06.005
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca॥
[वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Vaiśampāyana said:)
Vaiśampāyana spoke:
एवमुक्त्वा ययौ व्यासो धृतराष्ट्राय धीमते। धृतराष्ट्रोऽपि तच्छ्रुत्वा ध्यानमेवान्वपद्यत ॥६-५-१॥
evamuktvā yayau vyāso dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dhīmate। dhṛtarāṣṭro'pi tacchrutvā dhyānamevānvapadyata ॥6-5-1॥
[एवम् (evam) - thus; उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken; ययौ (yayau) - went; व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa; धृतराष्ट्राय (dhṛtarāṣṭrāya) - to Dhritarashtra; धीमते (dhīmate) - wise; धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra; अपि (api) - also; तत् (tat) - that; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation; एव (eva) - indeed; अन्वपद्यत (anvapadyata) - engaged in;]
(Thus having spoken, Vyasa went to the wise Dhritarashtra. Dhritarashtra, having heard that, also engaged in meditation.)
After saying this, Vyasa went to the wise Dhritarashtra. Upon hearing this, Dhritarashtra too engaged in meditation.
स मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा विनिःश्वस्य मुहुर्मुहुः। सञ्जयं संशितात्मानमपृच्छद्भरतर्षभ ॥६-५-२॥
sa muhūrtamiva dhyātvā viniḥśvasya muhurmuhuḥ। sañjayaṃ saṃśitātmānamapṛcchadbharatarṣabha ॥6-5-2॥
[स (sa) - he; मुहूर्तमिव (muhūrtamiva) - for a moment as if; ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated; विनिःश्वस्य (viniḥśvasya) - having sighed; मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again; सञ्जयम् (sañjayam) - Sanjaya; संशितात्मानम् (saṃśitātmānam) - with a resolute mind; अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - asked; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(He, having meditated for a moment as if, having sighed again and again, asked Sanjaya with a resolute mind, O best of the Bharatas.)
He paused as if in meditation for a moment, sighed repeatedly, and then asked Sanjaya with determination, 'O best of the Bharatas.'
सञ्जयेमे महीपालाः शूरा युद्धाभिनन्दिनः। अन्योन्यमभिनिघ्नन्ति शस्त्रैरुच्चावचैरपि ॥६-५-३॥
sañjayeme mahīpālāḥ śūrā yuddhābhinandinaḥ। anyonyamabhinighnanti śastrairuccāvacairapi ॥6-5-3॥
[सञ्जये (sañjaye) - O Sanjaya; इमे (ime) - these; महीपालाः (mahīpālāḥ) - kings; शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes; युद्ध-अभिनन्दिनः (yuddha-abhinandinaḥ) - rejoicing in battle; अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other; अभिनिघ्नन्ति (abhinighnanti) - are striking; शस्त्रैः (śastraiḥ) - with weapons; उच्चावचैः (uccāvacaiḥ) - various; अपि (api) - also;]
(O Sanjaya, these kings, heroes rejoicing in battle, are striking each other with various weapons also.)
O Sanjaya, these valiant kings, who delight in battle, are attacking each other with various weapons.
पार्थिवाः पृथिवीहेतोः समभित्यक्तजीविताः। न च शाम्यन्ति निघ्नन्तो वर्धयन्तो यमक्षयम् ॥६-५-४॥
pārthivāḥ pṛthivīhetoḥ samabhityaktajīvitāḥ। na ca śāmyanti nighnanto vardhayanto yamakṣayam ॥6-5-4॥
[पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings; पृथिवीहेतोः (pṛthivīhetoḥ) - for the sake of the earth; समभित्यक्तजीविताः (samabhityaktajīvitāḥ) - having completely sacrificed their lives; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; शाम्यन्ति (śāmyanti) - cease; निघ्नन्तः (nighnantaḥ) - killing; वर्धयन्तः (vardhayantaḥ) - increasing; यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - the abode of Yama;]
(The kings, for the sake of the earth, having completely sacrificed their lives, do not cease, killing and increasing the abode of Yama.)
The kings, in their quest for dominion over the earth, willingly sacrifice their lives, never ceasing in their efforts, as they continue to kill and expand the realm of death.
भौममैश्वर्यमिच्छन्तो न मृष्यन्ते परस्परम्। मन्ये बहुगुणा भूमिस्तन्ममाचक्ष्व सञ्जय ॥६-५-५॥
bhaumamaiśvaryamicchanto na mṛṣyante parasparam। manye bahuguṇā bhūmistanmamācakṣva sañjaya ॥6-5-5॥
[भौम (bhauma) - earthly; ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity; इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring; न (na) - not; मृष्यन्ते (mṛṣyante) - tolerate; परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other; मन्ये (manye) - I think; बहुगुणा (bahuguṇā) - many qualities; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; तत् (tat) - that; मम (mama) - my; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(Desiring earthly prosperity, they do not tolerate each other. I think the earth has many qualities. Tell me that, Sanjaya.)
Desiring earthly prosperity, they cannot tolerate each other. I believe the earth possesses many qualities. Please tell me about it, Sanjaya.
बहूनि च सहस्राणि प्रयुतान्यर्बुदानि च। कोट्यश्च लोकवीराणां समेताः कुरुजाङ्गले ॥६-५-६॥
bahūni ca sahasrāṇi prayutānyarbudāni ca। koṭyaśca lokavīrāṇāṃ sametāḥ kurujāṅgale ॥6-5-6॥
[बहूनि (bahūni) - many; च (ca) - and; सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands; प्रयुतानि (prayutāni) - tens of millions; अर्बुदानि (arbudāni) - hundreds of millions; च (ca) - and; कोट्यः (koṭyaḥ) - crores; लोकवीराणां (lokavīrāṇāṃ) - of the world's heroes; समेताः (sametāḥ) - assembled; कुरुजाङ्गले (kurujāṅgale) - in the Kuru field;]
(Many thousands, tens of millions, hundreds of millions, and crores of the world's heroes assembled in the Kuru field.)
Many thousands, millions, and crores of heroes from around the world gathered in the Kuru field.
देशानां च परीमाणं नगराणां च सञ्जय। श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन यत एते समागताः ॥६-५-७॥
deśānāṃ ca parīmāṇaṃ nagarāṇāṃ ca sañjaya। śrotumicchāmi tattvena yata ete samāgatāḥ ॥6-5-7॥
[देशानां (deśānāṃ) - of the countries; च (ca) - and; परीमाणं (parīmāṇaṃ) - the extent; नगराणां (nagarāṇāṃ) - of the cities; च (ca) - and; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear; इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in reality; यत (yata) - because; एते (ete) - these; समागताः (samāgatāḥ) - have assembled;]
(Of the countries and the extent of the cities, O Sanjaya, I wish to hear in reality because these have assembled.)
O Sanjaya, I wish to truly understand the extent of the countries and cities because these have gathered.
दिव्यबुद्धिप्रदीपेन युक्तस्त्वं ज्ञानचक्षुषा। प्रसादात्तस्य विप्रर्षेर्व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ॥६-५-८॥
divyabuddhipradīpena yuktastvaṃ jñānacakṣuṣā। prasādāttasya viprarṣervyāsasyāmitatejasaḥ ॥6-5-8॥
[दिव्य (divya) - divine; बुद्धि (buddhi) - intellect; प्रदीपेन (pradīpena) - by the lamp; युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; ज्ञान (jñāna) - knowledge; चक्षुषा (cakṣuṣā) - with the eye; प्रसादात् (prasādāt) - by the grace; तस्य (tasya) - of him; विप्रर्षेः (viprarṣeḥ) - of the sage; व्यासस्य (vyāsasya) - Vyasa; अमित (amita) - immeasurable; तेजसः (tejasaḥ) - splendor;]
(Endowed with divine intellect by the lamp, you, with the eye of knowledge, by the grace of that sage Vyasa of immeasurable splendor.)
You are endowed with divine intellect and the eye of knowledge by the grace of the sage Vyasa, who possesses immeasurable splendor.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
sañjaya uvāca॥
[सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Sanjaya said:)
Sanjaya said:
यथाप्रज्ञं महाप्राज्ञ भौमान्वक्ष्यामि ते गुणान्। शास्त्रचक्षुरवेक्षस्व नमस्ते भरतर्षभ ॥६-५-९॥
yathāprajñaṃ mahāprājña bhaumānvakṣyāmi te guṇān। śāstracakṣuravekṣasva namaste bharatarṣabha ॥6-5-9॥
[यथाप्रज्ञं (yathāprajñaṃ) - as per wisdom; महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O great wise one; भौमान् (bhaumān) - earthly; वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak; ते (te) - your; गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities; शास्त्रचक्षुः (śāstracakṣuḥ) - with the eye of scripture; अवेक्षस्व (avekṣasva) - observe; नमः (namaḥ) - salutations; ते (te) - to you; भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas;]
(As per wisdom, O great wise one, I will speak of your earthly qualities. Observe with the eye of scripture. Salutations to you, O best of the Bharatas.)
O great wise one, I will describe your earthly qualities as per wisdom. Please observe them with the insight of the scriptures. Salutations to you, O best of the Bharatas.
द्विविधानीह भूतानि त्रसानि स्थावराणि च। त्रसानां त्रिविधा योनिरण्डस्वेदजरायुजाः ॥६-५-१०॥
dvividhānīha bhūtāni trasāni sthāvarāṇi ca। trasānāṃ trividhā yoniraṇḍasvedajarāyujāḥ ॥6-5-10॥
[द्विविधानि (dvividhāni) - two types; इह (iha) - here; भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings; त्रसानि (trasāni) - moving; स्थावराणि (sthāvarāṇi) - non-moving; च (ca) - and; त्रसानाम् (trasānām) - of the moving; त्रिविधा (trividhā) - threefold; योनिः (yoniḥ) - origin; अण्ड (aṇḍa) - egg-born; स्वेद (sveda) - sweat-born; जरायुजाः (jarāyujāḥ) - womb-born;]
(Here, beings are of two types: moving and non-moving. The moving beings have threefold origins: egg-born, sweat-born, and womb-born.)
In this world, there are two types of beings: those that move and those that do not. Among the moving beings, there are three kinds of origins: those born from eggs, those born from sweat, and those born from the womb.
त्रसानां खलु सर्वेषां श्रेष्ठा राजञ्जरायुजाः। जरायुजानां प्रवरा मानवाः पशवश्च ये ॥६-५-११॥
trasānāṃ khalu sarveṣāṃ śreṣṭhā rājañjarāyujāḥ। jarāyujānāṃ pravarā mānavāḥ paśavaśca ye ॥6-5-11॥
[त्रसानाम् (trasānām) - of the moving beings; खलु (khalu) - indeed; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - the best; राजन् (rājan) - O king; जरायुजाः (jarāyujāḥ) - those born from a womb; जरायुजानाम् (jarāyujānām) - of those born from a womb; प्रवराः (pravarāḥ) - the foremost; मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - humans; पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals; च (ca) - and; ये (ye) - who;]
(Indeed, O king, among all moving beings, those born from a womb are the best; among those born from a womb, humans and animals are the foremost.)
O king, among all living beings, those born from a womb are considered the best, and among them, humans and animals are the foremost.
नानारूपाणि बिभ्राणास्तेषां भेदाश्चतुर्दश। अरण्यवासिनः सप्त सप्तैषां ग्रामवासिनः ॥६-५-१२॥
nānārūpāṇi bibhrāṇāsteṣāṃ bhedāścaturdaśa। araṇyavāsinaḥ sapta sapta eṣāṃ grāmavāsinaḥ ॥6-5-12॥
[नानारूपाणि (nānārūpāṇi) - various forms; बिभ्राणाः (bibhrāṇāḥ) - bearing; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; भेदाः (bhedāḥ) - divisions; चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen; अरण्यवासिनः (araṇyavāsinaḥ) - forest dwellers; सप्त (sapta) - seven; सप्त (sapta) - seven; एषां (eṣāṃ) - of these; ग्रामवासिनः (grāmavāsinaḥ) - village dwellers;]
(Bearing various forms, their divisions are fourteen. Seven are forest dwellers, and seven of these are village dwellers.)
They bear various forms and are divided into fourteen types: seven are forest dwellers and seven are village dwellers.
सिंहव्याघ्रवराहाश्च महिषा वारणास्तथा। ऋक्षाश्च वानराश्चैव सप्तारण्याः स्मृता नृप ॥६-५-१३॥
siṃhavyāghravarāhāśca mahiṣā vāraṇāstathā। ṛkṣāśca vānarāścaiva saptāraṇyāḥ smṛtā nṛpa ॥6-5-13॥
[सिंह (siṃha) - lion; व्याघ्र (vyāghra) - tiger; वराह (varāha) - boar; च (ca) - and; महिष (mahiṣa) - buffalo; वारण (vāraṇa) - elephant; तथा (tathā) - also; ऋक्ष (ṛkṣa) - bear; च (ca) - and; वानर (vānara) - monkey; च (ca) - and; एव (eva) - indeed; सप्त (sapta) - seven; अरण्याः (araṇyāḥ) - forests; स्मृता (smṛtā) - are considered; नृप (nṛpa) - O king;]
(Lions, tigers, boars, and buffaloes, elephants also; bears and monkeys indeed are considered the seven forests, O king.)
O king, lions, tigers, boars, buffaloes, elephants, bears, and monkeys are considered the seven types of forests.
गौरजो मनुजो मेषो वाज्यश्वतरगर्दभाः। एते ग्राम्याः समाख्याताः पशवः सप्त साधुभिः ॥६-५-१४॥
gaurajo manujo meṣo vājyaśvataragardabhāḥ। ete grāmyāḥ samākhyātāḥ paśavaḥ sapta sādhubhiḥ ॥6-5-14॥
[गौरजः (gaurajaḥ) - cow-born; मनुजः (manujaḥ) - human; मेषः (meṣaḥ) - sheep; वाज्यश्वतरगर्दभाः (vājyaśvataragardabhāḥ) - horses, mules, donkeys; एते (ete) - these; ग्राम्याः (grāmyāḥ) - domestic; समाख्याताः (samākhyātāḥ) - are called; पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals; सप्त (sapta) - seven; साधुभिः (sādhubhiḥ) - by the wise;]
(Cow-born, human, sheep, horses, mules, donkeys; these are called domestic animals, seven by the wise.)
The wise have identified seven types of domestic animals: cow-born, humans, sheep, horses, mules, and donkeys.
एते वै पशवो राजन्ग्राम्यारण्याश्चतुर्दश। वेदोक्ताः पृथिवीपाल येषु यज्ञाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥६-५-१५॥
ete vai paśavo rājan grāmyāraṇyāś caturdaśa। vedoktāḥ pṛthivīpāla yeṣu yajñāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ ॥6-5-15॥
[एते (ete) - these; वै (vai) - indeed; पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals; राजन् (rājan) - O king; ग्राम्य (grāmya) - domestic; अरण्य (araṇya) - wild; चतुर्दश (caturdaśa) - fourteen; वेदोक्ताः (vedoktāḥ) - mentioned in the Vedas; पृथिवीपाल (pṛthivīpāla) - O protector of the earth; येषु (yeṣu) - in which; यज्ञाः (yajñāḥ) - sacrifices; प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - are established;]
(These indeed are the fourteen animals, O king, both domestic and wild, mentioned in the Vedas, O protector of the earth, in which sacrifices are established.)
O King, these are the fourteen animals, both domestic and wild, as mentioned in the Vedas, in which the sacrifices are established, O protector of the earth.
ग्राम्याणां पुरुषः श्रेष्ठः सिंहश्चारण्यवासिनाम्। सर्वेषामेव भूतानामन्योन्येनाभिजीवनम् ॥६-५-१६॥
grāmyāṇāṃ puruṣaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ siṃhaścāraṇyavāsinām। sarveṣāmeva bhūtānāmanyonyenābhijīvanam ॥6-5-16॥
[ग्राम्याणां (grāmyāṇāṃ) - of the villagers; पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man; श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best; सिंहः (siṃhaḥ) - lion; च (ca) - and; अरण्यवासिनाम् (araṇyavāsinām) - of the forest dwellers; सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all; एव (eva) - indeed; भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings; अन्योन्येन (anyonyena) - with each other; अभिजीवनम् (abhijīvanam) - living;]
(The man is the best among the villagers, and the lion among the forest dwellers. Indeed, all beings live with each other.)
Among the villagers, the man is considered the best, while among the forest dwellers, it is the lion. All beings, indeed, sustain themselves through mutual coexistence.
उद्भिज्जाः स्थावराः प्रोक्तास्तेषां पञ्चैव जातयः। वृक्षगुल्मलतावल्ल्यस्त्वक्सारास्तृणजातयः ॥६-५-१७॥
udbhijjāḥ sthāvarāḥ proktāsteṣāṃ pañcaiva jātayaḥ। vṛkṣagulmalatāvallyastvaksārāstṛṇajātayaḥ ॥6-5-17॥
[उद्भिज्जाः (udbhijjāḥ) - sprouting; स्थावराः (sthāvarāḥ) - immovable; प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are said; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - of them; पञ्च (pañca) - five; एव (eva) - indeed; जातयः (jātayaḥ) - kinds; वृक्ष (vṛkṣa) - trees; गुल्म (gulma) - shrubs; लता (latā) - creepers; वल्ल्यः (vallyaḥ) - vines; त्वक्साराः (tvaksārāḥ) - barks; तृणजातयः (tṛṇajātayaḥ) - grass species;]
(Sprouting immovable are said to be of them five indeed kinds: trees, shrubs, creepers, vines, barks, grass species.)
The immovable beings that sprout are said to have five kinds: trees, shrubs, creepers, vines, and grass species.
एषां विंशतिरेकोना महाभूतेषु पञ्चसु। चतुर्विंशतिरुद्दिष्टा गायत्री लोकसंमता ॥६-५-१८॥
eṣāṃ viṃśatirekonā mahābhūteṣu pañcasu। caturviṃśatiruddiṣṭā gāyatrī lokasaṃmatā ॥6-5-18॥
[एषाम् (eṣām) - of these; विंशतिरेकः (viṃśatirekaḥ) - twenty minus one; महाभूतेषु (mahābhūteṣu) - in the great elements; पञ्चसु (pañcasu) - in the five; चतुर्विंशतिः (caturviṃśatiḥ) - twenty-four; उद्दिष्टा (uddiṣṭā) - is mentioned; गायत्री (gāyatrī) - Gāyatrī; लोकसंमता (lokasaṃmatā) - accepted by the world;]
(Of these, twenty minus one in the five great elements, twenty-four is mentioned, Gāyatrī accepted by the world.)
Among these, in the five great elements, twenty-four is mentioned as the Gāyatrī, which is accepted by the world.
य एतां वेद गायत्रीं पुण्यां सर्वगुणान्विताम्। तत्त्वेन भरतश्रेष्ठ स लोकान्न प्रणश्यति ॥६-५-१९॥
ya etāṃ veda gāyatrīṃ puṇyāṃ sarvaguṇānvitām। tattvena bharataśreṣṭha sa lokānna praṇaśyati ॥6-5-19॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; एताम् (etām) - this; वेद (veda) - knows; गायत्रीम् (gāyatrīm) - Gāyatrī; पुण्याम् (puṇyām) - sacred; सर्वगुणान्विताम् (sarvaguṇānvitām) - endowed with all virtues; तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - in essence; भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas; सः (saḥ) - he; लोकान् (lokān) - worlds; न (na) - not; प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes;]
(Who knows this sacred Gāyatrī, endowed with all virtues, in essence, O best of the Bharatas, he does not perish in the worlds.)
O best of the Bharatas, one who truly understands this sacred Gāyatrī, which is endowed with all virtues, will never perish in any world.
भूमौ हि जायते सर्वं भूमौ सर्वं प्रणश्यति। भूमिः प्रतिष्ठा भूतानां भूमिरेव परायणम् ॥६-५-२०॥
bhūmau hi jāyate sarvaṁ bhūmau sarvaṁ praṇaśyati। bhūmiḥ pratiṣṭhā bhūtānāṁ bhūmireva parāyaṇam ॥6-5-20॥
[भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth; हि (hi) - indeed; जायते (jāyate) - is born; सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - everything; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the earth; सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - everything; प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - perishes; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; प्रतिष्ठा (pratiṣṭhā) - foundation; भूतानां (bhūtānāṁ) - of beings; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth; एव (eva) - indeed; परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - refuge;]
(On the earth indeed everything is born, on the earth everything perishes. Earth is the foundation of beings, earth indeed is the refuge.)
Indeed, everything is born on the earth and everything perishes on it. The earth is the foundation of all beings and is their ultimate refuge.
यस्य भूमिस्तस्य सर्वं जगत्स्थावरजङ्गमम्। तत्राभिगृद्धा राजानो विनिघ्नन्तीतरेतरम् ॥६-५-२१॥
yasya bhūmistasya sarvaṃ jagatsthāvarajaṅgamam। tatrābhigṛddhā rājāno vinighnantītaretaram ॥6-5-21॥
[यस्य (yasya) - whose; भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - land; तस्य (tasya) - his; सर्वम् (sarvam) - all; जगत् (jagat) - world; स्थावर (sthāvara) - immovable; जङ्गमम् (jaṅgamam) - movable; तत्र (tatra) - there; अभिगृद्धाः (abhigṛddhāḥ) - greedy; राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings; विनिघ्नन्ति (vinighnanti) - kill; इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other;]
(Whose land, his all the world, immovable and movable. There greedy kings kill each other.)
The entire world, both movable and immovable, belongs to the one who owns the land. There, greedy kings fight and kill each other.
