06.010
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
Dhritarashtra said:
yadidaṁ bhārataṁ varṣaṁ yatredaṁ mūrchitaṁ balam। yatrātimātraṁ lubdho'yaṁ putro duryodhano mama ॥6-10-1॥
In this land of India, where the strength is stupefied, my son Duryodhana has become excessively greedy.
yatra gṛddhāḥ pāṇḍusutā yatra me sajjate manaḥ। etanme tattvamācakṣva kuśalo hyasi sañjaya ॥6-10-2॥
Sanjaya, please tell me the truth about where the sons of Pandu are eager and where my mind is attached, as you are indeed knowledgeable.
sañjaya uvāca॥
Sanjaya said:
na tatra pāṇḍavā gṛddhāḥ śṛṇu rājanvaco mama। gṛddho duryodhanastatra śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ ॥6-10-3॥
The Pandavas were not greedy there; listen, O king, to my words. It was Duryodhana who was greedy there, along with Shakuni, the son of Subala.
apare kṣatriyāś cāpi nānājanapadeśvarāḥ। ye gṛddhā bhārate varṣe na mṛṣyanti parasparam ॥6-10-4॥
In the land of Bharat, various kshatriya lords, driven by greed, do not tolerate each other.
atra te varṇayiṣyāmi varṣaṃ bhārata bhāratam। priyamindrasya devasya manorvaivasvatasya ca ॥6-10-5॥
Here, I will narrate to you about the land of Bharata, India, which is dear to Indra, the god, and to Manu Vaivasvata.
pṛthośca rājanvainyasya tathekṣvākormahātmanaḥ। yayāterambarīṣasya māndhāturnahuṣasya ca ॥6-10-6॥
O king, the lineage includes the great souls like Pṛthu, Vainya, Ikṣvāku, Yayāti, Ambarīṣa, Māndhātu, and Nahuṣa.
tathaiva mucukundasya śiberauśīnarasya ca। ṛṣabhasya tathailasya nṛgasya nṛpatestathā ॥6-10-7॥
Similarly, the lineage of kings such as Mucukunda, Śibi, the descendant of Uśīnara, Ṛṣabha, Ila, and Nṛga is mentioned.
anyeṣāṃ ca mahārāja kṣatriyāṇāṃ balīyasām। sarveṣāmeva rājendra priyaṃ bhārata bhāratam ॥6-10-8॥
O great king, among others, the kshatriyas are the strongest. O king of kings, India is dear to all, O descendant of Bharata.
tatte varṣaṃ pravakṣyāmi yathāśrutamariṃdama। śṛṇu me gadato rājanya nmāṃ tvaṃ paripṛcchasi ॥6-10-9॥
I will recount to you the events of that year as I have heard them, O subduer of enemies. Listen to my words, O king, as you inquire of me.
mahendro malayaḥ sahyaḥ śuktimānṛkṣavānapi। vindhyaśca pāriyātraśca saptaite kulaparvatāḥ ॥6-10-10॥
The seven chief mountains are Mahendra, Malaya, Sahya, Śuktimān, Ṛkṣavān, Vindhya, and Pāriyātra.
teṣāṃ sahasraśo rājanparvatāstu samīpataḥ। abhijñātāḥ sāravanto vipulāścitrasānavaḥ ॥6-10-11॥
O king, there are thousands of well-known and valuable mountains nearby, vast and with varied peaks.
anye tato'parijñātā hrasvā hrasvopajīvinaḥ। āryā mlecchāśca kauravya tairmiśrāḥ puruṣā vibho ॥6-10-12॥
O descendant of Kuru, there are others who are unknown, short in stature, living on little, noble, and foreigners. These people, O lord, are mixed by them.
nadīḥ pibanti bahulā gaṅgāṃ sindhuṃ sarasvatīm। godāvarīṃ narmadāṃ ca bāhudāṃ ca mahānadīm ॥6-10-13॥
The many rivers, including the Ganges, Sindhu, Sarasvati, Godavari, Narmada, Bahuda, and Mahanadi, are consumed.
śatadruṁ candrabhāgāṁ ca yamunāṁ ca mahānadīm। dṛṣadvatīṁ vipāśāṁ ca vipāpāṁ sthūlavālukām ॥6-10-14॥
The Sutlej, Chenab, and Yamuna rivers, along with the great river; the Drishadvati and Beas rivers, and the sinless one with coarse sand.
nadīṃ vetravatīṃ caiva kṛṣṇaveṇāṃ ca nimnagām। irāvatīṃ vitastāṃ ca payoṣṇīṃ devikāmapi ॥6-10-15॥
The rivers Vetravati, Krishnavena, Iravati, Vitasta, Payoshni, and Devika are mentioned here.
vedasmṛtiṃ vetasinīṃ tridivāmiṣkumālinīm। karīṣiṇīṃ citravahaṃ citrasenāṃ ca nimnagām ॥6-10-16॥
The river Vetasi, remembered for its connection to the Vedas, is adorned with heavenly flowers, flows through fertile lands, and is accompanied by a colorful army.
gomatīṁ dhūtapāpāṁ ca vandanāṁ ca mahānadīm। kauśikīṁ tridivāṁ kṛtyāṁ vicitrāṁ lohatāriṇīm ॥6-10-17॥
The Gomati River, cleansed of sins and revered, and the great river Kausiki, which is heavenly, wonderful, and capable of crossing iron.
rathasthāṃ śatakumbhāṃ ca sarayūṃ ca nareśvara। carmaṇvatīṃ vetravatīṃ hastisomāṃ diśaṃ tathā ॥6-10-18॥
O King, standing on a chariot with a hundred jars, along with the Sarayu river, the Carmanvati river, the Vetravati river, and the Hastisoma region, also in that direction.
śatāvarīṃ payoṣṇīṃ ca parāṃ bhaimarathīṃ tathā। kāverīṃ culukāṃ cāpi vāpīṃ śatabalāmapi ॥6-10-19॥
The rivers Shatavari, Payoshni, Para, and Bhaimarathi, as well as Kaveri, Chuluka, Vapi, and Shatabala, are mentioned.
nicīrāṃ mahitāṃ cāpi suprayogāṃ narādhipa। pavitrāṃ kuṇḍalāṃ sindhuṃ vājinīṃ puramālinīm ॥6-10-20॥
O king, the garment is great and well-used, pure like an earring, vast as the ocean, swift as a horse, and adorned with city garlands.
pūrvābhirāmāṃ vīrāṃ ca bhīmāmoghavatīṃ tathā। palāśinīṃ pāpaharāṃ mahendrāṃ pippalāvatīm ॥6-10-21॥
The region is charming from the east, heroic, terrifying, and infallible. It is also covered with leaves, removes sins, and is associated with the great Indra and Pippala trees.
pāriṣeṇāmasiknīṃ ca saralāṃ bhāramardinīm। puruhīṃ pravarāṃ menāṃ moghāṃ ghṛtavatīṃ tathā ॥6-10-22॥
Pāriṣeṇāmasiknī, Saralā, Bhāramardinī, Puruhī, the distinguished Menā, Moghā, and Ghṛtavatī are mentioned here.
dhūmatyāmatikṛṣṇāṃ ca sūcīṃ chāvīṃ ca kaurava। sadānīrāmadhr̥ṣyāṃ ca kuśadhārāṃ mahānadīm ॥6-10-23॥
In the smoky and very dark pointed shadow, O Kaurava, lies the eternal and invincible Kushadhara, the great river.
śaśikāntāṃ śivāṃ caiva tathā vīravatīmapi। vāstuṃ suvāstuṃ gaurīṃ ca kampanāṃ sahiraṇvatīm ॥6-10-24॥
The moon-like, auspicious, and heroic one, dwelling well, Gauri, trembling with Hiranyavati.
hiraṇvatīṃ citravatīṃ citrasenāṃ ca nimnagām। rathacitrāṃ jyotirathāṃ viśvāmitrāṃ kapiñjalām ॥6-10-25॥
The rivers Hiraṇvatī, Citravatī, Citrasenā, along with the river Nimnagā, and others like Rathacitrā, Jyotirathā, Viśvāmitrā, and Kapiñjalā are mentioned.
upendrāṃ bahulāṃ caiva kucarāmambuvāhinīm। vainandīṃ piñjalāṃ veṇṇāṃ tuṅgaveṇāṃ mahānadīm ॥6-10-26॥
The rivers Upendra, Bahula, Kucara, Vainandi, Pinjala, Venna, Tungavena, and the great river are mentioned.
vidiśāṃ kṛṣṇaveṇṇāṃ ca tāmrāṃ ca kapilāmapi। śaluṃ suvāmāṃ vedāśvāṃ harisrāvāṃ mahāpagām ॥6-10-27॥
The journey extends to Vidisha, Krishna Veni, Tamra, Kapila, Shalu, Suvama, Vedashva, Harisrava, and the great river.
śīghrāṃ ca picchilāṃ caiva bhāradvājīṃ ca nimnagām। kauśikīṃ nimnagāṃ śoṇāṃ bāhudāmatha candanām ॥6-10-28॥
The swift and slippery rivers, including Bhāradvājī, Kauśikī, and the red Bāhudā, along with Candanā, flow gracefully.
durgāmantaḥśilāṃ caiva brahmamedhyāṃ bṛhadvatīm। carakṣāṃ mahirohīṃ ca tathā jambunadīmapi ॥6-10-29॥
The fortress and the inner rock, indeed sacred to Brahma, along with Brihadvati, Charaksha, Mahirohi, and also the Jambu river.
sunasāṃ tamasāṃ dāsīṃ trasāmanyāṃ varāṇasīm। loloddhṛtakarāṃ caiva pūrṇāśāṃ ca mahānadīm ॥6-10-30॥
The beautiful-nosed, dark servant, trembling in another Varanasi, with a swinging raised hand, full of hope, and the great river.
mānavīṃ vṛṣabhāṃ caiva mahānadyo janādhipa। sadānirāmayāṃ vṛtyāṃ mandagāṃ mandavāhinīm ॥6-10-31॥
O ruler of people, the great rivers, resembling humans and bulls, always flow slowly and are free from disease.
brahmāṇīṃ ca mahāgaurīṃ durgāmapi ca bhārata। citropalāṃ citrabarhāṃ mañjuṃ makaravāhinīm ॥6-10-32॥
O Bharata, Brahmani, Mahagauri, and Durga, adorned with colorful stones and plumes, beautifully riding on a crocodile.
mandākinīṃ vaitaraṇīṃ kokāṃ caiva mahānadīm। śuktimatīṃ araṇyāṃ ca puṣpaveṇyutpalāvatīm ॥6-10-33॥
The rivers Mandakini, Vaitarani, Koka, and the great river Mahanadi; along with Shuktimati, and the forest regions of Pushpaveni and Utpalavati.
lohityāṃ karatoyāṃ ca tathaiva vṛṣabhaṅginīm। kumārīmṛṣikulyāṃ ca brahmakulyāṃ ca bhārata ॥6-10-34॥
O Bhārata, the rivers Lohitya, Karatoya, Vṛṣabhaṅginī, Kumārī, Ṛṣikulya, and Brahmakulya are mentioned.
sarasvatīḥ supuṇyāśca sarvā gaṅgāśca māriṣa। viśvasya mātaraḥ sarvāḥ sarvāścaiva mahābalāḥ ॥6-10-35॥
O gentle lady, Sarasvati and all the Ganga are very pure. All the mothers of the universe are indeed very powerful.
tathā nadyastvaprakāśāḥ śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ। ityetāḥ sarito rājansamākhyātā yathāsmṛti ॥6-10-36॥
Thus, O king, these countless rivers, unseen by many, are named according to tradition and memory.
ata ūrdhvaṃ janapadān nibodha gadato mama। tatreme kurupāñcālāḥ śālvamādreyajāṅgalāḥ ॥6-10-37॥
Listen to my words about the regions above. Here are the Kurus, Panchalas, Shalvas, Madreyas, and Jangalas.
śūrasenāḥ kaliṅgāśca bodhā maukāstathaiva ca। matsyāḥ sukuṭyaḥ saubalyaḥ kuntalāḥ kāśikośalāḥ ॥6-10-38॥
The Shurasenas, Kalingas, Bodhas, Maukas, Matsyas, Sukutyas, Saubalyas, Kuntalas, and Kashikoshalas are mentioned together.
cedivatsāḥ karūṣāśca bhojāḥ sindhupulindakāḥ। uttamaujā daśārṇāśca mekalāścotkalaiḥ saha ॥6-10-39॥
The Chedi princes, Karusha, Bhoja, Sindhu, and Pulinda tribes, along with Uttamauja, Dasharna, Mekala, and Utkala people, all came together.
pāñcālāḥ kauśijāścaiva ekapṛṣṭhā yugandharāḥ। saudhā madrā bhujiṅgāśca kāśayo'parakāśayaḥ ॥6-10-40॥
The Panchalas, Kausijas, Ekaprishthas, Yugandharas, Saudhas, Madras, Bhujingas, Kashayas, and Aparakashayas are mentioned here.
jaṭharāḥ kukkuśāścaiva sudāśārṇāśca bhārata। kuntayo'vantayaścaiva tathaivāparakuntayaḥ ॥6-10-41॥
O Bharata, the Jatharas, Kukkushas, and Sudasharnas, along with the Kuntayas, Avantayas, and other Kuntayas are mentioned here.
govindā mandakāḥ ṣaṇḍā vidarbhānūpavāsikāḥ। aśmakāḥ pāṃsurāṣṭrāśca goparāṣṭrāḥ panītakāḥ ॥6-10-42॥
The Govindas, Mandakas, Shaṇḍas, and the people from Vidarbha, Anupa, Ashmaka, Pamsu, and Gopa regions, along with the Panitakas, are mentioned.
Ādirāṣṭrāḥ sukuṭṭāśca balirāṣṭraṃ ca kevalam। vānarāsyāḥ pravāhāśca vakrā vakrabhayāḥ śakāḥ ॥6-10-43॥
The original nations, well-formed, and Bali's kingdom alone; streams with monkey faces, crooked and fearful of crookedness, the Śakas.
videhakā māgadhāśca suhmāśca vijayāstathā। aṅgā vaṅgāḥ kaliṅgāśca yakṛlloman eva ca ॥6-10-44॥
The people of Videha, Magadha, Suhma, and the victorious ones, along with the people of Anga, Vanga, and Kalinga, are mentioned, including their liver and hair.
mallāḥ sudeṣṇāḥ prāhūtāstathā māhiṣakārṣikāḥ। vāhīkā vāṭadhānāśca ābhīrāḥ kālatoyakāḥ ॥6-10-45॥
Wrestlers, Sudeṣṇas, buffalo herders, Vāhīkas, gardeners, cowherds, and Kālatoyakas were all invited.
aparandhrāśca śūdrāśca pahlavāścarmakhaṇḍikāḥ। aṭavīśabarāścaiva marubhaumāśca māriṣa ॥6-10-46॥
O gentle one, the people of Aparandhra, Shudras, Pahlavas, leather workers, forest tribes, and desert dwellers are mentioned.
upāvṛścānupāvṛścasurāṣṭrāḥ kekayāstathā। kuṭṭāparāntā dvaidheyāḥ kākṣāḥ sāmudraniṣkuṭāḥ ॥6-10-47॥
The Upavṛśca and Anupavṛśca, along with the Surāṣṭras and Kekayas, as well as the Kuṭṭāparāntas, Dvaidheyas, Kākṣas, and Sāmudraniṣkuṭas, were all present.
andhrāśca bahavo rājannantargiryāstathaiva ca। bahirgiryāṅgamaladā māgadhā mānavarjakāḥ ॥6-10-48॥
O king, there are many Andhras, both those within and outside the mountains, as well as the Angas, Maladas, Magadhas, and Manavarjakas.
mahyuttarāḥ prāvṛṣeyā bhārgavāśca janādhipa। puṇḍrā bhārgāḥ kirātāśca sudoṣṇāḥ pramudāstathā ॥6-10-49॥
O king, the northern regions during the rainy season are inhabited by the descendants of Bhrigu, as well as the Pundras, Bhargas, Kiratas, Sudoshna, and Pramuda.
śakā niṣādā niṣadhāstathaivānartanairṛtāḥ। dugūlāḥ pratimatsyāśca kuśalāḥ kunaṭāstathā ॥6-10-50॥
The tribes of Shakas, Nishadas, and Nishadhas, along with the Anartas, Dugulas, Pratimatsyas, and the skilled Kunatas, were all present.
tīragrāhāstaratoyā rājikā rasyakāgaṇāḥ। tilakāḥ pārasīkāśca madhumantaḥ prakutsakāḥ ॥6-10-51॥
The text describes various groups and tribes, including those who seize the banks and cross waters, small kings, and groups like Rasyakas, Tilakas, Persians, Madhumantas, and Prakutsakas.
kāśmīrāḥ sindhusauvīrā gāndhārā darśakāstathā। abhīsārā kulūtāśca śaivalā bāhlikāstathā ॥6-10-52॥
The people of Kashmir, Sindhu, Sauvīra, Gandhara, Darshaka, Abhisara, Kuluṭa, Shaivala, and Bahlika are mentioned.
darvīkāḥ sakacā darvā vātajāmarathoragāḥ। bahuvādyāśca kauravya sudāmānaḥ sumallikāḥ ॥6-10-53॥
O descendant of Kuru, there are women with ladles and hairpins, grass, wind-born chariots and serpents, and many musical instruments, along with Sudāmā and Sumallikā.
vadhrāḥ karīṣakāścāpi kulindopatyakāstathā। vanāyavo daśāpārśvā romāṇaḥ kuśabindavaḥ ॥6-10-54॥
The eunuchs, dung-workers, and inhabitants of the Kulinda valley, along with the forest-dwellers, are described as having ten sides, being hairy, and are known as the Kushabindus.
kacchā gopālakacchāśca lāṅgalāḥ paravallakāḥ। kirātā barbarāḥ siddhā videhāstāmraliṅgakāḥ ॥6-10-55॥
The Kacchas, Gopālakacchas, Langalas, Paravallakas, Kiratas, Barbaras, Siddhas, Videhas, and Tamralingakas are mentioned.
oṣṭrāḥ puṇḍrāḥ sasairaṃdhrāḥ pārvatīyāśca māriṣa। athāpare janapadā dakṣiṇā bharatarṣabha ॥6-10-56॥
O prince, there are camels, Pundras, Sairandhras, and mountain dwellers. Then, O best of the Bharatas, there are other southern regions.
dravirāḥ kerālāḥ prācyā bhūṣikā vanavāsinaḥ। unnatyakā māhiṣakā vilkā mūṣakāstathā ॥6-10-57॥
The Dravidians, Keralites, Easterners, and ornamented forest dwellers, along with highlanders, buffalo herders, alternatives, and mice, are mentioned in this context.
karṇikāḥ kuntikāścaiva saudbhidā nalakālakāḥ। kaukuṭṭakāstathā colāḥ koṅkaṇā mālavāṇakāḥ ॥6-10-58॥
The Karṇikas, Kuntikas, Saudbhidas, Nalakālakas, Kaukuṭṭakas, Colas, Koṅkaṇas, and Mālavāṇakas are mentioned here.
samaṅgāḥ kopanāścaiva kukurāṅgadamāriṣāḥ। dhvajinyutsavasaṅketāstrigartāḥ sarvasenayaḥ ॥6-10-59॥
Samanga, Kopana, Kukura, Angada, Marisha, Dhvajin, Utsava, Sanketa, and Trigarta gathered with all their armies.
tryaṅgāḥ kekarakāḥ proṣṭhāḥ parasañcarakāstathā। tathaiva vindhyapulakāḥ pulindāḥ kalkalaiḥ saha ॥6-10-60॥
The three-bodied beings, Kekaras, Proṣṭhas, and wanderers, as well as Vindhya Pulakas and Pulindas, are together with the Kalkalas.
mālakā mallakāścaiva tathaivāparavartakāḥ। kulindāḥ kulakāścaiva karaṇṭhāḥ kurakāstathā ॥6-10-61॥
The Mālakas, Mallakas, Aparavartakas, Kulindas, Kulakas, Karaṇṭhas, and Kurakas are mentioned in this context.
mūṣakā stanabālāśca satiyaḥ pattipañjakāḥ। ādidāyāḥ sirālāśca stūbakā stanapāstathā ॥6-10-62॥
Mice, young children, wives, small groups of soldiers, original givers with heads, and heaps of infants are mentioned.
hṛṣīvidarbhāḥ kāntīkāstaṅgaṇāḥ parataṅgaṇāḥ। uttarāścāpare mlecchā janā bharatasattama ॥6-10-63॥
O best of the Bharatas, there are the Hṛṣī and Vidarbhas, Kāntīkas, Taṅgaṇas, and Para-Taṅgaṇas, as well as the northern and other barbarian people.
yavanāśca sakāmbojā dāruṇā mlecchajātayaḥ। sakṣaddruhaḥ kuntalāśca hūṇāḥ pāratakaiḥ saha ॥6-10-64॥
The Yavanas and Kambojas, known for their fierceness, along with the barbarian tribes like the Sakshaddruhas, Kuntalas, and Hunas, joined forces with the Paratakas.
tathaiva maradhāścīnāstathaiva daśamālikāḥ। kṣatriyopaniveśāśca vaiśyaśūdrakulāni ca ॥6-10-65॥
Similarly, there are the Marathas, the Chinese, the Dashamalikas, and the settlements of Kshatriyas, along with the families of Vaishyas and Shudras.
śūdrābhīrātha daradāḥ kāśmīrāḥ paśubhiḥ saha। khaśikāśca tukhārāśca pallavā girigahvarāḥ ॥6-10-66॥
The Śūdras, Ābhīras, Daradas, and Kashmiris, along with their animals, as well as the Khaśikas, Tukhāras, and Pallavas, inhabit the mountain caves.
ātreyāḥ sabharadvājāstathaiva stanayoṣikāḥ। aupakāśca kaliṅgāśca kirātānāṃ ca jātayaḥ ॥6-10-67॥
The descendants of Atri, along with Bharadvaja, as well as the women of the breast, the descendants of Upaka, the Kalingas, and the tribes of the Kiratas are mentioned.
tāmarā haṁsamārgāśca tathaiva karabhañjakāḥ। uddeśamātreṇa mayā deśāḥ saṅkīrtitāḥ prabho ॥6-10-68॥
O lord, I have mentioned the regions of Tāmara, Haṁsamārga, and Karabhañjaka merely by naming them.
yathāguṇabalaṃ cāpi trivargasya mahāphalam। duhyeddhenuḥ kāmadhukca bhūmiḥ samyaganuṣṭhitā ॥6-10-69॥
According to the quality and strength, the great fruits of the threefold aim of life can be obtained from the cow and the wish-fulfilling earth, when they are properly cultivated.
tasyāṃ gṛdhyanti rājānaḥ śūrā dharmārthakovidāḥ। te tyajantyāhave prāṇānrasāgṛddhāstarasvinaḥ ॥6-10-70॥
In that place, kings and heroes, who are well-versed in duty and wealth, covet. They valiantly give up their lives in battle, without coveting pleasures.
devamānuṣakāyānāṃ kāmaṃ bhūmiḥ parāyaṇam। anyonyasyāvalumpanti sārameyā ivāmiṣam ॥6-10-71॥
The earth serves as the ultimate refuge for the desires of both gods and humans. They attack each other like dogs fighting over meat.
rājāno bharataśreṣṭha bhoktukāmā vasundharām। na cāpi tṛptiḥ kāmānāṃ vidyate ceha kasyacit ॥6-10-72॥
O best of the Bharatas, the kings desire to enjoy the earth, but no one here finds satisfaction in desires.
tasmātparigrahe bhūmeryatante kurupāṇḍavāḥ। sāmnā dānena bhedena daṇḍenaiva ca pārthiva ॥6-10-73॥
Therefore, O king, the Kurus and Pandavas are making efforts to gain control over the land through various means such as conciliation, gifts, division, and punishment.
pitā mātā ca putraśca khaṃ dyauśca narapuṅgava। bhūmirbhavati bhūtānāṃ samyagacchidradarśinī ॥6-10-74॥
O best of men, the earth, along with the sky and heaven, becomes a perfect observer of the gaps among beings, just like a father, mother, and son.
