; तात (tāta) - O dear; लोकः (lokaḥ) - people; माम् (mām) - me; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; लोकात्मकम् (lokātmakam) - of the nature of the world; एव (eva) - indeed; विद्धि (viddhi) - know;]
(As you know, so am I the knower; existence and non-existence are known to me as they are. Indeed, people are deluded in self-interest, O dear; know me also to be of the nature of the world.)
Just as you know, I am also the knower; I understand existence and non-existence as they truly are. People, O dear, are indeed deluded by self-interest; know that I am also of the nature of the world.
प्रसादये त्वामतुलप्रभावं; त्वं नो गतिर्दर्शयिता च धीरः। न चापि ते वशगा मे महर्षे; न कल्मषं कर्तुमिहार्हसे माम् ॥६-४-१२॥
prasādaye tvāmatulaprabhāvaṁ; tvaṁ no gatirdarśayitā ca dhīraḥ। na cāpi te vaśagā me maharṣe; na kalmaṣaṁ kartumihārhase mām ॥6-4-12॥
[प्रसादये (prasādaye) - I propitiate; त्वाम् (tvām) - you; अतुलप्रभावम् (atulaprabhāvam) - of incomparable influence; त्वम् (tvam) - you; नः (naḥ) - our; गतिः (gatiḥ) - refuge; दर्शयिता (darśayitā) - shower; च (ca) - and; धीरः (dhīraḥ) - wise; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; ते (te) - your; वशगा (vaśagā) - under control; मे (me) - my; महर्षे (maharṣe) - O great sage; न (na) - not; कल्मषम् (kalmaṣam) - sin; कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do; इह (iha) - here; अर्हसे (arhase) - you ought; माम् (mām) - me;]
(I propitiate you of incomparable influence; you are our refuge, shower and wise. O great sage, neither are you under my control, nor ought you to commit sin here against me.)
I seek your favor, O sage of incomparable influence; you are our refuge and guide. O great sage, you are not under my control, nor should you commit any sin against me here.
त्वं हि धर्मः पवित्रं च यशः कीर्तिर्धृतिः स्मृतिः। कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च मान्यश्चासि पितामहः ॥६-४-१३॥
tvaṁ hi dharmaḥ pavitraṁ ca yaśaḥ kīrtirdhṛtiḥ smṛtiḥ। kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavānāṁ ca mānyaścāsi pitāmahaḥ ॥6-4-13॥
[त्वं (tvaṁ) - you; हि (hi) - indeed; धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness; पवित्रं (pavitraṁ) - purity; च (ca) - and; यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame; कीर्तिः (kīrtiḥ) - glory; धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - steadfastness; स्मृतिः (smṛtiḥ) - memory; कुरूणां (kurūṇāṁ) - of the Kurus; पाण्डवानां (pāṇḍavānāṁ) - of the Pandavas; च (ca) - and; मान्यः (mānyaḥ) - respected; च (ca) - and; असि (asi) - are; पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - grandfather;]
(You are indeed righteousness, purity, fame, glory, steadfastness, and memory; respected among the Kurus and the Pandavas, O grandfather.)
You embody righteousness, purity, fame, glory, steadfastness, and memory, and are respected among both the Kurus and the Pandavas, O grandfather.
व्यास उवाच॥
vyāsa uvāca॥
[व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyasa; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vyasa said:)
Vyasa said:
वैचित्रवीर्य नृपते यत्ते मनसि वर्तते। अभिधत्स्व यथाकामं छेत्तास्मि तव संशयम् ॥६-४-१४॥
vaicitravīrya nṛpate yatte manasi vartate। abhidhatsva yathākāmaṃ chettāsmi tava saṃśayam ॥6-4-14॥
[वैचित्रवीर्य (vaicitravīrya) - Vaicitravirya; नृपते (nṛpate) - O king; यत् (yat) - what; ते (te) - your; मनसि (manasi) - in mind; वर्तते (vartate) - exists; अभिधत्स्व (abhidhatsva) - speak; यथाकामम् (yathākāmam) - as you wish; छेत्ता (chettā) - remover; अस्मि (asmi) - I am; तव (tava) - your; संशयम् (saṃśayam) - doubt;]
(O King Vaicitravirya, whatever exists in your mind, speak as you wish; I am the remover of your doubt.)
O King Vaicitravirya, express whatever is on your mind freely; I am here to resolve your doubts.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
यानि लिङ्गानि सङ्ग्रामे भवन्ति विजयिष्यताम्। तानि सर्वाणि भगवञ्श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वतः ॥६-४-१५॥
yāni liṅgāni saṅgrāme bhavanti vijayiṣyatām। tāni sarvāṇi bhagavañchrotumicchāmi tattvataḥ ॥6-4-15॥
[यानि (yāni) - which; लिङ्गानि (liṅgāni) - omens; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are; विजयिष्यताम् (vijayiṣyatām) - of the victors; तानि (tāni) - those; सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all; भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in detail;]
(Which omens in battle are of the victors, those all, O Lord, to hear I wish in detail.)
O Lord, I wish to hear in detail about all those omens in battle that signify victory.
व्यास उवाच॥
vyāsa uvāca॥
[व्यास (vyāsa) - Vyasa; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vyasa said:)
Vyasa said:
प्रसन्नभाः पावक ऊर्ध्वरश्मिः; प्रदक्षिणावर्तशिखो विधूमः। पुण्या गन्धाश्चाहुतीनां प्रवान्ति; जयस्यैतद्भाविनो रूपमाहुः ॥६-४-१६॥
prasannabhāḥ pāvaka ūrdhvaraśmiḥ; pradakṣiṇāvartaśikho vidhūmaḥ। puṇyā gandhāścāhutīnāṃ pravānti; jayasyaitadbhāvino rūpamāhuḥ ॥6-4-16॥
[प्रसन्नभाः (prasannabhāḥ) - clear-glowing; पावक (pāvaka) - fire; ऊर्ध्वरश्मिः (ūrdhvaraśmiḥ) - upward-rayed; प्रदक्षिणावर्तशिखः (pradakṣiṇāvartaśikhaḥ) - clockwise-spiraled flame; विधूमः (vidhūmaḥ) - smokeless; पुण्याः (puṇyāḥ) - auspicious; गन्धाः (gandhāḥ) - fragrances; च (ca) - and; आहुतीनाम् (āhutīnām) - of offerings; प्रवान्ति (pravānti) - spread; जयस्य (jayasya) - of victory; एतत् (etat) - this; भाविनः (bhāvinaḥ) - future; रूपम् (rūpam) - form; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say;]
(Clear-glowing is the fire with upward rays; its flame spirals clockwise and is smokeless. Auspicious fragrances of offerings spread; this is said to be the form of future victory.)
The fire glows brightly with upward rays, its flame spirals clockwise without smoke. Auspicious fragrances from the offerings spread around; this is said to be the sign of impending victory.
गम्भीरघोषाश्च महास्वनाश्च; शङ्खा मृदङ्गाश्च नदन्ति यत्र। विशुद्धरश्मिस्तपनः शशी च; जयस्यैतद्भाविनो रूपमाहुः ॥६-४-१७॥
gambhīraghoṣāśca mahāsvanāśca; śaṅkhā mṛdaṅgāśca nadanti yatra। viśuddharaśmistapanaḥ śaśī ca; jayasyaitadbhāvino rūpamāhuḥ ॥6-4-17॥
[गम्भीरघोषाः (gambhīraghoṣāḥ) - deep-sounding; च (ca) - and; महास्वनाः (mahāsvanāḥ) - loud-sounding; च (ca) - and; शङ्खाः (śaṅkhāḥ) - conches; मृदङ्गाः (mṛdaṅgāḥ) - drums; च (ca) - and; नदन्ति (nadanti) - resound; यत्र (yatra) - where; विशुद्धरश्मिः (viśuddharaśmiḥ) - pure-rayed; तपनः (tapanaḥ) - sun; शशी (śaśī) - moon; च (ca) - and; जयस्य (jayasya) - of victory; एतत् (etat) - this; भाविनः (bhāvinaḥ) - future; रूपम् (rūpam) - form; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say;]
(Deep-sounding and loud-sounding conches and drums resound where the pure-rayed sun and moon are; this is said to be the form of future victory.)
"Deep and loud sounds of conches and drums resonate where the pure rays of the sun and moon shine; this is described as the form of impending victory."
इष्टा वाचः पृष्ठतो वायसानां; सम्प्रस्थितानां च गमिष्यतां च। ये पृष्ठतस्ते त्वरयन्ति राज; न्ये त्वग्रतस्ते प्रतिषेधयन्ति ॥६-४-१८॥
iṣṭā vācaḥ pṛṣṭhato vāyasānāṃ; samprasthitānāṃ ca gamiṣyatāṃ ca। ye pṛṣṭhataste tvarayanti rāja; nye tvagrataste pratiṣedhayanti ॥6-4-18॥
[इष्टा (iṣṭā) - desired; वाचः (vācaḥ) - words; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind; वायसानां (vāyasānāṃ) - of crows; सम्प्रस्थितानां (samprasthitānāṃ) - of those who have set out; च (ca) - and; गमिष्यतां (gamiṣyatāṃ) - of those who are going; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - those who; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind; ते (te) - they; त्वरयन्ति (tvarayanti) - hasten; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ये (ye) - those who; त्वग्रतः (tvagrataḥ) - from the front; ते (te) - they; प्रतिषेधयन्ति (pratiṣedhayanti) - restrain;]
(Desired words from behind of crows; of those who have set out and of those who are going. Those who are behind hasten, O king; those who are in front restrain.)
The desired words come from behind the crows, from those who have set out and those who are going. Those behind hasten, O king, while those in front restrain.
कल्याणवाचः शकुना राजहंसाः; शुकाः क्रौञ्चाः शतपत्राश्च यत्र। प्रदक्षिणाश्चैव भवन्ति सङ्ख्ये; ध्रुवं जयं तत्र वदन्ति विप्राः ॥६-४-१९॥
kalyāṇavācaḥ śakunā rājahaṃsāḥ; śukāḥ krauñcāḥ śatapatrāśca yatra। pradakṣiṇāścaiva bhavanti saṅkhye; dhruvaṃ jayaṃ tatra vadanti viprāḥ ॥6-4-19॥
[कल्याणवाचः (kalyāṇavācaḥ) - auspicious-voiced; शकुना (śakunā) - birds; राजहंसाः (rājahaṃsāḥ) - royal swans; शुकाः (śukāḥ) - parrots; क्रौञ्चाः (krauñcāḥ) - cranes; शतपत्राः (śatapatrāḥ) - lotuses; च (ca) - and; यत्र (yatra) - where; प्रदक्षिणाः (pradakṣiṇāḥ) - circumambulations; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - occur; सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in numbers; ध्रुवं (dhruvaṃ) - certainly; जयं (jayaṃ) - victory; तत्र (tatra) - there; वदन्ति (vadanti) - say; विप्राः (viprāḥ) - sages;]
(Where auspicious-voiced birds, royal swans, parrots, cranes, and lotuses are, and circumambulations indeed occur in numbers, certainly victory is said to be there by the sages.)
The sages say that where there are auspicious-voiced birds like royal swans, parrots, cranes, and lotuses, and where circumambulations occur in great numbers, victory is assured.
अलङ्कारैः कवचैः केतुभिश्च; मुखप्रसादैर्हेमवर्णैश्च नॄणाम्। भ्राजिष्मती दुष्प्रतिप्रेक्षणीया; येषां चमूस्ते विजयन्ति शत्रून् ॥६-४-२०॥
alaṅkāraiḥ kavacaiḥ ketubhiśca; mukhaprasādairhemavarṇaiśca nṝṇām। bhrājiṣmatī duṣpratiprekṣaṇīyā; yeṣāṃ camūste vijayanti śatrūn ॥6-4-20॥
[अलङ्कारैः (alaṅkāraiḥ) - with ornaments; कवचैः (kavacaiḥ) - with armors; केतुभिः (ketubhiḥ) - with banners; च (ca) - and; मुखप्रसादैः (mukhaprasādaiḥ) - with the grace of faces; हेमवर्णैः (hemavarṇaiḥ) - golden-colored; च (ca) - and; नॄणाम् (nṝṇām) - of men; भ्राजिष्मती (bhrājiṣmatī) - shining; दुष्प्रतिप्रेक्षणीया (duṣpratiprekṣaṇīyā) - difficult to look at; येषां (yeṣāṃ) - whose; चमूः (camūḥ) - army; ते (te) - they; विजयन्ति (vijayanti) - conquer; शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies;]
(With ornaments, armors, and banners; with the grace of faces and golden-colored men. Shining and difficult to look at is the army whose men conquer enemies.)
The army adorned with ornaments, armors, and banners, with faces shining like gold, is formidable and hard to face; such an army conquers its enemies.
हृष्टा वाचस्तथा सत्त्वं योधानां यत्र भारत। न म्लायन्ते स्रजश्चैव ते तरन्ति रणे रिपून् ॥६-४-२१॥
hṛṣṭā vācastathā sattvaṃ yodhānāṃ yatra bhārata। na mlāyante srajaścaiva te taranti raṇe ripūn ॥6-4-21॥
[हृष्टा (hṛṣṭā) - joyful; वाचः (vācaḥ) - words; तथा (tathā) - thus; सत्त्वं (sattvaṃ) - courage; योधानां (yodhānāṃ) - of the warriors; यत्र (yatra) - where; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata; न (na) - not; म्लायन्ते (mlāyante) - wither; स्रजः (srajaḥ) - garlands; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; ते (te) - they; तरन्ति (taranti) - overcome; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies;]
(Joyful words, thus courage of the warriors, where, O Bharata, garlands do not wither, and indeed they overcome enemies in battle.)
O Bharata, where the warriors' words are joyful and their courage is strong, the garlands do not wither, and they indeed overcome their enemies in battle.
इष्टो वातः प्रविष्टस्य दक्षिणा प्रविविक्षतः। पश्चात्संसाधयत्यर्थं पुरस्तात्प्रतिषेधते ॥६-४-२२॥
iṣṭo vātaḥ praviṣṭasya dakṣiṇā pravivikṣataḥ। paścātsansādhayatyarthaṃ purastātpratiṣedhate ॥6-4-22॥
[इष्टः (iṣṭaḥ) - desired; वातः (vātaḥ) - wind; प्रविष्टस्य (praviṣṭasya) - of the entered; दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - south; प्रविविक्षतः (pravivikṣataḥ) - intending to enter; पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards; संसाधयति (sansādhayati) - accomplishes; अर्थम् (artham) - purpose; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - before; प्रतिषेधते (pratiṣedhate) - prevents;]
(The desired wind of the one who has entered the south intending to enter, afterwards accomplishes the purpose, prevents before.)
The favorable wind aids the one who has entered the south and intends to proceed further, achieving the goal and preventing obstacles ahead.
शब्दरूपरसस्पर्शगन्धाश्चाविष्कृताः शुभाः। सदा योधाश्च हृष्टाश्च येषां तेषां ध्रुवं जयः ॥६-४-२३॥
śabdarūparasasparśagandhāścāviṣkṛtāḥ śubhāḥ। sadā yodhāśca hṛṣṭāśca yeṣāṃ teṣāṃ dhruvaṃ jayaḥ ॥6-4-23॥
[शब्द (śabda) - sound; रूप (rūpa) - form; रस (rasa) - taste; स्पर्श (sparśa) - touch; गन्ध (gandha) - smell; च (ca) - and; अविष्कृताः (aviṣkṛtāḥ) - manifested; शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious; सदा (sadā) - always; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; च (ca) - and; हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful; च (ca) - and; येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose; तेषाम् (teṣām) - their; ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain; जयः (jayaḥ) - victory;]
(Sound, form, taste, touch, and smell are manifested as auspicious. Always, the warriors who are joyful, for them, victory is certain.)
The manifestations of sound, form, taste, touch, and smell are auspicious. The warriors who are always joyful are assured of victory.
अन्वेव वायवो वान्ति तथाभ्राणि वयांसि च। अनुप्लवन्ते मेघाश्च तथैवेन्द्रधनूंषि च ॥६-४-२४॥
anveva vāyavo vānti tathābhrāṇi vayāṃsi ca। anuplavante meghāśca tathaivendradhanūṃṣi ca ॥6-4-24॥
[अन्वेव (anveva) - indeed; वायवः (vāyavaḥ) - winds; वान्ति (vānti) - blow; तथा (tathā) - so; अभ्राणि (abhrāṇi) - clouds; वयांसि (vayāṃsi) - birds; च (ca) - and; अनुप्लवन्ते (anuplavante) - float; मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds; च (ca) - and; तथा (tathā) - so; एव (eva) - indeed; इन्द्रधनूंषि (indradhanūṃṣi) - rainbows; च (ca) - and;]
(Indeed, the winds blow, so do the clouds and birds. The clouds float, and so do the rainbows.)
The winds blow along with the clouds and birds. Similarly, the clouds float, as do the rainbows.
एतानि जयमानानां लक्षणानि विशां पते। भवन्ति विपरीतानि मुमूर्षूणां जनाधिप ॥६-४-२५॥
etāni jayamānānāṃ lakṣaṇāni viśāṃ pate। bhavanti viparītāni mumūrṣūṇāṃ janādhipa ॥6-4-25॥
[एतानि (etāni) - these; जयमानानां (jayamānānāṃ) - of the victorious; लक्षणानि (lakṣaṇāni) - signs; विशां (viśāṃ) - of the people; पते (pate) - O lord; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - are; विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - opposite; मुमूर्षूणां (mumūrṣūṇāṃ) - of the dying; जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O ruler;]
(These signs of the victorious, O lord of the people, are opposite for the dying, O ruler.)
O lord of the people, these signs that appear for the victorious are quite the opposite for those who are on the verge of death, O ruler.
अल्पायां वा महत्यां वा सेनायामिति निश्चितम्। हर्षो योधगणस्यैकं जयलक्षणमुच्यते ॥६-४-२६॥
alpāyāṃ vā mahatyāṃ vā senāyāmiti niścitam। harṣo yodhagaṇasyaikaṃ jayalakṣaṇamucyate ॥6-4-26॥
[अल्पायाम् (alpāyām) - in a small; वा (vā) - or; महत्याम् (mahatyām) - in a large; वा (vā) - or; सेनायाम् (senāyām) - in an army; इति (iti) - thus; निश्चितम् (niścitam) - determined; हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy; योधगणस्य (yodhagaṇasya) - of the group of warriors; एकम् (ekam) - one; जयलक्षणम् (jayalakṣaṇam) - sign of victory; उच्यते (ucyate) - is said;]
(In a small or large army, it is determined that joy of the group of warriors is said to be one sign of victory.)
Whether in a small or large army, it is determined that the joy among the warriors is considered a sign of victory.
एको दीर्णो दारयति सेनां सुमहतीमपि। तं दीर्णमनुदीर्यन्ते योधाः शूरतमा अपि ॥६-४-२७॥
eko dīrṇo dārayati senāṃ sumahatīmapi। taṃ dīrṇamanudīryante yodhāḥ śūratamā api ॥6-4-27॥
[एकः (ekaḥ) - one; दीर्णः (dīrṇaḥ) - broken; दारयति (dārayati) - tears apart; सेनाम् (senām) - army; सुमहतीम् (sumahatīm) - very great; अपि (api) - even; तम् (tam) - that; दीर्णम् (dīrṇam) - broken; अनुदीर्यन्ते (anudīryante) - follow; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; शूरतमाः (śūratamāḥ) - bravest; अपि (api) - even;]
(One broken tears apart even a very great army. That broken is followed by even the bravest warriors.)
Even a single broken warrior can tear apart a very great army, and even the bravest warriors follow that broken one.
दुर्निवारतमा चैव प्रभग्ना महती चमूः। अपामिव महावेगस्त्रस्ता मृगगणा इव ॥६-४-२८॥
durnivāratamā caiva prabhagnā mahatī camūḥ। apāmiva mahāvegastrastā mṛgagaṇā iva ॥6-4-28॥
[दुर्निवारतमा (durnivāratamā) - most irresistible; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; प्रभग्ना (prabhagnā) - scattered; महती (mahatī) - great; चमूः (camūḥ) - army; अपाम् (apām) - of waters; इव (iva) - like; महावेगः (mahāvegaḥ) - great speed; त्रस्ताः (trastāḥ) - frightened; मृगगणाः (mṛgagaṇāḥ) - herds of deer; इव (iva) - like;]
(The most irresistible and indeed scattered great army, like waters of great speed, frightened like herds of deer.)
The great army, which was most irresistible, was scattered and frightened like herds of deer by the great speed of the waters.
नैव शक्या समाधातुं संनिपाते महाचमूः। दीर्णा इत्येव दीर्यन्ते योधाः शूरतमा अपि ॥ भीतान्भग्नांश्च सम्प्रेक्ष्य भयं भूयो विवर्धते ॥६-४-२९॥
naiva śakyā samādhātuṃ saṃnipāte mahācamūḥ। dīrṇā ityeva dīryante yodhāḥ śūratamā api ॥ bhītānbhagnāṃśca samprekṣya bhayaṃ bhūyo vivardhate ॥6-4-29॥
[नैव (naiva) - not at all; शक्या (śakyā) - possible; समाधातुं (samādhātuṃ) - to be controlled; संनिपाते (saṃnipāte) - in the assembly; महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - great army; दीर्णा (dīrṇā) - torn; इत्येव (ityeva) - thus; दीर्यन्ते (dīryante) - are torn; योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors; शूरतमा (śūratamā) - bravest; अपि (api) - even; भीतान् (bhītān) - frightened; भग्नान् (bhagnān) - broken; च (ca) - and; सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - seeing; भयम् (bhayam) - fear; भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again; विवर्धते (vivardhate) - increases;]
(The great army cannot be controlled at all in the assembly. Thus, even the bravest warriors are torn. Seeing the frightened and broken, fear increases again.)
In the assembly, the great army cannot be controlled at all. Even the bravest warriors are torn apart. Seeing those who are frightened and broken, fear grows once more.
प्रभग्ना सहसा राजन्दिशो विभ्रामिता परैः। नैव स्थापयितुं शक्या शूरैरपि महाचमूः ॥६-४-३०॥
prabhagnā sahasā rājandiśo vibhrāmitā paraiḥ। naiva sthāpayituṃ śakyā śūrairapi mahācamūḥ ॥6-4-30॥
[प्रभग्ना (prabhagnā) - broken; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; राजन् (rājan) - O king; दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions; विभ्रामिता (vibhrāmitā) - confused; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others; न (na) - not; एव (eva) - indeed; स्थापयितुं (sthāpayituṃ) - to be established; शक्या (śakyā) - possible; शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by heroes; अपि (api) - even; महाचमूः (mahācamūḥ) - great army;]
(The directions, O king, suddenly broken and confused by others, the great army cannot indeed be established even by heroes.)
O King, the great army, once suddenly broken and confused by others, cannot be reassembled even by the bravest of heroes.
सम्भृत्य महतीं सेनां चतुरङ्गां महीपतिः। उपायपूर्वं मेधावी यतेत सततोत्थितः ॥६-४-३१॥
sambhṛtya mahatīṃ senāṃ caturaṅgāṃ mahīpatiḥ। upāyapūrvaṃ medhāvī yateta satatotthitaḥ ॥6-4-31॥
[सम्भृत्य (sambhṛtya) - having assembled; महतीं (mahatīṃ) - great; सेनां (senāṃ) - army; चतुरङ्गां (caturaṅgāṃ) - fourfold; महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king; उपायपूर्वं (upāyapūrvaṃ) - with strategy; मेधावी (medhāvī) - wise; यतेत (yateta) - should endeavor; सततोत्थितः (satatotthitaḥ) - constantly active;]
(Having assembled a great fourfold army, the wise king should endeavor with strategy, constantly active.)
The wise king, having gathered a formidable fourfold army, should always be proactive and strategic in his efforts.
उपायविजयं श्रेष्ठमाहुर्भेदेन मध्यमम्। जघन्य एष विजयो यो युद्धेन विशां पते ॥ महादोषः संनिपातस्ततो व्यङ्गः स उच्यते ॥६-४-३२॥
upāyavijayaṃ śreṣṭham āhur bhedena madhyamam। jaghanya eṣa vijayo yo yuddhena viśāṃ pate ॥ mahādoṣaḥ saṃnipātas tato vyaṅgaḥ sa ucyate ॥6-4-32॥
[उपायविजयं (upāyavijayaṃ) - victory by strategy; श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best; आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say; भेदेन (bhedena) - by division; मध्यमम् (madhyamam) - medium; जघन्य (jaghanya) - inferior; एषः (eṣaḥ) - this; विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory; यः (yaḥ) - which; युद्धेन (yuddhena) - by war; विशां (viśāṃ) - of men; पते (pate) - O lord; महादोषः (mahādoṣaḥ) - great fault; संनिपातः (saṃnipātaḥ) - collision; ततः (tataḥ) - therefore; व्यङ्गः (vyaṅgaḥ) - defect; सः (saḥ) - he; उच्यते (ucyate) - is called;]
(Victory by strategy is said to be the best, by division is medium, and this victory by war is inferior, O lord of men. A great fault is collision, therefore it is called a defect.)
The best victory is achieved through strategy, a moderate one through division, and the least through war, O lord of men. A collision is a great fault, and thus it is considered a defect.
परस्परज्ञाः संहृष्टा व्यवधूताः सुनिश्चिताः। पञ्चाशदपि ये शूरा मथ्नन्ति महतीं चमूम् ॥ अथ वा पञ्च षट्सप्त विजयन्त्यनिवर्तिनः ॥६-४-३३॥
parasparajñāḥ saṃhṛṣṭā vyavadhūtāḥ suniścitāḥ। pañcāśadapi ye śūrā mathnanti mahatīṃ camūm ॥ atha vā pañca ṣaṭsapta vijayantyanivartinaḥ ॥6-4-33॥
[परस्परज्ञाः (parasparajñāḥ) - mutually-knowing; संहृष्टा (saṃhṛṣṭā) - delighted; व्यवधूताः (vyavadhūtāḥ) - shaken; सुनिश्चिताः (suniścitāḥ) - well-determined; पञ्चाशदपि (pañcāśadapi) - even fifty; ये (ye) - who; शूरा (śūrā) - heroes; मथ्नन्ति (mathnanti) - crush; महतीं (mahatīṃ) - great; चमूम् (camūm) - army; अथ (atha) - or; वा (vā) - or; पञ्च (pañca) - five; षट्सप्त (ṣaṭsapta) - six or seven; विजयन्ति (vijayanti) - conquer; अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - non-returning;]
(Mutually-knowing, delighted, shaken, well-determined, even fifty heroes crush the great army. Or, five, six, or seven non-returning conquerors.)
Fifty mutually-knowing, delighted, and well-determined heroes can crush a great army. Alternatively, five, six, or seven relentless conquerors can achieve victory.
न वैनतेयो गरुडः प्रशंसति महाजनम्। दृष्ट्वा सुपर्णोपचितिं महतीमपि भारत ॥६-४-३४॥
na vainateyo garuḍaḥ praśaṁsati mahājanam। dṛṣṭvā suparṇopacitiṁ mahatīmapi bhārata ॥6-4-34॥
[न (na) - not; वैनतेयः (vainateyaḥ) - son of Vinata; गरुडः (garuḍaḥ) - Garuda; प्रशंसति (praśaṁsati) - praises; महाजनम् (mahājanam) - great people; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; सुपर्णोपचितिं (suparṇopacitiṁ) - Suparna's abode; महतीम् (mahatīm) - great; अपि (api) - even; भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata;]
(Garuda, the son of Vinata, does not praise the great people, having seen even the great abode of Suparna, O Bharata.)
O Bharata, Garuda, the son of Vinata, does not praise the great people even after witnessing the grandeur of Suparna's abode.
न बाहुल्येन सेनाया जयो भवति भारत। अध्रुवो हि जयो नाम दैवं चात्र परायणम् ॥ जयन्तो ह्यपि सङ्ग्रामे क्षयवन्तो भवन्त्युत ॥६-४-३५॥
na bāhulyena senāyā jayo bhavati bhārata। adhruvo hi jayo nāma daivaṃ cātra parāyaṇam ॥ jayanto hyapi saṅgrāme kṣayavanto bhavantyuta ॥6-4-35॥
[न (na) - not; बाहुल्येन (bāhulyena) - by multitude; सेनाया (senāyā) - of the army; जयः (jayaḥ) - victory; भवति (bhavati) - is; भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata; अध्रुवः (adhruvaḥ) - uncertain; हि (hi) - indeed; जयः (jayaḥ) - victory; नाम (nāma) - by name; दैवम् (daivam) - fate; च (ca) - and; अत्र (atra) - here; परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - the refuge; जयन्तः (jayantaḥ) - the victorious; हि (hi) - indeed; अपि (api) - even; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; क्षयवन्तः (kṣayavantaḥ) - subject to destruction; भवन्ति (bhavanti) - become; उत (uta) - certainly;]
(Victory is not achieved by the multitude of an army, O Bhārata. Victory is indeed uncertain and here fate is the refuge. Even the victorious in battle are certainly subject to destruction.)
O Bhārata, victory does not come from the size of the army. Victory is uncertain and depends on fate. Even those who win battles are ultimately subject to destruction.
