06.010
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
Dhritarashtra said:
यदिदं भारतं वर्षं यत्रेदं मूर्छितं बलम्। यत्रातिमात्रं लुब्धोऽयं पुत्रो दुर्योधनो मम ॥६-१०-१॥
In this land of India, where the strength is stupefied, my son Duryodhana has become excessively greedy.
यत्र गृद्धाः पाण्डुसुता यत्र मे सज्जते मनः। एतन्मे तत्त्वमाचक्ष्व कुशलो ह्यसि सञ्जय ॥६-१०-२॥
Sanjaya, please tell me the truth about where the sons of Pandu are eager and where my mind is attached, as you are indeed knowledgeable.
सञ्जय उवाच॥
Sanjaya said:
न तत्र पाण्डवा गृद्धाः शृणु राजन्वचो मम। गृद्धो दुर्योधनस्तत्र शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः ॥६-१०-३॥
The Pandavas were not greedy there; listen, O king, to my words. It was Duryodhana who was greedy there, along with Shakuni, the son of Subala.
अपरे क्षत्रियाश्चापि नानाजनपदेश्वराः। ये गृद्धा भारते वर्षे न मृष्यन्ति परस्परम् ॥६-१०-४॥
In the land of Bharat, various kshatriya lords, driven by greed, do not tolerate each other.
अत्र ते वर्णयिष्यामि वर्षं भारत भारतम्। प्रियमिन्द्रस्य देवस्य मनोर्वैवस्वतस्य च ॥६-१०-५॥
Here, I will narrate to you about the land of Bharata, India, which is dear to Indra, the god, and to Manu Vaivasvata.
पृथोश्च राजन्वैन्यस्य तथेक्ष्वाकोर्महात्मनः। ययातेरम्बरीषस्य मान्धातुर्नहुषस्य च ॥६-१०-६॥
O king, the lineage includes the great souls like Pṛthu, Vainya, Ikṣvāku, Yayāti, Ambarīṣa, Māndhātu, and Nahuṣa.
तथैव मुचुकुन्दस्य शिबेरौशीनरस्य च। ऋषभस्य तथैलस्य नृगस्य नृपतेस्तथा ॥६-१०-७॥
Similarly, the lineage of kings such as Mucukunda, Śibi, the descendant of Uśīnara, Ṛṣabha, Ila, and Nṛga is mentioned.
अन्येषां च महाराज क्षत्रियाणां बलीयसाम्। सर्वेषामेव राजेन्द्र प्रियं भारत भारतम् ॥६-१०-८॥
O great king, among others, the kshatriyas are the strongest. O king of kings, India is dear to all, O descendant of Bharata.
तत्ते वर्षं प्रवक्ष्यामि यथाश्रुतमरिंदम। शृणु मे गदतो राजन्यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ॥६-१०-९॥
I will recount to you the events of that year as I have heard them, O subduer of enemies. Listen to my words, O king, as you inquire of me.
महेन्द्रो मलयः सह्यः शुक्तिमानृक्षवानपि। विन्ध्यश्च पारियात्रश्च सप्तैते कुलपर्वताः ॥६-१०-१०॥
The seven chief mountains are Mahendra, Malaya, Sahya, Śuktimān, Ṛkṣavān, Vindhya, and Pāriyātra.
तेषां सहस्रशो राजन्पर्वतास्तु समीपतः। अभिज्ञाताः सारवन्तो विपुलाश्चित्रसानवः ॥६-१०-११॥
O king, there are thousands of well-known and valuable mountains nearby, vast and with varied peaks.
अन्ये ततोऽपरिज्ञाता ह्रस्वा ह्रस्वोपजीविनः। आर्या म्लेच्छाश्च कौरव्य तैर्मिश्राः पुरुषा विभो ॥६-१०-१२॥
O descendant of Kuru, there are others who are unknown, short in stature, living on little, noble, and foreigners. These people, O lord, are mixed by them.
नदीः पिबन्ति बहुला गङ्गां सिन्धुं सरस्वतीम्। गोदावरीं नर्मदां च बाहुदां च महानदीम् ॥६-१०-१३॥
The many rivers, including the Ganges, Sindhu, Sarasvati, Godavari, Narmada, Bahuda, and Mahanadi, are consumed.
शतद्रुं चन्द्रभागां च यमुनां च महानदीम्। दृषद्वतीं विपाशां च विपापां स्थूलवालुकाम् ॥६-१०-१४॥
The Sutlej, Chenab, and Yamuna rivers, along with the great river; the Drishadvati and Beas rivers, and the sinless one with coarse sand.
नदीं वेत्रवतीं चैव कृष्णवेणां च निम्नगाम्। इरावतीं वितस्तां च पयोष्णीं देविकामपि ॥६-१०-१५॥
The rivers Vetravati, Krishnavena, Iravati, Vitasta, Payoshni, and Devika are mentioned here.
वेदस्मृतिं वेतसिनीं त्रिदिवामिष्कुमालिनीम्। करीषिणीं चित्रवहां चित्रसेनां च निम्नगाम् ॥६-१०-१६॥
The river Vetasi, remembered for its connection to the Vedas, is adorned with heavenly flowers, flows through fertile lands, and is accompanied by a colorful army.
गोमतीं धूतपापां च वन्दनां च महानदीम्। कौशिकीं त्रिदिवां कृत्यां विचित्रां लोहतारिणीम् ॥६-१०-१७॥
The Gomati River, cleansed of sins and revered, and the great river Kausiki, which is heavenly, wonderful, and capable of crossing iron.
रथस्थां शतकुम्भां च सरयूं च नरेश्वर। चर्मण्वतीं वेत्रवतीं हस्तिसोमां दिशं तथा ॥६-१०-१८॥
O King, standing on a chariot with a hundred jars, along with the Sarayu river, the Carmanvati river, the Vetravati river, and the Hastisoma region, also in that direction.
शतावरीं पयोष्णीं च परां भैमरथीं तथा। कावेरीं चुलुकां चापि वापीं शतबलामपि ॥६-१०-१९॥
The rivers Shatavari, Payoshni, Para, and Bhaimarathi, as well as Kaveri, Chuluka, Vapi, and Shatabala, are mentioned.
निचीरां महितां चापि सुप्रयोगां नराधिप। पवित्रां कुण्डलां सिन्धुं वाजिनीं पुरमालिनीम् ॥६-१०-२०॥
O king, the garment is great and well-used, pure like an earring, vast as the ocean, swift as a horse, and adorned with city garlands.
पूर्वाभिरामां वीरां च भीमामोघवतीं तथा। पलाशिनीं पापहरां महेन्द्रां पिप्पलावतीम् ॥६-१०-२१॥
The region is charming from the east, heroic, terrifying, and infallible. It is also covered with leaves, removes sins, and is associated with the great Indra and Pippala trees.
पारिषेणामसिक्नीं च सरलां भारमर्दिनीम्। पुरुहीं प्रवरां मेनां मोघां घृतवतीं तथा ॥६-१०-२२॥
Pāriṣeṇāmasiknī, Saralā, Bhāramardinī, Puruhī, the distinguished Menā, Moghā, and Ghṛtavatī are mentioned here.
धूमत्यामतिकृष्णां च सूचीं छावीं च कौरव। सदानीरामधृष्यां च कुशधारां महानदीम् ॥६-१०-२३॥
In the smoky and very dark pointed shadow, O Kaurava, lies the eternal and invincible Kushadhara, the great river.
शशिकान्तां शिवां चैव तथा वीरवतीमपि। वास्तुं सुवास्तुं गौरीं च कम्पनां सहिरण्वतीम् ॥६-१०-२४॥
The moon-like, auspicious, and heroic one, dwelling well, Gauri, trembling with Hiranyavati.
हिरण्वतीं चित्रवतीं चित्रसेनां च निम्नगाम्। रथचित्रां ज्योतिरथां विश्वामित्रां कपिञ्जलाम् ॥६-१०-२५॥
The rivers Hiraṇvatī, Citravatī, Citrasenā, along with the river Nimnagā, and others like Rathacitrā, Jyotirathā, Viśvāmitrā, and Kapiñjalā are mentioned.
उपेन्द्रां बहुलां चैव कुचरामम्बुवाहिनीम्। वैनन्दीं पिञ्जलां वेण्णां तुङ्गवेणां महानदीम् ॥६-१०-२६॥
The rivers Upendra, Bahula, Kucara, Vainandi, Pinjala, Venna, Tungavena, and the great river are mentioned.
विदिशां कृष्णवेण्णां च ताम्रां च कपिलामपि। शलुं सुवामां वेदाश्वां हरिस्रावां महापगाम् ॥६-१०-२७॥
The journey extends to Vidisha, Krishna Veni, Tamra, Kapila, Shalu, Suvama, Vedashva, Harisrava, and the great river.
शीघ्रां च पिच्छिलां चैव भारद्वाजीं च निम्नगाम्। कौशिकीं निम्नगां शोणां बाहुदामथ चन्दनाम् ॥६-१०-२८॥
The swift and slippery rivers, including Bhāradvājī, Kauśikī, and the red Bāhudā, along with Candanā, flow gracefully.
दुर्गामन्तःशिलां चैव ब्रह्ममेध्यां बृहद्वतीम्। चरक्षां महिरोहीं च तथा जम्बुनदीमपि ॥६-१०-२९॥
The fortress and the inner rock, indeed sacred to Brahma, along with Brihadvati, Charaksha, Mahirohi, and also the Jambu river.
सुनसां तमसां दासीं त्रसामन्यां वराणसीम्। लोलोद्धृतकरां चैव पूर्णाशां च महानदीम् ॥६-१०-३०॥
The beautiful-nosed, dark servant, trembling in another Varanasi, with a swinging raised hand, full of hope, and the great river.
मानवीं वृषभां चैव महानद्यो जनाधिप। सदानिरामयां वृत्यां मन्दगां मन्दवाहिनीम् ॥६-१०-३१॥
O ruler of people, the great rivers, resembling humans and bulls, always flow slowly and are free from disease.
ब्रह्माणीं च महागौरीं दुर्गामपि च भारत। चित्रोपलां चित्रबर्हां मञ्जुं मकरवाहिनीम् ॥६-१०-३२॥
O Bharata, Brahmani, Mahagauri, and Durga, adorned with colorful stones and plumes, beautifully riding on a crocodile.
मन्दाकिनीं वैतरणीं कोकां चैव महानदीम्। शुक्तिमतीमरण्यां च पुष्पवेण्युत्पलावतीम् ॥६-१०-३३॥
The rivers Mandakini, Vaitarani, Koka, and the great river Mahanadi; along with Shuktimati, and the forest regions of Pushpaveni and Utpalavati.
लोहित्यां करतोयां च तथैव वृषभङ्गिनीम्। कुमारीमृषिकुल्यां च ब्रह्मकुल्यां च भारत ॥६-१०-३४॥
O Bhārata, the rivers Lohitya, Karatoya, Vṛṣabhaṅginī, Kumārī, Ṛṣikulya, and Brahmakulya are mentioned.
सरस्वतीः सुपुण्याश्च सर्वा गङ्गाश्च मारिष। विश्वस्य मातरः सर्वाः सर्वाश्चैव महाबलाः ॥६-१०-३५॥
O gentle lady, Sarasvati and all the Ganga are very pure. All the mothers of the universe are indeed very powerful.
तथा नद्यस्त्वप्रकाशाः शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः। इत्येताः सरितो राजन्समाख्याता यथास्मृति ॥६-१०-३६॥
Thus, O king, these countless rivers, unseen by many, are named according to tradition and memory.
अत ऊर्ध्वं जनपदान्निबोध गदतो मम। तत्रेमे कुरुपाञ्चालाः शाल्वमाद्रेयजाङ्गलाः ॥६-१०-३७॥
Listen to my words about the regions above. Here are the Kurus, Panchalas, Shalvas, Madreyas, and Jangalas.
शूरसेनाः कलिङ्गाश्च बोधा मौकास्तथैव च। मत्स्याः सुकुट्यः सौबल्याः कुन्तलाः काशिकोशलाः ॥६-१०-३८॥
The Shurasenas, Kalingas, Bodhas, Maukas, Matsyas, Sukutyas, Saubalyas, Kuntalas, and Kashikoshalas are mentioned together.
चेदिवत्साः करूषाश्च भोजाः सिन्धुपुलिन्दकाः। उत्तमौजा दशार्णाश्च मेकलाश्चोत्कलैः सह ॥६-१०-३९॥
The Chedi princes, Karusha, Bhoja, Sindhu, and Pulinda tribes, along with Uttamauja, Dasharna, Mekala, and Utkala people, all came together.
पाञ्चालाः कौशिजाश्चैव एकपृष्ठा युगन्धराः। सौधा मद्रा भुजिङ्गाश्च काशयोऽपरकाशयः ॥६-१०-४०॥
The Panchalas, Kausijas, Ekaprishthas, Yugandharas, Saudhas, Madras, Bhujingas, Kashayas, and Aparakashayas are mentioned here.
जठराः कुक्कुशाश्चैव सुदाशार्णाश्च भारत। कुन्तयोऽवन्तयश्चैव तथैवापरकुन्तयः ॥६-१०-४१॥
O Bharata, the Jatharas, Kukkushas, and Sudasharnas, along with the Kuntayas, Avantayas, and other Kuntayas are mentioned here.
गोविन्दा मन्दकाः षण्डा विदर्भानूपवासिकाः। अश्मकाः पांसुराष्ट्राश्च गोपराष्ट्राः पनीतकाः ॥६-१०-४२॥
The Govindas, Mandakas, Shaṇḍas, and the people from Vidarbha, Anupa, Ashmaka, Pamsu, and Gopa regions, along with the Panitakas, are mentioned.
आदिराष्ट्राः सुकुट्टाश्च बलिराष्ट्रं च केवलम्। वानरास्याः प्रवाहाश्च वक्रा वक्रभयाः शकाः ॥६-१०-४३॥
The original nations, well-formed, and Bali's kingdom alone; streams with monkey faces, crooked and fearful of crookedness, the Śakas.
विदेहका मागधाश्च सुह्माश्च विजयास्तथा। अङ्गा वङ्गाः कलिङ्गाश्च यकृल्लोमान एव च ॥६-१०-४४॥
The people of Videha, Magadha, Suhma, and the victorious ones, along with the people of Anga, Vanga, and Kalinga, are mentioned, including their liver and hair.
मल्लाः सुदेष्णाः प्राहूतास्तथा माहिषकार्षिकाः। वाहीका वाटधानाश्च आभीराः कालतोयकाः ॥६-१०-४५॥
Wrestlers, Sudeṣṇas, buffalo herders, Vāhīkas, gardeners, cowherds, and Kālatoyakas were all invited.
अपरन्ध्राश्च शूद्राश्च पह्लवाश्चर्मखण्डिकाः। अटवीशबराश्चैव मरुभौमाश्च मारिष ॥६-१०-४६॥
O gentle one, the people of Aparandhra, Shudras, Pahlavas, leather workers, forest tribes, and desert dwellers are mentioned.
उपावृश्चानुपावृश्चसुराष्ट्राः केकयास्तथा। कुट्टापरान्ता द्वैधेयाः काक्षाः सामुद्रनिष्कुटाः ॥६-१०-४७॥
The Upavṛśca and Anupavṛśca, along with the Surāṣṭras and Kekayas, as well as the Kuṭṭāparāntas, Dvaidheyas, Kākṣas, and Sāmudraniṣkuṭas, were all present.
अन्ध्राश्च बहवो राजन्नन्तर्गिर्यास्तथैव च। बहिर्गिर्याङ्गमलदा मागधा मानवर्जकाः ॥६-१०-४८॥
O king, there are many Andhras, both those within and outside the mountains, as well as the Angas, Maladas, Magadhas, and Manavarjakas.
मह्युत्तराः प्रावृषेया भार्गवाश्च जनाधिप। पुण्ड्रा भार्गाः किराताश्च सुदोष्णाः प्रमुदास्तथा ॥६-१०-४९॥
O king, the northern regions during the rainy season are inhabited by the descendants of Bhrigu, as well as the Pundras, Bhargas, Kiratas, Sudoshna, and Pramuda.
शका निषादा निषधास्तथैवानर्तनैरृताः। दुगूलाः प्रतिमत्स्याश्च कुशलाः कुनटास्तथा ॥६-१०-५०॥
The tribes of Shakas, Nishadas, and Nishadhas, along with the Anartas, Dugulas, Pratimatsyas, and the skilled Kunatas, were all present.
तीरग्राहास्तरतोया राजिका रस्यकागणाः। तिलकाः पारसीकाश्च मधुमन्तः प्रकुत्सकाः ॥६-१०-५१॥
The text describes various groups and tribes, including those who seize the banks and cross waters, small kings, and groups like Rasyakas, Tilakas, Persians, Madhumantas, and Prakutsakas.
काश्मीराः सिन्धुसौवीरा गान्धारा दर्शकास्तथा। अभीसारा कुलूताश्च शैवला बाह्लिकास्तथा ॥६-१०-५२॥
The people of Kashmir, Sindhu, Sauvīra, Gandhara, Darshaka, Abhisara, Kuluṭa, Shaivala, and Bahlika are mentioned.
दर्वीकाः सकचा दर्वा वातजामरथोरगाः। बहुवाद्याश्च कौरव्य सुदामानः सुमल्लिकाः ॥६-१०-५३॥
O descendant of Kuru, there are women with ladles and hairpins, grass, wind-born chariots and serpents, and many musical instruments, along with Sudāmā and Sumallikā.
वध्राः करीषकाश्चापि कुलिन्दोपत्यकास्तथा। वनायवो दशापार्श्वा रोमाणः कुशबिन्दवः ॥६-१०-५४॥
The eunuchs, dung-workers, and inhabitants of the Kulinda valley, along with the forest-dwellers, are described as having ten sides, being hairy, and are known as the Kushabindus.
कच्छा गोपालकच्छाश्च लाङ्गलाः परवल्लकाः। किराता बर्बराः सिद्धा विदेहास्ताम्रलिङ्गकाः ॥६-१०-५५॥
The Kacchas, Gopālakacchas, Langalas, Paravallakas, Kiratas, Barbaras, Siddhas, Videhas, and Tamralingakas are mentioned.
ओष्ट्राः पुण्ड्राः ससैरन्ध्राः पार्वतीयाश्च मारिष। अथापरे जनपदा दक्षिणा भरतर्षभ ॥६-१०-५६॥
O prince, there are camels, Pundras, Sairandhras, and mountain dwellers. Then, O best of the Bharatas, there are other southern regions.
द्रविडाः केरलाः प्राच्या भूषिका वनवासिनः। उन्नत्यका माहिषका विकल्पा मूषकास्तथा ॥६-१०-५७॥
The Dravidians, Keralites, Easterners, and ornamented forest dwellers, along with highlanders, buffalo herders, alternatives, and mice, are mentioned in this context.
कर्णिकाः कुन्तिकाश्चैव सौद्भिदा नलकालकाः। कौकुट्टकास्तथा चोलाः कोङ्कणा मालवाणकाः ॥६-१०-५८॥
The Karṇikas, Kuntikas, Saudbhidas, Nalakālakas, Kaukuṭṭakas, Colas, Koṅkaṇas, and Mālavāṇakas are mentioned here.
समङ्गाः कोपनाश्चैव कुकुराङ्गदमारिषाः। ध्वजिन्युत्सवसङ्केतास्त्रिगर्ताः सर्वसेनयः ॥६-१०-५९॥
Samanga, Kopana, Kukura, Angada, Marisha, Dhvajin, Utsava, Sanketa, and Trigarta gathered with all their armies.
त्र्यङ्गाः केकरकाः प्रोष्ठाः परसञ्चरकास्तथा। तथैव विन्ध्यपुलकाः पुलिन्दाः कल्कलैः सह ॥६-१०-६०॥
The three-bodied beings, Kekaras, Proṣṭhas, and wanderers, as well as Vindhya Pulakas and Pulindas, are together with the Kalkalas.
मालका मल्लकाश्चैव तथैवापरवर्तकाः। कुलिन्दाः कुलकाश्चैव करण्ठाः कुरकास्तथा ॥६-१०-६१॥
The Mālakas, Mallakas, Aparavartakas, Kulindas, Kulakas, Karaṇṭhas, and Kurakas are mentioned in this context.
मूषका स्तनबालाश्च सतियः पत्तिपञ्जकाः। आदिदायाः सिरालाश्च स्तूबका स्तनपास्तथा ॥६-१०-६२॥
Mice, young children, wives, small groups of soldiers, original givers with heads, and heaps of infants are mentioned.
हृषीविदर्भाः कान्तीकास्तङ्गणाः परतङ्गणाः। उत्तराश्चापरे म्लेच्छा जना भरतसत्तम ॥६-१०-६३॥
O best of the Bharatas, there are the Hṛṣī and Vidarbhas, Kāntīkas, Taṅgaṇas, and Para-Taṅgaṇas, as well as the northern and other barbarian people.
यवनाश्च सकाम्बोजा दारुणा म्लेच्छजातयः। सक्षद्द्रुहः कुन्तलाश्च हूणाः पारतकैः सह ॥६-१०-६४॥
The Yavanas and Kambojas, known for their fierceness, along with the barbarian tribes like the Sakshaddruhas, Kuntalas, and Hunas, joined forces with the Paratakas.
तथैव मरधाश्चीनास्तथैव दशमालिकाः। क्षत्रियोपनिवेशाश्च वैश्यशूद्रकुलानि च ॥६-१०-६५॥
Similarly, there are the Marathas, the Chinese, the Dashamalikas, and the settlements of Kshatriyas, along with the families of Vaishyas and Shudras.
शूद्राभीराथ दरदाः काश्मीराः पशुभिः सह। खशिकाश्च तुखाराश्च पल्लवा गिरिगह्वराः ॥६-१०-६६॥
The Śūdras, Ābhīras, Daradas, and Kashmiris, along with their animals, as well as the Khaśikas, Tukhāras, and Pallavas, inhabit the mountain caves.
आत्रेयाः सभरद्वाजास्तथैव स्तनयोषिकाः। औपकाश्च कलिङ्गाश्च किरातानां च जातयः ॥६-१०-६७॥
The descendants of Atri, along with Bharadvaja, as well as the women of the breast, the descendants of Upaka, the Kalingas, and the tribes of the Kiratas are mentioned.
तामरा हंसमार्गाश्च तथैव करभञ्जकाः। उद्देशमात्रेण मया देशाः सङ्कीर्तिताः प्रभो ॥६-१०-६८॥
O lord, I have mentioned the regions of Tāmara, Haṁsamārga, and Karabhañjaka merely by naming them.
यथागुणबलं चापि त्रिवर्गस्य महाफलम्। दुह्येद्धेनुः कामधुक्च भूमिः सम्यगनुष्ठिता ॥६-१०-६९॥
According to the quality and strength, the great fruits of the threefold aim of life can be obtained from the cow and the wish-fulfilling earth, when they are properly cultivated.
तस्यां गृध्यन्ति राजानः शूरा धर्मार्थकोविदाः। ते त्यजन्त्याहवे प्राणान्रसागृद्धास्तरस्विनः ॥६-१०-७०॥
In that place, kings and heroes, who are well-versed in duty and wealth, covet. They valiantly give up their lives in battle, without coveting pleasures.
देवमानुषकायानां कामं भूमिः परायणम्। अन्योन्यस्यावलुम्पन्ति सारमेया इवामिषम् ॥६-१०-७१॥
The earth serves as the ultimate refuge for the desires of both gods and humans. They attack each other like dogs fighting over meat.
राजानो भरतश्रेष्ठ भोक्तुकामा वसुन्धराम्। न चापि तृप्तिः कामानां विद्यते चेह कस्यचित् ॥६-१०-७२॥
O best of the Bharatas, the kings desire to enjoy the earth, but no one here finds satisfaction in desires.
तस्मात्परिग्रहे भूमेर्यतन्ते कुरुपाण्डवाः। साम्ना दानेन भेदेन दण्डेनैव च पार्थिव ॥६-१०-७३॥
Therefore, O king, the Kurus and Pandavas are making efforts to gain control over the land through various means such as conciliation, gifts, division, and punishment.
पिता माता च पुत्रश्च खं द्यौश्च नरपुङ्गव। भूमिर्भवति भूतानां सम्यगच्छिद्रदर्शिनी ॥६-१०-७४॥
O best of men, the earth, along with the sky and heaven, becomes a perfect observer of the gaps among beings, just like a father, mother, and son.
