06.015
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca॥
[धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; उवाच (uvāca) - said;]
(Dhritarashtra said:)
Dhritarashtra spoke:
कथं कुरूणामृषभो हतो भीष्मः शिखण्डिना। कथं रथात्स न्यपतत्पिता मे वासवोपमः ॥६-१५-१॥
kathaṁ kurūṇāmṛṣabho hato bhīṣmaḥ śikhaṇḍinā। kathaṁ rathāts nyapatatpitā me vāsavopamaḥ ॥6-15-1॥
[कथं (katham) - how; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; ऋषभः (ṛṣabhaḥ) - the bull; हतः (hataḥ) - killed; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; शिखण्डिना (śikhaṇḍinā) - by Shikhandi; कथं (katham) - how; रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot; सः (saḥ) - he; न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell; पिता (pitā) - father; मे (me) - my; वासवोपमः (vāsavopamaḥ) - like Indra;]
(How was Bhishma, the bull of the Kurus, killed by Shikhandi? How did my father, like Indra, fall from the chariot?)
How did Bhishma, the revered leader of the Kurus, meet his end at the hands of Shikhandi? How did my father, who was comparable to Indra, fall from his chariot?
कथमासंश्च मे पुत्रा हीना भीष्मेण सञ्जय। बलिना देवकल्पेन गुर्वर्थे ब्रह्मचारिणा ॥६-१५-२॥
katham āsaṃś ca me putrā hīnā bhīṣmeṇa sañjaya। balinā devakalpena gurvarthe brahmacāriṇā ॥6-15-2॥
[कथम् (katham) - how; आसन् (āsan) - were; च (ca) - and; मे (me) - my; पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons; हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; बलिना (balinā) - by the powerful; देवकल्पेन (devakalpena) - god-like; गुर्वर्थे (gurvarthe) - for the sake of the teacher; ब्रह्मचारिणा (brahmacāriṇā) - by the celibate;]
(How were my sons deprived by Bhishma, O Sanjaya, by the powerful, god-like, celibate for the sake of the teacher?)
Sanjaya, how did my sons, deprived by the powerful and god-like Bhishma, who was celibate for the sake of his teacher, fare?
तस्मिन्हते महासत्त्वे महेष्वासे महाबले। महारथे नरव्याघ्रे किमु आसीन्मनस्तदा ॥६-१५-३॥
tasmin hate mahāsattve maheṣvāse mahābale। mahārathe naravyāghre kimu āsīn manas tadā ॥6-15-3॥
[तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; हते (hate) - slain; महासत्त्वे (mahāsattve) - great being; महेष्वासे (maheṣvāse) - great archer; महाबले (mahābale) - mighty; महारथे (mahārathe) - great chariot-warrior; नरव्याघ्रे (naravyāghre) - tiger among men; किमु (kimu) - what; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; मनः (manas) - mind; तदा (tadā) - then;]
(In that slain great being, great archer, mighty, great chariot-warrior, tiger among men, what was the mind then?)
When that great being, the mighty archer and warrior, who was like a tiger among men, was slain, what was the state of mind at that time?
आर्तिः परा माविशति यतः शंससि मे हतम्। कुरूणामृषभं वीरमकम्प्यं पुरुषर्षभम् ॥६-१५-४॥
ārtiḥ parā māviśati yataḥ śaṃsasi me hatam। kurūṇāmṛṣabhaṃ vīramakampyaṃ puruṣarṣabham ॥6-15-4॥
[आर्तिः (ārtiḥ) - distress; परा (parā) - supreme; मा (mā) - not; आविशति (āviśati) - enter; यतः (yataḥ) - because; शंससि (śaṃsasi) - you declare; मे (me) - my; हतम् (hatam) - slain; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus; ऋषभम् (ṛṣabham) - bull; वीरम् (vīram) - hero; अकम्प्यम् (akampyam) - unshakable; पुरुषर्षभम् (puruṣarṣabham) - best among men;]
(Distress supreme does not enter because you declare my slain bull of the Kurus, the hero, unshakable, best among men.)
Supreme distress does not overcome me because you declare that my unshakable hero, the bull among the Kurus and the best among men, has been slain.
के तं यान्तमनुप्रेयुः के चास्यासन्पुरोगमाः। केऽतिष्ठन्के न्यवर्तन्त केऽभ्यवर्तन्त सञ्जय ॥६-१५-५॥
ke taṃ yāntamanuprayuḥ ke cāsyāsanpurogamāḥ। ke'tiṣṭhanke nyavartanta ke'bhyavartanta sañjaya ॥6-15-5॥
[के (ke) - who; तं (taṃ) - him; यान्तम् (yāntam) - going; अनुप्रेयुः (anuprayuḥ) - followed; के (ke) - who; च (ca) - and; अस्य (asya) - his; आसन (āsan) - were; पुरोगमाः (purogamāḥ) - leaders; के (ke) - who; अतिष्ठन् (atiṣṭhan) - stood; के (ke) - who; न्यवर्तन्त (nyavartanta) - retreated; के (ke) - who; अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - advanced; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(Who followed him going, who were his leaders? Who stood, who retreated, who advanced, O Sanjaya?)
O Sanjaya, who followed him as he proceeded? Who were his leaders? Who stood firm, who retreated, and who advanced?
के शूरा रथशार्दूलमच्युतं क्षत्रियर्षभम्। रथानीकं गाहमानं सहसा पृष्ठतोऽन्वयुः ॥६-१५-६॥
ke śūrā rathaśārdūlam acyutaṃ kṣatriyarṣabham। rathānīkaṃ gāhamānaṃ sahasā pṛṣṭhato'nvayuḥ ॥6-15-6॥
[के (ke) - who; शूरा (śūrā) - heroes; रथशार्दूलम् (rathaśārdūlam) - tiger among charioteers; अच्युतम् (acyutam) - Acyuta; क्षत्रियर्षभम् (kṣatriyarṣabham) - bull among Kshatriyas; रथानीकम् (rathānīkam) - chariot army; गाहमानम् (gāhamānam) - entering; सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind; अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - followed;]
(Who are the heroes who suddenly followed Acyuta, the tiger among charioteers and bull among Kshatriyas, entering the chariot army from behind?)
The heroes who suddenly followed Acyuta, known as the tiger among charioteers and the bull among Kshatriyas, entered the chariot army from behind.
यस्तमोऽर्क इवापोहन्परसैन्यममित्रहा। सहस्ररश्मिप्रतिमः परेषां भयमादधत् ॥ अकरोद्दुष्करं कर्म रणे कौरवशासनात् ॥६-१५-७॥
yastamo'rka ivāpohanparasainyamamitrahā। sahasrarāśmipratimaḥ pareṣāṃ bhayamādadhat ॥ akarodduṣkaraṃ karma raṇe kauravaśāsanāt ॥6-15-7॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness; अर्कः (arkaḥ) - sun; इव (iva) - like; अपोहन (apohana) - removing; पर (para) - enemy; सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army; अमित्रहा (amitrahā) - destroyer of foes; सहस्र (sahasra) - thousand; रश्मि (raśmi) - rays; प्रतिमः (pratimaḥ) - like; परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of enemies; भयम् (bhayam) - fear; आदधत् (ādadhat) - causing; अकरोत् (akarot) - did; दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult; कर्म (karma) - deed; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; कौरव (kaurava) - Kaurava; शासनात् (śāsanāt) - command;]
(Who, like the sun removing darkness, destroyed the enemy army, like a thousand rays causing fear among the enemies, performed a difficult deed in the battle under the command of the Kauravas.)
He, who dispelled the darkness like the sun and destroyed the enemy forces, instilling fear like a thousand rays, accomplished a formidable task in the battle under the Kaurava's command.
ग्रसमानमनीकानि य एनं पर्यवारयन्। कृतिनं तं दुराधर्षं सम्यग्यास्यन्तमन्तिके ॥ कथं शान्तनवं युद्धे पाण्डवाः प्रत्यवारयन् ॥६-१५-८॥
grasamānam anīkāni ya enaṃ paryavārayan। kṛtinaṃ taṃ durādharṣaṃ samyagyāsyantamantike ॥ kathaṃ śāṃtanavaṃ yuddhe pāṇḍavāḥ pratyavārayan ॥6-15-8॥
[ग्रसमानम् (grasamānam) - devouring; अनीकानि (anīkāni) - troops; यः (yaḥ) - who; एनम् (enam) - him; पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded; कृतिनम् (kṛtinam) - skilled; तम् (tam) - him; दुराधर्षम् (durādharṣam) - invincible; सम्यक् (samyak) - properly; आस्यन्तम् (āsyantam) - approaching; अन्तिके (antike) - near; कथम् (katham) - how; शान्तनवम् (śāṃtanavam) - son of Śāṃtanu; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pāṇḍavas; प्रत्यवारयन् (pratyavārayan) - countered;]
(Devouring the troops, who surrounded him, the skilled, invincible one, properly approaching near. How did the Pāṇḍavas counter the son of Śāṃtanu in battle?)
The skilled and invincible warrior, who was devouring the troops surrounding him, approached properly near. How did the Pāṇḍavas counter the son of Śāṃtanu in battle?
निकृन्तन्तमनीकानि शरदंष्ट्रं तरस्विनम्। चापव्यात्ताननं घोरमसिजिह्वं दुरासदम् ॥६-१५-९॥
nikṛntantamanīkāni śaradaṃṣṭraṃ tarasvinam। cāpavyāttānanaṃ ghoram asijihvaṃ durāsadam ॥6-15-9॥
[निकृन्तन्तम (nikṛntantam) - cutting; अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies; शरदंष्ट्रं (śaradaṃṣṭraṃ) - with sharp teeth; तरस्विनम् (tarasvinam) - mighty; चापव्यात्ताननं (cāpavyāttānanaṃ) - with a bow drawn; घोरम (ghoram) - terrible; असिजिह्वं (asijihvaṃ) - with a sword-like tongue; दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - unapproachable;]
(Cutting armies, with sharp teeth, mighty, with a bow drawn, terrible, with a sword-like tongue, unapproachable.)
The mighty one, with sharp teeth and a drawn bow, was cutting through the armies, terrible and unapproachable with a sword-like tongue.
अत्यन्यान्पुरुषव्याघ्रान्ह्रीमन्तमपराजितम्। पातयामास कौन्तेयः कथं तमजितं युधि ॥६-१५-१०॥
atyanyān puruṣavyāghrān hrīmanta maparājitam। pātayāmāsa kaunteyaḥ kathaṃ tam ajitaṃ yudhi ॥6-15-10॥
[अत्यन्यान् (atyanyān) - other; पुरुषव्याघ्रान् (puruṣavyāghrān) - tiger among men; ह्रीमन्तम् (hrīmantaṃ) - modest; अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - unconquered; पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall; कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti; कथम् (kathaṃ) - how; तम् (tam) - him; अजितम् (ajitam) - unbeaten; युधि (yudhi) - in battle;]
(The son of Kunti caused other tigers among men, modest and unconquered, to fall. How did he defeat him in battle?)
The son of Kunti, Arjuna, brought down other great warriors who were modest and undefeated. How did he manage to defeat them in battle?
उग्रधन्वानमुग्रेषुं वर्तमानं रथोत्तमे। परेषामुत्तमाङ्गानि प्रचिन्वन्तं शितेषुभिः ॥६-१५-११॥
ugradhanmānamugreṣuṃ vartamānaṃ rathottame। pareṣāmuttamāṅgāni pracinvantaṃ śiteṣubhiḥ ॥6-15-11॥
[उग्रधन्वानम् (ugradhanmānam) - fierce-bowed one; उग्रेषुम् (ugreṣum) - with sharp arrows; वर्तमानम् (vartamānam) - existing; रथोत्तमे (rathottame) - in the best chariot; परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the enemies; उत्तमाङ्गानि (uttamāṅgāni) - the heads; प्रचिन्वन्तम् (pracinvantam) - piercing; शितेषुभिः (śiteṣubhiḥ) - with sharp arrows;]
(The fierce-bowed one, existing in the best chariot, piercing the heads of the enemies with sharp arrows.)
The warrior, known for his fierce bow, stood in the finest chariot, targeting and piercing the heads of his enemies with his sharp arrows.
पाण्डवानां महत्सैन्यं यं दृष्ट्वोद्यन्तमाहवे। कालाग्निमिव दुर्धर्षं समवेष्टत नित्यशः ॥६-१५-१२॥
pāṇḍavānāṃ mahatsainyaṃ yaṃ dṛṣṭvodyantamāhave। kālāgnimiva durdharṣaṃ samaveṣṭata nityaśaḥ ॥6-15-12॥
[पाण्डवानां (pāṇḍavānāṃ) - of the Pandavas; महत्सैन्यं (mahatsainyaṃ) - great army; यं (yaṃ) - which; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising; आहवे (āhave) - in battle; कालाग्निम् (kālāgnim) - like the fire of destruction; इव (iva) - like; दुर्धर्षं (durdharṣaṃ) - invincible; समवेष्टत (samaveṣṭata) - surrounded; नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - constantly;]
(Having seen the great army of the Pandavas rising in battle, like the invincible fire of destruction, he constantly surrounded it.)
Observing the formidable army of the Pandavas advancing in battle, akin to the unstoppable fire of doom, he perpetually encircled it.
परिकृष्य स सेनां मे दशरात्रमनीकहा। जगामास्तमिवादित्यः कृत्वा कर्म सुदुष्करम् ॥६-१५-१३॥
parikṛṣya sa senāṃ me daśarātramanīkaha। jagāmāstamivādityaḥ kṛtvā karma suduṣkaram ॥6-15-13॥
[परिकृष्य (parikṛṣya) - having drawn away; सः (saḥ) - he; सेनाम् (senām) - army; मे (me) - my; दशरात्रम् (daśarātram) - ten nights; अनीकहा (anīkaha) - destroyer of forces; जगाम (jagāma) - went; अस्तम् (astam) - to setting; इव (iva) - like; आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the sun; कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done; कर्म (karma) - deed; सुदुष्करम् (suduṣkaram) - very difficult;]
(Having drawn away my army for ten nights, he, the destroyer of forces, went to his setting like the sun, having done a very difficult deed.)
After drawing away my army for ten nights, he, the destroyer of forces, departed like the sun setting, having accomplished a very difficult task.
यः स शक्र इवाक्षय्यं वर्षं शरमयं सृजन्। जघान युधि योधानामर्बुदं दशभिर्दिनैः ॥६-१५-१४॥
yaḥ sa śakra ivākṣayyaṃ varṣaṃ śaramayaṃ sṛjan। jaghāna yudhi yodhānāmarbudaṃ daśabhirdinaiḥ ॥6-15-14॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; स (sa) - he; शक्र (śakra) - Indra; इव (iva) - like; अक्षय्यम् (akṣayyam) - inexhaustible; वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain; शरमयम् (śaramayam) - of arrows; सृजन् (sṛjan) - creating; जघान (jaghāna) - killed; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of warriors; अर्बुदम् (arbudam) - a hundred million; दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - in ten; दिनैः (dinaiḥ) - days;]
(He, like Indra, creating an inexhaustible rain of arrows, killed a hundred million warriors in battle in ten days.)
He, like Indra, unleashed an unending storm of arrows and slew a hundred million warriors in the battle within ten days.
स शेते निष्टनन्भूमौ वातरुग्ण इव द्रुमः। मम दुर्मन्त्रितेनासौ यथा नार्हः स भारतः ॥६-१५-१५॥
sa śete niṣṭananbhūmau vātarugṇa iva drumaḥ। mama durmantritenāsau yathā nārhaḥ sa bhārataḥ ॥6-15-15॥
[स (sa) - he; शेते (śete) - lies; निष्टनन् (niṣṭanan) - groaning; भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground; वातरुग्ण (vātarugṇa) - wind-broken; इव (iva) - like; द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - a tree; मम (mama) - my; दुर्मन्त्रितेन (durmantritena) - by ill advice; असौ (asau) - he; यथा (yathā) - as; न (na) - not; अर्हः (arhaḥ) - deserving; स (sa) - that; भारतः (bhārataḥ) - Bharata;]
(He lies groaning on the ground like a wind-broken tree. By my ill advice, he, Bharata, is not as he deserves.)
He lies on the ground groaning like a tree broken by the wind. Due to my poor counsel, Bharata is in a state he does not deserve.
कथं शान्तनवं दृष्ट्वा पाण्डवानामनीकिनी। प्रहर्तुमशकत्तत्र भीष्मं भीमपराक्रमम् ॥६-१५-१६॥
kathaṁ śāntanavaṁ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍavānāmanīkinī। prahartumaśakattatra bhīṣmaṁ bhīmaparākramam ॥6-15-16॥
[कथं (kathaṁ) - how; शान्तनवं (śāntanavaṁ) - son of Śantanu; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas; अनीकिनी (anīkinī) - army; प्रहर्तुम् (prahartum) - to attack; अशकत् (aśakat) - was unable; तत्र (tatra) - there; भीष्मं (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma; भीमपराक्रमम् (bhīmaparākramam) - of terrible prowess;]
(How, having seen the army of the Pāṇḍavas, was the son of Śantanu unable to attack there, Bhīṣma of terrible prowess?)
Upon seeing the formidable army of the Pāṇḍavas, Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu, known for his terrible prowess, found himself unable to launch an attack.
कथं भीष्मेण सङ्ग्राममकुर्वन्पाण्डुनन्दनाः। कथं च नाजयद्भीष्मो द्रोणे जीवति सञ्जय ॥६-१५-१७॥
kathaṁ bhīṣmeṇa saṅgrāmamakurvanpāṇḍunandanāḥ। kathaṁ ca nājayadbhīṣmo droṇe jīvati sañjaya ॥6-15-17॥
[कथं (katham) - how; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma; सङ्ग्रामम् (saṅgrāmam) - battle; अकुर्वन् (akurvan) - did fight; पाण्डुनन्दनाः (pāṇḍunandanāḥ) - sons of Pandu; कथं (katham) - how; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; अजयत् (ajayat) - did conquer; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; द्रोणे (droṇe) - Drona; जीवति (jīvati) - living; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(How did the sons of Pandu fight the battle with Bhishma? And how did Bhishma not conquer while Drona was living, O Sanjaya?)
Sanjaya, how did the sons of Pandu engage in battle with Bhishma, and how was it that Bhishma did not achieve victory while Drona was still alive?
कृपे संनिहिते तत्र भरद्वाजात्मजे तथा। भीष्मः प्रहरतां श्रेष्ठः कथं स निधनं गतः ॥६-१५-१८॥
kṛpe saṃnihite tatra bharadvājātmaje tathā। bhīṣmaḥ praharatāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ kathaṃ sa nidhanaṃ gataḥ ॥6-15-18॥
[कृपे (kṛpe) - in Kripa; संनिहिते (saṃnihite) - present; तत्र (tatra) - there; भरद्वाजात्मजे (bharadvājātmaje) - son of Bharadvaja; तथा (tathā) - also; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; प्रहरतां (praharatāṃ) - of the fighters; श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the best; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; स (sa) - he; निधनं (nidhanaṃ) - death; गतः (gataḥ) - went;]
(In Kripa, present there, son of Bharadvaja, also Bhishma, the best of the fighters, how did he meet his death?)
In the presence of Kripa and the son of Bharadvaja, how did the great warrior Bhishma meet his end?
कथं चातिरथस्तेन पाञ्चाल्येन शिखण्डिना। भीष्मो विनिहतो युद्धे देवैरपि दुरुत्सहः ॥६-१५-१९॥
kathaṁ cātirathastena pāñcālyena śikhaṇḍinā। bhīṣmo vinihato yuddhe devairapi durutsahaḥ ॥6-15-19॥
[कथं (kathaṁ) - how; च (ca) - and; अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior; तेन (tena) - by him; पाञ्चाल्येन (pāñcālyena) - by the Panchala prince; शिखण्डिना (śikhaṇḍinā) - by Shikhandi; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; विनिहतः (vinihataḥ) - was slain; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; दैवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; अपि (api) - even; दुरुत्सहः (durutsahaḥ) - invincible;]
(How was the great chariot-warrior Bhishma, invincible even by the gods, slain in battle by the Panchala prince Shikhandi?)
How did the great warrior Bhishma, who was invincible even to the gods, fall in battle at the hands of Shikhandi, the prince of Panchala?
यः स्पर्धते रणे नित्यं जामदग्न्यं महाबलम्। अजितं जामदग्न्येन शक्रतुल्यपराक्रमम् ॥६-१५-२०॥
yaḥ spardhate raṇe nityaṃ jāmadagnyaṃ mahābalam। ajitaṃ jāmadagnyena śakratulyaparākramam ॥6-15-20॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; स्पर्धते (spardhate) - competes; रणे (raṇe) - in battle; नित्यं (nityaṃ) - always; जामदग्न्यं (jāmadagnyaṃ) - Jamadagnya; महाबलम् (mahābalam) - mighty; अजितं (ajitaṃ) - unconquered; जामदग्न्येन (jāmadagnyena) - by Jamadagni; शक्रतुल्यपराक्रमम् (śakratulyaparākramam) - equal in valor to Indra;]
(Who always competes in battle with the mighty Jamadagni, unconquered by Jamadagni, equal in valor to Indra.)
He who always challenges the mighty Jamadagni in battle, who remains unconquered by Jamadagni and is equal in valor to Indra.
तं हतं समरे भीष्मं महारथबलोचितम्। सञ्जयाचक्ष्व मे वीरं येन शर्म न विद्महे ॥६-१५-२१॥
taṃ hataṃ samare bhīṣmaṃ mahārathabalocitam। sañjayācakṣva me vīraṃ yena śarma na vidmahe ॥6-15-21॥
[तं (taṃ) - that; हतं (hataṃ) - slain; समरे (samare) - in battle; भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṃ) - Bhishma; महारथबलोचितम् (mahārathabalocitam) - worthy of a great chariot-warrior; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; मे (me) - me; वीरं (vīraṃ) - hero; येन (yena) - by whom; शर्म (śarma) - peace; न (na) - not; विद्महे (vidmahe) - we know;]
(Tell me, Sanjaya, about that hero by whom Bhishma, worthy of a great chariot-warrior, was slain in battle, and by whom we do not know peace.)
Sanjaya, please tell me about the hero who killed Bhishma in battle, a warrior worthy of a great chariot, and because of whom we find no peace.
मामकाः के महेष्वासा नाजहुः सञ्जयाच्युतम्। दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः के वीराः पर्यवारयन् ॥६-१५-२२॥
māmakāḥ ke maheṣvāsā naājahuḥ sañjayācyutam। duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ ke vīrāḥ paryavārayan ॥6-15-22॥
[मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - my people; के (ke) - who; महेष्वासा (maheṣvāsā) - great archers; न (na) - not; अजहुः (ajahuḥ) - abandoned; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; अच्युतम् (acyutam) - Achyuta; दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः (duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ) - ordered by Duryodhana; के (ke) - who; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded;]
(My people, who are the great archers, did not abandon Sanjaya and Achyuta. Who are the heroes ordered by Duryodhana that surrounded them?)
My warriors, the great archers, remained steadfast with Sanjaya and Achyuta. Who are the heroes commanded by Duryodhana that encircled them?
यच्छिखण्डिमुखाः सर्वे पाण्डवा भीष्ममभ्ययुः। कच्चिन्न कुरवो भीतास्तत्यजुः सञ्जयाच्युतम् ॥६-१५-२३॥
yacchikhaṇḍimukhāḥ sarve pāṇḍavā bhīṣmamabhyayuḥ। kaccinna kuravo bhītāstatyajuḥ sañjayācyutam ॥6-15-23॥
[यत् (yat) - when; शिखण्डि (śikhaṇḍi) - Śikhaṇḍi; मुखाः (mukhāḥ) - headed by; सर्वे (sarve) - all; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pāṇḍavas; भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma; अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - approached; कच्चित् (kaccit) - whether; न (na) - not; कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus; भीताः (bhītāḥ) - afraid; तत्यजुः (tatyajuḥ) - abandoned; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya; अच्युतम् (acyutam) - Acyuta;]
(When all the Pāṇḍavas headed by Śikhaṇḍi approached Bhīṣma, whether the Kurus, being afraid, did not abandon Sañjaya and Acyuta.)
When all the Pāṇḍavas led by Śikhaṇḍi approached Bhīṣma, did the Kurus, out of fear, abandon Sañjaya and Acyuta?
मौर्वीघोषस्तनयित्नुः पृषत्कपृषतो महान्। धनुर्ह्वादमहाशब्दो महामेघ इवोन्नतः ॥६-१५-२४॥
maurvīghoṣastanayitnuḥ pṛṣatkapṛṣato mahān। dhanurhvādamahāśabdo mahāmegha ivonnataḥ ॥6-15-24॥
[मौर्वी (maurvī) - bowstring; घोषः (ghoṣaḥ) - sound; तनयित्नुः (tanayitnuḥ) - thunder; पृषत्क (pṛṣatka) - arrows; पृषतः (pṛṣataḥ) - rain; महान् (mahān) - great; धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow; ह्वाद (hvāda) - roaring; महाशब्दः (mahāśabdaḥ) - great sound; महामेघः (mahāmeghaḥ) - great cloud; इव (iva) - like; उन्नतः (unnataḥ) - elevated;]
(The sound of the bowstring is like thunder, the arrows are like great rain; the bow roars with a great sound, elevated like a great cloud.)
The sound of the bowstring was like thunder, and the arrows fell like heavy rain. The bow roared with a mighty sound, towering like a great cloud.
यदभ्यवर्षत्कौन्तेयान्सपाञ्चालान्ससृञ्जयान्। निघ्नन्पररथान्वीरो दानवानिव वज्रभृत् ॥६-१५-२५॥
yad abhyavarṣat kaunteyān sapāñcālān sasṛñjayān। nighnan pararathān vīro dānavān iva vajrabhṛt ॥6-15-25॥
[यत् (yat) - when; अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - attacked; कौन्तेयान् (kaunteyān) - the sons of Kunti; सपाञ्चालान् (sapāñcālān) - along with the Panchalas; ससृञ्जयान् (sasṛñjayān) - along with the Srinjayas; निघ्नन् (nighnan) - slaying; पररथान् (pararathān) - the enemy chariots; वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero; दानवान् (dānavān) - the demons; इव (iva) - like; वज्रभृत् (vajrabhṛt) - the wielder of the thunderbolt;]
(When the hero attacked the sons of Kunti, along with the Panchalas and the Srinjayas, slaying the enemy chariots like the wielder of the thunderbolt slays the demons.)
When the hero attacked the sons of Kunti, along with the Panchalas and the Srinjayas, he destroyed the enemy chariots like Indra, the wielder of the thunderbolt, destroys the demons.
इष्वस्त्रसागरं घोरं बाणग्राहं दुरासदम्। कार्मुकोर्मिणमक्षय्यमद्वीपं समरेऽप्लवम् ॥ गदासिमकरावर्तं हयग्राहं गजाकुलम् ॥
iṣvastrasāgaraṃ ghoraṃ bāṇagrāhaṃ durāsadam। kārmukormiṇamakṣayyamadvīpaṃ samare'plavam ॥ gadāsimakarāvartaṃ hayagrāhaṃ gajākulam ॥
[इष्वस्त्रसागरम् (iṣvastrasāgaram) - ocean of arrows and weapons; घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible; बाणग्राहम् (bāṇagrāham) - with arrows as crocodiles; दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to approach; कार्मुक-उर्मिणम् (kārmuka-urmiṇam) - with bows as waves; अक्षय्यम् (akṣayyam) - inexhaustible; अद्वीपम् (advīpam) - without islands; समरे (samare) - in battle; अप्लवम् (aplavam) - without boats; गदा-असि-मकर-आवर्तम् (gadā-asi-makara-āvartam) - with clubs and swords as whirlpools; हय-ग्राहम् (haya-grāham) - with horses as crocodiles; गज-आकुलम् (gaja-ākulam) - filled with elephants;]
(A terrible ocean of arrows and weapons, difficult to approach, with arrows as crocodiles, bows as waves, inexhaustible, without islands, without boats in battle, with clubs and swords as whirlpools, with horses as crocodiles, filled with elephants.)
The battlefield was like a terrifying ocean, filled with arrows and weapons, where arrows were like crocodiles and bows like waves. It was inexhaustible, without islands or boats, and in the midst of battle, clubs and swords formed whirlpools, horses were like crocodiles, and it was teeming with elephants.
हयान्गजान्पदातांश्च रथांश्च तरसा बहून्। निमज्जयन्तं समरे परवीरापहारिणम् ॥६-१५-२७॥
hayāngajānpadātāṃśca rathāṃśca tarasā bahūn। nimajjayantaṃ samare paravīrāpahāriṇam ॥6-15-27॥
[हयान् (hayān) - horses; गजान् (gajān) - elephants; पदातान् (padātān) - foot soldiers; च (ca) - and; रथान् (rathān) - chariots; च (ca) - and; तरसा (tarasā) - quickly; बहून् (bahūn) - many; निमज्जयन्तम् (nimajjayantam) - submerging; समरे (samare) - in battle; परवीरापहारिणम् (paravīrāpahāriṇam) - destroyer of enemy heroes;]
(Submerging many horses, elephants, foot soldiers, and chariots quickly in battle, the destroyer of enemy heroes.)
The destroyer of enemy heroes swiftly submerged many horses, elephants, foot soldiers, and chariots in the battle.
विदह्यमानं कोपेन तेजसा च परन्तपम्। वेलेव मकरावासं के वीराः पर्यवारयन् ॥६-१५-२८॥
vidahyamānaṃ kopena tejasā ca parantapam। veleva makarāvāsaṃ ke vīrāḥ paryavārayan ॥6-15-28॥
[विदह्यमानं (vidahyamānam) - burning; कोपेन (kopena) - with anger; तेजसा (tejasā) - with energy; च (ca) - and; परन्तपम् (parantapam) - scorcher of foes; वेलेव (veleva) - like the shore; मकरावासं (makarāvāsam) - abode of crocodiles; के (ke) - which; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded;]
(Burning with anger and energy, the scorcher of foes was surrounded by heroes like the shore surrounds the abode of crocodiles.)
The heroes, like the shore surrounding the abode of crocodiles, surrounded the scorcher of foes who was burning with anger and energy.
भीष्मो यदकरोत्कर्म समरे सञ्जयारिहा। दुर्योधनहितार्थाय के तदास्य पुरोऽभवन् ॥६-१५-२९॥
bhīṣmo yadakarotkarma samare sañjayārihā। duryodhanahitārthāya ke tadāsya puro'bhavan ॥6-15-29॥
[भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; यत् (yat) - which; अकरोत् (akarot) - did; कर्म (karma) - action; समरे (samare) - in battle; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; अरिहा (arihā) - enemy-slayer; दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; हितार्थाय (hitārthāya) - for the benefit; के (ke) - who; तदा (tadā) - then; अस्य (asya) - his; पुरः (puraḥ) - in front; अभवन् (abhavan) - were;]
(Bhishma, who performed actions in battle, O Sanjaya, the enemy-slayer, for the benefit of Duryodhana, who then stood in front of him?)
O Sanjaya, who were those that stood in front of Bhishma, who performed heroic deeds in battle for the sake of Duryodhana?
केऽरक्षन्दक्षिणं चक्रं भीष्मस्यामिततेजसः। पृष्ठतः के परान्वीरा उपासेधन्यतव्रताः ॥६-१५-३०॥
ke'rakṣandakṣiṇaṃ cakraṃ bhīṣmasyāmitatejasaḥ। pṛṣṭhataḥ ke parānvīrā upāsedhanyatavratāḥ ॥6-15-30॥
[कः (kaḥ) - who; अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - protected; दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right; चक्रम् (cakram) - wheel; भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma; अमिततेजसः (amitatejasaḥ) - of immeasurable energy; पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind; कः (kaḥ) - who; परान् (parān) - enemies; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; उपासेधन् (upāsedhan) - approached; यतव्रताः (yatavratāḥ) - firm in vows;]
(Who protected the right wheel of Bhishma of immeasurable energy? Who were the heroic warriors that approached the enemies from behind, firm in their vows?)
Who guarded the right wheel of Bhishma, the one with immeasurable energy? And who were the valiant warriors that approached the enemies from behind, steadfast in their vows?
के पुरस्तादवर्तन्त रक्षन्तो भीष्ममन्तिके। केऽरक्षन्नुत्तरं चक्रं वीरा वीरस्य युध्यतः ॥६-१५-३१॥
ke purastādavartanta rakṣanto bhīṣmamantike। ke'rakṣannutaraṃ cakraṃ vīrā vīrasya yudhyataḥ ॥6-15-31॥
[के (ke) - who; पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - in front; अवर्तन्त (avartanta) - were present; रक्षन्तः (rakṣantaḥ) - protecting; भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma; अन्तिके (antike) - near; के (ke) - who; अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - did not protect; उत्तरम् (uttaram) - the rear; चक्रम् (cakram) - formation; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; वीरस्य (vīrasya) - of the hero; युध्यतः (yudhyataḥ) - fighting;]
(Who were present in front protecting Bhishma near? Who did not protect the rear formation of the hero fighting?)
Who stood in front protecting Bhishma closely? Who left the rear formation of the hero unprotected during the battle?
वामे चक्रे वर्तमानाः केऽघ्नन्सञ्जय सृञ्जयान्। समेताग्रमनीकेषु केऽभ्यरक्षन्दुरासदम् ॥६-१५-३२॥
vāme cakre vartamānāḥ ke'ghnansaṃjaya sṛñjayān। sametāgramanīkeṣu ke'bhyarakṣandurāsadam ॥6-15-32॥
[वामे (vāme) - on the left; चक्रे (cakre) - in the circle; वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - present; के (ke) - who; अघ्नन् (aghnan) - were striking; सञ्जय (saṃjaya) - Sanjaya; सृञ्जयान् (sṛñjayān) - the Srinjayas; समेत (sameta) - assembled; अग्र (agra) - front; मनीकेषु (manīkeṣu) - in the ranks; के (ke) - who; अभ्यरक्षन् (abhyarakṣan) - were protecting; दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - the invincible;]
(On the left, in the circle, who were present, who were striking, O Sanjaya, the Srinjayas; in the assembled front ranks, who were protecting the invincible.)
On the left side of the circle, who were present and striking, O Sanjaya, were the Srinjayas; in the assembled front ranks, who were protecting the invincible.
पार्श्वतः केऽभ्यवर्तन्त गच्छन्तो दुर्गमां गतिम्। समूहे के परान्वीरान्प्रत्ययुध्यन्त सञ्जय ॥६-१५-३३॥
pārśvataḥ ke'bhyavartanta gacchanto durgamāṃ gatim। samūhe ke parān vīrān pratyayudhyanta sañjaya ॥6-15-33॥
[पार्श्वतः (pārśvataḥ) - from the side; के (ke) - who; अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - approached; गच्छन्तः (gacchantaḥ) - going; दुर्गमाम् (durgamām) - difficult; गतिम् (gatim) - path; समूहे (samūhe) - in the group; के (ke) - who; परान् (parān) - enemies; वीरान् (vīrān) - heroes; प्रत्ययुध्यन्त (pratyayudhyanta) - fought against; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(From the side, who approached, going on a difficult path? In the group, who fought against the enemy heroes, O Sanjaya?)
Who approached from the side, proceeding on a difficult path? In the group, who were the heroes fighting against the enemies, O Sanjaya?
रक्ष्यमाणः कथं वीरैर्गोप्यमानाश्च तेन ते। दुर्जयानामनीकानि नाजयंस्तरसा युधि ॥६-१५-३४॥
rakṣyamāṇaḥ kathaṃ vīrairgopyamānāśca tena te। durjayānāmanīkāni nājayaṃstarasā yudhi ॥6-15-34॥
[रक्ष्यमाणः (rakṣyamāṇaḥ) - being protected; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by heroes; गोप्यमानाः (gopyamānāḥ) - being guarded; च (ca) - and; तेन (tena) - by him; ते (te) - they; दुर्जयानाम् (durjayānām) - of the invincible; अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies; न (na) - not; अजयं (ajayaṃ) - conquered; तरसा (tarasā) - by force; युधि (yudhi) - in battle;]
(Being protected by heroes and guarded by him, how did they not conquer the armies of the invincible by force in battle?)
Despite being protected by heroes and guarded by him, they could not conquer the invincible armies by force in battle.
सर्वलोकेश्वरस्येव परमेष्ठिप्रजापतेः। कथं प्रहर्तुमपि ते शेकुः सञ्जय पाण्डवाः ॥६-१५-३५॥
sarvalokeśvarasyeva parameṣṭhiprajāpateḥ। kathaṃ prahartumapi te śekuḥ sañjaya pāṇḍavāḥ ॥6-15-35॥
[सर्वलोकेश्वरस्य (sarvalokeśvarasya) - of the lord of all worlds; इव (iva) - like; परमेष्ठिप्रजापतेः (parameṣṭhiprajāpateḥ) - of the supreme creator; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; प्रहर्तुम् (prahartum) - to attack; अपि (api) - even; ते (te) - they; शेकुः (śekuḥ) - were able; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas;]
(How were the Pāṇḍavas, O Sañjaya, even able to attack, like the lord of all worlds, the supreme creator?)
O Sañjaya, how could the Pāṇḍavas even think of attacking someone as supreme as the lord of all worlds, the ultimate creator?
यस्मिन्द्वीपे समाश्रित्य युध्यन्ति कुरवः परैः। तं निमग्नं नरव्याघ्रं भीष्मं शंससि सञ्जय ॥६-१५-३६॥
yasmin dvīpe samāśritya yudhyanti kuravaḥ paraiḥ। taṃ nimagnaṃ naravyāghraṃ bhīṣmaṃ śaṃsasi sañjaya ॥6-15-36॥
[यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which; द्वीपे (dvīpe) - island; समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having taken refuge; युध्यन्ति (yudhyanti) - fight; कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Kurus; परैः (paraiḥ) - with enemies; तम् (tam) - that; निमग्नम् (nimagnam) - immersed; नरव्याघ्रम् (naravyāghram) - tiger among men; भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma; शंससि (śaṃsasi) - you praise; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(In which island, having taken refuge, the Kurus fight with enemies; you praise that immersed tiger among men, Bhishma, O Sanjaya.)
In the island where the Kurus have taken refuge and are fighting against their enemies, you, O Sanjaya, speak of the fallen Bhishma, the tiger among men.
यस्य वीर्ये समाश्वस्य मम पुत्रो बृहद्बलः। न पाण्डवानगणयत्कथं स निहतः परैः ॥६-१५-३७॥
yasya vīrye samāśvasya mama putro bṛhadbalaḥ। na pāṇḍavānagaṇayatkathaṃ sa nihataḥ paraiḥ ॥6-15-37॥
[यस्य (yasya) - whose; वीर्ये (vīrye) - in valor; समाश्वस्य (samāśvasya) - having relied upon; मम (mama) - my; पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son; बृहद्बलः (bṛhadbalaḥ) - Brihadbala; न (na) - not; पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas; अगणयत् (agaṇayat) - considered; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; सः (saḥ) - he; निहतः (nihataḥ) - was slain; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others;]
(Having relied upon whose valor, my son Brihadbala did not consider the Pandavas; how was he slain by others?)
Relying on his valor, my son Brihadbala did not regard the Pandavas; how then was he killed by others?
यः पुरा विबुधैः सेन्द्रैः साहाय्ये युद्धदुर्मदः। काङ्क्षितो दानवान्घ्नद्भिः पिता मम महाव्रतः ॥६-१५-३८॥
yaḥ purā vibudhaiḥ sendraiḥ sāhāyye yuddhadurmadaḥ। kāṅkṣito dānavānghnadbhiḥ pitā mama mahāvrataḥ ॥6-15-38॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; पुरा (purā) - formerly; विबुधैः (vibudhaiḥ) - by the wise; सेन्द्रैः (sendraiḥ) - with Indra; साहाय्ये (sāhāyye) - in assistance; युद्धदुर्मदः (yuddhadurmadaḥ) - arrogant in battle; काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired; दानवान्घ्नद्भिः (dānavānghnadbhiḥ) - by the slayers of demons; पिता (pitā) - father; मम (mama) - my; महाव्रतः (mahāvrataḥ) - great vow;]
(He who was formerly desired by the wise and Indra for assistance in battle, arrogant in battle, my father of great vow, by the slayers of demons.)
My father, who was once sought by the wise and Indra for help in battle and was arrogant in battle, is a man of great vows and a slayer of demons.
यस्मिञ्जाते महावीर्ये शन्तनुर्लोकशङ्करे। शोकं दुःखं च दैन्यं च प्राजहात्पुत्रलक्ष्मणि ॥६-१५-३९॥
yasmiñ jāte mahāvīrye śantanur lokaśaṅkare। śokaṃ duḥkhaṃ ca dainyaṃ ca prājahāt putralakṣmaṇi ॥6-15-39॥
[यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; जाते (jāte) - born; महावीर्ये (mahāvīrye) - of great prowess; शन्तनुः (śantanuḥ) - Śantanu; लोकशङ्करे (lokaśaṅkare) - benefactor of the world; शोकं (śokam) - sorrow; दुःखं (duḥkham) - grief; च (ca) - and; दैन्यं (dainyam) - misery; च (ca) - and; प्राजहात् (prājahāt) - abandoned; पुत्रलक्ष्मणि (putralakṣmaṇi) - in the son Lakṣmaṇa;]
(In whom, born of great prowess, Śantanu, the benefactor of the world, abandoned sorrow, grief, and misery in the son Lakṣmaṇa.)
When the mighty son Lakṣmaṇa was born, Śantanu, the benefactor of the world, abandoned all sorrow, grief, and misery.
प्रज्ञा परायणं तज्ज्ञं सद्धर्मनिरतं शुचिम्। वेदवेदाङ्गतत्त्वज्ञं कथं शंससि मे हतम् ॥६-१५-४०॥
prajñā parāyaṇaṃ tajjñaṃ saddharmanirataṃ śucim। vedavedāṅgatattvajñaṃ kathaṃ śaṃsasi me hatam ॥6-15-40॥
[प्रज्ञा (prajñā) - wisdom; परायणं (parāyaṇam) - dedicated to; तज्ज्ञं (tajjñam) - expert; सद्धर्मनिरतं (saddharmaniratam) - engaged in true dharma; शुचिम् (śucim) - pure; वेदवेदाङ्गतत्त्वज्ञं (vedavedāṅgatattvajñam) - knower of Vedas and Vedangas; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; शंससि (śaṃsasi) - do you declare; मे (me) - my; हतम् (hatam) - killed;]
(How do you declare my wise, dedicated, expert, pure, and true dharma-engaged knower of Vedas and Vedangas as killed?)
How can you say that my wise and pure expert, who is dedicated to true dharma and knowledgeable in the Vedas and Vedangas, has been killed?
सर्वास्त्रविनयोपेतं दान्तं शान्तं मनस्विनम्। हतं शान्तनवं श्रुत्वा मन्ये शेषं बलं हतम् ॥६-१५-४१॥
sarvāstravinayopetaṃ dāntaṃ śāntaṃ manasvinam। hataṃ śāntanavaṃ śrutvā manye śeṣaṃ balaṃ hatam ॥6-15-41॥
[सर्व (sarva) - all; अस्त्र (astra) - weapons; विनय (vinaya) - humility; उपेतं (upetaṃ) - endowed with; दान्तं (dāntaṃ) - restrained; शान्तं (śāntaṃ) - peaceful; मनस्विनम् (manasvinam) - wise; हतं (hataṃ) - killed; शान्तनवं (śāntanavaṃ) - Bhishma; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; मन् (manye) - I think; शेषं (śeṣaṃ) - remaining; बलं (balaṃ) - strength; हतं (hatam) - destroyed;]
(Endowed with humility towards all weapons, restrained, peaceful, wise; having heard that Bhishma is killed, I think the remaining strength is destroyed.)
Having heard of the fall of Bhishma, who was endowed with humility towards all weapons, restrained, peaceful, and wise, I believe the remaining strength is also gone.
धर्मादधर्मो बलवान्सम्प्राप्त इति मे मतिः। यत्र वृद्धं गुरुं हत्वा राज्यमिच्छन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥६-१५-४२॥
dharmādadharmo balavānsamprāpta iti me matiḥ। yatra vṛddhaṃ guruṃ hatvā rājyamicchanti pāṇḍavāḥ ॥6-15-42॥
[धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from righteousness; अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness; बलवान् (balavān) - strong; सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - has arrived; इति (iti) - thus; मे (me) - my; मतिः (matiḥ) - opinion; यत्र (yatra) - where; वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - elder; गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher; हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas;]
(From righteousness, unrighteousness has become strong, thus is my opinion. Where the Pandavas desire the kingdom having killed the elder teacher.)
In my opinion, unrighteousness has gained strength from righteousness, as the Pandavas seek the kingdom after killing the revered elder.
जामदग्न्यः पुरा रामः सर्वास्त्रविदनुत्तमः। अम्बार्थमुद्यतः सङ्ख्ये भीष्मेण युधि निर्जितः ॥६-१५-४३॥
jāmadaghnyaḥ purā rāmaḥ sarvāstravidanuttamaḥ। ambārthamudyataḥ saṅkhye bhīṣmeṇa yudhi nirjitaḥ ॥6-15-43॥
[जामदग्न्यः (jāmadaghnyaḥ) - son of Jamadagni; पुरा (purā) - formerly; रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama; सर्व (sarva) - all; अस्त्र (astra) - weapons; विद् (vid) - knower; अनुत्तमः (anuttamaḥ) - unsurpassed; अम्ब (amba) - for Amba; अर्थम् (artham) - for the sake of; उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - prepared; सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma; युधि (yudhi) - in combat; निर्जितः (nirjitaḥ) - defeated;]
(The son of Jamadagni, formerly Rama, unsurpassed knower of all weapons, prepared for the sake of Amba, was defeated in battle by Bhishma in combat.)
Once upon a time, the son of Jamadagni, Rama, who was the unsurpassed master of all weapons, was ready to fight for Amba but was defeated by Bhishma in battle.
तमिन्द्रसमकर्माणं ककुदं सर्वधन्विनाम्। हतं शंससि भीष्मं मे किं नु दुःखमतः परम् ॥६-१५-४४॥
tam indrasamakarmāṇaṃ kakudaṃ sarvadhanvinām। hataṃ śaṃsasi bhīṣmaṃ me kiṃ nu duḥkham ataḥ param ॥6-15-44॥
[तम् (tam) - that; इन्द्र (indra) - Indra; सम (sama) - equal; कर्माणं (karmāṇam) - in deeds; ककुदं (kakudam) - the chief; सर्व (sarva) - of all; धन्विनाम् (dhanvinām) - archers; हतं (hatam) - slain; शंससि (śaṃsasi) - you speak; भीष्मं (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma; मे (me) - my; किं (kiṃ) - what; नु (nu) - indeed; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow; अतः (ataḥ) - than this; परम् (param) - greater;]
(You speak of Bhishma, the chief of all archers, equal in deeds to Indra, as slain. What sorrow is greater than this for me?)
You tell me that Bhishma, the greatest of all archers and equal to Indra in his deeds, has been slain. What could be a greater sorrow for me than this?
असकृत्क्षत्रियव्राताः सङ्ख्ये येन विनिर्जिताः। जामदग्न्यस्तथा रामः परवीरनिघातिना ॥६-१५-४५॥
asakṛtkṣatriyavrātāḥ saṅkhye yena vinirjitāḥ। jāmadagnyastathā rāmaḥ paravīranighātinā ॥6-15-45॥
[असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly; क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya) - warriors; व्राताः (vrātāḥ) - groups; सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle; येन (yena) - by whom; विनिर्जिताः (vinirjitāḥ) - were conquered; जामदग्न्यः (jāmadagnyaḥ) - Jamadagni's son; तथा (tathā) - also; रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama; पर (para) - enemy; वीर (vīra) - heroes; निघातिना (nighātinā) - by the slayer;]
(Repeatedly, the groups of warriors were conquered in battle by whom, Jamadagni's son, also Rama, the slayer of enemy heroes.)
Jamadagni's son, Rama, who repeatedly conquered groups of warriors in battle, was the slayer of enemy heroes.
तस्मान्नूनं महावीर्याद्भार्गवाद्युद्धदुर्मदात्। तेजोवीर्यबलैर्भूयाञ्शिखण्डी द्रुपदात्मजः ॥६-१५-४६॥
tasmānnūnaṃ mahāvīryādbhārgavādyuddhadurmadāt। tejovīryabalairbhūyāñśikhaṇḍī drupadātmajaḥ ॥6-15-46॥
[तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly; महावीर्यात् (mahāvīryāt) - from the great heroism; भार्गवात् (bhārgavāt) - from Bhārgava; युद्धदुर्मदात् (yuddhadurmadāt) - from the arrogance in battle; तेजः (tejaḥ) - brilliance; वीर्य (vīrya) - heroism; बलैः (balaiḥ) - by strengths; भूयाञ् (bhūyāñ) - greater; शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī; द्रुपदात्मजः (drupadātmajaḥ) - the son of Drupada;]
(Therefore, certainly, from the great heroism of Bhārgava and the arrogance in battle, Śikhaṇḍī, the son of Drupada, is greater in brilliance, heroism, and strengths.)
Therefore, it is certain that Śikhaṇḍī, the son of Drupada, surpasses in brilliance, heroism, and strength due to the great heroism of Bhārgava and his arrogance in battle.
यः शूरं कृतिनं युद्धे सर्वशास्त्रविशारदम्। परमास्त्रविदं वीरं जघान भरतर्षभम् ॥६-१५-४७॥
yaḥ śūraṃ kṛtinaṃ yuddhe sarvaśāstraviśāradam। paramāstravidaṃ vīraṃ jaghāna bharatarṣabham ॥6-15-47॥
[यः (yaḥ) - who; शूरं (śūram) - heroic; कृतिनं (kṛtinaṃ) - skillful; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; सर्वशास्त्रविशारदम् (sarvaśāstraviśāradam) - expert in all scriptures; परमास्त्रविदं (paramāstravidam) - knower of supreme weapons; वीरं (vīram) - warrior; जघान (jaghāna) - killed; भरतर्षभम् (bharatarṣabham) - bull among the Bharatas;]
(Who killed the heroic, skillful warrior, expert in all scriptures and knower of supreme weapons, the bull among the Bharatas, in battle.)
He who killed the heroic and skillful warrior, expert in all scriptures and supreme weapons, the bull among the Bharatas, in battle.
के वीरास्तममित्रघ्नमन्वयुः शत्रुसंसदि। शंस मे तद्यथा वृत्तं युद्धं भीष्मस्य पाण्डवैः ॥६-१५-४८॥
ke vīrās tam amitraghnam anvayuḥ śatru-saṁsadi। śaṁsa me tad yathā vṛttaṁ yuddhaṁ bhīṣmasya pāṇḍavaiḥ ॥6-15-48॥
[के (ke) - who; वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes; तम् (tam) - him; अमित्रघ्नम् (amitraghnam) - foe-slayer; अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - followed; शत्रु (śatru) - enemy; संसदि (saṁsadi) - assembly; शंस (śaṁsa) - tell; मे (me) - me; तत् (tad) - that; यथा (yathā) - how; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma; पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas;]
(Who were the heroes that followed him, the foe-slayer, in the enemy assembly? Tell me how that battle of Bhishma with the Pandavas happened.)
Who were the heroes that accompanied the mighty Bhishma in the assembly of enemies? Please narrate to me how the battle between Bhishma and the Pandavas unfolded.
योषेव हतवीरा मे सेना पुत्रस्य सञ्जय। अगोपमिव चोद्भ्रान्तं गोकुलं तद्बलं मम ॥६-१५-४९॥
yoṣeva hatavīrā me senā putrasya sañjaya। agopamiva codbhrāntaṃ gokulaṃ tadbalaṃ mama ॥6-15-49॥
[योषा (yoṣā) - woman; इव (iva) - like; हतवीरा (hatavīrā) - with slain heroes; मे (me) - my; सेना (senā) - army; पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; अगोपम् (agopam) - without a protector; इव (iva) - like; च (ca) - and; उद्भ्रान्तम् (udbhrāntam) - confused; गोकुलम् (gokulam) - cowherd; तत् (tat) - that; बलम् (balam) - force; मम (mama) - my;]
(My army, O Sanjaya, is like a woman with slain heroes, like a cowherd without a protector, confused is that force of mine.)
O Sanjaya, my army is in disarray, like a woman who has lost her protectors, and like a cowherd without a guardian, it is bewildered and scattered.
पौरुषं सर्वलोकस्य परं यस्य महाहवे। परासिक्ते च वस्तस्मिन्कथमासीन्मनस्तदा ॥६-१५-५०॥
pauruṣaṃ sarvalokasya paraṃ yasya mahāhave। parāsikte ca vastasmin katham āsīn manas tadā ॥6-15-50॥
[पौरुषं (pauruṣam) - manliness; सर्वलोकस्य (sarvalokasya) - of all the worlds; परं (param) - supreme; यस्य (yasya) - whose; महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle; परासिक्ते (parāsikte) - drenched; च (ca) - and; वस्तस्मिन (vastasmin) - in that situation; कथम् (katham) - how; आसीत् (āsīt) - was; मनः (manaḥ) - mind; तदा (tadā) - then;]
(The supreme manliness of all the worlds, whose, in the great battle, drenched and in that situation, how was the mind then?)
In the great battle, when everything was drenched, how was the mind of the one whose supreme manliness was recognized by all the worlds?
जीवितेऽप्यद्य सामर्थ्यं किमिवास्मासु सञ्जय। घातयित्वा महावीर्यं पितरं लोकधार्मिकम् ॥६-१५-५१॥
jīvite'pyadya sāmarthyaṃ kimivāsmāsu sañjaya। ghātayitvā mahāvīryaṃ pitaraṃ lokadhārmikam ॥6-15-51॥
[जीविते (jīvite) - in life; अपि (api) - even; अद्य (adya) - today; सामर्थ्यं (sāmarthyaṃ) - strength; किम् (kim) - what; इव (iva) - like; अस्मासु (asmāsu) - in us; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya; घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having killed; महावीर्यं (mahāvīryaṃ) - great hero; पितरं (pitaraṃ) - father; लोकधार्मिकम् (lokadhārmikam) - upholder of the world's law;]
(Even today, what strength is there in us, O Sañjaya, having killed the great hero, the father, the upholder of the world's law?)
O Sañjaya, even today, what strength remains in us after having slain the great hero, our father, who was the upholder of the world's righteousness?
अगाधे सलिले मग्नां नावं दृष्ट्वेव पारगाः। भीष्मे हते भृशं दुःखान्मन्ये शोचन्ति पुत्रकाः ॥६-१५-५२॥
agādhe salile magnāṃ nāvaṃ dṛṣṭveva pāragāḥ। bhīṣme hate bhṛśaṃ duḥkhānmanye śocanti putrakāḥ ॥6-15-52॥
[अगाधे (agādhe) - in the unfathomable; सलिले (salile) - water; मग्नां (magnāṃ) - immersed; नावं (nāvaṃ) - boat; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; इव (iva) - like; पारगाः (pāragāḥ) - those who have crossed; भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - Bhishma; हते (hate) - slain; भृशं (bhṛśaṃ) - greatly; दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow; मन्ये (manye) - I think; शोचन्ति (śocanti) - lament; पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons;]
(In the unfathomable water, the boat is immersed; having seen it, those who have crossed, like Bhishma being slain, greatly from sorrow, I think, lament the sons.)
Seeing the boat immersed in the unfathomable waters, those who have crossed over, like the sons lamenting greatly after Bhishma was slain, are filled with sorrow.
अद्रिसारमयं नूनं सुदृढं हृदयं मम। यच्छ्रुत्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रं हतं भीष्मं न दीर्यते ॥६-१५-५३॥
adrisāramayaṁ nūnaṁ sudṛḍhaṁ hṛdayaṁ mama। yacchrutvā puruṣavyāghraṁ hataṁ bhīṣmaṁ na dīryate ॥6-15-53॥
[अद्रिसारमयं (adrisāramayaṁ) - made of mountain essence; नूनं (nūnaṁ) - indeed; सुदृढं (sudṛḍhaṁ) - very strong; हृदयं (hṛdayaṁ) - heart; मम (mama) - my; यत् (yat) - which; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; पुरुषव्याघ्रं (puruṣavyāghraṁ) - tiger among men; हतं (hataṁ) - slain; भीष्मं (bhīṣmaṁ) - Bhishma; न (na) - not; दीर्यते (dīryate) - breaks;]
(Indeed, my heart is made of mountain essence, very strong, which does not break having heard that the tiger among men, Bhishma, is slain.)
Indeed, my heart must be very strong, like it is made of mountain essence, as it does not break upon hearing that the great warrior Bhishma, the tiger among men, has been slain.
यस्मिन्नस्त्रं च मेधा च नीतिश्च भरतर्षभे। अप्रमेयाणि दुर्धर्षे कथं स निहतो युधि ॥६-१५-५४॥
yasminnastraṁ ca medhā ca nītiśca bharatarṣabhe। aprameyāṇi durdharṣe kathaṁ sa nihato yudhi ॥6-15-54॥
[यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in whom; अस्त्रं (astraṁ) - weapon; च (ca) - and; मेधा (medhā) - intelligence; च (ca) - and; नीतिः (nītiḥ) - policy; च (ca) - and; भरतर्षभे (bharatarṣabhe) - O best of the Bharatas; अप्रमेयाणि (aprameyāṇi) - immeasurable; दुर्धर्षे (durdharṣe) - invincible; कथं (kathaṁ) - how; सः (saḥ) - he; निहतः (nihataḥ) - was killed; युधि (yudhi) - in battle;]
(In whom weapon and intelligence and policy, O best of the Bharatas, immeasurable, invincible, how he was killed in battle.)
O best of the Bharatas, how could he, in whom weaponry, intelligence, and policy were immeasurable and invincible, be slain in battle?
न चास्त्रेण न शौर्येण तपसा मेधया न च। न धृत्या न पुनस्त्यागान्मृत्योः कश्चिद्विमुच्यते ॥६-१५-५५॥
na cāstreṇa na śauryeṇa tapasā medhayā na ca। na dhṛtyā na punastyāgānmṛtyoḥ kaścidvimucyate ॥6-15-55॥
[न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by weapon; न (na) - not; शौर्येण (śauryeṇa) - by valor; तपसा (tapasā) - by penance; मेधया (medhayā) - by intelligence; न (na) - not; च (ca) - and; न (na) - not; धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by determination; न (na) - not; पुनः (punas) - again; त्यागान् (tyāgān) - by renunciation; मृत्योः (mṛtyoḥ) - from death; कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone; विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is liberated;]
(Not by weapon, not by valor, not by penance, not by intelligence, not by determination, nor again by renunciation is anyone liberated from death.)
No one is freed from death by weapons, valor, penance, intelligence, determination, or even by renunciation.
कालो नूनं महावीर्यः सर्वलोकदुरत्ययः। यत्र शान्तनवं भीष्मं हतं शंससि सञ्जय ॥६-१५-५६॥
kālo nūnaṃ mahāvīryaḥ sarvalokaduratyayaḥ। yatra śāntanavaṃ bhīṣmaṃ hataṃ śaṃsasi sañjaya ॥6-15-56॥
[कालः (kālaḥ) - time; नूनम् (nūnam) - indeed; महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - mighty; सर्वलोकदुरत्ययः (sarvalokaduratyayaḥ) - unconquerable by all worlds; यत्र (yatra) - where; शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Śantanu; भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma; हतम् (hatam) - slain; शंससि (śaṃsasi) - you tell; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya;]
(Time is indeed mighty and unconquerable by all worlds; where you tell that Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu, is slain, O Sañjaya.)
Indeed, time is powerful and insurmountable by all beings; it is where you, Sañjaya, report the fall of Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu.
पुत्रशोकाभिसन्तप्तो महद्दुःखमचिन्तयन्। आशंसेऽहं पुरा त्राणं भीष्माच्छन्तनुनन्दनात् ॥६-१५-५७॥
putraśokābhisantapto mahadduḥkhamacintayan। āśaṁse'haṁ purā trāṇaṁ bhīṣmācchantanunandanāt ॥6-15-57॥
[पुत्र (putra) - son; शोक (śoka) - grief; अभिसन्तप्तः (abhisantaptaḥ) - overwhelmed; महत् (mahat) - great; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow; अचिन्तयन् (acintayan) - pondering; आशंसे (āśaṁse) - I hoped; अहम् (aham) - I; पुरा (purā) - formerly; त्राणम् (trāṇam) - protection; भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma; शन्तनु (śantanu) - Shantanu; नन्दनात् (nandanāt) - descendant;]
(Overwhelmed by the grief of my son, pondering great sorrow, I hoped formerly for protection from Bhishma, the descendant of Shantanu.)
Overwhelmed by the grief of losing my son, I was deeply pondering my great sorrow and had once hoped for protection from Bhishma, the descendant of Shantanu.
यदादित्यमिवापश्यत्पतितं भुवि सञ्जय। दुर्योधनः शान्तनवं किं तदा प्रत्यपद्यत ॥६-१५-५८॥
yadādityamivāpaśyatpatitaṃ bhuvi sañjaya। duryodhanaḥ śāntanavaṃ kiṃ tadā pratyapadyata ॥6-15-58॥
[यदा (yadā) - when; आदित्यम् (ādityam) - sun; इव (iva) - like; अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw; पतितम् (patitam) - fallen; भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Shantanu; किम् (kim) - what; तदा (tadā) - then; प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - did he do;]
(When Duryodhana saw Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, fallen on the ground like the sun, what did he do then, O Sanjaya?)
Sanjaya, when Duryodhana saw Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, fallen on the battlefield like the sun, what was his reaction?
नाहं स्वेषां परेषां वा बुद्ध्या सञ्जय चिन्तयन्। शेषं किञ्चित्प्रपश्यामि प्रत्यनीके महीक्षिताम् ॥६-१५-५९॥
nāhaṃ sveṣāṃ pareṣāṃ vā buddhyā sañjaya cintayan। śeṣaṃ kiñcitprapaśyāmi pratyanīke mahīkṣitām ॥6-15-59॥
[न (na) - not; अहम् (aham) - I; स्वेषाम् (sveṣām) - of my own; परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others; वा (vā) - or; बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intelligence; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking; शेषम् (śeṣam) - remaining; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - anything; प्रपश्यामि (prapaśyāmi) - I see; प्रत्यनीके (pratyanīke) - in the opposite army; महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of the kings;]
(Not I, of my own or others, by intelligence, Sanjaya, thinking, remaining anything, I see, in the opposite army, of the kings.)
Sanjaya, I do not see anything remaining of my own or others by intelligence in the opposite army of the kings.
दारुणः क्षत्रधर्मोऽयमृषिभिः सम्प्रदर्शितः। यत्र शान्तनवं हत्वा राज्यमिच्छन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥६-१५-६०॥
dāruṇaḥ kṣatradharmo'yamṛṣibhiḥ sampradarśitaḥ। yatra śāntanavaṃ hatvā rājyamicchanti pāṇḍavāḥ ॥6-15-60॥
[दारुणः (dāruṇaḥ) - harsh; क्षत्रधर्मः (kṣatradharmaḥ) - warrior's duty; अयम् (ayam) - this; ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages; सम्प्रदर्शितः (sampradarśitaḥ) - demonstrated; यत्र (yatra) - where; शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Santanu's son; हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - desire; पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pandavas;]
(This harsh warrior's duty has been demonstrated by the sages, where the Pandavas desire the kingdom after having killed Santanu's son.)
The sages have shown this harsh duty of warriors, where the Pandavas seek the kingdom after slaying Santanu's son.
वयं वा राज्यमिच्छामो घातयित्वा पितामहम्। क्षत्रधर्मे स्थिताः पार्था नापराध्यन्ति पुत्रकाः ॥६-१५-६१॥
vayaṁ vā rājyamicchāmo ghātayitvā pitāmaham। kṣatradharme sthitāḥ pārthā nāparādhyanti putrakāḥ ॥6-15-61॥
[वयम् (vayam) - we; वा (vā) - or; राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom; इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - desire; घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having killed; पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - grandfather; क्षत्रधर्मे (kṣatradharme) - in the duty of a warrior; स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - situated; पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - sons of Pṛthā; न (na) - not; अपराध्यन्ति (aparādhyanti) - commit a crime; पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O sons;]
(We or desire the kingdom, having killed the grandfather. Situated in the duty of a warrior, the sons of Pṛthā do not commit a crime, O sons.)
We desire the kingdom even if it means killing the grandfather. The sons of Pṛthā, situated in their warrior duty, do not commit a crime, O sons.
एतदार्येण कर्तव्यं कृच्छ्रास्वापत्सु सञ्जय। पराक्रमः परं शक्त्या तच्च तस्मिन्प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥६-१५-६२॥
etadāryeṇa kartavyaṃ kṛcchrāsvāpatsu sañjaya। parākramaḥ paraṃ śaktyā tacca tasminpratiṣṭhitam ॥6-15-62॥
[एतत् (etat) - this; आर्येण (āryeṇa) - by the noble; कर्तव्यम् (kartavyam) - to be done; कृच्छ्रासु (kṛcchrāsu) - in difficulties; आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya; पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor; परम् (param) - supreme; शक्त्या (śaktyā) - with power; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that; प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - established;]
(This is to be done by the noble in difficulties and calamities, O Sañjaya. Valor is supreme with power, and that is established in that.)
O Sañjaya, it is the duty of the noble to act in times of difficulty and calamity. Valor, when combined with supreme power, is firmly established in such circumstances.
अनीकानि विनिघ्नन्तं ह्रीमन्तमपराजितम्। कथं शान्तनवं तात पाण्डुपुत्रा न्यपातयन् ॥६-१५-६३॥
anīkāni vinighnantaṃ hrīmantamaparājitam। kathaṃ śāntanavaṃ tāta pāṇḍuputrā nyapātayan ॥6-15-63॥
[अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies; विनिघ्नन्तं (vinighnantaṃ) - destroying; ह्रीमन्तम् (hrīmantam) - modest; अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - undefeated; कथं (kathaṃ) - how; शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Śantanu; तात (tāta) - father; पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - sons of Pandu; न्यपातयन् (nyapātayan) - caused to fall;]
(How did the sons of Pandu cause the modest and undefeated son of Śantanu, who was destroying armies, to fall, O father?)
O father, how did the sons of Pandu manage to bring down the modest and undefeated son of Śantanu, who was vanquishing armies?
कथं युक्तान्यनीकानि कथं युद्धं महात्मभिः। कथं वा निहतो भीष्मः पिता सञ्जय मे परैः ॥६-१५-६४॥
kathaṁ yuktānyanīkāni kathaṁ yuddhaṁ mahātmabhiḥ। kathaṁ vā nihato bhīṣmaḥ pitā sañjaya me paraiḥ ॥6-15-64॥
[कथं (katham) - how; युक्तानि (yuktāni) - arranged; अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies; कथं (katham) - how; युद्धं (yuddham) - battle; महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by great souls; कथं (katham) - how; वा (vā) - or; निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed; भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma; पिता (pitā) - father; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya; मे (me) - my; परैः (paraiḥ) - by others;]
(How were the armies arranged, how was the battle fought by the great souls? How was Bhishma, my father, killed by others, O Sanjaya?)
Sanjaya, tell me how the armies were arranged and how the battle was fought by the great warriors. Also, how was my father Bhishma killed by others?
दुर्योधनश्च कर्णश्च शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः। दुःशासनश्च कितवो हते भीष्मे किमब्रुवन् ॥६-१५-६५॥
duryodhanaśca karṇaśca śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ। duḥśāsanaśca kitavo hate bhīṣme kimabruvan ॥6-15-65॥
[दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana; च (ca) - and; कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna; च (ca) - and; शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - the son of Subala; दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duhshasana; च (ca) - and; कितवः (kitavaḥ) - the gambler; हते (hate) - slain; भीष्मे (bhīṣme) - Bhishma; किम् (kim) - what; अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - did they say;]
(Duryodhana, Karna, Shakuni, the son of Subala, and Duhshasana, the gambler, what did they say when Bhishma was slain?)
Duryodhana, Karna, Shakuni, the son of Subala, and Duhshasana, the gambler, wondered what to say upon the fall of Bhishma.
यच्छरीरैरुपस्तीर्णां नरवारणवाजिनाम्। शरशक्तिगदाखड्गतोमराक्षां भयावहाम् ॥६-१५-६६॥
yaccharīrairupastīrṇāṃ naravāraṇavājinām। śaraśaktigadākhaḍgatomarākṣāṃ bhayāvahām ॥6-15-66॥
[यत् (yat) - which; शरीरैः (śarīraiḥ) - with bodies; उपस्तीर्णाम् (upastīrṇām) - covered; नर (nara) - men; वारण (vāraṇa) - elephants; वाजिनाम् (vājinām) - horses; शर (śara) - arrows; शक्ति (śakti) - spears; गदा (gadā) - maces; खड्ग (khaḍga) - swords; तोमर (tomara) - lances; अक्षाम् (akṣām) - eyes; भयावहाम् (bhayāvahām) - frightening;]
(Covered with the bodies of men, elephants, and horses, frightening with arrows, spears, maces, swords, lances, and eyes.)
The battlefield was a terrifying sight, strewn with the bodies of men, elephants, and horses, and filled with the menace of arrows, spears, maces, swords, lances, and glaring eyes.
प्राविशन्कितवा मन्दाः सभां युधि दुरासदाम्। प्राणद्यूते प्रतिभये केऽदीव्यन्त नरर्षभाः ॥६-१५-६७॥
prāviśankitavā mandāḥ sabhāṃ yudhi durāsadām। prāṇadyūte pratibhaye ke'dīvyanta nararṣabhāḥ ॥6-15-67॥
[प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - entering; कितवा (kitavā) - gamblers; मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - slow-witted; सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; दुरासदाम् (durāsadām) - formidable; प्राणद्यूते (prāṇadyūte) - in the gamble of life; प्रतिभये (pratibhaye) - in fear; के (ke) - who; अदीव्यन्त (adīvyanta) - did play; नरर्षभाः (nararṣabhāḥ) - bulls among men;]
(Entering the assembly, the slow-witted gamblers, formidable in battle, played the gamble of life in fear; who were the bulls among men.)
The slow-witted gamblers, formidable in battle, entered the assembly and played the gamble of life in fear; they were the bulls among men.
केऽजयन्के जितास्तत्र हृतलक्षा निपातिताः। अन्ये भीष्माच्छान्तनवात्तन्ममाचक्ष्व सञ्जय ॥६-१५-६८॥
ke'jayanke jitāstatra hṛtalakṣā nipātitāḥ। anye bhīṣmācchāntanavāttanmamācakṣva sañjaya ॥6-15-68॥
[के (ke) - who; अजयन् (ajayan) - conquered; के (ke) - who; जिताः (jitāḥ) - defeated; तत्र (tatra) - there; हृतलक्षा (hṛtalakṣā) - robbed of wealth; निपातिताः (nipātitāḥ) - slain; अन्ये (anye) - others; भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma; शान्तनवात् (śāntanavāt) - from Shantanava; तत् (tat) - that; मम (mama) - to me; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(Who conquered, who were defeated there, robbed of wealth and slain? Tell me that, O Sanjaya, from Bhishma, from Shantanava.)
Who were the victors and who were vanquished there? Who were robbed of their wealth and who were slain? Tell me all this, O Sanjaya, from Bhishma, from Shantanava.
न हि मे शान्तिरस्तीह युधि देवव्रतं हतम्। पितरं भीमकर्माणं श्रुत्वा मे दुःखमाविशत् ॥६-१५-६९॥
na hi me śāntirastīha yudhi devavrataṃ hatam। pitaraṃ bhīmakarmāṇaṃ śrutvā me duḥkhamāviśat ॥6-15-69॥
[न (na) - not; हि (hi) - indeed; मे (me) - my; शान्तिः (śāntiḥ) - peace; अस्ति (asti) - is; इह (iha) - here; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; देवव्रतम् (devavratam) - Devavrata; हतम् (hatam) - slain; पितरम् (pitaram) - father; भीमकर्माणम् (bhīmakarmāṇam) - of terrible deeds; श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard; मे (me) - my; दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow; आविशत् (āviśat) - entered;]
(Indeed, my peace is not here, having heard that Devavrata, my father of terrible deeds, was slain in battle, my sorrow entered.)
I have no peace here, as I have heard that Devavrata, my father known for his terrible deeds, has been slain in battle, and sorrow has overtaken me.
आर्तिं मे हृदये रूढां महतीं पुत्रकारिताम्। त्वं सिञ्चन्सर्पिषेवाग्निमुद्दीपयसि सञ्जय ॥६-१५-७०॥
ārtim me hṛdaye rūḍhāṃ mahatīṃ putrakāritām। tvaṃ siñcansarpiṣevāgnimuddīpayasi sañjaya ॥6-15-70॥
[आर्तिं (ārtim) - distress; मे (me) - my; हृदये (hṛdaye) - in the heart; रूढां (rūḍhāṃ) - grown; महतीं (mahatīṃ) - great; पुत्रकारिताम् (putrakāritām) - caused by the son; त्वं (tvaṃ) - you; सिञ्चन् (siñcan) - sprinkling; सर्पिषा (sarpiṣā) - with ghee; इव (iva) - like; अग्निम् (agnim) - fire; उद्दीपयसि (uddīpayasi) - you kindle; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(You, Sanjaya, kindle the great distress grown in my heart, caused by the son, like sprinkling ghee on fire.)
Sanjaya, you intensify the great distress in my heart caused by my son, just as one would intensify a fire by pouring ghee on it.
महान्तं भारमुद्यम्य विश्रुतं सार्वलौकिकम्। दृष्ट्वा विनिहतं भीष्मं मन्ये शोचन्ति पुत्रकाः ॥६-१५-७१॥
mahāntaṃ bhāramudyamya viśrutaṃ sārvalaukikam। dṛṣṭvā vinihataṃ bhīṣmaṃ manye śocanti putrakāḥ ॥6-15-71॥
[महान्तं (mahāntam) - great; भारम् (bhāram) - burden; उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having lifted; विश्रुतं (viśrutam) - famous; सार्वलौकिकम् (sārvalaukikam) - universal; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; विनिहतं (vinihatam) - slain; भीष्मं (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma; मन्ये (manye) - I think; शोचन्ति (śocanti) - lament; पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - sons;]
(Having lifted a great burden, famous and universal, seeing Bhishma slain, I think the sons lament.)
The sons, having taken on a great and renowned burden known to all, now lament upon seeing Bhishma slain.
श्रोष्यामि तानि दुःखानि दुर्योधनकृतान्यहम्। तस्मान्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व यद्वृत्तं तत्र सञ्जय ॥६-१५-७२॥
śroṣyāmi tāni duḥkhāni duryodhanakṛtānyaham। tasmānme sarvamācakṣva yadvṛttaṃ tatra sañjaya ॥6-15-72॥
[श्रोष्यामि (śroṣyāmi) - I will hear; तानि (tāni) - those; दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows; दुर्योधनकृतानि (duryodhanakṛtāni) - caused by Duryodhana; अहम् (aham) - I; तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore; मे (me) - to me; सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything; आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell; यद् (yad) - what; वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - happened; तत्र (tatra) - there; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(I will hear those sorrows caused by Duryodhana. Therefore, tell me everything that happened there, Sanjaya.)
I am eager to hear about the sorrows caused by Duryodhana. Therefore, Sanjaya, please narrate to me everything that transpired there.
सङ्ग्रामे पृथिवीशानां मन्दस्याबुद्धिसम्भवम्। अपनीतं सुनीतं वा तन्ममाचक्ष्व सञ्जय ॥६-१५-७३॥
saṅgrāme pṛthivīśānāṃ mandasyābuddhisambhavam। apanītaṃ sunītaṃ vā tanmamācakṣva sañjaya ॥6-15-73॥
[सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; पृथिवीशानां (pṛthivīśānāṃ) - of the lords of the earth; मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the slow-witted; अबुद्धिसम्भवम् (abuddhisambhavam) - born of ignorance; अपनीतं (apanītaṃ) - removed; सुनीतं (sunītaṃ) - well-guided; वा (vā) - or; तन्ममाचक्ष्व (tanmamācakṣva) - that tell me; सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya;]
(In battle, of the lords of the earth, born of the slow-witted ignorance, removed or well-guided, that tell me, Sanjaya.)
In the battle, tell me, Sanjaya, whether the actions of the lords of the earth, born out of ignorance of the slow-witted, were removed or well-guided.
यत्कृतं तत्र भीष्मेण सङ्ग्रामे जयमिच्छता। तेजोयुक्तं कृतास्त्रेण शंस तच्चाप्यशेषतः ॥६-१५-७४॥
yat kṛtaṃ tatra bhīṣmeṇa saṅgrāme jayamicchatā। tejoyuktaṃ kṛtāstreṇa śaṃsa taccāpy aśeṣataḥ ॥6-15-74॥
[यत् (yat) - what; कृतं (kṛtaṃ) - done; तत्र (tatra) - there; भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma; सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in battle; जयमिच्छता (jayamicchatā) - desiring victory; तेजोयुक्तं (tejoyuktaṃ) - full of energy; कृतास्त्रेण (kṛtāstreṇa) - with weapons; शंस (śaṃsa) - tell; तत् (tat) - that; च (ca) - and; अपि (api) - also; अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely;]
(What was done there by Bhishma in battle, desiring victory, full of energy, with weapons, tell that also completely.)
Tell me completely what Bhishma did there in the battle, desiring victory, full of energy and with weapons.
यथा तदभवद्युद्धं कुरुपाण्डवसेनयोः। क्रमेण येन यस्मिंश्च काले यच्च यथा च तत् ॥६-१५-७५॥
yathā tadabhavadyuddhaṃ kurupāṇḍavasenayoḥ। krameṇa yena yasmiṃśca kāle yacca yathā ca tat ॥6-15-75॥
[यथा (yathā) - as; तत् (tat) - that; अभवत् (abhavat) - happened; युद्धं (yuddhaṃ) - battle; कुरु (kuru) - Kuru; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Pandava; सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the armies; क्रमेण (krameṇa) - in order; येन (yena) - by which; यस्मिन् (yasmin) - in which; च (ca) - and; काले (kāle) - time; यत् (yat) - what; च (ca) - and; यथा (yathā) - as; च (ca) - and; तत् (tat) - that;]
(As that battle happened between the armies of the Kurus and the Pandavas, in order, by which, in which time, what, and as that.)
The battle between the Kuru and Pandava armies happened in a sequence, detailing the time and manner in which it occurred.
