08.000
Karna Parva - Kumbhaghonam edition
८.००१ शिबिराद्धास्तिनपुरमुपगतवता सञ्जयेन धृतराष्ट्रंप्रति कर्णादिनिधनकथनम्॥ तच्छ्रवणेन मूर्च्छामुपगतवतो धृतराष्ट्रस्य सञ्जयादिभिराश्वासनम्॥
8.001 śibirāddhāstinapuramupagatavatā sañjayena dhṛtarāṣṭraṃprati karṇādinidhanakathanam॥ tacchravaṇena mūrcchāmupagatavato dhṛtarāṣṭrasya sañjayādibhirāśvāsanam॥
[शिबिरात् (śibirāt) - from the camp; हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - to Hastinapura; उपगतवता (upagatavatā) - having arrived; सञ्जयेन (sañjayena) - by Sanjaya; धृतराष्ट्रं (dhṛtarāṣṭraṃ) - to Dhritarashtra; प्रति (prati) - towards; कर्णादि (karṇādi) - Karna and others; निधन (nidhana) - death; कथनम् (kathanam) - narration; तत् (tat) - that; श्रवणेन (śravaṇena) - by hearing; मूर्च्छाम् (mūrcchām) - fainting; उपगतवतः (upagatavataḥ) - having attained; धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra; सञ्जयादिभिः (sañjayādibhiḥ) - by Sanjaya and others; आश्वासनम् (āśvāsanam) - consolation;]
(Sanjaya, having arrived at Hastinapura from the camp, narrated the death of Karna and others to Dhritarashtra. By hearing that, Dhritarashtra fainted and was consoled by Sanjaya and others.)
8.001 Sanjaya returned to Hastinapura from the camp and informed Dhritarashtra about the death of Karna and others. Upon hearing this, Dhritarashtra fainted and was comforted by Sanjaya and others.
८.००२ धृतराष्ट्रेण निजसेनायां निहतानां नामनिवेदनं चोदितेन सञ्जयेन तत्कथनम्॥
8.002 dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa nijasenāyāṃ nihatānāṃ nāmanivedanaṃ coditena sañjayena tatkathanam॥
[धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhritarashtra; निजसेनायां (nijasenāyāṃ) - in his own army; निहतानां (nihatānāṃ) - of the slain; नामनिवेदनं (nāmanivedanaṃ) - name reporting; चोदितेन (coditena) - prompted; सञ्जयेन (sañjayena) - by Sanjaya; तत्कथनम् (tatkathanam) - that narration;]
(8.002 By Dhritarashtra, in his own army, of the slain, name reporting, prompted by Sanjaya, that narration.)
8.002 Dhritarashtra, prompted by Sanjaya, requested the narration of the names of those slain in his own army.
८.००३ सञ्जयेन धृतराष्ट्रम्पति युद्धे निहतानां परेषां नामकथनम्॥
8.003 sañjayena dhṛtarāṣṭram pati yuddhe nihatānāṃ pareṣāṃ nāmakathanam॥
[सञ्जयेन (sañjayena) - by Sanjaya; धृतराष्ट्रम्पति (dhṛtarāṣṭram pati) - King Dhritarashtra; युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle; निहतानां (nihatānāṃ) - of those slain; परेषां (pareṣāṃ) - of the enemies; नामकथनम् (nāmakathanam) - naming;]
(By Sanjaya, King Dhritarashtra in battle of those slain of the enemies naming.)
8.003 Sanjaya narrates to King Dhritarashtra the names of the enemies slain in battle.
८.००४ सञ्जयेन धृतराष्ट्रम्प्रति हतावशिष्टानां नामकथनम्॥
8.004 sañjayena dhṛtarāṣṭramprati hatāvaśiṣṭānāṃ nāmakathanam॥
[सञ्जयेन (sañjayena) - by Sanjaya; धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - to Dhritarashtra; प्रति (prati) - towards; हत (hata) - slain; अवशिष्टानां (avaśiṣṭānāṃ) - remaining; नाम (nāma) - names; कथनम् (kathanam) - narration;]
(8.004 By Sanjaya, towards Dhritarashtra, the narration of the names of the remaining slain.)
8.004 Sanjaya narrates to Dhritarashtra the names of those who remain among the slain.
८.००५ धृतराष्ट्रेण कर्णगुणानुवर्णनपूर्वकं शोचनम्॥
8.005 dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa karṇaguṇānuvarṇanapūrvakaṃ śocanam॥
[धृतराष्ट्रेण (dhṛtarāṣṭreṇa) - by Dhritarashtra; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; गुण (guṇa) - qualities; अनुवर्णन (anuvarṇana) - praising; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceded by; शोचनम् (śocanam) - lamentation;]
(By Dhritarashtra, lamentation preceded by praising Karna's qualities.)
8.005 Dhritarashtra laments, preceded by praising Karna's qualities.
८.००६ कर्णवधश्रवणानन्तरीयकधृतराष्ट्रप्रवृत्तिं पृष्टेन वैशम्पायनेन कर्णदुर्योधनस्तुतिनिन्दापूर्वकं सञ्जयम्प्रति कर्णार्जुनयुद्धकथनचोदनारूपधृतराष्ट्रप्रवृत्तिकथनम्॥
8.006 karṇavadhaśravaṇānantarīyakadhṛtarāṣṭrapravṛttiṃ pṛṣṭena vaiśampāyanena karṇaduryodhanastutinindāpūrvakaṃ sañjayamprati karṇārjunayuddhakathanacodanarūpadhṛtarāṣṭrapravṛttikathanam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; वध (vadha) - killing; श्रवण (śravaṇa) - hearing; अनन्तरीयक (anantarīyaka) - immediate; धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; प्रवृत्तिं (pravṛttiṃ) - news; पृष्टेन (pṛṣṭena) - asked; वैशम्पायनेन (vaiśampāyanena) - by Vaishampayana; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; स्तुति (stuti) - praise; निन्दा (nindā) - criticism; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceded by; सञ्जयम् (sañjayam) - to Sanjaya; प्रति (prati) - towards; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; कथन (kathana) - narration; चोदन (codana) - incitement; रूप (rūpa) - form; धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra) - Dhritarashtra; प्रवृत्ति (pravṛtti) - news; कथनम् (kathanam) - narration;]
(The narration of Dhritarashtra's news in the form of incitement to the Karna-Arjuna battle towards Sanjaya, preceded by praise and criticism of Karna and Duryodhana, asked by Vaishampayana, immediately after hearing the news of Karna's killing.)
8.006 Vaishampayana, after hearing about Karna's death, asked about the news of Dhritarashtra, which included the narration to Sanjaya about the Karna-Arjuna battle, framed as an incitement, and was preceded by both praise and criticism of Karna and Duryodhana.
८.००७ अश्वत्थामवचनाद्दुर्योधनेन सैनापत्येऽभिषिक्तेन कर्णेन रणाय सेनानियोजनम्॥
8.007 aśvatthāmavacanādduryodhanena saināpatye'bhiṣiktena karṇena raṇāya senāniyojanam॥
[अश्वत्थाम (aśvatthāma) - Ashwatthama; वचनात् (vacanāt) - by the words; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; सैनापत्ये (saināpatye) - in the generalship; अभिषिक्तेन (abhiṣiktena) - consecrated; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; सेनानियोजनम् (senāniyojanam) - arrangement of the army;]
(By the words of Ashwatthama, Duryodhana, consecrated in the generalship by Karna, arranged the army for battle.)
8.007 Following Ashwatthama's advice, Duryodhana, having been appointed as the general by Karna, organized the army for the battle.
८.००८ कर्णार्जुनाक्ष्यां व्यूहरचनापूर्वकं रणाय निर्याणम्॥
8.008 karṇārjunākṣyāṃ vyūharacanāpūrvakaṃ raṇāya niryāṇam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; आक्ष्यां (ākṣyāṃ) - in the presence of; व्यूह (vyūha) - formation; रचना (racanā) - arrangement; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceded by; रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; निर्याणम् (niryāṇam) - departure;]
(In the presence of Karna and Arjuna, preceded by the arrangement of formation, departure for battle.)
8.008 The departure for battle took place in the presence of Karna and Arjuna, following the arrangement of the battle formation.
८.००९ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥ भीमेन क्षेमधूर्तिवधः॥
8.009 saṅkulayuddham॥ bhīmena kṣemadhūrtivadhaḥ॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; क्षेम (kṣema) - Kshema; धूर्ति (dhūrti) - Dhurti; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing;]
(8.009 Crowded battle. By Bhima, Kshema and Dhurti's killing.)
8.009 In the crowded battle, Bhima killed Kshema and Dhurti.
८.०१० द्वन्द्वयुद्धम्॥ सात्यकिना विन्दानुविन्दवधः॥
8.010 dvandvayuddham॥ sātyakinā vindānuvindavadhaḥ॥
[द्वन्द्व (dvandva) - duel; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; सात्यकिना (sātyakinā) - by Satyaki; विन्द (vinda) - Vinda; अनुविन्द (anuvinda) - Anuvinda; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing;]
(8.010 Duel battle. By Satyaki, Vinda and Anuvinda's killing.)
8.010 The duel battle where Satyaki killed Vinda and Anuvinda.
८.०११ प्रतिविन्ध्यश्रुतकर्मक्ष्यां चित्रचित्रसेनयोः संहारः॥
8.011 prativindhyaśrutakarmakṣyāṃ citracitrasenayoḥ saṃhāraḥ॥
[प्रतिविन्ध्य (prativindhya) - Prativindhya; श्रुतकर्म (śrutakarma) - Śrutakarma; क्ष्यां (kṣyāṃ) - in the field; चित्र (citra) - Citra; चित्रसेनयोः (citrasenayoḥ) - and Citrasena; संहारः (saṃhāraḥ) - destruction;]
(In the field of Prativindhya and Śrutakarma, the destruction of Citra and Citrasena.)
8.011 The destruction of Citra and Citrasena occurred in the field of Prativindhya and Śrutakarma.
८.०१२ भीमाश्वत्थाम्नोर्युद्धम्॥
8.012 bhīmāśvatthāmnoryuddham॥
[भीम (bhīma) - Bhima; अश्वत्थाम्नोः (aśvatthāmnoḥ) - of Ashwatthama; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.012 Bhima and Ashwatthama's battle.)
8.012 The battle between Bhima and Ashwatthama.
८.०१३ शल्येन श्रुतकीर्तिपराजयः॥
8.013 śalyena śrutakīrtiparājayaḥ॥
[शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya; श्रुतकीर्तिपराजयः (śrutakīrtiparājayaḥ) - defeat of Śrutakīrti;]
(By Śalya, the defeat of Śrutakīrti.)
8.013 In this verse, Śalya defeats Śrutakīrti.
८.०१४ सहदेवेन दुःशासनपराजयः॥
8.014 sahadevena duḥśāsanaparājayaḥ॥
[सहदेवेन (sahadevena) - by Sahadeva; दुःशासन (duḥśāsana) - Duḥśāsana; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(8.014 By Sahadeva, Duḥśāsana's defeat.)
8.014 Sahadeva defeated Duḥśāsana.
८.०१५ कर्णनकुलयोर्युद्धम्॥ कर्णेन नकुलस्य पराभावनपूर्वकं सोपहासमधिक्षेपः॥
8.015 karṇanakulayoryuddham॥ karṇena nakulasya parābhāvanapūrvakaṃ sopahāsamadhikṣepaḥ॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; नकुल (nakula) - Nakul; योः (yoḥ) - of the two; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; नकुलस्य (nakulasya) - of Nakul; पराभावन (parābhāvana) - humiliation; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceded by; सोपहास (sopahāsa) - with mockery; अधिक्षेपः (adhikṣepaḥ) - insult;]
(8.015 The battle between Karna and Nakul. Karna's insult towards Nakul, preceded by humiliation and mockery.)
8.015 The battle between Karna and Nakul took place. Karna insulted Nakul, humiliating him with mockery.
८.०१६ युयुत्सूलूकयोर्युद्धम्॥ शकुनिसुतसोमयोर्युद्धम्॥
8.016 yuyutsūlūkayoryuddham॥ śakunisutasomayoryuddham॥
[युयुत्सु (yuyutsu) - Yuyutsu; उलूकयोः (ulūkayoḥ) - of Uluka; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; शकुनि (śakuni) - Shakuni; सुत (suta) - son; सोमयोः (somayoḥ) - of Soma; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(The battle of Yuyutsu and Uluka. The battle of Shakuni's son and Soma.)
8.016 The battle between Yuyutsu and Uluka, and between Shakuni's son and Soma.
८.०१७ कृपकृतवर्मक्ष्यां धृष्टद्युम्नशिखण्डिनोः पराजयः॥
8.017 kṛpakṛtavarmakṣyāṃ dhṛṣṭadyumnaśikhaṇḍinoḥ parājayaḥ॥
[कृप (kṛpa) - Kripa; कृतवर्म (kṛtavarma) - Kritavarma; क्ष्यां (kṣyāṃ) - in the battle; धृष्टद्युम्न (dhṛṣṭadyumna) - Dhrishtadyumna; शिखण्डिनोः (śikhaṇḍinoḥ) - and Shikhandi; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(8.017 The defeat of Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandi in the battle by Kripa and Kritavarma.)
8.017 Kripa and Kritavarma defeated Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandi in the battle.
८.०१८ अर्जुनेन संशप्तकपराजयः॥
8.018 arjunena saṃśaptakaparājayaḥ॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; संशप्तक (saṃśaptaka) - the Samsaptakas; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(8.018 By Arjuna, the Samsaptakas were defeated.)
8.018 Arjuna defeated the Samsaptakas.
८.०१९ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.019 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.019 Crowded battle.)
8.019 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०२० युधिष्ठिरेण दुर्योधनपराजयः॥
8.020 yudhiṣṭhireṇa duryodhanaparājayaḥ॥
[युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhishthira; दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(By Yudhishthira, Duryodhana's defeat.)
8.020 Duryodhana was defeated by Yudhishthira.
८.०२१ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥ षोडशदिवसयुद्धोपसंहारः॥
8.021 saṅkulayuddham॥ ṣoḍaśadivasayuddhopasaṁhāraḥ॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen; दिवस (divasa) - day; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; उपसंहारः (upasaṁhāraḥ) - conclusion;]
(8.021 Crowded battle. Conclusion of the sixteen-day battle.)
8.021 The chaotic battle. The conclusion of the sixteen-day war.
८.०२२ कृष्णतुल्यसारथेरभावात्स्वस्यार्जुनान्न्यूनतां मन्यमानेन कर्णेन दुर्योधनं प्रति शल्यस्य सारथ्ये नियोजनचोदना॥
8.022 kṛṣṇatulyasārathe'rbhāvātsvasyārjunānnyūnatāṃ manyamānena karṇena duryodhanaṃ prati śalyasya sārathye niyojanacodanā॥
[कृष्णतुल्यसारथेः (kṛṣṇatulyasāratheḥ) - of one whose charioteer is equal to Krishna; अभावात् (abhāvāt) - due to the absence; स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own; अर्जुनात् (arjunāt) - than Arjuna; न्यूनतां (nyūnatāṃ) - inferiority; मन्यमानेन (manyamānena) - considering; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; दुर्योधनं (duryodhanaṃ) - to Duryodhana; प्रति (prati) - towards; शल्यस्य (śalyasya) - of Shalya; सारथ्ये (sārathye) - in the charioteership; नियोजनचोदना (niyojanacodanā) - urging for appointment;]
(Karna, considering his own inferiority to Arjuna due to the absence of a charioteer equal to Krishna, urged Duryodhana to appoint Shalya as his charioteer.)
8.022 Karna, feeling inferior to Arjuna because he lacked a charioteer like Krishna, persuaded Duryodhana to appoint Shalya as his charioteer.
८.०२३ दुर्योधनप्रार्थनया शल्येन कृच्छ्रात्कर्णरथसारथ्यकरणाक्ष्युपगमः॥
8.023 duryodhanaprārthanayā śalyena kṛcchrātkarṇarathasārathyakaraṇākṣyupagamaḥ॥
[दुर्योधनप्रार्थनया (duryodhanaprārthanayā) - by Duryodhana's request; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya; कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty; कर्णरथसारथ्य (karṇarathasārathya) - charioteering of Karṇa's chariot; करण (karaṇa) - act; अक्ष्युपगमः (akṣyupagamaḥ) - approach;]
(By Duryodhana's request, Śalya, with difficulty, approached the act of charioteering Karṇa's chariot.)
8.023 Due to Duryodhana's request, Śalya reluctantly agreed to become the charioteer of Karṇa's chariot, despite the challenges.
८.०२४ दुर्योधनेन शल्यम्प्रति त्रिपुरासुरकथाकथनारम्भः॥ त्रिपुरासुरोपद्रुतैर्देवैः स्तुल्या रुद्रप्रसादनम्॥
8.024 duryodhanena śalyamprati tripurāsurakathākathanārambhaḥ॥ tripurāsuropadrutairdevaiḥ stulyā rudraprasādanam॥
[दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; शल्यम् (śalyam) - to Shalya; प्रति (prati) - towards; त्रिपुरासुर (tripurāsura) - Tripurasura; कथा (kathā) - story; कथन (kathana) - narration; आरम्भः (ārambhaḥ) - beginning; त्रिपुरासुर (tripurāsura) - Tripurasura; उपद्रुतैः (upadrutaiḥ) - afflicted; दैवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; स्तुल्या (stulyā) - similar; रुद्र (rudra) - Rudra; प्रसादनम् (prasādanam) - appeasement;]
(8.024 By Duryodhana towards Shalya, the beginning of the narration of the story of Tripurasura. By the gods afflicted by Tripurasura, similar to the appeasement of Rudra.)
8.024 Duryodhana began narrating the story of Tripurasura to Shalya. The gods, afflicted by Tripurasura, sought appeasement similar to that of Rudra.
८.०२५ देवै रुद्रवचनात्तस्य स्वस्वार्धबलदानपूर्वकं त्रिपुरसंहारायाभिषेचनम्॥
8.025 devai rudravacanāttasya svasvārdhabaladānapūrvakaṃ tripurasaṃhārāyābhiṣecanam॥
[देवै (devai) - by the gods; रुद्रवचनात् (rudravacanāt) - from Rudra's words; तस्य (tasya) - his; स्वस्वार्धबलदानपूर्वकं (svasvārdhabaladānapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by the gift of half of their strength; त्रिपुरसंहाराय (tripurasaṃhārāya) - for the destruction of Tripura; अभिषेचनम् (abhiṣecanam) - anointing;]
(8.025 By the gods, from Rudra's words, his anointing for the destruction of Tripura, preceded by the gift of half of their strength.)
8.025 Following Rudra's command, the gods anointed him for the destruction of Tripura, after giving half of their strength.
८.०२६ देबानामाज्ञया विश्वकर्मणा भूम्यादिसाधनै रुद्राय रथनिर्माणम्॥
8.026 debānāmājñayā viśvakarmaṇā bhūmyādisādhanai rudrāya rathanirmāṇam॥
[देबानाम् (debānām) - of the gods; आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by the command; विश्वकर्मणा (viśvakarmaṇā) - by Viśvakarman; भूम्यादिसाधनै (bhūmyādisādhanai) - with materials like earth, etc.; रुद्राय (rudrāya) - for Rudra; रथनिर्माणम् (rathanirmāṇam) - the construction of a chariot;]
(By the command of the gods, the construction of a chariot for Rudra was done by Viśvakarman with materials like earth, etc.)
8.026 According to the command of the gods, Viśvakarman constructed a chariot for Rudra using materials such as earth and others.
८.०२७ देवानां प्रार्थनया ब्रह्मणा रुद्ररथसारथ्यकरणम्॥ रुद्रेण त्रिपुरदहनम्॥ दुर्योधनेन दृष्टान्तप्रदर्शनपूर्वकं शल्यम्प्रति कर्णरथसारथ्यकरणप्रार्थना॥
8.027 devānāṃ prārthanayā brahmaṇā rudrarathasārathyakaraṇam॥ rudreṇa tripuradahanam॥ duryodhanena dṛṣṭāntapradarśanapūrvakaṃ śalyamprati karṇarathasārathyakaraṇaprārthanā॥
[देवानां (devānāṃ) - of the gods; प्रार्थनया (prārthanayā) - by the request; ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahma; रुद्ररथसारथ्यकरणम् (rudrarathasārathyakaraṇam) - the act of making Rudra the charioteer; रुद्रेण (rudreṇa) - by Rudra; त्रिपुरदहनम् (tripuradahanam) - burning of Tripura; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; दृष्टान्तप्रदर्शनपूर्वकं (dṛṣṭāntapradarśanapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by the demonstration of examples; शल्यम्प्रति (śalyamprati) - towards Shalya; कर्णरथसारथ्यकरणप्रार्थना (karṇarathasārathyakaraṇaprārthanā) - request to make Karna the charioteer;]
(By the request of the gods, Brahma made Rudra the charioteer. Rudra burned Tripura. Duryodhana, preceded by the demonstration of examples, requested Shalya to become Karna's charioteer.)
8.027 At the request of the gods, Brahma appointed Rudra as the charioteer. Rudra then destroyed the city of Tripura. Following this, Duryodhana, after demonstrating examples, asked Shalya to take on the role of Karna's charioteer.
८.०२८ दुर्योधनेन कर्णसारथ्ये शङ्कमानं शल्यम्प्रति परशुरामचरित्रकीर्तनपूर्वकं कर्णस्य तदन्तेवासित्वादिगुणवत्तया तत्सारथ्य करणे दोषाभावप्रतिपादनम्॥
8.028 duryodhanena karṇasārathye śaṅkamānaṃ śalyamprati paraśurāmacaritrakīrtanapūrvakaṃ karṇasya tadantevāsitvādiguṇavattayā tatsārathya karaṇe doṣābhāvapratipādanam॥
[दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; कर्णसारथ्ये (karṇasārathye) - in Karna's charioteership; शङ्कमानं (śaṅkamānaṃ) - doubting; शल्यम्प्रति (śalyamprati) - towards Shalya; परशुरामचरित्रकीर्तनपूर्वकं (paraśurāmacaritrakīrtanapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by the praise of Parashurama's deeds; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; तदन्तेवासित्वादिगुणवत्तया (tadantevāsitvādigunavattayā) - due to the qualities of being his disciple, etc.; तत्सारथ्य (tatsārathya) - that charioteership; करणे (karaṇe) - in the act; दोषाभावप्रतिपादनम् (doṣābhāvapratipādanam) - establishing the absence of fault;]
(Duryodhana, doubting Shalya in Karna's charioteership, establishes the absence of fault in that charioteership due to the qualities of being Parashurama's disciple, etc., preceded by the praise of Parashurama's deeds.)
8.028 Duryodhana, suspecting Shalya's capability as Karna's charioteer, reassures by highlighting the absence of any fault in Shalya's role, emphasizing his qualities as a disciple of Parashurama, and prefacing it with the praise of Parashurama's deeds.
८.०२९ दुर्योधनप्रार्थितेन शल्येन समयकरणपूर्वकं कर्णरथसारथ्यस्वीकरणम्॥
8.029 duryodhanaprārthitena śalyena samayakaraṇapūrvakaṃ karṇarathasārathyasvīkaraṇam॥
[दुर्योधनप्रार्थितेन (duryodhanaprārthitena) - by Duryodhana's request; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya; समयकरणपूर्वकं (samayakaraṇapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by an agreement; कर्णरथसारथ्यस्वीकरणम् (karṇarathasārathyasvīkaraṇam) - acceptance of the charioteering of Karṇa's chariot;]
(By Duryodhana's request, Śalya, preceded by an agreement, accepted the charioteering of Karṇa's chariot.)
8.029 Upon Duryodhana's request, Śalya agreed to become the charioteer of Karṇa's chariot, following a prior agreement.
८.०३० शल्येन सारथीभूयाधिष्ठितं रथमधिष्ठाय कर्णस्य रणाय निर्याणम्॥
8.030 śalyena sārathībhūyādhiṣṭhitaṃ rathamadhiṣṭhāya karṇasya raṇāya niryāṇam॥
[शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; सारथीभूय (sārathībhūya) - becoming the charioteer; अधिष्ठितं (adhiṣṭhitaṃ) - situated; रथम् (ratham) - chariot; अधिष्ठाय (adhiṣṭhāya) - having mounted; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; निर्याणम् (niryāṇam) - departure;]
(By Shalya becoming the charioteer, having mounted the chariot situated for Karna's battle departure.)
8.030 Shalya, having become the charioteer, mounted the chariot for Karna's departure to battle.
८.०३१ कर्णस्य रणप्रयाणकाले दुर्निमित्तप्रादुर्भावः॥ कर्णेनात्मश्लाघनपूर्वकं पार्थवधे प्रतिज्ञाते तदसहमानेन शल्येनार्जुनप्रशंसनपूर्वकं कर्णोपालम्भः॥
8.031 karṇasya raṇaprayāṇakāle durnimittaprādurbhāvaḥ॥ karṇenātmaślāghanapūrvakaṃ pārthavadhe pratijñāte tadasahamānena śalyenārjunapraśaṃsanapūrvakaṃ karṇopālambhaḥ॥
[कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; रणप्रयाणकाले (raṇaprayāṇakāle) - at the time of going to battle; दुर्निमित्तप्रादुर्भावः (durnimittaprādurbhāvaḥ) - appearance of bad omens; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; आत्मश्लाघनपूर्वकं (ātmaślāghanapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by self-praise; पार्थवधे (pārthavadhe) - in the killing of Partha; प्रतिज्ञाते (pratijñāte) - having vowed; तदसहमानेन (tadasahamānena) - unable to tolerate that; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; अर्जुनप्रशंसनपूर्वकं (arjunapraśaṃsanapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by praise of Arjuna; कर्णोपालम्भः (karṇopālambhaḥ) - reproach of Karna;]
(At the time of Karna's departure for battle, bad omens appeared. When Karna vowed to kill Partha, preceded by self-praise, Shalya, unable to tolerate that, reproached Karna, preceded by praise of Arjuna.)
8.031 As Karna set out for battle, ominous signs emerged. Karna, boasting of himself, vowed to kill Arjuna. Shalya, unable to bear this, praised Arjuna and reproached Karna.
८.०३२ कर्णेन स्वस्यार्जुनप्रदर्शकाय तदभिमतपारितोषिकप्रदानप्रतिज्ञानम्॥
8.032 karṇena svasyārjunapradarśakāya tadabhimatapāritoṣikapradānapratijñānam॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; स्वस्य (svasya) - his own; अर्जुनप्रदर्शकाय (arjunapradarśakāya) - to the revealer of Arjuna; तदभिमत (tadabhimata) - that desired; पारितोषिक (pāritoṣika) - reward; प्रदान (pradāna) - giving; प्रतिज्ञानम् (pratijñānam) - promise;]
(By Karna, a promise of giving the desired reward to the revealer of Arjuna.)
8.032 Karna promised to give a reward to the one who reveals Arjuna.
८.०३३ कर्णगर्वोक्तिमसहमानेन शल्येन तद्ग्रर्हणम्॥
8.033 karṇagarvoktimasahamānena śalyena tadgrarhaṇam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; गर्व (garva) - pride; उक्तिम् (uktim) - speech; असहमानेन (asahamānena) - unable to bear; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; तत् (tad) - that; गर्हणम् (garhaṇam) - censure;]
(The censure of Karna's prideful speech by Shalya, unable to bear it.)
8.033 Shalya, unable to tolerate Karna's boastful words, censured him.
८.०३४ कर्णेन मर्मोद्धाटनपूर्वकं शल्यगर्हणम्॥
8.034 karṇena marmoddhāṭanapūrvakaṃ śalyagarhaṇam॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; मर्मोद्धाटनपूर्वकं (marmoddhāṭanapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by the piercing of vital parts; शल्यगर्हणम् (śalyagarhaṇam) - condemnation of Shalya;]
(By Karna, preceded by the piercing of vital parts, condemnation of Shalya.)
8.034 Karna, after piercing the vital parts, condemned Shalya.
८.०३५ शल्येन कर्णंप्रति हंसकाकीयाख्यानकथनम्॥
8.035 śalyena karṇaṃprati haṃsakākīyākhyānakathanam॥
[शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya; कर्णं (karṇam) - to Karṇa; प्रति (prati) - towards; हंसकाकीय (haṃsakākīya) - of the swan and crow; आख्यान (ākhyāna) - story; कथनम् (kathanam) - narration;]
(8.035 By Śalya, towards Karṇa, the narration of the story of the swan and crow.)
8.035 Śalya narrated the story of the swan and crow to Karṇa.
८.०३६ कर्णेन शल्यम्प्रति स्वस्य परशुरामात् तथा कुतश्चिद्ब्राह्मणाच्च शापप्राप्तिकथनम्॥
8.036 karṇena śalyamprati svasya paraśurāmāt tathā kutaścidbrāhmaṇācca śāpaprāptikathanam॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; शल्यम् (śalyam) - to Shalya; प्रति (prati) - towards; स्वस्य (svasya) - of his own; परशुरामात् (paraśurāmāt) - from Parashurama; तथा (tathā) - and; कुतश्चित् (kutaścit) - from somewhere; ब्राह्मणात् (brāhmaṇāt) - from a Brahmin; च (ca) - and; शापप्राप्तिकथनम् (śāpaprāptikathanam) - curse-receiving story;]
(The curse-receiving story by Karna to Shalya, of his own from Parashurama and from somewhere a Brahmin.)
8.036 Karna narrated to Shalya the story of how he received curses from Parashurama and a Brahmin.
८.०३७ कर्णेन सोपहासं शल्यगर्हणम्॥
8.037 karṇena sopahāsaṃ śalyagarhaṇam॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; सोपहासं (sopahāsaṃ) - with mockery; शल्यगर्हणम् (śalyagarhaṇam) - Shalya's reproach;]
(By Karna with mockery, Shalya's reproach.)
8.037 Karna mockingly reproached Shalya.
८.०३८ शल्यकर्णयोर्वाक्कलहः॥ दुर्योधनेन तयोः सान्त्वनम्॥
8.038 śalyakarṇayorvākkalahaḥ॥ duryodhanena tayoḥ sāntvanam॥
[शल्य (śalya) - Śalya; कर्णयोः (karṇayoḥ) - of Karna; वाक् (vāk) - verbal; कलहः (kalahaḥ) - quarrel; दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of them; सान्त्वनम् (sāntvanam) - consolation;]
(8.038 A verbal quarrel between Śalya and Karna. Consolation of them by Duryodhana.)
8.038 A verbal dispute arose between Śalya and Karna, which was then pacified by Duryodhana.
८.०३९ शल्यकर्णयोः संवादः॥ सेनाद्वयस्य परस्परमेलनम्॥
8.039 śalyakarṇayoḥ saṁvādaḥ॥ senādvayasya parasparamelanam॥
[शल्य (śalya) - Śalya; कर्णयोः (karṇayoḥ) - of Karna; संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue; सेन (sena) - army; द्वयस्य (dvayasya) - of the two; परस्पर (paraspara) - mutual; मेलनम् (melanam) - meeting;]
(8.039 Dialogue of Śalya and Karna. Meeting of the two armies.)
8.039 "Dialogue between Śalya and Karna." The two armies meet each other.
८.०४० दुर्योधनेन सेनाप्रोत्साहनम्॥ भीमेन दुर्योधनपराजयपूर्वकं गजानीकवधः॥
8.040 duryodhanena senāprotsāhanam॥ bhīmena duryodhanaparājayapūrvakaṃ gajānīkavadhaḥ॥
[दुर्योधनेन (duryodhanena) - by Duryodhana; सेनाप्रोत्साहनम् (senāprotsāhanam) - encouragement of the army; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; दुर्योधनपराजयपूर्वकं (duryodhanaparājayapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by Duryodhana's defeat; गजानीकवधः (gajānīkavadhaḥ) - slaughter of the elephant army;]
(8.040 By Duryodhana, encouragement of the army. By Bhima, preceded by Duryodhana's defeat, slaughter of the elephant army.)
8.040 Duryodhana encouraged his army. Bhima, after defeating Duryodhana, slaughtered the elephant army.
८.०४१ सेनाद्वये व्यूहरचनावर्णनम्॥
8.041 senādvaye vyūharacanāvarṇanam॥
[सेनाद्वये (senādvaye) - in the two armies; व्यूहरचना (vyūharacanā) - formation arrangement; वर्णनम् (varṇanam) - description;]
(8.041 In the two armies, formation arrangement description.)
8.041 Description of the formation arrangement in the two armies.
८.०४२ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.042 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.042 Crowded battle.)
8.042 "The battle was chaotic and crowded."
८.०४३ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.043 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.043 Crowded battle.)
8.043 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०४४ कर्णेन युधिष्ठिरस्य पराजयपूर्वकमपहासः॥ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.044 karṇena yudhiṣṭhirasya parājayapūrvakamapahāsaḥ॥ saṅkulayuddham॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; पराजय (parājaya) - defeat; पूर्वकम् (pūrvakam) - preceded by; अपहासः (apahāsaḥ) - mockery; सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - confused; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.044 By Karna, Yudhishthira's defeat was preceded by mockery. A confused battle.)
8.044 Karna mocked Yudhishthira before his defeat, leading to a chaotic battle.
८.०४५ कर्णं पराजित्य जिघांसोर्भीमस्य शल्येन हेतुकयहपूर्वकं निषेधनम्॥
8.045 karṇaṃ parājitya jighāṃsorbhīmasya śalyena hetukayahapūrvakaṃ niṣedhanam॥
[कर्णं (karṇam) - Karna; पराजित्य (parājitya) - having defeated; जिघांसोः (jighāṃsoḥ) - of the one desiring to kill; भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; हेतु (hetu) - reason; कयहपूर्वकं (kayahapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by a cause; निषेधनम् (niṣedhanam) - prohibition;]
(Having defeated Karna, the prohibition of Bhima's desire to kill by Shalya, preceded by a cause.)
8.045 After defeating Karna, Shalya, with a reasoned approach, prohibited Bhima's intent to kill.
८.०४६ भीमकर्णयोर्युद्धम्॥ भीमेन दुर्योधनानुजानां कतिपयानां हननम्॥ सङ्कुलयुद्धं च॥
8.046 bhīmakarṇayoryuddham॥ bhīmena duryodhanānujānāṃ katipayānāṃ hananam॥ saṅkulayuddhaṃ ca॥
[भीमकर्णयोः (bhīmakarṇayoḥ) - of Bhima and Karna; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; दुर्योधन-अनुजानां (duryodhana-anujānāṃ) - of Duryodhana's younger brothers; कतिपयानां (katipayānāṃ) - of a few; हननम् (hananam) - killing; सङ्कुलयुद्धं (saṅkulayuddhaṃ) - confused battle; च (ca) - and;]
(The battle of Bhima and Karna. The killing of a few of Duryodhana's younger brothers by Bhima. And the confused battle.)
8.046 The battle between Bhima and Karna took place. Bhima killed a few of Duryodhana's younger brothers. There was also a confused battle.
८.०४७ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.047 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.047 Crowded battle.)
8.047 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०४८ अर्जुनस्य संशप्तकैर्युद्धम्॥
8.048 arjunasya saṁśaptakairyuddham॥
[अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; संशप्तकैः (saṁśaptakaiḥ) - by the Trigartas; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.048 Battle of Arjuna with the Trigartas.)
8.048 "The battle between Arjuna and the Trigartas."
८.०४९ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.049 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.049 Crowded battle.)
8.049 A chaotic battle ensued.
८.०५० सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥ अश्वत्थाम्ना युधिष्ठिरपराजयः॥
8.050 saṅkulayuddham॥ aśvatthāmnā yudhiṣṭhiraparājayaḥ॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Ashwatthama; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(8.050 Crowded battle. By Ashwatthama, Yudhishthira's defeat.)
8.050 In the crowded battle, Yudhishthira was defeated by Ashwatthama.
८.०५१ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.051 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.051 Crowded battle.)
8.051 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०५२ संशप्तकैर्युध्यमानस्य पार्थस्याश्वत्थाम्नाऽऽह्नानम्॥ तयोर्युद्धम्॥
8.052 saṃśaptakairyudhyamānasya pārthasyāśvatthāmnā''hnānam॥ tayoryuddham॥
[संशप्तकैः (saṃśaptakaiḥ) - by the Trigartas; युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - fighting; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Arjuna; अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - with Ashwatthama; आह्नानम् (āhnānam) - day; तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the two; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(The day of Arjuna fighting with Ashwatthama by the Trigartas. The battle of the two.)
8.052 The day when Arjuna was engaged in battle with Ashwatthama, instigated by the Trigartas. It was a fierce battle between the two.
८.०५३ अर्जुनेनाश्वत्थामपराजयः॥
8.053 arjunena aśvatthāma-parājayaḥ॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; अश्वत्थाम (aśvatthāma) - Aśvatthāmā; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(By Arjuna, Aśvatthāmā's defeat.)
8.053 Aśvatthāmā was defeated by Arjuna.
८.०५४ अर्जुनेन दण्डदण्डधारयोर्वधः॥
8.054 arjunena daṇḍadaṇḍadhārayorvadhaḥ॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; दण्ड (daṇḍa) - staff; दण्ड (daṇḍa) - staff; धारयोः (dhārayoḥ) - of the holders; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing;]
(By Arjuna, the killing of the staff-holders.)
8.054 Arjuna killed the staff-bearers.
८.०५५ अर्जुनेन संशप्तकानां वधः॥
8.055 arjunena saṁśaptakānāṁ vadhaḥ॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; संशप्तकानां (saṁśaptakānāṁ) - of the Saṁśaptakas; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing;]
(8.055 By Arjuna, of the Saṁśaptakas, killing.)
8.055 Arjuna killed the Saṁśaptakas.
८.०५६ अश्वत्थाम्ना पाण्ड्यवधः॥
8.056 aśvatthāmnā pāṇḍyavadhaḥ॥
[अश्वत्थाम्ना (aśvatthāmnā) - by Ashwatthama; पाण्ड्यवधः (pāṇḍyavadhaḥ) - the killing of the Pandya;]
(8.056 By Ashwatthama, the killing of the Pandya.)
8.056 Ashwatthama killed the Pandya.
८.०५७ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.057 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.057 Crowded battle.)
8.057 A chaotic battle ensued.
८.०५८ अर्जुनस्य द्रौणिग्रस्तधृष्टद्युम्नरक्षणपूर्वकं द्रौणिं निर्जित्य संशप्तकान्प्रति गमनम्॥
8.058 arjunasya drauṇigrastadhṛṣṭadyumnarakṣaṇapūrvakaṃ drauṇiṃ nirjitya saṃśaptakānprati gamanam॥
[अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; द्रौणिग्रस्त (drauṇigrasta) - seized by Drona's son; धृष्टद्युम्न (dhṛṣṭadyumna) - Dhrishtadyumna; रक्षण (rakṣaṇa) - protection; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceded by; द्रौणिं (drauṇiṃ) - Drona's son; निर्जित्य (nirjitya) - having conquered; संशप्तकान् (saṃśaptakān) - the Samsaptakas; प्रति (prati) - towards; गमनम् (gamanam) - movement;]
(Arjuna's movement towards the Samsaptakas, having conquered Drona's son, preceded by the protection of Dhrishtadyumna seized by Drona's son.)
8.058 Arjuna, after defeating Drona's son and ensuring the protection of Dhrishtadyumna, moved towards the Samsaptakas.
८.०५९ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.059 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.059 Crowded battle.)
8.059 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०६० गजयुद्धम्॥ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.060 gajayuddham॥ saṅkulayuddham॥
[गज (gaja) - elephant; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle; सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - confused; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.060 Elephant battle. Confused battle.)
8.060 "The battle of elephants was chaotic."
८.०६१ कृष्णेनार्जुनम्प्रति कुरूणां युधिष्ठिरग्रहणोद्यमकथनम्॥
8.061 kṛṣṇenārjunamprati kurūṇāṃ yudhiṣṭhiragrahaṇodyamakathanam॥
[कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kauravas; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; ग्रहण (grahaṇa) - capture; उद्यम (udyama) - effort; कथनम् (kathanam) - narration;]
(Krishna's narration to Arjuna about the Kauravas' effort to capture Yudhishthira.)
8.061 Krishna narrated to Arjuna about the Kauravas' plan to capture Yudhishthira.
८.०६२ कृष्णेनार्जुनम्प्रति युधिष्ठिरस्य कर्णेन पराभवकथनपूर्वकं कर्णयुद्धप्रदर्शनम्॥ तथा भीमसेनयुद्धप्रदर्शनम्॥
8.062 kṛṣṇenārjunamprati yudhiṣṭhirasya karṇena parābhavakathanapūrvakaṃ karṇayuddhapradarśanam॥ tathā bhīmasenayuddhapradarśanam॥
[कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; पराभव (parābhava) - defeat; कथन (kathana) - narration; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceding; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; प्रदर्शनम् (pradarśanam) - display; तथा (tathā) - and; भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - Bhimasena; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; प्रदर्शनम् (pradarśanam) - display;]
(8.062 By Krishna towards Arjuna, the narration of Yudhishthira's defeat by Karna, preceding the display of Karna's battle. And the display of Bhimasena's battle.)
8.062 In section 8.062, Krishna narrates to Arjuna about Yudhishthira's defeat by Karna, which precedes the depiction of Karna's battle. Additionally, it includes the depiction of Bhimasena's battle.
८.०६३ रणाय राज्ञां द्वन्द्वीभावः॥ कर्णेन शिखण्डिपराजयः॥ धृष्टद्युम्नदुःशासनयोर्युद्धम्॥
8.063 raṇāya rājñāṃ dvandvībhāvaḥ॥ karṇena śikhaṇḍiparājayaḥ॥ dhṛṣṭadyumnaduḥśāsanayoryuddham॥
[रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings; द्वन्द्वीभावः (dvandvībhāvaḥ) - duality; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; शिखण्डिपराजयः (śikhaṇḍiparājayaḥ) - defeat of Shikhandi; धृष्टद्युम्न (dhṛṣṭadyumna) - Dhrishtadyumna; दुःशासनयोः (duḥśāsanayoḥ) - and Dushasana; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(For battle, the duality of kings. By Karna, the defeat of Shikhandi. The battle of Dhrishtadyumna and Dushasana.)
8.063 The kings prepared for battle, highlighting the dual nature of their conflicts. Karna defeated Shikhandi, and there was a fierce battle between Dhrishtadyumna and Dushasana.
८.०६४ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.064 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.064 Crowded battle)
8.064 A chaotic battle ensues.
८.०६५ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.065 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.065 Crowded battle.)
8.065 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०६६ कर्णबाणपीडितस्य युधिष्ठिरस्य विश्रमाय स्वशिबिरप्रवेशः॥
8.066 karṇabāṇapīḍitasya yudhiṣṭhirasya viśramāya svaśibirapraveśaḥ॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; बाण (bāṇa) - arrow; पीडितस्य (pīḍitasya) - afflicted; युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; विश्रमाय (viśramāya) - for rest; स्व (sva) - own; शिबिर (śibira) - camp; प्रवेशः (praveśaḥ) - entry;]
(The entry of Yudhishthira, afflicted by Karna's arrow, into his own camp for rest.)
8.066 Yudhishthira, wounded by Karna's arrow, returns to his camp to rest.
८.०६७ पार्थेनाश्वत्थाम्नि पराजिते कर्णेन भार्गवास्त्रप्रयोगात्पाण्डवसेनापीडनम्॥
8.067 pārthenāśvatthāmni parājite karṇena bhārgavāstraprayogātpāṇḍavasenāpīḍanam॥
[पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna; अश्वत्थाम्नि (aśvatthāmni) - on Ashwatthama; पराजिते (parājite) - defeated; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; भार्गव (bhārgava) - Bhargava; अस्त्र (astra) - weapon; प्रयोगात् (prayogāt) - by the use; पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - Pandava; सेना (senā) - army; पीडनम् (pīḍanam) - tormented;]
(By Arjuna, Ashwatthama was defeated; by Karna, using the Bhargava weapon, the Pandava army was tormented.)
8.067 In this verse, Arjuna defeats Ashwatthama, while Karna uses the Bhargava weapon to torment the Pandava army.
८.०६८ कर्णबाणव्यथापनोदनाय युधिष्ठिरं शिबिरगतं विज्ञाय शत्रुनिग्रहे भीमनियोजनपूर्वकमर्जुनेन सह श्रीकृष्णस्य तत्समीपं प्रति गमनम्॥
8.068 karṇabāṇavyathāpanodanāya yudhiṣṭhiraṃ śibiragataṃ vijñāya śatrunigrahe bhīmaniyojanapūrvakamarjunena saha śrīkṛṣṇasya tatsamīpaṃ prati gamanam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; बाण (bāṇa) - arrow; व्यथा (vyathā) - pain; अपनोदनाय (apanodanāya) - for alleviating; युधिष्ठिरं (yudhiṣṭhiraṃ) - Yudhishthira; शिबिरगतं (śibiragataṃ) - gone to the camp; विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - knowing; शत्रु (śatru) - enemy; निग्रहे (nigrahe) - for subduing; भीम (bhīma) - Bhima; नियोजन (niyojana) - assignment; पूर्वकम् (pūrvakam) - preceded by; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - with Arjuna; सह (saha) - together; श्रीकृष्णस्य (śrīkṛṣṇasya) - of Lord Krishna; तत् (tat) - that; समीपं (samīpaṃ) - near; प्रति (prati) - towards; गमनम् (gamanam) - going.;]
(For alleviating the pain of Karna's arrow, knowing that Yudhishthira had gone to the camp, for subduing the enemy, preceded by the assignment of Bhima, together with Arjuna, towards the presence of Lord Krishna, the going.)
8.068 To alleviate the pain caused by Karna's arrow, knowing that Yudhishthira had gone to the camp, and to subdue the enemy, Bhima was assigned the task, and together with Arjuna, they went towards Lord Krishna's presence.
८.०६९ युधिष्ठिरेण कर्णशरविक्षतस्यात्मनो दिदृक्षया स्वशिबिरमुपागतौ कृष्णार्जुनौ दृष्ट्वा पार्थेन राधेयस्य वधभ्रमेण पार्थस्य प्रशंसनम्॥
8.069 yudhiṣṭhireṇa karṇaśaravikṣatasyātmano didṛkṣayā svaśibiramupāgatau kṛṣṇārjunau dṛṣṭvā pārthena rādheyasya vadhabhrameṇa pārthasya praśaṁsanam॥
[युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhishthira; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; शर (śara) - arrow; विक्षतस्य (vikṣatasya) - wounded; आत्मनः (ātmanah) - himself; दिदृक्षया (didṛkṣayā) - with the desire to see; स्व (sva) - own; शिबिरम् (śibiram) - camp; उपागतौ (upāgatau) - having arrived; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna; अर्जुनौ (arjunau) - Arjuna; दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen; पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha; राधेयस्य (rādheyasya) - of Radheya; वध (vadha) - killing; भ्रमेण (bhrameṇa) - with the delusion; पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - of Partha; प्रशंसनम् (praśaṁsanam) - praise;]
(Seeing Krishna and Arjuna, who had arrived at their own camp with the desire to see himself wounded by Karna's arrow, Yudhishthira praised Partha with the delusion of Radheya's killing.)
8.069 Yudhishthira, desiring to see himself wounded by Karna's arrow, saw Krishna and Arjuna arriving at their camp. Under the delusion that Radheya had been killed, he praised Partha.
८.०७० अर्जुनेन स्ययुद्धानुवादपूर्वकं युधिष्ठिरम्प्रति कर्णवधप्रतिज्ञानम्॥
8.070 arjunena syayuddhānuvādapūrvakaṃ yudhiṣṭhiramprati karṇavadhapratijñānam॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; स्य (sya) - his; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; अनुवाद (anuvāda) - narration; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceding; युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhishthira; प्रति (prati) - towards; कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; वध (vadha) - killing; प्रतिज्ञानम् (pratijñānam) - vow;]
(By Arjuna, his battle narration preceding, towards Yudhishthira, the vow of killing Karna.)
8.070 Arjuna, after narrating his battle experiences, made a vow to Yudhishthira to kill Karna.
८.०७१ कर्णस्यामारणज्ञानाद्रुष्टेन युधिष्ठिरेण अर्जुनम्प्रति गर्हणपूर्वकं कृष्णकरे गाण्डीवदानचोदना॥
8.071 karṇasyāmāraṇajñānādruṣṭena yudhiṣṭhireṇa arjunamprati garhaṇapūrvakaṃ kṛṣṇakare gāṇḍīvadānacodanā॥
[कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; आमारण (āmāraṇa) - till death; ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - from knowledge; रुष्टेन (ruṣṭena) - by the angry; युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhishthira; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; गर्हणपूर्वकं (garhaṇapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by reproach; कृष्णकरे (kṛṣṇakare) - in Krishna's hand; गाण्डीव (gāṇḍīva) - Gandiva; दान (dāna) - giving; चोदना (codanā) - incitement;]
(The incitement to give Gandiva in Krishna's hand towards Arjuna by the angry Yudhishthira, from the knowledge of Karna's till death, preceded by reproach.)
8.071 Yudhishthira, angry from the knowledge of Karna's vow till death, reproachfully urged Krishna to hand over the Gandiva to Arjuna.
८.०७२ तेन तन्निवेदनम्॥ कृष्णेन वधप्रतिनिधित्वेन युधिष्ठिराधिक्षेप॥
8.072 tena tannivedanam॥ kṛṣṇena vadha-pratinidhitvena yudhiṣṭhirādhikṣepa॥
[तेन (tena) - by him; तत् (tat) - that; निवेदनम् (nivedanam) - communication; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; वध (vadha) - killing; प्रतिनिधित्वेन (pratinidhitvena) - as a representative; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; अधिक्षेप (adhikṣepa) - reproach;]
(By him, that communication; by Krishna, as a representative of killing, Yudhishthira's reproach.)
8.072 By him, that communication was made; Krishna, acting as a representative for the killing, reproached Yudhishthira.
८.०७३ युधिष्ठिराधिक्षेपादात्मवधोद्यतं पार्थं प्रति कृष्णेन तत्प्रतिनिधितया आत्मप्रशंसनचोदना॥ अर्जुनेनात्मप्रशंसनानन्तरं युधिष्ठिरक्षमापनम्॥
8.073 yudhiṣṭhirādhikṣepādātmavadhodyataṃ pārthaṃ prati kṛṣṇena tatpratinidhitayā ātmapraśaṃsanacodanā॥ arjunenātmapraśaṃsanānantaraṃ yudhiṣṭhirakṣamāpanam॥
[युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; अधिक्षेपात् (adhikṣepāt) - from reproach; आत्म (ātma) - self; वध (vadha) - destruction; उद्यतं (udyataṃ) - intent; पार्थं (pārthaṃ) - Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; तत् (tat) - that; प्रतिनिधितया (pratinidhitayā) - as a representative; आत्म (ātma) - self; प्रशंशन (praśaṃsana) - praise; चोदना (codanā) - incitement; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; आत्म (ātma) - self; प्रशंशन (praśaṃsana) - praise; अनन्तरं (anantaraṃ) - after; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; क्षमापनम् (kṣamāpanam) - apology;]
(Krishna, as a representative, incited Arjuna, who was intent on self-destruction due to Yudhishthira's reproach, to self-praise. After Arjuna's self-praise, he apologized to Yudhishthira.)
8.073 Krishna, acting as a mediator, encouraged Arjuna, who was on the verge of self-destruction because of Yudhishthira's reproach, to engage in self-praise. Following this, Arjuna apologized to Yudhishthira.
८.०७४ अर्जुनकृतावमानाद्वनं यियासोर्युधिष्ठिरस्य कृष्णेन परिसान्त्वनम्॥
8.074 arjunakṛtāvamānādvanaṃ yiyāsoryudhiṣṭhirasya kṛṣṇena parisāntvanam॥
[अर्जुनकृत (arjunakṛta) - made by Arjuna; अवमानात् (avamānāt) - due to insult; वनं (vanaṃ) - to the forest; यियासोः (yiyāsor) - desiring to go; युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; परिसान्त्वनम् (parisāntvanam) - consolation;]
(Krishna's consolation to Yudhishthira, who was desiring to go to the forest due to the insult made by Arjuna.)
8.074 Krishna consoled Yudhishthira, who wanted to go to the forest because of the insult caused by Arjuna.
८.०७५ अर्जुनेन स्वावमानितस्य युधिष्ठिरस्य प्रसादनम्॥ अर्जुनेन युधिष्ठिराग्रे कर्णवधप्रतिज्ञानम्॥
8.075 arjunena svāvamānitasya yudhiṣṭhirasya prasādanam॥ arjunena yudhiṣṭhirāgre karṇavadhapratijñānam॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; स्वावमानितस्य (svāvamānitasya) - of the insulted; युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - of Yudhishthira; प्रसादनम् (prasādanam) - appeasement; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; युधिष्ठिराग्रे (yudhiṣṭhirāgre) - in front of Yudhishthira; कर्णवधप्रतिज्ञानम् (karṇavadhapratijñānam) - vow to kill Karna;]
(8.075 By Arjuna, the appeasement of the insulted Yudhishthira. By Arjuna, in front of Yudhishthira, the vow to kill Karna.)
8.075 Arjuna appeased the insulted Yudhishthira. In front of Yudhishthira, Arjuna vowed to kill Karna.
८.०७६ कर्णेन योद्धुंनिर्गच्छतोऽर्जुनस्य शुभनिमित्तप्रादुर्भावः॥ श्रीकृष्णेनार्जुनस्य प्रोत्साहनम्॥
8.076 karṇena yoddhuṃnirgacchato'rjunasya śubhanimittaprādurbhāvaḥ॥ śrīkṛṣṇenārjunasya protsāhanam॥
[कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; योद्धुं (yoddhum) - to fight; निर्गच्छतः (nirgacchataḥ) - going out; अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; शुभ (śubha) - auspicious; निमित्त (nimitta) - omens; प्रादुर्भावः (prādurbhāvaḥ) - appearance; श्रीकृष्णेन (śrīkṛṣṇena) - by Lord Krishna; अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; प्रोत्साहनम् (protsāhanam) - encouragement;]
(As Karna went out to fight, auspicious omens appeared for Arjuna. Lord Krishna encouraged Arjuna.)
8.076 As Karna stepped out to engage in battle, auspicious signs emerged favoring Arjuna. Lord Krishna offered encouragement to Arjuna.
८.०७७ कृष्णेनार्जुनम्प्रति भीष्मादियुद्धनिधनप्रकारानुवादपूर्वकं तेषां वधे तस्यैव मुख्यकारणत्वकथनम्॥ वाल्यात्प्रभूति दुर्योधनापनयानुस्मराणपूर्वकं सर्वत्र कर्णस्यैव मूलतया महापराधित्वद्योतनेन तस्यावश्यं हननविधानम्॥
8.077 kṛṣṇenārjunamprati bhīṣmādiyuddhanidhanaprakārānuvādapūrvakaṃ teṣāṃ vadhe tasyaiva mukhyakāraṇatvakathanam॥ vālyātprabhūti duryodhanāpanayānusmarāṇapūrvakaṃ sarvatra karṇasyaiva mūlatayā mahāparādhitvadyotanena tasyāvaśyaṃ hananavidhānam॥
[कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; भीष्मादि (bhīṣmādi) - Bhishma and others; युद्ध (yuddha) - battle; निधन (nidhana) - death; प्रकार (prakāra) - manner; अनुवाद (anuvāda) - narration; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceding; तेषां (teṣāṃ) - their; वधे (vadhe) - in killing; तस्यैव (tasyaiva) - his own; मुख्य (mukhya) - main; कारणत्व (kāraṇatva) - reason; कथनम् (kathanam) - statement; वाल्यात् (vālyāt) - from childhood; प्रभूति (prabhūti) - onwards; दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; अपनय (apanaya) - removal; अनुस्मराण (anusmarāṇa) - recollection; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceding; सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere; कर्णस्यैव (karṇasyaiva) - of Karna himself; मूलतया (mūlatayā) - as the root cause; महापराधित्व (mahāparādhitva) - great offense; द्योतनेन (dyotanena) - by indication; तस्य (tasya) - his; अवश्यं (avaśyaṃ) - certainly; हनन (hanana) - killing; विधानम् (vidhānam) - arrangement;]
(Krishna's narration to Arjuna about the manner of Bhishma and others' death in battle, stating his own main reason for their killing. From childhood onwards, recalling Duryodhana's removal, indicating everywhere Karna's great offense as the root cause, certainly arranging his killing.)
8.077 Krishna narrates to Arjuna the manner of Bhishma and others' deaths in battle, explaining his own main reason for their killing. From childhood onwards, recalling Duryodhana's removal, it is indicated everywhere that Karna's great offense is the root cause, thus arranging his inevitable killing.
८.०७८ अर्जुनेन कृष्णाग्रे कर्णवधानन्तरभाव्यर्थानुवर्णनपूर्वकं तद्वधप्रतिज्ञा॥
8.078 arjunena kṛṣṇāgre karṇavadhānantarabhāvyarthānuvarṇanapūrvakaṃ tadvadhapratijñā॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; कृष्णाग्रे (kṛṣṇāgre) - in front of Krishna; कर्णवधानन्तर (karṇavadhānantara) - after the killing of Karna; भाव्य (bhāvya) - future; अर्थ (artha) - meaning; अनुवर्णन (anuvarṇana) - description; पूर्वकं (pūrvakaṃ) - preceding; तद्वध (tadvadha) - his killing; प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - vow;]
(By Arjuna, in front of Krishna, after the killing of Karna, the future meaning description preceding his killing vow.)
8.078 Arjuna, in front of Krishna, vowed to describe the future meaning after the killing of Karna, preceding his vow to kill.
८.०७९ द्वन्द्वयुद्धम्॥
8.079 dvandvayuddham॥
[द्वन्द्व (dvandva) - duel; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.079 Duel battle.)
8.079 "Duel battle."
८.०८० भीमसेनविशोकयोः संवादः॥
8.080 bhīmasenaviśokayoḥ saṁvādaḥ॥
[भीमसेन (bhīmasena) - Bhimasena; विशोकयोः (viśokayoḥ) - of the two without sorrow; संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue;]
(8.080 Dialogue of Bhimasena and the two without sorrow.)
8.080 "The dialogue between Bhimasena and those who are without sorrow."
८.०८१ पार्थपराक्रमः॥ भीमेन दुर्योधनचोदितस्य शकुनेः पराजयः॥
8.081 pārthaparākramaḥ॥ bhīmena duryodhanacoditasya śakuneḥ parājayaḥ॥
[पार्थ (pārtha) - Arjuna; पराक्रमः (parākramaḥ) - valor; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana; चोदितस्य (coditasya) - incited; शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of Shakuni; पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat;]
(8.081 The valor of Arjuna. The defeat of Shakuni incited by Duryodhana by Bhima.)
8.081 "The valor of Arjuna." Shakuni, incited by Duryodhana, was defeated by Bhima.
८.०८२ कर्णपराक्रमवर्णनम्॥
8.082 karṇaparākramavarṇanam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; पराक्रम (parākrama) - valor; वर्णनम् (varṇanam) - description;]
(8.082 Karna valor description.)
8.082 "Description of Karna's valor."
८.०८३ पार्थचोदनया कृष्णेन कर्णसमीपम्प्रति रथप्रापणम्॥ शल्येन कर्णप्रोत्साहनम्॥ कर्णेन पार्थप्रशंसनपूर्वकं तद्वधप्रतिज्ञा॥ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.083 pārthacodanayā kṛṣṇena karṇasamīpamprati rathaprāpaṇam॥ śalyena karṇaprotsāhanam॥ karṇena pārthapraśaṁsanapūrvakaṁ tadvadhapratijñā॥ saṅkulayuddham॥
[पार्थचोदनया (pārthacodanayā) - by Arjuna's urging; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; कर्णसमीपम्प्रति (karṇasamīpamprati) - towards Karna's vicinity; रथप्रापणम् (rathaprāpaṇam) - chariot arrival; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; कर्णप्रोत्साहनम् (karṇaprotsāhanam) - Karna's encouragement; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; पार्थप्रशंसनपूर्वकं (pārthapraśaṁsanapūrvakaṁ) - preceded by praise of Arjuna; तद्वधप्रतिज्ञा (tadvadhapratijñā) - vow to kill him; सङ्कुलयुद्धम् (saṅkulayuddham) - chaotic battle;]
(By Arjuna's urging, Krishna brought the chariot towards Karna's vicinity. Shalya encouraged Karna. Karna, preceded by praise of Arjuna, vowed to kill him. A chaotic battle ensued.)
8.083 Urged by Arjuna, Krishna drove the chariot towards Karna. Shalya motivated Karna, who, after praising Arjuna, vowed to kill him, leading to a chaotic battle.
८.०८४ सङ्कुत ॥
8.084 saṅkuta ॥
[सङ्कुत (saṅkuta) - hidden;]
(8.084 hidden.)
8.084 Hidden.
८.०८५ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.085 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.085 Crowded battle.)
8.085 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०८६ सङ्कलयुद्धम्॥ भीमदुःशासनयोः समागमः संवादश्च॥
8.086 saṅkalayuddham॥ bhīmaduḥśāsanayoḥ samāgamaḥ saṁvādaśca॥
[सङ्कल (saṅkala) - battle; युद्धम् (yuddham) - war; भीम (bhīma) - Bhima; दुःशासनयोः (duḥśāsanayoḥ) - of Duhshasana; समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - meeting; संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue; च (ca) - and;]
(8.086 The battle; war; Bhima; of Duhshasana; meeting; dialogue; and;)
8.086 The battle between Bhima and Duhshasana, their meeting and dialogue.
८.०८७ भीमेन राज्ञां समक्षं दुःशासनवक्षसो रक्तपानम्॥
8.087 bhīmena rājñāṃ samakṣaṃ duḥśāsanavakṣaso raktapānam॥
[भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; राज्ञां (rājñāṃ) - of the kings; समक्षं (samakṣaṃ) - in the presence; दुःशासन (duḥśāsana) - Duhshasana's; वक्षसः (vakṣasaḥ) - chest; रक्तपानम् (raktapānam) - drinking of blood;]
(By Bhima, in the presence of the kings, the drinking of Duhshasana's chest blood.)
8.087 Bhima, in front of the kings, drank the blood from Duhshasana's chest.
८.०८८ दुःशासनवधक्रोधादात्मनामभिद्रुतदतां तदनुजानां भीमेन वधः॥ दुःशासनादिनिधनाद्बिश्यतः कर्णस्य शल्येन प्रोत्साहनम्॥ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.088 duḥśāsanavadhakrodhādātmanāmabhidrutadātāṃ tadanujānāṃ bhīmena vadhaḥ॥ duḥśāsanādininhanādbiśyataḥ karṇasya śalyena protsāhanam॥ saṅkulayuddham॥
[दुःशासन (duḥśāsana) - Duhshasana; वध (vadha) - killing; क्रोध (krodha) - anger; आत्मनाम् (ātmanām) - of the selves; अभिद्रुत (abhidruta) - attacked; दतां (datāṃ) - given; तदनुजानाम् (tadanujānām) - of his younger brothers; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing; दुःशासन (duḥśāsana) - Duhshasana; निधनात् (nidhanāt) - from the death; बिश्यतः (biśyataḥ) - of Karna; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; शल्येन (śalyena) - by Shalya; प्रोत्साहनम् (protsāhanam) - encouragement; सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - confused; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.088 Due to the anger from the killing of Duhshasana, the selves attacked and given to the younger brothers, the killing by Bhima. From the death of Duhshasana, encouragement of Karna by Shalya. Confused battle.)
8.088 In the aftermath of Duhshasana's death, driven by anger, the warriors attacked, and Bhima killed the younger brothers. Following Duhshasana's demise, Shalya encouraged Karna, leading to a chaotic battle.
८.०८९ सङ्कुलयुद्धम्॥
8.089 saṅkulayuddham॥
[सङ्कुल (saṅkula) - crowded; युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle;]
(8.089 Crowded battle.)
8.089 The battle was chaotic and crowded.
८.०९० अर्जुनेन कर्णसूनोर्वृषसेनस्य वधः॥
8.090 arjunena karṇasūnor vṛṣasenasya vadhaḥ॥
[अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; कर्णसूनोः (karṇasūnor) - of Karna's son; वृषसेनस्य (vṛṣasenasya) - of Vrishasena; वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing;]
(By Arjuna, of Karna's son, of Vrishasena, killing.)
8.090 Arjuna killed Vrishasena, the son of Karna.
८.०९१ रणाय कर्णार्जुनयोः समागमः॥ तदवलोकनाय दिवि देवगन्धर्वादीनां समागमः॥ देवासुरादीनां कर्णार्जु नसमाश्रयणेन द्वैधीभावः॥
8.091 raṇāya karṇārjunayoḥ samāgamaḥ॥ tadavalokanāya divi devagandharvādīnāṃ samāgamaḥ॥ devāsurādīnāṃ karṇārjuna samāśrayaṇena dvaidhībhāvaḥ॥
[रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; कर्णार्जुनयोः (karṇārjunayoḥ) - of Karna and Arjuna; समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - meeting; तदवलोकनाय (tadavalokanāya) - for witnessing that; दिवि (divi) - in the sky; देवगन्धर्वादीनां (devagandharvādīnāṃ) - of gods and Gandharvas and others; समागमः (samāgamaḥ) - gathering; देवासुरादीनां (devāsurādīnāṃ) - of gods and Asuras and others; कर्णार्जुन (karṇārjuna) - Karna and Arjuna; समाश्रयणेन (samāśrayaṇena) - by alliance; द्वैधीभावः (dvaidhībhāvaḥ) - division;]
(8.091 Meeting of Karna and Arjuna for battle. For witnessing that, a gathering of gods, Gandharvas, and others in the sky. Division by alliance of gods, Asuras, and others with Karna and Arjuna.)
8.091 The meeting of Karna and Arjuna for battle drew the attention of gods, Gandharvas, and others who gathered in the sky to witness it. The gods, Asuras, and others were divided in their alliances with Karna and Arjuna.
८.०९२ कर्णार्जुनसमाश्रयात् लोकक्षयभीरुणा प्रजापतिना ब्रह्माणं प्रति उभयोः साम्येन जयप्रार्थना॥ इन्द्रेण सकारणनिरूपणमर्जुनस्यैव जये प्रार्थिते ब्रह्मेशानाभ्यां तदङ्गीकारे देवैर्हर्षात्पुष्पवर्षणम्॥
8.092 karṇārjunasamāśrayāt lokakṣayabhīruṇā prajāpatinā brahmāṇaṃ prati ubhayoḥ sāmyena jayaprārthanā॥ indreṇa sakāraṇanirūpaṇamarjunasyaiva jaye prārthite brahmeśānābhyāṃ tadaṅgīkāre devairharṣātpuṣpavarṣaṇam॥
[कर्णार्जुनसमाश्रयात् (karṇārjunasamāśrayāt) - from the refuge of Karna and Arjuna; लोकक्षयभीरुणा (lokakṣayabhīruṇā) - by the one fearing the destruction of the world; प्रजापतिना (prajāpatinā) - by Prajapati; ब्रह्माणं (brahmāṇaṃ) - to Brahma; प्रति (prati) - towards; उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both; साम्येन (sāmyena) - with equality; जयप्रार्थना (jayaprārthanā) - prayer for victory; इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra; सकारणनिरूपणम् (sakāraṇanirūpaṇam) - with reasoned determination; अर्जुनस्यैव (arjunasyaiva) - of Arjuna alone; जये (jaye) - in victory; प्रार्थिते (prārthite) - prayed; ब्रह्मेशानाभ्यां (brahmeśānābhyāṃ) - by Brahma and Shiva; तदङ्गीकारे (tadaṅgīkāre) - in that acceptance; देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; हर्षात् (harṣāt) - with joy; पुष्पवर्षणम् (puṣpavarṣaṇam) - flower shower;]
(From the refuge of Karna and Arjuna, by the one fearing the destruction of the world, Prajapati made a prayer for victory to Brahma with equality for both. Indra, with reasoned determination, prayed for the victory of Arjuna alone. In that acceptance by Brahma and Shiva, the gods joyfully showered flowers.)
8.092 Prajapati, fearing the destruction of the world, sought refuge in Karna and Arjuna and prayed to Brahma for victory for both. However, Indra reasoned and prayed for Arjuna's victory alone. Brahma and Shiva accepted this, and the gods, in joy, showered flowers.
८.०९३ शल्यकर्णयोः सँलापः॥ कृष्णार्जुनयोः सँलापः॥ अर्जुनेन कृष्णम्प्रति स्वसामर्थ्यकथनम्॥
8.093 śalyakarṇayoḥ saṁlāpaḥ॥ kṛṣṇārjunayoḥ saṁlāpaḥ॥ arjunena kṛṣṇamprati svasāmarthyakathanam॥
[शल्यकर्णयोः (śalyakarṇayoḥ) - between Śalya and Karṇa; सँलापः (saṁlāpaḥ) - conversation; कृष्णार्जुनयोः (kṛṣṇārjunayoḥ) - between Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna; सँलापः (saṁlāpaḥ) - conversation; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; कृष्णम् (kṛṣṇam) - to Kṛṣṇa; प्रति (prati) - towards; स्वसामर्थ्यकथनम् (svasāmarthyakathanam) - self-capability narration;]
(8.093 Conversation between Śalya and Karṇa. Conversation between Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna. Arjuna's narration of his own capabilities to Kṛṣṇa.)
8.093 The dialogue between Śalya and Karṇa, and between Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, where Arjuna speaks to Kṛṣṇa about his own abilities.
८.०९४ कर्णाल्लंनयोर्युद्धारम्भः॥ द्रौणिना दुर्योधनाय हिताख्यानम्॥ तेन तदनादृत्य रणाय सेनानियोजनम्॥
8.094 karṇāllanayoryuddhārambhaḥ॥ drauṇinā duryodhanāya hitākhyānam॥ tena tadanādṛtya raṇāya senāniyojanam॥
[कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from Karna; अल्लंनयोः (allanayoḥ) - of the two armies; युद्धारम्भः (yuddhārambhaḥ) - beginning of the battle; द्रौणिना (drauṇinā) - by Drona's son; दुर्योधनाय (duryodhanāya) - to Duryodhana; हिताख्यानम् (hitākhyānam) - beneficial advice; तेन (tena) - by him; तत् (tat) - that; अनादृत्य (anādṛtya) - disregarding; रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle; सेनानियोजनम् (senāniyojanam) - deployment of the army;]
(8.094 From Karna, the beginning of the battle between the two armies. By Drona's son, beneficial advice to Duryodhana. Disregarding that, deployment of the army for battle.)
8.094 The battle between the two armies began with Karna. Drona's son gave beneficial advice to Duryodhana, but disregarding that, the army was deployed for battle.
८.०९५ रणे कर्णस्यार्जुनसाम्यमसहमानेन भीमेन सकोपं पार्थप्रोत्साहनम्॥
8.095 raṇe karṇasyārjunasāmyamasahamānena bhīmena sakopaṃ pārthaprotsāhanam॥
[रणे (raṇe) - in battle; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; साम्यम् (sāmyam) - equality; असहमानेन (asahamānena) - unable to tolerate; भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima; सकोपं (sakopaṃ) - with anger; पार्थ (pārtha) - Partha; प्रोत्साहनम् (protsāhanam) - encouragement;]
(In battle, unable to tolerate the equality of Karna and Arjuna, Bhima, with anger, encouraged Partha.)
8.095 In the battle, Bhima, unable to tolerate the equality between Karna and Arjuna, angrily encouraged Partha.
८.०९६ कर्णे युधि वर्धमाने कृष्णेनार्जुनप्रोत्साहनम्॥ ततोऽर्जुनेन स्वसामर्थ्यप्रकाशनम्॥
8.096 karṇe yudhi vardhamāne kṛṣṇenārjunaprotṣāhanam॥ tato'rjunena svasāmarthyaprakāśanam॥
[कर्णे (karṇe) - in Karna; युधि (yudhi) - in battle; वर्धमाने (vardhamāne) - increasing; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; अर्जुनप्रोत्साहनम् (arjunaprotṣāhanam) - Arjuna's encouragement; ततः (tataḥ) - then; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; स्वसामर्थ्यप्रकाशनम् (svasāmarthyaprakāśanam) - self-capability demonstration;]
(In Karna, in battle, increasing, by Krishna, Arjuna's encouragement. Then, by Arjuna, self-capability demonstration.)
8.096 In the battle, as Karna's strength increased, Krishna encouraged Arjuna. Then, Arjuna demonstrated his own capabilities.
८.०९७ रणे हीयमानेन कर्णेनार्जुनस्य शिरो लक्षीकृत्य नागास्त्रप्रयोगः॥ कृष्णेन पार्थरथे पादनिपीडनेन धरण्यां किञ्चिन्निमज्जिते तदस्त्रेण शिरोवर्जं पार्थकिरीटमात्रापहारः॥ कर्णस्य रथचक्रे विप्रशापात् धरण्यां निमग्ने तदुद्दिधीर्षया तेनपार्थंप्रति मुहूर्तमयुद्धप्रार्थनम्॥
8.097 raṇe hīyamānena karṇenārjunasya śiro lakṣīkṛtya nāgāstraprayogaḥ॥ kṛṣṇena pārtharathe pādanipīḍanena dharaṇyāṃ kiñcinnimajjite tadastreṇa śirovarjaṃ pārthakirīṭamātrāpahāraḥ॥ karṇasya rathacakre vipraśāpāt dharaṇyāṃ nimagne taduddidhīrṣayā tenapārthaṃprati muhūrtamayuddhaprārthanam॥
[रणे (raṇe) - in battle; हीयमानेन (hīyamānena) - being defeated; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna; शिरः (śiraḥ) - head; लक्षीकृत्य (lakṣīkṛtya) - targeting; नागास्त्रप्रयोगः (nāgāstraprayogaḥ) - use of the serpent weapon; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; पार्थरथे (pārtharathe) - on Arjuna's chariot; पादनिपीडनेन (pādanipīḍanena) - by pressing the foot; धरण्यां (dharaṇyāṃ) - on the ground; किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - slightly; निमज्जिते (nimajjite) - sunk; तदस्त्रेण (tadastreṇa) - by that weapon; शिरोवर्जं (śirovarjaṃ) - except the head; पार्थकिरीटमात्रापहारः (pārthakirīṭamātrāpahāraḥ) - only the crown of Arjuna was taken; कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna; रथचक्रे (rathacakre) - in the chariot wheel; विप्रशापात् (vipraśāpāt) - due to a Brahmin's curse; धरण्यां (dharaṇyāṃ) - on the ground; निमग्ने (nimagne) - sunk; तदुद्दिधीर्षया (taduddidhīrṣayā) - with the desire to lift it; तेन (tena) - by him; पार्थं (pārthaṃ) - to Arjuna; प्रति (prati) - towards; मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment; अयुद्धप्रार्थनम् (ayuddhaprārthanam) - request for non-fighting;]
(In battle, as Karna was being defeated, targeting Arjuna's head, the serpent weapon was used. By Krishna's pressing the foot on Arjuna's chariot, it slightly sunk into the ground, and by that weapon, only Arjuna's crown was taken except the head. Due to a Brahmin's curse, Karna's chariot wheel sunk into the ground, and with the desire to lift it, he requested Arjuna for a moment of non-fighting.)
8.097 In the battle, as Karna was being defeated, he targeted Arjuna's head with the serpent weapon. However, Krishna pressed his foot on Arjuna's chariot, causing it to sink slightly into the ground, and thus only Arjuna's crown was taken by the weapon, sparing his head. Due to a Brahmin's curse, Karna's chariot wheel got stuck in the ground, and in his attempt to lift it, he requested Arjuna for a brief pause in fighting.
८.०९८ पार्थाय धर्मानुवादकं कर्णंम्प्रति कृष्णेन तत्कृतदुष्कृतानुस्मारणपूर्वकं मर्मोद्धाटनम्॥ कर्णेन स्वबाणाहतिनिर्विण्णेऽर्जुने तदन्तरे रथादवरुह्य तच्चक्रोद्धरणोद्यमः॥ तदन्तरे कृष्णचोदनया पार्थेन कर्णशिरश्छेदः॥
8.098 pārthāya dharmānuvādakaṃ karṇaṃprati kṛṣṇena tatkṛtaduṣkṛtānusmāraṇapūrvakaṃ marmoddhāṭanam॥ karṇena svabāṇāhatinirviṇṇe'rjune tadantare rathādavaruhya taccakroddharaṇodyamaḥ॥ tadantare kṛṣṇacodanayā pārthena karṇaśiraśchedaḥ॥
[पार्थाय (pārthāya) - to Arjuna; धर्मानुवादकं (dharmānuvādakaṃ) - preaching of righteousness; कर्णं (karṇaṃ) - to Karna; प्रति (prati) - towards; कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - by Krishna; तत्कृतदुष्कृतानुस्मारणपूर्वकं (tatkṛtaduṣkṛtānusmāraṇapūrvakaṃ) - preceded by the recollection of his misdeeds; मर्मोद्धाटनम् (marmoddhāṭanam) - exposing the vital points; कर्णेन (karṇena) - by Karna; स्वबाणाहतिनिर्विण्णे (svabāṇāhatinirviṇṇe) - disheartened by his own arrows; अर्जुने (arjune) - in Arjuna; तदन्तरे (tadantare) - in the meantime; रथादवरुह्य (rathādavaruhya) - descending from the chariot; तच्चक्रोद्धरणोद्यमः (taccakroddharaṇodyamaḥ) - effort to lift the wheel; तदन्तरे (tadantare) - in the meantime; कृष्णचोदनया (kṛṣṇacodanayā) - by Krishna's urging; पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna; कर्णशिरश्छेदः (karṇaśiraśchedaḥ) - beheading of Karna;]
(To Arjuna, the preaching of righteousness towards Karna by Krishna, preceded by the recollection of his misdeeds, exposing the vital points. By Karna, disheartened by his own arrows in Arjuna, in the meantime, descending from the chariot, effort to lift the wheel. In the meantime, by Krishna's urging, by Arjuna, beheading of Karna.)
8.098 Krishna preached righteousness to Arjuna regarding Karna, reminding him of Karna's misdeeds and exposing his vulnerabilities. Meanwhile, Karna, disheartened by his own arrows against Arjuna, descended from his chariot to lift the wheel. During this time, urged by Krishna, Arjuna beheaded Karna.
८.०९९ शल्येन कर्णमरणाद्व्याकुलमनसो दुर्योधनस्य समाश्वासनम्॥ तथा तम्प्रति रणाङ्कणवर्णनम्॥ देवगन्धर्वादीनां स्वस्वस्थानगमनम्॥
8.099 śalyena karṇamaraṇādvyākulamanaso duryodhanasya samāśvāsanam॥ tathā tamprati raṇāṅkaṇavarṇanam॥ devagandharvādīnāṃ svasvasthānagamanam॥
[शल्येन (śalyena) - by Śalya; कर्णमरणात् (karṇamaraṇāt) - from Karṇa's death; व्याकुलमनसः (vyākulamanasaḥ) - distressed mind; दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana; समाश्वासनम् (samāśvāsanam) - consolation; तथा (tathā) - thus; तम् (tam) - him; प्रति (prati) - towards; रणाङ्कणवर्णनम् (raṇāṅkaṇavarṇanam) - battlefield description; देवगन्धर्वादीनाम् (devagandharvādīnām) - of gods, Gandharvas, etc.; स्वस्वस्थानगमनम् (svasvasthānagamanam) - returning to their respective places;]
(Śalya consoled Duryodhana, whose mind was distressed by Karṇa's death. Thus, towards him, the battlefield was described. The gods, Gandharvas, and others returned to their respective places.)
8.099 Śalya consoled Duryodhana, who was deeply troubled by the death of Karṇa. He described the battlefield to him. Meanwhile, the gods, Gandharvas, and other celestial beings returned to their respective abodes.
८.१०० कर्णवधानन्तरं कृष्णार्जुनयोर्युधिष्ठिरसमीपगमनम्॥
8.100 karṇavadhānantaraṃ kṛṣṇārjunayoryudhiṣṭhirasamīpagamanam॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; वध (vadha) - killing; अनन्तरं (anantaraṃ) - after; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna; अर्जुनयोः (arjunayoḥ) - Arjuna and; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; समीप (samīpa) - near; गमनम् (gamanam) - going;]
(After the killing of Karna, Krishna and Arjuna went near Yudhishthira.)
8.100 After Karna's death, Krishna and Arjuna approached Yudhishthira.
८.१०१ कर्णवधानन्तरमर्जुनेन युधिष्ठिराभिवादनम्॥ तेन कृष्णार्जुनप्रशंसनम्॥ कृष्णयुधिष्ठिरसंवादः॥
8.101 karṇavadhānantaramarjunena yudhiṣṭhirābhivādanam॥ tena kṛṣṇārjunapraśaṁsanam॥ kṛṣṇayudhiṣṭhirasaṁvādaḥ॥
[कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna; वध (vadha) - killing; अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - after; अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; अभिवादनम् (abhivādanam) - salutation; तेन (tena) - by him; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna; अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna; प्रशंसनम् (praśaṁsanam) - praise; कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - Krishna; युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira; संवादः (saṁvādaḥ) - dialogue;]
(8.101 After the killing of Karna by Arjuna, Yudhishthira's salutation. By him, praise of Krishna and Arjuna. Dialogue between Krishna and Yudhishthira.)
8.101 After Arjuna killed Karna, Yudhishthira saluted him. Then, he praised Krishna and Arjuna. A conversation ensued between Krishna and Yudhishthira.
